Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Directed search of options'
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Huang, Ce. "Directed search for differentiated goods." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40415.
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In three directed search models with horizontal differentiation, this thesis characterizes the unique symmetric equilibrium for each model and studies the welfare property of equilibrium allocations. In Chapter 2, horizontal differentiation is modeled as buyers' valuations being independent. In equilibrium, sellers use a mixed strategy with the support consisting of a countable number of prices. Equilibrium price dispersion exists and equilibrium allocation is constrained inefficient due to price dispersion. Chapter 3 extends the model in Chapter 2 by allowing different degrees of horizontal differentiation. With large degrees of horizontal differentiation, sellers use a mixed strategy qualitatively similar to the equilibrium in Chapter 2. With small degrees of differentiation, sellers use a pure strategy. Chapter 4 extends the model in Chapter 2 by allowing differentiation to be endogenous. Initially buyers are equally uncertain about the characteristics of sellers' goods and no differentiation exists. Then sellers choose prices together with the amounts of information disclosed to buyers about the characteristics of sellers' goods. Information disclosure leads to differentiation after buyers receive the information. It is shown that a seller's profit by disclosing full information is higher than that by disclosing partial information. In equilibrium both sellers disclose full information and use a pricing strategy that is identical to the equilibrium in Chapter 2.
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Schmidt, Frederik. "User directed search based reverse engineering." AUT University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/836.
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The current research represents the planning, design, implementation and evaluation of a user directed software clustering approach that utilizes Search Based Software Engineering (SBSE). The aim of this research is to examine if a user directed software clustering approach contributes to the quality of software clustering. Because of the explorative and constructive character this research project utilises the System Development Research Methodology. This research is enabled by the implementation of the Search Based Reverse Engineering (SBRE) component. The SBRE component features multiple similarity measurements and the inclusion of user constraints in the clustering process to create different implementation perspectives of the software system depending on the requirements and preferences of the stakeholders. These similarity measurements are based on software metrics, which measure different software-attributes. The SBRE component utilizes a greedy and tabu search algorithm for the identification of the cluster landscape of the analyzed software systems. The evaluation showed that a user controlled SBSE cluster approach is able to adapt to different user configurations and derive corresponding cluster landscapes from software systems. Different measures are introduced to control the cluster process. It has been shown how these measures contribute to the quality of the clustering. It is demonstrated that tabu search is applicable in the field of software clustering. Finally, it has been examined that a multiple metric approach allows adapting the clustering process to the requirements of the stakeholders and the design of the software system to optimize the clustering result.
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Ueno, Yuko. "Vacancy market structure and directed search." Thesis, University of Essex, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.571500.
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This paper analyzes labor market frictions caused by heterogeneity among traders on the demand side (firms). Vacancy numbers per firm created at once can vary, and this heterogeneity affects the application probability of workers through the wage settings of firms, which determines the overall matching efficiency. I formulate a matching function that reflects vacancy concentration level in its efficiency parameter, and verify that concentration improves matching efficiency when its level is not so high, and such positive impacts can peak at an intermediate concentration level for the period of 1996-2005 in the Japanese regional labor markets (Chapter 1). In the following chapters, I examine whether this result fits the theoretical prediction. For this aim, I present a directed search model in which vacancy distribution among firms is asymmetric, in order to investigate matching efficiency and equilibrium wage levels. In Chapter 2, the model considers a monopsony market with two firms that have multiple vacancies each, while in Chapter 3 I extend the model to allow wage competition among more than two firms, using the framework of a dominant firm and competitive fringe firms. The models indicate that the derived equilibrium is generally not constrained efficient, and that matching efficiency can deteriorate with concentration, depending on the concentration level and worker-vacancy ratio. These results are consistent with my empirical findings of regional labor markets in Chapter 1. In the model of Chapter 3, the gap between the maximized output level in an efficient market and the level of the equilibrium is minimized in the case of intermediate concentration. Further, positive wage differentials are usually not obtained, but are obtained under certain market parameters.
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Divounguy-Nding, Orphe Pierre. "Essays on applications of directed search." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/373846/.
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This dissertation contributes to the economics literature by demonstrating the relative ease with which we can use the directed search model to shed some light on the behavior of heterogeneous agents whose decision depend on expected outcomes in two-sided frictional markets. The three chapters in this dissertation answer questions related to selection into frictional labor and marriage markets.
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Bi, Sheng. "Dissertation on competitive and directed search." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010045/document.
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Nous prenons l’approche d’annonce des salaires avec la recherche d’emploi à étudier trois problèmes dans le marché du travail. Le premier problème concerne l’arrêt de travail prématuré des travailleurs. Tel arrêt de travail prématuré crée des risques de chiffre d’affaires pour les entreprises, donc les entreprises veulent proposer des profils de salaire pour minimiser ces risques. Dans ce problème, l’asymétrie de l’information joue un rôle important. Nous adoptons une approche du mécanisme design et considérons les différents timings auxquels l’information privée est réalisée. Dans un papier de suivi, nous proposons une politique d’Age spécifique par laquelle cette inefficacité peut être atténuée, et étudions son implication sur le bien-être et la production globale. Dans le deuxième problème, nous revisitons l’analyse du bien-être de l’impact de la discrimination sur le choix des compétences sous une norme d’embauche multidimensionnelle le long des caractéristiques qui sont soit liées à la productivité soit indépendantes de la productivité. Nous montrons comment l’investissement de compétences stratégique entre le groupe favorise et discrimine se pose. Nous comparons également deux mécanismes de détermination des salaires (salaire annoncé et négocié) pour vérifier la robustesse de résultats. Dans le troisième problème, nous considérons dans quelle mesure l’allocation de chômage et le salaire minimum peuvent corriger les répartitions inefficaces découlant du pouvoir de marche des firmes. Notre contexte concerne les petits marchés ou le ratio travailleurs/firmes ne soit pas grand. L’imperfection de marche vient du fait qu’au marché du travail à petite échelle les firmes paient un niveau de salaire moins que le niveau compétitif. Nous procédons à partir d’un point de vue d’organisation industrielle, et proposons en se concentrant sur la mauvaise répartition d’emploi et de surplus lors de l’analyse de l’efficacité de l’instrument de la politiqueWe take the wage posting approach with search friction to study three issues in labor market. The first issue concerns the premature quitting of workers. Our framework is suitable for contexts such as disability shock, retirement, maternity leaves etc. Such premature quitting creates turnover risks for firms, hence the firms propose wage profiles to minimize or avoid it. In this issue, the asymmetric information plays an important role. We adopt an approach of mechanism design and consider different timings at which the private information is realized. In a follow-up paper, we propose an age-directed policy by which this inefficiency can be alleviated and study its implication on welfare and aggregate output. In the second issue, we revisit welfare analysis of impact of discrimination on skill choice under a multi-dimensional hiring norm along both productivity-related and -unrelated characteristics. We show how strategic skill investment between favored and discriminated group arise. We compare also two wage determination mechanisms (posted and bargained wage). In the third issue, we consider to which extent can the roles of unemployment benefit and minimum wage correct inefficient allocations arising from firms’ market power. Our context concerns small markets where the workers/firms ratio is not large. The market imperfection comes from the fact that in such a small market firms pay less than competitive level of wages. We proceed from an industrial organizational perspective and suggest focusing on both misallocation of labor and surplus when analyzing the effectiveness of the policy instrument
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Clark, Matthew. "Direct-search method for the computer design of holograms." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301220.
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Bi, Sheng [Verfasser]. "Dissertation on Competitive and Directed Search / Sheng BI." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081487941/34.
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Lluch, Lafuente Alberto. "Directed search for the verification of communication protocols." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.freidok.uni-freiburg.de/volltexte/791.
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Li, Yinghao. "Directed annealing search in constraint satisfaction and optimization." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300251.
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Binz, Marcel. "Learning Goal-Directed Behaviour." Thesis, KTH, Robotik, perception och lärande, RPL, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-213015.
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Learning behaviour of artificial agents is commonly studied in the framework of Reinforcement Learning. Reinforcement Learning gained increasing popularity in the past years. This is partially due to developments that enabled the possibility to employ complex function approximators, such as deep networks, in combination with the framework. Two of the core challenges in Reinforcement Learning are the correct assignment of credits over long periods of time and dealing with sparse rewards. In this thesis we propose a framework based on the notions of goals to tackle these problems. This work implements several components required to obtain a form of goal-directed behaviour, similar to how it is observed in human reasoning. This includes the representation of a goal space, learning how to set goals and finally how to reach them. The framework itself is build upon the options model, which is a common approach for representing temporally extended actions in Reinforcement Learning. All components of the proposed method can be implemented as deep networks and the complete system can be learned in an end-to-end fashion using standard optimization techniques. We evaluate the approachon a set of continuous control problems of increasing difficulty. We show, that we are able to solve a difficult gathering task, which poses a challenge to state-of-the-art Reinforcement Learning algorithms. The presented approach is furthermore able to scale to complex kinematic agents of the MuJoCo benchmark.Inlärning av beteende för artificiella agenter studeras vanligen inom Reinforcement Learning.Reinforcement Learning har på senare tid fått ökad uppmärksamhet, detta berordelvis på utvecklingen som gjort det möjligt att använda komplexa funktionsapproximerare, såsom djupa nätverk, i kombination med Reinforcement Learning. Två av kärnutmaningarnainom reinforcement learning är credit assignment-problemet över långaperioder samt hantering av glesa belöningar. I denna uppsats föreslår vi ett ramverk baseratpå delvisa mål för att hantera dessa problem. Detta arbete undersöker de komponentersom krävs för att få en form av målinriktat beteende, som liknar det som observerasi mänskligt resonemang. Detta inkluderar representation av en målrymd, inlärningav målsättning, och till sist inlärning av beteende för att nå målen. Ramverket byggerpå options-modellen, som är ett gemensamt tillvägagångssätt för att representera temporaltutsträckta åtgärder inom Reinforcement Learning. Alla komponenter i den föreslagnametoden kan implementeras med djupa nätverk och det kompletta systemet kan tränasend-to-end med hjälp av vanliga optimeringstekniker. Vi utvärderar tillvägagångssättetpå en rad kontinuerliga kontrollproblem med varierande svårighetsgrad. Vi visar att vikan lösa en utmanande samlingsuppgift, som tidigare state-of-the-art algoritmer har uppvisatsvårigheter för att hitta lösningar. Den presenterade metoden kan vidare skalas upptill komplexa kinematiska agenter i MuJoCo-simuleringar.
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Williams, Richard Earl. "Holland's Self-Directed Search: A Measure of Interests of Abilities?" Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501104/.
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This study examined the relationship between the sub-components of Holland's Self-Directed Search and independent, objective measures of ability using a comprehensive battery of well-validated tests of primary abilities corresponding to each of Holland's six vocational interest types. The sample consisted of 149 female undergraduate students, ages 18-25. Correlation of the ability measure test scores with the four Self-Directed Search subcomponents revealed that the subtests were not related to corresponding measures of ability in a consistent fashion. Implications for the use of the Self-Directed Search in assessing abilities are discussed along with suggestions for future research investigating the relationhip between interest in ventories and the measurement of primary abilities.
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Mantas, P. "A directed search algorithm for secondary state assignment of sequential machines." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276370.
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Newbold, Elizabeth A. "Analysis of manning options for Visit, Board, Search, and Seizure teams." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/45915.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis research explores the viability of qualifying and manning Visit, Board, Search, and Seizure (VBSS) teams with Marine infantrymen from the Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU) that are deployed with amphibious readiness groups. The VBSS element is an area that needs to be certified for surface combatants before deployment, and is required according to the Required Operational Capabilities, Projected Operational Environment, but it consumes time, material, and personnel from multi-mission naval ships. The sailors who execute VBSS do so as collateral duty, and the missions are considered evolutions (temporarily manned watch stations). This results in VBSS teams that are insufficiently trained and not performing the mission as described in the Navy Tactics, Techniques and Procedures 3–07–11M Maritime Interception Operations (MIO). The author used an analytical approach that the Combined Maritime Forces could use to assign Marine VBSS teams to ships tasked with MIO. The findings of this research recommend the elimination of sailors in the execution of Required Operational Capabilities element Missions of State 4.4 (VBSS mission). It is further recommended to use MEU Marines to execute the VBSS mission onboard surface combatants.
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Moore-Hayes, Coleen. "Using problem-based learning to develop a self-directed, job-search course." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0017/MQ53617.pdf.
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Frintrop, Simone. "VOCUS: a visual attention system for object detection and goal-directed search /." Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0661/2006921341-d.html.
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Rivera, Silva Eduardo Felipe. "Wage inequality in Chile: a directed search approach with heterogeneous skill distribution." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/146596.
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Magíster en Economía AplicadaThe following work is a study about wage inequality in Chile. Wage inequality is understood as the difference in total wages earned by the high earners and low earners. This thesis proposes a directed search model. This models are used to describe markets with frictions, in which markets don't necessarily clear. In particular, directed search models assume that the searchers direct their efforts towards specific markets, characterized by the same posted wage. The model also considers a distribution of skills, with a law of motion, that under certain conditions converges into a steady state distribution, which is then used to check the job market for each skill level, as well as the wages and output of the economy. To help calibrate, the data was collected from public government sources, and the model was computed using numeric methods for both the steady states and the wage distribution. The results point toward the existence of a trade-off between equality and efficiency, where countries where the highly productive are paid the biggest share of output are also the ones that produce more and are thus more efficient, while markets with a more even distribution of wages also have higher levels of unemployment and less total output. Also, the model implies that currently Chile leans a bit more towards a more "rigid" distribution, and therefore has a higher amount of wage inequality, still far from the more mobile models. Finally, the study suggests how policy could shape the direction and steady state of the distribution of skills, and suggests further lines of investigation to follow.
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Onuchic, Paula Ferreira. "The risk-incentive trade-off in competitive search." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13636.
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I use the competitive search framework to model a job market with heterogeneous workers in which there is a moral hazard problem in the employer-worker relation. In this setting, I can predict how contracts react to changes in underlying parameters of the market (in particular, the production risk), as well as how the probability of each type of worker being hired responds. My main finding is that while at the individual level there is a negative risk- incentive trade-off, general equilibrium effects imply that the effect can be positive at the aggregate level depending on the market search frictions and the distribution of types. My re- sults help shed some light on some puzzling empirical findings on the risk-incentives trade-off.
Usando a abordagem de competitive search, modelo um mercado de trabalho com trabalhadores heterogêneos no qual há um problema de risco moral na relação entre firmas e trabalhadores. Nesse contexto, consigo prever como contratos reagem a mudanças nos parâmetros do mercado (em particular, o risco de produção), assim como a variação da probabilidade dos trabalhadores serem contratados. Minha contribuição principal é ver que, no nível individual, existe uma relação negativa entre risco e incentivos, mas efeitos de equilíbrio geral implicam que essa relação pode ser positiva no nível agregado. Esse resultado ajuda a esclarecer resultados empíricos contraditórios sobre a relação entre risco e incentivos.
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Bhuma, Venkata Deepti Kiran. "Bidirectional LAO algorithm a faster approach to solve goal-directed MDPs /." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2004. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukycosc2004t00187/VBThesis.pdf.
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Thesis (m.s.)--University of Kentucky, 2004.Title from document title page (viewed Jan. 5, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 32p. : ill. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-31).
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Werner, Jan-Philipp [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Burger. "High-Throughput Methods in Quantum Chemistry Directed Catalyst Search / Jan-Philipp Werner. Betreuer: Peter Burger." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027573290/34.
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Simmons, Alan. "Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Southern Bean Mosaic Virus (Cowpea Strain): in Search of a Viral Protease." TopSCHOLAR®, 1995. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/885.
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The second and largest open reading frame within the southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) genome encodes a 105 kDa polyprotein. Following translation, the polyprotein is cleaved to liberate various proteins necessary for SBMV replication. The elements within polyproteins of the picornavirus superfamily members have a conserved order: Vpg (viral protein, genome-linked)-protease-replicase. Amino acid sequence homologies indicate that the 105 kDa protein of SBMV contains a replicase very similar to those identified in polyproteins of the picorna-like viruses. The presence of a VPg covalently attached to the 5' end of the SBMV genome further suggests that SBMV may be considered a member of the picornavirus superfamily-Serine 558 within the SBMV polyprotein has been proposed to be a catalytic residue of a serine protease. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to create a mutant with a glycine at this position, and coupled in vitro transcription/translation was used to prepare 3H labeled translation products. SDS-PAGE and fluorography were then used to assay for the presence or absence of polyprotein cleavage. Although site-directed mutagenesis was successful in creating the mutant, a possible deletion that complicated the interpretation of the results was identified.
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Kollei, Tanja [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Voss. "Goal-Directed Visual Search: The Role of Cognition, Motivation and Emotion / Tanja Kollei ; Betreuer: Andreas Voss." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1180301463/34.
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Buchary, Eny Anggraini. "In search of viable policy options for responsible use of sardine resources in the Bali Strait, Indonesia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/21645.
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Traditional fisheries in developing countries are often marginalized from mainstream policymaking. This is crucial as many people depend on these fisheries for their livelihood. Using a case study of a traditional, medium-scale sardine (Sardinella lemuru) fishery employing paired purse seiners (slerek) in the upwelling ecosystem of the Bali Strait, Indonesia, the overall objective of this dissertation is to search for viable policy options for responsible use of the sardine resources. This is achieved by exploring issues in multiple domains: biological, ecological, social, economic and human dimensions. A synthesis of the official catch statistics shows that administrative inefficiencies and lack of good governance have created different versions of production statistics for the fishery. Not all sardine caught and landed are entirely reported; on average fishing-day, only about 45% of the catch is landed in government landing sites. Analyses show that the slerek fishery, contributes to the practise of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. From 1950 to 2001, only half to one-third of what were actually caught were reported. A socio-economic analysis indicates that financial uncertainty and poverty are the main reasons for this IUU fishing practise. Poverty index of average slerek fishing households plunged from 25.7 in 2004 to -8.6 in 2008, as the loan interest rate was set up to 38% per annum and sardine are dwindling. Single-species and ecosystem-based assessments concluded that the slerek fishery has overexploited the sardine resources. Ecosystem analyses (Ecopath with Ecosim: EwE) using 20-year simulations (2001-20) suggest that climatic variability would increase the fishery; with a caveat of increased landing volatility. Insights derived from five harvest strategies tested using stochastic El Niño effects show that only 50% fishing effort reduction from the 2001 level could provide a sustainable option in the long term. Finally, an evaluation of the sustainability status of these harvest strategies was implemented using RAPFISH with a newly-proposed evaluation field, the human dimensions of traditional fisheries. Results show that trade-offs between economic and human dimension options are crucial in our case, as forgone values from human dimension option is more than what we can derive from choosing an economic option.
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Ågren, Magnus. "Set Constraints for Local Search." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för datalogi, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8373.
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Combinatorial problems are ubiquitous in our society and solving such problems efficiently is often crucial. One technique for solving combinatorial problems is constraint-based local search. Its compositional nature together with its efficiency on large problem instances have made this technique particularly attractive. In this thesis we contribute to simplifying the solving of combinatorial problems using constraint-based local search. To provide higher-level modelling options, we introduce set variables and set constraints in local search by extending relevant local search concepts. We also propose a general scheme to follow in order to define what we call natural and balanced constraint measures, and accordingly define such measures for over a dozen set constraints. However, defining such measures for a new constraint is time-consuming and error-prone. To relieve the user from this, we provide generic measures for any set constraint modelled in monadic existential second-order logic. We also theoretically relate these measures to our proposed general scheme, and discuss implementation issues such as incremental algorithms and their worst-case complexities. To enable higher-level search algorithms, we introduce constraint-directed neighbourhoods in local search by proposing new constraint primitives for representing such neighbourhoods. Based on a constraint, possibly modelled in monadic existential second-order logic, these primitives return neighbourhoods with moves that are known in advance to achieve a decrease (or preservation, or increase) of the constraint measures, without the need to iterate over any other moves. We also present a framework for constraint-based local search where one can model and solve combinatorial problems with set variables and set constraints, use any set constraint modelled in monadic existential second-order logic, as well as use constraint-directed neighbourhoods. Experimental results on three real-life problems show the usefulness in practice of our theoretical results: our running times are comparable to the current state-of-the-art approaches to solving the considered problems.
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Behnke, Berit [Verfasser]. "A directed search for continuous gravitational waves from unknown isolated neutron stars at the galactic center / Berit Behnke." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2013. http://d-nb.info/1042065853/34.
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Azadniya, Ebrahim [Verfasser]. "Establishment of novel options for quantification of bioactive compounds via planar chromatographyeffect-directed analysis combined with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy / Ebrahim Azadniya." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200352513/34.
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Wood, Jacqueline. "Analysis of bacterial populations from the rumen by means of 16S rDNA directed oligonucleotides." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU100186.
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The overall aim of this work was to develop molecular based techniques that would allow the identification and quantification of Prevotella spp. in samples of rumen fluid. This was achieved by developing two methods, both based on PCR amplification of 16S rDNA extracted from rumen and faecal samples. The first method involved the amplification of microbial DNA with universal primers, followed by probing with either a Bacteroides Prevotella specific oligonucleotide (Bac/Pre) or a universal oligonucleotide. Comparison with control DNA extracted from pure cultures allowed the relative abundances of Bacteroides and Prevotella spp. to be calculated for samples of rumen fluid and faecal material. In rumen fluid samples the abundance of Bacteroides and Prevotella spp. ranged from 12 to 22% in samples from sheep and up to 36% in a sample of cow rumen fluid. In the faecal samples only 2 to 6% of the total bacteria population belonged to Bacteroides and Prevotella spp. A second method based on PCR-RFLP was developed for the identification of different Bacteroides/Prevotella ribotypes in rumen fluid and faecal samples. The combination of the two techniques allows the Bacteroides and Prevotella spp. present in the rumen to be comprehensively studied and were used to follow changes occurring in the rumen of two sheep whose diets were changed from a high barley diet to a high hay diet. Considerable variation in the Bacteroides and Prevotella population was found between the two animals during the experiment. For example, when both animals were being fed the high hay diet, one animal had 43% of the Bacteroides/Prevotella population belonging to ribotype 7, whereas the other animal contained no DNA belonging to ribotype 7. This work clearly demonstrates the use of the molecular techniques to study changes occurring within the complex ecosystem, such as the rumen. The development of additional 16S rDNA directed oligonucleotides specific for other rumen bacteria could allow all the major rumen bacteria to be investigated using the techniques presented here.
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KRISHNAMURTHY, ANUSHA. "STATISTICAL ESTIMATION AND REDUCTION OF LEAKAGE CURRENT BY INPUT VECTOR CONTROL WITH PROCESS VARIATIONS CONSIDERED." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1141407299.
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Wang, Entong. "Directed migration, re-orientation and inhibited proliferation of lens epithelial cells in applied electric fields." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU485602.
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Physiological electric fields (EFs) exist in the vertebrate lens, but the importance of the endogenous EF is not well understood yet. In the present study, an applied EF to mimic endogenous EFs was applied to cultured lens epithelial cells (LECs) to investigate the effects of EFs on the behaviours of LECs and the underlying mechanisms. It was showed that LEG migration was directed and migration rate was increased in applied EFs, and serum or growth factors were required for these EF-induced cell responses. LECs elongated and re-oriented to lie perpendicular to field vector. Healing of LEG monolayer wounds was also influenced by EF polarity. EF exposure enhanced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) ½ and induced an asymmetric distribution of active ERK ½ in monolayer wounds. Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitor U0126 inhibited the directed migration and reorientation of LECs in EFs and the healing of LEG monolayer wound, and U0126 also completely prevented activation of ERK ½ in LECs. It is suggested that MAP kinase signaling pathways were involved in the responses of LECs to EF stimulation. EF exposure also inhibited the proliferation of the LECs. Cell cycle analysis showed that EF exposure inhibited the Gl/S transition of the cell cycle progression in LECs, resulting in a Gl-block. The EF-induced down-regulated expression of Gl-specific cell cycle protein cyclin E and the up-regulated expression of cyclin-Cdk (cycle dependent kinase) complex inhibitor p27 kipl were accounted for the cell cycle arrest of LECs in EFs. This study implies that a physiological EF may be one of the guidance cues regulating LEG behaviours in vivo and applying EFs may be one way of controlling aberrant LEG behaviours in vitro and in vivo.
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Dubey, Anshul. "Search and Analysis of the Sequence Space of a Protein Using Computational Tools." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14115.
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A new approach to the process of Directed Evolution is proposed, which utilizes different machine learning algorithms. Directed Evolution is a process of improving a protein for catalytic purposes by introducing random mutations in its sequence to create variants. Through these mutations, Directed Evolution explores the sequence space, which is defined as all the possible sequences for a given number of amino acids. Each variant sequence is divided into one of two classes, positive or negative, according to their activity or stability. By employing machine learning algorithms for feature selection on the sequence of these variants of the protein, attributes or amino acids in its sequence important for the classification into positive or negative, can be identified. Support Vector Machines (SVMs) were utilized to identify the important individual amino acids for any protein, which have to be preserved to maintain its activity. The results for the case of beta-lactamase show that such residues can be identified with high accuracy while using a small number of variant sequences. Another class of machine learning problems, Boolean Learning, was used to extend this approach to identifying interactions between the different amino acids in a proteins sequence using the variant sequences. It was shown through simulations that such interactions can be identified for any protein with a reasonable number of variant sequences. For experimental verification of this approach, two fluorescent proteins, mRFP and DsRed, were used to generate variants, which were screened for fluorescence. Using Boolean Learning, an interacting pair was identified, which was shown to be important for the fluorescence. It was also shown through experiments and simulations that knowing such pairs can increase the fraction active variants in the library. A Boolean Learning algorithm was also developed for this application, which can learn Boolean functions from data in the presence of classification noise.
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Aldrich, Linda Marie. "Analysis of self directed search levels of congruence and the California Psychological Inventory structural scales and the California Psychological Inventory personality types /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487693923199123.
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Seyedarabi, Faezeh. "Developing a model of teachers' web-based information searching : a study of search options and features to support personalised educational resource discovery." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10018062/.
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This study has investigated the search options and features teachers use and prefer to have, when personalising their online search for teaching resources. This study focused on making web searching easier for UK teacher practitioners at primary, secondary and post-compulsory levels. In this study, a triangulated mixed method approach was carried out in a two phase iterative case study involving 75 teacher practitioners working in the UK educational setting. In this case study, a sequential evidence gathering method called ‘System Development Life Cycle’ (SDLC) was adapted linking findings obtained from the structured questionnaires, observations and semi-structured interviews in order to design, develop and test two versions of an experimental search tool called “PoSTech!”. This research has contributed to knowledge by offering a model of teachers’ web information needs and search behaviour. In this model twelve search options and features mostly used by teachers when personalising their search for finding online teaching resources via the revised search tool are listed, in order of popularity. A search options is selected by the teacher and features is the characteristic of an option teachers experiences. For example, search options 'Subject', ‘Age Group’, ‘Resource Type’, ‘Free and/ Paid resources’, ‘Search results language’, and search features that ‘Store search options selected by individual teachers and their returned results’. Teachers’ model of web information needs and search behaviour could be used by the Government, teacher trainers and search engine designers to gain an insight into the information needs and search behaviours of teachers when searching for online teaching resources by means of tackling technical barriers faced by teachers, when using the internet. In conclusion, the research work presented in this thesis has provided the initial and important steps towards understanding the web searching information needs and search behaviours of individual teachers, working in the UK educational setting.
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Lönneborg, Rosa. "In search of a biosensor for DNT detection : Studies of inducer response and specificity of DntR." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för biokemi och biofysik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-64129.
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The primary aim of the work presented in this thesis was to change the inducer specificity of the DntR protein in order to improve the response to DNT. The long-term goal is to use this protein in a biosensor for DNT, a signature compound for detection of the explosive TNT. Another aspect of this work was to understand the mechanisms of inducer binding and how the binding of an inducer molecule changes the DntR structure into a state that triggers transcriptional activation. In the papers included in this thesis the inducer specificity of wt DntR has been investigated under different conditions. The functional effects of specific mutations have also been investigated, in some cases in combination with structure determination using X-ray crystallography. In addition, structural data offering insights into the details of inducer binding and conformational changes upon inducer binding are presented and discussed in terms of mechanisms for transcriptional activation by DntR. Furthermore, a directed evolution strategy was employed in order to find variants of DntR with improved response to DNT. A variant with a large improvement in the DNT response was isolated and characterized. In optimized growth conditions, this DntR variant had a nearly 10-fold increase in fluorescence in response to DNT compared to wt DntR. Specific substitutions found in this DntR variant are suggested to be important for changing the inducer response.Syftet med denna avhandling har varit att förbättra förmågan hos proteinet DntR att upptäcka DNT. Det långsiktiga målet har varit att använda DntR i en biosensor för att upptäcka sprängämnet TNT, som avger DNT som en ”signaturmolekyl”. En annan aspekt har varit att bättre förstå den detaljerade mekanismen för hur DntR fungerar. DntR är ett protein som binder till en viss DNA sekvens (promotor) och reglerar hur gener intill denna promotorsekvens läses av. När en inducerande molekyl som t.ex. DNT binder till DntR förändras proteinets struktur på ett sådant sätt att DntR kan aktivera transkription av de gener som finns intill promotor-sekvensen. För att mäta hur DntR reagerar på olika inducerande molekyler har DntR uttryckts i bakterien Escherichia coli, som också innehållit promotorn som DntR binder till. Intill promotorn sitter en gen som kodar för proteinet GFP. När en inducerande molekyl binder till DntR, slås avläses gfp-genen, och det fluorescerande proteinet GFP produceras. Ju mer GFP som produceras i cellerna, desto högre fluorescens kan uppmätas när cellerna analyseras. I de artiklar som presenteras i avhandlingen har vi undersökt hur olika substitutioner i DntR proteinet påverkar specificiten och sensitiviteten och hur dessa egenskaper kan påverkas av olika experimentella faktorer. Effekten av substitutioner har relaterats till strukturdata, där bilder av hur proteinet ser ut på molekylär nivå har tagits fram. Dessutom presenteras även en bild av hur DntR förändras beroende på om inducerande molekyler är bundna eller inte. En sådan strukturbild ökar förståelsen för de mekanismer som gör att bindning av en inducerande molekyl orsakar en förändring av formen hos DntR på så sätt att avläsning av gener kan aktiveras. Vi har också använt en metod där evolutionära processer härmats för att få fram varianter av DntR med förbättrad respons till DNT. En variant med en drastisk ökning av DNT-responsen har isolerats, och dess egenskaper har karaktäriserats.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript
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Fitchett, Stephen. "Understanding and Improving Personal File Retrieval." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8968.
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Personal file retrieval – the task of locating and opening files on a computer – is a common task for all computer users. A range of interfaces are available to assist users in retrieving files, such as navigation within a file browser, search interfaces and recent items lists. This thesis examines two broad goals in file retrieval: understanding current file retrieval behaviour, and improving file retrieval by designing improved user interfaces.
A thorough understanding of current file retrieval behaviour is important to the design of any improved retrieval tools, however there has been surprisingly little research about the ways in which users interact with common file retrieval tools. To address this, this thesis describes a longitudinal field study that logs participants' file retrieval behaviour across a range of methods, using a specially developed logging tool called FileMonitor. Results confirm findings from previous research that search is used as a method of last resort, while providing new results characterising file retrieval. These include analyses of revisitation behaviour, file browser window reuse, and interactions between retrieval methods, as well as detailed characterisations of the use of navigation and search.
Knowledge gained from this study assists in the design of three improvements to file navigation: Icon Highlights, Search Directed Navigation and Hover Menus. Icon Highlights highlight items that are considered the most likely to be accessed next. These highlights are determined using a new algorithm, AccessRank, which is designed to produce a set of results that is both accurate and stable over time. Search Directed Navigation highlights items that match, or contain items that match, a filename search query, allowing users to rehearse the mechanisms for expert performance in order to aid future retrievals, and providing greater context than the results of a traditional search interface. Hover Menus appear when hovering the mouse cursor above a folder, and provide shortcuts to highly ranked files and folders located at any depth within the folder. This allows users to reduce navigation times by skipping levels of the file hierarchy.
These interfaces are evaluated in lab and field studies, allowing for both precise analysis of their relative strengths and weaknesses, while also providing a high degree of external validity. Results of the lab study show that all three techniques reduce retrieval times and are subjectively preferred by participants. For the field study, fully functional versions of Icon Highlights and Search Directed Navigation are implemented as part of Finder Highlights, a plugin to OS X's file manager. Results indicate that Icon Highlights significantly reduce file retrieval times, and that Search Directed Navigation was useful to those who used it, but faces barriers to adoption.
Key contributions of this thesis include a review of previous literature on file management, a thorough characterisation of file retrieval behaviour, improved algorithms for predicting user behaviour and three improved interfaces for file retrieval. This research has the potential to improve a tedious activity that users perform many times a day, while also providing generalisable algorithms and interface concepts that are applicable to a wide range of interfaces beyond file management.
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Erfani, Tohid. "An efficient analysis of pareto optimal solutions in multidisciplinary design." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-efficient-analysis-of-pareto-optimal-solutions-in-multidisciplinary-design(9bcf3c8f-4922-48a7-a829-1efce3d804ab).html.
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Optimisation is one of the most important and challenging part of any engineering design. In real world design problems one faces multiobjective optimisation under constraints. The optimal solution in these cases is not unique because the objectives can contradict each other. In such cases, a set of optimal solutions which forms a Pareto frontier in the objective space is considered. There are many algorithms to generate the Pareto frontier. However, only a few of them are potentially capable of providing an evenly distributed set of the solutions. Such a property is especially important in real-life design because a decision maker is usually able to analyse only a very limited quantity of solutions. This thesis consists of two main parts. At first, it develops and gives the detailed description of two different algorithms that are able to generate an evenly distributed Pareto set in a general formulation. One is a classical approach and called Directed Search Domain (DSD) and the other, the cylindrical constraint evolutionary algorithm (CCEA), is a hybrid population based method. The efficiency of the algorithms are demonstrated by a number of challenging test cases and the comparisons with the results of the other existing methods. It is shown that the proposed methods are successful in generating the Pareto solutions even when some existing methods fail. In real world design problems, deterministic approaches cannot provide a reliable solution as in the event of uncertainty, deterministic optimal solution would be infeasible in many instances. Therefore a solution less sensitive to problem perturbation is desirable. This leads to the robust solution which is the focus of the second part of the thesis. In the literature, there are some techniques tailored for robust optimisation. However, most of them are either computationally expensive or do not systematically articulate the designer preferences into a robust solution. In this thesis, by introducing a measure for robustness in multiobjective context, a tunable robust function (TRF) is presented. Including the TRF in the problem formulation, it is demonstrated that the desirable robust solution based on designer preferences can be obtained. This not only provides the robust solution but also gives a control over the robustness level. The method is efficient as it only increases the dimension of the problem by one irrespective of the dimension of the original problem.
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Provost, Charles Henri. "How do CHOICES and the SDS facilitate or hinder career planning." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29239.
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CHOICES, the career planning computer program, was evaluated by interviewing 35 grade 11 and 12 students. Using the critical incident technique, reports were elicited of what facilitated or hindered their career planning. These collected incidents were categorized by similarity to provide counsellors and others with a map of exactly what the program does to help or hinder career planning. This map potentially enables counsellors to capitalize on benefits and to minimize possible detriments.
Secondly, this map was qualitatively compared to a similar evaluation of the Self-Directed Search. Overall, it was found that the two interventions have differing advantages and disadvantages. CHOICES stresses reality constraints, specificity and extrinsic work features. The SDS underlines self-awareness and an understanding of the matching process. It seems that CHOICES is more appropriate for planning and specific decisions regarding options while the SDS tends to focus on general exploration and decisions regarding fields. The writer wishes to express his appreciation to the following persons:
To Dr. Larry Cochran, research supervisor, whose patience, availability and countless hours over six years made this study possible.
To Dr. Marv Westwood, whose continual support especially for the clinical comprehensive, was greatly appreciated.
To Dr. Bill Borgen, whose encouragement at the appropriate time enabled me to perservere.
To Dr. Norm Amundson, whose inspired synthesis made the oral presentation smoother.
To Dr. Ron MacGregor, whose suggestions were appreciated.
To the students, to the staff of Matthew McNair Senior Secondary and to the counsellor Mike Casselman, whose co-operation and support made this study possible.
To Mrs. Irma Eichler, for her devoted time and effort in typing this dissertation.
And finally, to my parents Rene and Lucille, to my sisters Louise and Anita, and to my brother Jean, for their continual support and encouragement.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Good, Stephanie Y. "Expanding the typical employment options for high-functioning individuals on the autism spectrum using occupational interest theory and a web-based job search tool." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10196554.
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Employment is an integral part of individuals? lives, providing many benefits to workers. Unfortunately, individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face additional barriers to employment, and are often placed into jobs that are poorly matched to their abilities and characteristics. The current study explored the potential use of the O*NET Computerized Interest Profiler (CIP) tool with high-functioning individuals with ASD, utilizing subject matter expert ratings of occupations outputted by the CIP as well as ratings of the potential use of the CIP with this population. Results demonstrated that subject matter experts (SMEs) rated CIP-outputted occupations as appropriate, of interest to, and attainable for high-functioning individuals with ASD, and rated these occupations significantly higher than distracter occupations. SMEs also reported positive reactions to the potential use of the tool itself. These results demonstrate that the CIP may be a viable and useful tool to use in the career exploration of individuals with ASD.
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Rehnby, Nicklas. "Performance of alternative option pricing models during spikes in the FTSE 100 volatility index : Empirical evidence from FTSE100 index options." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139718.
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Derivatives have a large and significant role on the financial markets today and the popularity of options has increased. This has also increased the demand of finding a suitable option pricing model, since the ground-breaking model developed by Black & Scholes (1973) have poor pricing performance. Practitioners and academics have over the years developed different models with the assumption of non-constant volatility, without reaching any conclusions regarding which model is more suitable to use. This thesis examines four different models, the first model is the Practitioners Black & Scholes model proposed by Christoffersen & Jacobs (2004b). The second model is the Heston´s (1993) continuous time stochastic volatility model, a modification of the model is also included, which is called the Strike Vector Computation suggested by Kilin (2011). The last model is the Heston & Nandi (2000) Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity type discrete model. From a practical point of view the models are evaluated, with the goal of finding the model with the best pricing performance and the most practical usage. The model´s robustness is also tested to see how the models perform in out-of-sample during a high respectively low implied volatility market. All the models are effected in the robustness test, the out-sample ability is negatively affected by a high implied volatility market. The results show that both of the stochastic volatility models have superior performances in the in-sample and out-sample analysis. The Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity type discrete model shows surprisingly poor results both in the in-sample and out-sample analysis. The results indicate that option data should be used instead of historical return data to estimate the model’s parameters. This thesis also provides an insight on why overnight-index-swap (OIS) rates should be used instead of LIBOR rates as a proxy for the risk-free rate.
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Akram, Hadeel Abdulah. "THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE ARABIC VERSION OF THE SELF-DIRECTED SEARCH (SDS)-FORM R, 5th EDITION FOR FIRST-YEAR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA (KSA)." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1498915905713995.
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Ge, Jinfeng. "Essays on Macroeconomics and Political Economy." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-78857.
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This thesis consists of three self-contained essays dealing with different aspects of macroeconomics and political Economy. The Relative Price of Investment Goods and Sectoral Contract Dependence I develop a quantitative model to explain the relationship between TFPs at the aggregate and sector levels and contracting institutions across countries. The incomplete contract enforcement induces distortions in the production process which come from the “hold up” problem between a final goods firm and its suppliers. Because investment goods sector is more contract dependent, its productivity suffers more from the distortion. In turn, countries endowed with weaker contract enforcement institutions face higher relative prices of investment goods. A Ricardian Model of the Labor Market with Directed Search I analyze how search friction affects the allocation in a Ricardian model of the labor market. The equilibrium shows that the matching pattern is partially mixed: Some tasks are only performed by skilled workers; some are only performed by unskilled workers; the remaining tasks are performed by both skilled and unskilled workers. The mixed matching pattern implies a mismatch in equilibrium. It turns out that the reason for the mismatch has its roots in search friction. In addition, I show labor market institutions have interesting implications for the unemployment rate and mismatch. A Dynamic Analysis of the Free-rider Problem I argue that special interest groups overcome their free-rider problem thanks to distorted government policy. As policy confers monopoly privileges on a group, it can also preserve and promote group’s organization. The key to sustaining the organization of the group is a dynamic incentive: when distorted policy generates rents for a group, each member of the group wish to make contributions not just to raise their rents today; they want to sustain their cooperation so that they will be able to influence policy in the future.
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Jaini, Nor. "An efficient ranking analysis in multi-criteria decision making." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-efficient-ranking-analysis-in-multicriteria-decision-making(c5a694d5-fd43-434f-9f9f-b86f7581b97c).html.
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This study is conducted with the aims to develop a new ranking method for multi-criteria decision making problem with conflicting criteria. Such a problem has a set of Pareto solutions, where the act of improving a value of one solution will result in depreciating some of the others. Thus, in this type of problem, there is no unique solution. However, out of many available options, the Decision Maker eventually has to choose only one solution. With this problem as the motivation, the current study develops a compromise ranking algorithm, namely a trade-off ranking method. The trade-off ranking method able to give a trade-off solution with the least compromise compared to other choices as the best solution. The properties of the algorithm are studied in the thesis on several test cases. The proposed method is compared against several multi-criteria decision making methods with ranking based on the distance measure, which are the TOPSIS, relative distance and VIKOR. The sensitivity analysis and uncertainty test are carried out to examine the methods robustness. A critical criteria analysis is also done to test for the most critical criterion in a multi-criteria problem. The decision making method is considered further in a fuzzy environment problem where the fuzzy trade-off ranking is developed and compared against existing fuzzy decision making methods.
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Isaksson, Olle. "Model-based Diagnosis of a Satellite Electrical Power System with RODON." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Vehicular Systems, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16763.
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As space exploration vehicles travel deeper into space, their distance to earth increases.The increased communication delays and ground personnel costs motivatea migration of the vehicle health management into space. A way to achieve thisis to use a diagnosis system. A diagnosis system uses sensor readings to automaticallydetect faults and possibly locate the cause of it. The diagnosis system usedin this thesis is a model-based reasoning tool called RODON developed by UptimeSolutions AB. RODON uses information of both nominal and faulty behavior ofthe target system mathematically formulated in a model.The advanced diagnostics and prognostics testbed (ADAPT) developed at theNASA Ames Research Center provides a stepping stone between pure researchand deployment of diagnosis and prognosis systems in aerospace systems. Thehardware of the testbed is an electrical power system (EPS) that represents theEPS of a space exploration vehicle. ADAPT consists of a controlled and monitoredenvironment where faults can be injected into a system in a controlled manner andthe performance of the diagnosis system carefully monitored. The main goal of thethesis project was to build a model of the ADAPT EPS that was used to diagnosethe testbed and to generate decision trees (or trouble-shooting trees).The results from the diagnostic analysis were good and all injected faults thataffected the actual function of the EPS were detected. All sensor faults weredetected except faults in temperature sensors. A less detailed model would haveisolated the correct faulty component(s) in the experiments. However, the goal wasto create a detailed model that can detect more than the faults currently injectedinto ADAPT. The created model is stationary but a dynamic model would havebeen able to detect faults in temperature sensors.Based on the presented results, RODON is very well suited for stationary analysisof large systems with a mixture of continuous and discrete signals. It is possibleto get very good results using RODON but in turn it requires an equally goodmodel. A full analysis of the dynamic capabilities of RODON was never conductedin the thesis which is why no conclusions can be drawn for that case.
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Strohm, David A. "The impact of a cognitive information processing intervention on dysfunctional career thoughts and vocational identity in high school students." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/993.
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Martin, Summer M. G. "Criterion Validity of Common Career Interest Inventories: Relative Efficacy with High School Seniors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799471/.
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Professional school counselors frequently use career interest inventories as part of a comprehensive guidance program to help students create a post-secondary school plan. The present study evaluates the validity of three commonly used interest inventories, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, Self-Directed Search, and Strong Interest Inventory on field of study choice for graduating high school seniors (N = 616) from a large, suburban high school in Texas. Students identified their intended postsecondary field of study category, were randomly assigned using stratification to three groups, and each group completed a different inventory. Group membership was evaluated to establish covariate balance on a wide variety of indicators. Data from each group was evaluated to determine the extent to which the inventory predicted the chosen field of study, as well as Other and Undeclared categories using logistic regression models. None of the inventory models suggest that the inventory accurately predicts Other or Undeclared outcomes. For students selecting intended postsecondary fields of study, the Self Directed Search predicts such outcomes better than other measures. Professional school and career counselors should consider the SDS in addition to narrative counseling strategies to add greater precision with career decision making among clients and students.
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Ossandon, Valdes Tomas. "A prefrontal-temporal network underlying state changes between Stimulus-Driven and Stimulus-Independent Cognition." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00726306.
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The brain displays moment-to-moment activity fluctuations that reflect various levels of engagement with the outside world. Processing external stimuli is not only associated with increased brain metabolism but also with prominent deactivation in specific structures, collectively known as the default-mode network (DMN). The role of the DMN remains enigmatic partly because its electrophysiological correlates and temporal dynamics are still poorly understood. Using unprecedented wide-spread depth recordings in epileptic patients, undergoing intracranial EEG during pre-surgical evaluation, we reveal that DMN neural populations display task-related suppressions of gamma (60-140 Hz) power and, critically, we show how millisecond temporal profile and amplitude of gamma deactivation tightly correlate with task demands and subject performance. The results show also that during an attentional task, sustained activations in the gamma band power are presented across large cortical networks, while transient activations are mostly specific to occipital and temporal regions. Our findings reveal a pivotal role for broadband gamma modulations in the interplay between activation and deactivation networks mediating efficient goal-directed behavior
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Resende, Gisele Cristina. "Interesses profissionais de estudantes de Manaus em diferentes níveis de formação educacional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59141/tde-02012018-135100/.
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O campo dos interesses profissionais é amplo e complexo, circunscrito por diferentes perspectivas teóricas e técnicas, com impacto na construção da carreira dos indivíduos. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa objetivou caracterizar inclinações e interesses profissionais de estudantes de diferentes níveis de ensino por meio de instrumentos de avaliação psicológica (Teste de Fotos de Profissões, BBT-Br e o Questionário de Busca Autodirigida SDS), bem como avaliar características psicométricas das referidas técnicas de exame na região norte do Brasil. Foram avaliados 729 estudantes provenientes de escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Manaus (AM), pertencentes ao final do ensino fundamental (9º ano), ensino médio (1ª, 2ª e 3ª séries) e a 3ª série do ensino técnico integrado ao ensino médio, igualmente distribuídos em função do sexo. Os instrumentos (BBT-Br e SDS) foram aplicados no próprio contexto escolar, após as devidas autorizações formais para a pesquisa, incluindo-se também Questionário de Classificação Econômica Brasil para caracterização da amostra. Os resultados, após sistematização padronizada em cada instrumento de avaliação psicológica, foram tratados de modo inicialmente descritivo, para o grupo geral, bem como em função das variáveis: sexo, idade, nível de ensino e origem escolar (pública ou particular). Seguiram-se análises inferenciais dos possíveis efeitos dessas características sócio demográficas sobre as inclinações e os interesses profissionais, bem como a análise de características psicométricas do BBT-Br e SDS. Os resultados do BBT-Br apontaram tendência geral dos interesses dos estudantes (de diferentes níveis de ensino e de ambos os sexos) por atividades que envolvam pensamento abstrato/criativo e senso social/ajuda ao outro (respectivamente representadas pelos radicais G e S). No SDS a tipologia que se destacou, em todos os níveis de ensino, foi o tipo Social (interesses em atividades profissionais de ajuda e ensino) no grupo feminino, e o tipo Empreendedor (liderança, relacionamentos interpessoais e atividades persuasivas) no grupo masculino. Foram detectados padrões específicos na expressão dos interesses de estudantes da região norte em relação aos dados disponíveis do BBT-Br e do SDS para a região sudeste, embora com pontos de convergência motivacional. Sobre as características psicométricas dos instrumentos utilizados, foram identificados bons indicadores de fidedignidade (Alfa de Cronbach para o BBT-Br no sexo feminino foi de 0,84 e, para o sexo masculino, foi de 0,85; no SDS para o sexo feminino foi 0,78 e para o sexo masculino foi 0,79), e também de validade (análise de componentes principais e correlação entre resultados do BBT-Br e do SDS). O estudo contribuiu para a compreensão de características vocacionais e de interesses profissionais de estudantes da cidade de Manaus (AM), comparando-as aos dados disponíveis com estudantes do sudeste do Brasil, demonstrando indicadores positivos de validade das duas versões do BBT-Br e do SDS para uso na região norte. Reflexões foram realizadas, a partir dos achados, no sentido de sugerir processos de orientação vocacional e profissional para os estudantes do 9º ano do ensino fundamental, ensino médio e ensino técnico, para estimular escolhas profissionais que favoreçam a saúde mental e a realização pessoal, em termos científicos e educacionais, de indivíduos dessa região do Brasil.The field of professional interests is wide and complex, circumscribed by different theoretical and technical perspectives, having impact in the construction of individuals\' career. In this context, this research aimed to describe professional interests and inclinations in students of different levels of education through instruments of psychological assessment (Berufsbilder Test BBT-Br, and Self-Directed Search SDS), as well as assess psychometric characteristics of these measures in the North region of Brazil. The sample was comprised of 729 students from public and private schools in the city of Manaus (AM), that were attending the last year of fundamental school (9th grade), middle school (1st, 2nd and 3rd years) and 3rd year of technical education, equally distributed for gender. Instruments were administered within the school context, after formal authorizations were obtained, along with the Brazil Economic Classification Questionnaire to sample description. The results, after patterned systematization in each instrument, were first analyzed for the description of all sample, on the variables gender, age, school level and school origin (public vs. private school). Following, inferential analysis of possible effects of the sociodemographic profile on professional interests and inclinations were tested, as well as the psychometric properties of BBT-Br and SDS. The results for BBT-Br pointed to a general tendency of students interests (of different educational levels and both sexes) to activities involving abstract/creative reasoning and social sense/help to others (respectively represented by radical G and S). On SDS, the featured typology was the Social type (interest in professional activities of help and teaching), for all school levels, for females group, and Entrepreneur type (leadership, interpersonal relationships, and persuasive activities) for males group. Specific patterns of the expression of interests in the North region emerged in comparison to normative data available of Southeast region, for both tests, with some points of motivational convergence. About psychometric qualities of the measures, good indicators of reliability (Cronbachs alpha of .84 for females and .85 for males on the BBT-Br; and .78 for females and .79 for males on SDS), as well as validity (principal component analysis and correlation between results on BBT-Br and SDS). This study contributes to the comprehension of vocational and professional interests of students in the city of Manaus (AM) when comparing to data available from the Southeast region of Brazil, demonstrating positive indicators of validity for both tests, to its use in the North region context. Some reflections about the data intended to contribute with suggestions about the process of vocational and professional orientation to students of 9th grade of fundamental school, middle school, and technical education, in order to stimulate professional choices that promote mental health and self-fulfillment, scientifically and educationally, for individuals of this region of Brazil.
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Li, Yuanyuan. "Information and discrimination : foundations and applications to credit and labor markets." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010020/document.
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Cette thèse commence, en théorie, avec le caractère informatif de signaux lorsque l'information est imparfaite, suivis par les applications sur les marchés du crédit et du travail. Dans le chapitre 2 nous montrons que le critère de Blackwell peut impliquer la dispersion des espérances conditionnelles -le critère de « supermodular dispersion » proposé par Ganuza et Penalva (2010), uniquement lorsque le signal est binaire. Les liens entre la dispersion des espérances conditionnelles et le critère de Persico peuvent être construits mais avec des restrictions fortes. Dans le chapitre 3, nous considérons une relation prêteur-emprunteur où les emprunteurs peuvent choisir de divulguer l'information en payant un coût non négligeable. La décision de la révélation d'informations est endogénisée. Nous montrons qu'il existe seulement équilibre opaque (transparent) lorsque le taux d'intérêt sans risque est assez faible (élevé); il y a des équilibres multiples lorsque le taux d'intérêt est intermédiaire et resserrement du crédit peut résulter. Le modèle est ensuite étendu à un contexte OLG et nous montrons que le marché peut converger soit à un état stationnaire opaque ou transparent, et peut avoir des oscillations permanentes entre les états différents pour certaines configurations de paramètres. Dans le chapitre 4, nous étudions l'impact de la discrimination à l'embauche sur les compétences de la décision d'investissement de travailleurs dans un modèle de recherche dirigée. Le groupe discriminé ou le groupe favorisé peut sous-investir dans les compétences à l'équilibre. Chaque fois qu'un groupe de travailleurs sous-investit, l'autre groupe reste hautement qualifié et le profit des entreprises est inférieur par rapport au niveau à l'économie où la discrimination est absenteThis thesis starts, theoretically, with the informativeness of signals when information is imperfect, followed by the applications on the credit and tabor markets. In chapter 2 we show that Blackwell's informativeness criterion can imply the dispersion of the conditional expectations - the supermodular dispersion criterion proposed by Ganuza and Penalva (2010), only when the signal is binary. Links between the dispersion of the conditional expectations and Persico's accuracy criterion can be built up but with strong restrictions. In chapter 3, we consider a lender-borrower relationship where borrowers can choose to disclose their private information by paying a non-negligible cost. The decision of information revelation is endogenized, and so is the market opacity. We show that there exists only opaque (transparent) equilibrium when the safe interest rate is low (high) enough; there are multiple equilibrium when interest rate is intermediate and credit crunch may happen. The model is then extended to an OLG context and we show that the market may converge either to an opaque or a transparent stationary state, or, for some configurations of parameters, have permanent oscillations between different states. In chapter 4 we study the impact of hiring discrimination on workers' skill investment decision in a directed search model. Both the discriminated and favored group can underinvest in skills in equilibrium. Whenever one group underinvest, the other remain high skilled and firms suffer from lower profit compared to the economy where discrimination is absent
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Glavin, Kevin W. "The Role of Distinctiveness in Assessing Vocational Personality Types." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1236741098.
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Kopřiva, Jan. "Srovnání algoritmů při řešení problému obchodního cestujícího." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222126.
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The Master Thesis deals with logistic module innovation of information system ERP. The principle of innovation is based on implementation of heuristic algorithms which solve Travel Salesman Problems (TSP). The software MATLAB is used for analysis and tests of these algorithms. The goal of Master Thesis is the comparison of selections algorithm, which are suitable for economic purposes (accuracy of solution, speed of calculation and memory demands).
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Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes November 5, 2012." University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/255174.
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Oliveira, José Carlos Francisco de. "Noções de grafos dirigidos, cadeias de Markov e as buscas do Google." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6482.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESThis paper has as its main purpose to highlight some mathematical concepts, which are behind the ranking given by a research made on the website mostly used in the world: Google. At the beginning, we briefly approached some High School’s concepts, such as: Matrices, Linear Systems and Probability. After that, we presented some basic notions related to Directed Graphs and Markov Chains of Discrete Time. From this last one, we gave more emphasis to the Steady State Vector because it ensures foreknowledge results from long-term. These concepts are extremely important to our paper, because they will be used to explain the involvement of Mathematic behind the web search “Google”. Then, we tried to detail the ranking operation of the search pages on Google, i.e., how the results of a research are classified, determining which results are presented in a sequential way in order of relevance. Finally we obtained “PageRank”, an algorithm which creates what we call Google’s Matrices and ranks the pages of a search. We finished making a brief comment about the historical arising of the web searches, from their founders to the rise and hegemony of Google.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo destacar alguns conceitos matemáticos que estão por trás do ranqueamento dado por uma pesquisa feita no site de busca mais usados do mundo, o “Google”. Inicialmente abordamos de forma breve alguns conteúdos da matemática do ensino médio, a exemplo de: matrizes, sistemas lineares, probabilidades. Em seguida são introduzidas noções básicas de grafos dirigidos e cadeias de Markov de tempo discreto; essa última, é dada uma ênfase ao vetor estado estacionário, por ele garantir resultados de previsão de longo prazo. Esses conceitos são de grande importância em nosso trabalho, pois serão usados para explicar o envolvimento da matemática por trás do site de buscas “Google”. Na sequência, buscamos detalhar o funcionamento do ranqueamento das páginas de uma busca no “Google”, isto é, como são classificados os resultados de uma pesquisa, determinando quais resultados serão apresentados de modo sequencial em ordem de relevância. Finalmente, chegamos na obtenção do “PageRank”, algoritmo que gera a chamada Matriz do Google e ranqueia as páginas de uma busca. Encerramos com um breve histórico do surgimento dos sites de buscas, desde os seus fundadores até a ascensão e hegemonia do Google.