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Books on the topic 'Disadvantaged backgrounds'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Adiv, Ellen. Assessment of the academic achievement and affective characteristics of pupils from socio-economically disadvantaged backgrounds in non-inner city schools, grades 1 and 4. [Montreal, Quebec]: Inner City Dept., Protestant School Board of Greater Montreal, 1985.

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United States. Congress. Senate. A bill to amend the Public Health Service Act to establish, reauthorize and revise provisions to improve the health of individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds, and for other purposes. [Washington, D.C.?]: [United States Government Printing Office], 1993.

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Coordinating federal assistance programs for the economically disadvantaged: Recommendations and background materials. Washington, D.C. (1522 K St., N.W., Suite 300, Washington 20005): National Commission for Employment Policy, 1991.

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R, Entwisle Doris, and Olson Linda Steffel, eds. The long shadow: Family background, disadvantaged urban youth, and the transition to adulthood. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2014.

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Planned Teenage Pregnancy: Perspectives of Young Parents from Disadvantaged Backgrounds. Policy Pr, 2006.

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M, Frasier Mary, and Educational Resources Information Center (U.S.), eds. Educators' perceptions of barriers to the identification of gifted children from economically disadvantaged and limited English proficient backgrounds. [Storrs, CT]: National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented, 1995.

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Garner, Roberta, Black Hawk Hancock, and Kenneth Fidel. Class and Race-Ethnicity in a Changing City. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040597.003.0002.

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The chapter traces the dynamics of class and race-ethnicity in the Chicago metropolitan area, identifying persistent disparities and emergent features of stratification. The chapter begins with a focus on the impact of de-industrialization and economic restructuring on African Americans whose disadvantaged position in terms of employment and education in the 20th century was exacerbated rather than mitigated by the decline of the “industrial city.” Immigrants occupy a wide range of class-positions, depending on country of origin and their education and class background in these countries. A major emerging phenomenon is the rise of a new white-collar working class of diverse ethno-racial backgrounds that has a blurred boundary with the “creative class.” A brief critique of public discourse about class and race closes the chapter.

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van Baar, Huub, and Angéla Kóczé, eds. The Roma and Their Struggle for Identity in Contemporary Europe. Berghahn Books, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/9781789206425.

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Thirty years after the collapse of Communism, and at a time of increasing anti-migrant and anti-Roma sentiment, this book analyses how Roma identity is expressed in contemporary Europe. From backgrounds ranging from political theory, postcolonial, cultural and gender studies to art history, feminist critique and anthropology, the contributors reflect on the extent to which a politics of identity regarding historically disadvantaged, racialized minorities such as the Roma can still be legitimately articulated.

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GOVERNMENT, US. An Act to Amend the Public Health Service Act to Improve the Health of Individuals Who Are Members of Minority Groups and Who Are from Disadvantaged Backgrounds, and for Other Purposes. Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., distributor, 1990.

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Bukowski, Slawomir Ireneusz. Monetary Unions: Background, Advantages and Disadvantages. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2018.

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Besen-Cassino, Yasemin. Part-Time Employment and Aesthetic Labor Among Middle-Class Youth. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190685898.003.0006.

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This chapter addresses work experience from the perspective of the young people themselves so as to capture varied lived experiences of youth employment and unemployment. Research to date has provided an incomplete picture of youth unemployment, failing to focus on part-time work. For youth, part-time jobs are becoming scarce and more difficult to locate. With the economic recession, not only are employers in the retail and service sector less likely to hire but young people find themselves in competition with unemployed older workers and immigrant workers, rendering these jobs more competitive than ever before. Moreover, with the rise in youth unemployment and with recently intensifying aesthetic labor requirements, young people do not have the same extent of opportunities for interacting with diverse groups of workers from a range of backgrounds, including those who have been socially and economically disadvantaged.

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Speckman, McGlory, and Martin Mandew, eds. Perspectives on Student Affairs in South Africa. African Minds, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.47622/9781920677442.

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The goal of Perspectives on Student Affairs in South Africa is to generate interest in student affairs in South Africa. The papers contained herein are based on best practice, local experience and well-researched international and local theories. The papers in this book deal with matters pertaining to international and national trends in student affairs: academic development, access and retention, counselling, and material support for students coming from disadvantaged backgrounds. They are linked to national and international developments, as described in the first two papers. This publication will assist both young and experienced practitioners as they grow into their task of developing the students entrusted to them. All contributors are South Africans with a great deal of experience in student affairs, and all are committed to the advancement of student affairs in South Africa. The editors are former heads of student affairs portfolios at two leading South African universities.

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Kleykamp, Meredith, Ryan Kelty, and David R. Segal. Military Service in Midlife. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190260637.003.0027.

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This chapter examines the role of military experience on positive or negative development and functioning in early adulthood. It reviews the demographic composition of the military in the United States, with attention to the diversity of those who serve. It reviews how military service influences the transition to adulthood, now serving as a pathway toward, rather than an interruption of, adulthood. It summarizes the wealth of research connecting military service to midlife outcomes, with a special focus on how military experiences may generate positive growth and resilience. Although some who serve may experience trauma, military service can also provide material and psychosocial benefits, including post-traumatic growth. Notably, the benefits of military service tend to accrue most for individuals who come from more disadvantaged backgrounds, making the military a potentially important institutional setting for a successful transition to adulthood for those who need such supports the most.

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Morton, Jennifer. Moving Up without Losing Your Way. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691179230.001.0001.

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Upward mobility through the path of higher education has been an article of faith for generations of working-class, low-income, and immigrant college students. While we know this path usually entails financial sacrifices and hard work, very little attention has been paid to the deep personal compromises such students have to make as they enter worlds vastly different from their own. Measuring the true cost of higher education for those from disadvantaged backgrounds, this book looks at the ethical dilemmas of upward mobility—the broken ties with family and friends, the severed connections with former communities, and the loss of identity—faced by students as they strive to earn a successful place in society. The book reframes the college experience, factoring in not just educational and career opportunities but also essential relationships with family, friends, and community. Finding that student strivers tend to give up the latter for the former, negating their sense of self, the book seeks to reverse this course. It urges educators to empower students with a new narrative of upward mobility—one that honestly situates ethical costs in historical, social, and economic contexts and that allows students to make informed decisions for themselves. The book paves a hopeful road so that students might achieve social mobility while retaining their best selves.

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Newell, James L. Corruption in contemporary politics. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719088919.001.0001.

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This book provides an accessible account of current thinking about political corruption, recognising that the phenomenon is a serious problem: since it infringes rules defining legitimate and illegitimate means of the acquisition of wealth and the exercise of power, corruption damages the interests of the advantaged and disadvantaged alike. The advantaged find that wealth cannot be pursued and maintained safely, the disadvantaged that development is thwarted and resources redistributed from the poor to the rich. Against this background, the book takes the reader on a journey – a journey that begins with what corruption is, why its study might be important and how it can be measured. From there it moves on to explore corruption’s causes, its consequences and how it can be tackled – before finally discovering how these things are playing out in the established liberal democracies, in the former communist regimes and in what used to be commonly referred to as ‘the third world’. On the way it takes a couple of detours – first, to ascertain how the minimum of trust necessary for the corrupt transaction to take place at all is established and underwritten, and second to survey the phenomenon of scandal – to which corruption may give rise. The book is therefore offered as an informative ‘travel guide’ of potential interest to journalists and policy makers as well as to students and academics researching matters on which political corruption has a bearing.

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Kastler, Bruno, and Adrian Kastler. Lumbar Sympathetic Block and Neurolysis: Computed Tomography. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199908004.003.0031.

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Lumbar sympathetic block and neurolysis are accepted treatment procedures in patients with sympathetic mediated lower limb pain and patients with advanced peripheral arterial disease. The use of imaging guidance is highly recommended in order to achieve best possible results and to avoid complications. The high image resolution (as opposed to fluoroscopy) and high availability (as opposed to MRI) offered by CT makes it the imaging guidance technique preferred. This chapter reviews the indications of lumbar sympathetic chain blockade and neurolysis and the basic anatomical background. Then it demonstrates how CT guidance allows a step-by-step control of positioning the needle tip at the target for either lumbar blockade or alcohol neurolysis and the advantages and disadvantages of each technique are summarized.

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Kastler, Adrian, and Bruno Kastler. Cervical Sympathetic Block and Neurolysis: Computed Tomography. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199908004.003.0029.

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The stellate ganglion blockade technique is used to treat complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). It is now well established that stellate blockades should be performed under imaging guidance. It has been suggested that alcohol may bring longer lasting relief in cases of severe intractable cancer-related pain arising from regional neoplasms invading the stellate ganglion, but frequent onset of Horner’s syndrome can outweigh the technique’s efficacy. Radiofrequency neurolysis (RFN) has become a common procedure in the management of chronic neuropathic pain. This chapter reviews indications of stellate ganglion procedures and describes the basic anatomical background, as knowledge of the anatomical surroundings of the stellate ganglion is a necessary prerequisite to a safe and successful procedure. Then it demonstrates how CT-guidance allows a step-by-step control of positioning the needle tip at target for either alcohol or radiofrequency thermal ablation, and discusses the results, advantages, and disadvantages of each approach.

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Markus S, Rieder, and Kreindler Richard. 1 Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199676811.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter presents a brief overview of the practice of commercial arbitration in Germany against the background of German state court litigation. The term ‘commercial’ here refers to arbitration related to civil law disputes between parties and public international law (especially investment treaty-based) arbitration on the one hand and consumer arbitration on the other hand. Historically, the tradition of arbitration in Germany has its roots in the 1879 version of the Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO), which remained substantially unchanged up until 1997 when it was reformed in order to adapt it to the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration of 1985 with the intention to strengthen the attractiveness of Germany as a locale for international arbitration. The chapter also explores the advantages and disadvantages of arbitration compared to German state court litigation, and discuss special types of arbitration and means of alternative dispute resolution.

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Grenier, Amanda, Chris Phillipson, and Richard A. Settersten Jr, eds. Precarity and Ageing. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447340850.001.0001.

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This book examines some of the challenges facing older people, given a context of rising life expectancy, cuts to the welfare state, and widening economic and social inequalities. It explores precarity and ageing from a range of disciplinary backgrounds, critical perspectives, and contexts. Although cultural representations and policy discourses depict older people as a group healthier and more prosperous than ever, many older people experience ageing amid insecurities that emerge in later life or are carried forward as a consequence of earlier disadvantage. The collection of chapters develops a distinctive approach to understanding the changing cultural, economic and social circumstances that create precarity for different groups of older people. The aim of the book is to explore what insights the concept of precarity might bring to an understanding of ageing across the life course, especially in the context of the radical socio-political changes affecting the lives of older people. In doing so, it draws attention both to altered forms of ageing, but also to changing social and cultural contexts, and realities that challenge the assumption that older people will be protected by existing social programmes or whatever resources that can be marshalled privately.

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Singh, Balwant, Marta Camps-Arbestain, and Johannes Lehmann, eds. Biochar. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486305100.

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Interest in biochar among soil and environment researchers has increased dramatically over the past decade. Biochar initially attracted attention for its potential to improve soil fertility and to uncouple the carbon cycle, by storing carbon from the atmosphere in a form that can remain stable for hundreds to thousands of years. Later it was found that biochar had applications in environmental and water science, mining, microbial ecology and other fields. Beneficial effects of biochar and its environmental applications cannot be fully realised unless the chemical, physical, structural and surface properties of biochar are known. Currently many of the analytical procedures used for biochar analysis are not well defined, which makes it difficult to choose the right biochar for an intended use and to compare the existing data for biochars. Also, in some instances the use of inappropriate procedures has led to erroneous or inaccurate values for biochars in the scientific literature. Biochar: A Guide to Analytical Methods fills this gap and provides procedures and guidelines for routine and advanced characterisation of biochars. Written by experts, each chapter provides background to a technique or procedure, a stepwise guide to analyses, and includes data for biochars made from a range of feedstocks common to all presented methods. Discussion about the unique features, advantages and disadvantages of a particular technique is an explicit focus of this handbook for biochar analyses. Biochar is primarily intended for researchers, postgraduate students and practitioners who require knowledge of biochar properties. It will also serve as an important resource for researchers, industry and regulatory agencies dealing with biochar.

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