Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Directional probes'
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1
Gelaye, Ababu A. "UPSCALING OF A THERMAL EVOLUTION EXPERIMENT ON SHREDDED-TIRE MONOFILLS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1512762530668535.
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2
O'Gorman, William Thomas. "Development of a directional flow probe for the hypersonic regime." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq29370.pdf.
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3
Jackson, Laura Elizabeth. "The Directional p-Median Problem with Applications to Traffic Quantization and Multiprocessor Scheduling." NCSU, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11052003-111956/.
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An instance of a p-median problem gives n demand points. The objective is to locate p supply points in order to minimize the total distance of the demand points to their nearest supply point. P-median is polynomially solvable in one dimension but NP-hard in two or more dimensions, when either the Euclidean or the rectilinear distance measure is used. In this thesis, we treat the p-median problem under a new distance measure, the directional rectilinear distance, which requires the nearest supply point for a given demand point to lie above and to the right of it. This restriction has applications to multiprocessor scheduling of periodic tasks as well as to traffic quantization and Quality of Service scheduling in packet-switched computer networks. We show that the directional p-median problem is polynomially solvable in one dimension and give two algorithms. We prove the problem NP-hard in two or more dimensions and then present an efficient heuristic to solve it. Compared to the robust Teitz and Bart heuristic for p-median, our heuristic enjoys substantial speedup while sacrificing little in terms of solution quality, making it an ideal choice for our target applications with thousands of demand points.
4
Jonsson, B. Lars G. "Directional Decomposition in Anisotropic Heterogeneous Media for Acoustic and Electromagnetic Fields." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Tekniska högsk, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3099.
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Ahmad, Iftikhar [Verfasser], and Günter [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt. "Analysis of algorithms for online uni-directional conversion problems / Iftikhar Ahmad. Betreuer: Günter Schmidt." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1053679491/34.
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6
Kunemund, Rachel. "TEACHER-CHILD RELATIONSHIPS, INTERACTIONS, AND PROBLEM BEHAVIOR: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS EXAMINING BI-DIRECTIONAL ASSOCIATIONS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5979.
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A number of preschool children engage in consistent problem behaviors that place them at-risk for developing emotional and behavioral disorders. These problem behaviors have been associated with poorer short and long-term outcomes for young children. Teacher-child relationships (i.e. conflict and closeness) and positive interactions between teachers and children may be reciprocally associated with problem behavior (e.g. teacher-child closeness reducing problem behavior). The purpose of this study was to explore the longitudinal bi-directional relations between teacher-child relationships, teacher-child interactions, and problem behavior over a single school year. Using a cross-lagged panel model, data from a larger randomized control trial of the BEST in CLASS program, was examined across three time points, and differences based on intervention participation were examined. Results indicated that there were far fewer paths in the business as usual group compared to the BEST in CLASS group. As expected, in the comparison group, problem behavior at Time 1 predicted lower levels of closeness at Time 2, however, this relation was not significant in the BEST in CLASS group. In the BEST in CLASS model problem behavior at Time 1 negatively predicted Time 2 positive interactions and there was a cross-lagged association with problem behavior at Time 1 predicting higher levels of conflict at Time, which in turn predicted higher levels of problem behavior at Time 3. Additional findings, limitations and implications for intervention work, practice, and policy are discussed.
7
Al-Wali, Azzam Ahmad. "Explicit alternating direction methods for problems in fluid dynamics." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1994. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6840.
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Recently an iterative method was formulated employing a new splitting strategy for the solution of tridiagonal systems of difference equations. The method was successful in solving the systems of equations arising from one dimensional initial boundary value problems, and a theoretical analysis for proving the convergence of the method for systems whose constituent matrices are positive definite was presented by Evans and Sahimi [22]. The method was known as the Alternating Group Explicit (AGE) method and is referred to as AGE-1D. The explicit nature of the method meant that its implementation on parallel machines can be very promising. The method was also extended to solve systems arising from two and three dimensional initial-boundary value problems, but the AGE-2D and AGE-3D algorithms proved to be too demanding in computational cost which largely reduces the advantages of its parallel nature. In this thesis, further theoretical analyses and experimental studies are pursued to establish the convergence and suitability of the AGE-1D method to a wider class of systems arising from univariate and multivariate differential equations with symmetric and non symmetric difference operators. Also the possibility of a Chebyshev acceleration of the AGE-1D algorithm is considered. For two and three dimensional problems it is proposed to couple the use of the AGE-1D algorithm with an ADI scheme or an ADI iterative method in what is called the Explicit Alternating Direction (EAD) method. It is then shown through experimental results that the EAD method retains the parallel features of the AGE method and moreover leads to savings of up to 83 % in the computational cost for solving some of the model problems. The thesis also includes applications of the AGE-1D algorithm and the EAD method to solve some problems of fluid dynamics such as the linearized Shallow Water equations, and the Navier Stokes' equations for the flow in an idealized one dimensional Planetary Boundary Layer. The thesis terminates with conclusions and suggestions for further work together with a comprehensive bibliography and an appendix containing some selected programs.
8
Kemin, O. "The main problems and development directions of nontraditional banking services." Thesis, Ukrainian Academy of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61282.
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Shao, Meiyu, A. O. Bieliatynskyi, and V. M. Pershаkov. "Existing problems and development direction of green airport in China." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/52916.
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With the increasingly obvious constraints on resources and environment, while
providing safety and high-quality services, Chinese civil airports strive to reduce the
impact on the ecological environment. This article elaborates on the primary issues
that need to be resolved in the process of China's green airport construction and
explains the future development direction
10
Mitradjieva-Daneva, Maria. "Feasible Direction Methods for Constrained Nonlinear Optimization : Suggestions for Improvements." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Department of Mathematics, Linköping University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8811.
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11
Auepanwiriyakul, Raweewan. "Inheritance Problems in Object-Oriented Database." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330898/.
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This research is concerned with inheritance as used in object-oriented database. More specifically, partial bi-directional inheritance among classes is examined. In partial inheritance, a class can inherit a proper subset of instance variables from another class. Two subclasses of the same superclass do not need to inherit the same proper subset of instance variables from their superclass. Bi-directional partial inheritance allows a class to inherit instance variables from its subclass. The prototype of an object-oriented database that supports both full and partial bi-directional inheritance among classes was developed on top of an existing relational database management system. The prototype was tested with two database applications. One database application needs full and partial inheritance. The second database application required bi-directional inheritance. The result of this testing suggests both advantages and disadvantages of partial bi-directional inheritance. Future areas of research are also suggested.
12
FAMEGA, CHRISTINE NATALIE. "DISCRETION OR DIRECTION?: AN ANALYSIS OF PATROL OFFICER DOWNTIME." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1057691086.
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13
Ferreira, Filho Milton Pinto. "Fast high-resolution techniques applied to the Direction of Arrival (DOA) of signals problem." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School; Available from the National Technical Information Service, 1992. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/1992/Sep/92Sep_Ferreira.pdf.
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14
Alonso, Nicomedes III. "An alternating-direction Sinc-Galerkin method for elliptic problems on finite and infinite domains." Diss., Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/alonso/AlonsoN0509.pdf.
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Alternating-Direction Implicit (ADI) schemes are a class of very efficient algorithms for the numerical solution of differential equations. Sinc-Galerkin schemes employ a sinc basis to produce exponentially accurate approximate solutions to differential equations even in the presence of singularities. In this dissertation we begin with a broad overview of sinc methods for problems posed on both finite and infinite, one- and two-dimensional domains. We then present a variety of finite difference methods that lead to the introduction of a new Alternating-Direction Sinc-Galerkin scheme based on the classic ADI scheme for a linear matrix system. We note that when a Sinc-Galerkin method is used to solve a Poisson equation, the resulting matrix system is a Sylvester equation. We discuss ADI model problems in general and then prove that when a symmetric Sinc-Galerkin method is employed, the resulting Sylvester equation can be classified as an ADI model problem. Finally, we derive our Alternating-Direction Sinc-Galerkin (ADSG) method to solve this resulting Sylvester equation, specifying the use of a constant iteration parameter to avoid costly eigen-value computations. We end by applying ADSG to a variety of problems, comparing its performance to the standard technique that uses the Kronecker product, the Kronecker sum, and the concatenation operator.
15
Gretsistas, Aris. "Sparse representations & compressed sensing with application to the problem of direction-of-arrival estimation." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8463.
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The significance of sparse representations has been highlighted in numerous signal processing applications ranging from denoising to source separation and the emerging field of compressed sensing has provided new theoretical insights into the problem of inverse systems with sparsity constraints. In this thesis, these advances are exploited in order to tackle the problem of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in sensor arrays. Assuming spatial sparsity e.g. few sources impinging on the array, the problem of DOA estimation is formulated as a sparse representation problem in an overcomplete basis. The resulting inverse problem can be solved using typical sparse recovery methods based on convex optimization i.e. `1 minimization. However, in this work a suite of novel sparse recovery algorithms is initially developed, which reduce the computational cost and yield approximate solutions. Moreover, the proposed algorithms of Polytope Faces Pursuits (PFP) allow for the induction of structured sparsity models on the signal of interest, which can be quite beneficial when dealing with multi-channel data acquired by sensor arrays, as it further reduces the complexity and provides performance gain under certain conditions. Regarding the DOA estimation problem, experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods outperform popular subspace based methods such as the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm in the case of rank-deficient data (e.g. presence of highly correlated sources or limited amount of data) for both narrowband and wideband sources. In the wideband scenario, they can also suppress the undesirable effects of spatial aliasing. However, DOA estimation with sparsity constraints has its limitations. The compressed sensing requirement of incoherent dictionaries for robust recovery sets limits to the resolution capabilities of the proposed method. On the other hand, the unknown parameters are continuous and therefore if the true DOAs do not belong to the predefined discrete set of potential locations the algorithms' performance will degrade due to errors caused by mismatches. To overcome this limitation, an iterative alternating descent algorithm for the problem of off-grid DOA estimation is proposed that alternates between sparse recovery and dictionary update estimates. Simulations clearly illustrate the performance gain of the algorithm over the conventional sparsity approach and other existing off-grid DOA estimation algorithms.
16
Gu, Yan. "STUDIES ON ALTERNATING DIRECTION METHOD OF MULTIPLIERS WITH ADAPTIVE PROXIMAL TERMS FOR CONVEX OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/259758.
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Tsung, Chang Che. "Investigation on a change in response direction of Ga doped ZnO nanoparticles resistive sensors on exposure to NO." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-80111.
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Semiconductor-based gas sensors have been used for a wide range of applications over the last few decades. In this thesis, sensing properties of pure ZnO and Ga doped ZnO are investigated. There are three types of tested gas species, H2, O2 and NO, and three test temperatures, 300oC, 400oC and 500oC. After measurements of response to exposure to H2 and O2, it is concluded that Ga doped ZnO and ZnO are both n-type metal oxides. In measurements of NO, two test conditions were considered, the case with background O2 (10%) in the gas flow and the case without background O2. NO can be oxidized to NO2 or reduced to N2 and O2. The resistance of Ga doped ZnO and ZnO sensors always decreases for all exposures to NO except for the case in which the Ga doped ZnO sensor was exposed to NO in a background of O2 at 500 oC. In this special case, the resistance of Ga doped ZnO actually increases during exposure to low concentrations of NO (< 30 ppm). It is not clear whether the change in response direction is due to an n-p transition or different reactions between gas molecules and Ga doped ZnO. Work function measurements were therefore conducted to understand more about the electron transfer during gas exposure. The work function measurements suggest that there are probably several stages of interactions between gas molecules and Ga doped ZnO during each gas pulse exposure.
18
Högdahl, Johan. "Conditional steepest descent directions over Cartesian product sets : With application to the Frank-Wolfe method." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Optimeringslära, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-123730.
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We derive a technique for scaling the search directions of feasible direction methods when applied to optimization problems over Cartesian product sets. It is proved that when the scaling is included in a convergent feasible direction method, also the new method will be convergent. The scaling technique is applied to the Frank-Wolfe method, the partanized Frank-Wolfe method and a heuristic Frank-Wolfe method. The performance of these algorithms with and without scaling is evaluated on the stochastic transportation problem. It is found that the scaling technique has the ability to improve the performance of some methods. In particular we observed a huge improvement in the performance of the partanized Frank-Wolfe method, especially when the scaling is used together with an exact line search and when the number of sets in the Cartesian product is large.
19
Aleksanyan, Hayk. "Periodic homogenization of Dirichlet problem for divergence type elliptic operators." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15958.
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The thesis studies homogenization of Dirichlet boundary value problems for divergence type elliptic operators, and the associated boundary layer issues. This type of problems for operators with periodically oscillating coeffcients, and fixed boundary data are by now a classical topic largely due to the celebrated work by Avellaneda and Lin from late 80's. The case when the operator and the Dirichlet boundary data exhibit periodic oscillations simultaneously was a longstanding open problem, and a progress in this direction has been achieved only very recently, in 2012, by Gerard-Varet and Masmoudi who proved a homogenization result for the simultaneously oscillating case with an algebraic rate of convergence in L2. Aimed at understanding the homogenization process of oscillating boundary data, in the first part of the thesis we introduce and develop Fourier-analytic ideas into the study of homogenization of Dirichlet boundary value problems for elliptic operators in divergence form. In smooth and bounded domains, for fixed operator and periodically oscillating boundary data we prove pointwise, as well as Lp convergence results the homogenization problem. We then investigate the optimality (sharpness) of our Lp upper bounds. Next, for the above mentioned simultaneously oscillating problem studied by Gerard-Varet and Masmoudi, we establish optimal Lp bounds for homogenization in some class of operators. For domains with non smooth boundary, we study similar boundary value homogenization problems for scalar equations set in convex polygonal domains. In the vein of smooth boundaries, here as well for problems with fixed operator and oscillating Dirichlet data we prove pointwise, and Lp convergence results, and study the optimality of our Lp bounds. Although the statements are somewhat similar with the smooth setting, challenges for this case are completely different due to a radical change in the geometry of the domain. The second part of the work is concerned with the analysis of boundary layers arising in periodic homogenization. A key difficulty toward the homogenization of Dirichlet problem for elliptic systems in divergence form with periodically oscillating coefficients and boundary condition lies in identification of the limiting Dirichlet data corresponding to the effective problem. This question has been addressed in the aforementioned work by Gerard-Varet and Masmoudi on the way of proving their main homogenization result. Despite the progress in this direction, some very basic questions remain unanswered, for instance the regularity of this effective data on the boundary. This issue is directly linked with the up to the boundary regularity of homogenized solutions, but perhaps more importantly has a potential to cast light on the homogenization process. We initiate the study of this regularity problem, and prove certain Lipschitz continuity result. The work also comprises a study on asymptotic behaviour of solutions to boundary layer systems set in halfspaces. By a new construction we show that depending on the normal direction of the hyperplane, convergence of the solutions toward their tails far away from the boundaries can be arbitrarily slow. This last result, combined with the previous studies gives an almost complete picture of the situation.
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Vorlická, Adéla. "Zvýšení efektivity pracoviště pro výrobu obalů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222236.
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This diploma thesis deals with a proposal to increase the efficiency of package production in SERVISBAL OBALY s.r.o. company. The aim of the solution is to suggest methods for the production capacity improvement on the RODA Super-Combi 130 electronic unit and to inform about other production improving techniques.
21
Kokten, Selen. "Bounding Procedures On Bi-directional Labeling Algorithm Of Time Dependent Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows In Branch-and-cut-and-price Framework." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613790/index.pdf.
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In this thesis we consider a Time-Dependent Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows
(TDVRPTW) which is solved by a Branch and Cut and Price (BCP) algorithm. The decomposition
of an arc based formulation leads to a set-partitioning problem as the master problem,
and a Time-Dependent Elementary Shortest Path Problem with Resource Constraints (TDESPPRC)
as the pricing problem. The main contribution of this thesis is the modified fathoming
and bounding procedures applied on bi-directional Time-Dependent Labeling algorithm
(TDL) which is used solve the TDESPPRC. The aim of the fathoming proposed is to solve
TDVRPTW more efficiently by not extending the unproductive labels in bi-directional TDL
algorithm. Moreover, an arc bounding model is introduced to stop the extension of labels as
an alternative to resource bounding used in bi-directional search. In addition, independent
from the work on TDVRPTW, the thesis includes an effects analysis of a new customer on
Kuehne+Nagel(K+N) Netherlands Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) and returns distribution
network. This study focused on analyzing the current performance of the distribution
network and evaluating the scenarios for K+N&rsquos future distribution network by a simulation study.
22
Chen, Zhouye. "Reconstruction of enhanced ultrasound images from compressed measurements." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30222/document.
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L'intérêt de l'échantillonnage compressé dans l'imagerie ultrasonore a été récemment évalué largement par plusieurs équipes de recherche. Suite aux différentes configurations d'application, il a été démontré que les données RF peuvent être reconstituées à partir d'un faible nombre de mesures et / ou en utilisant un nombre réduit d'émission d'impulsions ultrasonores. Selon le modèle de l'échantillonnage compressé, la résolution des images ultrasonores reconstruites à partir des mesures compressées dépend principalement de trois aspects: la configuration d'acquisition, c.à.d. l'incohérence de la matrice d'échantillonnage, la régularisation de l'image, c.à.d. l'a priori de parcimonie et la technique d'optimisation. Nous nous sommes concentrés principalement sur les deux derniers aspects dans cette thèse. Néanmoins, la résolution spatiale d'image RF, le contraste et le rapport signal sur bruit dépendent de la bande passante limitée du transducteur d'imagerie et du phénomène physique lié à la propagation des ondes ultrasonores. Pour surmonter ces limitations, plusieurs techniques de traitement d'image en fonction de déconvolution ont été proposées pour améliorer les images ultrasonores. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons d'abord un nouveau cadre de travail pour l'imagerie ultrasonore, nommé déconvolution compressée, pour combiner l'échantillonnage compressé et la déconvolution. Exploitant une formulation unifiée du modèle d'acquisition directe, combinant des projections aléatoires et une convolution 2D avec une réponse impulsionnelle spatialement invariante, l'avantage de ce cadre de travail est la réduction du volume de données et l'amélioration de la qualité de l'image. Une méthode d'optimisation basée sur l'algorithme des directions alternées est ensuite proposée pour inverser le modèle linéaire, en incluant deux termes de régularisation exprimant la parcimonie des images RF dans une base donnée et l'hypothèse statistique gaussienne généralisée sur les fonctions de réflectivité des tissus. Nous améliorons les résultats ensuite par la méthode basée sur l'algorithme des directions simultanées. Les deux algorithmes sont évalués sur des données simulées et des données in vivo. Avec les techniques de régularisation, une nouvelle approche basée sur la minimisation alternée est finalement développée pour estimer conjointement les fonctions de réflectivité des tissus et la réponse impulsionnelle. Une investigation préliminaire est effectuée sur des données simuléesThe interest of compressive sampling in ultrasound imaging has been recently extensively evaluated by several research teams. Following the different application setups, it has been shown that the RF data may be reconstructed from a small number of measurements and/or using a reduced number of ultrasound pulse emissions. According to the model of compressive sampling, the resolution of reconstructed ultrasound images from compressed measurements mainly depends on three aspects: the acquisition setup, i.e. the incoherence of the sampling matrix, the image regularization, i.e. the sparsity prior, and the optimization technique. We mainly focused on the last two aspects in this thesis. Nevertheless, RF image spatial resolution, contrast and signal to noise ratio are affected by the limited bandwidth of the imaging transducer and the physical phenomenon related to Ultrasound wave propagation. To overcome these limitations, several deconvolution-based image processing techniques have been proposed to enhance the ultrasound images. In this thesis, we first propose a novel framework for Ultrasound imaging, named compressive deconvolution, to combine the compressive sampling and deconvolution. Exploiting an unified formulation of the direct acquisition model, combining random projections and 2D convolution with a spatially invariant point spread function, the benefit of this framework is the joint data volume reduction and image quality improvement. An optimization method based on the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers is then proposed to invert the linear model, including two regularization terms expressing the sparsity of the RF images in a given basis and the generalized Gaussian statistical assumption on tissue reflectivity functions. It is improved afterwards by the method based on the Simultaneous Direction Method of Multipliers. Both algorithms are evaluated on simulated and in vivo data. With regularization techniques, a novel approach based on Alternating Minimization is finally developed to jointly estimate the tissue reflectivity function and the point spread function. A preliminary investigation is made on simulated data
23
Stejskalová, Sylva. "Nároky na funkci hudební režie v digitálním vícestopém nahrávacím procesu." Doctoral thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Hudební a taneční fakulta. Knihovna, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390785.
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Recording direction became during 20-century full-fledgede artistic profession.
It has developed next to the recording technology from the first hints alongside the
phonofraph up to indespensable part of the digital multichannel recording process. Its
story has filled the lives of many significant personalities, especially composers,
conductors, musicologists. Theirs artificial credit corresponds the difficulty, ensuing
the principle of the sound record – mirror of the musical composition and its unique
interpretation. The interest to research the spirit of recording direction has emerged
from vagues opinions about function of the recording direciton and the sound
engineer. Where are theirs mutual boundaries.
The listening of a record doesn’t show the influence of the recording direction
during its creation. It is possible to co mpare to day knowledge of recording direction
posture with the memoirs important personalities artificial world and recording
industy. Historical sources and literature are next to the historial recordings only
sources of information.
The mapping of all the activities of the recording direction and detailed
classification rice a division, innternally strongly linked with phases of recording
process and types of recordings. They are parallel actions with high pretention of
concentration. Umbrella – feature of recording direction is psychology of the
communication with the interpreters and the members of recording crew. The
recording direction is a part of the recording proces even out of big procuctions of
complicated projects. Recorded music needs the supervision and to be assessed
from the point of view of the sound quality and musical content of the interpretation,
which are stored in the record unchangeable. Recording direction is latently present
in every recording project, albeit done by some other vicarious person.
24
Wells, Diane. "Modelling problems of independent sector media : an analysis of market-production relationships with reference to independent film and video in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63882.
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Hopkins, Britney Henderson Johnny. "Multiplicity of positive solutions of even-order nonhomogeneous boundary value problems." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5323.
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Shain, Lindsey Marie. "Aging and the Perception of Coherent Motion." TopSCHOLAR®, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2070.
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The aperture problem describes an effect by which a contoured stimulus, moving behind an aperture with both ends occluded, appears to move in a direction perpendicular to its own orientation. Mechanisms within the human visual system allow us to overcome this problem and integrate many of these locally ambiguous signals into the perception of globally coherent motion. In the current experiment, younger and older observers viewed displays composed of either 64 or 9 straight contours, arranged in varying orientations and moving behind circular apertures. Because these lines moved behind apertures, their individual local motions were ambiguous with respect to direction (i.e., subject to the aperture problem). On each trial, motion patterns were displayed for 2.4 seconds, and observers estimated the coherent direction of motion (true motion directions ranged from 0 to 360 degrees). There was a significant effect of direction, such that cardinal directions of pattern motion were judged more accurately than oblique directions. In addition, there was a large effect of aging upon accuracy (the average errors of older observers were 46 and 30.4 percent higher in magnitude than those exhibited by the younger observers for the 64 and 9 aperture conditions, respectively). Additionally, the observers’ precision deteriorated markedly as the number of apertures was reduced from 64 to 9. Finally, a statistically significant, albeit negligible relationship was found between orientation discrimination threshold (a behavioral measure of resting gamma amino butyric acid neurotransmitter levels) and ability to accurately estimate coherent direction of motion.
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Kyriakides, Anestis H. "The spiritual approach to the problem of "athumia" (depression) in St. John Chrysostom's letters to Olympias." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.
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Calatroni, Luca. "New PDE models for imaging problems and applications." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/256139.
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Variational methods and Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) have been extensively employed for the mathematical formulation of a myriad of problems describing physical phenomena such as heat propagation, thermodynamic transformations and many more. In imaging, PDEs following variational principles are often considered. In their general form these models combine a regularisation and a data fitting term, balancing one against the other appropriately. Total variation (TV) regularisation is often used due to its edgepreserving and smoothing properties. In this thesis, we focus on the design of TV-based models for several different applications. We start considering PDE models encoding higher-order derivatives to overcome wellknown TV reconstruction drawbacks. Due to their high differential order and nonlinear nature, the computation of the numerical solution of these equations is often challenging. In this thesis, we propose directional splitting techniques and use Newton-type methods that despite these numerical hurdles render reliable and efficient computational schemes. Next, we discuss the problem of choosing the appropriate data fitting term in the case when multiple noise statistics in the data are present due, for instance, to different acquisition and transmission problems. We propose a novel variational model which encodes appropriately and consistently the different noise distributions in this case. Balancing the effect of the regularisation against the data fitting is also crucial. For this sake, we consider a learning approach which estimates the optimal ratio between the two by using training sets of examples via bilevel optimisation. Numerically, we use a combination of SemiSmooth (SSN) and quasi-Newton methods to solve the problem efficiently. Finally, we consider TV-based models in the framework of graphs for image segmentation problems. Here, spectral properties combined with matrix completion techniques are needed to overcome the computational limitations due to the large amount of image data. Further, a semi-supervised technique for the measurement of the segmented region by means of the Hough transform is proposed.
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Nárožný, Jakub. "Zefektivnění pracovních procesů ve firmě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223298.
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The diploma thesis is oriented on increase in efficiency of work processes in an organisation. Based on the analysis of present situation, it proposes measures to improve the performance and effectiveness of the work. The theoretical part contains findings from the field of management and corporate structure. The practical part analyses the present situation and proposes solutions that will lead to increase of the efficiency in work processes and improve the economic situation of an organisation.
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Veselý, Jiří. "Zhodnocení projektu centralizace vybraných procesů v podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223114.
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The diploma thesis focuses on project controls in the company Veolia Voda Česká republika a.s. It analyses and evaluates specific project, which is already running in the company and on the basis of acquired data it is seeking to optimalise the preparation of another project. It contents many of comparisions and evaluations, which should be helpful for the company´s management.
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Harrison, Jullian. "PUSHED WITHOUT DIRECTION: Privileged Problems and the Configuration of Class and Race. How Latent Class Differences, Supported Through Racial Inequities, Maintain the Achievement Gap for Upper Class Black Students." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4301.
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Scholars for decades have studied the achievement gap and attempted to explain it in regards to race and class. Throughout the existing literature regarding the achievement gap between black and white students, however, there is a dearth of research exploring why the gap exists for upper-class black students; this population is largely ignored. This research seeks to explain why an achievement gap exists between white and black students who come from households of similar incomes. Ten students (five white and five black gradates) of a private, non-parochial school in Washington DC are interviewed about high school and post-high school experiences. Using cultural capital and labeling theory frameworks, this study follows the work of Billings (2011), Pattillo-McCoy (2000), Lacy (2007), and Khan (2011) in their focus on black students, cultural capital, and embodied privilege, and builds on that of Lensmire (2012), Dixon-Roman 2014, Orr (2003) Adams (2010) and Tyson et al. (2005). Results uncover the uniquely complex configuration of class and race. Latent issues as a result of race can arise, and the research illustrates how they affect the achievement ideology and attainment of both black and white students. This study’s findings suggest that two mechanisms shape the achievement gap: academic support and social interactions and interpretations, with the former rooted largely in class differences and the latter rooted in racial differences. This study aims to improve our understanding of the distinct role race and class play in influencing educational and professional outcomes from upper-class backgrounds.
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Wirfält, Petter. "Exploiting Prior Information in Parametric Estimation Problems for Multi-Channel Signal Processing Applications." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Signalbehandling, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-134034.
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This thesis addresses a number of problems all related to parameter estimation in sensor array processing. The unifying theme is that some of these parameters are known before the measurements are acquired. We thus study how to improve the estimation of the unknown parameters by incorporating the knowledge of the known parameters; exploiting this knowledge successfully has the potential to dramatically improve the accuracy of the estimates. For covariance matrix estimation, we exploit that the true covariance matrix is Kronecker and Toeplitz structured. We then devise a method to ascertain that the estimates possess this structure. Additionally, we can show that our proposed estimator has better performance than the state-of-art when the number of samples is low, and that it is also efficient in the sense that the estimates have Cram\'er-Rao lower Bound (CRB) equivalent variance. In the direction of arrival (DOA) scenario, there are different types of prior information; first, we study the case when the location of some of the emitters in the scene is known. We then turn to cases with additional prior information, i.e.~when it is known that some (or all) of the source signals are uncorrelated. As it turns out, knowledge of some DOA combined with this latter form of prior knowledge is especially beneficial, giving estimators that are dramatically more accurate than the state-of-art. We also derive the corresponding CRBs, and show that under quite mild assumptions, the estimators are efficient. Finally, we also investigate the frequency estimation scenario, where the data is a one-dimensional temporal sequence which we model as a spatial multi-sensor response. The line-frequency estimation problem is studied when some of the frequencies are known; through experimental data we show that our approach can be beneficial. The second frequency estimation paper explores the analysis of pulse spin-locking data sequences, which are encountered in nuclear resonance experiments. By introducing a novel modeling technique for such data, we develop a method for estimating the interesting parameters of the model. The technique is significantly faster than previously available methods, and provides accurate estimation results.Denna doktorsavhandling behandlar parameterestimeringsproblem inom flerkanals-signalbehandling. Den gemensamma förutsättningen för dessa problem är att det finns information om de sökta parametrarna redan innan data analyseras; tanken är att på ett så finurligt sätt som möjligt använda denna kunskap för att förbättra skattningarna av de okända parametrarna. I en uppsats studeras kovariansmatrisskattning när det är känt att den sanna kovariansmatrisen har Kronecker- och Toeplitz-struktur. Baserat på denna kunskap utvecklar vi en metod som säkerställer att även skattningarna har denna struktur, och vi kan visa att den föreslagna skattaren har bättre prestanda än existerande metoder. Vi kan också visa att skattarens varians når Cram\'er-Rao-gränsen (CRB). Vi studerar vidare olika sorters förhandskunskap i riktningsbestämningsscenariot: först i det fall då riktningarna till ett antal av sändarna är kända. Sedan undersöker vi fallet då vi även vet något om kovariansen mellan de mottagna signalerna, nämligen att vissa (eller alla) signaler är okorrelerade. Det visar sig att just kombinationen av förkunskap om både korrelation och riktning är speciellt betydelsefull, och genom att utnyttja denna kunskap på rätt sätt kan vi skapa skattare som är mycket noggrannare än tidigare möjligt. Vi härleder även CRB för fall med denna förhandskunskap, och vi kan visa att de föreslagna skattarna är effektiva. Slutligen behandlar vi även frekvensskattning. I detta problem är data en en-dimensionell temporal sekvens som vi modellerar som en spatiell fler-kanalssignal. Fördelen med denna modelleringsstrategi är att vi kan använda liknande metoder i estimatorerna som vid sensor-signalbehandlingsproblemen. Vi utnyttjar återigen förhandskunskap om källsignalerna: i ett av bidragen är antagandet att vissa frekvenser är kända, och vi modifierar en existerande metod för att ta hänsyn till denna kunskap. Genom att tillämpa den föreslagna metoden på experimentell data visar vi metodens användbarhet. Det andra bidraget inom detta område studerar data som erhålls från exempelvis experiment inom kärnmagnetisk resonans. Vi introducerar en ny modelleringsmetod för sådan data och utvecklar en algoritm för att skatta de önskade parametrarna i denna modell. Vår algoritm är betydligt snabbare än existerande metoder, och skattningarna är tillräckligt noggranna för typiska tillämpningar.
QC 20131115
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Bertka, Christopher M. "Descriptions of Floating Bodies in 2 Dimensions." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent159077009117022.
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Scrivanti, Gabriele Luca Giovanni. "Nonsmooth Nonconvex Variational Reconstruction for Electrical Impedance Tomography." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20700/.
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Electrical Impedance Tomography is an imaging technique that aims to reconstruct the inner conductivity distribution of a medium starting from a set of measured voltages registered by a series of electrodes that are positioned on the surface of the medium. Such technique was used for the first time in geological studies in 1930 and then applied to industrial procedures. The first clinical use of EIT dates back to 1987. In 2018 EIT was validated in tissue engineering as a noninvasive and label-free imaging and monitoring tool for cell distribution (cell growth, differentiation and tissue formation) in 3D scaffolds. EIT problem can be split into a Forward and an Inverse problem. The aim of Forward EIT is to define the set of measured voltages starting from a known conductivity distribution. If the forward problem is characterized by a nonlinear mapping, called Forward Operator, from the conductivity distribution to the measured voltages, inverse EIT consists of inverting the Forward Operator. This leads to an ill-posed problem which requires regularization, either in the model or in the numerical method that is applied to define the solution. The inverse problem is modelled as a Nonlinear Least Squares problem, where one seeks to minimize the mismatch beetween the measured voltages and the ones generated by the reconstructed conductivity. Reconstruction techniques require the introduction of a regularization term which forces the reconstructed data to stick to certain prior information. In this dissertation, some state-of-the-art regularization methods are analyzed and compared via EIDORS, a specific software for EIT problems. The aim is to reconstruct the variation in conductivity within a 2D section of a 3D scaffold. Furthermore a variational formulation on a 2D mesh for a space-variant regularization is proposed, based on a combination of high order and nonconvex operators, which respectively seek to recover piecewise inhomogeneous and piecewise linear regions.
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Holmgren, Johan. "Efficient Updating Shortest Path Calculations for Traffic Assignment." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2573.
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Traffic planning in a modern congested society is an important and time consuming procedure. Finding fast algorithms for solving traffic problems is therefore of great interest for traffic planners allover the world.
This thesis concerns solving the fixed demand traffic assignment problem (TAP) on a number of different transportation test networks. TAP is solved using the Frank-Wolfe algorithm and the shortest path problems that arise as subproblems to the Frank-Wolfe algorithm are solved using the network simplex algorithm. We evaluate how a number of existing pricing strategies to the network simplex algorithm performs with TAP. We also construct a new efficient pricing strategy, the Bucket Pricing Strategy, inspired by the heap implementation of Dijkstra's method for shortest path problems. This pricing strategy is, together with the actual use of the network simplex algorithm, the main result of the thesis and the pricing strategy is designed to take advantage of the special structure of TAP. In addition to performing tests on the conventional Frank-Wolfe algorithm, we also test how the different pricing strategies perform on Frank-Wolfe algorithms using conjugate and bi-conjugate search directions.
These test results show that the updating shortest path calculations obtained by using the network simplex outperforms the non-updating Frank-Wolfe algorithms. Comparisons with Bar-Gera's OBA show that our implementation, especially together with the bucket pricing strategy, also outperforms this algorithm for relative gaps down to 10E-6.
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Пряхін, Є. В., and Ye V. Priakhin. "Адміністративно-правове регулювання і забезпечення дотримання правил благоустрою населених пунктів в Україні: дисертація." Thesis, ЛьвДУВС, 2007. http://dspace.lvduvs.edu.ua/handle/1234567890/353.
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Пряхін Є.В. Адміністративно-правове регулювання і забезпечення дотримання правил благоустрою населених пунктів в Україні: дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук за спеціальністю 12.00.07 – адміністративне право і процес; фінансове право; інформаційне право / Пряхін Євген Васильович. – Львів: Львівський державний університет внутрішніх справ, 2007. - 217 с.Дисертацію присвячено комплексному дослідженню законо-давчих, теоретичних та практичних проблем діяльності, пов’язаної з благоустроєм населених пунктів. Проаналізовано основні етапи роз-витку суспільних відносин у сфері благоустрою, розкрито компе-тенції органів публічної влади у регулюванні питань благоустрою. Дано характеристику взаємодії органів з питань благоустрою. Сформульовано висновки та пропозиції, спрямовані на підвищення ефективності адміністративно-правового регулювання і забезпе-чення благоустрою населених пунктів. The dissertation deals with the complex investigation of legislative, theoretical, practical problems at the activity connected with public wel-fare of inhabited settlements. The main steps of social relations develop-ment at the public welfare sphere are analyzed, the public authority competence in planning and organization of public service is considered. The interaction characteristic of competent bodies is given. The conclusions and suggestions to raise the efficiency of administrative-legal regulation and public welfare enforcement are formulated.
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Lahiani, Nouha. "Méthode hybride d'affectation des ressources humaines pour l'amélioration de la performance de la maintenance." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080037.
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Cette thèse propose un outil d’aide à la décision pour la gestion de processus de maintenance basée surune affectation optimale des ressources humaines afin d’améliorer la performance de la maintenance.En effet, une bonne performance de la fonction maintenance est indispensable pour maintenir laproductivité des installations industrielles, et donc de la compétitivité des entreprises manufacturières.L’approche que nous développons dans ce manuscrit procure un cadre de référence des leviersd’actions envisageables pour mesurer, évaluer, améliorer et optimiser la performance de lamaintenance. Nous prenons en considération un problème d’affectation des ressources humaines, quiprend en compte non seulement leurs disponibilités et compétences, mais aussi la gestion des urgencesd’intervention sur terrain.La méthode que nous proposons est basée sur un modèle de simulation à événements discrets,reproduisant au mieux un service de maintenance. Ceci nous a permis d’évaluer la situation via desindicateurs de performance présélectionnés. Pour optimiser le système, nous proposons un couplagedu modèle de simulation avec un module d’optimisation indépendant qui se réfère à une métaheuristiquebasée sur une approche Pareto. Notre proposition a été testée dans une entrepriseindustrielle réelle.L’approche que nous proposons donne un ensemble de solutions d’affectation des ressourceshumaines, aidant le décideur à mieux gérer l’indisponibilité de ses outils. Nous obtenons de bonsrésultats en un temps raisonnableIn this thesis, a decision-making tool for maintenance management process based on assignment ofhuman resources is proposed in order to improve maintenance performance. An optimal maintenanceperformance is indispensable to guarantee the productivity and competitiveness of manufacturingcompanies.The proposed approach provides a framework of different possible levers to measure, evaluate,improve and optimize the maintenance performance. The assignment of human resources problem isconsidered. It takes into account different constraints like human resources availability, competences,urgency degree management of interventions requests etc.The proposed method is based on a discrete event simulation model, providing a better presentation ofthe maintenance service and better comprehensive thanks to the performance indicators. To improveuntil optimize the model, a simulation-based Pareto optimization method is introduced. Optimizationmodule was coded on independent programs in order to provide an opportunity of control thesimulation based optimization process.The proposed simulation based optimization method find good solutions in a reasonable amount oftime. Applying this technique on an industrial case-study, we show that it is more effective indetecting real faults than existing alternatives. The approach can be extended to cover other domainsand other types of simulation models
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Бабій, І. А. "Активізація економічного зростання на регіональному рівні (на прикладі Одеської області)." Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2021. http://local.lib/diploma/Babii3.pdf.
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Доступ до роботи тільки на території бібліотеки ОНЕУ, для переходу натисніть на посилання нижчеУ роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти економічного розвитку, фактори його забезпечення, індикатори та державне стимулювання економічного зростання на регіональному рівні. Проаналізовано основні складові економічного потенціальну Одеської області Запропоновано пріоритетні напрямки для активізації економічного зростання в Одеській області.
The theoretical aspects of economic development, factors of its provision, indicators and state stimulation of economic growth at the regional level are considered in the work. The main components of the economic potential of Odessa region are analyzed Priority directions for intensification of economic growth in Odessa region are offered.
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Villafañe, Roca Laura. "Experimental Aerothermal Performance of Turbofan Bypass Flow Heat Exchangers." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/34774.
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The path to future aero-engines with more efficient engine architectures requires advanced
thermal management technologies to handle the demand of refrigeration and lubrication. Oil
systems, holding a double function as lubricant and coolant circuits, require supplemental
cooling sources to the conventional fuel based cooling systems as the current oil thermal
capacity becomes saturated with future engine developments. The present research focuses on
air/oil coolers, which geometrical characteristics and location are designed to minimize
aerodynamic effects while maximizing the thermal exchange. The heat exchangers composed
of parallel fins are integrated at the inner wall of the secondary duct of a turbofan. The
analysis of the interaction between the three-dimensional high velocity bypass flow and the
heat exchangers is essential to evaluate and optimize the aero-thermodynamic performances,
and to provide data for engine modeling. The objectives of this research are the development
of engine testing methods alternative to flight testing, and the characterization of the
aerothermal behavior of different finned heat exchanger configurations.
A new blow-down wind tunnel test facility was specifically designed to replicate the engine
bypass flow in the region of the splitter. The annular sector type test section consists on a
complex 3D geometry, as a result of three dimensional numerical flow simulations. The flow
evolves over the splitter duplicated at real scale, guided by helicoidally shaped lateral walls.
The development of measurement techniques for the present application involved the design
of instrumentation, testing procedures and data reduction methods. Detailed studies were
focused on multi-hole and fine wire thermocouple probes.
Two types of test campaigns were performed dedicated to: flow measurements along the test
section for different test configurations, i.e. in the absence of heat exchangers and in the
presence of different heat exchanger geometries, and heat transfer measurements on the heat
exchanger. As a result contours of flow velocity, angular distributions, total and static
pressures, temperatures and turbulence intensities, at different bypass duct axial positions, as
well as wall pressures along the test section, were obtained. The analysis of the flow
development along the test section allowed the understanding of the different flow behaviors
for each test configuration. Comparison of flow variables at each measurement plane
permitted quantifying and contrasting the different flow disturbances. Detailed analyses of the
flow downstream of the heat exchangers were assessed to characterize the flow in the fins¿
wake region. The aerodynamic performance of each heat exchanger configuration was
evaluated in terms of non dimensional pressure losses. Fins convective heat transfer
characteristics were derived from the infrared fin surface temperature measurements through a
new methodology based on inverse heat transfer methods coupled with conductive heat flux
models. The experimental characterization permitted to evaluate the cooling capacity of the
investigated type of heat exchangers for the design operational conditions. Finally, the
thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger at different points of the flight envelope during a
typical commercial mission was estimated by extrapolating the convective properties of the
flow to flight conditions.Villafañe Roca, L. (2013). Experimental Aerothermal Performance of Turbofan Bypass Flow Heat Exchangers [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/34774
TESIS
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Teng, Sin Yong. "Intelligent Energy-Savings and Process Improvement Strategies in Energy-Intensive Industries." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-433427.
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S tím, jak se neustále vyvíjejí nové technologie pro energeticky náročná průmyslová odvětví, stávající zařízení postupně zaostávají v efektivitě a produktivitě. Tvrdá konkurence na trhu a legislativa v oblasti životního prostředí nutí tato tradiční zařízení k ukončení provozu a k odstavení. Zlepšování procesu a projekty modernizace jsou zásadní v udržování provozních výkonů těchto zařízení. Současné přístupy pro zlepšování procesů jsou hlavně: integrace procesů, optimalizace procesů a intenzifikace procesů. Obecně se v těchto oblastech využívá matematické optimalizace, zkušeností řešitele a provozní heuristiky. Tyto přístupy slouží jako základ pro zlepšování procesů. Avšak, jejich výkon lze dále zlepšit pomocí moderní výpočtové inteligence. Účelem této práce je tudíž aplikace pokročilých technik umělé inteligence a strojového učení za účelem zlepšování procesů v energeticky náročných průmyslových procesech. V této práci je využit přístup, který řeší tento problém simulací průmyslových systémů a přispívá následujícím: (i)Aplikace techniky strojového učení, která zahrnuje jednorázové učení a neuro-evoluci pro modelování a optimalizaci jednotlivých jednotek na základě dat. (ii) Aplikace redukce dimenze (např. Analýza hlavních komponent, autoendkodér) pro vícekriteriální optimalizaci procesu s více jednotkami. (iii) Návrh nového nástroje pro analýzu problematických částí systému za účelem jejich odstranění (bottleneck tree analysis – BOTA). Bylo také navrženo rozšíření nástroje, které umožňuje řešit vícerozměrné problémy pomocí přístupu založeného na datech. (iv) Prokázání účinnosti simulací Monte-Carlo, neuronové sítě a rozhodovacích stromů pro rozhodování při integraci nové technologie procesu do stávajících procesů. (v) Porovnání techniky HTM (Hierarchical Temporal Memory) a duální optimalizace s několika prediktivními nástroji pro podporu managementu provozu v reálném čase. (vi) Implementace umělé neuronové sítě v rámci rozhraní pro konvenční procesní graf (P-graf). (vii) Zdůraznění budoucnosti umělé inteligence a procesního inženýrství v biosystémech prostřednictvím komerčně založeného paradigmatu multi-omics.
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Ramakrishnan, Vijay. "Development of an omni-directional weather-monitoring anemometer." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/150920.
Full textAbstract:
This work presents the design, fabrication, calibration and testing of a pressure-based
three-component anemometer capable of measuring accurate wind speeds in extreme
weather conditions. The groundwork, at the outset, covers the development of a 12-hole
omni-directional flow-velocity measurement probe capable of measuring flows up to
155° from the probe axis. The new 12-hole design is optimal in the sense that the
calculation of the four unknown flow quantities, i.e., two flow angles, flow speed and
static pressure, is achieved with the minimum necessary number of holes/ports on the
probe tip. The fact that this design has 33% lesser number of holes compared to an
earlier design, has significant implications in the instrument’s spatial resolution,
frequency response as well as cost of interfacing and usage. A prototype 12-hole probe
with a spherical tip diameter of 3/8 inches was fabricated and tested. Good flow
prediction accuracy was obtained.
Further groundwork on multi-hole probe technology was carried out, developing new
methods for correcting and refining the calibration and reduction procedures. When
calibrating multi-hole velocity probes in a wind-tunnel, offset (or bias) errors often exist
in the recorded flow angles due to errors in aligning the traverse system exactly with the
flow direction and due to the angularity of the tunnel flow itself. These offset angles are
hard to quantify from direct measurements with any degree of accuracy. Although
usually small (less than 0.5° in most good calibrations), these errors still need to be corrected to increase the flow measurement accuracy of the probe. In this work, a
method is developed that computes offset errors in all types of multi-hole probes – from
the traditional 5- and 7-hole probes to the omni-directional 18-hole probe and the nextgeneration
12-hole probe – using simply the pressure data obtained during their
calibration. The algorithm doubled the measurement accuracy for most probes. Other
issues related to post-processing of the pressure data from flow studies, when the multihole
probe encountered unsteady and reversed flow conditions, were also examined.
The design of the anemometer (herein called a Weatherprobe) builds on that of the 12-
hole probe and is capable of measuring wind velocities up to ±45° to the horizontal plane
and 360° around the horizontal plane. Due to the non-conventional arrangement of its
pressure ports, newly developed calibration and data-reduction algorithms were used.
The probe was calibrated and its measurement accuracy assessed in a calibration facility.
All associated instrumentation was assembled from the ground up and ruggedized for
harsh-weather applications. Field tests performed over many days next to a 3-D sonic
anemometer showed good agreement in measured flow properties, thus validating the
entire Weatherprobe system. This probe has widespread applications in weather
monitoring, wind energy potential estimations and structural wind load evaluations.
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Wu, Mao-Cheng, and 吳茂成. "On Target Coverage Problem of Angle Rotatable Directional Sensor Networks." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93871248409032455212.
Full textAbstract:
碩士亞洲大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
101
In this thesis, we study the target coverage problem of directed sensor networks with rotatable angles. The main purpose of this problem is to maximize number of targets to be covered while minimize number of activated directional sensors. Coverage problem is well-studied for omni-directional sensors; however, it is still a challenge task for directional sensor. The directional sensor nodes used in the previous works are composed of fixed number of sensors, and the orientations of sensors are fixed. In this study, we consider the directional sensors with arbitrary sensing orientations. Our algorithm constructs sectors of sensors based on targets within the sensing distance of sensors to gain higher coverage rate and lower ratio of active sensors. To evaluate the performance of proposed algorithm, several simulations are conducted. Experimental results show that our algorithm can contribute to increase the coverage rate of targets and decrease the ratio of activated directional sensors obviously than previous algorithms, thus gain better coverage performance and longer lifetime for directed sensor networks.
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Chen, Kuan-Hua, and 陳冠樺. "Heterogeneous Directional Sensors Self-Deployment Problem in a Bounded Monitoring Area." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83803676049073499870.
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碩士國立交通大學
電信工程研究所
99
Good deployment of sensors empowers the network with effective monitoring ability. Different from omnidirectional sensors, the coverage region of a directional sensor is determined by not only the sensing radius (distance), but also its sensing orientation and spread angle. Heterogeneous sensing distances and spread angles are likely to exist among directional sensors, to which we refer as heterogeneous directional sensors. In this thesis, we target on a bounded monitoring area and deal with heterogeneous directional sensors equipped with locomotion and rotation facilities to enable the sensors self-deployment. Our base and optimized deployment algorithms are proposed to achieve high sensing coverage ratio in the monitored field. These algorithms leverage the concept of virtual forces (for sensors movements) and virtual boundary torques (for sensors rotations). Performance results demonstrate that our optimized deployment mechanism is capable of providing desirable surveillance level, while consuming moderate moving and rotating energy.
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SU, WEN-CHING, and 蘇文清. "Vehicle Routing Problem with Soft Time Window for Concurrent Bi-Directional Logistics." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82379886639362879885.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
土木工程研究所
93
Abstract The introduction of reverse logistics may significantly reduce the cost of returned merchandise, improve the customer’s satisfaction, and therefore increase enterprise profit. Recently, most of enterprises pay their great attention to the inclusion of reverse logistics to proceed hand in hand with already regularly-operated forward logistics. Transportation of physical distribution plays a critical role in logistics. In general, transportation cost is the majority of the total cost in supply chain, fifty-two percent approximately. The principal objective of the study is therefore to concurrently accomplish the delivery and pickup commodities at customer’s specified time window, i.e. to perform forward and reverse logistics at the identical trip. It may be classified as a vehicle routing problem with soft time window for simultaneous commodity delivery and pickup. The traditional vehicle routing problem is mostly considered the single object, the total distance, however the operation of companies is based on multiple objects rather than a single object. Therefore this study is to integrate the shortest distance and the fewest penalty cost by the weighting method in terms of both the cost and the level of service. This study suggested that pickup during the delivery only requires the rest capacity enough for the goods. There is no such constraint that pickup only can be performed when the certain capacity of the car is left. We solved the modified Solomon benchmark with random pickup demand by using Genetic Algorithms with soft time window (The penalty is dramatically increased by increasing the time of being late and waiting to emphasize the value of time for customers). In addition, we program a computer to demonstrate the accuracy of this idea. The results showed that total cost was slightly increased by increasing the demand of pickup and the cost was increased maximally about 6.44% when the quantity of pickup was about half of that of delivery. As a result, the idea, pickup during the delivery, actually improved the efficiency of the vehicle usage and reduced the waste of the capacity of returned vehicles.
45
LUO, YU-SHU, and 羅玉樹. "Using Genetic Algorithms on the Target Coverage Problem in Directional Sensor Networks." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xuzrpa.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
資訊工程學系
107
With the development of technology, the technological advancement of wireless sensing networks has made the application of wireless sensing networks more popular in the civilian Sector, such as home, medical, ecological and road traffic. However, with the wide application, after the wireless sensing network is deployed, the coverage rate will lead to the subsequent application, and the coverage of the wireless sensing network is discussed and studied by many researchers. The problems covered in the wireless sensing network can be roughly divided into two categories: (1) monitoring the area coverage problem of the region of interest, and (2) monitoring the target coverage problem of the specific target. However, on these issues, it is assumed that the sensor has omnidirectional sensing capability. In real life, considering the limitations of technology and hardware, the sensing area of the sensor will present a limited angle sensing area. It is called a directional sensor. Different from the traditional omnidirectional sensor, the sensing range of the directional sensor is a Sector-like sensing area composed of a fixed sensing radius and a limited sensing angle. In this thesis, we focus on how to use a limited number of directional sensors in a sensing range and use the mechanism of rotating the sensor angle to achieve optimal target coverage. We have proposed a genetic algorithm to solve this problem. I hope that we can refer to the rules of the biological world, "natural selection, survival of the fittest", through the evolution of iteration to get a set of best solutions with better fitness values to obtain better target coverage.
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Hsu, Yin-Chung, and 徐寅鐘. "A Study on the Coverage Problem in Directional Sensor Networks with Rotatable Sensors." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75811595617080584610.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
100
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), many applications in military and civilian operations, such as environmental monitoring, battlefield surveillance, health care and volcanoes monitoring become more popular in recent years, since more powerful sensors with high capabilities are being designed at rapidly decreasing costs. However, the coverage of sensor deployment which is good or bad must be affect these applications, so the coverage problem in sensor network has received a lot of attention from many researchers and has been widely discussed. The overage problem can be broadly divided into two categories: target coverage problem and area coverage problem. Most of the past work on the problem is based on the assumption of omni-directional sensors that have an omni-angle of sensing range. In real-world, most sensors may have a limited angle of sensing range due to technical constraints or cost considerations. s In this thesis, we propose a Maximum Coverage with Rotatable Sensors (MCRS) problem in which coverage in terms of the number of targets to be covered is maximized whereas the rotated angles of sensors are minimized. We present two distributed greedy algorithm solutions for the MCRS problem. The second objective is to solve the area coverage problem. We proposed a greed algorithm to decrease the overlapping area and maximize the area coverage of a randomly deployed directional sensor network. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithms are more effective than the previous methods of the coverage rate.
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Chen, Yen-Ting, and 陳彥廷. "A Study on the Target Coverage Problem in Directional Sensor Networks with Rotatable Sensors." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g7vz48.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
99
Recently directional sensor networks have gained attention. Target coverage problem is still an important issue in directional sensor networks. Sensor networks consist of large number of sensors that measure their environment. Unlike conventional omni-directional sensors that always have an omni-angle of sensing range; directional sensors may have a limited angle of sensing range due to technical constraints, energy constraint or cost considerations. Directional sensors can through switching direction or rotating orientation to get better coverage in an interested region. Therefore, it is possible that when directional sensor nodes are randomly scattered in the environment, some interested targets cannot be covered even if the targets are located in the sensing range of sensors. We propose a Maximum Coverage with Rotatable Angles (MCRA) problem and a Maximum Coverage with Rotatable Sensors (MCRS) problem that in two different models in which coverage in terms of the number of targets to be covered is maximized whereas the angle’s degrees to be rotated is minimized. We present two centralized greedy algorithms for MCRA problem, each two centralized and distributed greedy algorithm solutions for the MCRS problem. Simulation results are presented to apply angle adjustment algorithm to enhance the coverage of the directional sensor networks.
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Chung, Cheng-Yen, and 鐘政諺. "An Improvement for the Area Coverage Problem in Directional Sensor Networks with Rotatable Sensors." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94518273569467962625.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
102
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), many applications in military and civilian operations, such as environmental monitoring, battlefield surveillance, health care and volcanoes monitoring become more popular in recent years, since more powerful sensors with high capabilities are being designed at rapidly decreasing costs. However, the coverage of sensor deployment which is good or bad must be affect these applications, so that the coverage problem in the sensor network has received a lot of attention of many researchers and widely discussed. The coverage problem can be broadly divided into two categories: target coverage problem and area coverage problem. Most of the past work to solve the problem is always based on the assumption of omni-directional sensors that have an omni-angle of sensing range. In real-world, most sensors may have a limited angle of sensing range due to technical constraints or cost considerations. In this thesis, we proposed a Maximum Coverage with Rotatable Sensors (MCRS) problem. We proposed a greed algorithm to use the Voronoi-based to decrease the overlapping area and maximize the area coverage of a randomly deployed directional sensor network. Finally, simulation results show that our proposed algorithms are more effective than the previous methods of the coverage rate.
49
He, Meng-Chia, and 何孟佳. "A Study on the Area Coverage Problem in Directional Sensor Networks with Mobile Sensors." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07411685226092710128.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
99
A directional sensor network is composed of many directional sensor nodes. Unlike conventional omni-directional sensors that always have an omni-angle of sensing range, directional sensors may have a limited angle of sensing range due to technical constraints or cost considerations. Area coverage is still an essential issue in a directional sensor network. In this thesis, we study the area coverage problem in directional sensor networks with mobile sensors, which can move to the correct places to get high coverage. We present distributed self-deployment schemes of mobile sensors. After sensors are randomly deployed, each sensor calculates its next new location to move in order to obtain a better coverage than previous one. The locations of sensors are adjusted round by round so that the coverage is gradually improved. Based on circumcenter and incenter of sensing direction of the directional sensors, we design two schemes, namely Circumcenter-based and Incenter-based schemes respectively, to guide the moving direction. And we also proposed a virtual force scheme to increase the coverage. Simulation results show the effectiveness of our schemes in term of the coverage improvement.
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Yang, Bo-kai, and 楊博凱. "An Orthogonal-direction Near-field Magnetic Probe Based on Folded-loop Structure." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39677181935785229714.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電信工程學研究所
99
Near-field magnetic probes are often used to measure the magnetic fields above a printed circuit board in order to identify the sources and coupling paths of an electromagnetic interference (EMI) or radio frequency interference (RFI) problem. This thesis introduced a magnetic probe structure using two folding loop to measurement magnetic fields in two orthogonal direction. This orthogonal-direction magnetic probe using differential-mode signal and common-mode signal to distinguish orthogonal magnetic fields, has better sensitivity and E-field coupling suppression than traditional orthogonal magnetic probe. The effects of this probe are analyzed using full-wave simulations and measurements.