Relevant bibliographies by topics / Directional friction

Academic literature on the topic 'Directional friction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Directional friction"

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Tiwari, A., L. Dorogin, B. Steenwyk, A. Warhadpande, M. Motamedi, G. Fortunato, V. Ciaravola, and B. N. J. Persson. "Rubber friction directional asymmetry." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 116, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 66002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/116/66002.

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Qi, Yexiong, Waqar Iqbal, and Yaming Jiang. "Study on the Multi-Directional Static Friction Properties of High Performance Yarns." Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe 151, no. 3 (October 1, 2022): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2022-0029.

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Abstract To further optimise the bullet-proof performance of textile reinforced composites, multi-directional friction tests of aramid and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) yarns were carried out by the slope method. The influence of the included angle between the high-performance yarns on the static friction coefficient for aramid and UHMWPE yarns was studied by measuring the friction coefficient. The relationship between the static friction coefficient and the included angle among the high-performance yarns was discussed. The results showed that the friction coefficient of aramid yarns was higher than that of UHMWPE yarns. Especially, at the same included angle between high-performance yarns, the static frictional coefficient of aramid yarns is 50% higher than that of UHMWPE yarns. In accordance with expectations, the static friction coefficient decreases with the increased included angle between high-performance yarns, and the included angle of high-performance yarns changes from 0º to 90º. The trend of rapid decline appeared when the included angle between high-performance yarns changed from 0º to 15º. For the actual result, the static friction coefficient of aramid and UHMWPE yarns is less than 0.3, which needs to be improved to increase the bullet-proof performance of textile composites.
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Stosiak, Michał, Mykola Karpenko, Adam Deptuła, Kamil Urbanowicz, Paulius Skačkauskas, Rafał Cieślicki, and Anna Małgorzata Deptuła. "Modelling and Experimental Verification of the Interaction in a Hydraulic Directional Control Valve Spool Pair." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010458.

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This study examined the impact of mechanical oscillation on a hydraulic directional control valve. Particular attention was paid to the oscillating movement of the spool of the hydraulic directional control valve resulting from this impact. Different models of fluid and mixed friction were considered. The models analysed accounted for the relative movement of the directional control valve body and the fact that it is kinematically excited by external mechanical oscillations. It was observed that the mixed friction model, where the frictional force is considered to be the sum of molecular forces acting in micro-areas of contact and drag forces in the fluid, was the best for describing the movement of the spool for a specific spool oscillation frequency. This model yielded significantly more consistency between the simulated and experimental results than the classic fluid friction model.
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Jaculli, Marcelo A., José Ricardo P. Mendes, and Kazuo Miura. "Dynamic buckling with friction inside directional wells." Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 153 (May 2017): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2017.03.040.

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Ezazshahabi, Nazanin, Masoud Latifi, and Mohammad Amani Tehran. "Analysis of Frictional Behavior of Woven Fabrics by a Multi-directional Tactile Sensing Mechanism." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 10, no. 3 (September 2015): 155892501501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501501000307.

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The frictional property of woven fabrics is one of the prominent surface characteristics which influence the performance of fabrics in a variety of applications. In this paper a novel methodology and instrument is proposed to measure the tactile force between fabric and simulated skin in different directions, and the obtained data are used for assessing fabric frictional property. In this regard, nine groups of woven fabrics consisting of three weave structures and three different weft densities were tested. By fitting the data with a proper equation, the tactile force in terms of fabric direction was predicted. The mentioned equation is also utilized for estimation of frictional behavior of fabric in various directions. Moreover, a single, new parameter called “frictional energy” is defined which has the ability to properly quantify the fabric frictional behavior. Statistical analysis of results reveals that the effect of weave structure and weft density is significant on the fabric friction. Being aware of the effect of fabric construction on friction is a guide for selecting the suitable fabric for various end uses.
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Chu, L., X. Cui, K. Zhang, T. F. Fwa, and S. Han. "Directional Skid Resistance Characteristics of Road Pavement: Implications for Friction Measurements by British Pendulum Tester and Dynamic Friction Tester." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 10 (June 4, 2019): 793–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119851453.

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The British pendulum tester (BPT) and the dynamic friction tester (DFT) are commonly used to evaluate the polishing effect of traffic on pavement skid resistance. The present study was conducted to answer two questions: (i) whether the directional moving traffic action results in significant directional differences in skid resistance of the pavement, and (ii) if so, whether BPT and DFT are effective tools for evaluating the skid resistance performance of polished pavements with significant directional skid resistance characteristics. Five in-service pavement sections with different degrees of polishing were examined in this study. The following findings were obtained from the study: (a) There were statistically significant differences between the longitudinal and transverse skid resistance of the polished pavements tested; (b) there were no statistically significant differences between the longitudinal and transverse skid resistance of the newly paved unpolished pavement tested; (c) BPT was able to differentiate the directional skid resistance differences of the polished pavements tested; and (d) DFT was unable to differentiate the directional skid resistance differences of the polished pavements tested. DFT produces one skid resistance value for a circular path at each test point. The test results found that DFT over-estimated the traffic-direction skid resistance of in-service pavements. The over-estimation errors ranged from 0.001 to 0.023 DFT units, and the corresponding percent errors were from 0.4% to 11.1%. This finding suggests that the over-estimation effect of skid resistance directionality of polished pavements on DFT measurements should be recognized in pavement skid resistance evaluation and pavement safety studies.
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Putignano, Carmine, Giuliano Parente, Francisco Josè Profito, Caterina Gaudiuso, Antonio Ancona, and Giuseppe Carbone. "Laser Microtextured Surfaces for Friction Reduction: Does the Pattern Matter?" Materials 13, no. 21 (October 31, 2020): 4915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13214915.

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Frictional performances of different textures, including axisymmetric and directional patterns, have been tested in the mixed and the hydrodynamic lubrication regimes. Experimental results, corroborated by numerical simulations, show that the leading parameter is the geometrical pattern void ratio since a large number of dimples offers, at low speed, a trap for debris whereas, at high speed, due to the flow expansion in each micro-hole, fosters a fluid pressure drop, the consequent insurgence of micro-cavitation and, ultimately, the reductions of the shear stresses. Furthermore, in this paper, it is shown that, by means of directional textures, equivalent hydrodynamic wedges can be built up, thus establishing different friction performances depending on the flow direction.
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Wang, Wen’an, Zhiqi Liu, and Dongliang Chen. "Influence of different oil flow directions on the friction performance of asymmetric structures in heavy load hydraulic friction pairs." AIP Advances 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 015028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0137503.

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Textures have obvious anti-friction and anti-wear effects, but effective textures often have complex and asymmetric characteristics. Because of the texture’s directional lubrication effect and fluid diode effect, different oil flow directions influence the friction reduction effect of asymmetric texture. Simulations and test methods are used to characterize these effects, and the friction coefficient and wear amount are used as evaluation methods to determine the optimal oil flow direction of asymmetric textures. The results show that an appropriate oil flow direction can significantly change the texture’s friction-reducing ability. The friction reduction efficiency of the texture is highest when the angle between the oil flow direction and the inflow edge of the texture is 60°–90°. When the angle between the oil flow direction and the inflow edge of the texture is 0°–30°, the texture’s anti-friction effect and efficiency are weakened.
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Abed, Dana, Jafar Al Thawabteh, Yazan Alzubi, Jamal Assbeihat, and Eid Al-Sahawneh. "Influence of Earthquake Parameters on the Bi-directional Behavior of Base Isolation Systems." Civil Engineering Journal 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 2038–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2022-08-10-02.

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The introduction and development of the base isolation systems, especially the friction isolator device, were done recently to improve the capacity of adaptive behavior. The efficiency of multi-phase friction pendulums comes from their complexity, which helps reduce the structural responses and enhance structures' energy dissipation under lateral loads. Nevertheless, the influence of various earthquakes' properties on the behavior of base-isolation systems subjected to bi-directional seismic loading is still unclear. Hence, further research and studies regarding the behavior and capability of these systems under bi-directional loading are still necessary before incorporating this device in real-life practical applications. Therefore, this paper is intended to investigate the bi-directional behavior of the friction isolator subjected to various ground motion records. In order to do so, different versions of the friction pendulum system are selected and compared within the study context. Generally, the study's results have shown that the behavior of the friction isolator is highly dependent on low values of the PGA/PGV ratio. Besides, pulse-like earthquakes considerably impact the response of the isolator compared to non-pulse-like ones. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-10-02 Full Text: PDF
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Rawat, Aruna, Naseef Ummer, and Vasant Matsagar. "Performance of bi-directional elliptical rolling rods for base isolation of buildings under near-fault earthquakes." Advances in Structural Engineering 21, no. 5 (August 25, 2017): 675–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433217726896.

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Rolling base isolation system provides effective isolation to the structures from seismic base excitations by virtue of its low frictional resistance. Herein, dynamic analysis of flexible-shear type multi-storey building mounted on orthogonally placed elliptical rolling rod base isolation systems subjected to bi-directional components of near-fault earthquake ground motions is presented. The orthogonally placed rods would make it possible to resist the earthquake forces induced in the structure in both the horizontal directions. The curved surface of these elliptical rods has a self-restoring capability due to which the magnitude of peak isolator displacement and residual displacement is reduced. The roughness of the tempered curved surface of the rollers dissipates energy in motion due to frictional damping. The seismic performance of the multi-storey building mounted on the elliptical rolling rod base isolation system is compared with that mounted on the sliding pure-friction and cylindrical rolling rod systems. Parametric studies are conducted to examine the behavior of the building for different superstructure flexibilities, eccentricities of the elliptical rod, and coefficients of friction. It is concluded that the elliptical rolling rod base isolation system is effective in mitigation of damaging effects of the near-fault earthquake ground motions in the multi-storey buildings. Even under the near-fault earthquake ground motions, the base-isolated building mounted on the elliptical rolling rods shows considerable reduction in seismic response. The isolator displacement with the elliptical rolling rod base isolation system is less in comparison to the pure-friction and cylindrical rolling rod systems.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Directional friction"

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Zhang, Cheng. "Robotic 3D friction stir welding : T-butt joint." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för automationssystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-8250.

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This Master Thesis was performed in terms of robotic three dimensional friction stir welding with T-butt joint. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state welding method that achieves the weld temperature by friction of a rotating non-consumable tool with the workpiece. Science and technology fast developing requires for higher seam quality and more complex welding joint geometry like 3D welds. In order to acquire high productivity, capacity and flexibility with acceptable cost, robotic FSW solution have been proposed. Instead of the standard FSW machine, using a robot to perform complicated welds such as, three-dimensional. In this report, a solution for weld a 3D T-butt joint, which located in an aluminium cylinder with 1.5 mm thickness using a robot, was developed. Moreover, two new paths were investigated in order to avoid the use of two welds to perform this type of joint. The paths were tested on 2D and on 3D (with a 5050 curvature radius) geometries. Both paths had good results. What is more, the parameter developing methods of FSW process, which is composed of necessary parameter setting, positional compensation was introduced. Specially,the study demonstrates how complicate geometry can be welded using a robot. Also,it shows that TWT temperature control is able to acquire high quality 3D welds. In addition, an analysis of the 2D welding and 3D welding was performed, which exposed that, keeping exactly the same welding conditions, higher lateral forces on the tool were found during 3D welding. Basis on the special case in this paper, when the tool goes like "climbing" the sample, the suffering force of tool decreasing with increasing the height(Z position); nevertheless, when the tool goes like "downhill", the suffering force of tool decreasing with decreasing the height (Z position). What is more, in 2D weld, increasing the downforce (Fz) results increasing the lateral forces which can be Fx and/or Fy. Finally, the future works suggestions were presented in terms of (1) performing the new paths into a real cylinder, (2) performing tensile test on the paths and comparing it with conventional path which weld twice, (3) researching how the downforce (Fz) influence the Fx and Fy during welding of different 3D geometries, (4) how the cooling rate of backing bar influence the seam quality when it is use the same welding parameters and (5) the effect of performing welds in the same welding temperature achieved with different combination of the tool rotational speed and downforce on the material properties
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Shields, Kelly J. "The Development of a Multi-Directional Wear Apparatus and the Characterization and Correlation of Biomechanical and Biotribological Properties of Bovine Articular Cartilage." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1271.

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A multi-directional wear apparatus was developed to simulate the kinematic motion of diarthrodial joints. A comprehensive evaluation including biotribological and biomechanical characterization of articular surfaces was performed with concomitant translational and oscillating rotational motion similar to that experienced in vivo. Various system parameters were evaluated in the designed experiments including normal load magnitude (high/low), surface quality (defect/no defect), and wear pattern (with/without rotation). Biomechanical characterization was achieved through stress relaxation and dynamic cyclical testing. Quasi-linear viscoelastic theory was used to curve-fit the stress relaxation data, while the dynamic data was used to determine the dynamic properties through Fast Fourier Transform analysis and verify the assumptions posed with the QLV theory.Overall tissue compression was significantly dependent on load magnitude (pstatic was significantly dependent on surface quality (pinitial was significantly dependent on both surface quality (pComparisons of the curve-fit parameters showed a significant decrease in pre- vs post-wear elastic response, A, and viscous response, c. In addition, the short term relaxation response, τ1, showed a significant decrease between no defect (0.801 ± 0.13 sec) and a defect (0.679 ± 0.16 sec). lGlpost-wear/lGlpre-wear tan δ , was generally greater while lGl was less for those specimens experiencing rotation Qualitatively, SEM photographs revealed the mechanical degradation of the tissue surface due to wear. Surfaces with a defect had increased wear debris, which ultimately contributes to third body wear. Surfaces without a defect had preferentially aligned abrasions, while those surfaces outside the wear path showed no signs of wear.Significant correlation was detected between the μstatic and μinitial for both the nonliner viscous response, B (p2 (p<0.013 and p<0.062). Thus, the comprehensive evaluation of biomechanical and biotribological characteristics suggests the new wear regime and standardization of analysis techniques will aid in the development of functional articular repair and clinical repair techniques.
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Barabanova, Liudmyla. "Frictional Anisotropy of Graphene and Graphene Based Materials." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1461941753.

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Elwood, David E. Y. "Hydraulic fracture experiments in a frictional material and approximations for maximum allowable mud pressure." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1343.

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Koubek, Radek, and Karolina Dedicova. "Friction of wood on steel." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35094.

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This thesis deals with the experimental description of friction between steel and wood materials, specifically laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and pine wood with two types of annual rings. It studies the influence of a number of different parameters on the coefficient of friction such as contact pressure, moisture content, fiber orientation in relation to the load direction, steel surface roughness, and horizontal load rate. First, the theoretical mechanical and physical properties as well as the coefficient of friction itself are described. This is followed by the description of the test setup including the test method and how the obtained data is exported, handled and processed and how the coefficient of friction is determined. The results study the influence of different parameters and show that the coefficients of friction for the smooth sliding plate tests vary in between 0.1 and 0.3, whereas tests with the rough sliding plate vary around 0.7. Factors influencing the coefficient of friction were found to be the different moisture content under all tested pressures, the different fiber direction under low contact pressure, the contact pressure itself, though under higher pressures the influence was found to be low, and the horizontal load rate under low pressures. The outcomes are further discussed in the discussion chapter.
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Yegneswaran, Kamalesh Madhavan Vis. "Deviation between the sliding direction of the chip over the tool and the direction of the friction force in oblique cutting /." Diss., Click here for available full-text of this thesis, 2006. http://library.wichita.edu/digitallibrary/etd/2006/t043.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, Dept. of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering.
"July 2006." Title from PDF title page (viewed on October 30, 2006). Thesis adviser: Vis Madhavan. Includes bibliographic references (leaves 65-67).
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Seo, Na Jin. "Biomechanical models of hand coupling for axial torque and push exertions effects of torque direction, hand-handle friction, and handle size on axial torque and push exertions for cylindrical handles." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://d-nb.info/991124189/04.

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Stránský, Jakub. "Optimalizace vybraných návrhových prvků ČSN pro projektování pozemních komunikací." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227496.

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The master‘s thesis focuses on the optimization of the design values of curves of the horizontal alignments of the roads. It deals with the comparison of values between czech and foreign standards and differences between them. The practical part examines the values of the real speeds of vehicles passing through the curves of various parameters that were measured during measurements of selected curves during 2014. From these data a new design values are derived that could be used for the design of horizontal alignments.
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Yang, Chen-tsung, and 楊振宗. "Simulation, Analysis and Applications of Direction-Optimized Friction Pendulum System." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78686984471442649449.

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碩士
逢甲大學
土木工程所
95
After many years of study, base isolation technology has been proven to efficiently reduce the seismic responses and upgrades the earthquake-proof capability of the superstructure either from the theoretical studies or the experimental efforts. Hence it has recently been used widely in the new or existing structures all around the world today. However, the base-isolated structures are easily to produce larger responses by strong ground motions with long predominant periods of near fault earthquakes due to and make structure resonance. In order to overcome the drawback, a new base isolator with variable isolation periods named as the Direction Optimized Friction Pendulum System (DO-FPS) has been proposed in this study. The proposed device is mainly composed of a spherical concave surface, a trench concave surface and an articulated slider. By using this special design, the isolation period will become dependent on the angle between the slider and the trench concave surface. Therefore, the undesirable phenomenon of resonance could always be prevented. In order to verify the functionality of the proposed device, a series of shaking table tests of a three story steel structure with DO-FPS base isolators were performed at the Department of Civil Engineering, Taichung, Feng Chia University, Taiwan. The test results revealed that the proposed device can effectively upgrade the seismic resistibility of a conventionally fixed base structure. Furthermore, the comparisons between the numerical and the experimental results show that the theory proposed in this study could predict the nonlinear behavior of the DO-FPS with good accuracy. Therefore, the proposed device can be considered as an excellent tool for upgrading the seismic resistibility of the traditional fixed base structure during severe earthquakes.
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Tsai, Wei-chan, and 蔡維展. "Applications of Multiple Direction Optimized-Friction Pendulum System to Structures." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69078423127033878700.

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碩士
逢甲大學
土木工程所
98
Multiple Direction Optimized Friction Pendulum System (MDO-FPS) is a kind of elastomeric-type base isolator. The friction coefficient, displacement capacity and radius of curvature of each sliding surface or intermediate sliding plate in each direction could be different. So the natural period and damping effect for a MDO-FPS isolator change continually during earthquakes. The MDO-FPS isolator also possesses an important characteristic in the natural period and damping effect that are a function of the directional angle of the sliding motion of the articulated slider during earthquakes. When contact is made with the displacement restrainer on the low-stiffness interface, the sliding motion on the low-stiffness interface will stop and the higher-stiffness interface continually sliding. It can effectively limit the displacement, avoid isolation system damage. In addition to it can limit the specific direction displacement which can be used to protect valuable equipment or facilities. Mathematical formulations of the MDO-FPS have been derived and using the “Multiple Yield and Bounding Surfaces Model” to show the hysteretic behavior of the MDO-FPS isolator in this article. In order to simulate the behavior of the MDO-FPS isolators that set on base of the structure. Using the computer program which call” NSAT (Nonlinear Stress Analysis Technique, develop byC.S.Tsai)”to do computer simulation test. Let people know how to design an ideal isolator. Furthermore, results from shaking table tests demonstrate that the proposed isolator provides good protection to structures for preventing damage from strong earthquakes.
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Books on the topic "Directional friction"

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Biomechanical models of hand coupling for axial torque and push exertions: Effects of torque direction, hand-handle friction, and handle size on axial torque and push exertions for cylindrical handles. Saarbrücken: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2008.

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Bi-Directional, Buried-Wire Skin-Friction Gage. Independently Published, 2018.

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Greenstein, Shane, Chris Forman, and Avi Goldfarb. How Geography Shapes—and Is Shaped by—the Internet. Edited by Gordon L. Clark, Maryann P. Feldman, Meric S. Gertler, and Dariusz Wójcik. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755609.013.21.

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The literature on the geographical implications of the Internet are reviewed, both those studying the adoption and use of the Internet, as well as those examining the Internet’s economic consequences for productivity, wealth, innovation, trade, and consumer behavior. The chapter emphasizes that the Internet reduces three key interrelated economic frictions: communication costs, transportation costs, and search costs. The impact of reducing these frictions varies across locations because it depends on three factors that vary locally: preferences, the availability of substitutes, and the availability of complements. Thus, the diffusion of the Internet benefits some locations more than others. The chapter concludes by discussing directions for future research.
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Book chapters on the topic "Directional friction"

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Grätzel, Michael, Sven Other, Benedict Stoll, Maximilian Rohe, Michael Hasieber, Torsten Löhn, Jörg Hildebrand, et al. "Investigation of the Directional Characteristics of the Emitted Airborne Sound by Friction Stir Welding for Online Process Monitoring." In 2nd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes (AJP 2021), 41–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95463-5_3.

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Akinlabi, Esther Titilayo, and Rasheedat Modupe Mahamood. "Future Research Direction in Friction Welding, Friction Stir Welding and Friction Stir Processing." In Mechanical Engineering Series, 131–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37015-2_7.

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Schwarz, U. D., H. Bluhm, H. Hölscher, W. Allers, and R. Wiesendanger. "Friction in the Low-Load Regime: Studies on the Pressure and Direction Dependence of Frictional Forces by Means of Friction Force Microscopy." In Physics of Sliding Friction, 369–402. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8705-1_23.

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Sabat, K., N. Cheung, J. E. Spinelli, L. C. Casteletti, and A. Garcia. "Influence of Solidification Microstructure on the Wear Resistance of Al-Si and Al-Sn Alloys Directionally Solidified under Unsteady State Conditions." In Friction, Wear and Wear Protection, 595–603. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527628513.ch77.

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Albers, A., M. Behrendt, and S. Ott. "Friction and Wear of Highly Loaded Mixed Lubrication Contacts Influenced by Superposed Sliding Directions and Intermittent Surface Pressure Performed on a Novel Model Bench." In Friction, Wear and Wear Protection, 453–59. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527628513.ch57.

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Patil, Sangram S., and Vikas M. Phalle. "Fault Detection of Anti-friction Bearing Using AdaBoost Decision Tree." In Computational Intelligence: Theories, Applications and Future Directions - Volume I, 565–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1132-1_44.

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Domingues, Beatriz, Joana M. Silva, Ivo M. Aroso, Estêvão Lima, Alexandre A. Barros, and Rui L. Reis. "Coatings for Urinary Stents: Current State and Future Directions." In Urinary Stents, 209–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04484-7_18.

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AbstractUrinary stent coatings are a strategy to tackle certain complications associated with the use of biomaterials. The latest innovations in surface coatings focused on the prevention of those problems, thus reducing further costs with treatments. Urinary stents associated symptoms, infections and encrustation are considered the major challenges, and, in an attempt to prevent such morbidity, several strategies were developed. Hence, coatings have been designed to improve quality of life for patients, reducing the friction, inhibiting uropathogens survival or attachment on stents, and avoiding the deposition of urinary crystals that triggers encrustation. Currently for ureteral stents, hydrophilic and diamond-like carbon coatings are commercial options associated with an enhanced performance of devices, comparing with uncoated ones. These commercially available approaches are all anti-adhesive coatings, and, in the general overview, this type of strategy appears to be a superior alternative than bactericidal coatings. Designs that trigger uropathogen death are usually associated with higher toxicity, and, in some cases, it can even favor the development of microbial resistance, which can hamper the infection treatment. With the present knowledge about antimicrobial mechanisms and inspired by nature, more cutting-edge alternatives, able to confer antimicrobial properties to the inner and outer parts of stents, will surely appear.
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Gerlach, T., and M. Achmus. "Degradation of axial friction resistance on buried district heating pipes." In Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 2021–27. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348443-331.

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Gerlach, T., and M. Achmus. "Degradation of axial friction resistance on buried district heating pipes." In Current Perspectives and New Directions in Mechanics, Modelling and Design of Structural Systems, 703–4. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003348450-331.

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Yachia, Daniel. "New Double-J Stent Design for Preventing/Reducing Irritative Bladder Symptoms and Flank Pain." In Urinary Stents, 375–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04484-7_30.

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AbstractUreteral stents entered the urologists armamentarium after Finney described the first Double-J in the late 1970s. Despite the problems they create, yearly 1.5–2 million ureteral stents are inserted world-wide into obstructed ureters, either in their original JJ shape or in their various modifications for short and long indwelling period. About 15% of these stents are used in chronically obstructed ureters. This chapter describes a ureteral stent with a modified bladder end for preventing/reducing the irritative symptoms induced by the trigonal area friction by the stent. This is obtained by changing the direction of its bladder end and by adding a novel antireflux element for preventing reflux of urine to the kidney causing flank pain.
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Conference papers on the topic "Directional friction"

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Yim, Sehyuk, and Doyoung Jeona. "Capsular microrobot using directional friction spiral." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robot.2009.5152341.

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Skyles, Lane, Yosef Amiraslani, and James Wilhoit. "Converting Static Friction to Kinetic Friction to Drill Further and Faster in Directional Holes." In IADC/SPE Drilling Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/151221-ms.

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Wangenheim, Matthias. "Directional Evaluation of Surface Topography Parameters and Dry Friction." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38848.

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Surface topography parameters commonly used do not give information on directional structures on a technical surface, that originate e.g. from manufacturing and finishing processes. On the other hand these sturctures might show large influence on the friction behaviour of these surfaces. A numerical study is performed with an unlubricated dynamic sealing contact, which is e.g. utilized in vacuum applications: These results are compared to directional evaluation of surface parameters. It is shown, that surface roughness parameters commonly used are neither appropriate to predict the level of friction on technical surfaces nor can they give information on directional properties of a counter surface.
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Maidla, E. E., and A. K. Wojtanowicz. "Field Method of Assessing Borehole Friction for Directional Well Casing." In Middle East Oil Show. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/15696-ms.

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SETO, JEFFREY, and HANS HORNUNG. "Two-directional skin friction measurement utilizing a compact internally mounted thin-liquid-film skin friction meter." In 31st Aerospace Sciences Meeting. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-180.

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Tsai, C. S., Yung-Chang Lin, H. C. Su, and Ya-Fang Tseng. "Nonlinear Analyses of a Building Isolated With Multiple Trench Friction Pendulum System Under Multi-Directional Excitations." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25594.

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The multiple trench friction pendulum system (MTFPS) which has numerous sliding interfaces in each of two perpendicular directions can provide different natural periods, displacement capacities and damping effects at various levels of displacements in the individual direction. In order to characterize the mechanical behavior of the MTFPS isolator under multi-directional earthquakes, a plasticity model named as the multiple yield and bounding surfaces model is proposed in this study. Investigations for buildings isolated with TFPS isolators and subjected to multi-directional excitations have been carried out to assess the performance of the MTFPS isolation bearing in seismic mitigation through numerical analyses. Results from numerical analyses illustrate that the MTFPS isolation bearing can isolate most earthquake induced energy and provide good protection for structures from earthquake damage.
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Kaelani, Yusuf, and Roy Yamsi Kurnia. "Identification method for stick slip contact within multi directional contact friction." In DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FOR INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICOME 2017). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5046285.

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Asai, Kunio, and Muzio M. Gola. "Experimental Verification of Friction Behaviors Under Periodically-Varied Normal Force by Developing a Two-Directional Friction Test System." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-42318.

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In order to achieve more accurate friction damping of turbine blades equipped with shroud covers and under-platform dampers, it is necessary to clarify such friction behaviors as tangential contact stiffness, micro-slips, and dissipated energy, under periodically varied normal force instead of constant normal force. Although some analytical studies were reported on the contact mechanics under alternating normal force, only minimal research has been conducted on the experimental verification of such behaviors, as friction tests were commonly done under constant normal force. In this study, we developed an original two-directional friction test system that can apply any combination of alternating normal and tangential forces by changing the displacement-controlled loading direction. In this system, relative displacement and contact force were measured simultaneously by using a laser Doppler displacement sensor and force transducers of the strain gage type. By using our original test system, we examined the dissipated energy under constant normal force and periodically-varied normal force whose amplitude is the same as that of tangential force with no phase difference. We then obtained a new finding that dissipated energy depends on alternating normal force under the same mean normal force and alternating tangential force. More specifically, when the tangential force coefficient, defined as the ratio of the amplitude of alternating tangential force to mean normal force, is large enough to cause a macro-slip, dissipated energy under variable normal force is smaller than that under constant normal force. Conversely, when tangential force coefficient is small in the micro-slip region, dissipated energy under variable normal force is larger than that under constant normal force. This behavior was successfully reproduced by FE analysis based on a macro-slip model, where an array of macro-slip elements was used to describe micro-slip behavior. It was found that alternating normal force makes it easier to cause a micro-slip in a certain area of the contact surface under variable normal force, resulting in higher dissipated energy than at constant normal force when tangential force coefficient is small. In this study, basic friction data were also obtained regarding the tangential contact stiffness with variations in contact pressure, as well as the relation between a micro-slip and the tangential force coefficient. Tangential contact stiffness increases as contact pressure increases. In addition, tangential contact stiffness increases with the nominal contact area, but is not proportional to the area. The non-dimensional slip range (corresponding to the ratio of slip range to stick displacement) was confirmed as being described in a unified form against different contact area (6 and 18 mm2) and contact pressure ranging from 3 to 40 MPa.
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Balaji, M. A. Sai, Eakambaram Arumugam, P. Baskara Sethupathi, S. Habib Rahmathulla, and H. Sultan Navid. "The Effect of Chopped Steel Fibre Orientation on Frictional Properties in a Phenolic Resin-based Asbestos-free Semimetallic Friction Material." In EuroBrake 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/8511493eb2021-mds-004.

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The effect of directional orientation of Chopped steel wool fiber in a friction material matrix / Brake pads that influences Friction, Wear and Mechanical properties of the Brake pads have been evaluated in a phenolic resin-based asbestos-free semi-metallic friction material composition. </p><p>Brake pad compositions widely use chopped steel wool fibers having a nominal length of less than 10 mm; diameter of about 500 microns; carbon content between 0.05 – 0.15 % as reinforcement. During compounding and mixing of friction material formulation, chopped Steel wool fibers along with dozen other raw materials are mixed/homogenized using plough shear mixer resulting in the steel fibers dispersed and oriented randomly in different plan and direction in the mixture and so over the final brake pad matrix too. </p><p>Trials have been carried out in Fricmart’s prototype Lab to orient chopped steel wool fiber in an uni directional plan in various semi-metallic formulations and progress has been achieved only in a medium- steel brake pad formulation that contains about 25% chopped steel fibers. Fricmart’s S-428 grade Steel wool fiber conforming to the above said specification has been used in the experiments. Fibers were initially classified using a set of sieves to remove the fines having diameter and length less than 200 microns and 3 mm respectively to meet the desired loose density / bulk density limit of 0.55 – 0.70 gm/cc to support the process of orientation. Further, a brake pad model that has rectangular geometry ( Merc. W-123 Pad) with an area of about 50 sq. cm was chosen to conduct the trials and to support the process of orientation. Brake pads were molded using conventional compression molding process at temp. of 150 deg. C with specific pressure of 250 bar and 6 minutes curing followed by 4 hours step curing ( post-baking ) to max. temp. of 180 deg. C in an air oven . Preparation of Samples: Sample 1 -By employing bi-directional magnetic field coupled with other special charging chute and dispersing techniques, the desired orientation of chopped steel wool fiber that was targeted to be parallel to the sliding direction of the brake (pad) was achieved to a level of more than 90% evenly oriented throughout the layer and matrix of the brake pad. Fricmart’s PLM – Stereo Microscope surveillance facility is used to ascertain percentage orientation during trials. Sample - 2: Brake pads processed as above by “parallel orientation to sliding direction’’ have later been used to study the effect of “orientation in perpendicular to the sliding direction’’ just by “inverting the new sample” specimen at the time of testing. Sample - 3: One set of brake pads were processed as per industries standard using the same batch/composition of raw materials with a random distribution of chopped steel wool fiber under identical process condition without carrying out directional orientation. Testing & Evaluation:The samples were cut from the brake pad and tested in Chase Type Friction Tester as per SAE J661 – small sample testing and the following are the observations. Internal shear measured as per ISO 6311 of sample -1 was significantly higher than sample – 2 & least in the case of sample 3 Faster bedding or faster adaptability to the disc in case of the sample- 1. 80% bedding achieved within 10 minutes of burnishing as compared to 20 minutes in case of samples- 2 & 3. The coefficient of friction is also dependent on the fiber orientation and µ for the developed pad ranges between 0.35 and 0.40. Fade resistance for samples 1 & 2 is superior when compared to sample 3.</p><p>Further, it was observed that as temperature increases, initially there was abrasion/plowing and on a further rise in temperature, a transfer film was developed making the steady-state friction. The wear rates decreased if the sliding path/direction changes from parallel to the perpendicular direction. The worn surface morphology was studied using FESEM and found that wear resistance is found to relate to the stability of the developed film. Sample 1 with the fibers oriented parallel to the sliding direction exhibited smoother running whereas sample 2 created undesirable judder noise. Hence it can be concluded that the Orientation of fibers with respect to sliding direction is preferable to the randomly oriented fibers towards frictional characteristics.
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Tsai, C. S., Yung-Chang Lin, and H. C. Su. "Characteristic and Modeling of Multiple Direction Optimized-Friction Pendulum System With Numerous Sliding Interfaces Subjected to Multi-Directional Excitations." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25598.

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In this paper, a base isolator call the multiple direction optimized-friction pendulum system (Multiple DO-FPS) with numerous sliding interfaces is proposed. For understanding the mechanical behavior of the Multiple DO-PFS isolator under multi-directional excitations, an analytical model called the multiple yield and bounding surfaces model is also proposed. On the basis of the derived mathematical formulations for the simulation of the characteristic of the Multiple DO-FPS isolation bearing, it is revealed that the natural period and damping effect for a Multiple DO-FPS is a function of the sliding displacement and sliding direction. By virtue of the proposed model, the phenomena of the sliding motions of the Multiple DO-FPS isolator with numerous sliding interfaces subjected to multi-directional excitations can be simply understood. Analytical results infer that the natural frequency and damping effect of the Multiple DO-PFS isolator with numerous concave sliding interfaces change continually during earthquakes and are controllable through appropriate designs.
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Reports on the topic "Directional friction"

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Leonard, Naomi E., and P. S. Krishnaprasad. Adaptive Friction Compensation for Bi-Directional Low-Velocity Position Tracking. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada455018.

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Ziegler, Nancy, Nicholas Webb, Adrian Chappell, and Sandra LeGrand. Scale invariance of albedo-based wind friction velocity. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40499.

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Obtaining reliable estimates of aerodynamic roughness is necessary to interpret and accurately predict aeolian sediment transport dynamics. However, inherent uncertainties in field measurements and models of surface aerodynamic properties continue to undermine aeolian research, monitoring, and dust modeling. A new relation between aerodynamic shelter and land surface shadow has been established at the wind tunnel scale, enabling the potential for estimates of wind erosion and dust emission to be obtained across scales from albedo data. Here, we compare estimates of wind friction velocity (u*) derived from traditional methods (wind speed profiles) with those derived from the albedo model at two separate scales using bare soil patch (via net radiometers) and landscape (via MODIS 500 m) datasets. Results show that profile-derived estimates of u* are highly variable in anisotropic surface roughness due to changes in wind direction and fetch. Wind speed profiles poorly estimate soil surface (bed) wind friction velocities necessary for aeolian sediment transport research and modeling. Albedo-based estimates of u* at both scales have small variability because the estimate is integrated over a defined, fixed area and resolves the partition of wind momentum be-tween roughness elements and the soil surface. We demonstrate that the wind tunnel-based calibration of albedo for predicting wind friction velocities at the soil surface (us*) is applicable across scales. The albedo-based approach enables consistent and reliable drag partition correction across scales for model and field estimates of us* necessary for wind erosion and dust emission modeling.
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Wu, Yingjie, Selim Gunay, and Khalid Mosalam. Hybrid Simulations for the Seismic Evaluation of Resilient Highway Bridge Systems. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ytgv8834.

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Bridges often serve as key links in local and national transportation networks. Bridge closures can result in severe costs, not only in the form of repair or replacement, but also in the form of economic losses related to medium- and long-term interruption of businesses and disruption to surrounding communities. In addition, continuous functionality of bridges is very important after any seismic event for emergency response and recovery purposes. Considering the importance of these structures, the associated structural design philosophy is shifting from collapse prevention to maintaining functionality in the aftermath of moderate to strong earthquakes, referred to as “resiliency” in earthquake engineering research. Moreover, the associated construction philosophy is being modernized with the utilization of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques, which strive to reduce the impact of construction on traffic, society, economy and on-site safety. This report presents two bridge systems that target the aforementioned issues. A study that combined numerical and experimental research was undertaken to characterize the seismic performance of these bridge systems. The first part of the study focuses on the structural system-level response of highway bridges that incorporate a class of innovative connecting devices called the “V-connector,”, which can be used to connect two components in a structural system, e.g., the column and the bridge deck, or the column and its foundation. This device, designed by ACII, Inc., results in an isolation surface at the connection plane via a connector rod placed in a V-shaped tube that is embedded into the concrete. Energy dissipation is provided by friction between a special washer located around the V-shaped tube and a top plate. Because of the period elongation due to the isolation layer and the limited amount of force transferred by the relatively flexible connector rod, bridge columns are protected from experiencing damage, thus leading to improved seismic behavior. The V-connector system also facilitates the ABC by allowing on-site assembly of prefabricated structural parts including those of the V-connector. A single-column, two-span highway bridge located in Northern California was used for the proof-of-concept of the proposed V-connector protective system. The V-connector was designed to result in an elastic bridge response based on nonlinear dynamic analyses of the bridge model with the V-connector. Accordingly, a one-third scale V-connector was fabricated based on a set of selected design parameters. A quasi-static cyclic test was first conducted to characterize the force-displacement relationship of the V-connector, followed by a hybrid simulation (HS) test in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to verify the intended linear elastic response of the bridge system. In the HS test, all bridge components were analytically modeled except for the V-connector, which was simulated as the experimental substructure in a specially designed and constructed test setup. Linear elastic bridge response was confirmed according to the HS results. The response of the bridge with the V-connector was compared against that of the as-built bridge without the V-connector, which experienced significant column damage. These results justified the effectiveness of this innovative device. The second part of the study presents the HS test conducted on a one-third scale two-column bridge bent with self-centering columns (broadly defined as “resilient columns” in this study) to reduce (or ultimately eliminate) any residual drifts. The comparison of the HS test with a previously conducted shaking table test on an identical bridge bent is one of the highlights of this study. The concept of resiliency was incorporated in the design of the bridge bent columns characterized by a well-balanced combination of self-centering, rocking, and energy-dissipating mechanisms. This combination is expected to lead to minimum damage and low levels of residual drifts. The ABC is achieved by utilizing precast columns and end members (cap beam and foundation) through an innovative socket connection. In order to conduct the HS test, a new hybrid simulation system (HSS) was developed, utilizing commonly available software and hardware components in most structural laboratories including: a computational platform using Matlab/Simulink [MathWorks 2015], an interface hardware/software platform dSPACE [2017], and MTS controllers and data acquisition (DAQ) system for the utilized actuators and sensors. Proper operation of the HSS was verified using a trial run without the test specimen before the actual HS test. In the conducted HS test, the two-column bridge bent was simulated as the experimental substructure while modeling the horizontal and vertical inertia masses and corresponding mass proportional damping in the computer. The same ground motions from the shaking table test, consisting of one horizontal component and the vertical component, were applied as input excitations to the equations of motion in the HS. Good matching was obtained between the shaking table and the HS test results, demonstrating the appropriateness of the defined governing equations of motion and the employed damping model, in addition to the reliability of the developed HSS with minimum simulation errors. The small residual drifts and the minimum level of structural damage at large peak drift levels demonstrated the superior seismic response of the innovative design of the bridge bent with self-centering columns. The reliability of the developed HS approach motivated performing a follow-up HS study focusing on the transverse direction of the bridge, where the entire two-span bridge deck and its abutments represented the computational substructure, while the two-column bridge bent was the physical substructure. This investigation was effective in shedding light on the system-level performance of the entire bridge system that incorporated innovative bridge bent design beyond what can be achieved via shaking table tests, which are usually limited by large-scale bridge system testing capacities.
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