Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Disability and social security law'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Disability and social security law.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Disability and social security law.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Du, Plessis Meryl Candice. "Access to work for disabled persons in South Africa : the intersections of social understandings of disability, substantive equality and access to social security." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15492.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines possible synergies and points of friction between understandings of disability that emphasise its social contingency and jurisprudential debates on substantive equality and access to social security in the context of the promotion of access to work for disabled persons in South Africa. In consequence of an analysis of theoretical debates in the field of disability studies and how these find application in the sphere of employment equity law, it is concluded that, while social understandings of disability mostly focus on structural changes that would see people with disabilities who can and want to work gain access to such work, the positive obligations imposed on employers and the state in terms of equality rights and employment equity legislation are of limited depth and breadth. It is proposed that one potential course of action to address the limited scope of equality law would be to emphasise the state's obligations in terms of socio-economic rights where these rights are relevant to work inequality. Particular emphasis is placed on how the interpretation and application of the right to access to social security could be used to activate government's duties in respect of unemployment protection and work creation. The conclusion reached is that while this strategy poses risks and has its limitations, it can be used to improve information gathering in respect of disabled work seekers that will aid planning and enforcement; to facilitate support for disabled work seekers who experience discrimination; to compel government to improve the implementation and enforcement of employment equity laws in respect of disabled work applicants; to catalyse a holistic approach to social security that considers the interrelationship between social assistance and promoting unemployment protection for disabled persons who are willing and able to work; and to provide different forms of support to disabled people who do not operate in the formal labour market, but who can and do perform work that falls outside the scope of traditional labour market regulation.
2
Cossío, Rodríguez María Patricia de. "La Gran Invalidez en el Régimen General de la Seguridad Social: "el cuarto grado" de la incapacidad permanente." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670839.
Full textAbstract:
Tras la Ley de Integración Social de los Minusválidos de 1982, la Gran invalidez se convirtió en el cuarto grado de la contingencia de Incapacidad permanente del nivel contributivo. En adelante se podría acceder a él no solo después de una revisión por agravación de una Incapacidad permanente absoluta previa, como hasta entonces, sino también de la de cualquier otro grado de Incapacidad permanente, e incluso directamente, en una calificación inicial. En este último caso, como consecuencia del cambio normativo, la calificación de la Gran invalidez dejaba de asentarse solo en factores extraprofesionales para tener también en cuenta los profesionales, porque debería ser objeto de valoración, además de la necesidad de ayuda para realizar los actos más esenciales de la vida, la afectación de la capacidad para el trabajo.
En todo caso, ya que esto nunca ha cambiado, para reconocer el grado de Gran invalidez, tanto en una calificación inicial como en una por revisión debida a agravación o a error de diagnóstico, la valoración de la necesidad de ayuda de tercera persona se limita a determinar si como consecuencia de las lesiones, enfermedades o dolencias padecidas el potencial beneficiario de las prestaciones requiere o no asistencia de otra persona para realizar alguno de los actos básicos para la vida. Puesto que no se tiene en cuenta hasta qué punto la autonomía personal del trabajador queda limitada, al no existir graduación de la dependencia personal mediante baremo, se será gran inválido si se requiere de la ayuda de otra persona, porque resulte imposible la realización de alguno de los actos esenciales para la vida, y no se será en caso contrario, por más que la ejecución de estos se lleve a cabo con cierta e incluso con mucha dificultad.
La inclusión de la Gran invalidez como grado autónomo de una contingencia protegida por el nivel contributivo, pese a su implícito carácter asistencial, supone que el régimen jurídico previsto para la Incapacidad permanente, principalmente en cuanto a los requisitos exigidos para su reconocimiento y el de las oportunas prestaciones económicas, resulte también aplicable al último de sus grados, lo que supone que la protección de las situaciones de dependencia personal que conlleva la Gran invalidez solo sea posible, con carácter general, antes del cumplimiento de la edad ordinaria de jubilación que corresponda cada año en función de la cotización acreditada por el interesado.
En definitiva, el cambio normativo llevado a cabo por la Ley de Integración Social de los Minusválidos de 1982, que propició un intenso debate doctrinal sobre la conveniencia o inconveniencia de la nueva configuración de la Gran invalidez como un grado autónomo
de la Incapacidad permanente, apenas supuso cambios en la consideración legal ni jurisprudencial de esta situación, porque con carácter general se siguió considerando el más grave de los grados de la Incapacidad permanente, como lo había sido hasta ese momento, dando con ello lugar a numerosas incongruencias en el régimen jurídico aplicable, que son objeto de atención en el presente trabajo doctoral.Després de la Llei d'Integració Social dels Minusvàlids de 1982, la Gran invalidesa es va convertir en el quart grau de la contingència d'Incapacitat permanent del nivell contributiu. D'ara endavant es podria accedir a ell no sols després d'una revisió per agreujament d'una Incapacitat permanent absoluta prèvia, com fins llavors, sinó també de la de qualsevol altre grau d'Incapacitat permanent, i fins i tot seria possible declarar-la en una qualificació inicial. En aquest últim cas, a conseqüència del canvi normatiu, la qualificació de la Gran invalidesa deixava d'assentar-se només en factors extra professionals per a tenir també en compte els professionals, perquè hauria de ser objecte de valoració, a més de la necessitat d'ajuda per a realitzar els actes més essencials de la vida, l'afectació de la capacitat per al treball. En tot cas, ja que això mai ha canviat, per a reconèixer el grau de Gran invalidesa, tant en una qualificació inicial com en una per revisió deguda a agreujament o a error de diagnòstic, la valoració de la necessitat d'ajuda de tercera persona es limita a determinar si a conseqüència de les lesions o malalties patides, el potencial beneficiari de les prestacions requereix o no de la assistència d'una altra persona per realitzar algun dels actes bàsics per a la vida. Com que no es té en compte fins a quin punt l'autonomia personal del treballador queda limitada, al no existir graduació de la dependència personal mitjançant barem, es serà gran invàlid si es requereix l'ajuda d'una altra persona per a la realització d'algun dels actes essencials per a la vida, i no es serà en cas contrari, per més que l'execució d'aquests es dugui a terme amb certa i fins i tot amb molta dificultat. La inclusió de la Gran invalidesa com a grau autònom d'una contingència protegida pel nivell contributiu, malgrat el seu implícit caràcter assistencial, suposa que el règim jurídic previst per a la Incapacitat permanent, principalment quant als requisits exigits per al seu reconeixement i el de les oportunes prestacions econòmiques, resulti també aplicable a l'últim dels seus graus, la qual cosa suposa que la protecció de les situacions de dependència personal que comporta la Gran invalidesa només sigui possible, amb caràcter general, abans del compliment de l'edat ordinària de jubilació que correspongui cada any en funció de la cotització acreditada per l'interessat. En definitiva, el canvi normatiu dut a terme per la Llei d'Integració Social dels Minusvàlids de 1982, que va propiciar un intens debat doctrinal sobre la conveniència o inconveniència de la nova configuració de la Gran invalidesa com un grau autònom de la Incapacitat permanent, gairebé no va suposar canvis en la consideració legal ni jurisprudencial d'aquesta situació, perquè amb caràcter general es va continuar tractant com el més greu dels graus de la Incapacitat permanent, com ho havia estat fins aquell moment, donant amb això lloc a nombroses incongruències en el règim jurídic aplicable, que són objecte d'atenció en el present treball doctoral.
Following the Social Integration of Disabled Persons Act of 1982, the Great Disability became the fourth degree of the Permanent Disability contingency at the contributory level. Hereafter, it could be accessed not only after a review for aggravation of a previous absolute permanent disability, as it was until then, but also after a review of any other degree of permanent disability and even directly after an initial qualification. In the latter case, as a consequence of the regulatory change, the qualification of Great Disability ceased to be based only on extra-professional factors to also take into account professional ones, since, in addition to the need for help to carry out the most essential acts in life, impairment of the ability to work should also be subject to assessment. In any case, since this has never changed, in order to recognize the degree of Great Disability, both in an initial qualification and in a revision due to aggravation or diagnostic error, the assessment of the need for help from a third-party is limited to the determination of whether or not the potential recipient of benefits as a consequence of injuries or illnesses requires the assistance of another person to perform any of the basic acts for life. Since the extent to which the personal autonomy of the worker is limited is not taken into account, since there is no graduation of personal dependency through a scale, it will be considered a great invalidity only if the help of another person is required to carry out any of the essential acts for life, and otherwise it will not, even if the execution of these is carried out with certain and even great difficulty. The inclusion of the Great Disability as an autonomous degree of a contingency protected by the contributory level, despite its implicit assistance character, supposes that the legal regime foreseen for permanent Disability, mainly regarding the requirements demanded for its recognition and the right to the corresponding financial benefits, is also applicable to the greatest of its degrees, which means that the protection of situations of personal dependency entailed by Great Disability is only possible, in general, before reaching the ordinary retirement age of the corresponding year, depending on the contribution accredited by the interested party. In short, the regulatory change carried out by the Social Integration of Disabled Persons Act of 1982, led to an intense doctrinal debate on the convenience or inconvenience of the new configuration of the Great Disability as an autonomous degree of permanent disability, hardly involved changes in the legal or jurisprudential consideration of this situation, because in general it was still considered the most serious of the degrees of permanent disability, as it had been up to that time, giving place to numerous inconsistencies in the applicable legal regime, which are the subject of attention in this doctoral work.
3
Kim, Seonghoon. "Essays in Economics of Social Security Disability Insurance and Health." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1365696633.
Full text
4
Abbay, Futsum. "Disability rights in Africa: towards citizenship approach." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114183.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis evaluates the status of the rights of persons with disabilities in the African context drawing from international, regional and national perspectives. It assesses the adequacy and effectiveness of the existing legal frameworks in Africa for achieving the full citizenship rights of persons with disabilities. It uses the concept of citizenship to justify and advocate for the protection and promotion of the rights of persons with disabilities. The thesis begins by reviewing various theoretical and conceptual models of disability rights and the emergence of anti-discrimination rights and the duty to accommodate in various jurisdictions. It then examines significant developments in international human rights law, culminating in the coming into force of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. I underscore the shift that has occurred away from a biomedical/charity model of disability towards a human rights and citizenship-based paradigm. In the African context, however, this shift has not yet occurred. I argue that the existing regional legal framework in Africa does not provide adequate legal protections and guarantees for safeguarding the human rights of persons with disabilities. The African regional human rights instruments often portray persons with disabilities as recipients of care, assistance and rehabilitation services, replicating the perspective of the individual/bio-medical model. The progress towards a human rights approach to disability rights in Africa has been very slow. I suggest that the African Union should adopt a separate and specific convention or protocol on the rights of persons with disabilities in Africa. At the national level, many African states have disability-related laws that continue to reflect attitudes rooted in the individual/bio-medical model. To date, many African states have not enacted laws that meaningfully respect and protect disability human rights. I argue that states should primarily be responsible for ensuring the full citizenship status of persons with disabilities. I maintain that persons with disabilities should be reasonably accommodated to meet their needs in all circumstances in order to attain this objective. Otherwise, eliminating the exclusion, marginalization and discrimination experienced by persons with disabilities will remain an unfulfilled dream.Cette thèse évalue le statut des droits des personnes handicapées dans le contexte Africain, en puisant dans des perspectives internationales, régionales et nationales. Elle étudie également l'adéquation et l'efficacité des cadres légaux existants actuellement en Afrique pour établir les pleins droits civils des personnes handicapées.La thèse commence par passer en revue plusieurs modèles théoriques et conceptuels des droits des personnes handicapées et l'émergence de droits antidiscriminatoires et du devoir d'accommodation dans plusieurs juridictions. Elle examine ensuite les développements significatifs dans le droit international de la personne, culminant avec l'entrée en vigueur de la Convention relative aux droits des personnes handicapées. À cet égard, je souligne le changement qui s'est opéré en passant d'un modèle biomédical/charité vers un paradigme basé sur les droits des personnes handicapées et la citoyenneté. Dans le contexte Africain, ce changement n'a en revanche pas encore eu lieu. Je soutiens que le cadre légal régional présentement en place en Afrique n'offre pas de protection légale ou de garanties pour la protection des droits des personnes handicapées adéquates. Les instruments régionaux Africains des droits de la personne décrivent souvent les personnes handicapées comme des receveurs d'aide, d'assistance et de services de réhabilitation, reproduisant ainsi la perspective du modèle individuel/biomédical. L'évolution vers une approche des droits de la personne pour les personnes handicapées en Afrique est très lente. Je suggère que l'Union Africaine devrait adopter une convention ou un protocole séparé et spécifique aux droits des personnes handicapées en Afrique. De même, au niveau national, de nombreuses nations Africaines légifèrent des lois sur le handicap qui continuent de refléter des attitudes ancrées dans le modèle individuel/biomédical. Présentement, de nombreux pays Africains n'ont pas adopté de lois qui respectent et protègent de façon significative les droits des personnes handicapées. Je soutiens que les états devraient être principalement responsables d'assurer le plein statut de citoyen des personnes handicapées. Je maintiens que les personnes handicapées devraient être raisonnablement accommodées pour pourvoir à leurs besoins en toutes circonstances pour atteindre cet objectif. Sinon, l'élimination de l'exclusion, de la marginalisation et de la discrimination envers les personnes handicapées restera un rêve inachevé.
5
Pierce, Tracy. "Improving Texas Disability Determination Services." Thesis, American Military University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10724222.
Full textAbstract:
The goal of this research was to identify and correct flaws in the Disability Determination Services at the initial claims stage of review. The research included examining previous literature, comparing the Texas Disability Determination Services mission statement the agencies performance measures, examining the Supreme Court case Mathews v. Eldridge and applying the Mathews v. Eldridge three-part balance test to a recent rejected claim from Texas Disability Determination Services.
6
Amedi, Reving. "Disability in Kurdistan : A Study Seen From a Human Security Perspective." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-19651.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is concerned with the developed area of Kurdistan, the Iraqi Kurdistan, and this paper will try to underline the situation of persons with disabilities living standards in Kurdistan. The research problem concerned with this topic is, what is being done by the different actors who have the power to influence the living standards of persons with disabilities in the region of Kurdistan. The purpose and aims of this paper is to highlight the importance of these living standards for these persons and how they feel they are being treated by the society as whole, both from the society (the people around them), and also the government, authorities and organizations at place for aid and assistance to those people. The main course of this paper has been laid on interviews with official persons from government and associations in Kurdistan. On the authorities and similar side, Salah Yousif Mohammed, the directorate of Disabled Care Duhok has been interviewed, together with Nassrat Mohammed Salem, the director of ZheenHandi Capped Association, Wahid Saeed Chicho, the director of Little People of Kurdistan Association and Khabat Islam Muhamad, Dohuk Program Manager for the Voice of Older People (VOP). These interviews together with interviews with persons with disabilities have laid forward a comprehensive matter of facts at hand to study. Social Constructivism, Human Security and Disability have been chosen as theoretical framework of this paper to help for better understanding of the purpose of this paper. Both Social Constructivism and Human Security help to define and better understand the concept of Disability in Kurdistan. The Social Model of Disability in Sweden has also been included in Disability for better understanding of a successful example.
7
Larkin, Philip M. "The rule of forfeiture and social security law." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268387.
Full text
8
El-Harudi, El-Muner. "New developments in the law of aviation security." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61887.
Full text
9
Obore, Caroline Agonzibwa. "Legal and policy implications of Uganda's social security law." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14965.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-78).Social security is an expression of social solidarity and an attempt to curb the ills of exclusion and poverty. The welfare state was premised on this very ideal of social solidarity. As a result of the changed and changing times, the welfare state which has now come to be known as social security is under siege by several forces unique to individual states. For this reason, social security is an area of rich diversity and the challenges facing social security are not homogenous. Whereas for rich and industrialized countries social security is very meaningful, for most of Sub Saharan Africa it is an abstract and relatively novel concept. The Universal Declaration for the Rights of man, to which every country should aspire and to which most, if not all, constitutions are modeled provides for the right to social security. Whereas the declaration implies that social security is an inalienable right, the definition of social security or 'western notion of social security' adopted by most countries with a semblance of social security eliminates the vast majority of people namely; those in the informal sector, the poor and those in the rural areas. Studies of social security advance the theory-that the conventional definition of social security is not adequate for the African continent because formal social security schemes were introduced in Africa during the colonial era as a response to the social security needs of expatriate white workers. In Uganda, formal social security caters for less than 20 per cent of the population leaving the rest to harness any other means possible to maintain subsistence and a level of sanity. The needs envisaged by traditional formal social security are not the needs an ordinary Ugandan today faces. As a result of this disparity, there has been and there continues to be out cries to reform a system that government has been reluctant to change much because of the multi-faceted and overwhelming social demands. The cliché that 'a drowning man clutches at a straw' could not be put better: Africans do not give up; we simply make the most of what we have.
10
Khembo, Loness. "Decent work in Malawi: social security; extension of social insurance to all workers." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15174.
Full textAbstract:
The only way Malawi can ensure adequate social security coverage to her citizens is to extend the scope and coverage of social security benefits provided by the labour legislations to all workers as they are more reliable and less burdensome on the poor state. This is premised on the fact that most Malawians work, but only a few are employees as shall be seen later in this chapter. This will reduce the burden on the state of providing social security to all her citizens as most will be covered by social insurance. It is against this background that this study analyses the Malawian pieces of legislation on social security with the aim of identifying the gaps that are affecting social security coverage to Malawian workers. In doing so, these legislations will be examined against the relevant international conventions specifically the ILO C 102 and the SADC Code. The study will also focus on how best to improve social security benefits coverage in Malawi and making it more relevant to Malawians.
11
Bregaglio, Lazarte Renata, Caycho Renato Constantino, Vidal Saulo Galicia, and González Erick Beyá. "Disability, incapacity for work and tongue-twister: can a person with disability work and receive an incapacity pension?" Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116397.
Full textAbstract:
The article focuses on a new problem that requires an adequate legal answer that respects the rights of the persons with disabilities: are all persons with disabilities incapacitated for work? This question tries to make a critical assessment of the traditional systems of social security that assumed that any disability led to the end of the productive life. However, that differs completely from the view of the social model of disability that states that disability comes from the social barriers and not from the persons. If disability is not the same as incapacity to work, how and when should this latter figure be applied? The existence of both figures requires us to differentiate them. The hypothesis is that these figures are different but may coexist at the same time.El presente artículo intentará enfocarse en una problemática que comienza a presentarse en la realidad y que requiere una respuesta jurídica adecuada y respetuosa de los derechos de las personas con discapacidad: ¿todas las personas con discapacidad tienen incapacidad para el trabajo? Esta pregunta busca realizar una valoración crítica de los tradicionales sistemas de seguridad social que entendieron que toda discapacidad llevaba al fin de la vida productiva. No obstante, esto confronta directamente los postulados del modelo social de la discapacidad que proclaman que las imposibilidades de las personas con discapacidad provienen de barreras sociales y no de las personas. Si la discapacidad no equivale a la incapacidad, ¿cómo debe entenderse y aplicarse dicha figura? La existencia de ambas figuras nos reta a plantear cuáles son las diferencias y similitudes entre ambas. Esta investigación se guía bajo la hipótesis de que ambos términos denotan situaciones distintas aunque estas pueden presentarse de manera simultánea.
12
Alexander, Michelle M. "The Experiences of People with Psychiatric Disabilities in Disability Income and Employment Support Programs." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/AlexanderMM2007.pdf.
Full text
13
Lensing, Daniel Paul. "Social Security: an evaluation of current problems and proposed solutions." Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18219.
Full textAbstract:
Master of ArtsDepartment of Economics
William F. Blankenau
This paper examines several different issues which could make the various Social Security programs insolvent. I evaluate each cause and how it is related to the problems experienced by each program to determine potential policy changes. I draw the majority of my data and information from peer-reviewed scholarly articles, as well as government agencies such as the Social Security Administration, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the Congressional Research Service. Section 1 of the paper explains the history of the Social Security program and the circumstances creating it. Section 2 goes into greater detail explaining different issues which could make the system insolvent. These areas are: earnings inequality, changes in healthcare, increased life expectancy, changes in the dependency ratio, general trust fund issues, disability trust fund issues, political climate, and recessions/reduced earnings. In Section 3, I evaluate two different proposed plans to fix Social Security. The first plan is an academic plan, the Diamond-Orszag Plan; the second is a plan created by a think-tank, The Heritage Plan. Section 4 gives a conclusion of the implications of the paper and explains the benefits and drawbacks of the two evaluated plans. After evaluating all the problems with Social Security and the two proposed plans, I come to the conclusion that neither plan would be ideal by itself. The Diamond-Orszag Plan is the most politically feasible plan, as it doesn’t change the framework of the current program. A combination of the two plans would be most beneficial, as The Heritage Plan has policy specifically targeting the problems with the Medicare system, where the Diamond-Orszag Plan does not. The three different plans for changing the disability system I evaluate in Section 2.5 are specific, targeted plans and could be a nice addition to a plan such as the Diamond-Orszag Plan. In any case, the sooner politicians finally start taking Social Security’s instability seriously, the better. The longer we wait, the more complex and difficult the problem will become.
14
Khan, Jahangir. "The impact of social security compensation inequality on earnings distribution due to sickness and disability /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-459-7/.
Full text
15
Louvet, Anne-Claire Alice. "The Social Security Disability Insurance and vocational rehabilitation programs : a study of the time delays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13681.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1986.Includes bibliographical references (p. 78-79).
Research supported by the National Science Foundation. SES84-19885
by Anne-Claire Alice Louvet.
B.S.
16
de, Larrinaga Miguel. "Alterity, social order, and the meaning(s) to security." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6124.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis provides a genealogy of security. The first two chapters situate it in relation to the discipline of International Relations and present the approach to develop the genealogy. It is argued that what has enabled the lack of problematization of the concept of security within the discipline is precisely the security project of the discipline itself: the securing of an ontological ground through the deployment of epistemological precepts that pervade the way the discipline is predominantly understood and its evolution is retroactively (re)written. I argue that the discipline itself is enabled by, and is a manifestation of, "sovereign thought"---i.e. a form of knowledge inextricably related to the articulation of the sovereign State as the predominant form of social order in modernity. What is revealed is how the structure of sovereign thought occults its generative principles and enables a framing of issues and problems via objective knowledge while simultaneously masking its role as a frame. It is this deployment of knowledge that enables the naturalization of "security." These first two chapters provide the groundwork and the rationale for the genealogical investigation found in the second part of the thesis. The three following chapters apply this approach to the relationship between the meaning(s) to security and the production of social order. This genealogy is developed by tracing the intimate complicity between the meaning to security and the articulation of social order via alterity. These chapters are constructed around three interregna : the shift from Roman Republic to Empire and the advent of Christianity; the shift from Christendom to sovereign State in the classical age; and the advent of the modern sovereign State and the present mutations of sovereign order. Through this genealogy it is argued that our present articulation of "security" serves as a mechanism of depoliticization in the service of sovereign order increasingly deployed throughout the social above and below statal space. Finally, I argue that it is within the context of modernity and its intimate relation with the advent of democracy that a new horizon of possibility to articulate a counter-discourse to security is opened up.
17
Gugwana, Monde Barrington. "The position of asylum seekers in South African social security law." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6159.
Full textAbstract:
The legal position of asylum seekers in South African social security system is more nuanced as a result of their transitional stay or status in the country. Asylum seekers may often be present in South Africa for a quite a long time but their social security entitlement is more restricted, and similar to that of temporary residents. For example, asylum seekers’ social security position is completely different from that of refugees. Refugees enjoy the same social security treatment similarly to South African citizens and permanent residents. Refugees qualify for the constitutionally entrenched right to have access to social security, including appropriate social assistance. Refugees also qualify for other socio-economic rights contained in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. The exclusion of asylum seekers occurs despite the fact they are one of the vulnerable groups of noncitizens. Such exclusion forces asylum seekers to live under precarious conditions. It is fundamentally accepted that the drafters of the Constitution included the right to have access to social security, in order to ensure that everyone, irrespective of nationality and citizenship enjoys an acceptable standard of living. It is also fundamentally accepted that the right to have access to social security contained in section 27(1)(c) is limited by section 27(2) of the Constitution. Section 27(2) requires the State to take reasonable legislative measures, within its available resources, to achieve the progressive realisation of the right to have access to social security. The South African courts had on several occasions confirmed that the content of section 27(1)(c) is limited by section 27(2) of the Constitution and that the state cannot implement the right to have access to social security on demand. It had also been confirmed that the right to have access to social security is enforceable. This means the beneficiaries of this right may seek recourse from the courts of law when they are not satisfied about the progress relating to the implementation of the programmes relevant to the right to have access to social security. The right to have access to social security is also limited by section 36(1) of the Constitution. In the international arena, the right to have access to social security is recognised as the entitlement of everyone, but in some instances differential treatment can be made by the states. Such differential treatment should serve the legitimate state objective and all noncitizens should be treated equally.
18
Shefloe, Scott. "The proliferation security initiative and United Nations Security Resolution 1540: international law and the world's recent efforts to combat proliferation of weapons of mass destruction." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21991.
Full textAbstract:
Efforts to combat the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) have existed ever since the first WMD were created. In recent years, the proliferation of WMD has been recognized as a threat to international peace and security. The recognition of this threat led to recent efforts by the international community to create two new mechanisms for combating the proliferation of WMD. The new mechanisms are the Proliferation Security Initiative and United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540. These new mechanisms were instituted to fill gaps in the existing nonproliferation regime, though they approach nonproliferation by different methods. One utilizes a small voluntary coalition, while the other imposes mandatory obligations of a universal nature. Both were created through international legal methods, but arguably exist due to novel legal authorities. Their bases in international law will be crucial to their effectiveness in the nonproliferation regime. If they do not adhere to existing international law and comport with the existing nonproliferation regime, then their success in combating WMD proliferation will be limited. This thesis provides background on the nonproliferation regime and these two recent mechanisms and then analyzes their adherence to international law. I then argue that in order for a WMD non-proliferation instrument to be successful, it must comport with international law. In this respect, Resolution 1540 may be superior to The Proliferation Security Initiative.Depuis l'apparition des toutes premières armes de destruction massive (ADM), des efforts sont déployés pour contrer leur prolifération. Depuis quelques années, il est reconnu que la prolifération des ADM constitue une menace envers la paix et la sécurité internationale. La reconnaissance de cette menace a incité la communauté internationale à créer deux nouveaux mécanismes pour combattre la prolifération des ADM, soit l'Initiative de sécurité contre la prolifération et la résolution 1540 du Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU. Ces mécanismes ont été mis en place pour combler les lacunes présentes dans le régime de non prolifération, mais ils abordent la non prolifération à l'aide de méthodes différentes. Le premier se fonde sur une petite coalition de volontaires, tandis que l'autre impose des obligations à teneur universelle. Les deux mécanismes ont été créés à l'aide de moyens juridiques internationaux, mais on peut considérer qu'ils existent en fait depuis l'émergence de nouvelles autorités légales. Leur enracinement dans le droit international sera crucial pour assurer leur efficacité au sein du régime de non prolifération. Si ces mécanismes ne se conforment pas au droit international et qu'ils concordent avec le régime de non prolifération actuel, leur efficacité pour contrer la prolifération des ADM sera restreinte. La présente thèse propose une étude des fondements du régime de non prolifération et de ces deux nouveaux mécanismes, pour ensuite analyser leur conformité respective au droit international. Je soumet ensuite que pour assurer le succès d'un instrument contre la prolifération des armes de destruction massive, il faudra que cet instrument se conforme au droit international. Sur cette considération, la resolution 1540 de l'ONU est peut-être bien superieur a l'Initiative de sécurité contre la prolifération.
19
Bredenkamp, Caryn. "Falling through the cracks : income security and the South African social security system." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52269.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis focuses on the extent to which the South African social security system succeeds in providing protection in the vulnerable periods of the life-cycle and against the major contingencies of unemployment, disability and disease. Through a detailed examination of the different social insurance and assistance programmes, it isolates which particular population segments (by occupation, income quintile and race group) "fall through the cracks" in the provision of income security. It does not look only at the articulation between different social insurance and social assistance programmes, but also acknowledges how social security complements other governmental interventions, such as social services, and non-state sources of income security, such as those provided by the private insurance market and the family and community. Part One of the thesis is devoted to an examination of social insurance in South Africa, in other words, to those programmes that seek to compensate for a loss of income in the event of particular contingencies and that are funded by contributions from employers and employees. In addition, theoretical perspectives on social security, and social insurance in particular, are provided, with a discussion of the various economic arguments in favour of and against the provision of social security. Part Two of the thesis examines the range of non-contributory social assistance - cash benefits paid form general revenue - that are available to South Africans who qualify in terms of the means tests. Each chapter provides an analysis of the extent to which the social assistance programme under analysis provides a safety net for the relevant category of vulnerable people. It does this by examining the appropriateness of the programme structure, take-up rates and the fiscal sustainability of the programmes. In addition, the budgetary process by which revenue is allocated to social assistance programmes and expenditure trends are examined. The thesis concludes that although the South African social security system has achieved a fairly advanced level of development and covers a fairly wide range of risks, there are a number of constraints facing its further expansion. Social insurance schemes provide generous benefits, but their membership is restricted to the employed. Expanding coverage by social insurance would require substantial growth in remunerative employment which, given prevailing labour market conditions, seems unlikely. The provision of more generous social assistance programmes catering for a broader range of contingencies is severely curtailed by already high fiscal expenditure on welfare and macroeconomic constraints. Moreover, changing demography, household structures and dependency burdens, especially as the HIV/AIDS epidemic spreads, seem likely to increase demands on social assistance programmes. Consequently, until employment can be expanded so that more people can contribute to their own income security, the informal social security provided by the family and/or community will remain the first line of support for many.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis word gefokus op die mate waartoe die Suid-Afrikaanse bestaansbeveiligingstelsel daarin slaag om ondersteuning tydens kwesbare periodes in die lewensiklus en beskerming teen groot gebeurlikhede soos werkloosheid, ongeskiktheid of langdurige siekte te bied. Daardie bevolkingsegmente (volgens beroep, inkomstegroep of ras) wat nie volledig toegang tot inkomstesekuriteit het nie, word uitgesonder deur 'n gedetaileerde ondersoek van die verskillende maatskaplike versekerings- en bystandsprogramme. Daar word ook gekyk na die artikulasie tussen die verskillende programme sowel as na hoe ander regeringsintervensies (bv. verskaffing van maatskaplike dienste) en private bronne van inkomstesekuriteit - verskaf deur die privaat versekeringsmark, die gemeenskap en die familie - deur maatskaplike bystand aangevul word. Deel Een word gewyaan 'n ondersoek van maatskaplike versekering in Suid-Afrika - daardie programme wat vir inkomsteverlies weens spesifieke gebeurlikhede probeer kompenseer en wat tipies deur bydraes van werkgewers en werknemers befonds word. Teoretiese perspektiewe op bestaansbeveiliging in die algemeen en maatskaplike versekering in besonder word ook verskaf en argumente vir en teen die verskaffing van bestaansbeveiliging word bespreek. Deel Twee ondersoek die reeks nie-bydraende bestaansbeveiligingsprogramme wat uit algemene owerheidsinkomste befonds word, asook bestedingstendense in maatskaplike bystand. Die tesis kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat, alhoewel Suid-Afrikaanse bestaansbeveiliging 'n redelik gevorderde vlak van ontwikkeling bereik het en 'n wye reeks risiko's dek, daar 'n aantal beperkinge op verdere uitbreiding is. Maatskaplike versekeringskemas bied uitgebreide voordele, maar lidmaatskap is tot indiensgeneemdes beperk. Uitbreiding van dekking vereis beduidende groei in formele indiensneming, wat onwaarskynlik lyk, gegewe huidige arbeidsmarktendense. Die verskaffing van gunstiger maatskaplike bystandsprogramme gemik op meer gebeurlikhede word ernstig deur reeds hoë fiskale uitgawes op welsyn en deur makroekonomiese oorweginge beperk. Verder sal veranderende demografiese strukture, huishoudingstrukture en afhanklikheidslaste, veral teen die agtergrond van die toename in HIVNIGS, aansprake op maatskaplike bystandsprogramme vergroot. Gevolglik sal die informele inkomstesekuriteit gebied deur die familie en/of gemeenskap die eerste of enigste ondersteuning vir groot dele van die bevolking bly, totdat indiensneming genoeg uitgebrei kan word sodat meer mense tot hul eie inkomstesekuriteit kan bydra.
20
Govindjee, Avinash. "The constitutional right of access to social security." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/280.
Full textAbstract:
The inclusion of the right of access to social security in the Constitution did not meet with wholehearted approval in South Africa. This right, however, is of vital importance for the future upliftment of the country. The present social security system is based upon a clear distinction between social assistance and social insurance. There is a gap in current social security provisions in that the unemployed middle aged individual is not covered. Unemployment itself is one of the greatest challenges obscuring the implementation of a comprehensive social security system. The Constitutional right is to have ‘access’ to social security and the amount of resources at the state’s disposal is directly related to increasing this right, although it is true that a number of available resources are misspent. The state must take reasonable legislative and other measures, within its available resources, to achieve the progressive realisation of the right of access to social security. The principles of solidarity and ubuntu must be cultivated so that national social development becomes a concern for all citizens. There are numerous problems facing South Africans in attaining the goal of access to social security – even if national social development does become a priority. Budgetary constraints, poverty, unemployment, HIV/Aids and foreigners are examples of these. By making social security a priority for everyone, existing ideas (almost all of which have merit) may be converted into long-term solutions for poverty and unemployment. Currently, numerous opportunities to salvage the situation are being overlooked as a result of the lack of a comprehensive and structured plan to better the access to social security. The constitutional right of access to social security is enforceable, although the jurisprudence in this field remains underdeveloped. Conditions are currently favourable, within the country and beyond its borders, for an imaginative and concerted attempt to be made to find potential solutions. It is possible for resources to be increased and for tax benefits to be incorporated for businesses which have the capacity to contribute. The issue of defence spending is controversial, but could hold the key to lowering unemployment. Should jobs be created, it is likely that they will initially be of a temporary nature. Consequently, provisions are needed to ensure some guarantee of income in the lacuna between when a job is lost and another found. Ultimately, one thing is certain: the constitutional right of access to social security will only be complete once the people who are recipients of this right make sacrifices and create corresponding duties for themselves to ensure that the next generation of inhabitants of this country are not facing similar problems. The state’s goal should be to ensure that the basic rights which all people enjoy in terms of the Constitution (in particular the other socio-economic rights) are guaranteed for the duration of their existence, even if the level of benefits received by such people is low.
21
Powell, Rhonda L. "Security and the right to security of person." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:26e81a46-54d5-44f5-a3cd-c74a5798ea0d.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis inquires into the meaning of the right to security of person. This right is found in many international, regional and domestic human rights instruments. However, academic discourse reveals disagreement about the meaning of the right. The thesis first considers case law from the European Convention on Human Rights, the South African Bill of Rights and the Canadian Charter. The analysis shows that courts too disagree about the meaning of the right to security of person. The thesis then takes a theoretical approach to understanding the meaning of the right. It is argued that the concept of ‘security’ establishes that the right imposes both positive and negative duties but that ‘security’ does not determine which interests are protected by the right. For this, we need consider the meaning of the ‘person’. The notion of personhood as understood in the ‘capabilities approach’ of Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum is then introduced. It is suggested that this theory could be used to identify the interests protected by the right. Next, the theoretical developments are applied to the legal context in order to illustrate the variety of interests the right to security of person would protect and the type of duties it would impose. As a result, it is argued that the idea of ‘security of person’ is too broad to form the subject matter of an individual legal right. This raises a question over the relationship between security of person and human rights law. It is proposed that instead of recognising an individual legal right to security of person, human rights law as a whole could be seen as a mechanism to secure the person, the capabilities approach determining what it takes to fulfil a right and thereby secure the person.
22
Huchim, Jennifer. "Policy Analysis of the Homeland Security Act of 2002." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10751639.
Full textAbstract:
Unaccompanied children arrive at the U.S. border in seek of refugee from the gang activity, abuse and/or poverty from their country of origin. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the values, intentions, objectives and effects of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 with connection to unaccompanied children. There will be an analysis of how the Homeland Security Act of 2002 and other related policies have affected the care, processing, treatment and apprehension of unaccompanied children.
23
Warry, Christine Margaret. "Distinction and disparity : the rise of discrimination in British social security law." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340315.
Full text
24
Zverina, Clara Monika. "Essays in Public and Labor Economics." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11613.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation comprises three chapters. The first chapter estimates the crowd-out effect of Social Security on private retirement saving. In a quasi-experimental research design, I analyze the effect of the 1990 federal mandate of Social Security coverage for all state and local government employees who were not covered by an equivalent state pension. Using a sample of more than 12 million employer-employee observations on earnings and contributions to retirement plans, I find that Social Security coverage induces approximately 16% of those affected who had previously saved in private retirement plans to stop contributing. For those who continue contributing, Social Security coverage crowds out about 23% of pre-reform contributions.
25
Pettersson, Andreas. "Out and about in the welfare state : the right to transport in everyday life for people with disabilities in Swedish, Danish and Norwegian law." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiskt forum, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-101763.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to identify how a social citizenship for people with disabilities is shaped bythe normative structures in the Swedish, Danish and Norwegian law governing their right to transportin everyday life. The thesis deals with three types of transport provided by the public to private individuals: transport services, car allowances, and cash benefits for reimbursing transport costs forpeople with disabilities. For each provision, the focus of the study is directed by the followingquestions: – Is there a rights/duties relationship between the public and the individual? Who is eligible forprovision? How does public funding impact entitlement? Who is obliged to provide? What are thelegal guarantees for entitlement? Despite objectives within Nordic law and policy that people with disabilities should be compensated for their impairments, and allowed to lead independent and autonomous lives, the results from the thesis show that the various transport provisions do not fully realize this. The legal relations between the public and those with needs for transport in their everyday lives are characterized by control, scrutiny and questioning. In order to protect the public budgets from costs, the eligibility criteria in the law are so constructed as to ensure that only certain needs for transport, and only some impairments, can meet them. The national, regional and municipal governments, and the administrative courts, subject people with disabilities to intrusive inquiries regarding personal details and other circumstances in their lives, in order to be able to judge which needs for transport are to be considered legitimate and which are not. The thesis shows that the individual rights to, especially, Swedish and Norwegian transport provisions are poorly protected against political decisions to cut funding. Local and regional self-governance isan interest that always competes with individual legal rights and make them weaker, irrespective of whether these rights can be appealed in administrative courts. The conclusion in the thesis highlights how a social citizenship is shaped in the law governing the right to transport for people with disabilities, and that this social citizenship does not reinforce independence and individual autonomy for those who are dependent on the various provisions tomeet their needs for transport in their everyday lives.
26
Wiid, Yvette. "The right to social security of persons with disabilities in South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4774.
Full textAbstract:
Doctor Legum - LLDIn recent years, the rights of persons with disabilities have received substantial attention both in South Africa and internationally. While certain rights have received widespread coverage, other rights have not yet been examined to determine the importance thereof for persons with disabilities and to establish the best way in which these rights can be implemented. A right which has not yet been examined in detail is the right to social protection, as guaranteed by Article 28 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Social protection involves the provision of financial support as well as certain services in order to ensure that persons with disabilities are able to participate in society on an equal basis with others. One of the essential components of the right to social protection is the provision of adequate social security for persons with disabilities. Since detailed research on the scope and content of Article 28 has not yet been undertaken, this thesis will investigate what is required of states in relation to the provision of social security in terms of Article 28 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. In addition, the current provision made for social security for persons with disabilities in South Africa will be examined and evaluated. The investigation into the current social security measures for persons with disabilities in South Africa will commence with the Constitution and proceed to a detailed examination of relevant legislation. Similar legislation and policies from other jurisdictions will also be considered in order to gauge whether any lessons may be learned from the approach taken in these jurisdictions where they differ from the South African approach.
27
Munshedzi, Thivhakoni Kingsley. "An assessment of the impact of the management of the social security system on access to services in Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1574.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2016In attacking poverty in post-apartheid South Africa, the country’s new government adopted a multiple approach focusing on building institutions and organisations on a macro regional and local level, levels to facilitate growth, reconstruction and social upliftment. In its effort to alleviate poverty and inequality, the Government of South Africa introduced a social security system. In an endeavour to address the deficiencies surrounding this system, the government has established a number of mechanisms. In order to distribute these grants to the right people in the right place, the government formed the South African Social Security Agency (SASSA). The research problem was, therefore, to find out how the management and administration of social security by SASSA is enhancing or retarding access to the services for which the agency was established to render. The aim of this study was to assess how the management and administration of the social security system impact on the accessibility of social services by those who require them. In order to achieve the aim of this study, the following objectives were addressed: how social security is managed in the Limpopo Province; to assess the impact of the management of the system on access to services; to identify possible strategies that could enhance access to social security services; and to provide recommendations based on the literature and research findings. The findings of this study was that the administration system of the South African grant system has been somewhat cumbersome for both the applicant and the administrator because the forms used for most grants are detailed and often quite technical. Furthermore, it was established that were service delivery challenges of severe staff shortages at critical operational levels where grant applications are processed and infrastructural challenges such as insufficient office space (too many staff members in a specific office) and insufficient or no connectivity at certain service delivery points. These are all organisational challenges that SASSA is facing. This research recommend that the Limpopo regional office must not only be responsible for giving information about newly enrolled recipients to the SASSA national office but the regional office should be able to complete the whole process within its offices without passing it on to the national office The research also recommends that a Monitoring and Evaluation unit must be established in regional offices. This unit will assist the management and administration of social grants in particular with improving services. This unit will visit different SASSA offices in the local municipalities on a regular basis in order to evaluate the performance of those particular offices. This will help to monitor the service delivery to the beneficiaries. Lastly, SASSA should do more research and development in consultation academic institutions or by structure within SASSA offices
28
Ackson, Tulia. "Social Security Law and Policy reform in Tanzania with reflections on the South African Experience." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4615.
Full text
29
Sivalingam, Harini. "Discourses of fear and victimization: the impact of national security legislation on the Tamil Canadian community." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32391.
Full textAbstract:
National security discourses have a significant impact on migrant, refugee and immigrant communities. This thesis will address the impact that national security legislations have on vulnerable ethnic communities using the Tamil community in Canada as a case study. In highlighting concerns about rashly buying into the dominant discourses of terrorism and security, critical insights into how laws and policies impact community groups and society as a whole will be raised by exploring the discourses of fear and victimization. In particular, two important questions will be addressed. Firstly, how does the dominant discourse on fear of terrorism in national security legislation impact on the victimization of community groups, such as Tamil-Canadians? And secondly, what methods should be employed by communities so that the cycle of fear and victimization can be broken to enable the community to act with agency and resist these dominant discourses?Les discours présenter par la Sécurité nationale ont un impact signifiant sur les itinérants, les communautés de réfugié, et immigrés. Cet exposé adressera l'impact que les législations de la sécurité nationales ont sur la vulnérabilité dans les communautés ethniques, utilisant la communauté Tamoule au Canada comme une étude de cas. En soulignant les inquiétudes concernant imprudemment accepter les discours dominants de terrorisme et de sécurité, un aperçu critiques dans comment les lois et les politiques influent les groupes de communauté et la société comme un ensemble sera élevé en explorant les discours de crainte et de persécution. En particulier, deux questions importantes seront adressées. Premièrement, comment le discours dominant sur la crainte de terrorisme dans la législation de sécurité nationale influe-t-il sur la persécution de groupes de communauté, comme Tamoul-Canadiens? Et deuxièmement, quelles méthodes devraient-ils être employés par les communautés pour que le cycle de crainte et de persécution puisse être cassé pour permettre à la communauté d'agir avec l'agence et s'opposer à ces discours dominants?
30
Weller, Charles E. "Statutory Response to Court Security Concerns." Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3608800.
Full textAbstract:
This paper proposes that legislation should be used to reduce the occurrence of courthouse violence. It begins with a review of what is known about the nature and costs of court targeted and non-targeted violence, drawing on published materials of the U.S. Marshals Service, the U.S. Secret Service, the Center for Judicial and Executive Security, and others. Previously unpublished materials are also reported. Court security efforts made in response to the violence are described. In the absence of empirical studies of the effectiveness of court security laws, the paper suggests that theories of criminology be used as guides for assessing the effectiveness of existing legislation and formulating new legislation. Criminological theories, including classical theory, rational choice theory, strain theory, and routine activity theory are discussed as models appropriate for use in evaluating court security legislation. Existing state and federal laws on paper terrorism, including false liens and U.C.C. filings; address confidentiality programs; and enhanced punishments for crimes against those involved in the judicial process are described, catalogued, and analyzed.
31
Kgatla, Itumeleng Peter. "Social security and retirement reforms in South Africa : prospects and challenges." Thesis, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1114.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (LLM. (Development and Management Law)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013This mini-dissertation discusses South African social security and retirement reforms that will be used as guidelines towards promulgation of the new Pension Funds Act which will incorporate both private and public pensions. These proposals have been highlighted in the Retirement Reform Discussion Paper issued by National Treasury in 2004 and the Social Security and Retirement Reform paper, issued by both National Treasury and Department of Social Development, 2007. Further, the recent discussion papers entitled ‘Strengthening Retirement Savings and a Safer Financial Sector to Serve South Africa Better’ published in 2011 and 2012 respectively have strengthened social security and retirement reforms debate in South Africa. This mini-dissertation will incorporate both social security and retirement reforms.
32
Cook, Geoffrey Stephen. "The development of social security in Ireland (before and after independence) 1838-1990." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319908.
Full text
33
Nolan, Renee H. "Uncovering the Keys of Success In The Utah Medicaid Work Incentive Program: A Grounded Theory Study." DigitalCommons@USU, 2006. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6236.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this grounded theory research was to determine what differentiates people with disabilities who leave Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits due to increased income from those who cannot. Fifteen individuals, former and current participants in a Medicaid Buy-In program, were interviewed. Within the context of health and disability, four theoretical propositions were identified: education, opportunity to work, interpersonal support, and secure housing. Higher benefit levels were also found to be an effective barrier for many.
34
Woods, Kimberlee. "A Study of School Social Worker Involvement with Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act in Georgia Public Schools." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2019. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cauetds/183.
Full textAbstract:
This study explored the level of involvement of school social workers in the 504-Plan process as it relates to the administrative culture of school administrators, collaboration with school personnel, training on the 504-Plan process, and finally knowledge of Section 504. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder affects over six-million children in the world today that may benefit from the use of a 504-Plan.
A total of 147 school social workers participated in this study. A self-administered survey was used, and data analysis was conducted on two levels: descriptive which employed frequency and percent distributions of respondents and analytical procedures. The Kruskal-Wallis H test utilized for this study which indicated a statistically significant relationship which rejected the null hypotheses of all four research questions. A second test was then performed, Mann Whitney U test, to determine where the significance of the hypotheses lied.
Findings revealed that overall there is a low level of involvement of school social workers in the 504-Plan process of 64.8%. Twenty-nine and a third percent reported a moderate level of involvement. There was a low to moderate level of administrative culture, moderate level of collaboration, training and knowledge among the school social workers.
35
Kelly, Gabrielle Gita. "Biological citizenship in Blikkiesdorp : the case of the disability grant." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71632.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis examines local understandings and use of the Disability Grant in The Symphony Way Temporary Relocation Area, locally referred to as Blikkiesdorp (tin can town). The study takes an ethnographic approach and focuses particularly on a group of people accessing or seeking to access Disability Grants who formed a support group as a result of the study. Findings reveal that in a context of social and economic marginalisation, there is a high reliance on government grants for survival and a particularly high demand for Disability Grants by the unemployed in Blikkiesdorp. As social assistance in South Africa is categorically targeted at particular vulnerable groups, the majority of the unemployed of working age are not eligible for social assistance. As a result, Disability Grant recipients face significant pressure from their households and the community at large to share their grants with those who cannot find unemployment but are not catered to by the social security system. It also means that disability or illness is often valued over health. Given the use of the Disability Grant as a livelihood strategy within households and the related importance of Disability Grants to individuals and families, those who receive their grants on a temporary basis engage in a struggle to reapply for grants through performances of disability and humanitarian appeals to medical doctors who, as a result, are not only burdened by high numbers of grant applications, but also pressured to make decisions that go beyond their role as medical professionals. The analysis draws on the concept of biological citizenship to explore the relationship created between illness or disability of the bodies of marginalised citizens and the potential to access to social citizenship rights, enabled through the receipt of the Disability Grant.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek aan die hand van ʼn etnografiese benadering plaaslike begrippe en gebruike van die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag in Die Simfonieweg Tydelike Hervestigingsgebied, plaaslik bekend as Blikkiesdorp. Die studie fokus op ʼn groep mense wat die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag ontvang of probeer om daartoe toegang te verkry en wat as gevolg van hul deelname aan die studie, ʼn ondersteuningsgroep gevorm het. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat in ʼn konteks van maatskaplike en ekonomiese marginalisering, daar vir oorlewing tot ʼn groot mate op staatstoelaes staatgemaak word en dat daar spesifiek onder werkloses in Blikkiesdorp ʼn groot aanvraag vir die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag is. Maatskaplike ondersteuning in Suid-Afrika word op spesifieke kategorieë kwesbare groepe gerig en die meerderheid werkloses kwalifiseer nie vir maatskaplike ondersteuning nie. Om die rede verkeer die ontvangers van die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag onder besondere druk van lede van hul huishouding en ook van ander gemeenskapslede om hul toelae te deel met werkloses wat nie deur die maatskaplike sekuriteitsisteem gedek word nie. In dié konteks gebeur dit dikwels dat ongeskiktheid of siekte bo gesondheid van waarde geag word. As gevolg van die belangrikheid van die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag vir individue en hul gesinne is diegene wat hierdie toelaag op ʼn tydelike basis ontvang, betrokke in ʼn stryd om heraansoek deur die voorstelling van ongeskiktheid teenoor en humanitêre beroepe op mediese beroepslui. Hierdie beroepslui word derhalwe nie slegs belas met ʼn groot aantal aansoeke nie, maar verkeer ook onder druk om besluite te neem wat verder as hul rol as medici strek. Die konsep biologiese burgerskap word gebruik om die verband wat geskep word tussen siekte of ongeskiktheid van die liggame van gemarginaliseerde burgers en die potensiaal vir toegang tot maatskaplike burgerskapsregte deur die ontvangs van die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag, te ontleed.
36
Elorza, Guerrero Fernando. "Law and collective bargaining on retirement in Spain." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116672.
Full textAbstract:
The process of legislative reform driven in Spain since 2010 within the framework of the economic crisis that is plaguing the country, has touched in a significant effect on the legal regime of the retirement. Institution which is not outside to the reform of the legal regime of collective bargaining, which, in parallel, has been practiced in these years. In this sense, the adoption of legislative measures in favor of the prolongation of the active life of the workers and the increase in retirement age, has coincided in time with the promotion of legal enterprise collective bargaining, by declaring its applicative preference. To analyze these issues is dedicated this article, in which, on the other hand, it highlights the lack of a credible legislative action in favor of the development of complementary social protection in the area of retirement.El proceso de reformas legislativas impulsadas en España desde 2010, en el marco de la crisis económica que asola al país, ha incidido de forma significativa sobre el régimen jurídico de la jubilación. A esta institución tampoco es ajena la reforma del régimen jurídico de la negociación colectiva que, paralelamente, se ha practicado en estos años. En este sentido, la adopción de medidas legislativas en favor de la prolongación de la vida activa de los trabajadores y el incremento de la edad de jubilación ha coincidido en el tiempo con la promoción legal de la negociación colectiva de empresa, mediante la declaración de su preferencia aplicativa. Al análisis de estas cuestiones se dedica el presente artículo, en el que, por otra parte, se destaca la falta de una acción legislativa creíble en favor del desarrollo de la protección social complementaria en materia de jubilación.
37
Kelly, Sue. "Ruling on cohabitation : a critical study of the cohabitation rule in UK social security law." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29192.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis demonstrates that the cohabitation rule in UK law rests on questionable assumptions about financial support and on an unreliable adjudication procedure. It is out-of-step with private law constructions of the obligations of cohabitants and with modern relationship aspirations. It continues to discriminate against women with children, forcing many of them into financial dependence on a male breadwinner who may or may not be willing or able to provide the financial support they need. It is hoped that the thesis will reignite a debate which seemed to fizzle out in the 1970s, by re-examining the underlying assumptions which support arguments for retaining the rule. The thesis includes an empirical exploration of the contexts in which couples cohabit and sometimes lie about their relationships. This empirical evidence challenges assumptions about cohabitation and its concomitant obligations which underlie arguments used to defend the rule. The insights it generates undermine the basis of cohabitation rule fraud; suggest a different understanding of the value of lone parent status from that favoured by governments and raise serious questions about conflicting and inappropriate constructions of child support obligations. The thesis seeks to investigate three research questions: How can cohabitants’ attitudes and behaviour in relation to money, be understood? How should ‘cohabitation’ be understood? Does the retention of the cohabitation rule in UK social security law have any social costs? Answers to these questions are based on interviews with 20 participants in the UK, who were or had been affected by the cohabitation rule, and 8 participants in Denmark, who were or had been affected by the reelt enlig or really single rule. The small comparative element of the study provides a different lens through which to view the cohabitation rule. The comparison enables me to argue for a different approach to social security for families which respects the rights of individual family members and reflects the value of parenting rather than breadwinner status. The thesis discusses the wider implications of the study for family policy and concludes that there are significant problems with any form of non-contractual regulation of personal obligations.
38
Kanyongolo, Ngeyi Ruth. "Social security and women in Malawi : a legal discourse on solidarity of care." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1152/.
Full textAbstract:
Increasing levels of poverty and social exclusion in Africa, and Malawi in particular, have heightened interest in social security with varying proposals for refonn. Feminist scholarship highlights how women experience social security differently. However, debates on refonn have not fully engaged with how social security can reflect the needs of women in a context of plural and competing legal discourses, nonns and values. This thesis investigates the interplay between nonns and values and the lived realities of women in social security from a feminist and radical legal pluralist perspective. It uses predominantly qualitative data from a case study of women in Zomba, Malawi, based on grounded theory complemented by discourse analysis and appreciative inquiry. This study found that women's specific risks and the disproportionately adverse impact of general risks on women are in the majority of cases marginalised due to struggles for resources and power. Plural social responses at family, community, market and state levels reflect this marginalisation. Dominant legal discourses in these institutions devalue non - material disruptions of life mainly related to care practices. This weakens solidarity and results in social insecurity for the majority of women. The marginalisation is further reinforced by dominant conceptions of umunthu and human rights which obscure the disparities in solidarity and care. At the same time, there is practical resistance to the dominant discourse using idioms of jenda and substantive complementarity being generated within the same or modified regulatory institutions. These practices are creating a gap which IS precipitating the changes aspired by women. The changes include increased access to both material and non-material resources and sharing of care within and between the family, community, market and the state. This reflects solidarity of care. The thesis argues that, social security systems should be underpinned by a legal discourse of solidarity of care in order to improve women's social security.
39
Mineiro, Michael. "The dilemma of national security and international cooperation in outer space: space technology trade and proliferation controls and their impact on global civil space cooperation." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103692.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis space technology trade and proliferation controls are analyzed, focusing on two substantive issues that illustrate the challenges and opportunities of reform. The first substantive issue examined is the challenge of domestic law and policy reform in light of international regulatory divergence. This issue is examined through a case study of the U.S. commercial communication satellite export control regime. The second issue is the international implications of space technology trade and proliferation control on global civil space cooperation. The unifying demonstration of this doctoral thesis is that States operate in an international legal system that perpetuates a self-justified security dilemma whose basis originates in the sovereign legal right of States to produce, procure, and maintain space technologies of a military nature. As a result, the international legal system governing space technology trade and proliferation creates a tension between perceived national security needs and the benefits of global cooperation.Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude des contrôles du commerce et de la prolifération de la technologie spatiale. Elle se concentre sur deux questions majeures illustrant d'une part les défis que poseraient une future réforme et d'autre part les perspectives que cette dernière serait susceptible d'ouvrir. La première question examinée est le défi posé par une réforme de la politique et du droit interne au regard de la diversité de la règlementation internationale. Elle est abordée à travers une étude de cas portant sur le régime américain de contrôle des exportations de satellites de communication. La seconde question concerne les conséquences internationales induites par le contrôle du commerce et de la prolifération de la technologie spatiale sur la coopération spatiale civile mondiale. Cette thèse vise à démontrer que les Etats opèrent dans un système juridique international qui entretient un dilemme sécuritaire auto-justifié provenant du droit international des Etats à produire, acquérir et entretenir des technologies spatiales d'ordre militaire. Par conséquent, le système juridique international gouvernant le commerce et la prolifération de la technologie spatiale génère une tension entre les besoins de sécurité nationale tels qu'ils sont perçus et les bénéfices d'une coopération mondiale.
40
Eadens, Danielle M. "Police officers' perceptions regarding persons with mental retardation." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002498.
Full text
41
Wiel-Rammeloo, Dominique Virginia. "De dienstbetrekking in drievoud : het bereik in arbeidsrecht, fiscaal recht en socialeverzekeringsrecht = Employment in triplicate : its scope in labour law, tax law and social security law /." Rotterdam : Kluwer, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000256260.
Full text
42
Clough, Beverley. "Exploring the potential of relational approaches to mental capacity law." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exploring-the-potential-of-relational-approaches-to-mental-capacity-law(5054a274-bf7c-46e7-92ff-6c3fa665559a).html.
Full textAbstract:
The Mental Capacity Act 2005, and the domestic law surrounding it, is currently in a state of instability, having undergone rigorous scrutiny by the House of Lords Select Committee. At an international level, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006 has cast substantial doubt over the very basis of this legal framework. The recommendations made by the Select Committee, and any resulting action by the government to address these, will be hoped to have an impact on the implementation of the legislation on those falling within its remit. On a deeper level, however, this thesis seeks to critically engage with the theoretical underpinnings which inform and guide this legislative framework. This entails a questioning of the ways in which those with disabilities and their carers are responded to under the statute. Exploring the theoretical debates in this context leads to a conclusion that the Act promulgates an individualistic approach to the concept of mental capacity, and does not adequately reflect the reality and lived experiences of those deemed to lack capacity or their informal carers. The papers in this thesis interrogate these issues through a focus on three distinct areas- carers interests under the best interests test; the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards though a social model lens; and capacity to consent to sex. In doing so, this thesis suggests that more relationally and contextually focused approaches can inform a legal framework which is attentive and responsive to the interwoven interests of those with cognitive impairments and their carers, and which facilitates the enjoyment of rights through a focus on the societal, structural and institutional barriers which have historically worked to exclude these individuals.
43
Neckles, Leander. "The effectiveness of the race and disability public sector equality duties as positive legal duties and legal accountability tools." Thesis, Edge Hill University, 2015. http://repository.edgehill.ac.uk/6978/.
Full textAbstract:
The modern public sector equality duties (PSEDs) have been described as positive duties, ground-breaking and transformative. Described in these terms because the pseds partly addressed limitations in anti-discrimination laws by placing designated public bodies, and others exercising public functions, under a legal obligation to proactively consider various equality aims. The duties were introduced in England, Scotland and Wales between 2001 and 2011. This thesis investigates the Race Equality Duty, the Disability Equality Duty and related provisions in the Public Sector Equality Duty. It provides an interdisciplinary, socio-legal analysis of these pseds by investigating two interrelated research questions: 1) Have the race and disability equality duties been effective positive legal duties and legal public accountability tools? 2) Does Scheingold’s theory of the Politics of Rights add to our understanding of the constraints on the potential impact of positive legal duties in advancing equality? This study makes a unique contribution to the literature by analysing: the justiciability of the pseds and their effectiveness as legal tools to hold public bodies to account; the outcomes of substantive race and disability public sector equality duties (pseds) judicial review judgments; and the significance of the roles played by cause lawyers, community activism and legal empowerment in extending the race and disability pseds’ reach and impact. The unique contribution made to the literature is augmented by the inclusion in this thesis of a socio-political analysis of the impact on these pseds of major changes in the UK’s anti-discrimination framework, equality laws and developments in relation to immigration, community cohesion, integration and austerity over the last fifty years.
44
Botha, Marius. "Emerging trends in the South African financial merchanisms of disability protection." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18177.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the South African financial mechanisms of protection available to people with disabilities, and to project possible future trends in providing these levels of cover. Alternative future scenarios that could pan out over the long-term are sketched to help understand the various external factors that could have an impact on disability risk protection in South Africa. The main classifications of the various benefits are split into social assistance and social insurance measures. The future landscape for each is explored by reviewing the associated social security and private insurance reforms currently envisaged. A key expected driver of private insurance reform is the introduction of a formal contributory system of social security in South Africa. The provision of disability cover in such a system is reviewed separately through proposals for a new mandatory system of retirement and risk benefit management in the country. Recommendations for a more coherent framework amongst the various mechanisms of disability protection and their designs are made. This is done within the context of the social model of disability that has developed in recent years.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie verslag gee ‘n oorsig van die Suid-Afrikaanse finansiële beskermings meganismes wat beskikbaar is vir mense met gestremdhede. Dit lig veral moontlike tendense vir die toekoms van sulke vorme van ongeskiktheids-dekking uit deur sekere vooruitskattings te maak. Daar is verskeie maniere waarop hierdie, en moontlik nuwe, meganismes kan ontwikkel met tyd. Dit is belangrik om te verstaan hoe sekere omgewingsfaktore ‘n rol speel in die bestuur van ongeskiktheids risiko’s. Die verslag klassifiseer die meganismes in twee kategorieë, staatstoelae en privaat versekerings-voordele. Ondersoek word ingestel na die toekomstige ontwikkeling van hierdie voordele deur huidige hervormings te oorweeg. Een van hierdie hervormings wat tot grootskaalse verandering kan lei is die inwerkingstelling van ’n nasionale pensionfonds waartoe alle Suid-Afrikaners verpligte bydraes sal maak. Die meriete van die verskaffing van ’n ongeskiktheidsvoordeel deur so ’n fonds word onder andere ondersoek. Voorstelle vir ‘n beter samehangende raamwerk waarbinne die reeks voordele verskaf kan word, word ook gemaak. Die algemene tendens vir ’n meer sosiale inslag in die ontleding van gestremdheid gee ’n bepaalde konteks aan die debat.
45
Beaudry, Jonas-Sébastien. "Can social contract theory fully account for the moral status of profoundly mentally disabled people?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7ec42c39-8ee1-470c-b107-8625c97f610a.
Full textAbstract:
My hypothesis is that social contract theory does not satisfactorily explain why we owe a serious concern or respect to profoundly mentally disabled individuals (PMD). This is a problem for social contract theories if we assume, like I do in this dissertation, that the PMD possess a robust moral status (RMS). My dissertation will explore the main strategies deployed by contractarian and contractualist theorists to bring the PMD within the purview of the social contract, in order to clarify why some aspects of their claims are promising but why they nonetheless fail to fully explain the robust moral status of the PMD. I notably find that they leave morally important dimensions of human relations out of the contractual frame, which means that they exclude the PMD from the scope of justice and morality when they claim that this contractual frame offers the only valid explanation to be a subject of justice and a moral patient. I do not conclude that this requires us to reject social contract theory altogether, nor do I count it as a reason to question whether the PMD have a robust moral status. In my concluding chapter, I will rather suggest a theoretical frame that has the potential of incorporating both contractual and non-contractual relations within the spheres of morality and justice, because both kinds of relation vehicle important intuitions about what is of value in human life. This dissertation will contribute to orientate future research on the moral and political grounds for the rights of profoundly mentally disabled people, as well as question or curtail the breadth of certain key assumptions of social contract theories.
46
Wennberg, Lena. "Social security for solo mothers in Swedish and EU law : on the constructions of normality and the boundaries of social citizenship." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Iustus, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1904.
Full text
47
Matotoka, Motlhatlego Dennis. "Section 37C of the Pension Funds Act, 24 of 1956 : a social security measure to escape destitution." Thesis, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1102.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (LLM. (Labour Law)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013The study will analyse section 37C of the Pension Funds Act, 24 of 1956. This section limits the deceased’s freedom of testate by placing the death benefits and the control of the board of trustees who are tasked to distribute such benefits equitably among the dependants and nominees of the deceased. Section 37C of the Act was enacted to protect dependency by ensuring that the dependants of the deceased are not left in destitute. In order to achieve this, three duties are placed on the board of trustees namely, to identify the dependants and nominees of the deceased member; to effect an equitable distribution of the benefit among the beneficiaries; and to determine an appropriate mode of payment. This section sees to all the interest of the dependants without discriminating consequently there are three classes of dependants that are created under section 37C namely; legal dependants, non-legal dependants, and future dependants.
48
Söderholm, Anna. "The experience of living with sensory hyperreactivity (SHR) : Accessibility, financial security and social relationships." Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Department of Health Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-11280.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to illuminate how individuals living with SHR, experience its impact on accessibility, financial security and social relationships.
Method: A qualitative approach was used. The participants were recruited by advertising on the website for “The network for people with odor intolerance”. The data was collected by written descritive texts from the participants and analysed with qualitative content analysis.
Results: The results showed that the informants experienced an extensive lack of accessibility in society. It was difficult to move around in society, to visit public buildings and facilities and it was almost impossible to find a suitable place to live. Regarding financial security they had a reduced income due to difficulties to earn their living in combination with increased expenses because of the disease and they had difficulties to get the support they needed from authorities. This created an insecure financial situation. Further, the findings showed that their social relationships had been affected. Socializing with others had become hard and troublesome, they had become limited in doing social activities and they got support from some but these persons became limited. Six themes permeated the categories in all three content areas: “Being limited”, “Being forced to behave incompatible with your true personality”, “Experiencing a lack of understanding and respect from others”, “Experiencing insecurity”, “Being dependent on others” and “Being forced to choose between the plague and cholera”.
Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att belysa hur individer som lever med sensorisk hyperreaktivitet (SHR) upplever dess påverkan på tillgänglighet, ekonomisk trygghet och sociala relationer.
Metod: Kvalitativ metod användes och deltagarna rekryterades via Internet genom annonsering på nätverket för doftöverkänsligas hemsida. Datainsamlingen skedde genom skrivna berättelser från deltagarna och data analyserades sedan med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.
Resultat: Resultatet visade att informanterna upplevde en omfattande brist på tillgänglighet i samhället. Det var svårt att röra sig i samhället, att besöka offentliga lokaler och inrättningar samt att det var nästan omöjligt att hitta en lämplig bostad. Deras ekonomiska trygghet var påverkad genom att de hade minskad inkomst på grund av svårigheter att försörja sig i kombination med ökade utgifter orsakade av sjukdomen samt att de hade svårigheter att få det stöd de behövde från myndigheter. Detta skapade en otrygg ekonomisk situation. Deras sociala relationer hade blivit påverkade av sjukdomen. Att umgås med andra hade blivit jobbigt och besvärligt, deras sociala aktiviteter hade blivit begränsade och de fick stöd av vissa men dessa personer blev då begränsade. Sex teman genomsyrade kategorierna i alla tre innehållsområdena: "Vara begränsad", "Vara tvungen att bete sig oförenligt med sin rätta personlighet", "Uppleva brist på förståelse och respekt från andra", "Uppleva otrygghet", "Vara beroende av andra" och "Vara tvungen att välja mellan pest eller kolera"
49
Ahlgren, Åsa. "Vocational rehabilitation, work resumption and disability pension : a register-study of cases granted vocational rehabilitation by social insurance offices in a Swedish county /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-659-X/.
Full text
50
McConnell, Clare Marie. "The Social Security Advisory Committee : a study of the role of the SSAC in the law-making process." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259515.
Full text