Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Diplomats – France – History'
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Brough, Gideon John. "Medieval diplomatic history : France and the Welsh, 1163-1417." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/42434/.
Full textClerc, Louis. "La Finlande dans la diplomatie française : représentations, forces organisationnelles et intérêt national dans les considérations finlandaises des diplomates et des militaires français (1918-1940)." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR30001.
Full textOur thesis aims at studying the place of Finland in French diplomacy and strategy from 1918 to 1940. Our work revolves around three sets of issues: What are the relations between the French foreign policy leadership and Finland? What are the structures of these relations, the way the French foreign policy leadership replaces Finland in their views of the world and their assessment of French national interest? What does this case-study teach us in terms of the way Great Powers relate to small States? Our work describes chronologically French-Finnish relations from the recognition by France of Finland’s independence (4th January 1918) to the end of the Finnish-Soviet war (13th March 1940). We observe these relations in three domains: the French representations about Finland; the organisational forces at work between the French leadership and Finland ; the way Finland is replaced in the French assessment of France’s national interest. In these three domains, our goal is to find the influences that weight on the French leadership’s assessment of Finland’s place in France’s national interest. This work allows us to draw a few conclusions of the way Great Powers relate to small States, and on French policy in the Baltic between the two World wars
Cantoni, Roberto. "Oily deals : exploration, diplomacy and security in early Cold War France and Italy." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/oily-deals-exploration-diplomacy-and-security-in-early-cold-war-france-and-italy(64fca03b-4a9f-485a-bff1-2a13e3f07905).html.
Full textGady, Eric. "Le pharaon, l'égyptologue et le diplomate : les égyptologues français du voyage de Champollion à la crise de Suez (1828-1956)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040038.
Full textBecause Bonaparte's expedition rediscovered ancient Egypt, because Champollion was the first Westerner to decipher the hieroglyphs, and also because Mariette founded the Egyptian Antiquities Service, the French wanted or believed that they possessed, if not a monopoly, at least the first place in Egyptology. For decades, the French Republic supported its scholars in Egypt, both financially, by the creation of the IFAO, and diplomatically, notably by reserving the direction of the Antiquities Service to one of its countrymen during the Entente Cordiale agreement. A real policy of “cultural diplomacy” was progressively set up to save this egyptological legacy, first against the British, then, after 1922, against the Egyptians anxious to conquest their past. This action directly fits in with an imperialist policy : the French who, after 1882, felt themselves frustrated to see their British rivals control contemporary Egypt, transferred theirs pretensions to ancient Egypt. Maintaining this scholarly presence allowed the continuation of French influence along the Nil. So, it is the notion of scientific imperialism which is presented in this thesis
Tronchet, Guillaume. "Savoirs en diplomatie : une histoire sociale et transnationale de la politique universitaire internationale de la France (années 1870 - années 1930)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010714.
Full textCriticizing the notion of "cultural diplomacy" spread by the Foreign Affairs Departments of European countries and of the United States, this thesis focuses on the unknown history of the French "academic diplomacy". This international and transnational action was built by the universities of the French Third Republic in order to attract foreign students and academics, and to export the French knowledges abroad. It was born between the late l 870s and the mid l 900s, at the intersection of social and economical dynamics, that the dissertation analyses at different scales (local, national, global) with the tools of history and sociology. In the l 900s and 1910s, under the influence of some members of Parliament and some academic networks like the Office national des universités et écoles françaises, ONUEF), this sector was gradually invested by State and placed under the control of the French Ministry of Education and its new international academic policy. The Great War reinforced the weight of the interstate et political logics. In the 1920s and 1930s, actors of academic diplomacy were increasingly in competition with the new actors of cultural diplomacy, related to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Without success, they tried to preserve their autonomy, but the international academic policy of France was gradually integrated into the cultural diplomacy area. The loss of academic autonomy is the central question of the thesis
Fett, Denice Lyn. "Information, Intelligence and Negotiation in the West European Diplomatic World, 1558-1588." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275425139.
Full textSpeeckaert, Jean-Charles. "Construire une relation pacifiée. Les ministres de France à Bruxelles dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle. Pratiques et réseaux." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/256988.
Full textDoctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Greth, Karine. "Les représentations de la France à Saint-Pétersbourg et le déploiement de la diplomatie culturelle française en Russie de 1991 à 2010. Échanges bilatéraux : enjeux politiques, stratégiques et géopolitiques." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040123.
Full textThe French have long understood the importance of France’s image abroad and established what’s called today the French model of cultural diplomacy, which they defend and promote through soft power. For over a century, the French Government has financed the action of multiple players in its cultural and diplomatic outreach in Russia. This speaks to the strategic importance of having France shine in Russia. But do the economic and political repercussions match the resources deployed by France in its cultural and diplomatic activities in Russia ? What are the results of France’s actions ? Our research has studied the evolution of France’s actions in Russia, examined and highlighted the role and parameters of French presence in today’s Russia. This has required a contemporary and historical understanding of the Franco-Russian bilateral relationship and how each regards the Other. This thesis analyzes the resources used by France in Russia, more particularly St. Petersburg, as well as the strategic, economic and diplomatic parameters of France’s cultural activities that it pursued in Russia at the beginning of the 21st century. Finally, it aims to clarify France’s position in the rapport between East and West and the state of the Franco-Russian bilateral relationship
Bukaitė, Vilma. "Political and diplomatic relations between the Republic of Lithuania and France in 1919–1940." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130701_092603-04021.
Full textDisertacijoje nagrinėjama Lietuvos ir Prancūzijos politinių bei diplomatinių santykių dinamika 1919–1940 m. Atspindima Prancūzijos įtaka Lietuvos nepriklausomybės tarptautinio pripažinimo procesui. Analizuojamas Prancūzijos poveikis Vilniaus klausimo sprendimui tarptautinėse institucijose 1920–1923 m. ir Prancūzijos pozicija dėl Lietuvos santykių su Lenkija. Tiriami Lietuvos vyriausybės santykiai su prancūzų administracija Klaipėdos krašte 1920–1923 m. Nagrinėjama Prancūzijos kaip Klaipėdos konvencijos signatarės laikysena ginant Klaipėdos krašto gyventojų interesus 1925–1939 m. Įvertinamas Lietuvos ir SSRS politinių ryšių poveikis santykiams su Prancūzija. Analizuojama Prancūzijos įtaka Lietuvos dalyvavimui Baltijos valstybių vienijimosi projektuose. Tiriamos Lietuvos vyriausybės pastangos sustiprinti valstybės saugumą, įsijungiant į Prancūzijos ir SSRS 1934–1935 m. kurtą Rytų paktą. Tiriamos Lietuvos valstybės pastangos gauti Prancūzijos politinę paramą, 1938 m. gavus Lenkijos ultimatumą ir 1934–1935 m. ir 1938–1939 m. pr. Vokietijai taikant spaudimą dėl Klaipėdos krašto. Apibrėžiamas Prancūzijos požiūris į Lietuvos okupaciją ir aneksiją. Disertacijos rengimui naudoti Lietuvos centriniame valstybės archyve, bibliotekų rankraštynuose, Prancūzijos užsienio reikalų ministerijos Diplomatinių archyvų centre saugomi ir publikuoti istoriniai šaltiniai.
Ortiz, Vásquez Luis Carlos. "La correspondance politique des diplomates français en Colombie : 1860-1903." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010542.
Full textAvignon, Mathieu d'. "Samuel de Champlain et les alliances franco-amérindiennes : une diplomatie interculturelle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60627.pdf.
Full textRogers, Lauren. "(Re)Writing History: How Germany and France Create and Project EU Narratives Abroad." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-360375.
Full textAffolter, Andreas. "Verhandeln mit Republiken : die Ambassade des Marquis d’Avaray und die französisch-eidgenössischen Beziehungen im frühen 18. Jahrhundert." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE4044.
Full textThe thesis examines the Franco-Swiss relations in the early 18th century and probes into both the practices and channels of negotiation as well as the status of the actors. As a contribution to the flourishing ‘new diplomatic history’, it draws on the methods and innovations of cultural and social history. The first part discusses the relations between two unequal sovereigns: the Swiss authorities and the French king. Given the asymmetry between the king and the cantons, their relations can not only be described as relations between (unequal) sovereigns but also as patron-client ties. The second part examines the personal relations of the French ambassador in Switzerland and shows how the different political cultures of the cantons shaped the communicative practices between the ambassador and his Swiss interlocutors. In the third part, the channels of communication and negotiation between the French court and the Swiss authorities are analysed. Thanks to the presence of numerous foreign diplomats accredited in Switzerland and relying on the services of Swiss subjects staying at foreign courts as officers and diplomats serving a foreign prince, the Swiss republics were able to practice “diplomacy without diplomats”, thus economizing on the expenses associated with maintaining a formal diplomatic body. In the final part, the analysis of the negotiations for the renewal of the alliance between the French king and the Republic of Berne provides a case study of what it meant to negotiate with a polyarchy in the early modern period
Hou, Qibin. "Quarante ans de dialogue : évolution des relations politico-diplomatiques entre la France et la Chine (1964-2007)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30009/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate which factors, internal and external, influence the evolution of Sino-French relations since 1964. France being the first occidental country that recognized the new China in 1964, the Sino-French relationship is considered a priority of French government’s Asian policies. And it’s the same situation for the Chinese government. As the international situation is always changing, this relationship is not the same as forty odd years ago. The main purpose of this research is to understand such questions as: How did these two governments decide to establish this relationship in 1964? What are the changes of this bilateral relationship during the last four decades? Which factors are the reasons of those changes? How the international society influences this relationship, and in contrast? Etc.The data used for this study have been collected through published official documents, interviews, and academic works. I chose the period from 1964 to 2007 in order to limit the field of my work. And I divide the thesis into five parts in chronological sequence.The conclusion will be drawn that the development of the relationship between China and France depends not only on the national interests of the two countries but also on the historical context of the international society. Internal factors like government alternation, political reform, external factors like the cold war, the regional interests of the United-States and the European integration, all of them influence the Sino-French relations, both positively and negatively
Vollering, Cédrick. "La France dans une Europe en construction évolution de la diplomatie de 1616 à 1815." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2658.
Full textPalayret, Jean-Marie. "L'alliance impossible : diplomatie et outil militaire dans les relations franco-italiennes (1929-1938)." Strasbourg 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR30008.
Full textThis work examines the reasons and circumstances for the failure of the french-italian alliance in the period 1928-1939. It begins by presenting the stance taken by the various policy-makers on the french (briand, laval and weygand) and italian (Mussolini, Grandi and Badoglio) sides, vis-a-vis the power beyond the alps in the early thirties. The subsequent part of the book is dedicated to the events which exasperated the situation by increasing tensions, such as, colonial issues, naval parity and mussolini's revisionist opposition to collective security coupled with failed rapprochements (Jouvenel embassy, Four-power pact) all of which characterised the turbulent nature of the french-italian political and strategic relationship between 1929-1934. The renewal of german militarism which greatly concerned paris, and the rapidity of the third reich's rearmament, the general willingness to oppose the "anschluss", provided a brief respite in the military relations between the "latin sisters" which led to the chiefs of staff agreements between Denain-Valle and Gamelin-Badoglio, following the Rome and Stresa conferences. However events during the years 1936-1938 thwarted all expectations, for despite the willingness of french policy-makers and chiefs of staff, the french-italian alliance quickly sank, victim of Mussolini's ambitions over Ethiopia and the italian-british clash in the Mediterranean. Divided between the contradictory positions of its two virtual western allies, France tried in vain to reconciliate the secret military agreement reached with rome in june 1935, with its desire to seal its strategic destiny to Great britain. This transanctional attitude inspired the Hoare-Laval plan, and its subsequent failure which Mussolini regarded as an act of betrayal, and thus became another nail in the coffin of the french-italian alliance. In january 1936, mussolini initiated a "rapprochement" with the germans. The accession to power of the popular front further deepened the gap between the two countries. Blum and delbos refused to recognise the italian empire and hesitated in making concessions to appease mussolini which would have created divisions among the axis. During the spanish war, the italian intervention immediately took on an anti-french character which served to bring fascist italy and Hitler's reich ever closer. This tendancy was reinforced, after the
Villate, Laurent. "Paul et Jules Cambon : deux acteurs de la diplomatie française, 1843-1935." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999IEPP0012.
Full textThis thesis consists in a biography of Paul Cambon (1843-1924) and Jules Cambon (1845-1935) who were prefects and ambassadors under the Third Republic. Their careers had to be studied at once, as they were astonishingly parallels. Born in Paris in the reign of Louis Philippe, graduated in law, the Cambon brothers started their rising career after the ending of Second Empire, after Jules Ferry's example and with the support of several influential friends. They were prefects in different departments, sometimes in the same the one after the other, like it happened in the North. The second part of their career has been accomplished in the colonies. Paul Cambon has been in Tunisia from 1882 to 1886 where he organised the French protectorate ; Jules Cambon has been governor of Algeria from 1891 to 1897 in charge of major state reforms. They both faced difficulties (Paul Cambon against General Boulanger in Tunis ; Jules Cambon against the delegates in Algeria), but they still succeeded to enter the diplomatic service. Paul Cambon was sent in Madrid (1886-1891), in Constantinople (1891-1898) and in London (1898-1920). Jules Cambon worked on Washington (1897-1902), in Madrid (1902-1907) and Berlin (1907-1914). During the World War I, they both still exerted their influence (Jules Cambon was Secretary General of French Foreign Office from 1915 to 1917 and a member of the French Delegation at the Peace Conference of Paris). The two brothers were, as well as Camille Barrère, the best support of Delcassé’s policy, which lead to the Entente cordiale. Based on the private letters mostly unpublished before their work, their memoir intends to light up several issues : strategy of career, daily lives, in the prefectures and the embassies, state official's on political life, on other countries and other peoples and on the geopolitical groups. . . Apart being very well written, these letters are mainly an amazing testimony on a specific era and enlighten from the heart the administrative and diplomatic process
Blum, Anna. "« Les sages ialousies ». La diplomatie française en Italie à l’époque de Richelieu et Mazarin (1635-1659)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040149.
Full textThis doctoral thesis studies France’s diplomacy in Italy between 1635 and 1659, that is, during the French period of the Thirty Years war and the Franco-Spanish war. The governments of Richelieu and Mazarin survey the peninsular events and ventures with great attention. Italy is not seen as an ensemble of separate states, but as a single geopolitical entity. The first part of this work follows the military and political vicissitudes of the French presence in Italy. The war against Spain and the shaping of new diplomatic alliances in Italy are the constant source of preoccupation for the French representatives in the peninsula. In this context, however, several Italian crises come to add their own logic to the endeavours of the two opposing Crowns. The civil war in Piedmont, the war of Castro and the revolt of Naples are major episodes in which the French interfere notwithstanding the reluctance of the Italian princes. In the second part, the general practices used in the negotiations of the time are considered. The status of written messages, the characteristics of the diplomatic language and the difficulties sending letters from one court to another are brought up. The family links and clientele relations in which the diplomats are engaged form an essential element to the understanding of the careers of the individual negotiators. Far from concerning only a small circle of persons, diplomacy involves a number of different types of personage in both the French and Italian courts: information flow must be guaranteed as well as the payment of pensions and other remunerations. Finally, the Italian princes and their Houses are also studied. Between the promises and threats by the Crowns, the princes’ choices are made in function of a complex and variable set of factors
Lanoe, Elise. "La culture au service de la diplomatie? Les politiques culturelles extérieures de la RFA et de la France au Brésil (1961-1973)." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00738382.
Full textGhanem, El Bonn Bechara. "La France face aux évènements du Liban 1975-1976 : points de vue français, libanais, arabes et américains." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040009.
Full textPrompted by the particular interest it has traditionally shown in Lebanon, France made intensive diplomatic efforts during the first years of the war (1975-1976), in an attempt to help solve the conflict. Two missions went to Beirut, one headed by Maurice Couve de Murville called "friendship and information", the other, "good offices" was presided by Georges Gorse. Two proposals were put forward: 1) France’s participation in a "control and security system", 2) the organization of a "round table" in Paris. Notwithstanding the failure of the two attempts and the controversial criticism they provoked, the French experience laid useful grounds for an eventual future role Paris could play in a rescue operation for Lebanon: avoiding any misunderstanding with the Lebanese on the one hand and with the Syrians and Israelis on the other
Dutton, Kathryn Ann. "Geoffrey, Count of Anjou and Duke of Normandy, 1129-51." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3052/.
Full textLong, Bronson Wilder. "The Saar dispute in Franco-German relations and European integration French diplomacy, cultural policies and the construction of European identity in the Saar, 1944-1957 /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3290754.
Full textSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-11, Section: A, page: 4830. Adviser: Carl Ipsen. Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 22, 2008).
Demel, Julie Anne. "Regard historique sur la diplomatie féminine en Autriche et en France de la paix des dames 3 août 1529 au traité de Lisbonne 13 décembre 2007." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA4041.
Full textThe aims of this thesis are as follows:First to present the women who played a key role in Franco-Austrian relations in their historical context;2) To define the diplomacy exercised by these women in order to bring peace to Europe and contribute to understanding among European peoples;3) And finally, to emphasize the actions of these women which have been engraved in European memory. 1) Why women?The founding fathers of Europe are well known. Everyone has heard of Jean Monnet, Konrad Adenauer, Robert Schuman, etc. But what about women? What role did they play in the political arena? Women are sometimes mentioned in history books, but often only in footnotes or appendices. By focusing on the history of Franco-Austrian relations and by paying particular attention to annotations, it becomes clear that certain women played a significant political role. While they may not have been in the limelight, they were certainly part of the political scene. From the 16th century, Louise of Savoy and Margaret of Austria joined efforts to put an end to a war that was ravaging Europe. What would have become of Europe two centuries later if the Empress Maria Theresa and Madame de Pompadour hadn’t provoked a reversal of alliances?The Congress of Vienna tells of the intrigues between Metternich, Talleyrand and the other diplomats, but few books emphasize the role of women in their account of the Congress. It was actually in the literary salons of Fanny von Arnstein, Wilhelmine of Sagan and her sister Dorothea de Talleyrand-Périgord that European politics happened. In the 19th century, other women would continue the literary salon tradition in France and in Austria. The most influential salons were those of Mélanie de Pourtalès in Strasbourg and of the Countess of Greffulhe in Paris, as well as the famous salon of Berta Zuckerkandl-Szeps in Vienna. Following the First World War, women were poorly represented in the League of Nations in Geneva. Geneva nevertheless became a meeting place for strong feminine personalities. Gathered around Briand and Stresemann, these women included Louise Weiss, Genève Tabouis, Annette Kolb and Marie Curie, among others. At this same time in Vienna, women were joining the European movement of Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi. Following the Second World War, French women, thanks to their newly acquired suffrage, were able to become involved in politics. But it is since the creation of the European Union that many women in France and Austria have come together in building a unified Europe. In 2007, Benita Ferrero-Waldner and Cécilia Sarkozy joined efforts to free the Bulgarian nurses being unjustly detained in Libya and put an end to human rights violations. To this day, history has been written from a uniquely masculine viewpoint. Yet the look of history changes when it is told from a feminine point of view. Europe was and is built by both men and women. It is therefore important to know and acknowledge the contribution of these Austrian and French feminine personalities. 1. The Women During these five centuries, women undeniably brought a certain dynamic to European political life - At first, it was primarily the princesses belonging to the royal houses of France and Austria who exercised this power. Let us not forget that Louise of Savoy and Margaret of Austria were both regents of their respective countries. Of the various emperors of the House of Habsbourg, Empress Maria Theresa was the most successful in directing the affairs of the state. The Empress Zita ceaselessly served Austria throughout her life. The role of Madame de Pompadour is even more surprising. She was the mistress of Louis XV despite being of common origin. -Besides these princesses of royal blood, other women belonging to the aristocracy were also interested in politics, for example the Duchess of Sagan, the Princess de Metternich, the Countess of Pourtalès and the Countess Greffulhe. -Fanny von Arnstein and Madame de Staël came from the world of finance. -At the end of the 19th century and during the 20th century it was mostly journalists of Jewish origin, such as Berta Zuckerkandl-Szeps, Louise Weiss and Cécile Brunschvicg, and intellectuals like Bertha von Suttner who became involved in politics. -In the second half of the 20th century, women of all origins were working in the European ministries and institutions. Consider, for example, Johanna Nestor, Brigitte Ederer, Edith Cresson, Benita Ferrero-Waldner and Ursula Plasnik. Regardless of their origins, they are all true Europeans. Their goal was and continues to be the construction of a peaceful Europe. 2. Diplomacy These women exercised different types of diplomacy, but always shared the same objectives: Peace and reconciliation between France and Austria. -Louise of Savoy and Margaret of Austria negotiated as equals. They submitted their project of peace to their sovereign, but maintained enough freedom to negotiate alone, face to face and make the final decision. They also used secret diplomacy in order to prepare the Treaty of Cambrai. -The Empress Maria Theresa and Madame de Pompadour had other methods of negotiation. An empress could not negotiate directly with the mistress of a French king. Thus the ministers of foreign affairs and diplomats intervened. -During the Congress of Vienna politics took place in the salons. Women gathered information from these salons, which acted as a meeting place for diplomats from all over Europe. The princesses of Sagan could influence both Metternich (Wilhelmine) on the one hand and Talleyrand (Dorothea) on the other. -The same was true under the Second Empire. In a whirlwind of “madness” in Compiegne and Fontainebleau, women tried to assume a role in politics. They also attempted cultural diplomacy. Pauline de Metternich tried to impose Richard Wagner in France and Mélanie de Pourtalès attempted to preserve French culture in Alsace. -Before the First World War, women would become directly involved and attempt to negotiate with male politicians. Berta Zuckerkandl-Szeps met Clemenceau in an attempt to reconcile France and Austria. Bertha von Suttner traveled Europe and the United States trying to prevent war. -Following the carnage of 1914-1918, women continued their efforts to prevent another war. They focused their work around the League of Nations and supported Stresemann and Briand. -It was only after the Second World War that the position of women changed both in society and in diplomacy. Women were no longer acting alone, but within national institutions and international organizations. The European Union gives women the possibility to express themselves and to become involved. Simone Veil and Nicole Fontaine were both President of the European Parliament, with a twenty year lapse between the two. Jacques Delors encouraged women to participate in building Europe. Manuel José Barroso, the European Commission’s current president, pledged for gender balance, though the result did not meet expectations. -Today men and women must adapt to the new context of diplomacy in all its diversity. They must possess new technologies if they wish to occupy high level functions or positions in the European embassies of tomorrow. 3. Collective and cultural memory in European history The marks left on history and cultural memory by the diplomatic actions of all these women vary in degree. -First, there is what we call the forgotten or lost memory. Everyone knows Francis I and Charles V, but few have heard of Louise of Savoy or Margaret of Austria. Madame de Pompadour remains in the collective memory as the mistress of Louis XV. The important role she played in the reversal of alliances continues to be minimized to this day. During the Congress of Vienna, only the actions of Metternich and Talleyrand are emphasized. -Along with this forgotten or lost memory, certain women and their diplomatic actions remain alive in the cultural memory of one country, but have been completely erased from the memory of the other country. Pauline de Metternich left her mark on Austria, but is hardly known in France. Similarly, Mélanie de Pourtalès is relatively unknown in Austria, but her memory remains alive in Alsace. -Some women were deliberately overlooked. We call this repressed memory. This is particularly true for women of Jewish origin in Austria. Perhaps the best illustration can be seen in the fate of Fanny von Arnstein. -Today there are many of what Pierre Nora calls lieux de mémoire (“places of memory”). These may be, for example, postage stamps bearing the image of Annette Kolb or Bertha von Suttner, commemorative plaques honoring Berta von Zuckerkandl-Szeps or Irene Harand, banknotes or coins featuring Marie Curie or Bertha von Suttner, paintings immortalizing the beauty of Mélanie de Pourtalès or the Countess of Greffulhe, poems singing the glory of Louise of Savoy, or European literary characters that embody Dorothea de Talleyrand-Périgord. Certain women also created their own lieu de mémoire: Margaret of Austria immortalized herself by building the magnificent Royal Monastery of Brou. Madame de Pompadour decorated and built several castles and her name continues to be associated with Sevres porcelain. As for the Empress Maria Theresa, her mark can be found throughout Vienna. Marie Curie, by twice receiving the Nobel Prize for her scientific work, and Bertha von Suttner, by publishing her book Die Waffen nieder! (“Lay Down Your Arms”) and by also receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, have entered directly into European memory. Others, like Geneviève Tabouis and Brigitte Ederer are kept alive in the communicative memory. It is still too early to tell what history holds in store for women playing a role in politics after 1945. Christiane Scrivener and Simone Veil, who both have laws named after them, have already found their place in history. Since joining the French Academy, Simone Veil has become an “Immortal” (a name bestowed upon Academy members)
Ternat, François. "Inscrire la paix dans les espaces lointains. Histoire diplomatique d’un entre-deux-guerres : les négociations franco-britanniques de 1748 à 1756." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040247.
Full textThe Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle which ended the War of Austrian Succession in 1748 threw into relief the linkage between the europeans and colonial issues. It returned the european claims in North America and in the West Indies to the statu quo ante bellum settled by the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713. A boundary commission was established to study the claims, to determine what areas were considered as belonging to the British or to the French Crowns, and to define clear boundaries separating the colonial dominions. Not solely episode of the Anglo-French rivalry, these inter-war years took place in the middle of the Age of Enlightenment, which celebrated the idea of balance of powers. Despite their failure, these negotiations could be envisaged as attempts to regulate colonial and maritime disputes by international agreements and as experiences by both Courts of a far diplomacy
Perrad, Sophie. "LA POLITIQUE ANGLAISE D'ÉLISABETH I PAR RAPPORT À LA FRANCE SOUS HENRI III (1574-1589) : menées secrètes ou diplomatie sincère?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26356/26356.pdf.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the foreign policy of Elizabeth I, Queen of England (1558-1603), toward France during the reign of Henry III, King of France of the dynasty of Valois. The first purpose was to determinate how Elizabeth I, protestant queen, and her ambassadors, reacted toward the wars of Religion between French Catholics and Protestants. We also study their reactions toward the princely ultra catholic family of Guise and the group they leaded, the Holy League. Elizabeth chose to act secretly with the protestants rebels first (1574-1577) but, she adopted a sincere diplomacy with the crown subsequently (1584-1589) to obviate that France fall into Guise’s and their ally’s hands, Phillip II, King of Spain.
Nabuco, de Araujo Rodrigo. "Conquête des esprits et commerce des armes : la diplomatie militaire française au Brésil (1945-1974)." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00690336.
Full textAl-Jboori, Ali. "Les relations franco-irakiennes, 1921-1974." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010638.
Full textBureaux, Guillaume. "Union et désunion de la noblesse en parade. Le rôle des Pas d'armes dans l'entretien des rivalités chevaleresques entre cours princières occidentales, XVe-XVIe siècles (Anjou, Bourgogne, France, Saint-Empire)." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR142/document.
Full textAppearing in 1428 in Spain, the Pas d’Armes are a real example of the undeniable interest held by the nobility of the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance in the arts of warfare, in literature, and theater. It is in reality an evolution of the joust and tournament in which one or several knights volunteer to keep a crossroad, a door or another symbolic place. To differ from the joust, the organizers publish chapters, or letters of weapons, several months in advance. They consisted of two parts, the first one coming to place the knights defenders and aggressors in a magic and fantastic universe, the second containing rules to be followed. It is also necessary to note that the great majority of Pas place the knights in a fictional world, in particular regarding Arthurian legend, by means of chapters, present scenery around the lists and, naturally, costumes. Testimonies of transcultural contacts between the Valois ‘courts of Anjou and Burgundy and Spanish courts, the Pas d’armes are organized at courtly decisive moments like marriages, treaties of peace or just after a war, all the Pas d’armes had a common role : to highlight the unity of knighthood around the Prince and his power. On each occasion is the Prince who emerges victorious from all the entertainment organized at his court. Essentially, it is a way for the prince to dramatize his power in this “game – mimicry” where the important thing was not so much the fighting but the scenery and the highlighting of cultural, financial and military power of the court
Rhode, Benjamin. "'The living and the dying' : the rise of the United States and Anglo-French perceptions of power, 1898-1899." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e77338b1-b465-4d65-a6d3-d6d5d4f2314f.
Full textBukaitė, Vilma. "Lietuvos Respublikos politiniai ir diplomatiniai santykiai su Prancūzija 1919–1940 m." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130701_092454-22884.
Full textThe thesis deals with the dynamics of the political and diplomatic relations between Lithuania and France in 1919–1940. The influence of France on the process of the international recognition of Lithuania’s independence is reflected. The impact of France on solving the issue of Vilnius between 1920 and 1923 and the position of France on the relations between Lithuania and Poland are analysed. The relations of the Government of Lithuania and French administration in Klaipėda region between 1920 and 1923 are considered. The attitude of France as a signatory of Klaipėda Convention in defending the interests of the inhabitants of Klaipėda region between 1925 and 1939 is investigated. The impact of the political relations between Lithuania and the USSR on the relations with France is assessed. The influence of France on Lithuania’s participation in the projects of unification of the Baltic States is analysed. The attempts of the Government of Lithuania to strengthen the state’s security when joining the Eastern Pact in 1934–1935 are analysed. The attempts of the Lithuanian State to obtain a political support of France after Poland issued the ultimatum in 1938 and with Germany exerting pressure in 1934-1935 and 1938-1939 for Klaipėda region are examined. The position of France on Lithuania’s occupation and annexation is defined. Historical sources stored in the Lithuanian Central State Archives and the Centre for Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France were... [to full text]
Garault, Claire. "Écriture, histoire et identité : la production écrite monastique et épiscopale à Saint-Sauveur de Redon, Saint-Magloire de Léhon, Dol et Alet/Saint-Malo (milieu du IXe siècle – milieu du XIIe siècle)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20025.
Full textFrom the middle of the ninth century to the middle of the twelfth century, at Saint-Sauveur de Redon, Saint-Magloire de Léhon, Dol and Alet/Saint-Malo, there appears to be a close link between writing, history and identity. Basing our analysis on the exemples of those two abbeys and those two episcopal sees, we shall see how the writing of texts interact with the ideological and cultural framework of the time. On a broader level, this study is rooted in the historical revision on the fonction and uses of the past and how, in particular, it may come to shape the identities of the monastic communities and the episcopal sees. We shall focus on the whole textual production, be it hagiographic, historiographic or diplomatic, in the light of the recent developments in hagiographic studies as regards the practice of writing. The analysis of how the founding events in the history of the monastic communities and the episcopal sees were recorded into words and then put into perspective has revealed that it was at the key moments when the ecclesiastical and secular powers were redefined – especially in the second half of the ninth century and from the end of the eleventh century to the middle of the twelfth century – that they all took to writing down the memory of their past, elaborating discursive strategies that would legitimize or delegitimize contemporary events
Pane, Caroline. "Francia Italia in mostra : les expositions comme observatoires des relations franco-italiennes dans la construction d’une diplomatie culturelle européenne après la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3092/document.
Full textAs part of the current historiography of the cultural studies of international relationships, this thesis questions the role of artistic exchanges in Franco-Italian diplomatic relations, from the aftermath of World War II to the beginnings of European construction. The analysis of exhibitions held by the Cultural Services of the French and Italian Ministries of Foreign Affairs, respectively in Italy and France, highlights the balance of power and the keys to the Franco-Italian reconciliation after 1945. The reconstruction of national identities, their representations and their circulations in both sides of the Alps are questioned in the particular context of the Cold War leading to the rise of a new form of European cultural diplomacy. We focus, firstly, on the modalities of institutional and ideological transition before and after World War II, introducing elements of interruptions and continuities. We then analyze the "militant" exhibitions, main focus of tensions and strong geopolitical issues in the international stage. Finally, we show the emergence of recurring patterns and exhibition typologies which address the need for diplomatic balance pursued by the French and Italian governments in the formation of cultural Europe after 1945
Questa tesi si inserisce nel quadro storiografico della Storia culturale delle relazioni internazionali e interroga piùspecificatamente il ruolo degli scambi artistici nelle relazioni diplomatiche italo-francesi, dalla fine della Seconda Guerramondiale agli esordi della costruzione europea. L’analisi delle mostre realizzate dai servizi culturali dei ministeri degli AffariEsteri francese e italiano, rispettivamente in Italia e in Francia, mette in evidenza i giochi di potere e le chiavi dellariconciliazione italo-francese dopo il 1945. La ricostruzione delle identità nazionali, le loro rappresentazioni e le circolazionida una parte all’altra delle Alpi sono qui interrogate in funzione dell’elaborazione di una nuova forma di diplomazia culturalenell’Europa della Guerra fredda. Ci siamo prima impegnati a ricostruire la transizione istituzionale e ideologica dal periodofra le due guerre all’indomani del 1945, mostrandone i punti di rottura e di continuità. Poi, abbiamo esaminato le mostre“militanti”, oggetti di tensioni dai forti accenti geopolitici nello scenario internazionale dal 1944 al 1948. Infine, abbiamoanalizzato il sorgere di modelli ripetitivi e delle tipologie di mostre che rispondono al bisogno di equilibrio diplomaticoperseguito dai governi francese e italiano nell’ambito della formazione di un’Europa culturale dopo il 1945
Margolis, Oren, and Brian Maxson. "The 'Schemes' of Piero de' Pazzi and the Conflict with the Medici (1461–2)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6175.
Full textRichard, Guillaume. "Enseigner le droit public à Paris sous la Troisième République." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100156/document.
Full textPublic law has been instrumental in organizing Law Schools in France since the late 19th century. However, the notion remains problematic: based on the example of the Law School of Paris, the purpose of this study is thus to examine its specific impact on legal teaching. The Parisian School of Law, by far the biggest and closest to political institutions, played a leading role in the reforms which led to a generalization of public law in Law Schools during the Third Republic. Its framework provides a good example of how legal scholars have specialized after the separation, in 1896, of the agrégation recruitment competition into different sections, one of them being for public law and one for private law. Far from being simple, these evolutions remain unstable. Public law scholars both wish to distinguish themselves from the dominating civilists, and to maintain the unity of legal science. Public law itself is not a homogeneous field of knowledge. A collection of disciplines (administrative law, international public law, constitutional law, financial legislation) rather than a coherent science, it is characterized by two trends: the first sees public law as a formalized and autonomous body of knowledge, able to comprehend facts through its distinctive logic; on the contrary, the second trend sees it simply as a part of political and economic sciences. Before the supremacy of the first trend imposed itself – rather late – in the first half of the 20th century, public law was considered a social knowledge, used to explain contemporary political events
Picard, Emmanuelle. "Des usages de l'Allemagne : politique culturelle française en Allemagne et rapprochement franco-allemand, 1945-1963 : politique publique, trajectoires, discours." Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de paris - Sciences Po, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00267294.
Full textCette dualité entre deux dimensions de l'action se retrouve quand on fait l'étude des acteurs engagés dans sa mise en place. Au côté des profils traditionnels d'enseignants chargés de la politique culturelle extérieure de la France en général se trouve une petit groupe aux trajectoires originales, dont la force essentielle réside dans leur capacité à élargir l'écho de leur action par le travail commun avec les réseaux intellectuels engagés dans le rapprochement franco-allemand. Alors que les médiateurs traditionnels que sont les germanistes ne sont présents que de façon épisodique, les professionnels de la culture engagés sur le terrain rentabilisent leur expérience allemande en la reconvertissant dans la suite de leur trajectoire professionnelle et en saisissant l'occasion de s'imposer comme les nouveaux spécialistes de l'Allemagne. Cette distinction entre les deux groupes rejaillit sur l'évolution du discours à propos de l'Allemagne contemporaine. Le renfermement des germanistes sur des problématiques d'histoire littéraire laisse aux non germanistes la possibilité d'investir la position de spécialistes. Il en découle la production d'une nouvelle représentation du pays en rupture avec les catégories d'explication des décennies précédentes, privilégiant l'image d'une démocratie modèle restreinte à la seule République fédérale.
Berger, Jean. "Droit, société et parenté en Auvergne médiévale (VIè-XIVè s.) : les écritures de la basilique Saint-Julien de Brioude." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3032.
Full textAt the end of late antiquity, the Basilica of the Holy Martyr St. Julian of Brioude became the sanctuary of the patron saint of the Arverni. The prestige of the saint of Brioude and of his church remained constant both in Aquitaine and beyond, in all the Gauls. The decisive burial, in 455, of the Gallic emperor Avitus in this pivotal location, followed later by that of the Duke and Abbot William “the Pious”, demonstrates the capital importance of the site. This aura led to the production of continuous and diverse documentation throughout the Middle Ages. The comparison of the sources concerning this military saint and his veneration casts an original light on the nature of this ancient institution. In the heart of the rural vicus of Brioude, the community of the basilica, precociously placed under the royal tuitio of the Merovingian sovereigns, functioned in the manner of a small senatus. The monumental Grand Cartulaire or Liber de Honoribus reflects with force the pledging of the real estate of the region to Saint Julian in Carolingian times and during the early reigns of the Capetians. In this work, the omnipresence of the clause of lifetime usufruct characterises the Carolingian and late-Carolingian charters of Brioude during the High Middle Ages
Catros, Simon. "Sans vouloir intervenir... : Les états-majors généraux français – Armée, Marine, Armée de l’Air et Colonies – dans la prise de décision en politique étrangère, 1935-1939." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040106/document.
Full textThis dissertation is a contribution to the rich historiography of France’s foreign policy in the 1930s. Its aim is to explore the specific role played by France’s general staffs in shaping foreign policy, drawing largely on sources that have recently come to light. Employing a combination of structural analysis and case studies, it focuses on a five-year period for the purpose of examining the role played by France’s general staffs in the decision-making process, both in routine affairs and in each succeeding diplomatic crisis, from the proclamation of Germany’s rearmament to the Wehrmacht’s offensive in Poland. The study begins by exploring the general staffs’organization, composition, and functioning, as well as their relations with the Foreign Affairs Ministry and the place they occupied in the decision-making process. An analysis of their perceptions of the diplomatic and strategic situation, and of domestic and international political developments, sheds light on the multiple, complex, and occasionally contradictory motives behind their interventions in foreign policy. Lastly, a study of the forms of intervention and a review of their results reveal the significance and, in some cases, the decisiveness of the general staffs’ role in shaping French diplomacy from Rome in January 1935 to Moscow in August 1939, by way of Stresa, London, and Munich
Colombani, Philippe. "Les corses et la couronne d’Aragon fin XIIIe- milieu XVe siècle. Projets politiques et affrontement des légitimités." Thesis, Corte, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CORT0012/document.
Full textThe claims of the Crown of Aragon on Corsica go back to 1297, the year Pope Boniface VIII, eager to form an alliance with King James II of Aragon, bestowed on him the opportunely-created Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica. It was for the King to turn this theoretical allegiance into an effective domination. During the first half of the XIV Century, the Catalan-Aragonese concentrated their efforts on Sardinia but found it hard to impose their rule on Corsica, where the Commune of Genoa already had many strongholds. Corsicans, caught in the midst of this conflict opposing two great Mediterranean powers, were careful not to choose sides hastily. The lords of the island first made alliances with those rival suzerains, in an attempt to favour their own seigneuries. The situation changed radically after 1358, when the Corsican peoples rebelled against their lords and obtained the help of the Commune of Genoa, which then took the control of Northern Corsica, now “Terra del Commune”.Rejecting this popular – and Genovese- legitimacy, some “Cinarchesi” barons succeeded in reconquering their Southern seigneuries, with the help of the King of Aragon, the enemy of Genoa and lawful suzerain. This changed the very nature of the Aragonese alliance – initially meant as a diplomatic covenant between two foreign powers, it now became a major issue inside Corsican society. Corsican lords, such as Arrigo della Rocca or Vincentellod’Istria, emerged as leaders of a royalist party, opposed to Genoa and benefitting from the help of the Crown of Aragon. For them, the alliance was also an asset in their own plan to turn Corsica into one single seigneury. The island became the scene of many a clash between competitive political agendas, in which each player – both local and foreign, tried to assert its claim to rule Corsica.Studying the ties formed between Corsicans and the Crown of Aragon from the XIII Century to the XV Century amounts to analyzing the situation from two perspectives – a Mediterranean one, which comprehends Corsica in the vast conflict between Genoa and Aragon and aims to understand the nature of the political plan of the Crown of Aragon as regarded Corsica, and a local one, which focuses on the extent to which Corsicans absorbed the Aragonese reality. The latter perspective highlights the specificities and evolutions of Corsican political culture and, in particular, issues such as the legitimacy of power and its representation.My research is, for the most part, based on documents from theArchivo de la Corona de Aragón in Barcelona, so far hardly exploited as regards Corsica, and in particular on the registers of the Cancilleria Real. Aragonese sources are confronted with Corsican, Italian and Catalan chronicles, as well as with the documents from the Archivio di Stato di Genova, in order to present as many different perspectives and axes of study as possible
Bruley, Yves. "Le Quai d’Orsay sous le Second Empire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040165.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is not a history of Napoleon III’s foreign policy. It concerns the history of the French Foreign Office, including its diplomatic action. The first part shows how continuity in structure, staff and way of life reflect the predominance of the classical model. In the second section, the role undertaken by the Quai d’Orsay is analysed : it was more important than has usually been alleged. The Diplomats implicated in Policy that lead to the Congrès de Paris (1856) demonstrate initiative, drive and vision. The Italian file and then German affairs deeply divide the diplomatic staff, but does not undermine their unfaltering opinion concerning the importance of French power. The third part describes how this classical diplomacy is opened to modernity, through the endeavour to develop French influence around the world and the expansion of economic diplomacy. However in the last years of Napoleon III’s reign, the Quai d’Orsay is suffering from political problems – whereas Bismarck is calling into question the principles of classical diplomacy
Doppler-Speranza, François. "Civils et militaires : les aspects culturels de la présence américaine en France, 1944-1967." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAC028.
Full textOur thesis aims to examine the promotion of the American military presence in France from 1944 to 1967. After World War II, as the world was slowly drifting into the Cold War, the outcome of the political and ideological confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union was still uncertain. In 1949, France took part in the foundation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Its participation in NATO led to the return of US soldiers, the GIs, to French territory. Their return was accompanied by an unprecedented cultural policy, implemented both at the institutional level and in the day-to-day lives of French citizens. How and why did the diplomatic circles and the military establishment feel the need to develop a strategy to promote the US military presence in France? How were the advertisement campaigns conceived by the US information services in France (USIS-France) in order to develop a relationship between civilians and the military? What image did the French and the Americans have of this military presence on French soil? Based on journalistic, archival and field studies, our work shows that Washington’s cultural policy was “parabellicist,” aiming deliberately to keep both the French and the Americans on a war footing. This notion, derived from Jacques Ayencourt’s work in 1946, appropriately characterizes American cultural policy conduct from the arrival of the first GIs in 1944 until the last battalions departed in 1967
Guérinot-Nawrocki, Sophie. "Les réseaux d’information et la circulation des nouvelles autour de l’exil de Marie de Médicis (1631-1642)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040088.
Full textIn 1631, Mary de’ Médici (1573-1642), queen mother of the French king, opposed to Richelieu’s government, precipitately leaves the kingdom to find shelter at the court of Brussels. Until her death in 1642, she never succeeds, in spite of many attempts, to be allowed to come back to France. She lives in the Spanish Netherlands from 1631 to 1639. Then, after a short passage through the United Provinces, she stays in London until 1641, to move out again to Cologne, where she finally dies. Whereas the Thirty Years War tears Europe to pieces, Mary de’ Médici weaves bonds not only with foreign princes, but also with other French banned emigrants, such as Gaston of Orleans or the duchess of Chevreuse. The study of this outstanding situation reveals official or secret networks, which are built up and undone around those emigrants. The making and good working of those networks are ensured by a pool of ambassadors, courtiers, servants, who have various profiles and follow different purposes. By rebuilding the individual stories of these men, we can disclose the organic logic of this complex and moving party, in which the news arise and flow. We try to provide an analysis from the point of view of the material support and routing of information, but also according to its content, which may vary following the peculiar circumstances and political issues. The circulation and changes of the news affect the diplomatic deeds in a way that must be investigated and explained. Moreover, information, as a mirror of political thoughts, is reflecting codes, symbols, representations and behaviors. Therefore, the setting and showing of information can be seen as a significant matter for political studies
Mallet, Damien. ""Ce pays de Cocagne où les choses changent si souvent". Le regard de Pierre des Noyers, secrétaire de la reine Louise-Marie, sur la Pologne de son temps (1645-1693)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30062.
Full textThis work is a systematic study of Pierre des Noyers’ correspondence, analysed and contextualized with the aim to understand at the same time the secretary’s considerations about Poland but mostly their evolution decade after decade. Such study allows us to find numerous references to Polish thinkers of the time and assess the general quality of his knowledge about his new motherland. Far from being just a secretary for Louise-Marie, Pierre des Noyers becomes year after year a true agent at the service of the queen as well as France, who links both courts thanks to an intense epistolary activity, all while being strongly influenced by the Polish nobility’s mentality, especially their desire for liberty. The first part is a study on Poland in 1645, at the time when Pierre des Noyers settles in Warsaw : its geography, institutions and the nobility’s ideology. Here are summarized constraints encountered by the queen Louise-Marie while pursuing her political ageda as well as the mental universe in which Pierre des Noyers slowly blends in. The second part deals with the queen’s entourage, especially between 1660 and 1667, according to her secretary’s correspondence. This representation is of crucial importance because this is the picture that France gets about the queen’s political party, which in turn greatly influences France’s actions and instructions sent to their ambassadors. The last part is about Pierre des Noyers himself; especially his various interests and his role after Louise-Marie’s death. Thanks to the general confidence he inspires among the queen’s partisans, Pierre des Noyers becomes one of their main channel of expression and influence in France
Coquet, Edouard. "La France coloniale et l’Église : remises en cause d’une alliance ambiguë, de 1918 au début des années 1930." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL065.
Full textDuring the 1920s, France and the Holy See resumed diplomatic relations that soon came up against difficulties owing to fundamental misunderstandings about the relationships between political and religious spheres. The government sought to maintain control over religious issues and to use Catholicism so as to serve French influence abroad. For its part, the Holy See claimed complete autonomy in religious matters. This is clearly observed as far as territories belonging to the French colonial empire or under French influence—which were the main preoccupation to France-Holy See relations—are concerned. Secular laws generally didn’t apply to these territories. Church-State relations overseas remained very close, especially in areas where French authority was challenged (North Africa, Middle Est, Rhineland). In the missionaries’ minds, religious commitment was inextricably linked to the support of French expansion; however, the missionaries’ ideological divergences with the supporters of a secular and republican conception of colonization led to conflicts with colonial authorities. After World War I, the Holy See attempted to enforce deeply renewed missionary strategies, aiming both at centralizing and asserting the Churches’ local identity. These measures—particularly the promotion of native clergy, which was the keystone of the Roman strategy—led to hostility from the colonial administration and a number of missionaries. Rome sought to lead the missions to emancipate from European powers and to break the alliance between mission and colonization
Frisani, Marcella. "Le livre et le drapeau. Le marché de circulation internationale des oeuvres comme construction symbolique : une sociohistoire, entre Paris et Londres." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0187.
Full textThe construction of a global translation market is not just an economic fact, but also a symbolic act. In order to understand this, we have investigated the genesis and the institutionalisation of "translation" as a category worth of a legitimate public intervention. Firstly, based on archival evidence, the thesis maps the social space of problematisation of "the book" and of its modes of international circulation, by looking at how French publishers, diplomats, bureaucrats and experts get involved in this process. Secondly, based on 103 in depth semi-directive interviews, it then investigates the institutional construction of a local space of proximity, between Paris and London, between two publishing markets and between two conflicting ethos, whilst highlighting "street-level bureaucrats"work practices.Finally, the thesis explores the possibility of a European translation market as a symbolic construction
Rubio, Rostom Clémentine. "Une langue en mission : histoire des politiques linguistiques et didactiques françaises en Palestine." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR2008/document.
Full textBased upon the interpretation of diplomatic archives, this doctoral thesis presents an understanding of the history of French language teaching in Palestine, from the diplomatic point of view. It aims at studying the political and symbolical goals guiding the evolution of the French teaching network. At the crossroads of issues common to the fields of French as a second language and sociolinguistics, it will focus on the conceptions of language and of alterity underlying the French language spread policy. The thesis also seeks to characterize language planning policy in a specific territory: Palestine. Those questions allow us to formulate the hypothesis of continuity in the type of relationships established through French language teaching and to put in perspective the spreading policy with an appropriation policy
Maurin, Olivier. "La Hongrie et les Pays Bas méridionaux durant la guerre de Succession d'Espagne : les ambitions de la diplomatie française." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30051/document.
Full textAt the beginning of the 18th century, Hungary and the Southern Netherlands are coveted by the French diplomacy. Those peripheral provinces of The Habsburg Empire oppose the centralization policy lead by Madrid and Vienna. In order to realize his dynastic ambitions, Louis XIV uses this context to destabilize these territories during the War of the Spanish Succession triggered by the death of the last Habsburg King of Spain, Charles II, the first November 1700. Louis XIV mobilizes his army and his ambassadors in the continuity of the foreign alliances « Alliance de revers » that have been conducted during centuries. The marquis des Alleurs and the president Pierre Rouillé de Marbeuf, agents of Louis XIV, half spy, half ambassadors, are respectively send in Hungary nearby the rebel prince François Rakoczi and in the Southern Netherlands nearby the general governor of the province and Elector of Bavaria, Maximilien-Emmanuel de Wittelsbach. Far from the din of the battlefield of the Spanish Succession, another war hardens. The battle for information’s became the first preoccupation of European courts. The confidentiality of the epistolary correspondences is a crucial object of attention. The purpose of this study is to define the framework of the French ambitions in Hungary and the Southern Netherlands at the beginning of the 18th century. The « alliance de revers » and military moves during the War of the Spanish Succession replace those two European countries at the heart of dynastic, diplomatic and military conflicts opposing the Bourbon’s and the Habsburg’s for European hegemony
Chaffenet, Paul. "Aristocratie et communautés religieuses aux marges septentrionales du royaume de France (fin IXe - début XIIe siècles) : le cas du diocèse de Noyon." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/251748.
Full textIn the north of the kingdom of France and more particularly in mediaeval Picardy, the history of the diocese of Noyon, apprehended from the point of view of the relations between aristocracy and religious communities from the end of the 9th to the beginning of the 12th centuries, reveals a relative documentary exception :in Vermandois as in Noyonnais, a certain profusion of sources (essentially diplomatic) allows a refined understanding of the place of the abbeys and chapters in the manifestation of secular religious policies. The same sources require special but not exclusive attention to the comital and episcopal policies in this area. However, for the whole period chosen, the latter were too often perceived as structured and linear blocks. It is necessary to overcome these impressions of homogeneity and immobility by showing the diversity and evolution of the reciprocal influences uniting on the one hand the religious communities, on the other hand the counts of Vermandois and the bishops of Noyon. While the churches of the studied diocese have been regarded as key places of expression of the fidelity of the second-rate aristocracy towards the high princely powers, we must also question the religious behavior of all the powerful (especially castellan) in order to show how they demonstrate individualized attitudes and contribute to drawing the contours of local authorities. In other words, the relations between aristocrats and religious communities, studied both in their material and spiritual aspects, are part of political societies polarized by the prince, whether the latter is bishop of Noyon, count of Vermandois or even castellan ?
Doctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Blair, Scott G. "La France et le pacte de la Société des Nations : le rôle du gouvernement français dans l'élaboration du pacte de la Société des Nations, 1914-1919." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010529.
Full textSufficient historical attention has not been paid to the role of the French governement in the elaboration and drafting, between 1914 and 1919, of the covenant of the league of nations. This role was one of reticence and ambivalence. On one hand, no wartime government gave active, unconditional or persuasive support for the idea of creating a league in order to guarantee french security and international peace on the other hand, for diverse political reasons, each government quietly pursued the league idea, particularly those of Ribot and Clemenceau. A committee, directed by leon bourgeois, was created in 1917 to drait a plan reflecting the french viewpoint of an effective league. This ambivalence, along with the divergent views between the french and anglo-american conceptions of the league, as well as with the poor and distrustful relations between clemenceau and bourgeois, and later btween bourgeois and wilson, all weakened french league diplomacy during the paris peace conference. This permitted the form ation of a secret, anglo-american front that was able to impose and win international acceptance of the final league covenant-a document in which the french had little input and even less confidence
Varlan, Olivier. "Armand-Louis de Caulaincourt, duc de Vicenze (1773-1827). Étude d’une carrière diplomatique sous le Premier Empire, de la cour de Napoléon au ministère des Relations extérieures." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040252.
Full textA cavalry officer born into Picardy's landed gentry, Armand de Caulaincourt rose rapidly through the ranks of the consular, and later the imperial court, to become in 1804 Grand Squire of the Empire. However, notwithstanding the importance of his curial functions, Napoleon destined him to a diplomatic career. After several missions, he was appointed as Ambassador of France to Russia (1807). Caulaincourt took part in all the major negotiations between France and Russia, but was forced to witness a slow breakdown in relations between the two Empires. At the time of his return to Paris in 1811, his political accomplishments were unimpressive. His stalwart defense of Tsar Alexander, and especially his opposition to the upcoming military campaign, were an irritation to Napoleon. Nevertheless, these stances allowed him to gain new stature after the disaster in Russia : in the eyes of his contemporaries, he became the “Peacemaker”, an image Napoleon used to his advantage by appointing him his representative at the congresses in Prague (1813) and in Châtillon (1814). The Duke of Vicenza, now Minister for Foreign Affairs, could not, however, broker an agreement in favour of peace : he was forced to negotiate Napoleon's abdication and to give up any hope of political career after the Hundred Days. This study, based on Caulaincourt's personal records and famous Memoirs, aims at restoring a major figure of the First French Empire to his due importance, while focusing on his action and thought in the field of diplomacy. The exemplary value of his career should also allow historians to reconsider and reevaluate the role of Napoleon's diplomatic personnel
Pereira, Marcio Rodrigues. "La politique culturelle française du Brésil de 1945 à 1970 : institutions, acteurs, moyens et enjeux." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG001/document.
Full textIn the context of heightened disputes among European empires, France launches its international cultural policy during the last quarter of the 19th century to preserve its empire and increase its political and economic power in the world. However, it is from the last year of World War II that the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs uses a more pragmatic policy for international cultural affairs, which includes an increasing budget, to influence French culture in the world. At the Quai d’Orsay, and in Brazil, the French diplomatic effort between 1945 and the 1970s results in established strategies to extend the French cultural presence throughout the national territory and all social groups of Brazil. Before the war, French cultural elements are disproportionately concentrated in the axis Rio de Janeiro–São Paulo; before 1945, French culture influences mostly the Brazilian elite