Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dioxin'
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Jansson, Stina. "Thermal formation and chlorination of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1881.
Full textDenna avhandling fokuserar på olika aspekter som kan bidra till en ökad förståelse av bildning av dioxiner och dioxin-lika föreningar i förbränningsprocesser. Även om utsläppen till luft från sopförbränningsanläggningar har minskat kraftigt tack vare effektiva rökgasreningsmetoder, så återstår problemet med mycket giftiga rökgasreningsprodukter (askor och filter), vilka klassificeras som farligt avfall. Det huvudsakliga syftet med arbetet bakom denna avhandling var att klarlägga bildnings- och kloreringsvägarna för dioxiner och dioxin-lika föreningar i temperaturintervallet 640-200°C i rökgaser från sopförbränning. Detta kan möjliggöra lösningar för ytterligare emissionsminskningar och en avgiftning av biprodukterna från avfallsförbränning, vilket minskar eller till och med eliminerar behovet av kostsam och riskfylld efterbehandling. Realistiska och välkontrollerade försök har utförts i en lab-skalereaktor där en artificiell hushållssopa har förbränts. En jämförelse av fyra olika temperatur- och uppehållstidsprofiler visade att bildning av polyklorerade dibenso-p-dioxiner (PCDD) och dibensofuraner (PCDF) sker snabbt och huvudsakligen inom temperaturintervallet 640-400°C. Bildningen var starkt beroende av en tillräckligt lång uppehållstid inom ett visst temperaturområde. En förlängd uppehållstid vid höga temperaturer (>450°C) resulterade i minskade halter av PCDD, vilka förhöll sig låga även senare i efterförbränningszonen. Isomermönstren av PCDD, PCDF och PCN (polyklorerade naftalener) visade alla tecken på att härröra från både klorfenolkondensation och kloreringsreaktioner. PCDD-mönstret visade tydliga indikationer på bildning från klorfenoler, och till mindre grad bildning via klorering. För PCDF var klorsubstitution i positioner angränsande till syrebryggan missgynnad, vilket bekräftades av multivariat modellering (O2PLS). Den variabel som starkast påverkade bildningen av PCDD var relativa fria energin (RΔGf). Modellerna visade på en distinkt gruppering av PCDD- och PCDF-kongenerna i två eller tre grupper för varje kloreringsgrad, och föreslås vara relaterad till sannolikheten för respektive kongen att bildas via klorfenolkondensation. Injektion av aromatiska kolstrukturer i rökgaskanalen gav upphov till skilda effekter. Injektion av naftalen ökade bildningen av monoklorerad naftalen medan resterande homologer inte verkade påverkas, sannolikt på grund av för kort uppehållstid för ytterligare klorering. Dibenso-p-dioxin spjälkades sannolikt till fenoliska fragment som klorerades och sedan återkondenserades till PCDD och PCDF, medan dibensofuran och fluoren kraftigt reducerade PCDD-koncentrationerna.
Ryu, Jae-Yong. "Dioxin formation on copper (II) chloride from chlorinated phenol, dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran precursors." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19050.
Full textGao, Qiuju. "Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in thermochemical conversion of biomass : formation, distribution and fingerprints." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-118861.
Full textWirsing, Johann Michael. "Toxikokinetische Betrachtungen zu 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=960376666.
Full textLindebro, Maria. "Mechanisms of regulation of dioxin receptor function /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-231-0/.
Full textHögberg, Pi. "Disruption of vitamin A metabolism by dioxin /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-608-1/.
Full textCarpi, Donatella. "Effect of dioxin on bone cell proteome." Thesis, Open University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495997.
Full textCantrell, Susannah M. "Embryotoxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9924870.
Full textGagnon, Melanie Line. "Mutagenicity and dioxin-like activity of biodiesel emissions." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27980.
Full textStinchcombe, Stefan. "Mechanismen der Dioxin-vermittelten Tumorpromotion in der Nagerleber /." Wannweil : S. Stinchcombe, 1996. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/215104293.pdf.
Full textDanielsson, Conny. "Trace analysis of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with electron capture detection." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-963.
Full textDanielsson, Conny. "Trace analysis of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with electron capture detection /." Umeå : Department of Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Umeå University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-963.
Full textTran, Thi Tuyet Hanh. "Environmental health risk assessment of dioxin in foods and the sustainability of public health interventions at severe dioxin hot spots in Vietnam." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/84905/1/Thi%20Tuyet%20Hanh_Tran_Thesis.pdf.
Full textBunge, Michael. "Dioxin-dechlorierende Bakterien in anaeroben Kulturen aus kontaminierten Flusedimenten." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974119725.
Full textTsang, Jennifer Arr, and 曾昭雅. "Dioxin contamination in soil: remediation technology and environmental management." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255644.
Full textAshley, Claire M. "Toxicology of dioxin in an invertebrate, Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana)." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283656.
Full textMaliji, Ghorban. "Immunotoxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the rat." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319022.
Full textHamilton, James A. (James Andrew). "The influence of environmental justice on the dioxin controversy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39383.
Full textThompson, Zachary John. "Statistical Estimation of Physiologically-based Pharmacokinetic Models: Identifiability, Variation, and Uncertainty with an Illustration of Chronic Exposure to Dioxin and Dioxin-like-compounds." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4241.
Full textFurness, Sebastian George Barton. "Novel mechanisms for activation of the dioxin (Aryl-hydrocarbon) receptor /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf988.pdf.
Full textPetrulis, John R. "Mechanistic studies of the interactive toxicology of dioxin-like compounds." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ35811.pdf.
Full textShoven, Heather A. "Monitoring Dioxin Levels in Maine Rivers with Semipermeable Membrane Devices." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/ShovenHA2001.pdf.
Full textKazlauskas, Arunas. "Regulation of dioxin receptor function by the Hsp90 chaperone complex /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-176-4.
Full textÖberg, Mattias U. L. "Health risk assessment of dioxin-like compounds in complex samples /." Stockholm : Karolinska inst, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-692-8.
Full textHill, Adrian James. "Embryonic and larval responses to dioxin exposure in teleost fish." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272721.
Full textYeung, Chiu Wai. "Neurotoxicological effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on cultured neurons." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2004. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/529.
Full textZhang, Qi. "The study of novel dioxin antagonist-euxanthone and its derivatives." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2003. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/507.
Full textLeblanc, Alix. "Effets d’un mélange de polluants organiques persistants sur le métabolisme hépatique." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05P629/document.
Full textEpidemiological studies have shown that exposure to certain xenobiotics is associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic diseases. Humans are exposed to mixtures of xenobiotics in a chronic and inevitable way. We studied the effects of the interaction of two xenobiotics on metabolism in the liver, the major organ for detoxification in the body. We chose two endocrine disruptors and persistent organic pollutants which activate different signaling pathways: 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which uses the AhR (Aryl hydrocarbon receptor) pathway, and α-endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, which acts via the PXR (pregnane X receptor) and/or the ER (estrogen receptor) pathway. Our aim was to determine the effects of this pollutant mixture, as compared to each pollutant alone, on the regulation in vitro of some hepatic metabolism pathways in the human hepatic cell line, HepaRG. In the first publication, a transcriptomic study of differentiated HepaRG cells was performed. The cells were exposed for 30h to 25nM TCDD, to 10 µM α-endosulfan or to the mixture. We observed that the mixture strongly inhibited the expression of some genes involved in the metabolism of glucose and alcohol. In the second study, we studied the mechanism of action of the mixture of pollutants on the metabolism of glucose. The expression of two genes involved in hepatic gluconeogenesis, glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pc), were reduced 80% by the mixture. The expression of other glucose metabolism genes (pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthase, glycogen phosphorylase, pyruvate dehydrogenase 2) also was decreased suggesting that the mixture might impact markedly carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, glucose production decreased 40% with the mixture under gluconeogenic conditions. Under glycolytic conditions, the oxidation of glucose into CO2 decreased 30% after 72h of exposure of the cells to the mixture. Long-term treatment (8 days) with lower doses (0.2 to 5 nM TCDD, 3 µM α-endosulfan) similarly decreased G6Pc and GLUT2 expression. We showed that TCDD activated the AhR pathway, and that ER was partly involved in the α-endosulfan effect. In the third part of this thesis, we studied the regulation of several enzymes involved in the metabolism of alcohol (alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH, cytochrome P450 2E1, CYP2E1) after activation of AhR. AhR agonists led to a decrease in the amounts of mRNAs for ADH1, 4, 6 and CYP2E1 and the corresponding proteins. We showed that this regulation uses the AhR genomic pathway. Furthermore, this effect was also observed after 8 days of treatment with lower doses of TCDD. Chronic exposure of individuals to low doses of xenobiotics in mixtures might significantly affect hepatic carbohydrate metabolism and be a contributing factor for the development of the metabolic syndrome
Hajizadeh, Yaghoub. "Influence of PAH, SO2 and NH3 on Dioxin Formation, and the Effectiveness of Waste Derived Activated Carbons on Control of Dioxin Emissions from Waste Incineration." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534431.
Full textGUILBOT, Kelly. "Determination of dioxins in Cretaceous strata from the South of Sweden. : Can the environmental anthropogenic pollutant dioxin be of natural origin ?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-25916.
Full textKolluri, S. K. [Verfasser]. "Search for Ah (dioxin) receptor target genes which mediate dioxin toxicity: induction of P27sup(k)ⁱsup(p)¹ cell cycle inhibitor and N-myristoyltransferase2 / S. K. Kolluri." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 1999. http://d-nb.info/1198220112/34.
Full textHerve, Jessica. "Cytochrome P4501A induction by dioxin-like compounds in avian hepatocyte cultures." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28333.
Full textLees, Michael. "Characterising the mechanism of activation of the bHLH/PAS Dioxin Receptor /." Title page, summary and contents only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl4873.pdf.
Full textWard, David Barry. "The detoxification of dioxin contaminated APC residue by energy efficient sintering." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370082.
Full textRebourcet, Diane. "Caractérisation des effets d'une exposition in utéro à la dioxine sur le système reproducteur du rat : identification de gènes cibles testiculaires : implication du récepteur AHR dans la physiologie testiculaire de la souris." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10077.
Full textMankind and wildlife are exposed chronically and at low doses to a cocktail of substances. Studies of these molecules are of major concern, as some have shown ability to interact and disrupt endocrine system. Dioxins are undesired by-products of combustion processes originating from industrial activity. Its impact on development and male reproduction has been documented in many studies. However its mechanism of action is still not clearly understood. Data described in this manuscript highlights the effect of an in utero exposure to TCDD on male reproductive function. Dioxin induced a decrease of spermatic reserve in the young adult. This defect was transitory as adult showed normal reserve. Next, we identified sensitive dioxin genes differentially expressed in testes. Beside few genes differentially expressed, we identified 2 chemokines : Ccl5, down-regulated and Cxcl4, up-regulated. Ccl5 is expressed in Leydig cells whereas Cxcl4 is found in both Leydig and Sertoli cells. This result is confirmed by an in vitro study. Dioxin impact on female reproductive function was also studied (S. Magre). As dioxin is an endocrine disruptor, we initiated the identification of common or sex-specific gene in ovaries and testis exposed in utero. To do so, we compared transcriptomic profile of these 2 tissues focusing on chemokine and cytochrome gene expression pattern. Herein is also presented the results concerning the reproductive phenotype of male knocked-out (KO) for AhR. Testicular physiology and spermatic reserve were examined and two transcriptomic analyses were achieved
Hedman, Björn. "Dioxin emissions from small-scale combustion of bio-fuel and household waste." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Chemistry, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-593.
Full textDenna avhandling behandlar rökgasutsläpp av persistenta organiska föroreningar, framförallt dioxiner, vid förbränning av fasta biobränslen och torrt hushållsavfall i relativt små anläggningar (5-600 kW) utan avancerad rökgasreningsteknik.
Samförbränning av avfall och biobränsle i effektiva mindre biobränslepannor testades som en alternativ strategi till den vanligen förekommande storskaliga hanteringen och förbränningen fast hushållsavfall. Medan storskalig förbränning av avfall ger investeringsmässiga fördelar med rökgasreningsteknik etc. kan små lokala anläggningar ha transportmässiga fördelar och möjligheter till utnyttjande av lokala biobränsletillgångar. Källsorterat, torrt, brännbart hushållsavfall insamlades från hushåll i glesbygd och samförbrändes i brikettform med energigräset rörflen i 150-600 kW biobränslepannor. Endast undantagsvis understeg dioxinemissionerna gällande gränsvärden för avfallsförbränning och nivåerna av väteklorid i rökgas översteg gränsvärdena flerfaldigt. Det bedömdes att någon form av extra rökgasrening är nödvändig för att säkerställa nivågränserna. Dioxiner hittades också i det eldade avfallet, framförallt i textilfraktionen. Dioxinmängderna i rökgaserna var oftast lägre än i det ingående bränslet.
Intermittent pelletseldning gav oväntat höga utsläpp av dioxiner med en emissionsfaktor på 28 ng(WHO-TEQ)/kg. Vedeldning i en modern miljömärkt villapanna gav betydligt lägre utsläpp av dioxiner än eldning i en gammal kombipanna och eldning med full lufttillförsel, som kan jämföras med användning av ackumulatortank, resulterade i upp till 90% minskning av utsläpp av dioxiner jämfört med eldning med reducerat lufttillskott (’pyreldning’). Eldning av plastavfall i en vedpanna gav höga utsläpp av dioxiner.
Okontrollerad förbränning av trädgårdsavfall och hushålls avfall i tunna eller som öppen eld ’bakgårdsbränning’, gav stora variationer i utsläppsnivåer som bara delvis kunde kopplas till avfallsinnehåll. Resultaten visar att denna typ av förbränning kan vara en betydande källa till dioxiner i miljön, och ett emissionsfaktorintervall på 4-72 ng (WHO-TEQ)/kg föreslås för bedömningar av utsläpp från backgårdsbränning av avfall med låga eller måttliga klorhalter.
En sammanfattande slutsats av alla försök är att dioxin utsläpp beror på komplicerade samband mellan bränsleinnehåll och förbränningsbetingelser. Bränslen med mycket höga klorhalter av ger oftast högre utsläpp av dioxiner än bränslen med låga klorhalter medan små skillnader döljs av variationer i förbränningsbetingelser.
This thesis deals with emissions of persistent organic pollutants, primarily dioxins, from the combustion of solid biofuels and dry combustible household waste in relatively small facilities, 5-600 kW, without advanced air pollution controls.
Co-combustion of waste and biofuel in effective small boilers was tested as an alternative to prevailing large-scale management and combustion strategies for handling municipal solid waste. This approach includes no advanced air pollution control systems, but offers two advantages: limiting transport and providing scope to use local biofuel resources. Source-sorted, dry, combustible household waste was collected from households in a sparsely populated area and co-combusted as briquettes together with reed canary-grass in 150-600 kW biofuel boilers. Most trials showed difficulties to meet regulative limits for the emissions of dioxins valid for incineration of MSW and the regulated limits for emissions of hydrochloric acid were exceeded manifold. It was concluded that additional flue-gas cleaning will be needed to ensure that emissions are sufficiently low. Dioxins were also found in the waste, especially in the textile fraction. The mass of dioxins in the flue-gas emissions was generally lower than the mass in the fuel input.
Intermittent combustion of wood pellets in a residential boiler resulted in an unexpectedly high dioxin emissions factor of 28 ng (WHO-TEQ)/kg fuel. Combustion of wood in a modern environmentally certified boiler yielded considerably lower dioxin emissions than combustion in an old boiler, and combustion with a full air supply, i.e. with use of heat storage tank, resulted in up to 90% reductions in dioxin emission factors compared to combustion with reduced air supply. Combustion of plastic waste in a residential wood boiler resulted in high emissions of dioxins.
Tests of uncontrolled combustion of garden and household waste in barrels or open fires, ‘backyard burnings’, resulted in emissions with large variations that could only be partly correlated to the waste constituents. The results imply that this may be an important source of dioxins in the environment and an emission factor range of 4-72 ng (WHO-TEQ)/kg is suggested for estimating emissions from backyard burnings of lightly and moderately chlorine-contaminated waste.
A summarized conclusion from all of the experiments is that predicting emission levels from waste contents is not straightforward (except that fuels with very high chlorine levels will usually result in high levels of dioxins in flue-gas emissions). Moderate differences in chlorine levels will usually be masked by the effect of variations in combustion conditions.
Lundgren, Kjell. "Properties and analysis of dioxin-like compounds in marine samples from Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-24.
Full textKümmling, Karen Elizabeth. "Dioxin and furan concentrations in Fraser River and Fraser River Estuary sediment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35904.pdf.
Full textHedman, Björn. "Dioxin emissions from small-scale combustion of bio-fuel and household waste /." Umeå : Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-593.
Full textYeager, Ronnie Lee. "Red light therapy an innovative approach to attenuating dioxin-induced embryo toxicity /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3264315.
Full textSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-05, Section: B, page: 2924. Adviser: Diane S. Henshel. "Title from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 24, 2008)."
Chu, Po-han, and 朱柏翰. "Using PCP and dioxin to induce dioxin-degrading genes expression in Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85253034491475450798.
Full text國立中山大學
生物科學系研究所
104
Pseudomonas mendocina strain NSYSU was isolated from a dioxin-contaminated soil in 2002. Previous studies showed that this strain could degrade various dioxins under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. We also found the efficiency of dioxin-degrading could be enhanced after pentachlorophenol (PCP) inducing. Preliminary studies showed that P. mendocina NSYSU might contain nine dioxin-degrading genes including dechlorination and ring-cleavage genes. Therefore in this study, we used real-time PCR to detect the expression of these dioxin-degrading genes after inducing by PCP, OCDD, and OCDF. The results showed P. mendocina NSYSU contains two ring-cleavage genes (Pmen_0474, Pmen_2526) and five dechlorination genes (Pmen_0392, Pmen_1621, Pmen_3718, Pmen_4219, Pmen_4457). The PCP induction study revealed that the expression of these 7 dioxin-degrading genes boosted 5.58 folds at 0.5~5.5 hours after inducing by 40 ppm PCP. The OCDD induction study showed that the expression of these 7 dioxin-degrading genes increased 3.69 folds at 10~14.5 hours after inducing by 0.1 ppm OCDD. For the OCDF induction study, the results showed that the expression of these 7 dioxin-degrading genes slightly increased 1.79 folds at 11~15 hours after inducing by 0.1 ppm OCDF. In summary, the expression of all these 7 dioxin-degrading genes was successfully induced by PCP, OCDD and OCDF under aerobic conditions, in which PCP performed the best induction effect.
Wang, Yao-Chih, and 王耀志. "The concentration of dioxin in eggs and blood after dioxin exposure in laying poultry." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2d2qkw.
Full text國立屏東科技大學
動物科學與畜產系所
106
Dioxin-like compounds(DLCs) is an environmental contamination object. Produced through burning process and are highly lipophilicity. It cause bioaccumulation by entering the food chain. According to researches shows that the speed of dioxin decomposition in animals will be different with races, body fat content, breast feeding and laying eggs. But the correlation level should use other measure methods to ensure. The purpose of this research is to estimate the correlation between different poultry by measuring the dioxin concentration in blood and eggs of red-feathered chickens and brown Tsaiya ducks. In this trail we use two animals. In red-feathered chickens, dioxin group was fed with the dioxin contamination feed (5.17 ng TEQ/kg diet) for 14 days and the diet was replaced by clean diet for another 28 days. In brown Tsaiya ducks, dioxin group were fed one capsule (754 pg TEQ/per) daily for 14 days. Following 14 days, the trial continued without the feeding capsules until 70 days. In this trail we use these two data to run a cross match up, in order to ensure the correlation between different poultry of dioxin accumulation in blood and eggs. The results shows that in growth performance and laying frequency, both birds in abdominal weight shows a significant decrease (P < 0.05). In the result of blood biochemistry, brown Tsaiya ducks in total protein shows a significant decrease in dioxin group (P < 0.05). In the result of dioxin accumulation in blood between both poultry shows in 27.43 pg TEQ/g fat and 30.35 pg TEQ/g fat respectively. In the results of proportion of dioxin congeners shows in both birds are 4 and 5 chlorinated congeners took the major part, means that in both birds the low chlorinated congeners in blood will took the main proportion. In the results of dioxin bioconcentration factor shows in red-feathered chickens 5 and 6 chlorinated congeners has the higher BCF, and in Brown tsaiya ducks 6 chlorinated congeners has the higher BCF. It means both poultry has different sensitiveness to dioxin congeners. In the result of dioxin accumulation in blood between both poultry shows in 13.50 pg TEQ/g fat and 50.00 pg TEQ/g fat respectively. In the results of proportion of dioxin congeners shows in chickens is 4 and 5 chlorinated congeners took the major part, but in ducks is 6 chlorinated congeners took the major part. At last is the results of dioxin clearance rate shows the clearance rate will follow the days increase with an increase. By the day of 42, most of the congeners will reach 80% of clearance rate. To sum up the results, in this trail both of the birds will occur a significant loss in abdominal fat. Brown Tsaiya ducks compares to red-feathered chicken will have a higher sensitivity in blood biochemistry. In blood chickens will have a higher bioaccumulation in 5 and 6 chlorinated congeners, ducks is 6 chlorinated congeners. In eggs chickens will have a higher bioaccumulation in 6 chlorinated congeners, ducks is 4 and 5 chlorinated congeners. And the results of dioxin clearance rate both birds shows lower level in low chlorinated congeners.
Allgeier, Sarah Hicks. "Dioxin and signaling pathways in prostate development." 2007. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
Full textGong, Xin-cheng, and 龔信誠. "Isolation and characterization of dioxin biotransformation bacteria." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94722977541780474015.
Full text國立中央大學
環境工程研究所
98
The objective of this study was to isolate the indigenous dioxin-degrading bacteria of Taiwan. Also, the characteristics of these bacteria were investigated after isolation followed by culture enrichment and strains acclimation. Three soil samples were gathered from the downstream of the announced dioxin and contamination site. The analytical results of PCDDs/PCDFs and their isomer concentration in all samples confirmed the dioxin contamination of the sampling site with the highest total toxic equivalence of 2450 ng-TEQ/kg of the contaminants. Four bacteria strains which can survive in dioxin media were isolated after sub-culture inoculation. The four strains were identified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Ralstonia mannitolilytica and Agromyces sp.. It was found that all of the strains are gram’s negative in the morphology. In addition, Ochrobactrum anthropi and Agromyces sp. demonstrated the largest configuration with length 2 μm and width 1 μm. Particularly, Agromyces sp. had closest relationship to the PCP-degrading bacterium Mycobacterium chlorophenolicum PCP-1 according to phylogenetic analysis (bootstrap value = 95). The microbial growth kinetics showed that Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Ochrobactrum anthropi had the maximum specific growth rate of 0.115 h-1. Ralstonia mannitolilytica had the smallest half-saturation constants of 43.2 mg/L, meaning least dependence of substrate. Ochrobactrum anthropi has the greatest substrate inhibition coefficient of 0.948 mg/L. However, the microbial growth tests revealed that adding extra carbon source of glucose (1000 mg/L) to the culture medium containing high dioxin concentration (10 μg/kg 2,3,7,8-TCDD) would decrease the growth inhibition. Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Agromyces sp. could degrade 2,3,7,8-TCDD at lag phase, whereas Ralstonia mannitolilytica decomposed it primarily at log phase. It was also observed that Agromyces sp. had the maximum 2,3,7,8-TCDD degradation efficiency (97%). The results of proteome analysis suggested that two primary proteome molecular weight of 40 and 50kDa for Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Ochrobactrum anthropi had changed during degradation of 2,3,7,8-TCDD. By contrast, 120 kDa proteome of Ralstonia mannitolilytica as well as 20 and 120 kDa proteome of Agromyces sp. would increase when 2,3,7,8-TCDD was degraded.
Lin, Yi-Chun, and 林奕鈞. "The Effect of Dioxin Exposure on Production Performance, Blood Biochemistry, Tissue Dioxin Distribution and Antioxidant Product of Brown Tsaiya Ducks." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z8j6ty.
Full text國立屏東科技大學
動物科學與畜產系所
105
Dioxin-like compounds are a group of toxic compounds that cannot be easily decomposed, can accumulate in the environment, and can cause bioaccumulation through the food chain. Studies on how dioxin-like compounds are metabolized in ducks have been conducted rarely. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to explore the effect of oral intake of dioxin like compounds on the production performance, blood biochemistry, dioxin bioaccumulation in tissues, and antioxidant contents in eggs and liver of Brown Tsaiya ducks. In present experiment, 50 Brown Tsaiya ducks at 25 weeks old age had been randomly assigned into control and dioxin groups. Ducks were given commercial feed 110 gram per day, water was provided ad libitum and the eggs were collected and weighed every day. In the first 14 days, ducks in the dioxin group were fed a dioxin capsule per day. At day 2, 14, 28, 42, and 70 after dioxin exposure, 5 ducks of each group were sacrificed. The liver, spleen, breast meat, thigh meat, and abdominal fat were removed and weighed. The production performance, blood biochemistry, dioxin bioaccumulation, and antioxidant contents in eggs and liver were conducted. The results showed that feed intake, laying frequency and egg weight presented non-significant difference among treatments. At whole experiment period the abdominal fat and thigh weight in dioxin group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). In dioxin group, the triglyceride concentration in blood was significantly higher than that in the control group in whole experiment period (P < 0.05). For dioxin distribution in tissues, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) was negatively correlated with the degree of chlorination. However, dioxin clearance rate was positively correlated with the degree of chlorination. The lipid peroxidation ability in liver showed that dioxin treatment did not significantly increase the TBARS content in liver than in the control group. However, in egg yolk dioxin treatment significantly increased the lipid peroxidation level (P < 0.05). The total GSH content in liver and eggs showed that dioxin treatment significantly increase the GSH content in liver, but in egg white dioxin treatment showed significantly lower the GSH content than in the control group(P < 0.05). The amount of vitamin E in egg yolk of Brown Tsaiya ducks at whole experiment period revealed significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). To sum up, after dioxin exposure, the concentration of triglyceride in sera increased, the thigh weight decreased. The lipid peroxidation capacity and antioxidant contents in liver and eggs revealed that the concentration of TBARS showed no significant difference among dioxin and control groups in liver. However, in eggs, dioxin treatment significantly affected (P < 0.05) the TRARS, total GSH content and vitamin E concentration than in the control group.
Moffat, Ivy D. "Mechanisms of Genetic Resistance To Dioxin-induced Lethality." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/11119.
Full textMarcheterre, Line. "Fate of octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in small ponds." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/28753.
Full textChang, Yu-Hsin, and 張宇欣. "The Application of SOM on Dioxin Fingerprint Matching." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11465123126965498405.
Full text國立臺灣大學
環境工程學研究所
95
Nowadays, with fast development of industry in Taiwan, dioxin pollution events take place more often. The methods usually used for identifying pollution sources are bounded, and take a lot of time to analyze the results. To find out pollution sources effectively, a dioxin fingerprint matching model based on SOM Toolbox is built in this study. The half-lives of dioxin and the scenario of multiple pollution are also considered to investigate the influence of them on dioxin fingerprints. The main advantages of SOM dioxin fingerprint matching model are as follows: a) it is able to find out the dioxin pollution sources in the short time and from the limited information; b) by using U-matrix to visualize the SOM results, no other means are needed to help analyzing the topologies; c) there is no need to transform the variables to some linear functions, so that no information would be missed; and d) because of the concept of ‘neighborhood’, the spatial information of samples are displayed well. However, when there are more than two pollution sources, and the contribution of these sources are similar, SOM can’t identify exactly which the sources are. Moreover, the decay of dioxin in air, plants and soil doesn’t have any obvious influence on fingerprints, but it is the basis for judging whether there are only one or more than two pollution sources. On the other hand, the half-lives of dioxin in water and human blood are influential on fingerprints and may cause error of identifying pollution sources. As deduced from here, dioxin decay data and residence time in media both play very important roles in affecting the changes of dioxin fingerprints. As a result, the more local and complete decay data is gained, and the more specific the transportion of dioxin is known, the more accurate the dioxin fingerprint matching will be.
Liao, Chen-yuan, and 廖振淵. "Degradation of Dioxin in Fly Ashes via Pyrolysis." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64440340148960078514.
Full text國立中央大學
環境工程研究所
98
The major fly ash sources in Taiwan include municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs), electric arc furnaces (EAFs) and secondary metal smelting processes. Because fly ashes contain high concentration of dioxin and heavy metal, they belong to hazardous waste and have to be treated before its releases. Fly ashes account for 62% of total hazardous industrial waste in Taiwan, and fly ashes are mostly treated with stabilization/solidification in Taiwan, resulting in the increase of fly ash volume. So how to efficiently lower the toxicity in fly ashes, reducing the stabilization/solidification fly ashes volume are the most important issue in Taiwan. This study is motivated to understand the fly ash characteristics and construct a pyrolysis system for degrading dioxins in the fly ashes. The fly ashes investigated in this study include municipal solid waste incinerators fly ashes, electric arc furnaces fly ashes, Waelz process fly ashes and secondary copper smelting fly ashes. The results show that the dioxin removal efficiency is higher as the reaction time gets longer or temperature gets higher. At 3 hour, 400oC, 100% nitrogen flow, the dioxin removal efficiency is 98.1% in MWI fly ashes, 26% in secondary copper smelting fly ashes, 72% in EAF fly ashes; it shows that MWI fly ash has the highest dioxin removal efficiency. The dioxin removal efficiencies do not change significantly whether the system contains the flow or not. Dioxin formation is observed when the flow contains 5% oxygen, and the secondary copper smelting fly ashes is of the highest formation. The dioxin removal efficiency achieved by adding Ca(OH)2 is higher than that of adding CaO.
Lu, Jin Rong, and 呂進榮. "Analysis of dioxin related compound in environmental samples." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67801529616294311089.
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