Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Diplomatie – France – 17e siècle'
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Pimenta, Oliveira de Carvalho Daniel. "Diplomatie, information et publication. Les stratégies des ambassades de la Restauration portugaise en France (1641-1649)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH141/document.
Full textThis thesis studies the relationships between diplomatic activities and the publication of books, journals, and pamphlets in the mid-17th century in the context of the initial development of Portuguese Restauration diplomacy in France. It is about examining in detail the goals, field of action, and initiatives of the new monarch’s representatives who intervene in the circulation of political information and in the world of books and typography workshops, giving exclusive attention to the circumstance of the first mission sent to Paris in 1641 and to some aspects of actions of the following embassies, until the return to Lisbon of the Marquis of Niza’s delegation in 1649.It will be possible, firstly, to distinguish a series of circumstances and publications prior to the arrival of the Portuguese envoys and then observe visits and contacts that they establish in France, as well as all kind of daily occupations linked to the diffusion of information, writing, and the circulation of hand-written and printed pieces. This narrower time scale will allow, in addition, investigations on the literary, rhetorical, and informational practices that were part of the editorial landscape found in France by John IV’s agents. All these studies contribute to a meticulous reading of discursive and material elements present in the publications that the embassy produced, or had hoped to incentivize, with the goal of reconstituting as much as possible the intentions of its writers and editors, or even the most immediate reflections and reactions that these publications could arouse in readers and in a substantial part of French society
Boyko, Maxim. "Jeux de rois. France et Angleterre à l'heure de l’absolutisme naissant (1610-1642)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL105.
Full textDid the pre-absolutist monarchs of the first half of the 17th century have the diplomatic apparatus corresponding to their policy and aligned with their ambitions – in other words, did they have the means to their ends? Or did they rather determine their policy based on their diplomatic apparatus? The main objective of this thesis is to examine and deepen our knowledge of the relations between France and England from the death of Henry IV in 1610 until the year 1642, marked by the death of Richelieu and the outbreak of revolution and civil war in Britain. The study of this period – a period which may both seem familiar while also remaining little studied and generally perceived through the prism of the novels of Alexandre Dumas – is not intended to be a simple chronological and event-based account of French-English political-diplomatic interactions, but ambitions to analyze both the state of the administrative structures of the diplomatic apparatus of these two pre-absolutist states and the sociology of its diplomatic actors, aiming to understand how they influenced the course of political events between the two crowns. Thus, this study aims to highlight the major feature of diplomacy in early modernity as it emerges from the study of Franco-English relations: with diplomacy still poorly structured on the administrative level and therefore lagging behind in the “modernization” of the modern pre-absolutist State instruments, it is the tool of an already intense but protean foreign policy, which builds on several channels not yet exclusive of one another, but nevertheless follows codes and very precise protocols, for which every detail is invested with political undertones. From this perspective, diplomacy can thus be seen as a set of rituals, a political “choreography” but in which paradoxically, the gestures were imposed with great precision without however being entrusted to a structured administrative apparatus. In the absence of the latter, the role of the ambassador is even more central in Franco-English Baroque diplomacy, performing the acts like the artists in a ballet or a theatrical play. In this regard, this thesis also aims to propose a socio-professional study of leading official diplomatic personnel in order to identify the composition of the diplomatic pool from which the monarchies drew in order to find candidates, to understand how future ambassadors prepared for a possible exercise of functions abroad, and to shed light on the reasons for the recruitment and choice of a particular person. What is more, this study – comparative by its inherent nature – will allow us to raise the question of the professionalization of diplomatic activity, which was at unequal levels in France and England but unfinished everywhere. Furthermore – and corresponding to an additional feature that this work aims to highlight – ambassadors did not have a monopoly on diplomatic relations. We will rather show that these relations were also the work of a multitude of other actors – not very articulated – of all ranks and kind, who flourished on both sides of the Channel, carrying out both official and unofficial missions and playing, in increasing numbers, a game in the interactions between the two crowns. Finally, in line with the elements outlined above, we will propose a renewed understanding of certain major political and strategic movements of the years 1610-1642 in light of our study of the political-diplomatic apparatus structure, based in particular on the analysis of diplomatic correspondence and private writings of the actors. Drawing on these sources, from both English and French archives as well as from powerful outside actors such as Venice, allows us to go beyond national prisms in our analysis and understanding of events, prisms whose influence nevertheless remains significant throughout the period that interests us
Saulnier, François. "La diplomatie française et la République d'Angleterre (1649-1658)." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040226.
Full textVerneuil, Christophe. "La Belgique entre la France et l'Allemagne de 1830 à 1914 : diplomatie et stratégie." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040131.
Full textThis doctoral thesis of contemporary history deals with the evolution of the relations between three European states from 1830 to 1914: Belgium, France and Prussia then German empire. How Belgium, independent from his revolution of 1830 and European treaties of 1839, fits into the European accord between the great powers during the 19th century? Belgium, from the independence, indeed during the Dutch government of the kingdom of Netherlands, is under attention of the five European great powers: the Belgian state is a master piece of European balance. Buffer-state between France and Prussia then Germany after 1871, Belgium is too the area of their political, strategic, economic and cultural rivalry: both of them search to attract Belgium to self and warp the neutrality in his favor. Many crisis draw European accord's and Belgian’s attention between 1830 and 1914: the orient's crisis of 1840, which is the first occasion for the Belgian to define their foreign policy based on a strict neutrality, the French attempts of customs union of 1842, the revolutions of 1848, the ambitions of the second empire, the war of 1870, and the tension between France and Germany from 1871 to 1914. The Belgian themselves trust international treaties of 19th April 1839 and fairness of great powers, and worry only during some European crisis, especially before the first world war
Martin, Virginie. "La diplomatie en Révolution : structures, agents, pratiques et renseignements diplomatiques : l'exemple des agents français en Italie (1789-1796)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010662.
Full textRibera, Jean-Michel. "Les ambassadeurs du roi de France auprès de Philippe II, du traité du Cateau-Cambrésis (1559) à la mort de Henri III (1589) : diplomatie et espionnage." Toulouse 2, 2004. https://acces.bibliotheque-diderot.fr/login?url=https://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/index.php?module=App&action=FrameMain&colname=ColGarnier&filename=JraMS01.
Full textDuring the thirty years of French diplomatic representation in Madrid, five Ambassadors followed each other. Those men, born into the provincial nobility are introduced to the King by relations or allied. They are experienced men who served the King in varied diplomatic negotiations and / or military campaigns. Their main mission is to preserve peace and secure the installation of Elisabeth de Valois, new Queen of Spain into the Court. Confronted with the hostility of the Spaniards, those Ambassadors do defend the policy of the kings of France and its omnipresent mother Catherine de Medicis. They rely on a really expensive informers network that leads to their debt. Spies in the foreign court, they invent all sorts of stratagems to send their messages. The letters are coded ; they duplicate the mails they sent onto different ways. The events they are confronted with (the meeting of Bayonne, the Florida affair or the conquest of Portugal) reveal their personalities, the moments of détente or tension between the two crowns
Montaubin, Pascal. "Le gouvernement de la grâce : la politique bénéficiale des Papes au XIIIe siècle dans la moitié Nord du royaume de France." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010541.
Full textPAPAL PROVISIONS OF ECCLESIASTICAL BENEFICES GIVE A NOTEWORTHY EXAMPLE OF THE CENTRALIZATION OF POWER IN THE IMPORTANT AREA OF THE NORTHERN PART OF THE FRENCH KINGDOM (32 DIOCESES SELECTED). THE XIIITH CENTURY WAS THE MAJOR TIME WHEN THE PAPACY PROGRESSIVELY SUCCEEDED IN IMPOSING TO THE CLERICAL AND NOBLE SOCIETY OF A FREE KINGDOM A RIGHT WHICH APPEARED IN THE XIITH CENTURY AND WHICH REACHED ITS PEAK WITH THE POPES OF AVIGNON. IN ORDER TO TREAT THE NUMEROUS REQUESTS OF BENEFICES COMING FROM THE WHOLE CHRISTIANITY, POPES AND THEIR CHANCERY HAD TO SET UP NEW ADMINISTRATIVE TECHNICS TO TRANSFORM THE PETITIONS IN GRANTS AND TO MAKE THEM EXECUTED AWAY. THE CREATION OF A NEW CANONICAL RIGHT STRENGTHENED THE POSSIBILITIES OF INTERVENTION AND REGULATED THE SYSTEM TO THE DETRIMENT OF THE ORDINARY PROVISORS. ROME COULD INTERFERE IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE PERSONAL OF THE DIOCESAN INSTITUTIONS, BUT SHE DID NOT TRY TO CONTROL THEM BY THIS MEAN. THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE APOSTOLICAL POWER SHOWS BIG CONTRASTS, AND THE RIGHTS OF THE LAITY WERE SAVED. THE PROSOPOGRAPHY OF A THOUSAND OF MINOR CLERKS SHOWS THE NUMEROUS KINDS OF PEOPLE PROTECTED BY POPES : THE MEMBERS OF THE ROMAN CURIA WHICH WAS MODERNISED, THE FAVOURITES OF THE CURIALISTS WHO DIVERTED A PART OF THE PAPAL POLITICS TO strengthEN THEIR OWN NEPOTISM, THE FAVOURITES OF FRENCH PRELATES, NOBLES AND KINGS WHO TRIED TO ADAPT THEMSELVES TO THE APOSTOLICAL CENTRALIZATION, THE "POOR CLERKS" AND STUDENTS WHO SEARCHED IN ROME A PROTECTION THAT THEY DID NOT FIND IN THEIR DIOCESES. THESE POLITICS BEGAN TO PROVOKE ABUSES IN THE LIFE OF THE FRENCH CHURCH, BUT THEY DID NOT MEET STRONG OPPOSITIONS, BECAUSE THE APOSTOLICAL INTERVENTIONS IN EPISCOPAL APPOINTMENTS WERE NOT NUMEROUS BEFORE THE END OF THE CENTURY
Speeckaert, Jean-Charles. "Construire une relation pacifiée. Les ministres de France à Bruxelles dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle. Pratiques et réseaux." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/256988.
Full textDoctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie
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Spitzbarth, Anne-Brigitte. "Ambassades et ambassadeurs de Philippe le Bon, troisième duc Valois de Bourgogne (1419-1467)." Lille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL30042.
Full textBy the end of the Middle Ages, Philip the Good, first peer of France and prince of the Empire ruled a State that he greatly extended. Diplomacy played a significant part in the extension. Therefore, it is necessary to wonder about vectors and actors of this diplomacy, namely, embassies and ambassadors, and to determinate the means, set up by the duke of Burgundy to execute it. These means were essentially of three types : conceptual and intellectual on the one hand, human on the other, and material. This research precisely defines the concepts of embassies and ambassadors, identifies methods and tools used by the latter, determines in which groups they were and how, wether it was possible to identify experts and carriers, and eventually, assesses what were the material, and especially financials, leverages used and devoted by the duke to the dispatch of his embassies and of his ambassadors. By studying this means, this research offers elements likely to determine the importance of diplomacy as political tool in the larger scheme set up by Philip the Good
Lloret, Sylvain. "Entre princes et marchands : les agents généraux de France à Madrid dans les interstices de la diplomatie (1702-1793)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL069.
Full textBetween 1702 and 1793, eleven men held the position of general agent of the Navy and Trade of France in Madrid. Acting without any official status, these envoys of the Secretary of State of the Navy were the centerpiece of a French informative network in Spain. Created after the advent of the Bourbon Philip V to the Spanish throne, these experts, keystone of the French consular network in the Peninsula, put their economic competence at the service of a commercial alliance between both monarchies. Their action, social surface, knowledge of Spain and discourse, helped these intermediaries seize a function with blurry outlines. Men of the shadow under the orders of the French ambassador, they acquired such a dimension that they became the true artisans of a Franco-Spanish commercial diplomacy in the eighteenth century. These go-between rise the matter of the growing interactions between trade and diplomacy. The study tends to show how these hybrid figures were perfectly in between several worlds : France and Spain on the one hand, trading and the political sphere on the other. Informants, negotiators and mediators, these agents encourage us to question the path that led from information to negotiation. Thus, what is at stake in this study is to show how these men, actors of the interconnection of the two monarchies, drew the frame for a specific dialogue which aimed to fill the interstices between the realities of the field and the more political debate between governments
May, Niels. "Cérémonial et statut : l’impact des négociations westphaliennes sur l’évolution du cérémonial diplomatique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040225.
Full textThis dissertation analyses the role of the westphalian negotiations (1643-1648) in the development of the diplomatic ceremonial in the 17th century through the examination of correspondence between diplomatic representatives and their princes. In order to better appreciate the importance of the different conflicts and their inherent logic, the study focuses on the actor’s perspective. Methodologically, the concepts utilized for understanding and describing the historical phenomenon « ceremonial » are critically analysed with respect to their implications and limits. This research suggests that an analysis solely based on the representative role of the diplomats would neglect important aspects given that the demonstration of rank is not the only motive in ceremonial conflicts. As such, the diplomats studied provoked many altercations not to confirm their prince’s status, but rather first and foremost to define and cement their own. Thus, the ceremonial of the westphalian negotiations blends the statuses of representative and represented. Furthermore, as the meanings of the signs used in the context of the ceremonial were not commonly defined, the various actors are able to interpret the events differently. In the course of the 17th century however, the ceremonial significations become more and more fixed and unified, which in turn leads to a multiplication of conflicts. This process lead to a situation where the function of the ceremonial was no longer to reveal the specific hierarchy among prince, but rather to display their adhesion to a group of Sovereigns
Albrecht-Soudier, Nadine. "La mise en place du concordat : 1801-1810." Lyon 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO33013.
Full textArpin-Gonnet, Gaëlle. "Un diplomate aux origines de la raison d'état : René de Lucinge." Lyon 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO33029.
Full textTronchet, Guillaume. "Savoirs en diplomatie : une histoire sociale et transnationale de la politique universitaire internationale de la France (années 1870 - années 1930)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010714.
Full textCriticizing the notion of "cultural diplomacy" spread by the Foreign Affairs Departments of European countries and of the United States, this thesis focuses on the unknown history of the French "academic diplomacy". This international and transnational action was built by the universities of the French Third Republic in order to attract foreign students and academics, and to export the French knowledges abroad. It was born between the late l 870s and the mid l 900s, at the intersection of social and economical dynamics, that the dissertation analyses at different scales (local, national, global) with the tools of history and sociology. In the l 900s and 1910s, under the influence of some members of Parliament and some academic networks like the Office national des universités et écoles françaises, ONUEF), this sector was gradually invested by State and placed under the control of the French Ministry of Education and its new international academic policy. The Great War reinforced the weight of the interstate et political logics. In the 1920s and 1930s, actors of academic diplomacy were increasingly in competition with the new actors of cultural diplomacy, related to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Without success, they tried to preserve their autonomy, but the international academic policy of France was gradually integrated into the cultural diplomacy area. The loss of academic autonomy is the central question of the thesis
Avignon, Mathieu d'. "Samuel de Champlain et les alliances franco-amérindiennes : une diplomatie interculturelle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60627.pdf.
Full textBudeeb, Zeddan. "Les relations diplomatiques entre la régence de Tripoli et la France (1711-1832)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10048.
Full textContacts have existed between europe and tripoli for several centuries. As to relations with france, it is not until the 17th century that tripoli signed their first treaty. In effect stable and peaceful relations were only established between the two countries after the repeated presence of french squadrons off the coast of tripoli and the occurence of bombardements. France nominated its' first consul in 1630 in order to survey its' national and commercial interests. The consul was to progressively gain the status of a fully diplomatic agent. Relations between france and tripoli did not necessarily run parallel to its' relations with constantinople especially after the coming to power of karamanly in 1711. Between this time and 1835, tripoli benefitted from a nearly total independance. Tripoli was able to impose its' own policies and negotiate commercial and peace treaties with foreign powers, opening up to the outside world, independantly of the ottoman empire. While relations between france and tripoli experienced difficulties under ahmad pacha, founder of the dynasty, they improved significantly under yusuf pacha from 1795. France's politics toward tripoli remained unchanged under the revolution and the empire. Despite the conflicts and the wars between the european nations, diplomatic relations between france and the regency of tripoli, were unaltered. Through its' counsuls in tripoli france had a significant influence on the region. During this tims english consuls established strong competition allowing england to gain. .
Micallef, Fabrice. "L' Europe des possibles : crises et compétitions politiques pendant les "Affaires de Provence" (vers 1580-1610)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010574.
Full textBlum, Anna. "« Les sages ialousies ». La diplomatie française en Italie à l’époque de Richelieu et Mazarin (1635-1659)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040149.
Full textThis doctoral thesis studies France’s diplomacy in Italy between 1635 and 1659, that is, during the French period of the Thirty Years war and the Franco-Spanish war. The governments of Richelieu and Mazarin survey the peninsular events and ventures with great attention. Italy is not seen as an ensemble of separate states, but as a single geopolitical entity. The first part of this work follows the military and political vicissitudes of the French presence in Italy. The war against Spain and the shaping of new diplomatic alliances in Italy are the constant source of preoccupation for the French representatives in the peninsula. In this context, however, several Italian crises come to add their own logic to the endeavours of the two opposing Crowns. The civil war in Piedmont, the war of Castro and the revolt of Naples are major episodes in which the French interfere notwithstanding the reluctance of the Italian princes. In the second part, the general practices used in the negotiations of the time are considered. The status of written messages, the characteristics of the diplomatic language and the difficulties sending letters from one court to another are brought up. The family links and clientele relations in which the diplomats are engaged form an essential element to the understanding of the careers of the individual negotiators. Far from concerning only a small circle of persons, diplomacy involves a number of different types of personage in both the French and Italian courts: information flow must be guaranteed as well as the payment of pensions and other remunerations. Finally, the Italian princes and their Houses are also studied. Between the promises and threats by the Crowns, the princes’ choices are made in function of a complex and variable set of factors
Guérinot-Nawrocki, Sophie. "Les réseaux d’information et la circulation des nouvelles autour de l’exil de Marie de Médicis (1631-1642)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040088.
Full textIn 1631, Mary de’ Médici (1573-1642), queen mother of the French king, opposed to Richelieu’s government, precipitately leaves the kingdom to find shelter at the court of Brussels. Until her death in 1642, she never succeeds, in spite of many attempts, to be allowed to come back to France. She lives in the Spanish Netherlands from 1631 to 1639. Then, after a short passage through the United Provinces, she stays in London until 1641, to move out again to Cologne, where she finally dies. Whereas the Thirty Years War tears Europe to pieces, Mary de’ Médici weaves bonds not only with foreign princes, but also with other French banned emigrants, such as Gaston of Orleans or the duchess of Chevreuse. The study of this outstanding situation reveals official or secret networks, which are built up and undone around those emigrants. The making and good working of those networks are ensured by a pool of ambassadors, courtiers, servants, who have various profiles and follow different purposes. By rebuilding the individual stories of these men, we can disclose the organic logic of this complex and moving party, in which the news arise and flow. We try to provide an analysis from the point of view of the material support and routing of information, but also according to its content, which may vary following the peculiar circumstances and political issues. The circulation and changes of the news affect the diplomatic deeds in a way that must be investigated and explained. Moreover, information, as a mirror of political thoughts, is reflecting codes, symbols, representations and behaviors. Therefore, the setting and showing of information can be seen as a significant matter for political studies
Haan, Bertrand. "Les relations diplomatiques entre Charles Quint, Philippe II et la France au temps de la paix du Cateau-Cambrésis (1555-1570) : l'expérience de l'"amitié"." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS009S.
Full textThe main purpose of this thesis is to contribute to a new definition of the nature of relationship between sovereigns during Modern Europe – usually considered as contemporary international relationship – through study of forms taken by diplomatic alliances. One term refers to links between princes when they are allied : “friendship”. A thorough analysis of language and political practice, based on diplomatic letters, is the best way to show all the aspects of this notion. When pragmatism gets first, a practical study was prefered to a purely theorical approach, considering reconciliation, then alliance during a decade between sovereigns who appear as out-and-out rivals, the Kings of Spain of France. As it appears in the middle of the 16th century, the friendship link is strongly familial and personal, which needs a permanently renewed engagement. “Friendship” has also its own rules. It supposes feelings must appear sincere and its engagement, honoured, as it is founded on a principle of reciprocity. Advising, giving information, affording military help, commiting no frontly hostile act, these are evidences mainly given by the two allies for they will to preserve the special relationship during the 1560’. In the end, “friendship” opens way to realizing ideals of medieval and modern Christendom : instauring global peace and restauring unity of faithThough it has a virtually limited impact and can’t exist without any interest of both parts, “friendship” between princes, in its principle, in a subtle but fundamental way is not an alliance between States
Gellard, Matthieu. "Une reine épistolaire. Les usages de la lettre et leurs effets dans l’action diplomatique de Catherine de Médicis, 1559 1589." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040176.
Full textHistorians have always been interested by Catherine de Medici but no research has even been produced on a central aspect of her action: diplomacy. Yet, she has written an enormous amount of letters from the accession to the throne of her son François II in 1559 to her own death in 1589 and we still have 5 958 letters from a correspondence that has never weakened during three decades. Among them, we can find 2 454 foreign letters, that forms a central object to understand the foreign policy decided by the Queen Mother. Yet, during this work, the letters written by Catherine de Medici to the French ambassadors and the replies she received from them has mainly been considered as an historical object more than a testimony of diplomatic negotiations. Therefore, the interest has been focused on epistolarity as a means of government in a time when distance between actors makes the letter to be the only link between them
Sénié, Jean. "Entre l'aigle, les Lys et la tiare : les relations des cardinaux d'Este avec le royaume de France (environ 1530 - environ 1590), entre diplomatie et affirmation de soi." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL128.
Full textMy research focuses on the d’Este cardinals’ diplomatic and religious actions and on their role as mediators between Italy and France. My objective is to uncover the geopolitical foundations of their actions whilst highlighting the different scales thereof. The territorial emprise of the d’Este cardinals is actually revealed by the existence of Italian and French relays. I study the presence of Ippolito II and Luigi d’Este both in terms of their material presence and their participation in the political stakes of the time. This research combines multiple forms of historiography. First, it develops the existing knowledge of the cardinals’ sociology in the sixteenth century. It then considers contributions from the history of international relations and how they pertain to the roles of the two d’Este cardinals as supporters of the French crown in Rome and pontifical mediators in the French court and studies their methods. I conclude by analysing Christian humanism as conceptualised by Erasmus to see whether it constitutes a guideline for their religious conduct. By examining their modus operandi on the international scene, this thesis argues that a Catholic identity is emerging which is not heterodox, but rather which fits into the strictest denominational orthodoxy. Nevertheless, crossing the mountains leads to readjustments in manners of expressing and representing the Catholic faith
Champion, Émilie. "Le Maréchal-duc de Richelieu : un homme de pouvoir et de guerre, au siècle des Lumières." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30026.
Full textLouis-François-Armand of Vignerot du Plessis, marshal of France, duke of Richelieu in 1715. Almost forgotten by history of France, he is especially famous for his numerous scandals, his love of the women. It is not a question of accomplishing a simple biography of this man but much more of studying the several subjects procreated by this figure. The son of great-nephew of the famous cardinal Richelieu, he is first of all a member of the high French nobility of this end of the XVIIth century up to the end of XVIIIth century. His existence is therefore the image of life, habits and usages, of the nobility. Man of paradoxes, anchored well in his century, libertine, born in 1696 he remains however profoundly marked by the previous, Louis XIV’s reign, the godson of whom he is. Protector of the arts he hasn’t in his library the writings of the Enlighment philosophers, except these written by his friend Voltaire. Finally, the man called by his contemporaries “French Alcibiades", close and intimate friend of the king Louis XV, is a model sycophant, the perfect gentleman of courtyard. The military activities taking a big part of his life, he is also a great warrior, fine strategist, whose qualities are too often eclipsed by his numerous scandals. He participates in different conflicts which shell throughout the XVIIIth century. Serving honestly during the Polish succession war (1733 – 1738), the duke of Richelieu displays all his military talents in 1745 at the battle of Fontenoy and even more in 1756 (siege of Minorca). He rose to the rank of marshal of France in 1748 becoming, above all, a great figure of the French military history. Finally all his summarily mentioned qualities, shaping such a particular personality, turn out to be very useful in his last function of governor of Guyenne he was given in 1755. This new mission demands all his intelligence, charisma and skills, for showing in turn his authority and firmness but also a diplomacy, which has not been strange for him as former ambassador in Vienna (1725 - 1729) and in Dresden (1747). It’s very much interesting to observe how the duke’s personality influenced the governed province. He ends his well filled life in 1788 having lived almost all XVIII century
Colombani, Philippe. "Les corses et la couronne d’Aragon fin XIIIe- milieu XVe siècle. Projets politiques et affrontement des légitimités." Thesis, Corte, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CORT0012/document.
Full textThe claims of the Crown of Aragon on Corsica go back to 1297, the year Pope Boniface VIII, eager to form an alliance with King James II of Aragon, bestowed on him the opportunely-created Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica. It was for the King to turn this theoretical allegiance into an effective domination. During the first half of the XIV Century, the Catalan-Aragonese concentrated their efforts on Sardinia but found it hard to impose their rule on Corsica, where the Commune of Genoa already had many strongholds. Corsicans, caught in the midst of this conflict opposing two great Mediterranean powers, were careful not to choose sides hastily. The lords of the island first made alliances with those rival suzerains, in an attempt to favour their own seigneuries. The situation changed radically after 1358, when the Corsican peoples rebelled against their lords and obtained the help of the Commune of Genoa, which then took the control of Northern Corsica, now “Terra del Commune”.Rejecting this popular – and Genovese- legitimacy, some “Cinarchesi” barons succeeded in reconquering their Southern seigneuries, with the help of the King of Aragon, the enemy of Genoa and lawful suzerain. This changed the very nature of the Aragonese alliance – initially meant as a diplomatic covenant between two foreign powers, it now became a major issue inside Corsican society. Corsican lords, such as Arrigo della Rocca or Vincentellod’Istria, emerged as leaders of a royalist party, opposed to Genoa and benefitting from the help of the Crown of Aragon. For them, the alliance was also an asset in their own plan to turn Corsica into one single seigneury. The island became the scene of many a clash between competitive political agendas, in which each player – both local and foreign, tried to assert its claim to rule Corsica.Studying the ties formed between Corsicans and the Crown of Aragon from the XIII Century to the XV Century amounts to analyzing the situation from two perspectives – a Mediterranean one, which comprehends Corsica in the vast conflict between Genoa and Aragon and aims to understand the nature of the political plan of the Crown of Aragon as regarded Corsica, and a local one, which focuses on the extent to which Corsicans absorbed the Aragonese reality. The latter perspective highlights the specificities and evolutions of Corsican political culture and, in particular, issues such as the legitimacy of power and its representation.My research is, for the most part, based on documents from theArchivo de la Corona de Aragón in Barcelona, so far hardly exploited as regards Corsica, and in particular on the registers of the Cancilleria Real. Aragonese sources are confronted with Corsican, Italian and Catalan chronicles, as well as with the documents from the Archivio di Stato di Genova, in order to present as many different perspectives and axes of study as possible
Bajer, Jakub. "La France face à l’élection et à la reconnaissance du roi Stanislas-Auguste (1763-1766)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV037.
Full textThe main goal of the dissertation was to present a complex diplomatic negotiations between France and other courts of South (Austria, Spain and Saxony) the day after death of Augustus III (5 X 1763), and the late acknowledgement (juin 1766) of his successor Stanislaus-Augustus, from the polish noble family of Poniatowski (elected the 7th of september 1764 as a russian candidate)
Hanotin, Guillaume. "Au service de deux rois : l’ambassadeur Amelot et l’Union des couronnes (1705-1709)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040246.
Full textThis thesis shows how in 1700 the death in Madrid of Charles II, King of Spain, followed by the ascension of the duke ofAnjou, grandson of Louis XIV, to the Spanish throne, led to a complete and complex reorganisation of the relationshipbetween the French and Spanish monarchies. After decades of rivalry, these two kingdoms with sovereigns coming from thesame lineage turned into allies. For many Europeans states, these changes in the European balance of power and thepossibility of the rebirth of an empire – similar to the one created by Charles V – for the benefit of Louis XIV was perceivedas a threat.The expression «The Two Crowns» or « the union of the Crowns of France and of Spain » was coined to describe this newrelationship bringing together two powerful kingdoms, their States, their courts and to a lesser extent their societies.The political lead of these changes was the mandate given to the French ambassador nominated by Louis XIV within hisgrandson court. Up to now, very little was known about the role played by this man Amelot de Gournay who portrayed thisambitious politics. This thesis analyses how he managed to serve simultaneously both masters, the King of France and theKing of Spain, while his delicate mission was not exempt of contradictions.The different aspects of the Two Crowns’ governance are studied through the activities developed by the ambassadorAmelot, who was one of the main players, conceiving and carrying out this politics in a time of a change of dynasty.Economics and trade activities became of crucial importance during the negotiations, playing a major role in the outburst ofthe War of the Spanish Succession, as the England and the Dutch Republic feared the possibility that France took over thecommercial relationship with North America. These activities were also part of the efforts of France to befriend Spain. Tradewould have been the backbone of the union between the two nations.In the first part, this work develops the tensions and conflicts generated by Louis XIV’s initiatives with abackground of increasing trade rivalries. During the 17th century, most of the wars led by the King of France against the Kingof Spain and the trade issue between the two kingdoms had left durable marks in both societies, which in return impacted theTwo Crowns’ implementation. In the second part, Amelot de Gournay’s leadership, networks and actions are studied in orderto highlight the practices that ruled negotiations at that time. Finally, the facts and the perception of the Two Crowns areanalysed
Leu, Stéphanie. "Les petits et les grands arrangements. L'État bilatéral : une réponse au défi quotidien de l'échange de populations : une histoire diplomatique de la migration et du droit des migrants entre France et Suisse. Organisation, acteurs et enjeux (inter)nationaux. Milieu du XIXe-1939." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0039.
Full textThrough a precise study of the bilateral relations between France and Switzerland from the 1850ies to 1939, we want here to understand how two states with opposite political and institutional systems try each to handle the status of their migrant populations who live in the other country. In this thesis we also aim at describing and analyzing the influence of the international and interstate disputes on the development of the "national state" and, more precisely, over the policies of population. Throughout this study, we are discussing a new concept : the "bilateral state". It may refer both to the process of discussions, wich concern a lot of actors on the local and national stages of the two states, and to the transnational, juridical and mental space, wich rise out of these negotiations
Allaire, Valeria. "Les images "italiennes" de François Ier entre 1515 et 1530 : l'attente, la crainte, la célébratiοn et la déceptiοn chez les hοmmes de culture de la péninsul." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC023/document.
Full textThis analysis deals with the representation of King Francis I wihthin the Italian peninsula spanning the period from 1515 to 1530. In the collective imagination, King Francis I is known as the Knight-King, the « Father and Restorer of Letters » and a Renaissance patron of the arts. He is equally remembered for his contribution to architecture, his hunting activities and amorous conquests, but also for his captivity and his alliance with the Turks. This study aims to broaden the range of King Francis I's multifaceted depictions by adopting a new Italian prespective in order to cast a new light on his representation. From the very beginning of his reign, this highly manifold monarch appears to have been haunted by the idea of dominating the peninsular political arena. The study is based on a corpus of letters written by ambassadors and papal nuncios as well as on historical and literary works. Emhphasis has been laid on several milestones in the history of Italy's relationships with its sovereign : the victory at the battle of Marignano and the King's meeting in Bolonia with Pope Leo X in 1515, the failure of the imperial election in 1519, the defeat at the Battle of the Bicocca, in 1522, and at the Battle of Pavia in 1525, as well as the Neapolitan campaigns of 1528. This thesis demonstrates that the king's image does not solely rely on his successes and defeats, but it largely depends on the changeing shifts in Italian political hopes and fears of the day. Our findings show that some of the depictions of King Francis I belie all expectations. In 1529, the king signs a treaty in Cambrai with Charles V and abandons his Italian allies to his long-lasting enemy. From that point onwards, a shift in politics occurs: the king does not wholly give up his Italian ambitions, but his representation changes, adapting to new political stakes
Maurin, Olivier. "La Hongrie et les Pays Bas méridionaux durant la guerre de Succession d'Espagne : les ambitions de la diplomatie française." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30051/document.
Full textAt the beginning of the 18th century, Hungary and the Southern Netherlands are coveted by the French diplomacy. Those peripheral provinces of The Habsburg Empire oppose the centralization policy lead by Madrid and Vienna. In order to realize his dynastic ambitions, Louis XIV uses this context to destabilize these territories during the War of the Spanish Succession triggered by the death of the last Habsburg King of Spain, Charles II, the first November 1700. Louis XIV mobilizes his army and his ambassadors in the continuity of the foreign alliances « Alliance de revers » that have been conducted during centuries. The marquis des Alleurs and the president Pierre Rouillé de Marbeuf, agents of Louis XIV, half spy, half ambassadors, are respectively send in Hungary nearby the rebel prince François Rakoczi and in the Southern Netherlands nearby the general governor of the province and Elector of Bavaria, Maximilien-Emmanuel de Wittelsbach. Far from the din of the battlefield of the Spanish Succession, another war hardens. The battle for information’s became the first preoccupation of European courts. The confidentiality of the epistolary correspondences is a crucial object of attention. The purpose of this study is to define the framework of the French ambitions in Hungary and the Southern Netherlands at the beginning of the 18th century. The « alliance de revers » and military moves during the War of the Spanish Succession replace those two European countries at the heart of dynastic, diplomatic and military conflicts opposing the Bourbon’s and the Habsburg’s for European hegemony
Coutant, Paulette. "Les Arméniennes de l'Empire ottoman à l'école de la France (1840-1914) : stratégies missionnaires et mutations d'une société traditionnelle." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0129.
Full textThroughout the study of the education of young Armenian girls, this piece of work allows light to be thrown on the cultural and social evolution of one of the minorities of the ottoman Empire, before its disappearance after the genocide of 1915. At the beginning of the 19th century, the American Protestant missionaries were pioneers in guidance of young women at the moment when the Armenian elite showed itself equally concerned about the nation's progress through education. The French Catholic Congregationallsts, present for centuries with the Eastern Christians, are trying to react to this vigorous competition. They made an appeal to nuns from the provinces of France who were capable of adapting themselves to precarious situations. To engage with the families, shape the young girl, a future mother, is to allow the implanting of catholic culture with the French tradition. The chronological framework, from 1840 to 1915, covers the whole period of presence of female missions whose actions were less studied than those of male orders. The research relies on the public archives (diplomatic and national) and above all religious from the relative orders (Ladies of Sion, Franciscaines of Lons-le-Saunier, Oblates of the Assumption, Sisters of St Joseph of the Apparition, Sisters of St Joseph of Lyon, Capucines, Brothers of Christian schools, Jesuits at Vanves and in Rome, missionary Pontifical works at Lyon), the most frequently unexploited along with the press and witnesses of the time. Pillars of the French Catholic establishments in rural areas in western Anatolia but also those of large metropolitan areas, very many Armenian women acquired a dual Franco-Armenian culture, becoming in this way the vehicles for the absorption of French knowledge and culture in the establishment, and further into the society of the Ottoman Empire which was coming to the end. Some themes of a more general view are tackled : the strategies of monks and nuns to implant themselves and last in Muslin territory faced with the restrictions of Ottoman power, the blossoming of elite young girls open to modernity. In 1920, a page was turned with the disappearance of missionary schools in Anatolia at the same time as the disappearance of Christians in this place
Antoche, Emanuel Constantin. "Guerre et diplomatie en Europe orientale au XVIIe siècle : le cas de la principauté de Moldavie (1606-1621) : édition critique de l'Histoire sommaire des choses plus mémorables advenues aux derniers troubles de Moldavie. Où sont décrites plusieurs batailles gagnées tant par les Princes Polonois, que par les Turcs, et Tartares : Ensemble l'évasion admirable du Prince Correcki des Tours noires du Grand Turc, par l'invention et assistance d'un Parisien. Composée par M. Jacques Baret Avocat en Parlement sur les mémoires de Charles de Joppecourt Gentilhomme Lorrain, qui portait les armes durant ces troubles à la suite des Princes Polonois. A Paris, chez Toussainct du Bray, MDCXX." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0170.
Full textDesenclos, Camille. "Les mots du pouvoir : la communication politique de la France dans le Saint-Empire au début de la Guerre de Trente Ans (1617-1624)." Thesis, Paris, Ecole nationale des chartes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENCP0002/document.
Full textThe concept of political communication is confronted to various definitions which seem incompatible. The political one is based onto a contemporary management of the politics which pulls the concept to the field of propaganda. The medievalist one emphasizes the orality and the symbolic of images. Some studies have been led in Germany since the 1990's and intend to grow up in France but they do not offer a definition which could apply the modern era.We would come back to the initial meaning of the political communication, i.e. to the political and diplomatic history, in order to study the foreign politics of France and its means (communication and information networks, correspondences, printed documents, etc.) and find the direction of the diplomatic action of France. In addition to a classic functional study, a thorough study of communication should allow to observe if and how a State can control such tool and in which space(s).The Holy Roman Empire at the beginning of the Thirty Years War has been chosen as object for this study. The establishment of the various protagonists and the first confrontations turn it to a rich observation field. The study focuses too on a well defined period of the french politic history: the personal practice by Pierre Brulart, viscount of Puisieux, of the office of secretary of State for Foreign Affairs between april 1617 and february 1624
Bureaux, Guillaume. "Union et désunion de la noblesse en parade. Le rôle des Pas d'armes dans l'entretien des rivalités chevaleresques entre cours princières occidentales, XVe-XVIe siècles (Anjou, Bourgogne, France, Saint-Empire)." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR142/document.
Full textAppearing in 1428 in Spain, the Pas d’Armes are a real example of the undeniable interest held by the nobility of the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance in the arts of warfare, in literature, and theater. It is in reality an evolution of the joust and tournament in which one or several knights volunteer to keep a crossroad, a door or another symbolic place. To differ from the joust, the organizers publish chapters, or letters of weapons, several months in advance. They consisted of two parts, the first one coming to place the knights defenders and aggressors in a magic and fantastic universe, the second containing rules to be followed. It is also necessary to note that the great majority of Pas place the knights in a fictional world, in particular regarding Arthurian legend, by means of chapters, present scenery around the lists and, naturally, costumes. Testimonies of transcultural contacts between the Valois ‘courts of Anjou and Burgundy and Spanish courts, the Pas d’armes are organized at courtly decisive moments like marriages, treaties of peace or just after a war, all the Pas d’armes had a common role : to highlight the unity of knighthood around the Prince and his power. On each occasion is the Prince who emerges victorious from all the entertainment organized at his court. Essentially, it is a way for the prince to dramatize his power in this “game – mimicry” where the important thing was not so much the fighting but the scenery and the highlighting of cultural, financial and military power of the court
Ortiz, Vásquez Luis Carlos. "La correspondance politique des diplomates français en Colombie : 1860-1903." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010542.
Full textGradel, Olivier. "Les relations diplomatiques entre la France et le Saint-Empire romain germanique, à l'époque des Guerres de Religion." Littoral, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DUNK0303.
Full textGontcharova, Tatiana. "La Russie vue par les diplomates français (1814-1848)." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE4001.
Full textThe main concern of this work has been to analyse the image of the Russian Empire as expressed in the political correspondence sent from Saint-Petersburg by the French ambassadors there and other members of their staff. The first part is a description of the French diplomatic and consular network in Russia. It provides a biographical dictionary of all French agents involved. The second part gives an account of the ups and downs of the political relationship between the two powers, from two different points of view: the attempt of Russia to control French internal politics; and the converging or conflicting approach of both countries in international affairs, especially in the Middle east and South Eastern Europe. The last part reflects the views of our French diplomatic observers as to the hidden realities of the dreadful mysterious empire in the East. In the end, one might understand better what made it difficult for France and Russia to be friends at the time and why they were doomed to drift away from one another in the following period
Pouget, Benoît. "« Un choc de circulations » : la marine française face au choléra en Méditerranée (1831-1856) : médecine navale, géostratégie et impérialisme sanitaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0417.
Full textCholera: “a crucial and revealing challenge, helpful to measure the bravery and intellectual value of the Navy’s physicians”. According to Jacques Leonard’s word, cholera defied the French Navy as a whole. It questioned the French naval instrument and actions beyond the mere issues of sea hygiene or the spreading of the epidemic through sailing. It was both a field issue, as well at a local level as at the individual and collective ones, and a meaningful issue in international relations. It required a constant and deep commitment from the military health service in general, and from the Navy health service in particular. It contributed to weakening the Mediterranean area in a period of reconstruction as post-1815 France intended to seize opportunities to become again a prominent member in the community of Nations through a stronger commitment in the crises that were then striking its southern part. This pro-active policy, combining military intervention and conventional diplomacy, the preservation of trading interests and the renewal of an expansionist and even imperialist policy, partly relied on the appeal to restructuring naval forces. By studying the confrontation between French naval power in the Mediterranean and the spreading of cholera from 1831 to 1856, the purpose, here, will be to understand, mainly through a naval perspective, how those successive epidemics evolved from the status of threats to public health to that of becoming an unexpected opportunity to stand a sanitary power, as two international conferences on health were to take place in Paris (1851 and 1859)
Noalhyt, Martine. "D'une homologie relative entre l'alchimie et la grande cuisine au XVIIème siècle." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H041.
Full textAfter one hundred years of silence, cooks, in France, at the end of the xviith century, had published a new culinary books. This included recipies which did not seem to conform to the same rules of composition, new ingredients were highly considered. The medieval lords cooking responded to dietetic principles inherited from galean medecine, this one, child of aristotle representation of the subject: a subtle game between the four elements and their quality organized the culinary art. Smoothness was in the centre of every alimentary composition: obtaining it meant combining work between tastes, revealing each of the qualities (hot, cold, dry, wet) of the ingredient. The decreasing prestige of the galean medecine and his corollary: dietetic bonded to the success of the paracelsan medecine (iatrochimie), introduced cooks to reconsider, unconsciousness, the rules of the conversion of the culinary substances. The paracelsan medecine had a new manner to consider the ultimate elements of the subject: earth, water, air and fire gradually disappeared to the advantage of mercury, sulphur and salt. The law of the composition who governed the reciprocal action of peripateticians elements made some for breaking open, extraction, purification and coagulation of the subject
Damiani, Loïc. "Les avocats parisiens de l'époque mazarine." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040123.
Full textThe lawyers who were registered at the bar of Paris between 1643 and 1661 formed a group of great significance within the "Parlement" (the kingdom's first court of justice). One had to study law and take the oath to become a lawyer. Several hundreds of them were practasing as lawyers, a profession that developped a structure in the middle of the seventeenth century and practice of which has evolved ever since. Their image and réputation, sometimes criticized in literature, were a permanent concern for them. They also expended a lot of effort to progress socially and attempted to take advantage of their profession as a springboard. The study of their riches and living environment show the dynamism of these families. Nurtured on classical culture they intented to find their place in the kingdom's intellectual life. They became a major group in the judicial life of the time thanks to their collections of books, that showed their will to become highly cultured, and their numerous writings. They took part entirely in the great religious, political end literary debates than ran through the France of Louis XIV
Helias-Baron, Marlène. "Recherches sur la diplomatique cistercienne au XIIe siècle : La Ferté, Pontigny, Clairvaux, Morimond." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010611.
Full textUomini, Steve. "Histoire cachée : polygraphie historique et comportements intellectuels dans la France du XVIIème siècle." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040052.
Full textThe aim of this study is a thorough analysis of a large body of French historiographical works written between 1612 and 1696. Divided into three main stages, the examination of thematic and structural characteristics of seventeenth-century narrative historiography focuses on tragic, romantic and anecdotal traditions. A series of preliminary biographical surveys is intended to collate ascertainable data pertaining to the specific professional strategies involved in historiographical-related careers. Concurrently, critical inquiry devoted to documentary procedures, referential options, epistemological presuppositions and historiological considerations is conducted as a contribution to the understanding of inherent methodological conventions substructing early modern historical narrative genre. In addition to prosopographical and diplomatological areas of investigation, an exploration of emblematic discursive presumptions underlying the deployment of formal and thetic configurations is designed to reveal operative intellectual paradigms. The exhaustive inventory of topological processes and the complete enumeration of salient locutionary features conjointly fulfill the purpose of reconstructing both implicit and recurrent behavioral indications exclusively discernible through collective representational perspectives. Finally, close inspection of the principal phases of contemporaneous literary criticism ranging from tutelary and censorial intervention to scholarly opinion, including publisher's and reader's scrutiny, accredits a reevaluation of prevalent assumptions regarding antecedent historical culture in light of hitherto unutilized source materials
Béguin, Katia. "Patrons et mécènes au Grand siècle : les princes de Condé (1630-1709)." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010685.
Full textHenri II de Bourbon initiated a fundamental evolution in the position of his lineage : the former rebel of Marie de Medicis's regency period became one of Richelieu's supports. The prince modified his clientele and saw his fortune considerably increased as well of his influence on the decisions of the monarchy. His son, the grand Conde, intended to reinforce this potential during the following regency time. But he was confronted to Mazarin's rival pretensions, the cardinal being eager to establish his own authority in the realm. This opposition changed into a mere struggle which determined the prince and his relatives to rejoin the frondeurs, nevertheless former enemies of his house. In short, the condean party was an instable and incongruous medley, which was rapidly dissolved. However, after seven years spent in the spanish army, the grand Conde renewed his ties with his father's network. This continuity was based upon self-reproduction and exclusive recruitment. The clients wanted to preserve and transmit such a profitable tradition of service. The prince and his son Henri-Jules remained very powerful, thanks to this patronage, until the end of the seventeenth century. During Colbert's policy of artistic centralization the grand Conde was still a very attractive patron of the arts, being open-minded and an active support for censored authors. He also protected his clients by defending them from judiciary and fiscal implications. In the government of burgundy, he kept diverting the tax flows, which proves his untouched ability in being a smart broker of the absolute state
Chambefort, Pierre. "Poétique du genre romanesque en France au milieu du XVIIe siècle." Lyon 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO3A002.
Full textGriffejoen-Cavatorta, Constance. "Libertinage et éthique aristocratique au XVIIe siècle." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS006S.
Full textIn the seventeenth century, many noblemen voiced the importance they attached to the liberty of mind, soul and body, through their deeds and works. Showing their voluptuous nature and celebrating the pleasures of the flesh, they freed themselves from stern morals. Displaying some distance towards religious beliefs and practices, they asserted their independence and denied the consideration due to the Altar. Fostering political opposition by their involvement in plots and conspiracies, or by fighting duels, they claimed for an ideal of rebelliousness. Libertine deeds, whether they relate to debauchery, disbelief or political rebellion, gain strength when accompanied by a libertine pen. The works written by representatives of aristocratic libertinage such as Montluc, Saint-Évremond, Bussy-Rabutin, La Fare or Chaulieu reveal a remarkable unity. These noblemen share values closely linked to their standing; composing libertine works - whether in matter or in manner – more perenially contributes to building their aristocratic ethos. Set at the heart of aristocratic libertinage, claiming for liberty thus assumes a major importance to the noblemen and their mental universe. Libertinage appears as an aspect essential to nobiliary culture and constitutes one of the most fundamental ways of expressing aristocratic identity and consciousness
Drévillon, Hervé. "Lire et écrire l'avenir : astrologie, prophéties et prédictions dans la France du XVIIème siècle (1610-1715)." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0306.
Full textIn seventeenth-century france, astrology and prophecy seem to fall into discredit in two ways : first, the science of astrology is more and more criticised by learned people, second, the astrological and prophetical literature is increasely considered as a popular one. The aim of this works is to study the link beetwen those two ways of disqualification. The scientific revolution is not an adequate ground to explain the exceptional wave of criticism shaking astrology and prophecy. This wave is rather due to the collapse of credibility of the differents kinds of astrological and prophetical books. Parody, falsification, degradation of the material aspect make the learned people turn away from these books considered as incredible and rejected by those who want books to be the indentification mark of their social condition. Considered as popular, this kind of literature also appears like dangeroux to the opinion of the reason of state fighting against superstitions, of which books are supposed to be the best medium. The discredit of astrology and prophecy is rather due to cultural, social and political reasons, than to scientific ones
Demetrescu, Calin. "Les ébénistes de la Couronne sous le règne de Louis XIV." Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE4054.
Full textThe cabinetmakers of the Crowon who worked under the reign of Louis XIV, between 1660 and 1715, fort the Garde Meuble and the Bâtiments du Roi, formed a particular group of craftsmen gathering together Catholics and Protestants. Some were Franch, born in Paris or in the provinces of the Kingdom, others were foreigners and came either from Northen Europe or from Italy. Like the French cabinetmakers, the naturalized foreigners, such as Jean Armand, Pierre Gole, Michel Campe, Alexandre-Jean Oppenordt and Domenico Cucci, enjoyed the same privileges relates to the statute of officers of the Maison du Roi. They received wages and pensions, workshops and accommodation in the Galleries of the Louvre or in the Manufacture of the Gobelins, or in other places belonging to the Crown, thus profiting from the statute of "lieux privilégiés" which allowed them to exercise their profession without undergoing the constraints of Parisian corporatism imposed by the "jurande" of the carpenters and cabinetmakers. In spite of the privileged statute of cabinetmaker of the king, they established working relationships and of socio-professional endogamy within the community of the Parisian cabinetmakers and followed the same process of training, etc. , as it appears in the study of their biographies. Reflection of the personal taste of the king, their deliveries did not exclusively mark the evolution of the royal furniture but also the one of Parisian furniture in general. They were at the origin of new inventions such the bureau à caissons, the commode or the bureau plat, of which several could here be identified and attributed
Brunner, Thomas. "Douai, une ville dans la révolution de l'écrit du XIIIe siècle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG017.
Full textHow did an urban society like the Flemish town of Douai deal with the written word in the 13th century? Up to then, archives were very rare, but at that time a documentary boom can be observed with nearly 2,200 acts of legal practice, several aldermen’s registers, accounts…The written word had become a required tool of social life, which had been changed drastically by it. Based on the experience of the “1st revolution of the written word” at the end of the 11th century, this deep socio-cultural mutation took place in two stages: one characterized by intensification, opening to lay people and to vernacular language (“2nd revolution of the writtenword”, circa 1170-1240), the other by large-scale intensification, typological diversification and social diffusion of literacy (“3rd revolution of the written word”, circa 1250-1300). Trying to take into account the various agents and users of the written word, this work focuses on the 1,300 preserved aldermen’s chirographs, of which the first stages of a total history (making, using and storing) are sketched out. Those acts of voluntary jurisdiction issued from the burgher elite had become commonplace at the end of the 13th century so as to reach social groups thought to be closed to literacy
Jettot, Stéphane. "Représenter le Roi ou la Nation ? : les membres de la Chambre des Communes au service de la diplomatie anglaise (1660-1702)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040194.
Full textAmbassadors in the Early Modern period contributed to the shaping of a new European sociability while representing competing military powers increasingly defined by distinctive national identities. Those men were their sovereign's personal envoy, but the instructions the latter would write to them coexisted with other requirements expressed by their fellow-countrymen. Hence it is worth stressing how ambassadors did interact with their own society and what their relations were with its various institutions and pressure groups. Seventeenth-century England provides a suitable case-study of the numerous interactions existing between domestic affairs and foreign policies. The Stuart Restoration in 1660 was warmly welcomed by the great majority of the social elite, but it did not solve major institutional issues such as the parliamentary role in royal diplomacy. Through a collective biography of 53 MPs employed as ambassadors on the continent, analogies as well as conflicts between the parliamentary and diplomatic representations have been exposed and discussed. In the various countries in which they resided, they had to take into account the strong mercantile interest and defend the Protestant cause in sensitive circumstances. While standing up for the nation's wishes, as expressed at Westminster, they had to satisfy their king, who relied on them to convey on the continent the peaceful image of a reconciled kingdom under a tight royal grip. "Those MPs-diplomats" tried to fit the continental adventure - including the risks and the gratifications of travelling, negotiating and the discovering of unknown societies - within the burden of their family and local responsibilities attached to their electoral mandate
Armengol-de, Laverny Sophie. "Les domestiques commensaux du Roi au XVIIe siècle." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040051.
Full textThe commensals are the domestic servants of the king and his family. In return, they get board, laundering and quite often lodging. They form a heterogeneous group since they represent the various social strata of the kingdom. They share the private life of the king, enjoy several privileges, and strike up favorable friendships at the court. The importance of their charges allows them to take a real social leap. This advantageous prospect and their love towards the master create strong links between these commensal domestics, despite their broad social differences
Montel, Glénisson Caroline. "Le rapport enseignant-enseigné dans les Relations des Jésuites de la Nouvelle-France (1632-1672)." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030140.
Full textThe Relations des Jésuites de la Nouvelle-France (1632-1672), written accounts of Jesuit missionaries' work in the seventeenth century, offer a unique perspective on the interaction between the finest contemporary language professors and the Amerindian populations of present-day Canada. This thesis analyzes the uncommon pedagogical relationship that this encounter yielded and whose references are found in the Ration studiorum, a didactic masterpiece that has been forgotten until now by historians and specialists of language and culture didactism. Through analysis of the body of these texts we bear witness to the techniques devised by the jesuits to learn the language and the culture of the Amerindian 'other" as a preliminary to their pedagogocal philosophy of communication. .