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Oliveira, Dayane Carvalho Ramos Salles de 1987. "Color stability of direct esthetic restorations = Estabilidade da cor de restaurações estéticas diretas." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290398.
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Orientador: Luis Alexandre Maffei Sartini PaulilloTexto em português e inglês
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar através de espectrometria FT-IR e espectrofotometria de refletância, a estabilidade da cor de restaurações estéticas em resinas compostas após envelhecimento artificial acelerado (EAA). Para tanto, foram utilizados os sistemas adesivos: convencional de 3 passos - Adper ScotchBond Multi-Purpose (3M/ESPE), convencional de 2 passos - Tetric N Bond (Ivoclar Vivadent), autocondicionante de 2 passos - ClearFill SE Bond (Kuraray) e resinas compostas na cor EA1: nanoparticulada Filtek Z350 XT Supreme (3M/ESPE) e microhíbrida IPS Empress Direct (Ivoclar Vivadent). Espécimes simulando restaurações diretas (n=10) foram confeccionadas, com auxilio de matriz padronizada (4x4x1 mm) sobre substrato dentinário. Restaurações sem sistema adesivo foram utilizadas como controle. As avaliações de cor foram mensuradas com espectrofotômetro (EasyShade Advanced, Vita Zahnfabrik) em duas regiões distintas da restauração: na superfície da resina composta e na interface adesiva, em dois períodos de tempo: 48 h após acabamento e polimento da restauração e após 300 h de EAA com ciclos de 50oC alternados de 4 h de condensação e 4 h de exposição com luz UV. Os espécimes foram aferidos sob fonte de luz padronizada com irradiância espectral relativa D65 (Gti MiniMatcher, Gti Graphic Technology Inc.). Os dados do sistema CIE L*a*b* foram utilizados para o cálculo do ?E, ?L, ?a e ?b pela diferença de cada coordenada final pela inicial. Para análise do grau de conversão (GC) das resinas compostas utilizadas, espécimes com 4 mm de diâmetro (n=10) foram confeccionados e após 48 h analisados em espectrômetro FT-IR Spectrum 100 (Perkin Elmer). Os resultados obtidos foram analisados pela análise de variância a dois fatores e teste de Tukey (?=0,05). Os sistemas adesivos não interferiram na alteração de cor (?E) do corpo da restauração (?=0,90) ou da interface de união (?=0,78). Por outro lado, o fator resina composta foi significativo para a estabilidade de cor (?E) e para os valores das coordenadas isoladas (?<0,001). Em relação ao GC, a resina IPS Empress Direct apresentou resultados superiores (67%) frente a Z350XT (61%) com diferença estatisticamente significante (?<0,001). Desta forma, concluiu-se que o sistema adesivo não foi capaz de alterar a cor final de restaurações estéticas diretas. Entretanto, em relação para o fator resina composta foi encontrada diferença quanto à estabilidade da cor pelo EEA e ao GC, no qual a IPS Empress Direct apresentou resultados superiores
Abstract: The aim of this study was tm po evaluate the color stability and degree of conversion of esthetic composite resin restorations after accelerated artificial aging (AAA) by FT-IR and reflectance spectrometry. Thus, two etch and rinse adhesive systems - Adper ScotchBond Multi-Purpose (3M/ESPE) and Tetric N Bond (Ivoclar Vivadent) and one two-step self-etching bond system - ClearFill SE Bond (Kuraray) were used with two EA1 shade composite resins: Filtek Z350 XT nanofilled (3M/ESPE) and IPS Empress Direct microhybrid (Ivoclar Vivadent). The restored specimens (n=10) were made with standardized dimensions using a silicon mold under dentin substrate (4x4x1mm). The color were measured with a spectrophotometer (EasyShade Advanced, Vita Zahnfabrik) on composite resin surface and bond interface: 48 hours after finishing and polishing procedures; after 300 hours of AAA with 50oC cycles with 4 hours of condensation and 4 hours of UV exposure. Specimens were measured in a color-assessment cabinet (Gti MiniMatcher, Gti Graphic Technology Inc.) with a light source simulating the spectral relative irradiance of CIE standard illuminant D65. The CIE L*a*b* data were used to calculate the ?E, ?L, ?a and ?b by the difference between each final and initial coordinate. The degree of conversion (DC) of the composite resins used was measured using 4x4x1 mm samples (n=10). The DC analysis was performed using a FT-IR spectrometer Spectrum 100 (Perkin Elmer) after 48 hours. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (?=0.05). As the results, the adhesive systems had no significant influence on the color stability (?E) of the restoration surface (?=0.90) or the bonding interface (?=0.78). Moreover, the composite resin factor was significant and influenced the color as measured by ?E and isolated coordinates (?<0.001). As for the DC, IPS Empress Direct resin showed better results (67%) compared to Z350XT (61%) with statistically significant differences (?<0.001). Therefore, the adhesive system could not affect the final color of direct esthetic restorations. On the other hand, IPS Empress Direct showed better results of DC and color stability after EEA
Mestrado
Dentística
Mestra em Clínica Odontológica
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Blair, Jeffrey A. "Luteinizing hormone in the central nervous system: a direct role in learning and memory." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1523397060445531.
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Zhang, Qi. "Three Essays on Demographic Changes and International Trade." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31936.
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Chapter 1: A Population Aging Analysis for Canada Using the National Transfer Accounts Approach: This analysis develops a new data set for Canada using an accounting methodology called National Transfer Accounts (NTA). NTA permits building an accounting system that introduces age into national accounts. NTA is consistent with the conventional national accounts and allows the estimation of lifecycle patterns for labour income and consumption from private and public sources. It also allows the calculation of per capita and aggregate lifecycle deficits (LCD) or surpluses (LCS) in an economy. In this chapter we calculate Canada’s per capita and aggregate LCD for 2006. Using demographic projections for the next five decades, we present the aggregate LCD in Canada for the period 2006 to 2056 assuming a constant per capital LCD during this time horizon. The projection results show that labour income needs to increase rapidly or consumption needs to be cut significantly to compensate for the pressure on the aggregate lifecycle deficit as a result of population aging.
Chapter 2: An Overlapping Generations Computable General Equilibrium (OLG-CGE) Model with Age-dependent Rates of Time Preference: This analysis develops a methodology to introduce an age-dependent rate of time preference to calibrate an OLG-CGE model with per capita age profile consumption path derived from the NTA framework of Chapter 1. The results show that the economic impact from an aging population will be significant. The living standard will decline by 15% from the present to 2050 and decline by 20% by the year 2105. To reduce such a decline, the Canadian government may introduce policies that could encourage labour force participation. We analyze the impact of: a) an increase in the general labour force participation rate for age 20 to 64; b) an increase in the labour force participation rate for workers aged 50 to 64; c) late retirement. Our results suggest that maintaining the current standard of living will be extremely difficult after 2026. Nevertheless, this would help reduce the economic pressure from population aging.
Chapter 3: 9/11 Security Measures and North American Security Perimeter: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis: The objective of this analysis is to assess the impact of the North American Security Perimeter (NASP) on both the Canadian and the U.S. economies. The NASP is a change in Canada-U.S. security paradigm that would allow the liberalization of the post 9/11 security measures at the Canada-U.S. border. This study applies a multi-sector and multi-region general equilibrium model together with econometric analysis. After simulating the NASP, Canada’s capital market was found to become more attractive. Under the NASP, the welfare of Canada is estimated to increase by $19 billion or 1.8% of GDP, and that of the U.S. is estimated to increase by $32 billion or 0.3% of GDP.
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Kovaltchouk, Thibaut. "Contributions à la co-optimisation contrôle-dimensionnement sur cycle de vie sous contrainte réseau des houlogénérateurs directs." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0033/document.
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Les Energies Marines Renouvelables (EMR) se développent aujourd’hui très vite tant au niveau de la recherche amont que de la R&D, et même des premiers démonstrateurs à la mer. Parmi ces EMR, l'énergie des vagues présente un potentiel particulièrement intéressant. Avec une ressource annuelle brute moyenne estimée à 40 kW/m au large de la côte atlantique, le littoral français est plutôt bien exposé. Mais l’exploitation à grande échelle de cette énergie renouvelable ne sera réalisable et pertinente qu'à condition d'une bonne intégration au réseau électrique (qualité) ainsi que d'une gestion et d'un dimensionnement optimisé au sens du coût sur cycle de vie. Une première solution de génération tout électrique pour un houlogénérateur a d’abord été évaluée dans le cadre de la thèse de Marie RUELLAN menée sur le site de Bretagne du laboratoire SATIE (ENS de Cachan). Ces travaux ont mis en évidence le potentiel de viabilité économique de cette chaîne de conversion et ont permis de poser la question du dimensionnement de l’ensemble convertisseur-machine et de soulever les problèmes associés à la qualité de l’énergie produite. Puis une seconde thèse a été menée par Judicaël AUBRY dans la même équipe de recherche. Elle a consisté, entre autres, en l’étude d’une première solution de traitement des fluctuations de la puissance basée sur un système de stockage par supercondensateurs. Une méthodologie de dimensionnement de l’ensemble convertisseur-machine et de gestion de l’énergie stockée fut également élaborée, mais en découplant le dimensionnement et la gestion de la production d’énergie et de ceux de son système de stockage. Le doctorant devra donc : 1. S’approprier les travaux antérieurs réalisés dans le domaine de la récupération de l’énergie des vagues ainsi que les modèles hydrodynamiques et mécaniques réalisés par notre partenaire : le LHEEA de l’Ecole Centrale de Nantes - 2. Résoudre le problème du couplage entre dimensionnement/gestion de la chaîne de conversion et dimensionnement/gestion du système de stockage. 3. Participer à la réalisation d’un banc test à échelle réduite de la chaine électrique et valider expérimentalement les modèles énergétiques du stockage et des convertisseurs statiques associés - 4. Proposer une méthodologie de dimensionnement de la chaine électrique intégrant le stockage et les lois de contrôle préalablement élaborées 5. Déterminer les gains en termes de capacités de stockage obtenus grâce à la mutualisation de la production (parc de machines) et évaluer l’intérêt d’un stockage centralisé - 6. Analyser l’impact sur le réseau d’une production houlogénérée selon divers scenarii, modèles et outils développés par tous les partenaires dans le cadre du projet QUALIPHE. L’exemple traité sera celui de l’Ile d’Yeu (en collaboration avec le SyDEVThe work of this PhD thesis deals with the minimization of the per-kWh cost of direct-drive wave energy converter, crucial to the economic feasibility of this technology. Despite the simplicity of such a chain (that should provide a better reliability compared to indirect chain), the conversion principle uses an oscillating system (a heaving buoy for example) that induces significant power fluctuations on the production. Without precautions, such fluctuations can lead to: a low global efficiency, an accelerated aging of the fragile electrical components and a failure to respect power quality constraints. To solve these issues, we firstly study the optimization of the direct drive wave energy converter control in order to increase the global energy efficiency (from wave to grid), considering conversion losses and the limit s from the sizing of an electrical chain (maximum force and power). The results point out the effect of the prediction horizon or the mechanical energy into the objective function. Production profiles allow the study of the flicker constraint (due to grid voltage fluctuations) linked notably to the grid characteristics at the connection point. Other models have also been developed to quantify the aging of the most fragile and highly stressed components, namely the energy storage system used for power smoothing (with super capacitors or electrochemical batteries Li-ion) and power semiconductors.Finally, these aging models are used to optimize key design parameters using life-cycle analysis. Moreover, the sizing of the storage system is co-optimized with the smoothing management
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Tognan, Malik. "Etude de dégradations des performances de Piles à Combustible PEM BT alimentées en H2/O2 lors de campagnes d'endurance : du suivi de l'état de santé en opération à la modélisation du vieillissement." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0047/document.
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Les travaux développés dans cette thèse traitent de la thématique du vieillissement des Piles à Combustible (PàC) à Membranes Echangeuses de Protons Basse Température (PEM BT). L’utilisation d’une PàC dans un contexte stationnaire à l’intérieur d’une batterie H2 (tandem PàC/Electrolyseur avec un étage de stockage H2 voire O2) est envisagée dans le cadre du déploiement d’un micro-réseau insulaire basé sur des sources d’énergie renouvelables (éolien et photovoltaïque). Deux aspects connexes associés à l’utilisation de la PàC et à son vieillissement dans cet environnement sont investigués dans ce travail de thèse : d’une part la manière dont les performances de la PàC et son rendement vont se dégrader au cours du temps et d’autre part les méthodes et outils qui vont être utilisés pour évaluer son état de santé durant sa période d’activité. La première de ces deux thématiques est abordée via l’étude d’une base de données d’essais en endurance à courant constant effectués sur des prototypes de stack PEM BT fonctionnant en H2/O2. L’hétérogénéité du vieillissement pour les différents stacks testés est mise en avant, de même que le découplage entre les pertes d’étanchéité interne et les dégradations des performances en tension au courant nominal durant les différentes campagnes. Une méthodologie proposant une dissociation des dynamiques réversibles et irréversibles de décroissance de la tension de la PàC au cours du temps est ensuite exposée et sert de base à la construction d’un modèle de dégradation de la tension sur un fonctionnement à courant fixe. Le modèle montre des résultats encourageants et une perspective liée à son utilisation dans le cadre du pronostic est suggérée. La question de la sensibilité du vieillissement aux variations dynamiques de la charge est ensuite abordée de manière complémentaire à ces essais d’endurance (effectués à charge constante) via une campagne de vieillissement effectuée sur des monocellules hybridées ou non directement par des supercondensateurs et cyclant sur un profil de courant dynamique. Une comparaison des évolutions des performances des monocellules au cours du temps dans les deux cas (hybridé et non-hybridé) est effectuée et met en avant l’effet du cyclage dynamique sur la dégradation des performances des PàC. La deuxième thématique touchant les méthodes et outils dédiés à l’évaluation de l’état de santé de la PàC durant son fonctionnement est introduite dans la suite de ces travaux en se penchant notamment sur une des causes majeures de la fin de vie des PàC : l’accroissement du crossover d’H2 vers l’O2 lié à la perte d’étanchéité interne de la membrane. Des mesures de tension à vide (OCV) effectuées lors de phases d’arrêt/démarrage sont scrutées a posteriori pour une des campagnes de la base de données d’essais en endurance. L’objectif est de rechercher des éventuelles corrélations entre l’accroissement des fuites internes et l’évolution de ces mesures au cours du temps afin de développer des potentiels indicateurs des fuites internes. Une séquence opératoire de mise en gaz mettant en avant un lien entre le niveau de crossover d’H2 et la vitesse d’effondrement de l’OCV pour certaines cellules du stack est identifiée et reproduite à l’occasion d’une campagne complémentaire d’essais. Une dernière partie du manuscrit est finalement consacrée à une approche théorique prospective dédiée à l’intégration d’un phénomène parasite, l’oxydation du Pt, dans la modélisation des performances statiques et dynamiques d’une PàC. Les retombées attendues portent sur l’amélioration de l’interprétation des caractérisations menées régulièrement (EIS, OCV, balayages sinus de forte amplitude aux très basses fréquences…), permettant le suivi du vieillissementThis thesis work deals with the thematic of the Low Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM LT) Fuel Cell (FC) aging. The use of a FC inside a H2 battery (association of a FC, an electrolyzer and H2 / O2 tanks) in a stationary context is considered in an island micro-grid based on renewable energies (wind and solar power). Two axes linked with the FC use and aging in this context are investigated in this work: one of the axes is centered in the study of the FC performance decrease dynamics over time and the other on the development of methods and tools dedicated to the state of health monitoring during the FC operation. The first thematic is introduced through the exploitation of several aging campaigns performed on PEM FC stack prototypes under constant current solicitations. The stacks considered are fed with pure O2 on the cathode side. A focus is made on the aging heterogeneity inside the stacks and a decoupling between the nominal voltage degradation dynamics and the development of the H2 internal leak with time is highlighted for the different stacks and campaigns. A generic methodology dissociating the reversible and the irreversible voltage losses dynamics is proposed and is further used as a basis to model the nominal voltage degradation with time. The model built in this way is showing encouraging results and its potential use for prognostic purpose is suggested. Whereas these investigations focus on the FC performance degradations under constant current solicitation, the impact of load current dynamic variations on the FC aging is also treated with an experimental study performed on single cells. An ageing campaign under a dynamic load profile is performed on several single cells directly hybridized or not by supercapacitors. The hybridized cells are cycling on an almost-constant current profile whereas the non-hybridized cells are cycling on a dynamic one. A comparison of the performances evolution with time in both cases (hybridized and nothybridized) is done and highlights the effect of the dynamic cycling on the FC performance degradation. The second thematic dealing with the FC state of health evaluation is introduced with one of the main causes of the FC end-of-life: the development of the H2 internal leak between the anode and cathode compartments. Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) measurements performed during start-up and shut-down routines phases are scanned a posteriori in one of the aging campaign of the database. The objective is to seek some potential correlations between those OCV measurements and the H2 internal leak increase over time in order to develop internal leak indicators. A gases introduction operating sequence highlighting a link between the internal leak level and the OCV drift for some stack’s cells is identified during some start-up phases and reproduced during a complementary campaign. A last part of the manuscript is finally dedicated to the integration of a parasitic mechanism (the Pt oxidation) into the FC theoretical quasi-static and dynamic performance modeling. The model integrating this phenomenon is showing some abilities to explain and analyze several experimental features observed on classical performance characterization measurements (EIS, OCV measurements, large amplitude sinus sweep at very low frequency…), opening some perspectives for the FC state of health monitoring
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ESTRELA, CAMILA RODRIGUES. "UNIVERSITY EXTENSION PROGRAMS DIRECTED TOWARDS THE THIRD AGE: THE PHENOMENON OF AGING SEEN IN THE PRIVATE LOGIC." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21028@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
A pesquisa focou atenção nos fundamentos dos programas de extensão universitária desenvolvidos por quatro universidades privadas do município do Rio de Janeiro para o segmento envelhecido. Apoiou-se na compreensão do processo de socialização da gestão do processo de envelhecimento, abordando-o enquanto um fenômeno social determinado pela dinâmica dos modos de produção, e por isso, atravessado pelas particularidades das classes sociais. O estudo concentrou-se nos fundamentos desses programas tendo em vista o processo de mercantilização da universidade acentuado com a Reforma da Educação Superior, vivenciado mais intensamente a partir da década de 1990, a extensão universitária sofreu alterações em sua dinâmica de atividade educacional num sentido de empobrecimento e de sucateamento da mesma. A pesquisa de cunho qualitativo analisou as falas dos coordenadores dos programas investigados, mostrando como os mesmos têm abordado o envelhecimento enquanto um processo homogêneo de formação e por isso, com pouca contribuição para a mudança das condições de reprodução social sobre as quais o mesmo se dá. Da mesma forma, considerou também o papel da extensão universitária, possibilitando perceber que esta instância embora esteja articulada com o ensino e a pesquisa desenvolvidos nas universidades pesquisadas, ele está marcado predominantemente pela lógica da prestação de serviços, através da manutenção do discurso da vivência de uma terceira idade ativa e saudável, oferecendo cursos e atividades que legitimam o desenvolvimento da responsabilidade individual pelo processo de envelhecimento.
The research focused attention on the fundamentals of university extension programs developed by four private universities in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro for the segment aged. He leaned in understanding the socialization process of the management of the aging process, approaching it as a social phenomenon determined by the dynamics of modes of production, and therefore crossed the particularities of social classes. The study focused on the fundamentals of these programs to the process of commercializing university accented with the Higher Education Reform, experienced more intensely from the 1990s, the university extension unchanged from its educational activity in a dynamic sense impoverishment and scrapping it. The qualitative research analyzed the speeches of the coordinators of the programs investigated, showing how they have addressed the aging process as a homogeneous formation and therefore with little contribution to the changing conditions of social reproduction on which the same is true . Likewise, also considered the role of university extension, enabling realize that although this instance linked with teaching and research developed at universities surveyed, it is marked predominantly by the logic of service, by maintaining the experience of a speech Seniors active and healthy by offering courses and activities that legitimize the development of individual responsibility by the aging process.
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Qin, Jing. "The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on balance control in Parkinson's disease (PD)." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/211438/1/Jing_Qi_Thesis.pdf.
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Spokes, Tara. "Ageing and Cognitive Inhibition: An ERP analysis." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365459.
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Impaired cognitive inhibition is one of a number of changes in cognitive functioning that are associated with healthy ageing. Cognitive inhibition is the ability to suppress or withhold some cognitive process and includes the ability to block out distracting information. Successful cognitive inhibition underlies improved performance on a range of executive functions including problem solving, long-term planning and goal-directed behaviour (Darowski, Helder, Zacks, Hasher, & Hambrick, 2008). One theory posits that age-related deficits in cognitive inhibition may underlie general cognitive decline associated with older adults (Hasher & Zacks, 1988; Hasher, Zacks, & Rahhal, 1999). Previous behavioural studies have found that automatic, or unintentional cognitive inhibition is preserved with age while controlled, intentional cognitive inhibition is impaired in older adults (Collette, Germain, Hogge, & Van der Linden, 2009). In contrast, a number of neuroimaging studies suggest that older adults show less differentiation than young adults in neural processing of automatic and controlled tasks. In particular, it has been suggested that automatic tasks are processed more like controlled tasks, suggesting increased cognitive effort required to complete them (Germain & Collette, 2008).Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Applied Psychology
Griffith Health
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Cooper, Jamie Johnson. "The Self-directed Learning Actions of Women Regarding the Menopause Transition." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6484.
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Research indicates that increased knowledge about the menopause transition positively impacts a woman’s attitude about this stage in her life, and a more positive attitude leads to less distress during the transition. However, there has been no research regarding how women gain this knowledge about menopause, what factors in her environment may hinder or assist her, or how women’s knowledge of menopause is leveraged by health care providers to help facilitate her menopause transition.
The purpose of this research was to explore the self-directed learning actions of women regarding their search for information about menopause, and to understand what factors, if any, may have helped or hindered her search.
A convenience sample of women 35-55 years of age was invited to participate in an online survey; a total of 227 usable responses were collected. Answers were analyzed by utilizing a simple frequency distribution to illustrate more and less common responses. Chi-square tests of independence were used to examine bivariate relationships, and content analysis was used to examine free response answers.
The results of this study indicated that most women did not seek information about menopause on their own. Women who sought information were primarily motivated by symptoms: what to expect, symptom relief, or validation that their experiences were normal. This study also indicated that the most utilized resource for finding information was the Internet. It also found that women need more information from the health care community than they were receiving.
Findings from this study suggest a need to continue to connect adult education with health promotion. Additionally, women had a need for greater interpersonal support and beneficial interactions with the health care community. Finally, this study demonstrated that women may benefit from the normalization of menopause as a social construct. Perhaps this could best be achieved through education within larger conversations about human reproduction and about natural aging.
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Baker, Nicole. "Muscle Stem Cell Fate is Directed by the Mitochondrial Fusion Protein OPA1." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41974.
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During aging there is a decline in (MuSCs) and muscle regeneration, though the underlying reason is unknown. Interestingly, mitochondrial fragmentation is a common feature in aging, however, how this impacts MuSC function and maintenance has not been investigated. To address the effect of mitochondrial fragmentation in MuSCs, we generated a knockout mouse model using the Pax7CreERT2 inducible system to target deletion of the mitochondrial fusion protein Opa1 specifically within MuSCs (Opa1-KO). Analysis of MuSC function following muscle injury revealed a defect in the regenerative potential of Opa1-KO MuSCs. Moreover, following injury there was a substantial decrease in the number of MuSC in Opa1-KO animals with a concomitant increase in the number of committing cells, illustrating that loss of Opa1 drives MuSC towards commitment at the expense of self-renewal. Furthermore, loss of Opa1 in MuSCs alters the quiescence state, priming MuSCs for activation, as indicated by a reduction in quiescence-related genes, increased EdU incorporation, and enhanced cell cycle kinetics. To address the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on muscle stem cell capacity, we generated a model of chronic Opa1 loss. Analysis of muscle stem cell function 3 months after Opa1 ablation revealed mitochondrial dysfunction and a defect in proliferation upon activation, leading to failed muscle regeneration. These data are the first to demonstrate a novel role for mitochondrial structure in the regulation of MuSC maintenance and regenerative capacity.
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Peraro, Ana Joice da Silva. "A Participação social nos espaços democráticos de direito da pessoa idosa /." Franca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/182470.
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Orientador: Josiani Julião Alves de OliveiraResumo: A presente pesquisa trata de uma temática muito cara e pertinente sobre o desenvolvimento humano, o envelhecimento da população. O objetivo do estudo é conhecer os espaços democráticos de direitos da Pessoa Idosa (conferências nacionais, conselhos de direito e audiências públicas), como mecanismos de participação para a efetivação de direitos em relação à proteção social por meio das políticas públicas, com base nas legislações brasileiras a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988. Os objetivos específicos foram delineados na reflexão sobre os aspectos históricos no processo de envelhecimento na sociedade brasileira capitalista na perspectiva de totalidade e na proteção social e sua trajetória dos direitos sociais da Pessoa Idosa. O método norteador utilizado foi o materialismo histórico dialético, onde, as reflexões por sua vez, são dotadas de contraditoriedade e movimento. A investigação caracteriza-se como pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, seguida da discussão e análise dos dados apreendidos, na perspectiva de uma análise crítica da realidade pesquisada, pois, embora os dados do estudo apontem que tivemos avanços nas políticas de atenção a Pessoa Idosa, a participação social nos espaços democráticos de direitos como forma de diálogo entre o poder público e a população, ainda encontra barreiras e desafios. Acreditamos na possibilidade de que, a partir da participação social, a sociedade passará a acessar seus direitos, participando desde a elaboração das políticas pública... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The present research is a very expensive theme and relevant about human development, the aging of the population. The objective of study is the democratic spaces of elder rights (national conferences, councils and public hearings) as effective mechanisms of rights in relation to social protection through public policies, based on the Brazilian legislation from the Federal Constitution of 1988 and the challenges to the implementation of democratic spaces delimited rights in this research. The specific objectives were outlined in the reflection on the historical aspects in the process of aging in brazilian society in the perspective of capitalist totality and on social protection and social rights trajectory of your elderly person. The guiding method used was the historical materialism dialectic, where, the reflections for your time, have inconsistency and movement. The investigation characterized as bibliographical research and documentary, followed by discussion and analysis of the data seized from the perspective of a critical analysis of the researched reality, because, although we had policies advances attention to elderly person, the social participation in democratic spaces of rights as a form of dialogue between public authorities and the population, still finds barriers and challenges. We believe in the possibility that from the social participation, society will access the do administrative, participating since the preparation of public policies directed to the intere... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Insel, Nathan. "Physiology of the medial frontal cortex during decision-making in adult and senescent rats." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/196140.
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Convergent evidence suggests that the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) makes an important contribution to goal-directed action selection. The dmPFC is also part of a network of brain regions that becomes compromised in old age. It was hypothesized that during decision-making, some process of comparison takes place in the dmPFC between the representation of available actions and associated values, and that this process is changed with aging. These hypotheses were tested in aged and young adult rats performing a novel 3-choice, 2-cue decision task. Neuron and local field potential activity revealed that the dmPFC experienced different states during decision and outcome phases of the task, with increased local inhibition and oscillatory (gamma and theta) activity during cue presentation, and increased excitatory neuron activity (among regular firing neurons) at goal zones. Although excitatory and inhibitory activity appeared anti-correlated over phases of the decision task, cross-correlations and the prominent gamma oscillation revealed that excitation and inhibition were highly correlated on the millisecond scale. This "micro-scale" coupling between excitation and inhibition was altered in aged rats and the observed changes were correlated with changes in decision and movement speeds of the aged animals, suggesting a putative mechanism for age-related behavioral slowing. With respect to decision-making, both aged and young adult rats learned over multiple days to follow the rewarded cue in the 3-choice, 2-cue task. Support for the hypothesis that the dmPFC simultaneously represents alternative actions was not found; however, neuron activity selective for particular goal zones was observed. Interestingly, goal-selective neural activity during the decision period was more likely to take place on error trials, particularly on high-performing sessions and when rats exhibited a preference for a particular feeder. A possible interpretation of these patterns is that goal representations in the dmPFC might have sometimes overruled learned habits, which are likely to be involved in following the correct cue and which are known to be supported by other brain regions. These results describe fundamental properties of network dynamics and neural coding in the dmPFC, and have important implications for the neural basis of processing speed and goal-directed action.
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Yahyaoui, Hanen. "Matériaux isolants pour appareillages haute tension dans le domaine du courant continu : comportement et vieillissement." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS267.
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Les projets de mise en place dans les prochaines décennies de « super réseaux intelligents », qui prévoient la construction de centrales de production à des milliers de kms des centres de consommation, nécessite le développement à large échelle du transport de très fortes puissances par câbles à courant continu. Les principaux verrous à ce développement se situent au niveau du câble et des appareillages adéquats, qui doivent être conçus sur des critères spécifiques et comporter des matériaux isolants ayant des propriétés particulières. Outre la variation de la résistivité qui dépend fortement du champ électrique et de la température, il est établi que des charges sont injectées dans la matière isolante, donnant lieu à une charge d'espace modifiant la répartition du champ électrique. Dans le cas d'un renforcement du champ électrique, la présence de charges d'espace peut conduire à une accélération du vieillissement électrique et, par suite, à un phénomène auto-accélérant pour la rupture diélectrique. Le comportement de ces matériaux sous fortes contraintes continues et en particulier leur vieillissement reste aujourd'hui mal connu.Ce travail de thèse concerne ainsi l'étude du comportement diélectrique de résines époxydes chargées d'alumine utilisées comme supports isolants dans les disjoncteurs à isolation gazeuse en vue d'évaluer leur aptitude à être utilisées dans des appareillages de coupure haute tension continue. Les différentes propriétés diélectriques de ce matériau à l'état initial (facteur de pertes, résistivité volumique, seuils et coefficients de non linéarité, résistivité surfacique, rigidité diélectrique, évolution des charges d'espace) sont déterminées et étudiées sous contrainte électrique continue et à différentes températures.Afin de mieux évaluer l'effet à long terme de la charge d'espace sur le matériau et d'en tirer des informations approfondies pour la conception des futurs composants pour la haute tension à courant continu, une étude de vieillissement accéléré sous contraintes électriques (champs continus) et thermiques (différentes températures) est réalisée. En plus de la charge d'espace, les autres paramètres analysés (permittivité, pertes diélectriques) constituent également des marqueurs potentiels du vieillissement du matériau. L'analyse de l'évolution de ces marqueurs constitue une phase nécessaire dans la compréhension du comportement du matériau pour une utilisation en haute tension à courant continuThe development of high voltage dc equipment requires design according to specific criteria and including materials with appropriate properties. Indeed, while in ac the dielectric behaviour is mainly determined by permittivity, which varies little for the used materials with field and temperature at power frequency, the dc behavior is determined by highly non-linear volume and surface conductivity-related phenomena. Thus, it is well known that, in dc conditions, electric charge is injected and trapped in the bulk and on the surface, affecting the distribution of the electric field. Space charge accumulation is able to increase significantly the values of the field, thus accelerating ageing and increasing the risk of breakdown. The electrode nature, the field and temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of the insulating material are key factors involved in the high dc field phenomena.Epoxy resins form an important category of polymeric insulating materials used in a wide range of electric power installations and equipment. In particular, they have been used especially as insulating supports for ac Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS), because of their electrical and mechanical properties. However, the behaviour of these materials under high dc stress is less known and needs thorough investigation in view of dc applications.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate dielectric behavior of epoxy resins in order to assess their suitability for use in high DC voltage switchgear and define actions and criteria support for the design of such devices.We start by presenting the most important chemical thermal and dielectric properties of polymers as well as the various properties of the epoxy resin.Dielectric properties of the material at initial state with continuous temperature and electrical stress (loss factor, volume resistivity, thresholds and nonlinearity coefficients, surface resistivity, breakdown, evolution of space charge) are determined and investigated under dc fields at different temperatures
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Amorós, Reboredo Patrícia. "Tractament de l'hepatitis C crònica amb agents antivirals directes en pacients majors de 65 anys." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671482.
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ANTECEDENTS DEL TEMA
En els últims anys els agents antivirals directes aprovats pel tractament de l’hepatitis C han permès l’accés al tractament a grups de pacients que anteriorment no es tractaven pel risc que comportava l’ús d’esquemes amb interferó, incloent als pacients d’edat avançada. Es desconeix si l’alta prevalença de comorbiditats i la polimedicació dels pacients d’edat avançada poden estar associades a més esdeveniments adversos i a una disminució en l’eficàcia del tractament, ja que els pacients majors de 65 anys no es veuen representats en els assaigs clínics. És conegut que els pacients d’edat avançada acostumen a tenir un risc superior de reaccions adverses a medicaments, entre elles les que presenten efectes anticolinèrgics. Per aquest motiu diversos anticolinèrgics s’han llistat com a medicaments potencialment inadequats en pacients geriàtrics i actualment existeixen diverses escales per mesurar la càrrega anticolinèrgica que mostren diferències en els medicaments que inclouen, la puntuació i la potència anticolinèrgica que atribueixen a cada medicament.
HIPÒTESI DE TREBALL
Reconèixer la influència de les comorbiditats i la tolerància als possibles esdeveniments adversos dels nous tractaments amb antivirals d’acció directa pot ajudar en l’optimització del tractament de l’hepatitis C en aquests pacients.
Els pacients geriàtrics que inicien tractament per l’hepatitis C poden estar rebent altres medicaments amb efectes anticolinèrgics que poden influir en la seguretat del tractament. Un enfocament multidisciplinar amb la presència d’un farmacèutic clínic a l’equip pot ajudar a millorar l’atenció als pacients geriàtrics que inicien tractament per l’hepatitis C.
OBJECTIUS
Avaluar l’impacte de les comorbiditats i les interaccions farmacològiques en l’eficàcia i la tolerabilitat dels antivirals d’acció directa pel tractament de l’hepatitis C crònica en la població geriàtrica.
Determinar la prevalença de càrrega anticolinèrgica, relacionada amb medicació crònica, en pacients d’edat avançada tractats amb antivirals d’acció directa, i els factors de risc associats, així com analitzar les conseqüències en la seguretat dels tractaments.
METODOLOGIA
Estudi retrospectiu observacional en un hospital universitari de tercer nivell. Mitjançant el programa informàtic utilitzat per a la prescripció i preparació de medicaments es van identificar tots els pacients que havien estat tractats amb antivirals de acció directa associats o no a ribavirina, al centre, des d’abril de 2015 a març del 2016. Es van recollir variables clíniques i demogràfiques, incloent la presència de comorbiditats. També els factors virològics i clínics relacionats amb la infecció pel virus de l’hepatitis C. Les comorbiditats es van analitzar segons els valors de Clinical Risk Group, que classifiquen als pacients segons la presència de malalties cròniques. Es van recollir variables farmacològiques, com el nombre de medicaments concomitants, el tipus de medicament, i es va classificar als pacients segons el grau d’exposició a polifarmàcia (entesa com la presa de cinc o més medicaments), així com es va considerar el risc d’interaccions farmacològiques. La presència de càrrega anticolinèrgica es va valorar amb tres escales validades diferents: l’Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale (ACB), l’Anticholinergic Risk Scale (ARS) i l’Anticholinergic Drug Scale (ADS). L’eficàcia dels tractaments es va avaluar segons la resposta viral sostinguda la setmana 12 després de finalitzar el tractament, classificant els pacients en tres grups d’edat (65 a 74, 75 a 79 i ≥80 anys). L’anàlisi en seguretat va incloure dades especificades a la història clínica i les notificacions d’esdeveniments adversos registrades a la mateixa. Els resultats en seguretat es van analitzar d’acord amb la presència o no de medicaments anticolinèrgics, cirrosi, alta comorbiditat i interaccions farmacològiques.
RESULTATS
Es van identificar 261 pacients, amb una edat promig de 71 anys, sent el 61% dones. La prevalença de cirrosi era alta (74%) i el genotip 1b el predominant (n=232; 89%). Un elevat nombre de pacients (n=126; 48%) havia fracassat a un tractament anterior amb interferó i 22 pacients (8%) havien rebut un trasplantament de fetge prèviament. El 90% dels pacients prenien medicació concomitant. La resposta viral sostinguda global va ser del 96.9%, sense diferències entre les cohorts d’edat. Tampoc es van observar diferències en eficàcia tenint en compte la presència de cirrosi o haver rebut un tractament previ. El 86% dels pacients va presentar algun esdeveniment advers, majoritàriament fatiga i símptomes gastrointestinals o dèrmics. Tots els pacients que van presentar algun esdeveniment advers greu (6.5%) tenien una alta comorbiditat associada. Entre els pacients que prenien almenys un medicament crònic (90%), es va observar una elevada presència de polifarmàcia, amb un 47% d’aquests prenent cinc o més fàrmacs concomitants. Els fàrmacs més observats com a medicació crònica van ser els diürètics i els psicolèptics. Un elevat nombre de pacients presentava risc d’interaccions farmacològiques tot i que aquestes no es van relacionar amb pitjors resultats terapèutics. Pel que fa a la prevalença de càrrega anticolinèrgica, els resultats van ser diferents segons l’escala de mesura utilitzada essent similars les escales ACB i ADS (35.2% i 34.3%) i lleugerament superiors respecte a l’escala ARS (10.6%). Per a totes les escales es va fer palesa la relació entre comorbiditat i presència de medicació amb càrrega anticolinèrgica, posant de manifest que els pacients amb més comorbiditat presenten més risc de rebre tractaments amb efectes anticolinèrgics. En la present tesi les tres escales valorades han mostrat resultats diferents i només l’escala Anticholinergic Risk Scale (ARS) ha mostrat relació significativa entre càrrega anticolinèrgica i esdeveniments adversos.
CONCLUSIONS
Els antivirals d’acció directa són efectius i ben tolerats en pacients majors de 65 anys. Els pacients geriàtrics que inicien tractament per l’hepatitis C són pacients complexes i amb múltiples comorbiditats que reben altres medicaments, alguns dels quals amb efectes anticolinèrgics, que poden influir en la seguretat del tractament. L’eficàcia dels tractaments no s’ha vist influenciada per l’edat, ni per la presència o absència de cirrosi, així com tampoc per haver rebut anteriorment tractament antiviral. El nombre d’esdeveniments adversos greus augmenta amb la comorbiditat i el nombre de medicaments concomitants associats. No es poden extreure conclusions pel que fa a quina mesura de càrrega anticolinèrgica representa el millor valor pronòstic. Per tal d’oferir un tractament antiviral òptim, la coordinació entre els hepatòlegs i els farmacèutics clínics recolzats en un equip multidisciplinari és necessària.
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Cinat, Cristiane. "Entre o tempo e o direito: a história de Olga Leon Quiroga." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12600.
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-03Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Through a history of singular life, this dissertation explores some of the dimensions that, present in a singular citizen, in the truth, is refer the life of whole mens. Aging, social participation, public politics and social movements are the boarded subjects, although not run out. The peculiarity of the life s history of collected inhabits in the fact of the person in such a way to articulate its in itself , as the other (collective). As it could be seen, in the person are observed, clearly, motivations and disposals that exceed the individual scope; that involve the collective. For our person, it only has life will have to be committed politician and social; if it will be moved by causes ample, challenging and directed the questions related to the basic human rights and the quality of life. Now aged, she continues in the fight for the right to have a rights (cf. Arendt); fight to take on since the youngest years of her life. Her life is moved to the constant elaboration of projects, fact that confers, to the person, great vitality. At last, Olga to set a good exemple, in high and good sound , that the old age does not mean retirement of the life; however. This because dreams, fights, conquests and searchs for the better quality of life does t have age. What Olga to be witness is exactly this
Através de uma história de vida singular, essa dissertação explora algumas das dimensões que, presentes em um sujeito singular, referem-se, na verdade, à vida de todos os homens. Envelhecimento, participação social, politicas públicas e movimentos sociais são os temas abordados, apesar de não esgotados. A peculiaridade da história de vida coletada reside no fato de a personagem articular tanto o seu em si , como o outro (coletivo). Como poderá ser visto, na personagem observam-se, claramente, motivações e disposições que transcendem o âmbito individual; que envolvem a coletividade. Para nossa personagem, só há vida se houver comprometimento político e social; se for movida por causas mais amplas, desafiadoras e voltadas a questões relacionadas aos direitos humanos fundamentais e à qualidade de vida. Agora idosa, continua na luta pelo direito a ter direitos (cf. Arendt); luta abraçada desde os mais tenros anos de vida. Sua vida é movida à constante elaboração de projetos, fato que confere, à personagem, grande vitalidade. Enfim, Olga exemplifica,em alto e bom som, que a velhice não significa aposentadoria da vida; pelo contrario. Isso porque sonhos, lutas, conquistas e busca por qualidade de vida não têm idade. O que Olga testemunha é exatamente isso
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Imka, Megan Lorraine. "Gender, Men, and Nursing Home Activity Programming: Manicures or Baseball?" Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1308835835.
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VELOSO, Aparecida Fernanda Albuquerque Pinto. "A ATUAÇÃO DO PODER JUDICIÁRIO MARANHENSE NA APRECIAÇÃO DOS CASOS DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA E INTRAFAMILIAR CONTRA A MULHER IDOSA NA COMARCA DE SÃO LUÍS DO MARANHÃO." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1327.
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This work aims contributing to a comprehension of the paths walked by elderly women victim of domestic or familiar violence in São Luís, Maranhão, while in the struggle for judicial protection. First of all, it is highlighted how the process of life expectation happens through different patterns between the sexes, including the awakening of a phenomenon known as oldness feminization, bringing the need of analysis about the treatment offered to this woman in specific legislation. Thus, the main idea is built from the analysis of legal structures concerning tothe protection of the elderly inside the Federal Constitution, the National Policy of Elderly and in the Statute of Elderly, referring that, in general, they do not bring specific protection to the old women victim of domestic or familiar violence, what makes necessary the use of Lei Maria da Penha to protect their rights. One also carefully considers the conditions of women and old women in the search of overcoming the patriarchal culture, which prevents the accomplishment of rights, so that it becomes possible to achieve a reality with dignity and no violence against old women. Besides, it is sought to comprehend the jurisprudence from the Local State Court (Tribunal de Justiça do Maranhão) about the appreciation of cases about domestic and familiar violence against this woman, concerning to the qualification of these violences under the look of these categories. It is broached the jurisdiction and competency on the processes related to violence against old women, concerning to the application of Elderly Statute and/or Lei Maria da Penha. Thus, the field stablished for this research was the Local State Court (Tribunal de Justiça do Maranhão), the 8th Criminal Court - which answers for the Court of the Elderly -, the Special Court of Women, the First Special Criminal Court and the Public Prosecution’s Offices that deal with elderly, women and health. The analysis of processes related to elderly women in the period from 2011 to 2015, downloaded and in course on the 8th Criminal Court, the Special Court of Women and in the First Special Criminal Court was used as instrument for collecting data. Another aspect emphasized was the presentation of the actual standpoint of the Criminal Chambers from TJ-MA about the competency to process and judge situations involving domestic and familiar violence against these women. In terms of methodology, the evaluative research was chosen, and it was conducted through a quantitative and qualitative focus, through the critical-dialectical approach, enabling a reconstruction of the reality faced by this old woman victim of violence; and also, by the articulated use of different research procedures and collecting information, counting on semi-structured interviews with magistrates from specific local courts, from the Special Court and with members of Public Prosecution in charge of the respective offices.
Este trabalho pretende contribuir para a compreensão dos caminhos trilhados pela mulher idosa vítima de violência doméstica e ou intrafamiliar em São Luís, capital do Maranhão, quando em busca de proteção judicial. Inicialmente, destaca-se como o processo de expectativa de vida ocorre de forma diferenciada entre ambos os sexos, inclusive com o surgimento do fenômeno conhecido como a feminização da velhice, fazendo emergir a necessidade de analisar o tratamento dispensado a esta mulher nas legislações específicas. Para tanto, o pensamento é construído a partir da análise das estruturas normativas de proteção à pessoa idosa, contidos na Constituição Federal, na Política Nacional do Idoso e no Estatuto do Idoso, referenciando que, de forma geral, estas não trazem proteções específicas à mulher idosa vítima de violência doméstica ou intrafamiliar, fazendo-se necessário remeter à tutela de seus direitos à Lei Maria da Penha. Reflete-se ainda, acerca das condições de mulher e de idosa em procura da superação da cultura patriarcal e machista que impedem a concretização de direitos para que se possa efetivamente vislumbrar uma vida com dignidade e sem violência para a mulher idosa. Paralelamente a isso, busca-se a compreensão da jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Maranhão quanto à apreciação dos casos de violência doméstica ou intrafamiliar contra esta mulher, no que diz respeito ao enquadramento destas violências sob a ótica dessas categorias. Aborda-se a jurisdição e a competência, nos processos envolvendo violência contra a mulher idosa, com relação à aplicação do Estatuto do Idoso e/ ou a Lei Maria da Penha. Para isso, o campo estabelecido para a pesquisa foi o Tribunal de Justiça do Maranhão, a 8ª Vara Criminal, que responde pela Vara do Idoso, a Vara Especializada de Combate a Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra a Mulher, o Primeiro Juizado Especial Criminal da Capital, bem como, as Promotorias especializadas do Idoso e da Mulher. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados foi utilizado à análise dos processos baixados e em trâmite, envolvendo mulheres idosas, no período de 2011 a 2015, junto à 8ª Vara Criminal, à Vara Especializada da Mulher e da Violência Doméstica e junto ao primeiro Juizado Especial Criminal. Destacou-se também a apresentação do atual posicionamento das Câmaras Criminais do TJMA sobre a competência para processar e julgar feitos envolvendo violência doméstica e familiar contra estas mulheres. No plano metodológico, optou-se pela realização da pesquisa avaliativa, com enfoque quantitativo e qualitativo, através do método crítico-dialético, possibilitando a reconstrução da realidade vivenciada por esta mulher idosa vítima de violência, e também, pelo uso articulado de diferentes procedimentos de pesquisa e de coleta de informações, com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os magistrados das varas especializadas, do Juizado Especial e com os membros do Ministério Público responsáveis pelas promotorias do idoso e da mulher.
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Fernandes, Simone. "O processo de constituição e funcionamento de um Conselho Municipal dos Direitos do Idoso: o caso do município de Maringá-PR." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4371.
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O envelhecimento populacional é um processo que produz impacto nas relações sociais e nas políticas públicas. Os Conselhos de Direitos do Idoso surgem no cenário nacional como uma inovação institucional, para exercer controle democrático entre o Estado e a sociedade no tocante à pessoa idosa. Este trabalho propôs-se a olhar para o processo de constituição e funcionamento do Conselho Municipal dos Direitos do Idoso (CMDI) de Maringá, localizado no Estado do Paraná. Para tanto, realizamos entrevistas com conselheiros, que foram complementadas pela análise de documentos do CDMI de Maringá. O CDMI estudado não surgiu de um amplo movimento social em torno das questões do idoso. Ele decorreu de uma
ação de técnicos da Secretaria de Assistência Social, que buscaram ativamente a interface com entidades do movimento social. Por sua vez, o Conselho parece se constituir como um campo de práticas, no qual tanto representantes do movimento
social como representantes do governo vão constituindo significados para o que é ser conselheiro. Assim, convivem distintas acepções. De um lado, técnicos das diversas secretarias oscilam entre a ideia de que devem defender as posições de suas secretarias e da gestão municipal, e a de que, ao se tornarem conselheiros, devem se pautar pela defesa dos direitos do idoso. De outro, participantes que vão, em sua trajetória como conselheiros, descobrindo os potenciais da participação nas discussões de projetos e propostas relativos ao idoso. A pesquisa permitiu apreender, ainda, algumas tensões que atravessam o Conselho, como entre o ainda hoje indispensável apoio técnico-administrativo e político da Secretaria de Assistência Social e o sonho de uma maior autonomia frente ao Executivo, ou como a tensão entre um modo de ver a política do idoso como uma questão da assistência social ou como uma questão do direito. Por fim, a pesquisa nos permite reconhecer um grande potencial nessa dinâmica do Conselho, ressaltando-se entretanto, que tal
trajetória deve muito ao decisivo apoio da gestão municipal.Population aging is a process that has an impact on social relations and public policy. The Boards of Rights of the Elderly appear on the national scene as an institutional innovation, to exercise democratic control between State and society regarding the elderly. This study seeks to look at the process of formation and operation of the Municipal Board of the Rights of the Elderly (CMDI), in Maringá, State of Paraná, Brazil. To this end, we conducted interviews with advisers, which were complemented by the analysis of documents of the CDMI of Maringá. This CDMI did not result from a broad social movement around elderly issue. It arose from technicians of the Social Services Department who actively sought the interface with social movement organizations. In turn, the Board seems to be an important field of practice, in which both representatives of social movements and government will constitute meanings for what is to counsel. Thus, there are separate meanings. On one hand, technical experts from various departments range from the idea that they must defend the positions of their departments and the municipal administration, and that by becoming members, should be guided by the rights of the elderly. On the other, participants who, as advisors, discover the potential of participation in discussions of projects and proposals for the elderly. The research also allowed to seize some tensions within the Board, between the still indispensable technical and administrative support and policy of the Secretariat of Social Assistance and the dream of greater autonomy in relation to the Executive, or as the tension between a view of policy for the elderly as a matter of welfare or as a matter of right. Finally, the research allows us to recognize a great potential in this dynamic of the Board, stressing however, that this trend owes much to the decisive support of the municipal management.
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Trettel, Daniela Batalha. "Planos de saúde e envelhecimento populacional: um modelo viável?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2140/tde-08042016-161731/.
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O presente trabalho versa sobre a relação presente e futura dos planos de saúde com os idosos. Tem como pressupostos iniciais a existência de uma janela demográfica de oportunidades que será encerrada, conforme estimativa do IBGE, em 2020 e o fato de o modelo de atenção à saúde por planos de saúde se encontrar em expansão. Diante da realidade de envelhecimento populacional, pergunta-se: Os planos de saúde são um modelo viável para a garantia da atenção à saúde dos idosos? As respostas a essa questão foram construídas adotando-se como método de trabalho a análise de doutrina, jurisprudência, legislação e, quando necessário, fontes não tradicionais do Direito como os dados de órgãos de pesquisa demográficos e econômicos, a imprensa e as associações setoriais. Inicialmente tratou-se do funcionamento do setor de planos de saúde, desde a sua origem, indicando-se que historicamente sempre manteve uma relação simbiótica com o Estado, em especial com os recursos públicos. Para tanto, foram explorados temas como o ressarcimento ao SUS, o uso da estrutura dos hospitais públicos pelos planos de saúde e a existência de subsídios, abatimentos e outras formas de financiamento público das atividades deste setor. No capítulo seguinte se detalhou a questão do envelhecimento populacional, apresentando-se a legislação pertinente, os dados que revelam a composição presente e estimada da população brasileira, os principais problemas de saúde que afetam os idosos e os impactos da mudança de perfil demográfico para a política de saúde. No capítulo 3 evidenciou-se a já problemática relação dos planos de saúde com os idosos, permeada por discriminações na contratação, cobrança de mensalidades proibitivas e reajustes expulsivos, presença de cláusulas abusivas em contratos antigos, judicialização dos reajustes por mudança de faixa etária e conflitos decorrentes da prevalência da contratação na forma coletiva. Por fim, no derradeiro capítulo concluiu-se que o modelo de planos de saúde não é viável para a garantia da atenção à saúde do idoso, sendo urgente que haja uma discussão sobre qual modelo de saúde o país deseja sob pena de que as conquistas decorrentes da afirmação da saúde como direito fundamental se percam. Há características inerentes ao setor que o aparta dos idosos e, portanto, da nova realidade demográfica do país, como a prática da seleção de risco, a cobrança de mensalidades com preços insustentáveis para os idosos, o foco no modelo curativo de atenção à saúde e o afastamento da prevenção. Por outro lado, o cenário se agrava por conta das recorrentes falhas na regulação e na regulamentação, e pelo tratamento cindido, na prática, da política de saúde como se não fosse una e não devesse funcionar em harmonia, independentemente da fonte de financiamento. Há, portanto, um alto risco de que a situação dos idosos nos planos de saúde se torne insustentável, dando margem a medidas imediatistas ampliadoras dos subsídios públicos aos planos de saúde. A contrarreforma sanitária, entendida como o retrocesso das ações e dos serviços de saúde ao modelo anterior à Constituição Federal, é um perigo a ser considerado e combatido.This paper discusses the present and future relationship between healthcare insurances companies and the elderly population. Initially, it is considered that a demographic window of opportunity exists - which will be closed, as estimated by IBGE in 2020 - and that the healthcare insurance model is expanding. Faced with the reality of an aging population, one asks: Healthcare insurances are a viable model for ensuring health care for the elderly? The methodology adopted for the construction of answers to this question are analysis of doctrine, jurisprudence, legislation and, where appropriate, non-traditional sources such as data on demographic and economic research institutions, the press, and sectorial associations. At first, the functioning of the health insurance sector was studied, from its origins which historically maintained a symbiotic relationship with the State, particularly with public resources. For this, themes were explored such as the reimbursement to SUS, the use of the structure of public hospitals by health insurance, and the existence of subsidies, rebates and other forms of public funding of the activities of this sector. The next chapter detailed the issue of population aging, presenting the relevant legislation, the present and projected data about the composition of the population, the main health problems that affect the elderly, and the impacts of demographic change for health public policy. Chapter 3 showed the already problematic relationship between healthcare insurance companies and the elderly population which involves discrimination when hiring, prohibitive fees and expulsive adjustments, unfair terms in old contracts, judicial discuss of adjustments for age and conflicts arising from the prevalence of collective contracts. Finally, the last chapter concludes that the health insurance model is not viable for the guarantee of health care for the elderly. There is an urgent need for a public discussion about which health model Brazil wants to otherwise, the achievements of the proclamation of health as a fundamental right are in dangerous. There are inherent characteristics of the health insurance sector that not considerers the elderly needs, as the practice of risk selection, the charging of unsustainable prices for the elderly, the focusing on the curative model of health care and the removal of prevention. On the other hand, the scenario worsens because of recurrent failures in regulation, and the split treatment of the health public policy as if it was not only one and should not work in harmony, regardless of funding source. There is therefore a high risk that the situation of older people in health insurance becomes unsustainable, giving rise to the investment of more public money in the sector. The retreat to the previous model of health attention, adopted before the promulgations of the Federal Constitution of 1988, is a danger to be considered and dealt with.
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Burch, Judith Gulliver. "Dementia garden design: a framework to facilitate Kaplans’ attention restoration theory (A.R.T.) in environments of care." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13665.
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Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Timothy D. Keane
This thesis documents an exploratory design process that examines the efficacy of a framework for designing dementia gardens based on: theory, Stephen and Rachel Kaplan’s Attention Restoration Theory (A.R.T.), (Kaplan and Kaplan, 1989) and Roger Ulrich’s Theory of Supportive Gardens (Ulrich, 1999); John Zeisel’s (2007) process for designing dementia gardens; and design details, Claire Cooper Marcus’ Garden Audit Tool (2007) and Moore’s analysis of exemplary dementia gardens (2007). It documents the integration of theory that is not specific to dementia gardens (Kaplans’ A.R.T. and Ulrich’s Theory of Supportive Gardens) with process (Zeisel) and programming elements that are specific to dementia gardens (Cooper Marcus’ Garden Audit Tool Kit and Moore’s exemplary dementia gardens). The framework was developed during an illustrative courtyard design project for a retirement center whose clientele included patients with varying need levels. Throughout the illustrative design project, knowledge of the four A.R.T. characteristics (Being Away, Fascination; Compatibility and Extent) guided design decision-making in an effort to create an engaging environment, where improved health outcomes and restorative person-environment interactions could occur.
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Mouton, Gerton Nicolaas Jacobus. "An evaluation of different material line insulators under high voltage AC and bipolar DC excitation in a marine polluted environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71940.
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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The worldwide increase in the popularity of high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission application has led to questions regarding the performance of high voltage alternating current (HVAC) insulators when energized under HVDC excitation. These questions have led researchers conduct numerous research projects worldwide. A particular question NamPower (the power utility in Namibia) has faced is: how do these insulators perform and age when energized under HVDC excitation in heavily polluted environments? This question was only partly answered by some insulator ageing tests conducted under laboratory conditions for HVDC excitation. However, the natural ageing tests on insulators, which are preferred, have to date been confined predominantly to HVAC excitation voltages. Thus, this research was initiated to investigate the natural ageing performance of insulators under both HVAC and HVDC excitations, when subjected to harsh marine pollution environments. This research project involved performance and ageing tests on three identical sets of line insulators made from different insulator materials, energised under HVAC and both polarities HVDC excitations respectively. The tests were conducted at Koeberg insulator pollution test station (KIPTS), which is a natural marine pollution insulator test station located near Cape Town, along the west coast of South Africa, approximately 50 m from the sea. The set of insulators consisted of EPDM silicone alloy rubber, HTV silicone rubber, RTV silicone rubber coated porcelain, Porcelain and Glass insulators. The HVAC excitation voltage was chosen as 12.7 kV r.m.s. phase-to-ground and it was decided to use a HVDC excitation voltage equal to this value. The research results showed that the insulators made from HTV silicone rubber performed better than the insulators made from EPDM silicone alloy rubber under all excitation voltages. It is also showed that RTV silicone rubber coated porcelain insulators performed better than Glass and Porcelain insulators under all excitation voltages.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die wêreld wye toename in gewildheid van hoë spanning gelyk stroom (HSGS) krag transmisie aplikasie het gelei na vrae oor die effektieweteit van hoë spanning wissel stroom (HSWS) insolators in HSGS aplikasies. Hierdie vrae het gelei na baie navorsings projekte. Een vraag waarmee NamPower (die krag voorsienings maatskapy in Namibia) gekonfronteer was, was hoe gaan die insolators wat onderworpe is aan ’n HSGS toevoer reageer in ’n baie besoedelde omgewing. Hierdie vraag was slegs gedeeltelik beantwoord deur verouderings toetse op insolators wat gedoen is in ’n labaratorium met ’n HSGS toevoer. Inteendeel, die meeste natuurlike verouderings toetse op insolators, soos verkies, is meestal gedoen met ’n HSWS toevoer. Om hierdie rede was hierdie navorsing begin om natuurlike verouderings toetse te doen op insolators onderworpe beide aan HSWS en HSGS toevoere binne ’n marien besoedelde omgewing. Hierdie navorsings projek gaan oor prestering en verouderings toetse op drie, identiese, transmissie lyn insolator stelle, wat onderskeidelik onderworpe was aan HSWS en beide polariteite HSGS toevoere. Die toetse was gedoen by Koeberg insolator besoedeling toets stasie (KIBTS) wat naby Kaapstad geleë is langs die weskus van Suid Africa omtrent 50 m van die see. ’n Stel toets insolators bestaan uit EPDM silikon allooi rubber, HTV silikon rubber, RTV silikon rubber bedekte porselein, Porselein en Glas insolators. Die HSWS waarde waarmee die insolators getoets was, was 12.7 kV w.g.k., fase-na-grond, en dit was besluit om ’n HSGS waarde gelyk aan hierdie spannings waarde te gebruik. Die navorsings resultate wys dat insolators wat gemaak is met HTV silikon rubber presteer beter as insolators wat met EPDM silikon allooi rubber gemaak is onder al die verskillende toevoere. Dit wys ook dat RTV silikon rubber bedekte porselein presteer beter as Porselein en Glas insolators onder al die verskillende toevoere.
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Monteiro, Luzia Cristina Antoniossi. "Políticas públicas habitacionais para idosos : um estudo sobre os condomínios exclusivos." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4187.
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Previous issue date: 2012-08-21Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
Brazil is facing severe problems in relation to urban spaces theme. Some age groups such as the elderly have found more difficulties to ensure their socio-spatial integration. This issue, combined with the demand for proper housing and the exponential increase in the number of people aged over sixty years are causing a new challenge for Brazil in the XXI century: the responsibility to implement appropriate public policies for the inclusion of the elderly population in cities. Building the house" is not enough; we must effect new forms of housing that enable inclusion and social participation. The aim of this study was to analyze the typology of exclusive condominiums for elderly, among the modalities of public housing policies identified in the literature review and legislation. Four condominiums have been analyzed, performing visits in locus for interviewing managers and elderly residents. The condos selected for analysis have as a reference the housing program of the State of Sao Paulo called Vila Dignidade , which adopts the concept of "assisted housing" aiming to provide, besides the house, social assistance, protection, accessibility, comfort and safety. The cities of Avaré and Itapeva were the first to inaugurate the housing units included in the program. On the other hand the other two analyzed condominiums, Vila dos Idosos-Pari in Sao Paulo and Recanto Feliz in Araraquara, predate the state policies but have interesting features since they were built on idle properties, or free deconstructed spaces that has relieved onus to the urban space, already so transformed by anthropical action. The results suggest the need to diversify housing models, in view of suiting the heterogeneity of the elderly and the resident s profile in each location. To make the policies efficient is necessary that the state fulfills its role to achieve the social rights of citizens involving in this task, the society, the family and the elderly person.
O Brasil enfrenta sérios problemas em relação à temática espaço urbano. Alguns grupos etários, como o dos idosos, encontram maiores dificuldades para garantir sua integração socioespacial. Essa questão, aliada à demanda por moradia digna e ao aumento exponencial do número de pessoas com mais de sessenta anos, está causando um novo desafio para o Brasil no início do século XXI: a responsabilidade de implementar políticas públicas adequadas para a inserção da população idosa nas cidades. Não basta construir a casa , é preciso efetivar novas formas de morar que possibilitem a inclusão e a participação social. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a tipologia de condomínios exclusivos para idosos, dentre as modalidades de políticas públicas habitacionais identificadas em revisão da literatura e da legislação. Foram estudados quatro condomínios, com a realização de visitas in locu e entrevistas com os gestores e os idosos moradores. Os condomínios selecionados para a análise têm como referencial o programa habitacional do Estado de São Paulo, denominado Vila Dignidade, que adota o conceito de moradia assistida . Vislumbra esse programa fornecer, além da casa, serviços de assistência e proteção social, acessibilidade, conforto e segurança. As cidades de Avaré e Itapeva são as primeiras a inaugurar as unidades habitacionais inseridas no programa. Já os outros dois condomínios analisados, Vila dos Idosos-Pari, em São Paulo, e Recanto Feliz, em Araraquara, são anteriores à política estadual, mas apresentam características interessantes, uma vez que foram organizados em imóveis ociosos, ou seja, espaços desconstruídos livres, mitigando ônus ao espaço urbano, já tão transformado pela ação antrópica. Os resultados apontam a necessidade de diversificar as modalidades habitacionais, atendendo a heterogeneidade do idoso e o perfil do morador de cada localidade. E, para que as políticas sejam eficientes é preciso que o Estado cumpra seu papel de concretizar os direitos sociais dos cidadãos, envolvendo nessa tarefa, a sociedade, a família e o próprio idoso.
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Maaroufi, Seifeddine. "Conception et réalisation d’un banc pour l’étude de fiabilité des micros dispositifs piézoélectriques de récupération d’énergie dédiés aux implants cardiaques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS187/document.
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Dans le cadre de cette thèse de doctorat, nous présentons la conception et la réalisation d’un banc dédié à l’étude de la fiabilité de structures piézoélectriques et plus précisément des micro-dispositifs de récupération d'énergie destinés aux implants médicaux autonomes actifs (stimulateurs cardiaques de nouvelle génération). Les structure étudiées se présentent sous la forme d’un bimorphe piézoélectrique encastré-libre comportant une masse sismique à leur extrémité. Une bonne compréhension du vieillissement des matériaux et des modes de défaillance mécanique et électrique est essentielle pour ce type de système où la vie du patient au sein duquel est implanté le dispositif est directement mise en jeu. Pour étudier la fiabilité et la durabilité de la partie active du récupérateur, nous proposons d'établir une nouvelle méthodologie de vieillissement accélérée via un banc d'essai dédié où l'environnement et les stimuli peuvent être contrôlés avec précision sur une large période de temps. Une caractérisation électromécanique des structures est périodiquement réalisée via l’extraction d’une série d’indicateurs (force de blocage, raideur, tension en régime harmonique) au sein même du banc tout au long du vieillissement. Il est donc ainsi possible d'identifier les différents modes de défaillance potentiels et d’étudier leurs impacts sur le bon fonctionnement du systèmeWithin the framework of this PhD we present the design and realization of a bench dedicated to the study of the reliability of piezoelectric structures and more precisely micro-devices of energy harvesting for the new generation of active and autonomous medical implants. The structures studied are in the form of a free-clamped piezoelectric bimorph having a seismic mass at their tip. A good understanding of the aging of the materials and of the mechanical and electrical failure modes is essential for this type of system where the life of the patient implanted by this device is directly involved. To study the reliability and durability of the active part of the harvester, we propose to establish a new accelerated aging methodology via a dedicated test bench where the environment and stimuli can be controlled accurately over a large period of time. An electromechanical characterization of the structures is periodically carried out by the extraction of a series of indicators (blocking force, stiffness, tension in harmonic regime) within the bench throughout the aging process. Therefore it is possible to identify the different potential failure modes and to study their impact on the proper functioning of the system
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Diniz, Matheus Brito Nunes. "Envelhecimento populacional e reforma da política de aposentadoria no regime geral de previdência social." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9641.
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Faced with the continuing decline in population work mass activity, in contrast to the growing number of retirees, the financial and actuarial balance of the entire system of public security is called into question, demanding measures to enable the rebalancing of this scale. The question becomes even more delicate by the political and ideological choice of the brazilian constituent legislator, which adopted a pay-as-you-go system of social security financing model, sustained by the principle of social solidarity and dependent on social contributions made by the economically active population to accomplish their commitments. Thus, the objective is to study some of the major legal reforms suggested within the retirement policy for age and contribution time now practiced by RGPS, especially because of Brazil's new age setting, whose population undergoes with a fast aging process. Through an essentially bibliographic research, there has been produced an analysis of the problems above, in attempt to highlight the main aspects that may lead to the affirmation of a social security currently lagging in structural terms. It is observed that, while a neuralgic public policy for the country, RGPS has not followed the national demographic dynamics. Facing that process undergoes, inevitably, by reviewing the rules of access to retirement by age and contribution time, that is, which is presented as a measure of adaptation of RGPS rules to the new characteristics of a people living longer and better. In addition to its perfect compatibility with the brazilian legal system, these changes also represent a rereading of the breakthrough concept of social protection, in which the tightening of the rules means, in Brazil and in other countries experiencing the same phenomenon, the preservation of pension system for future generations.
Diante da contínua redução da massa trabalhadora em atividade, em contraposição ao número crescente de aposentados, o equilíbrio financeiro e atuarial de todo o sistema público de previdência é posto em xeque, demandando, nessa esteira, medidas que possibilitem o reequilíbrio dessa balança. A questão se torna ainda mais delicada pela escolha político-ideológica do legislador constituinte brasileiro, que adotou a repartição simples como sistema de financiamento dos gastos previdenciários, modelo este calcado no postulado da solidariedade social e dependente das contribuições sociais vertidas pela população economicamente ativa para a quitação de seus compromissos. Desse modo, objetiva-se estudar algumas das principais de reformas jurídicas sugeridas no seio da política de aposentadoria por idade e por tempo de contribuição ora praticada pelo RGPS, sobretudo em face da nova configuração etária brasileira, cuja população passa por rápido processo de envelhecimento. Através de uma pesquisa essencialmente bibliográfica, produziu-se uma análise sobre a referida problemática, procurando realçar os principais aspectos que podem conduzir à afirmação de uma previdência social atualmente defasada em termos estruturais. Observa-se que, enquanto política pública nevrálgica para o país, o RGPS não tem acompanhado a dinâmica demográfica nacional. O enfrentamento a esse processo passa, inevitavelmente, pela revisão das regras de acesso à aposentadoria por idade e por tempo de contribuição, que se apresenta como medida de adaptação das regras do RGPS às novas características de um povo que vive por mais tempo e com mais qualidade. Além de sua compatibilidade com o ordenamento jurídico pátrio, tais mudanças representam, também, uma releitura da noção de avanço na proteção social, no qual o endurecimento das regras significa, no caso brasileiro e nos demais países que passam pelo mesmo fenômeno, a preservação do sistema previdenciário para as futuras gerações.
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Gebreyohannes, Abaynesh Yihdego. "Bio-hybrid membrane process for food-based wastewater valorisation : a pathway to an efficient integrated membrane process design." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30360/document.
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L'industrie alimentaire est de loin l'industrie la plus grande consommatrice d'eau potable et elle rejette environ 500 millions de m3 d'eaux usées par an contenant une charge organique très élevée. Un simple traitement de ce flux par des technologies conventionnelles échoue souvent en raison de facteurs de coûts. Aussi, récemment, l'accent a été largement mis sur la valorisation de ces effluents par récupération des éléments d'intérêt et la production d'eau de bonne qualité en utilisant des procédés à membrane intégrés. Les procédés membranaires couvrent pratiquement toutes les opérations unitaires utiles et nécessaires qui sont utilisés dans les usines de traitement des eaux usées. Ils apportent souvent des avantages comme la simplicité, la modularité, le caractère innovant, la compétitivité et le respect de l'environnement. Ainsi, l'objectif principal de cette thèse est le développement d'un procédé à membrane intégré comprenant microfiltration (MF), osmose directe (FO), ultrafiltration (UF) et nanofiltration (NF) pour la valorisation des eaux usées d'origine agro-alimentaire dans une logique de " zéro effluent liquide ". Nous avons pris les eaux de végétation provenant de la production d'huile d'olive comme support d'étude. Les défis associés au traitement des eaux usées de végétation sont: la variabilité des charges hydrauliques ou organiques, la présence de composés bio phénoliques, le colmatage des membranes et le rejet périodique de grands volumes d'eaux usées. En particulier, la présence de composés bio phénoliques rend ces eaux usées nocives pour l'environnement. Toutefois, la récupération de ces composés phytotoxiques peut également apporter une valeur ajoutée, car ils ont des activités biologiques intéressantes qui peuvent être exploitées dans les industries cosmétique, alimentaire et pharmaceutiqueThe food industry is by far the largest potable water consuming industry that releases about 500 million m3 of wastewater per annum with very high organic loading. Simple treatment of this stream using conventional technologies often fails due to cost factors overriding their pollution abating capacity. Hence, recently the focus has been largely centered on valorization through combinatorial recovery of valuable components and reclaiming good quality water using integrated membrane process. Membrane processes practically cover all existing and needed unit operations that are used in wastewater treatment facilities. They often come with advantages like simplicity, modularity, process or product novelty, improved competitiveness, and environmental friendliness. Thus, the main focus of this PhD thesis is development of integrated membrane process comprising microfiltration (MF), forward osmosis (FO), ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) for valorization of food based wastewater within the logic of zero liquid discharge. As a case study, vegetation wastewater coming from olive oil production was taken. Challenges associated with the treatment of vegetation wastewater are: absence of unique hydraulic or organic loadings, presence of biophenolic compounds, sever membrane fouling and periodic release of large volume of wastewater. Especially presence of biophenolic compounds makes the wastewater detrimental to the environment. However, recovering these phytotoxic compounds can also add economic benefit to the simple treatment since they have interesting bioactivities that can be exploited in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries
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Gross, Tadeu Junior. "Structure learning of Bayesian networks via data perturbation." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18153/tde-19022019-134517/.
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Structure learning of Bayesian Networks (BNs) is an NP-hard problem, and the use of sub-optimal strategies is essential in domains involving many variables. One of them is to generate multiple approximate structures and then to reduce the ensemble to a representative structure. It is possible to use the occurrence frequency (on the structures ensemble) as the criteria for accepting a dominant directed edge between two nodes and thus obtaining the single structure. In this doctoral research, it was made an analogy with an adapted one-dimensional random-walk for analytically deducing an appropriate decision threshold to such occurrence frequency. The obtained closed-form expression has been validated across benchmark datasets applying the Matthews Correlation Coefficient as the performance metric. In the experiments using a recent medical dataset, the BN resulting from the analytical cutoff-frequency captured the expected associations among nodes and also achieved better prediction performance than the BNs learned with neighbours thresholds to the computed. In literature, the feature accounted along of the perturbed structures has been the edges and not the directed edges (arcs) as in this thesis. That modified strategy still was applied to an elderly dataset to identify potential relationships between variables of medical interest but using an increased threshold instead of the predict by the proposed formula - such prudence is due to the possible social implications of the finding. The motivation behind such an application is that in spite of the proportion of elderly individuals in the population has increased substantially in the last few decades, the risk factors that should be managed in advance to ensure a natural process of mental decline due to ageing remain unknown. In the learned structural model, it was graphically investigated the probabilistic dependence mechanism between two variables of medical interest: the suspected risk factor known as Metabolic Syndrome and the indicator of mental decline referred to as Cognitive Impairment. In this investigation, the concept known in the context of BNs as D-separation has been employed. Results of the carried out study revealed that the dependence between Metabolic Syndrome and Cognitive Variables indeed exists and depends on both Body Mass Index and age.O aprendizado da estrutura de uma Rede Bayesiana (BN) é um problema NP-difícil, e o uso de estratégias sub-ótimas é essencial em domínios que envolvem muitas variáveis. Uma delas consiste em gerar várias estruturas aproximadas e depois reduzir o conjunto a uma estrutura representativa. É possível usar a frequência de ocorrência (no conjunto de estruturas) como critério para aceitar um arco dominante entre dois nós e assim obter essa estrutura única. Nesta pesquisa de doutorado, foi feita uma analogia com um passeio aleatório unidimensional adaptado para deduzir analiticamente um limiar de decisão apropriado para essa frequência de ocorrência. A expressão de forma fechada obtida foi validada usando bases de dados de referência e aplicando o Coeficiente de Correlação de Matthews como métrica de desempenho. Nos experimentos utilizando dados médicos recentes, a BN resultante da frequência de corte analítica capturou as associações esperadas entre os nós e também obteve melhor desempenho de predição do que as BNs aprendidas com limiares vizinhos ao calculado. Na literatura, a característica contabilizada ao longo das estruturas perturbadas tem sido as arestas e não as arestas direcionadas (arcos) como nesta tese. Essa estratégia modificada ainda foi aplicada a um conjunto de dados de idosos para identificar potenciais relações entre variáveis de interesse médico, mas usando um limiar aumentado em vez do previsto pela fórmula proposta - essa cautela deve-se às possíveis implicações sociais do achado. A motivação por trás dessa aplicação é que, apesar da proporção de idosos na população ter aumentado substancialmente nas últimas décadas, os fatores de risco que devem ser controlados com antecedência para garantir um processo natural de declínio mental devido ao envelhecimento permanecem desconhecidos. No modelo estrutural aprendido, investigou-se graficamente o mecanismo de dependência probabilística entre duas variáveis de interesse médico: o fator de risco suspeito conhecido como Síndrome Metabólica e o indicador de declínio mental denominado Comprometimento Cognitivo. Nessa investigação, empregou-se o conceito conhecido no contexto de BNs como D-separação. Esse estudo revelou que a dependência entre Síndrome Metabólica e Variáveis Cognitivas de fato existe e depende tanto do Índice de Massa Corporal quanto da idade.
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Marquez, Jodie. "Transcranial direct current stimulation: a potential modality for stroke rehabilitation." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1383654.
Full textAbstract:
Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation which has been investigated in a broad range of neuropsychiatric conditions and as a method to modulate cognitive performance in healthy individuals. It is generally accepted that the main mechanism by which tDCS modulates brain function is via a neural membrane polarization shift which can, in turn, lead to diverse changes in single neuron, synaptic and network activity (Peterchev, Wagner et al. 2012). However, the direction of polarization shift is sensitive to the stimulation dose, the state of brain activity at the time of stimulation and individual anatomy (Bikson and Rahman 2013). This results in a large inter individual variability to the neurophysiological and behavioural response to tDCs. Given the simplicity of tDCS and the complexity of brain function, we sought to unveil some of the physiological mechanisms underpinning the effects of tDCS in order to better our understanding of the variability in response to tDCS and to allow us to predict those most likely to respond. Ultimately our objective was to direct the translation of the research evidence into therapeutic applications of tDCS for stroke patients. The aim of this research was to determine the potential application of tDCS in the stroke population. At the commencement of this PhD research project, keen interest in the use of tDCS as a potential therapeutic tool in neuromotor conditions, such as stroke, was emerging. As tDCS is portable, relatively inexpensive, free from major adverse effects, and easily applied concurrently with other interventions, it is ideally suited for use in stroke rehabilitation therapy. The goal of tDCS in stroke is to increase cortical excitability of the lesioned hemisphere and/or reduce excitability on the non-lesioned hemisphere to restore interhemispheric balance (Mordillo-Mateos, Turpin-Fenoll et al. 2012). The vast majority of literature investigating tDCS has been conducted in young, healthy subject. As stroke patients are typically more senior and have age related changes in cortical structure, function and excitability, we began our investigation into the functional and physiological effects of tDCS in a healthy, aged population. We found that the hemispheres responded differently to tDCS and the response appeared to be task specific, but it was not mediated by age. However, a subsequent multimodal imaging study did not support these findings and failed to reveal a difference when tDCS was applied to the dominant or non-dominant hemisphere but showed that the effects were diffuse and determined by the type of stimulation. In a systematic review of the stroke literature we synthesised the evidence from 15 studies and confirmed the safety and acceptability of this modality in the stroke population. We concluded that tDCS may be effective in enhancing motor performance, atleast in the short term. Those most likely to benefit were patients with chronic stroke and/or mild to moderate impairments. However these positive findings were not consistent across all studies and the size of the treatment effect was at best modest and may not translate to clinically meaningful change for some or all patients. We used this evidence to conduct a randomised controlled trial in chronic stroke patients and found that neither anodal nor cathodal stimulation resulted in statistically significant improvement in upper limb performance. A secondary analysis was performed and identified that those with moderate or severe disability responded positively to cathodal stimulation with improved gross motor function. This thesis, in conjunction with the rapidly growing body of evidence in this field, highlights the inconsistency in the effects of tDCS at both an intraindividual level and between subjects, and the transient nature of these effects which limits the clinical value of this intervention. Further scrutiny of the mechanisms underpinning the effects of tDCS is required for the rational advancement of tDCS as a clinical modality in stroke rehabilitation.
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Padigala, Meghana 1989. "Application of Direct Tension Testing to Laboratory Samples to Investigate the Effects of Hot Mix Asphalt Aging." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148213.
Full textAbstract:
While the oxidation of binders in hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements and its subsequent detrimental effects on pavement life have been well recognized in the last few years, many important issues have not yet been investigated. Understanding how best to design mixtures taking this phenomenon into account and achieving maximum durability is an important and complex issue. This study was aimed at characterizing the effects of oxidative aging on durability in terms of mixture fatigue resistance of laboratory mixed-laboratory compacted (LMLC) samples. Direct tension tests were conducted on HMA samples to measure mixture stiffness and a Modified Calibrated Mechanistic with Surface Energy (CMSE*) analysis method was used to predict fatigue life. The effect of various mix design parameters was evaluated to understand their importance with respect to the aging phenomena and mixture fatigue resistance.
Analysis of the results showed that aging has a significant negative effect on mixture fatigue resistance. Considerable increase in the stiffness modulus (Eve) of the mixtures was observed with age for all three mixtures analyzed. Air voids (AV) played a substantial role in affecting the fatigue resistance with aging, but a difference of 0.5% in binder content near the optimum level did not statistically change mixture durability in terms of fatigue resistance with aging.
For the three mixtures in Texas included in this study, when comparing Eve, one month of artificial aging in the laboratory was equivalent to 10.5 months of natural aging in the field. A good correlation was also found between the Eve of the mixture and the Carbonyl Area (CA) and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) function of the extracted binder. Thus, a connection exists between the properties of the extracted binder, laboratory mixtures and field mixtures. This relationship will facilitate development of a more mechanistic aging component in pavement performance prediction models.
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Lawrence, James 1973. "Application of Direct Tension Testing to Field Samples to Investigate the Effects of HMA Aging." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148088.
Full textAbstract:
There are many factors which contribute to fatigue failure in HMA. While studies have been made with respect to binder aging, little has been done to investigate the effect of aging on the fatigue failure of asphalt mixtures. The lack of an effective and efficient method of testing field samples has contributed to this deficiency. This study focused on the development of a method for preparing and testing field samples in direct tension. This methodology was then be employed in combination with the VEC and RDT* tests to investigate several factors that affect fatigue in HMA. Particular emphasis was placed on the role of aging in the fatigue process.
A method of testing field samples in direct tension was successfully developed. Results from the VEC and RDT* tests performed on several field samples collected from across the state of Texas were analyzed. US 277 field sample results were compared to laboratory mixed and compacted (LMLC) sample results as well as results obtained from extracted binder testing. Findings show that oxidative aging has an impact on the stiffness and performance of HMA. Chip seal surface treatments can extend the life of the pavement, but their affects are found primarily at the surface.
Two additional field sites were tested, analyzed, and compared to LMLC results. These comparisons verified the effects of aging and show that a relationship between LMLC samples and field samples can be developed. Modulus values for one month of artificial aging of LMLC samples is equivalent to 10.5 months of aging in the field.
Finally, 21 Texas sites used for the study were analyzed and a multivariate linear regression was performed to determine the factors that play the most significant role in the aging process. A linear regression model was constructed to determine the number of loads to failure from fatigue cracking due, primarily, to aging.
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Spínola, Mónica Paula Gouveia. "Cognitive function in healthy aging – the effects of cognitive training combined with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/85514.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Psicologia apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da EducaçãoIntrodução: O envelhecimento saudável/normativo pode afetar várias funções do domínio cognitivo, como a memória, a atenção, o raciocínio e as funções executivas, ocorrendo esse processo de forma diferenciada em cada sujeito. O aumento da esperança média de vida torna relevante o estudo não só da população idosa, como também das mudanças cerebrais e neuropsicológicas inerentes ao processo de envelhecimento. Surge a necessidade de investigar formas de atenuação e retardamento dos efeitos do envelhecimento na função cognitiva, por forma a manter a capacidade funcional e a autonomia do adulto idoso. Assim, o treino cognitivo (TC) surge como uma estratégia/técnica de restauração, reorganização ou compensação da perda cognitiva, promovendo a manutenção da funcionalidade e o atraso do declínio. Por outro lado, a estimulação elétrica transcraniana (ETCC) emerge enquanto técnica neuromoduladora não invasiva capaz de causar impacto no funcionamento cognitivo. Existem já evidências na literatura de que a sua aplicação pode aumentar os efeitos do TC.Objetivos: O presente estudo visou avaliar se a aplicação combinada de TC e ETCC produziria efeitos na memória, linguagem, atenção e qualidade de vida considerando adicionalmente a influência da área cerebral estimulada. Procurou-se, ainda, verificar se aqueles se manteriam ao longo do tempo, considerando a presença desses efeitos 4 meses após a intervenção e averiguar as diferenças entre os grupos em estudo.Metodologia: Foram recrutados 56 adultos idosos saudáveis, distribuídos aleatoriamente por quatro condições: Lista de Espera, Sham, com estimulação do Córtex Pré Frontal Dorsolateral Esquerdo (CPFDLE) e com estimulação do Cerebelo. Todos os sujeitos realizaram sessão de screening e 3 sessões de avaliação neuropsicológica (pré e pós intervenção e follow up), seguidas de uma ressonância magnética. Os grupos de intervenção (Sham, CPFDLE e Cerebelo) receberam/integraram 12 sessões de intervenção, com 20 minutos de ETCC, seguidos de 1 hora de TC. Foi, portanto, analisada a presença de diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos e nos três tempos de avaliação. Resultados: Foram obtidos efeitos de interação estatisticamente significativos apenas na qualidade de vida. No entanto, verificaram-se efeitos exclusivos do tempo estatisticamente significativos na maioria das variáveis analisadas.Conclusões: Ainda que os nossos resultados não sejam conclusivos no que diz respeito à eficácia do protocolo de intervenção, este estudo constitui-se como um importante contributo no ainda longo caminho a percorrer no que diz respeito à reabilitação neurocognitiva e aos processos de avaliação da sua eficácia.
Introduction: Healthy/normative aging process can affect several domains of cognitive function such as memory, attention, reasoning and executive function, occurring differently in each subject. With the progressive augment of lifespan, becomes relevant the study of not only the elderly population but also of the brain changes that follow this aging process. There comes the need to investigate ways of attenuate and retard the aging effects on cognitive function and maintain the elderly’s autonomy. This way, cognitive training (CT) comes up as a strategy/technique of restoring, reorganizing or compensating cognitive losses, promoting the maintenance of functionality and delaying performance decline. On the other hand, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) emerges as a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that can also cause an impact cognitive function. There is literature evidence that the application of active tDCS can enhance the effects of CT.Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate if the combined appliance of tDCS and CT produced significant effects on memory, language, attention and quality of life, considering the influence of the stimulated brain area. We also aimed to verify the presence of those effects 4 months after the intervention and ascertained the differences between the different groups.Methodology: We recruited 56 healthy older adults who were randomly distributed on four conditions: Waiting List, Sham, Dorso Lateral Pre Frontal Cortex (DLPFC) and Cerebellum. All subjects performed 1 screening session and 3 neuropsychological assessments followed by MRI. Intervention groups’ subjects (Sham, DLPFC and Cerebellum) received a 12 sessions intervention with 20 minutes of tDCS followed by 1 hour of CT. We analyzed the presence of statistically significant differences between the groups and in the three evaluation moments. Results: We only obtained statistically significant interaction effects on quality of life. However, we did find statistically significant effects of only time on the majority of our variables.Conclusions: Even though our results were not conclusive on the efficacy of these intervention protocol, the present study comes as an important contribute to the long road to go in what concerns to neurocognitive rehabilitation and the evaluation of its efficacy.
Outro - Este trabalho foi suportado pelo projeto 2014/495 da Fundação BIAL.
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Hsu, Yi-Jou, and 許亦韖. "The Status and Restrictions of Aboriginal Tribal Elderly Day Care Stations’ Direct Services and Aging in Place:Cases of Sinyi Township of Nantou County." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v4d842.
Full textAbstract:
碩士靜宜大學
社會工作與兒童少年福利學系
104
This essay will be focus on Sinyi Township of Nantou County aboriginal tribe' daily caring station to promote the situations and limitations of orderly caring services.This essay will use the interview method and focus on four of the orders' caring services related servant including the manager and the practical staffs in order to analyze and collect. Research results show: (1) Interviewees felt a tremendous lack of service providers in elderly care stations and even more for volunteers; (2) The lack of autonomy in the usage of space, which means the need to rent or share space with other organizations, is extremely inconvenient; (3) The inadequacy of professional skills, such as operation of transportation facilities or basic computer skills, among staff members in the elderly care stations adds to the heavy burdens of those in charge of the stations. Computer skills are especially lacking, thus the burden of performance evaluation reports often land on a single person; (4) The roles and functions of elderly care stations, which include social relationships and interactions, maintenance of health and mental support, do help with the implementation of aging in place for the tribal elderly. The researcher advises: (1) Healthcare services and activity designs should incorporate aboriginal tribal culture and better grasp the principle of aging in place; (2) There is still room for improvement in professional knowledge and skills of care-taking among elderly care station workers. It is advisable to develop different professional training programs based on tribal characteristics, incorporating the tribes to provide training that is complete and organized; (3) The government should have plans to regulate and supervise in order to develop aboriginal tribes'macro caring mood, through empowerment trend to add it aboriginal orderly caring services to enhance the power of service, at the same time,to merge with the regional industries to expend resources from outside, to successfully make aboriginal orderly catering institute progress to self-developing condition and promote the aboriginal tribe's orders' living standard.
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Do, Eun Kyeong. "Filial piety obligations and the lived experience of Korean female caregivers of aging parents-in-law in Canada." 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32052.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined, through a narrative phenomenological framework, the experiences of Korean female caregivers in Canada, and the ways in which filial piety obligations affected their quality of life. The existing literature is scarce on information about caregiving by Korean females in both North America and Canada. Further, caregiving issues regarding caregiving stress have mostly investigated the medical aspects. It was crucial, therefore, to investigate and understand the social aspects of the caregiving experience. Korean daughters-in-law (DILs), who lived with their aging parents-in-law (PILs) in environments profoundly rooted in Confucian values, experienced conflicts with their parents/mothers-in-law. A number of caregiving hardships were identified and categorized according to the following two themes: cultural obligations and direct caregiving practices. Some DILs’ caregiving hardships were heavier when they moved to Canada and adopted a new culture. The findings of this study show that the caregiving practices of these Korean female caregivers in Canada are changing as the DILs have been influenced by their new environment, but the findings also demonstrate that the DILs are still strongly affected by the traditional cultural values in which they were raised. This study investigated their attitudes and behaviours of these women in their caregiving roles by employing a qualitative research design. As little research has been done on immigrant women’s caregiving experience, this study provides an important contribution by examining the lived experience of immigrant women as it is affected by the traditional cultural value of filial piety.February 2017
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CHEN, CHI-TING, and 陳祺婷. "A Study on the Self-directed Learning readiness and Successful Aging of Elder Learners in Kaohsiung City." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37n5kt.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
諮商心理與人力資源發展學系終身學習與人力資源發展研究所
105
The purpose of this study was to investigate Kaohsiung city elderly learners of elderly learning group self-directed learning readiness and successful aging perceptions. Based on the suggestions of research literatures, a structured questionnaire contains personal background information, self-directed learning readiness scale and successful aging scale.A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed to elder learners in elderly learning group, 281 surveys were returned, for a valid response rate of 93.6%. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22 statistical software, with results including descriptive statistic percentage, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and regression analysis method. The main conclusions are as follows: 1.Elderly learners’ self-directed learning readiness is ranked over agerage. 2. Elderly learners’ perception is positive in successful aging. 3.The influencing factors affected self-directed learning readiness, including:marriage,level of education and Living condition. 4.The influencing factors affected Successful Aging, including:age,level of education and financial situation. 5.There was positive correlation between elderly learners self-directed learning readiness and successful aging. 6.Elderly learners’ self directed learning readiness showed predictive abililty of successful aging.
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Abreu, Rosa Manuela Pereira de. "Criação de um programa de formação contínua para auxiliares de ação direta em contexto residencial para pessoas idosas." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/37205.
Full textAbstract:
O envelhecimento rápido das sociedades transformou as Estruturas Residenciais
para Idosos numa das principais respostas sociais em Portugal na prestação de cuidados
às pessoas mais velhas. Neste contexto, os Auxiliares de Ação Direta (AAD) surgem
como atores principais na prestação de cuidados e atenção aos residentes. O
desconhecimento sobre o processo de envelhecimento, as alterações físicas,
psicológicas e sociais, assim como as representações, os sentimentos e emoções
desenvolvidas relativamente à velhice, limitam a ação destes profissionais às rotinas
impostas pela instituição. Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um programa de
formação contínua para AAD em contexto institucional, assumindo-se como ferramenta
de gestão capaz de dotar os recursos humanos com as competências necessárias para
proporcionar uma prestação de cuidados que tenha em conta a individualidade e as
necessidades da pessoa idosa. Simultaneamente, poderá fornecer aos AAD estratégias
que os ajudem a enfrentar as dificuldades subjacentes à sua prática profissional diária.
Para responder a esta problemática, optou-se por uma metodologia de projeto. Da
análise do diagnóstico de necessidades resultou na criação de três cursos de formação:
Morte e Luto, Gestão de Conflitos, Relações com a Família.The rapid aging of societies has made Nursing Homes for Older People into one of the main social responses in Portugal in providing care to older people. In this context, Auxiliares de Ação Direta (AAD) appear as main ators in the provision of care and attention to residents. Lack of knowledge about the aging process, physical, psychological and social changes, as well as the representations, feelings and emotions developed in relation to old age, limit these professional’s work to the need to comply with the routines imposed by the institutions. This work aims to develop a continuing training program for AAD in an institutional context, assuming it as a management tool capable of providing human resources with the necessary skills to provide care that takes into account the individual's identity and needs. Simultaneously, it can provide professionals with strategies that help them to face the difficulties underlying their daily professional practice. To respond to this problem, a project methodology was chosen. The analysis of the needs diagnosis resulted in the creation of three training courses: Death and Mourning, Conflict Management, Family Relations.
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Xavier, Daniela de Almeida. "A formação das ajudantes de ação direta e as suas implicações na qualidade do cuidado prestado em estruturas residenciais para idosos." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/27484.
Full textAbstract:
O envelhecimento bem-sucedido tem sido associado a uma maior qualidade de vida da população idosa. O
sentimento de utilidade, associado a uma maior participação e controlo sobre a sua vida, contribui para o seu
melhor bem-estar. Todavia, quando nos debruçamos sobre as Estruturas Residenciais para Idosos (ERI),
observamos que os níveis de dependência são elevados, o que contraria os pressupostos do envelhecimento bem
– sucedido. O que nos propomos com este estudo, simultaneamente de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa
realizado em oito instituições do distrito de Braga, é perceber se a formação é utilizada como ferramenta de
gestão capaz de dotar os seus recursos humanos com as competências necessárias para prestar um cuidado de
qualidade, isto é, um cuidado que respeite o idoso no seu todo. Após a realização do estudo podemos concluir
que os recursos humanos das instituições analisadas têm acesso à formação, no entanto, esta não é assumida
como uma ferramenta de gestão. Podemos também concluir que as competências na área comportamental são as
que carecem de maior desenvolvimento, e que esta pode ser uma área diferenciadora na prestação de melhores
cuidados ao idoso.Successful aging has been associated with a higher quality of life of erderly people. The feeling of usefulness associated with greater participation and control over life, contributes to the sense of well-being of the elderly people. When we are discussing about the instituicionalized elderly population we note that dependency levels are high, what is contrary to the assumptions of successful aging. What we propose with this qualitative and quantitative research carried out in eight long-stay institutions for the elderly in Braga, is to understand if the training is used as a management tool, able to provide its human resources with the skills needed to provide quality care. After completing the study we can conclude that the human resources have access to training, however, training is not assumed as a management tool. We can also conclude that the behavioral area skills are those that require further development and that can make a difference in providing best care to the elderly.
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Behrendt, Jörg. "Kognitive Hemmung im Alter - Experimente mit dem Directed-Forgetting-Paradigma." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AE5E-1.
Full text
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Santos, Maria Ana da Mata Moreira dos. "Lembra-te de esquecer: Esquecimento dirigido nos idosos: relação com a sintomatologia depressiva e com o envelhecimento." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/6675.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestradoa apresentada no ISPA – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Psicologia ClínicaA presente investigação teve como objetivo estudar o impacto da Sintomatologia Depressiva e do Envelhecimento no Processo de Esquecimento Dirigido. Participaram neste estudo 100 indivíduos com idades compreendidas entre os 65 e os 86 anos (M = 69,19; DP = 5,17). Foi administrado um protocolo constituído por um Questionário Sociodemográfico, Avaliação Cognitiva de Montereal (MoCA), Tarefa de Esquecimento Dirigido (TED), Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI), Inventário de Ansiedade Estado e Traço – Forma Y (STAI-Y), Questionário de Esquemas de Young (QE), Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos (BSI) e Nova Escala Multi-Dimensional da Depressão (NEMD). Os resultados mostram que não existem diferenças significativas no desempenho da Tarefa de Esquecimento Dirigido devidas ao envelhecimento. Ao contrário do esperado, a influência da sintomatologia depressiva no processo de Esquecimento Dirigido não ficou demonstrada, uma vez que se verificou que a severidade dos sintomas depressivos, não era acompanhada por um maior número de palavras de valência emocional negativa. Por outro lado, foi apurada uma correlação significativa negativa entre o número de palavras relembradas e a idade do sujeito, compatível com um declínio tardio das capacidades cognitivas.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of Depressive Symptomatology and Aging in the Directed Forgetting Process. A total of 100 individuals aged 65-86 years (M = 69.19, SD = 5.17) participated in this study. A protocol consisting of a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, and the Montereal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Directed Forgetting Task (TED), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State- Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y (STAI-Y ), Young Scheme Questionnaire (EQ), Psychopathological Symptom Inventory (BSI) and New Multidimensional Depression Scale (NEMD). The results show that there are no significant differences in the performance of the Directed Forgetting Task due to aging. Contrary to expectations, the influence of depressive symptomatology in the Directed Forgetting process was not significant, since it was verified that the severity of depressive symptoms was not accompanied by a greater number of words of negative emotional valence. On the other hand, a significant negative correlation was found between the number of remembered words and the age of the subject, compatible with a late decline in cognitive abilities.
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Castro, Catarina Marques Carloto de. "Apoio à natalidade no sistema de segurança social e no contexto laboral de parentalidade." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/18433.
Full textAbstract:
This Thesis aims to understand how far does extent the issue of low birthrate in Portugal as it affects the sustainability of the welfare system. Furthermore verifying to what extent valid answers on the legal system contribute in this sense to the efficient forestall on this subject.
In addiction, the issue of this research focus on the study of the Portuguese Public Policies in support of Birth, analysing the politic narrative along side with the funding benefits of the Welfare Public Foundation, by also centralizing valid questions in the context of the labour law, particularly the parental leave terms, the part-time and flexible hours of work status on its entirety for what concerns the worker with family entitlements and duties.
Lastly, as a means of ultimate reflection, one general and constructive argument is made regarding the current public encouragement of portuguese birth, in which the possible social and political aspects to improve are considered.O presente trabalho tem como finalidade compreender de que forma o problema do baixo índice de natalidade, em Portugal, afeta a sustentabilidade do SSS, averiguando, posteriormente, em que medida, as respostas vigentes no O.J. contribuem para o eficiente tratamento do tema. Para tal, esta investigação tem como objecto de estudo as políticas públicas portuguesas de apoio à natalidade, analisando-se a narrativa política e, num plano jurídico, analisando as prestações pecuniárias do SSS, assim como as respostas vigentes no contexto do direito laboral, concretamente as licenças parentais e o tempo parcial de trabalho e horário flexível de TRF. Por último, num exercício de reflexão final é feita uma crítica geral e construtiva, em relação ao atual incentivo público à natalidade portuguesa, ponderando-se sobre os possíveis aspetos a melhorar.