Academic literature on the topic 'Direct to Alternative Current Converter (DC/AC)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Direct to Alternative Current Converter (DC/AC)":
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Szcześniak, Paweł. "Comparison of control methods for a dynamic voltage restorer using a three-phase matrix converter." SIMULATION 92, no. 12 (October 14, 2016): 1053–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549716673203.
Abstract:
A dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is used in a power distribution system to protect sensitive loads against voltage disturbances. The commonly used DVR system contains a converter with direct current (DC) link and energy storage elements. The DC energy storage part of the system is the most expensive element and has a large value. As an alternative, therefore, DVR systems can use alternating current AC/AC converters without DC energy storage. This paper presents the properties of a DVR system based on a direct matrix converter using three control methods: in-phase, pre-sag, and energy-optimal. The paper defines basic mathematical relationships and static characteristics and describes the range of voltage compensation by use of the described compensation methods. Simulation results are obtained and presented in order to verify the correctness of the compensation. The features of such a DVR system configuration are considered in the context of alternative applications for commonly used converters with DC-link energy storage power converters. Application of the matrix converter in electrical power systems is still not very popular, due to limited output voltage and the complex structure and process control. This article is an attempt to show the usefulness of the matrix converter in spite of its limitations and the complexity of the design.
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Erat, Abdurrahim, and Ahmet Mete Vural. "DC/DC Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Interconnection: A Comprehensive Review." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (September 8, 2022): 1–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2687243.
Abstract:
High voltage direct current (HVDC) technology is a key component in power systems owing to huge benefits such as long-distance power transmission, lower losses, asynchronous grid interconnections, controllability, system availability, and limited short-circuit currents. HVDC transmission is a cost-effective method of transporting huge amounts of power across long distances with little loss. It can also link asynchronous alternative current (AC) networks while balancing the grid. DC/DC converters are one of the most important components for HVDC power transmission, and DC/DC modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are the backbone of HVDC grid interconnections. The DC/DC MMC is a highly regarded converter architecture for medium/high-voltage DC grid interconnection. DC/DC MMC topologies play a key role in modern HVDC networks with varying voltage levels. This paper’s fundamental aim is to offer a recent comprehensive review of HVDC topologies, current DC/DC modular multilevel converter (MMC) topologies for HVDC interconnection, and DC/DC MMC control techniques.
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Oni, Oluwafemi Emmanuel, Kamati I. Mbangula, and Innocent E. Davidson. "A Review of LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC Technologies and Applications." Transactions on Environment and Electrical Engineering 1, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22149/teee.v1i3.29.
Abstract:
High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems has been an alternative method of transmitting electric power from one location to another with some inherent advantages over AC transmission systems. The efficiency and rated power carrying capacity of direct current transmission lines highly depends on the converter used in transforming the current from one form to another (AC to DC and vice versa). A well configured converter reduces harmonics, increases power transfer capabilities, and reliability in that it offers high tolerance to fault along the line. Different HVDC converter topologies have been proposed, built and utilised all over the world. The two dominant types are the line commutated converter LCC and the voltage source converter VSC. This review paper evaluates these two types of converters, their operational characteristics, power rating capability, control capability and losses. The balance of the paper addresses their applications, advantages, limitations and latest developments with these technologies.
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Wang, Kai, Hai Shun Sun, Yu Hua, Yuan Liu, Wei Xing Lin, and Cheng Hao Li. "Research on DC Voltage Control Strategies for Typical Four-Terminal HVDC System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 521 (February 2014): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.521.222.
Abstract:
The continuous development of alternative energy has put forward higher requirement for electricity transmission. To cope with its fluctuation characteristics, high voltage direct current (HVDC) technology has received more attention. Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current (MTDC) represents the future trend of HVDC technology. This paper mainly focuses on the control strategies of a four-terminal VSC based MTDC power transmission system. The operation characteristic of the system was studied, and the proposed two control strategies, master-slave control strategy and DC voltage droop control strategy, were verified through simulations. The latter control strategy was proved to be performing well under various conditions, including converter station disconnection and faults at AC side of the converter.
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B. Balaji and J. D. Anunciya. "Model Predictive Control based Direct Matrix Converter fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine drives for Traction and Electric Mobility Applications." ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.1.1.8.
Abstract:
There have been extensive research works going on electric mobility but most of these work and the existing electric mobility systems are battery-based DC systems. In some applications of electric mobility like traction and advanced technologies like electromagnetic induction charging, AC fed systems are employed due to the innate qualities of AC power transmission. Almost all the electric mobility systems we use are AC induction or permanent magnet machines. The conventional electric mobility systems including traction having AC as their energy source use two-stage conversion i.e. A fixed AC is converted to a fixed or variable DC link using a rectifier and finally, an inverter provides a variable AC in terms of frequency and magnitude according to the control algorithm. The two-stage conversion has its pros and cons but Matrix Converter (MC) will be a suitable and efficient alternative for AC fed AC motor drives. In the case of traction and other electric mobility applications, the load torque demand plays a significant role. The predictive control technique provides a suitable solution for these kinds of special drive applications due to their selective parameter control ability. Implementation of predictive control using a matrix converter is more effective than the conventional inverter fed drives, owing to the increased viability of matrix converter switching configurations. This paper discusses the mathematical implementation and comparison of Predictive Current Control (PCC) and Predictive Torque Control (PTC) with and without weighing factor for AC fed electric mobility applications. The efficacy of both the model predictive control techniques in concern of execution time, steady-state, transient, and dynamic conditions are analysed and validated along with the influence of diverse control variables in the cost function.
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Vozikis, Dimitrios, Fahad Alsokhiry, Grain Philip Adam, and Yusuf Al-Turki. "Novel Enhanced Modular Multilevel Converter for High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission Systems." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 4, 2020): 2257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092257.
Abstract:
This paper proposes an enhanced modular multilevel converter as an alternative to the conventional half-bridge modular multilevel converter that employs a reduced number of medium-voltage cells, with the aim of improving waveforms quality in its AC and DC sides. Each enhanced modular multilevel converter arm consists of high-voltage and low-voltage chain-links. The enhanced modular multilevel converter uses the high-voltage chain-links based on medium-voltage half-bridge cells to synthesize the fundamental voltage using nearest level modulation. Although the low-voltage chain-links filter out the voltage harmonics from the voltage generated by the high-voltage chain-links, which are rough and stepped approximations of the fundamental voltage, the enhanced modular multilevel converter uses the nested multilevel concept to dramatically increase the number of voltage levels per phase compared to half-bridge modular multilevel converter. The aforementioned improvements are achieved at the cost of a small increase in semiconductor losses. Detailed simulations conducted in EMPT-RV and experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed converter.
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Gontijo, Gustavo, Songda Wang, Tamas Kerekes, and Remus Teodorescu. "New AC–AC Modular Multilevel Converter Solution for Medium-Voltage Machine-Drive Applications: Modular Multilevel Series Converter." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 16, 2020): 3664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143664.
Abstract:
Due to its scalability, reliability, high power quality and flexibility, the modular multilevel converter is the standard solution for high-power high-voltage applications in which an AC–DC–AC connection is required such as high-voltage direct-current transmission systems. However, this converter presents some undesired features from both structural and operational perspectives. For example, it presents a high number of components, which results in high costs, size, weight and conduction losses. Moreover, the modular multilevel converter presents problems dealing with DC-side faults, with unbalanced grid conditions, and many internal control loops are required for its proper operation. In variable-frequency operation, the modular multilevel converter presents some serious limitations. The most critical are the high-voltage ripples, in the submodule capacitors, at low frequencies. Thus, many different AC–AC converter solutions, with modular multilevel structure, have been proposed as alternatives for high-power machine-drive applications such as offshore wind turbines, pumped-hydro-storage systems and industrial motor drives. These converters present their own drawbacks mostly related to control complexity, operational limitations, size and weight. This paper introduces an entirely new medium-voltage AC–AC modular multilevel converter solution with many operational and structural advantages in comparison to the modular multilevel converter and other alternative topologies. The proposed converter presents high performance at low frequencies, regarding the amplitude of the voltage ripples in the submodule capacitors, which could make it very suitable for machine-drive applications. In this paper, an analytical description of the voltage ripples in the submodule capacitors is proposed, which proves the high performance of the converter under low-frequency operation. Moreover, the proposed converter presents high performance under unbalanced grid conditions. This important feature is demonstrated through simulation results. The converter solution introduced in this paper has a simple structure, with decoupled phases, which leads to the absence of undesired circulating currents and to a straightforward control, with very few internal control loops for its proper operation, and with simple modulation. Since the converter phases are decoupled, no arm inductors are required, which contributes to the weight and size reduction of the topology. In this paper, a detailed comparison analysis with the modular multilevel converter is presented based on number of components, conduction and switching losses. This analysis concludes that the proposed converter solution presents a reduction in costs and an expressive reduction in size and weight, in comparison to the modular multilevel converter. Thus, it should be a promising solution for high-power machine-drive applications that require compactness and lightness such as offshore wind turbines. In this paper, simulation results are presented explaining the behavior of the proposed converter, proving that it is capable of synthesizing a high-power-quality load voltage, with variable frequency, while exchanging power with the grid. Thus, this topology could be used to control the machine speed in a machine-drive application. Finally, experimental results are provided to validate the topology.
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Liu, Lei, Xiaopeng Li, Qin Jiang, Yufei Teng, Mingju Chen, Yongfei Wang, Xueyang Zeng, Yiping Luo, and Pengyu Pan. "A Multi-Terminal Control Method for AC Grids Based on a Hybrid High-Voltage Direct Current with Cascaded MMC Converters." Electronics 12, no. 23 (November 27, 2023): 4799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12234799.
Abstract:
The hybrid high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system with cascaded MMC converters has become a promising alternative for possessing the technical merits of both line-commuted converter (LCC) and voltage source converter (VSC), resulting in favorable characteristics and potential control of good prospect. This paper pays heightened attention to the feasible power and DC voltage control modes of a hybrid HVDC system; characteristics of master–slave control show higher flexibility than the LCC-VSC HVDC system, which demonstrates that the exceptional potential can serve to stability support the AC power grids. To optimize the control effect, besides damping level to attenuate power oscillations, the robustness suitable for various faults is also considered to obtain a multi-objective control problem. A detailed solution is proceeding using the TLS-ESPRIT identification algorithm and H2/H∞ hybrid robust control theory. This motivates multi-terminal controllers in the LCC rectifier and MMC inverters, which immensely improve the stability of both sending and receiving girds at the same time. According to the parameters of the actual hybrid HVDC project, the simulation model is established in PSCAD v4.6.2 software, and proposed control methods have been verified to satisfy damping objectives and perform well in multiple operating scenarios.
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Quintero-Arredondo,, Jesus, and Ha Thu Le. "Medium Voltage Direct Current Distribution System for an Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Park." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 18 (December 31, 2023): 412–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232016.2023.18.41.
Abstract:
There is an increasing shift towards the electrification of automobiles to meet zero-emission standards set by many nations. As electric vehicles become more common, their power demand on the power system becomes greater. A substantial modernization or upgrade of the current distribution power grid is required to meet such demand. Since most Level 3 fast chargers utilize DC power, medium voltage direct current (MVDC) provides a feasible alternative to the present AC distribution infrastructure. This study proposes an MVDC distribution model for powering a large EV park consisting of 40 EV charging stations with a 9.6-MW total power demand. Calculation and simulation are used to evaluate the model and compare it with an equivalent MVAC system. The outcomes show that implementing an MVDC distribution system is an efficient approach to meeting the increasing power demand for electric vehicles. The proposed 40-kV MVDC system power loss (13.1kW) is six times lower than that of the equivalent MVAC system (89.74kW). Further, since MVDC systems do not require AC step-down transformers and AC/DC converters at the equipment end, they can be a lower-cost option for powering large EV charging parks. The findings help enhance EV charging infrastructure, which expedites the adoption of EVs for reducing carbon emissions in the transportation sector.
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K, JAGADEESH, and Ch Chengaiah. "Evaluation of PV-based Buck-Boost and SEPIC Converters for EV Charging Applications." Trends in Renewable Energy 10, no. 2 (2024): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17737/tre.2024.10.2.00168.
Abstract:
In recent decades, environmental issues have become an area of greatest concern due to changes in global climate conditions. The transportation sector is a major contributor to carbon dioxide emissions, accounting for more than 22.9% of total carbon dioxide emissions. At present, most vehicles run on gasoline/diesel as fuel which is unsustainable and unviable as fossil fuels produce carbon emissions and fuel costs are rising. To address these issues, electric vehicles (EVs) offer an attractive solution as alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles that use electricity as an energy source. It is logical to use renewable energy to charge vehicles, which makes renewable energy an end-to-end clean energy source. In electric vehicles, energy conversion plays an important role. In the energy conversion process, alternating current (AC) can be converted to direct current (DC), or direct current can be converted to alternating current. In EV fast charging applications, DC-to-DC conversion is used, which requires DC-to-DC converters. In this paper, a detailed evaluation of the Buck-Boost and Single-Ended Primary Inductance Converters (SEPIC) with PV as input is analyzed for EV charging applications to make it end-to-end clean energy. For this purpose, a 5-by-5 PV system with a Buck-Boost, SEPIC converters with particle swarm optimization technique is considered, which is simulated in a MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The simulation results showed that the ripples in output are minimal in SEPIC which supports the smooth and efficient charging of EV battery.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Direct to Alternative Current Converter (DC/AC)":
1
Vidales, Luna Benjamin. "Architecture de convertisseur intégrant une détection de défauts d'arcs électriques appliquée au sources d'énergie continues d'origine photovoltaïques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0040.
Abstract:
Détection de défaut d'arcs intégrée dans un convertisseur intelligent contrôlé par FPGA pour les panneaux photovoltaïques. La mise au point de convertisseur intelligents intégrant des dispositifs de protection est une thématique que cherche à développer l'Institut Technologique de Morelia (Mexique) avec laquelle nous collaborons sur ce projet. L'objectif plus spécifique de ce travail repose sur la détection de défauts d'arc électrique en se basant sur le contrôle intelligent des onduleurs utilisés dans la gestion de l'énergie produite par des panneaux photovoltaïques. Depuis plusieurs années, le développement croissant des panneaux solaires photovoltaïques comme source d’énergie s’est imposé et la sécurité de ces dispositifs liée à la détection de défauts d’arcs électriques est devenu un enjeu majeur. L'approche que nous proposons dans ce travail est le développement d'une stratégie novatrice pour la surveillance et la prédiction de défaillance du réseau électrique constitué de panneaux solaires en présence de défauts d’arcs. Actuellement, la majorité des systèmes de détection comprennent des modules détecteurs disposés dans le circuit électrique à protéger dont la robustesse est loin d'être optimale. L'approche que nous proposons consiste à développer un dispositif de surveillance et de détection de défaut directement intégré dans l'onduleur intelligent. Le contrôle optimal de l'onduleur intelligent assurera une détection fiable de défaut d'arc sans déclenchement intempestif. Le dispositif comprendra également un système de coupure. La méthode de détection que nous privilégions sera basée sur l'analyse du courant et de la tension de ligne. Les algorithmes seront basés sur une analyse temps/fréquence des signatures courant et de tension suivie par une logique pertinente de décision de telle manière à minimiser le taux de fausses détections.Le noyau du convertisseur intelligent est constitué par un FPGA. Le parallélisme des traitements de données assurera le respect des contraintes temps réel. Dans le cadre du projet de thèse, la mise en œuvre, le test des algorithmes de détection et l’implémentation optimale afin de respecter les contraintes temps réel dans le FPGA sera mené dans le cadre d’une cotutelle de thèse entre l’institut technologique de Morelia et l’Université de LorraineIn this research work, the development of a multilevel inverter for PV applications is presented. The PV inverter, has two stages one DC/DC converter and one DC/AC inverter, and is capable of generating an AC multilevel output of nine levels, it's a transformerless inverter and uses a reduced number of components compared to other topologies. The conception of a novel DC/DC converter is capable of generating two isolated DC voltage levels needed to feed the DC/AC stage. This DC/DC stage is developed in two variants, buck and boost, the _rst to perform the reduction of voltage when the DC bus is too high, and second to increase the voltage when the DC bus is too low to perform interconnection with the grid through the DC/AC inverter. This is achieved thanks to the parallel functioning of the developed topology, which make use of moderated duty cycles, that reduces the stress in the passive and switching components, reducing potential losses. The validation of the PV inverter is performed in simulation and experimental scenarios. In the other hand, the response of the inverter facing an arc fault in the DC bus is studied by performing a series of tests where the fault is generated in strategic points of the DC side, this is possible thanks to the design and construction of an arc fault generator based in the specifications of the UL1699B norm. During the tests is observed that with the apparition of an arc fault, there is a lost in the half-wave symmetry of the AC multilevel output voltage waveform, generating even harmonics which aren't present during normal operation, only when an arc fault is present in the DC system. The monitoring of even harmonics set the direction for developing the detection technique. Since the magnitude of even harmonics in the inverter is very low, the total even harmonic distortion is employed as a base for the detection technique presented in this thesis. The effectiveness of this method is verified with a series of tests performed with different loads
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Steckler, Pierre-Baptiste. "Contribution à la conversion AC/DC en Haute Tension." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI075.
Abstract:
Le courant alternatif (AC) se prêtant bien à la majorité des problématiques de production, de transport et de distribution de l'électricité, on comprend qu'il soit massivement utilisé. Cependant, depuis plus d'un siècle, les bénéfices du courant continu haute tension (HVDC, pour High Voltage Direct Current) pour les longues distances sont bien connus. Aux interfaces, des convertisseurs AC/DC sont requis, leur composition évoluant au fil des avancées technologiques. Après avoir présenté les spécificités du HVDC et les contraintes qu'il introduit sur les convertisseurs AC/DC, ce manuscrit se focalise sur trois topologies : Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), Alternate Arm Converter (AAC) et Series Bridge Converter (SBC). Elles sont présentées, dimensionnées et analysées en détail, puis comparées de façon quantitative en utilisant des indicateurs de performance originaux. Il en ressort que le MMC et le SBC sont particulièrement intéressants. La méthode de commande conventionnelle du MMC est ensuite présentée et ses propriétés structurelles sont mises en évidence. Une première loi de commande originale est présentée, avec des performances similaires mais une complexité inférieure à l'état de l'art. La seconde est non linéaire, basée sur la théorie de la platitude différentielle, et permet un suivi de puissance très rapide tout en assurant la stabilité exponentielle globale du système. Ces lois de commande sont évaluées en simulation, avec un modèle moyen et un modèle détaillé intégrant 180 sous-modules par bras. La dernière partie concerne le SBC. Après l'avoir modélisé, des résultats concernant une analyse structurelle de la topologie sont présentés ainsi qu'une loi de commande originale. Le rôle fondamental du transformateur pour les convertisseurs à structure série comme le SBC est souligné. Enfin, les performances de la loi de commande proposée sont testées en simulationAs Alternating Current (AC) is well suited for most of the production, transmission, and distribution applications, its massive use is easy to understand. However, for over a century, the benefits of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) for long-distance energy transmission are well known. To connect both, AC/DC converters are mandatory, whose nature evolves with technological progress. After the problematic induced by HVDC on AC/DC converters is presented, this manuscript is focused on three topologies: Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), Alternate Arm Converter (AAC) and Series Bridge Converter (SBC). They are presented, sized, analyzed thoroughly, and compared in quantitative terms, using original key performance indicators. It appears that MMC and SBC are particularly promising. The conventional control method of the MMC is then presented, and its structural properties are highlighted. A first original control law is presented, with similar performances but less complexity than the state-of-the-art. A second control law, non-linear and based on differential flatness theory, is introduced. It allows a very fast power tracking response while ensuring the global exponential stability of the system. These control laws are tested in simulation, using an average model and a detailed model with 180 sub-modules per arm. The last part is dedicated to the SBC. After a modeling step, some results regarding its structural analysis are presented, and an original control law is introduced. The essential role of the transformer for series converters like the SBC is highlighted. Finally, the performance of the proposed control law is assessed in simulation
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Hadjikypris, Melios. "Supervisory control scheme for FACTS and HVDC based damping of inter-area power oscillations in hybrid AC-DC power systems." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/supervisory-control-scheme-for-facts-and-hvdc-based-damping-of-interarea-power-oscillations-in-hybrid-acdc-power-systems(cc03b44a-97f9-44ec-839f-5dcbcf2801f1).html.
Abstract:
Modern interconnected power systems are becoming highly complex and sophisticated, while increasing energy penetrations through congested inter-tie lines causing the operating point approaching stability margins. This as a result, exposes the overall system to potential low frequency power oscillation phenomena following disturbances. This in turn can lead to cascading events and blackouts. Recent approaches to counteract this phenomenon are based on utilization of wide area monitoring systems (WAMS) and power electronics based devices, such as flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) and HVDC links for advanced power oscillation damping provision. The rise of hybrid AC-DC power systems is therefore sought as a viable solution in overcoming this challenge and securing wide-area stability. If multiple FACTS devices and HVDC links are integrated in a scheme with no supervising control actions considered amongst them, the overall system response might not be optimal. Each device might attempt to individually damp power oscillations ignoring the control status of the rest. This introduces an increasing chance of destabilizing interactions taking place between them, leading to under-utilized performance, increased costs and system wide-area stability deterioration. This research investigates the development of a novel supervisory control scheme that optimally coordinates a parallel operation of multiple FACTS devices and an HVDC link distributed across a power system. The control system is based on Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) modern optimal control theory. The proposed new control scheme provides coordinating control signals to WAMS based FACTS devices and HVDC link, to optimally and coherently counteract inter-area modes of low frequency power oscillations inherent in the system. The thesis makes a thorough review of the existing and well-established improved stability practises a power system benefits from through the implementation of a single FACTS device or HVDC link, and compares the case –and hence raises the issue–when all active components are integrated simultaneously and uncoordinatedly. System identification approaches are also in the core of this research, serving as means of reaching a linear state space model representative of the non-linear power system, which is a pre-requisite for LQG control design methodology.
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Combe, Quentin. "Éjection électromagnétique : modèle et réalisation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0107.
Abstract:
Cette thèse se concentre sur la thématique de l'éjection électromagnétique appliquée dans le cadre de l'industrie du recyclage des métaux. L'objectif de celle-ci est la modélisation et la réalisation d'une architecture de conversion d'énergie permettant la réalisation de cette éjection. Le champ magnétique variable généré est utilisé afin de séparer d'un flux de déchets les matériaux métalliques non ferromagnétique tel que l'aluminium ou le cuivre par le biais d'une force de Laplace engendrée par la conjonction entre le champ magnétique crée et le champ magnétique induit par les courants de Foucault dans les matériaux conducteurs. L'architecture développée se compose de plusieurs éléments: un redresseur, un onduleur et un inducteur. La partie redresseur, à large plage de fonctionnement connectée sur le réseau d'alimentation triphasée permet d'obtenir une tension continu réglable et assure un prélèvement sinusoïdale de courant en phase avec la tension. La partie onduleur, permet de contrôler la puissance transmise, en adaptant l'amplitude et la fréquence du courant traversant la dernière partie du système que forme l'inducteur, responsable de la création du champ magnétique alternatif. Le choix du redresseur s'est porté sur la structure classique du redresseur abaisseur de tension de type Buck en raison de la faible impédance de l'inducteur utilisé. Bien que cette structure permette d'abaisser la tension triphasée, sa plage de fonctionnement peut être facilement augmentée sans l'ajout de composant passif. Le contrôle classique de ce redresseur ne se base que sur ses grandeurs de sorties ce qui peut engendrer des oscillations non contrôlées causées par la mise en résonance du filtre LC d'entrée excité par les harmoniques générés par les commutations des transistors. Nous avons proposé dans cette thèse une nouvelle méthode de contrôle qui traite à la fois de ses grandeurs d'entrée et de sortie et qui permet de contrôler les éventuelles oscillations du filtre LC d'entrée tout en bénéficiant d'une meilleure réponse dynamique lorsque le système est soumis à un échelon de charge. Cette méthode de contrôle se base sur les propriétés de platitude des systèmes différentielles, ainsi elle ne dépend pas du point de fonctionnement et garantit la stabilité large signal du système. Le choix de l'onduleur monophasé s'est porté sur une structure en pont complet permettant l'application de trois niveaux de tension et un large choix de contrôle de l'amplitude, de la forme et de la fréquence du courant traversant l'inducteur. Différents contrôle de ce convertisseur ont été étudiés et comparés. Ceux-ci permettent de faire varier la puissance injectée dans l'inducteur, ont un impact sur le contenu harmonique du courant le traversant et sur les contraintes des différents composants du système. Une modélisation de l'inducteur ainsi qu'une estimation de la valeur du champ magnétique nécessaire à l'éjection est effectuée. Les différentes méthodes proposées sont validées par des résultats de simulations numérique mais également par le biais de tests expérimentaux réalisés sur le système completThis thesis focuses on the subject of electromagnetic ejection applied in the context of the metal recycling industry. The aim of this thesis is the modeling and the development of an architecture of energy conversion allowing the realization of this ejection. The generated variable magnetic field is used to separate non-ferromagnetic metallic materials such as aluminum or copper from a waste stream by means of a Laplace force generated by the conjunction between the magnetic field created and the magnetic field induced by the eddy currents in the conductive materials.The developed architecture is composed of several elements: a rectifier, an inverter and an inductor. The rectifier part with a wide operating range connected to the three-phase grid network allows to obtain an adjustable DC voltage and ensures a sinusoidal current in phase with the voltage. The inverter part allows to control the transferred power, by adjusting the amplitude and frequency of the current flowing through the last part of the system represented by the inductor, responsible for the generation of the variable magnetic field.The rectifier is based on the classical Buck rectifier structure because of the low impedance of the inductor used. Although this structure allows to lower the three-phase grid voltage, its operating range can be easily increased without the addition of passive components. The classical control of this rectifier is based only on its output variables which can lead to uncontrolled oscillations caused by the resonance of the lightly damped input LC filter excited by the harmonics generated by the switching of transistors. In this thesis, we proposed a new control method that deals with both its input and output variables and that allows both to control the oscillations of the input LC filter while obtaining a better dynamic response when the system is subjected to a load step. This control method is based on the flatness properties of differential systems, so it does not depend on the operating point and guarantees the large signal stability of the system.The single-phase inverter is based on a full bridge structure allowing the application of three voltage levels and a wide choice of control of the amplitude, shape and frequency of the current flowing through the inductor. Different controls of this converter have been studied and compared. These allow to vary the power injected in the inductor, have an impact on the harmonic content of the current flowing through it and on the constraints of the different components of the system.A modeling of the inductor as well as an estimation of the value of the magnetic field necessary for the ejection is carried out. The different methods proposed are verified by numerical simulations but also by experimental tests performed on the whole system
5
Γιαννόπουλος, Σπυρίδων. "Έλεγχος τριφασικού ac/dc αντιστροφέα από την πλευρά του δικτύου για απευθείας στήριξη της αέργου ισχύος με τοπική παραγωγή αιολικού συστήματος." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8095.
Abstract:
Οι συνεχώς αυξανόμενες ενεργειακές απαιτήσεις της σύγχρονης κοινωνίας σε συνδυασμό με τις ραγδαίες κλιματικές αλλαγές μας οδηγούν στην ανάγκη παραγωγής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με όσο το δυνατό πιο οικονομικό και φιλικό προς το περιβάλλον τρόπο. Έτσι, οι Ανανεώσιμες Πηγές Ενέργειας αποκτούν ολοένα και μεγαλύτερο μερίδιο στην παραγωγή ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας, αλλάζοντας συνεχώς τον παγκόσμιο ενεργειακό χάρτη. Τα αιολικά συστήματα, τα οποία αξιοποιούν την κινητική ενέργεια του ανέμου, είναι ένα είδος ΑΠΕ. Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετάμε ένα αιολικό σύστημα, το οποίο αποτελείται από μία ανεμογεννήτρια μεταβλητών στροφών που χρησιμοποιεί μία σύγχρονη μηχανή μόνιμου μαγνήτη, έναν μετατροπέα πηγής τάσης, ένα R-L φίλτρο στην πλευρά του δικτύου και μία γραμμή μεταφοράς μικρού μήκους. Η αυξημένη αξιοπιστία και απόδοση της ΣΜΜΜ την καθιστούν ιδιαίτερα ελκυστική λύση για τα αιολικά συστήματα. Στην εργασία αυτή προσομοιώνουμε σε περιβάλλον Matlab/Simulink το σύστημα που περιγράψαμε παραπάνω. Εφαρμόζοντας τις κατάλληλες τεχνικές ελέγχου από την πλευρά της μηχανής προσπαθούμε να πετύχουμε μέγιστη απομάστευση ισχύος από τον άνεμο, ενώ στην πλευρά του δικτύου προσπαθούμε μέσω άμεσου ελέγχου ροής ισχύος να πετύχουμε μοναδιαίο συντελεστή ισχύος με ταυτόχρονη ρύθμιση της τάσης της dc διασύνδεσης. Στη συνέχεια, μέσω ενός πρόσθετου ελέγχου προσπαθούμε να κρατήσουμε την τάση στην έξοδο του φίλτρου σταθερή, κατά τη διάρκεια πτώσης της τάσης του δικτύου. Τέλος, παραθέτουμε τα αποτελέσματα της προσομοίωσης μαζί με έναν σύντομο σχολιασμό και τα συμπεράσματα.The continuously increasing energy requirements of modern society combined with the rapid climate changes lead us to the need to produce electrical energy in a more economic and environmentally friendly way. Thus, the Renewable Energy Sources gain an increasing share of electrical energy production, constantly changing the global energy map. Wind power systems, which utilize the kinetic energy of the wind, are a kind of RES. In this thesis we study a wind power system, which comprises a variable speed wind turbine, which uses a permanent magnet synchronous machine, a voltage source converter, an R-L filter in the grid side and a short transmission line. The increased reliability and performance of PMSG make it particularly attractive solution for wind power systems. In this thesis we simulate in Matlab/Simulink environment the system described above. Applying appropriate control techniques on the machine side we try to achieve maximum power harvesting from the wind, while on the grid side we try through direct power flow control to achieve unit power factor with simultaneous control of the dc link voltage. Then, using an additional control we try to keep constant the voltage at the end of the R-L filter during a grid voltage drop. Finally, we present the simulation results along with a brief commentary and the conclusions.
6
Nagabhushana, T. N. "Fault Diagnosis Of AC And AC-DC Systems Using Constructive Learning RBF Neural Networks." Thesis, 1996. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/1748.
7
Nagabhushana, T. N. "Fault Diagnosis Of AC And AC-DC Systems Using Constructive Learning RBF Neural Networks." Thesis, 1996. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1748.
8
Dastgeer, Faizan. "Direct current distribution systems for residential areas powered by distributed generation." Thesis, 2011. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/19383/.
Abstract:
Power system began its journey with DC power as pioneered by Edison. However,
this was soon rivalled by AC power and ultimately DC paradigm found
itself quite obsolete, against the ongoing urge to adapt in favor of higher efficiency.
AC became the choice for power transfer in all areas of the power
system namely generation, transmission, sub-transmission and distribution.
However, just as history repeats itself, the fight between these two paradigms
of power transfer was reignited as DC proved to be comparable and in certain
cases better suited for power transmission eventually leading to the acceptance
of HVDC transmission. Ironically, it was again the urge for higher efficiency
that led to the shift in the choice and this time it was the AC system which
found itself being questioned. DC power has begun a come back!
Books on the topic "Direct to Alternative Current Converter (DC/AC)":
1
Meeting, IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer. Panel session on operating experience of DC systems interacting with weak AC systems: The IEEE Power Engineering Society, 1991 Summer Meeting, July 31, 1991. Piscataway, NJ: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1991.
Book chapters on the topic "Direct to Alternative Current Converter (DC/AC)":
1
Vyas, Megha, and Shripati Vyas. "Matrix Converter." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 219–44. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4012-4.ch008.
Abstract:
The matrix converter (MC) has recently attracted significant attention among researchers because of its applications in wind energy conversion, military power supplies, induction motor drives, etc. Recently, different MC topologies have been proposed and developed which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Matrix converter can be classified as a direct and indirect structure. This chapter aims to give a general description of the basic features of a three phase to three phase matrix converters in terms of performance and of technological issues. Matrix converter is a direct AC-AC converter topology that is able to directly convert energy from an AC source to an AC load without the need of a bulky and limited lifetime energy storage element. AC-AC topologies receive extensive research attention for being an alternative to replace traditional AC-DC-AC converters in the variable voltage and variable frequency AC drive applications.
2
Fekik, Arezki, Mohamed Lamine Hamida, Hamza Houassine, Ahmad Taher Azar, Nashwa Ahmad Kamal, Hakim Denoun, Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan, and Aceng Sambas. "Power Quality Improvement for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Panels Using Direct Power Control." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 107–42. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7447-8.ch005.
Abstract:
This chapter displays a control strategy for a photovoltaic system (PV) linked to the network with two phases of a PWM converter, where the first phase is a DC-DC converter linked among the photovoltaic source and the DC-AC converter. The second phase is a DC-AC converter linked to the grid. The maximum power point (MPP) is tracked by DC-DC converter, which increases the DC bus voltage. The P&O (perturbation and observation) technique is utilized as a direct current (DC-DC) converter controller to make the PV arrays work at greatest value of power under changing weather conditions. The DC-AC converter transfers the maximum power extracted from the PV cell into the grid. To improve the energy quality produced by the photovoltaic field other than the performance of the pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter, direct power control (DPC) is used to achieve these improvements. The simulation results showed a good performance of the suggested controller. Decoupled power control is achieved successfully, and a good power quality with low harmonic distortion rate (THD) is obtained.
3
Singh, Brijendra Pratap, and M. M. Gore. "Smart DC Microgrid." In Research Anthology on Smart Grid and Microgrid Development, 672–99. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3666-0.ch029.
Abstract:
The objective of this chapter is to elucidate on microgrid technologies, a comparison of direct current (DC) microgrid technology and alternating current (AC) microgrid technology, the role of the information and communication technology, demand response programs, and the evolution of Industry 4.0 in detail. The microgrid is a cyber-physical system. ICT is used for computing control algorithms and sending control information to actuators for physical processes. In a cyber-physical system, the physical processes, which are governed by the laws of physics, are controlled by computers. The computers are used for computing or executing the algorithms (i.e., the control logic) and the result is sent to the actuators in the form of control signal for actual control. In a microgrid, a consumer can act as a producer also, which is termed as the prosumer. This chapter explains the maximum power point tracking algorithm, software-defined battery, the operation of parallel converters, the working of prosumer, the demand response program, communication technologies, and the (industrial) Internet of Things.
4
Singh, Brijendra Pratap, and M. M. Gore. "Smart DC Microgrid." In Technological Developments in Industry 4.0 for Business Applications, 100–128. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4936-9.ch005.
Abstract:
The objective of this chapter is to elucidate on microgrid technologies, a comparison of direct current (DC) microgrid technology and alternating current (AC) microgrid technology, the role of the information and communication technology, demand response programs, and the evolution of Industry 4.0 in detail. The microgrid is a cyber-physical system. ICT is used for computing control algorithms and sending control information to actuators for physical processes. In a cyber-physical system, the physical processes, which are governed by the laws of physics, are controlled by computers. The computers are used for computing or executing the algorithms (i.e., the control logic) and the result is sent to the actuators in the form of control signal for actual control. In a microgrid, a consumer can act as a producer also, which is termed as the prosumer. This chapter explains the maximum power point tracking algorithm, software-defined battery, the operation of parallel converters, the working of prosumer, the demand response program, communication technologies, and the (industrial) Internet of Things.
5
Abbadi, Amel, Fethia Hamidia, Abdelkader Morsli, Habiba Bellatrache, Djamel Boukhetala, and Lazhari Nazli. "Interval Type 2 Fuzzy-Logic-Based Solar Power MPPT Algorithm Connected to AC Grid." In Research Anthology on Clean Energy Management and Solutions, 891–903. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9152-9.ch037.
Abstract:
In this article, an interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) is used as a Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) to supply a large scale interconnected grid. The IT2FLC has the advantage of being able to regulate the MPP in case of severe variations of the weather conditions. A photovoltaic array is connected to AC grid via a DC-DC boost converter and a three-phase three-level Voltage Source Converter (VSC). The duty cycle of the boost converter is switched by the IT2FLC. A three phase VSC converts the VDC link voltage to AC and keeps unity power factor. The VSC control system uses two control loops: an external control loop which regulates DC link voltage to alternative current and an internal control loop which regulates the active and the reactive grid currents. Vd and Vq voltage outputs of the current controller are converted to three modulating signals used by the PWM Generator.
6
Maurya, Rinki, Priya Sharma, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, and Surya Prakash. "Revolution Towards DC Microgrids." In Operational Research for Renewable Energy and Sustainable Environments, 225–51. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9130-0.ch010.
Abstract:
A DC microgrid is a decentralized electricity system that uses direct current (DC) power for distribution and consumption. It is an alternative to the traditional alternating current (AC) microgrid, which is the dominant electrical distribution system used in most parts of the world. The adoption of DC microgrids has been gaining momentum in recent years due to their numerous advantages over AC microgrids, including improved energy efficiency, reduced power loss during transmission, and the ability to integrate renewable energy sources more easily. In this chapter, the authors review the technical and economic benefits of all types of possible grids and microgrids and discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with their deployment. Overall, the analysis suggests that the transition to DC microgrids is a promising approach for addressing the energy challenges of the 21st century and could play a significant role in the ongoing energy transition.
7
Fekik, Arezki, Mohamed Lamine Hamida, Hakim Denoun, Ahmad Taher Azar, Nashwa Ahmad Kamal, Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan, Amar Bousbaine, and Nacereddine Benamrouche. "Multilevel Inverter for Hybrid Fuel Cell/PV Energy Conversion System." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 233–70. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7447-8.ch009.
Abstract:
Power converters assume a significant part in fuel cell power generation systems and solar power conversion systems which are an alternative to fossil fuel production systems. There is therefore a demand for high quality power conditioning used in PEMFC systems and photovoltaic panels. This chapter proposes a hybrid electric power (FC/PV) production strategy with the use of converter topology as the power interface and also introduces a three-level inverter topology for different operating levels. The converter increases the input voltage to the rated voltage and turns into a DC bus; the multi-level inverter converts the voltage to AC and supplies AC loads. This chapter develops a hybrid electric power generation strategy, which can produce output with positive and zero sequences. Integrating the three-stage inverter into the hybrid renewable energy (FC/PV) production system allows for near sinusoidal current with low THD. The topology of hybrid energy production using the multi-level converter is tested on Matlab.
8
S, Chitra Selvi. "Enhancement of Efficiency in E-Vehicle Using Hybrid Energy." In Intelligent Systems and Computer Technology. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc200195.
Abstract:
In the current world due to scarcity of fossil fuel, an alternative energy is required. And now thanks to shortage of gasoline in future and its dangerous impact on the environment, and its necessary to develop an alternate power to give solution for insufficient energy source. Electric motors are creating noise but we want very smooth noise-less operation and have more efficiency as compared to the traditional Engines. Wind generation is smooth and sustainable that has to be absolutely utilized by the car industry. Solar electricity is harvested by PVarrays, the terminal voltage of Photovoltaic arrays switched through a DC/DC converter to buck boost converter. Then, we are going to hybrid those energy and use it to run the vehicle. we increased the efficiency by way of using 80% on direct usage and 20% for battery charging.
Conference papers on the topic "Direct to Alternative Current Converter (DC/AC)":
1
Indrajith, Bawantha, Kosala Gunawardane, and Hasith Jayasinghe. "A Review: DC Microgrids for Sustainable Power Delivery in Offshore Industries." In ASME 2023 42nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2023-103054.
Abstract:
Abstract Legacy Alternating Current (AC) based power systems, coupled with bulk-generated electrical energy from fossil fuels, are working against the achievement of sustainable development. Worldwide integration of renewable energy in power generation is growing rapidly. This is making a major contribution to the achievement of sustainable development goals and affordable clean energy. Direct Current (DC) operable products are becoming the most common type of internal power architecture in many application domains in both land and marine based systems. In these systems, power supplied from AC form is internally converted to DC within the appliance. Renewable-based power generation, including solar photovoltaics (PVs), wind, wave, and tidal generators, can generate DC power intrinsically or can be converted to DC power. In addition to that the supportive novel technologies developing around renewable energy generation such as hydrogen storages, fuel cells and associated other alternative energy storage technologies such as battery and supercapacitors all are intrinsically in DC form. Therefore, both the supply and the demand sides of power systems are in favor of moving towards DC systems called DC microgrids. With the elimination of DC/AC and AC/DC converter stages in DC grids, they create a highly efficient, low-cost platform. Also impacts such as skin effect, reactive power usage, power quality issues and grid synchronization are comprehensively reduced too. Since renewable sources like photovoltaics generate on-site DC power, eliminating the need for long distance AC transmission facilities, they are particularly attractive for remote communities and industrial and commercial sites. Since the minimum interaction on main power grids, offshore systems are more attractive to be operated as low voltage DC distribution. DC microgrids have the potential to revolutionize power systems by offering a versatile solution for a wide range of power applications. These microgrids can support various power applications including small-scale generation, energy storage backup, data centers, marine operations, and industrial facilities. With the details provided about the objectives behind the trend towards DC microgrids, their benefits and some issues, a comprehensive discussion about DC microgrid standards, components and controlling are also presented. Furthermore, this paper discusses application of offshore industries like aquaculture, oil and gas. These offshore industries are rapidly integrating with DC microgrids to have low-emission operations with reduced impact on nature. With the information illustrated on this paper, it is desirable to indicate that system and control architecture for a desired offshore application can be designed uniquely from any another industrial application to have sustainable power delivery arrangements.
2
Ayers, William Norris. "DC Grids for Ship Propulsion: Benefits and Challenges." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2022-037.
Abstract:
While the application of lithium-ion batteries to propulsion has dominated the marine industry’s attention, another equally important shift is occurring. The standard alternating-current (AC) backbone of a diesel-electric is being replaced with direct current (DC). AC generators and motors remain but are connected through converters. This architecture is often referred to as a DC grid. They offer advantages such as reducing volume, weight and electrical harmonics while making it easier to interconnect DC sources like batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells. Their biggest disadvantage is developing higher fault currents in a shorter amount of time than a comparable AC network. This has required unique protection schemes and led to a challenge for existing regulatory norms.
3
Pawar, Komal, Pratiksha Kumbhar, Nikita Pawar, Pratidnya Sawant, Akash Patil, and U. V. Jagtap. "Advanced Control Strategy for Solar PV and Battery Storage Integration Using Three Level NPC Inverter." In National Conference on Relevance of Engineering and Science for Environment and Society. AIJR Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.118.42.
Abstract:
A new control algorithm for the proposed system is also presented in order to control the power delivery between the solar PV, battery and grid which simultaneously provides maximum power point tracking (MPPT) operation for the solar PV . Using this systems save solar energy, reduce pollution ,less total harmonic distortion (THD) ,as well as and lower maintenance .Cost also efficient .We used solar energy plays an important role in electricity generation in our project .Solar photovoltaic (PV) system and battery storage, which is implemented using a three level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter. An inverter is an electrical device that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC); the resulting AC can be at any required voltage and frequency with the use of appropriate transformers, switching, and control circuits. Renewable energy (solar energy) plays an important role in electricity generation. Proposed work . The solar inverter consist of solar panel , controller , inverter & batteries , all of which can function independently without utility . The solar system are now being used widely in different fields, like street lighting , traffic , telecommunications base ,large scale billboards & home power. In this paper, a novel configuration of a three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter that can integrate solar photovoltaic (PV) with battery storage in a grid-connected system is proposed. The strength of the proposed topology lies in a novel, extended unbalance three-level vector modulation technique that can generate the correct ac voltage under unbalanced dc voltage conditions.
4
Guo, Y., and F. Dai. "Current predictive control of Quasi-Z source three-phase four-leg direct matrix converter." In 18th International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission (ACDC 2022). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2022.1326.
5
Reddy, P. P., and D. Lee. "Simplifying SCR to AC Rig Conversions to Deploy Digital and Automated Drilling Technologies." In SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214555-ms.
Abstract:
Abstract Advancements in drilling control system technologies enable gains in efficiency and repeatability. Recent developments also frequently include automation. To achieve these improvements, the industry is developing and introducing new control tools with rapid speed. However, not all drilling contractors are able to leverage these new advancements in machine controls. Capitalizing on the new technologies requires that drilling rigs are running current generation Alternating Current (AC) drawworks and are fitted with controls system architecture suitable for this generation of hardware. Simply put, the industry is not developing Digital and Automated Drilling Control technology for dated, legacy drawworks run by direct current (DC) silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) systems. This is a problem for many rigs in the fleet. Because these rigs have antiquated hardware, they cannot be outfitted with the latest control systems without being upgraded with AC hardware platforms and equipment. This leaves many rigs lacking features and technologies that make them more capable and more competitive. Upgrades require an investment, and the cost and time associated with making hardware changes has been a barrier to entry for drilling contractors eager to capitalize on the new controls system technologies. Historically, converting an SCR rig to AC technology required that the rig be rebuilt entirely. There are obvious incentives for upgrading ageing rigs, but the traditional approach to carrying out an upgrade is too time- and cost-intensive. The industry needs an affordable way to upgrade outmoded assets that can be implemented without resulting in extensive non-productive time (NPT) or lost revenue. A new approach has been introduced to simplify the process. By swapping the existing direct current (DC) top drive and DC drawworks with AC models and adding a compact driller's cabin equipped with built-in drives to power and control the top drive and drawworks, an upgrade can be performed during a rig move. Using this upgrade method, an older rig can be outfitted to interface with new technologies to capture efficiency gains within a significantly shortened timeline. This solution is feasible, but to enable execution, all upgrades must be tailored specifically to the rig layout. Before any work can be undertaken, thorough pre-planning discussions must take place among the parties involved, including management, finance, engineering, operations, and project execution teams. A recent upgrade carried out during a rig move for a 2,000-horsepower class rig working in Saudi Arabia demonstrates how a field- retrofit solution makes it possible to quickly and cost-effectively convert any SCR drilling rig to AC without incurring extensive NPT.
6
Sujapradeepa, M., A. Allwyn Clarence Asis, and S. EdwardRqjan. "Performance Evaluation of a Direct AC-DC Boost Converter for Piezo-Electric Energy Harvesting System." In 2018 International Conference on Current Trends towards Converging Technologies (ICCTCT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icctct.2018.8550875.
7
Nawawi Seroji, Mohammad, and Andrew J. Forsyth. "A simple direct-frequency control of AC/DC three-phase Current Injection Series Resonant Converter (CISRC)." In Applications (ISIEA 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isiea.2009.5356368.
8
Govindarasu, Anbarasu, Sukumar T, Gugainamasivayam Sathyamoorthy, and Vivek Subramanian. "Optimization of Cooling Efficiency in Inverter Assembly Using Numerical and Experimental Analysis." In International Conference on Advances in Design, Materials, Manufacturing and Surface Engineering for Mobility. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-28-0162.
Abstract:
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the coming years, moving towards a hundred percent electric vehicles will be one of the key areas in the automotive industry. The main advantages of using e-mobility are operational flexibility, lower carbon emission and regenerative energy. Thermal management in an e-vehicle plays a vital role for the reliability of the system and any thermal failure can cost a significant amount of money to a company per vehicle. Inverter assembly is widely used to convert Direct Current (DC) to Alternating Current (AC) in the e-mobility platform to operate the motor for vehicle propulsion. It consists of various electronic transmitters, controllers, capacitors, and semi-conductors which will emit an enormous amount of heat during their operation. Since inverters are highly temperature sensitive in nature, it is necessary to improve the temperature distribution in the device. For this reason, adequate cooling system and ventilation is inevitable to keep the components operational. In this study, the thermal characteristic of the inverter was determined using transient thermal analysis considering three different fin geometry used in the heat sink. The two major heat sources are capacitors and Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), and the heat transfer in the inverter assembly is due to conduction, convection, and radiation. This paper deals with the optimization of inverter fin to meet the cooling efficiency. Also, experimental validation was performed to verify the simulation results and correlation study was carried out to find the results accuracy of the numerical method. Simulation methodology was standardized for the thermal management of an inverter which can be effectively used in the electric vehicle industry.</div></div>
9
Duraipandi, Arumuga Pandian, Renan Leon, Herve Ribot, Antony Vinoth Raja, Altafhussain Farooqui, and Vinoth-Roy Chandrasekaran. "Structural Validation and Correlation of Inverter Gasket." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-2744.
Abstract:
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Inverter is the power electronics component that drives the electrical motor of the electrical driven compressor (EDC) and communicates with the car network. The main function of the inverter is to convert the direct current (DC) voltage of the car battery into alternating current (AC) voltage, which is used to drive the three-phase electric motor. In recent days, inverters are present in all automotive products due to electrification. Inverter contains a printed circuit board (PCB) and electronic components, which are mounted inside a mechanical housing and enclosed by a protective cover. The performance of the electrical drive depends upon the functioning of the inverter. There is a strong demand from the customer to withstand the harsh environmental and testing conditions during its lifetime such as leakage, dust, vibration, thermal tests etc. The failure of the inverter leads to malfunction of the product, hence proper sealing and validation is necessary for inverters to protect the electronic components. Generally, a metallic gasket and rubber gaskets are used as a sealant to protect the electronic components. The influence of design parameters which impact the gasket pressure by selecting the type of screws, number of screws required, minimum distance between the screws and minimum preload required to withstand the thermal conditions are studied and discussed in this paper. The simulation results predict the gasket pressure due to compression, shape of gasket and compressive ratio. The gasket pressure measured from pressure sensitive film test results are well correlated with simulation gasket pressure results. Finally, this robust methodology supports us to virtually validate the gasket design by reducing the number of design iterations and quick evaluation of products.</div></div>
10
Da Silva Santos, Maxwel, Luciano Sales Barros, Rafael Lucas da Silva França, Flavio Bezerra Costa, and Kai Strunz. "Power Flow Analysis of MMC-HVDC System with Margin Voltage and Voltage Droop Control Strategies." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Elétricos - SBSE2020. sbabra, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.48011/sbse.v1i1.2264.
Abstract:
High voltage direct current (HVDC) systems are an alternative for transmission of energy with higher efficiency and lower electrical losses over long distances. HVDC systems have become more common with the evolution of power electronics, promoting the interest of research in power flow control techniques. The main objective of this paper is to perform evaluations of the power flow in a meshed multiterminal HVDC (MT-HVDC) system based on the multilevel modular converter (MMC). Two different control strategies were considered; The margin voltage; and the voltage droop strategies. Two assessment scenarios were considered: when an active power reference takes place in the system; and when a DC transmission line is open-circuit due to a failure in the DC grid. For both of these test cases, the system with the margin voltage control obtained a new balance of power flow with less oscillations in power andvoltage than the one with the voltage droop control.