Journal articles: 'Dimension measurement'

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Leong, Kai'En, Henry Knipe, Simon Binny, Heather Pascoe, Nathan Better, Francesca Langenberg, Elaine Lui, and Subodh B. Joshi. "Aortic root measurement on CT: linear dimensions, aortic root area and comparison with echocardiography. A retrospective cross sectional study." British Journal of Radiology 94, no. 1121 (May 1, 2021): 20201232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20201232.

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Objective: We sought to assess the different CT aortic root measurements and determine their relationship to transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Methods: TTE and ECG-gated CT images were reviewed from 70 consecutive patients (mean age 54 ± 18 years; 67% male) with tricuspid aortic roots (trileaflet aortic valves) between Nov 2009 and Dec 2013. Three CT planes (coronal, short axis en face and three-chamber) were used for measurement of nine linear dimensions. TTE aortic root dimension was measured as per guidelines from the parasternal long axis view. Results: All CT short axis measurements of the aortic root had excellent reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC 0.96–0.99), while coronal and three-chamber planes had lower reproducibility with ICC 0.90 (95% CI 0.84–0.94) and ICC 0.92 (0.87–0.95) respectively. CT coronal and short axis maximal dimensions were systematically larger than TTE (mean 2 mm larger, p < 0.001), while CT cusp to commissure measurements were systematically smaller (CT RCC-comm mean 2 mm smaller than TTE, p < 0.001). All CT short axis measurements had excellent correlation with aortic root area with CT short axis maximal dimension marginally better than the rest (Pearson’s R 0.97). Conclusion: Systematic differences exist between CT and TTE dependent on the CT plane of measurement. All CT short axis measurements of the aortic root had excellent reproducibility and correlation with aortic root area with maximal dimension appearing marginally better than the rest. Our findings highlight the importance of specifying the chosen plane of aortic root measurement on CT. Advances in knowledge: Systematic differences in aortic root dimension exist between TTE and the various CT measurement planes. CT coronal and short axis maximal dimensions were systematically larger than TTE, while CT cusp to commissure measurements were smaller. CT readers should indicate the plane of measurement and the specific linear dimension to avoid ambiguity in follow-up and comparison.

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Gershenfeld, Neil A. "Dimension measurement on high-dimensional systems." Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 55, no. 1-2 (February 1992): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2789(92)90193-q.

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Kakirde, Shubham, Shubham Jain, Swaraj Kaondal, Reena Sonkusare, and Rita Das. "Automated Dimension Measurement System." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 10, no. 5 (June 30, 2021): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.d2399.0610521.

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In this fast-paced world, it is inevitable that the manual labor employed in industries will be replaced by their automated counterparts. There are a number of existing solutions which deal with object dimensions estimation but only a few of them are suitable for deployment in the industry. The reason being the trade-off between the cost, time for processing, accuracy and system complexity. The proposed system aims to automate the mentioned tasks with the help of a single camera and a line laser module for each conveyor belt setup using laser triangulation method to measure the height and edge detection algorithm for measuring the length and breadth of the object. The minimal use of equipment makes the system simple, power and time efficient. The proposed system has an average error of around 3% in the dimension estimation.

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Pratama, Fandy Surya, Istianah Muslim, and Muhammad Ihsan Zul. "Digitalization of Human Head Anthropometry Measurement Using Pixels Measurement Method." IJITEE (International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) 2, no. 3 (February 20, 2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijitee.43698.

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Head Anthropometry is a part of anthropometry that needed to be measured carefully. It is because human head becomes an important part that necessary to be protected. The protection aims to look after the safety of the human head. Safety factors can be achieved by designing head products. Therefore, head anthropometry data is required to make a product design Currently, data retrieval of head anthropometry is still using several measuring devices such as anthropometers, sliding callipers, spreading callipers, and tape gauges. This measurement method makes the standard deviation become higher and also take a lot of time to capture huge amounts of anthropometry data. However, the problem has been resolved by other study research with building a head dimension measurement system using digital camera. But the system still need the integration with digital camera. This study uses the IP Camera that has been integrated with the system to capture human head from the front and side. The captured image is segmented into several areas based on head dimension. Then, the image is processed using pixel measurement method by performing feature extraction on each head dimension to get the result of head dimension measurement. The result shows that calliper measurement and system measurement against ten of fourteen human head anthropometry dimensions is identical with the best distance between IP Camera and the head as far as 200 cm. This head anthropometry data is expected to make a contribution to Indonesian Ergonomics Society.

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Benaissa, Bedr-Eddine, Fedoua Lahfa, Khatir Naima, Giulio Lorenzini, Mustafa Inc, and Younes Menni. "Detection and Cooperative Communications for Deployment Sensor Networks." Traitement du Signal 38, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 555–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ts.380303.

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In a sensor network, and more specifically with a single-hop deployment policy, sensor measurements contain a lot of redundancy either in the measurement dimensions of a single sensor, or between the measurement dimensions of different sensors due to of the spatial correlation either in the temporal dimension of the measurements. The goal is to reduce this redundancy by deploying fewer sensors, while ensuring high measurement accuracy and maximizing service life. The proposed method minimizes the complexity in terms of communication and calculation and maximizes the lifetime of the network based on an aggregation and consensus system to reduce the spatio-temporal dimension of the data captured and consequently the number of sensors deployed. The results show a visible performance compared to the standard method of transmission on the free platform of the COOJA/Contiki simulator allowing to simulate network connections of wireless sensors and to interact with them.

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Bagatell, Rochelle, Kieran McHugh, Arlene Naranjo, Collin Van Ryn, Chaim Kirby, Penelope Brock, Karen A. Lyons, et al. "Assessment of Primary Site Response in Children With High-Risk Neuroblastoma: An International Multicenter Study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 7 (March 1, 2016): 740–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.63.2042.

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Purpose The International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria (INRC) require serial measurements of primary tumors in three dimensions, whereas the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) require measurement in one dimension. This study was conducted to identify the preferred method of primary tumor response assessment for use in revised INRC. Patients and Methods Patients younger than 20 years with high-risk neuroblastoma were eligible if they were diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 and if three primary tumor measurements (antero-posterior, width, cranio-caudal) were recorded at least twice before resection. Responses were defined as ≥ 30% reduction in longest dimension as per RECIST, ≥ 50% reduction in volume as per INRC, or ≥ 65% reduction in volume. Results Three-year event-free survival for all patients (N = 229) was 44% and overall survival was 58%. The sensitivity of both volume response measures (ability to detect responses in patients who survived) exceeded the sensitivity of the single dimension measure, but the specificity of all response measures (ability to identify lack of response in patients who later died) was low. In multivariable analyses, none of the response measures studied was predictive of outcome, and none was predictive of the extent of resection. Conclusion None of the methods of primary tumor response assessment was predictive of outcome. Measurement of three dimensions followed by calculation of resultant volume is more complex than measurement of a single dimension. Primary tumor response in children with high-risk neuroblastoma should therefore be evaluated in accordance with RECIST criteria, using the single longest dimension.

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Stone, Mark H. "The Cubit: A History and Measurement Commentary." Journal of Anthropology 2014 (January 30, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/489757.

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Historical dimensions for the cubit are provided by scripture and pyramid documentation. Additional dimensions from the Middle East are found in other early documents. Two major dimensions emerge from a history of the cubit. The first is the anthropological or short cubit, and the second is the architectual or long cubit. The wide geographical area and long chronological period suggest that cubit dimensions varied over time and geographic area. Greek and Roman conquests led to standardization. More recent dimensions are provided from a study by Francis Galton based upon his investigations into anthropometry. The subjects for Galton’s study and those of several other investigators lacked adequate sample descriptions for producing a satisfactory cubit/forearm dimension. This finding is not surprising given the demise of the cubit in today’s world. Contemporary dimensions from military and civilian anthropometry for the forearm and hand allow comparison to the ancient unit. Although there appears no pressing need for a forearm-hand/cubit dimension, the half-yard or half-meter unit seems a useful one that could see more application.

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Rman, Milan, Marjan Brezovšek, and Janez Stare. "The Measurement Model of Professional Operation of State Administration." Central European Public Administration Review 18, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 29–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17573/cepar.2020.2.02.

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This paper presents the study of a measurement model of professional operation of state administration. From the perspective of reliable performance of state functions, the professional operation of state administration represents one of the goals of social change. Based on theoretical-analytical findings, a measurement model of professional operation of state administration was designed. It consists of three dimensions, namely: reliability of state administration, professionalisation of the administrative profession, and competence of employees. The reliability dimension is represented by the element of legality and economic efficiency, the profession dimension is based on power, autonomy, knowledge and responsibility, and the competence dimension includes elements of leadership and ethics. The measurement model was tested in the Slovenian state administration. The results of the research confirm the connection between the three aforementioned dimensions of professional operation of state administration and, consequently, the validity of the designed model.

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OZONO, Shigeo. "Special Issue on Measurement of Large Scale Dimension. Measurement of Large Scale Dimensions." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 58, no. 5 (1992): 749–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.58.749.

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Zhang, Hongjun, Youliang Zhang, and Rui Zhang. "Dimension-Specific Efficiency Measurement Using Data Envelopment Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/247248.

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Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a powerful tool for evaluating and improving the performance of a set of decision-making units (DMUs). Empirically, there are usually many DMUs exhibiting “efficient” status in multi-input multioutput situations. However, it is not appropriate to assert that all efficient DMUs have equivalent performances. Actually, a DMU can be evaluated to be efficient as long as it performs best in a single dimension. This paper argues that an efficient DMU of a particular input-output proportion has its own specialty and may also perform poorly in some dimensions. Two DEA-based approaches are proposed to measure the dimension-specific efficiency of DMUs. One is measuring efficiency in multiplier-form by further processing the original multiplier DEA model. The other is calculating efficiency in envelopment-form by comparing with an ideal DMU. The proposed approaches are applied to 26 supermarkets in the city of Nanjing, China, which have provided new insights on efficiency for the managers.

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Krause, Merton S. "Possible Effects of Social Science Measuring and Measurements on Persons Measured and Unmeasured: Reactivity." Journal of Methods and Measurement in the Social Sciences 9, no. 1 (February 19, 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v9i1.23190.

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Believing one or persons like one are being, were, or will be measured on some social or psychological dimension and by whom may influence how one participates in being measured or otherwise lives one’s life in ways that affect one’s such measurements and their generalizability. Believing that one knows one’s own or certain others such measurements also may. Therefore the social sciences need to detect, avoid, and overcome these problems of reactivity to their measuring and measurements if they are to obtain valid measurements and generalizations from these. This requires the cooperation of the measured and so an understanding of the social psychology of measuring on such dimensions, of how persons participate in being measured on such dimensions and react to being informed about their own or some others measurements on these dimensions. These are matters that physical science measurement theory has no reason to be concerned with, is not, and so cannot properly provide a model for measurement of persons on social science dimensions.

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BEYAZ, Abdullah. "Computer vision-based dimension measurement system for olive identification." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 2328–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha48411966.

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Olive tree is an important portion of the human history of Mediterranean nations. On the other hand, local varieties are important for each producer regions and even countries. So, olive cultivars are important for agricultural production for these people. The traditional pomological identifiers of the olive trees based on fruits and leaves, also morphometric analysis of size, additionally shape elliptic analysis of endocarp. Because of this reason, in this study, for the ‘Picual’ olive cultivar identification, a fast and easy method was presented. For this aim, ‘Picual’ olive leaf, fruit, and stone dimension measurement values obtained from real-time video images. ‘Picual’ olive fruit, stone, leaf samples evaluated by using real-time computer vision measurements. Regression analysis was applied to the data which was obtained from real-time video and caliper measurements. According to the regression coefficient results, the regression between caliper length measurement (OLLM) and computer vision video length measurement (OLLCV) found as 98.9%, also the regression between caliper width measurement (OLWM) and computer vision video width measurement (OLWCV) found as 97.9% at ‘Picual’ leaves, additionally, the regression between caliper length measurement (OFLM) and computer vision video length measurement (OFLCV) found as 98.5% the regression between caliper width measurement (OFWM) and computer vision video width measurement (OFWCV) found as 98.1 % at ‘Picual’ fruits, at last, the regression between caliper length measurement (OSLM) and computer vision video length measurement (OSLCV) found as 86.2%, the regression between caliper width measurement (OSWM) and computer vision video width measurement (OSWCV) found as 75.3% at ‘Picual’ stones.

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Mizuno, Fumio. "Evaluation of total uncertainty in the dimension measurements using critical-dimension measurement scanning electron microscopes." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 16, no. 6 (November 1998): 3661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.590387.

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Kitai, Noriyuki, Yousuke Mukai, Manabu Murabayashi, Atsushi Kawabata, Kaei Washino, Masato Matsuoka, Ichirou Shimizu, and Akitoshi Katsumata. "Measurement accuracy with a new dental panoramic radiographic technique based on tomosynthesis." Angle Orthodontist 83, no. 1 (May 21, 2012): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/020412-100.1.

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Abstract Objective: To investigate measurement errors and head positioning effects on radiographs made with new dental panoramic radiograph equipment that uses tomosynthesis. Materials and Methods: Radiographic images of a simulated human head or phantom were made at standard head positions using the new dental panoramic radiograph equipment. Measurement errors were evaluated by comparing with the true values. The phantom was also radiographed at various alternative head positions. Significant differences between measurement values at standard and alternative head positions were evaluated. Magnification ratios of the dimensions at standard and alternative head positions were calculated. Results: The measurement errors were small for all dimensions. On the measurements at 4-mm displacement positions, no dimension was significantly different from the standard value, and all dimensions were within ±5% of the standard values. At 12-mm displacement positions, the magnification ratios for tooth length and mandibular ramus height were within ±5% of the standard values, but those for dental arch width, mandibular width, and mandibular body length were beyond ±5% of the standard values. Conclusions: Measurement errors on radiographs made using the new panoramic radiograph equipment were small in any direction. At 4-mm head displacement positions, no head positioning effect on the measurements was found. At 12-mm head displacement positions, the measurements for vertical dimensions were little affected by head positioning, while those for lateral and anteroposterior dimensions were strongly affected.

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O'ISHI, Tadanao. "Special Issue on Measurement of Large Scale Dimension. Length Standards for Large Scale Dimension Measurement." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 58, no. 5 (1992): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.58.751.

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Chen, Li-Pang. "Ultrahigh-dimensional sufficient dimension reduction with measurement error in covariates." Statistics & Probability Letters 168 (January 2021): 108931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spl.2020.108931.

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Russ, John C. "Fractal dimension measurement of engineering surfaces." International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 38, no. 5-6 (May 1998): 567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0890-6955(97)00103-x.

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Kerekes-Máthé, Bernadette, Krisztina Mártha, and Székely Melinda. "Intra-operator Reliability of a 2D Image Analysing Method for Tooth Dimension Measurements." Acta Medica Marisiensis 60, no. 3 (June 1, 2014): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amma-2014-0024.

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Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the intra-operator reliability of a 2D image analysis method for tooth dimension measurements. Methods: Occlusal and vestibular surfaces of teeth from ten study models were captured with a digital camera. Images were transferred on a computer and different tooth dimensions (mesio-distal, occluso-gingival, vestibulo-oral and perimeter) were measured using the Image Pro Insight software. Measurements were repeated after two weeks. Fleiss' coefficients of reliability were calculated. Results: A high degree of reliability has been established for every type of measurement: all coefficient values of reliability being not less than 0.95. Conclusions: The 2D image analyzing system is an adequate alternative for measuring tooth dimensions. All measurements were in the excellent category of reliability. The method allows precise and repeatable measurements, generating an image database as well, available for future studies.

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Sartore, R. "Linewidth measurements of metallization coated with insulator on microelectronic circuits using Energy-Dispersive Xray Analysis (EDXA)." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1690–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100133084.

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Evaluation of quality and conformance to target production specifications for microelectronic devices frequently require measurements of the feature sizes of the critical conductive elements for the circuits. Further, failure analysis dictates critical dimension measurements to trace cause of failure for device. To date, the commercial critical dimension (CD) measurement systems are based on the secondary electron (SE) imaging techniques and analysis. In a failure analysis or quality evaluation laboaratory the microelectronic circuits received are mostly already fully fabricated, with passivation and insulator layers in place. The CD measuremment systems based on SE will not give accurate results unless the top insulating layer is removed. Layer removal is a destructive process and also difficult for devices that has several metallization levels. To address the destructive analysis and layer removal problems, a CD measurement technique has been developed that uses energy dispersive x ray analysis to measure critical feature sizes under a insulating layer.

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Quijada, Yanet, and Loreto Villagrán. "Social defeat: Concept and measurement in a Hispanic population." Salud mental 44, no. 1 (February 9, 2021): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2021.003.

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Introduction. Social defeat (SD) is defined as a feeling of having lost the fight leading to a loss of valuable status or of important personal goals, and has been associated to depression and suicidal behavior, among other disorders. Furthermore, it has been proposed as a mediating variable between social and clinical elements. Objective. To adapt and validate a Spanish version of the Defeat Scale. Method. A back translation into Spanish was carried out. SD, hopelessness, and social well-being were measured in 546 university students (Mean age = 20.93 years, SD = 2.98; 68.7% females). Results. An exploratory factor analysis offered a two-dimension structure in the scale made up by the dimension defeat and triumph. A confirmatory factor analysis found good fit indicators for the two-dimension model (df = 89; χ2 = 188.96; CFI = .942; RMSEA = .061; IFI = .943). Both dimensions present good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > .70). SD was associated to higher levels of hopelessness and lower levels of social well-being. Discussion and conclusion. The Spanish version of the Defeat Scale presents good psychometric properties. Its use can help deepen the understanding of psychopathological phenomena and their link to social elements within the context of Spanish speaking countries.

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Hussain, Shafqat, and Nazia Yazdanie. "Correlation of The Vertical Dimension of Occlusion with Anthropometric Measurement of Index Finger." Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 28, no. 03 (July 15, 2019): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25301/jpda.283.108.

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LIM, P. G., S. TAN, and T. SARA AHMAD. "The Role of Wrist Anthropometric Measurement in Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 33, no. 5 (October 2008): 645–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193408093326.

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Anthropometric wrist measurement ratios were examined for an association with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Wrist measurements were recorded in 67 patients with CTS and in a matched control group of 67 healthy volunteers. The Wrist Ratio (WR) (wrist anterior to posterior dimension/wrist medial–lateral dimension) and the Wrist Palm Ratio (wrist anterior to posterior dimension/palm length) were calculated for each case. We found that a WR of ≥0.70 and a Wrist Palm Ratio of >0.342 were significantly associated with idiopathic CTS.

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Septiani, Ni Luh Putu, I. Nyoman Sudiarta, and Putu Agus Wikanatha Sagita. "EFEKTIVITAS BALI GO LIVE SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI DIGITAL PARIWISATA BALI." Jurnal IPTA 7, no. 1 (July 28, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2019.v07.i01.p02.

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The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of using Bali Go Live Channel as media promotion digital of Bali Tourism by using EPIC Model approach. Effectiveness measurement is done by obtaining value of empathy dimension, persuation dimension, impact dimension, and communication dimension from digital promotion conducted by Bali Go Live Channel to know how effective promotion is done. Determination of samples in this study using accidental sampling method as much as 100 respondents tourists. Data collection techniques used questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis technique in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis, validity and reliability analysis, simple tabulation analysis, and EPIC Model analysis. From the results of quantitative descriptive analysis can be seen that the measurement of dimensions empathy, dimension persuasion, dimension impact, and dimension communication entered in the range of effective scale. The results of this study show the use of Bali Go Live Channel as a digital promotion media of Bali tourism declared effective. This is shown from the EPIC Rate of 3.98 which fall into the effective category.

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Nguyen, Hoai-Nhan, Phu-Nguyen Le, and Hee-Jun Kang. "A performance comparison of the full pose- and partial pose-based robot calibration for various types of robot manipulators." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 9 (September 2021): 168781402110477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211047754.

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Robot kinematic calibration used to be carried out with the partial pose measurements (position only) of dimension 3 in industry, while full pose measurements (orientation and position) of dimension 6 sometimes could be considered to improve the calibration performance. This paper investigates the effects of measurement dimensions on robot calibration accuracy. It compares the resulting robot accuracies in both partial pose and full pose cases after calibrating three structural types of robot manipulators such as a serial manipulator (Hyundai HA-06 robot), a single closed-chain manipulator (Hyundai HX-165 robot), and a multiple closed-chain manipulator (Hyundai HP-160 robot). These comparative studies show when the full-pose based calibration need to be considered and how much it contributes the improvement of robot accuracy to the different structural type of robot manipulators.

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Pan, Xiaoyi, Andy Hao, Cuiling Guan, and Tsun-Jui Hsieh. "Affective and cognitive dimensions in cultural identity: scale development and validation." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 32, no. 6 (September 26, 2019): 1362–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-03-2019-0200.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptualization of the construct of cultural identity (CI) and develop and validate a measurement scale for the construct. This study examines experience-related cognitions and the positive and negative emotional dimensions in cultural identity. Design/methodology/approach The paper describes the process of the development of the instrument, the sample, as well as the validation of the instrument. This study performs both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to examine the reliability and validity of the scale developed. Findings The final CI scale has three dimensions: six items for the cognitive dimension, five items for the emotional dimension and seven items for the behavioral dimension. The scale shows internal consistency, reliability, construct validity and nomological validity. Originality/value This is the first CI scale to be developed for the measurement of CI of traditional Chinese medicine.

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Marchisotti, Daniele, Pietro Marzaroli, Remo Sala, Michele Sculati, Hermes Giberti, and Marco Tarabini. "Automatic measurement of the hand dimensions using consumer 3D cameras." ACTA IMEKO 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v9i2.706.

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This article describes the metrological characterisation of two prototypes that use the point clouds acquired by consumer 3D cameras for the measurement of the human hand geometrical parameters. The initial part of the work is focused on the general description of algorithms that allow for the derivation of dimensional parameters of the hand. Algorithms were tested on data acquired using Microsoft Kinect v2 and Intel RealSense D400 series sensors. The accuracy of the proposed measurement methods has been evaluated in different tests aiming to identify bias errors deriving from point-cloud inaccuracy and at the identification of the effect of the hand pressure and the wrist flexion/extension. Results evidenced an accuracy better than 1 mm in the identification of the hand’s linear dimension and better than 20 cm3 for hand volume measurements. The relative uncertainty of linear dimensions, areas, and volumes was in the range of 1-10 %. Measurements performed with the Intel RealSense D400 were, on average, more repeatable than those performed with Microsoft Kinect. The uncertainty values limit the use of these devices to applications where the requested accuracy is larger than 5 % (volume measurements), 3 % (area measurements), and 1 mm (hands’ linear dimensions and thickness).

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Field, David P., Colin C. Merriman, and Ioannis N. Mastorakos. "Two- and Three-Dimensional EBSD Measurement of Dislocation Density in Deformed Structures." Solid State Phenomena 160 (February 2010): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.160.17.

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Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques have been used to measure the dislocation density tensor for various materials. Orientation data are typically obtained over a planar array of measurement positions and the minimum dislocation content required to produce the observed lattice curvature is calculated as the geometrically necessary (or excess) dislocation density. The present work shows a comparison of measurements in two-dimensions and three-dimensions using a dual beam instrument (focused ion beam, electron beam) to obtain the data. The two-dimensional estimate is obviously lower than that obtained from three-dimensional data since the 2D analysis necessarily assumes that the third dimension has no curvature in the lattice. Effects of the free-surface on EBSD measurements are discussed in conjunction with comparisons against X-ray microdiffraction experiments and a discrete dislocation dynamics model. It is observed that the EBSD measurements are sensitive to free-surface effects that may yield dislocation density observations that are not consistent with that of the bulk material.

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Dupeyrat, Caroline, Claudette Mariné, and Christian Escribe. "Mastery and challenge seeking: Two dimensions within learning goals?" Swiss Journal of Psychology 58, no. 1 (March 1999): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024//1421-0185.58.1.22.

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The study examined the existence of two distinct dimensions within learning goals: A mastery dimension and a challenge seeking dimension. A French version of Roedel, Schraw, and Plake's (1994) Goals Inventory was administered to 305 psychology undergraduates. Confirmatory factor analyses testing a two-factor vs. a three-factor measurement model supported the distinction between the two dimensions of learning goals. Relations between goal orientations and reported strategy use and self-regulation were analyzed. The mastery and challenge dimensions within learning goals were differentially related to performance goals and strategy use.

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Jaret, Charles, Ravi Ghadge, Lesley Williams Reid, and Robert M. Adelman. "The Measurement of Suburban Sprawl: An Evaluation." City & Community 8, no. 1 (March 2009): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6040.2009.01270.x.

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We review and analyze how suburban sprawl has been conceptualized and measured in recent urban research. We find that indexes created to measure sprawl in metropolitan areas do so in three different ways. Some measures are based on residential population density, others specifically measure the extent of job or employment sprawl, and others consider sprawl a multidimensional land use phenomenon (and provide separate indexes for each dimension). Our analyses show that (1) most residential population density indexes reflect other dimensions of sprawl; (2) it is useful to think of metropolitan areas as positioned on two distinct dimensions of sprawl (i.e., centeredness and density–mixed land use); and (3) job sprawl and residential sprawl vary independently from each other. We provide recommendations regarding which sprawl measures are most appropriate for research applications.

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Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Mercedes Paino, Serafín Lemos-Giráldez, Susana Sierra-Baigrie, and José Muñiz. "Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales across Gender and Age." Spanish journal of psychology 13, no. 2 (November 2010): 941–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1138741600002584.

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The Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales are among the most widely used instruments for the assessment of psychosis proneness. The main goal of the present work was to study the dimensional structure underlying the Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale (RPhA), the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS), the Magical Ideation Scale (MIS) and the Perceptual Aberration Scale (PAS). It was also explored whether the dimensions underlying these scales were invariant across gender and age. The sample was made up of 710 university students with a mean age of 19.8 years (SD = 1.9). The results showed that the dimensional structure of the Wisconsin scales was similar to that found in previous studies, displaying a Positive dimension and a Negative dimension, the Social Anhedonia Scale being related to both dimensions. Moreover, the factor structure of the schizotypy scales was found to be invariant across participants' gender and age.

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Pietro, Cipresso, Serino Silvia, and Riva Giuseppe. "The Pursuit of Happiness Measurement: A Psychometric Model Based on Psychophysiological Correlates." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/139128.

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Everyone is interested in the pursuit of happiness, but the real problem for the researchers is how to measure it. Our aim was to deeply investigate happiness measurement through biomedical signals, using psychophysiological methods to objectify the happiness experiences measurements. The classic valence-arousal model of affective states to study happiness has been extensively used in psychophysiology. However, really few studies considered a real combination of these two dimensions and no study further investigated multidimensional models. More, most studies focused mainly on self-report to measure happiness and a deeper psychophysiological investigation on the dimensions of such an experience is still missing. A multidimensional model of happiness is presented and both the dimensions and the measures extracted within each dimension are comprehensively explained. This multidimensional model aims at being a milestone for future systematic study on psychophysiology of happiness and affective states.

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Castro, Cristiano A. B., Felipe Zambaldi, and Mateus Canniatti Ponchio. "Cognitive and emotional resistance to innovations: concept and measurement." Journal of Product & Brand Management 29, no. 4 (July 4, 2019): 441–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-10-2018-2092.

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Purpose This paper aims to conceptualize two dimensions of active innovation resistance (AIR): cognitive active resistance and emotional active resistance. A scale to measure this construct is proposed and tested. Design/methodology/approach Three studies were conducted, with sample sizes of 195, 190 and 186, to test the discriminant, convergent, nomological and criterion validity of the proposed AIRc+e scale and to analyze its explanatory and predictive power. Data were gathered using the online platform of a US-based research company. Findings The authors provide evidence that AIR is a two-dimension construct comprising a cognitive and an emotional dimension. AIR was modeled as a third-order construct, comprising two second-order constructs, cognitive active resistance and emotional active resistance. The impact of adding an emotion dimension to active resistance was therefore assessed, and the results indicated that the explanatory and predictive power of the AIR measure improved as expected. Practical implications Consumers are most likely to resist innovations launched onto the marketplace, either prior to or after evaluating them. A better understanding of the reasons behind their resistance to innovation, as well as of its mechanisms, is of great importance in decreasing an innovation’s chances of failure. Originality/value This study proposes that incorporating emotion into the assessment of AIR will result in a deeper understanding of adoption and rejection behavior, expanding the current knowledge of consumer behavior in innovation-related, new product adoption and decisions.

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Olatunji, Bunmi O., Chad Ebesutani, and Jonathan S. Abramowitz. "Examination of a Bifactor Model of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptom Dimensions." Assessment 24, no. 1 (July 27, 2016): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191115601207.

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Although obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms are observed along four dimensions (contamination, responsibility for harm, order/symmetry, and unacceptable thoughts), the structure of the dimensions remains unclear. The current study evaluated a bifactor model of OC symptoms among those with and without obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The goals were (a) to evaluate if OC symptoms should be conceptualized as unidimensional or whether distinct dimensions should be interpreted and (b) to use structural equation modeling to examine the convergence of the OC dimensions above and beyond a general dimension with related criteria. Results revealed that a bifactor model fit the data well and that OC symptoms were influenced by a general dimension and by four dimensions. Measurement invariance of the bifactor model was also supported among those with and without OCD. However, the general OC dimension accounted for only half of the variability in OC symptoms, with the remaining variability accounted for by distinct dimensions. Despite evidence of multidimensionality, the dimensions were unreliable after covarying for the general OC dimension. However, the four dimensions did significantly converge with a latent OC spectrum factor above and beyond the general OC dimension. The implications of these findings for conceptualizing the structure of OCD are discussed.

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Kovalsky, Peter, and Graeme Bushell. "In situ measurement of fractal dimension using focussed beam reflectance measurement." Chemical Engineering Journal 111, no. 2-3 (August 2005): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2005.02.020.

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Nhat, Thang Duong, Binh Nguyen Duc, Phuong Le Khac, Ngoc Tu Nguyen, and Mai Nguyen Thi Phuong. "Deep Regression for Precise Geometric Dimension Measurement." Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering 36, no. 8 (August 1, 2019): 683–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7736/kspe.2019.36.8.683.

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LI, Chaoping. "Resonant Leadership: Dimension, Measurement and Its Mechanism." Advances in Psychological Science 21, no. 12 (December 13, 2013): 2103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2013.02103.

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Younis, Mahasin. "Measurement Brownian Dimension of Von Koch Curve." AL-Rafidain Journal of Computer Sciences and Mathematics 12, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/csmj.2018.163573.

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Toolson, L. Brian, and Dale E. Smith. "Clinical measurement and evaluation of vertical dimension." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 95, no. 5 (May 2006): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.03.013.

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Zanini, A., R. Cordes, and R. Bocanera. "Dimension Measurement by Means of Artificial Vision." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 28, no. 19 (September 1995): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)45080-4.

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OTAKA, Tadashi, Hiroki KAWADA, Chie SHISHIDO, and Mayuka OSAKI. "Critical Dimension Measurement Technology Using CD-SEM." Hyomen Kagaku 27, no. 11 (2006): 636–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.27.636.

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Kainer, G. B. "Contact errors in precision linear-dimension measurement." Measurement Techniques 35, no. 2 (February 1992): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00978869.

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Arief, Ikhwan, and Rahmat Fajri. "Perancangan Purwarupa Sistem Pengendalian Kualitas Pengukuran Dimensi Produk Terotomasi." Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri 14, no. 2 (April 18, 2016): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/josi.v14.n2.p217-226.2015.

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The production process is one of the several main activities in industries. The process followed by quality control to achieve expected final products. Products' conformities to design specification can be achieved through direct measurement. However, not all measurements can be done directly while the process is running. Inconformities to product's design specification could result in unfunctional or rejected products. This will render producers into losing their profits. Technology plays a major role in simplifying products' measurement processes. Advancement in technology made it possible to automate measurement processes and will also make it possible to do during the production process in achieving expected quality control as early as possible. The quality control yield measurements in products'lengths, widths and depths/ heights which will control products' dimension and generate quality control chart. The proposed prototype will allow measurements of product dimension and data acquisition directly during the process without disrupting on going processes.

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Gómez-de-Terreros-Guardiola, Montserrat, José F. Lozano-Oyola, María-Dolores Lanzarote-Fernández, Raquel Rupérez Bautista, Isabel Avilés-Carvajal, Tonio Schoenfelder, and Rafael J. Martínez-Cervantes. "A Measurement Scale to Assess Children’s Satisfaction with Hospitalization in the Andalusian Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 17 (August 27, 2019): 3110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16173110.

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Background: Patient satisfaction is a principal indicator in the evaluation of the stay of pediatric patients in hospitals, since its consequences can emotionally interfere with health treatment. The aim of this study was to obtain a valid scale to assess children’s satisfaction with their time spent as a patient in an Andalusian hospital. Method: The Children’s Satisfaction with Hospitalization Questionnaire (CSHQ) was applied to 623 pediatric patients hospitalized in Andalusia. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) showed one dimension underlying the children’s satisfaction with their hospitalization. After that, we developed a depuration analysis process to achieve a valid and unidimensional scale to assess children’s satisfaction. Results: The eleven-item one-dimension solution showed suitable consistency and goodness-of-fit indices. The final scale addresses hosting aspects as the main dimension of a minor’s satisfaction in Andalusian hospitals. Conclusion: A unidimensional scale has been determined for the assessment of children’s satisfaction with their stay in Andalusian hospitals based on hosting aspects. Nonetheless, other dimensions underlying the satisfaction of patients should also be considered.

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Rodrigues, Marcos Marques, Lucas Borin Moura, Ariane De Souza Oliveira, Marisa Aparecida Cabrini Gabrielli, Valfrido Antonio Pereira Filho, and Luis Augusto Passeri. "Measurement of pharyngeal segments in Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Brazilian Dental Science 21, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2018.v21i1.1486.

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Objective: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) occurs by recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep. It results in complete (apnea) or partial (hypopnea) reduction of airflow and has intimate relation with the upper airway anatomy. Cephalometric analysis has been used to quantify airway dimensions. The aim of this study is evaluate the correlation between the anteroposterior dimension of the upper airway and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed reviewing polysomnographic data (AHI) and anteroposterior cephalometric measurements of pharynx subregions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx. Results: The sample consisted of 30 patients. The mean body mass index was 29.60 kg/m2 and the average age was 46.8 years. Nine patients presented severe OSA, seven had moderate OSA , seven had mild OSA, and seven were healthy. The Pearson's correlation index between the anteroposterior dimension of the nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx and AHI was respectively -0.128 (p=0.517), -0.272 (p=0.162) and -0.129 (p=0.513). Conclusion: The correlation between anteroposterior linear dimension of the airway and OSA severity, assessed by AHI, was not positive. As an isolated parameter it did not correlate to the severity of the obstrucive sleep apnea syndrome and should be evaluated in conjunction with other factors. KeywordsUpper Airway; Obstructive sleep apnea; Cone beam CT.

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Moëll, Mattias K., and Lloyd A. Donaldson. "Shading Correction Methods for Digital Image Analysis of Confocal Wood Images." IAWA Journal 28, no. 3 (2007): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001646.

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Confocal fluorescence microscopy provides a rapid method for acquiring high quality optically thin section images of wood suitable for measurement of cell dimensions. Single optical slice images of wood may occasionally contain artefacts due to differential light absorption caused by variation in the distance between the sample surface and the imaging plane across the field of view. Regional brightness variations, which we call shading, may cause problems when such images are used for wood cell measurements using digital image analysis, affecting the accuracy of wood cell dimensions. We have compared various shading correction methods for confocal microscope images and investigated the effect of shading on both the c1assification of cell wall pixels and the resulting cell dimension measurements. Severe shading results in significant errors for measurement of cell wall area, but smaller errors for cell wall thickness and lumen diameter. Some shading correction methods have unwanted effects on pixel c1assification and cell dimensions, while more effective methods remove the shading without introducing further artefacts. The effect of shading is influenced by choice of thresholding method.

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Avišāne, Anita, Janis Rudzitis, Gunārs Upītis, and Janis Vilcāns. "Influence of Flexible Body Contact Deformation on the Linear Dimension Measurement Precision." Solid State Phenomena 199 (March 2013): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.199.321.

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The common measurement error when measuring the component geometrical dimensions using universal contact measurement instruments is caused by different factors, such as error of the measurement instrument, personal reading errors, effect of surface roughness on the measuring line deviation, influence of contact deformation measurement force, and others. The present article examines one of these factors, i.e. contact deformations under the influence of measurement force. To make precise measurements it is essential to find out the effect of roughness of measured components. High roughness creates additional measurement errors. It is particularly important in the measurement of thin components, flexible materials and films, as well as for components with nanocoating. Flexible bodies in the meaning of this article are components of different shape and sizes made of rubber or soft plastic. This article studies principles of error formation based on the deformation of surface roughness and basic material.

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Jozsa, R., M. Koashi, N. Linden, S. Popescu, S. Presnell, D. Shepherd, and A. Winter. "Entanglement cost of generalised measurements." Quantum Information and Computation 3, no. 5 (2003): 405–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic3.5-2.

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Bipartite entanglement is one of the fundamental quantifiable resources of quantum information theory. We propose a new application of this resource to the theory of quantum measurements. According to Naimark's theorem any rank 1 generalised measurement (POVM) M may be represented as a von Neumann measurement in an extended (tensor product) space of the system plus ancilla. By considering a suitable average of the entanglements of these measurement directions and minimising over all Naimark extensions, we define a notion of entanglement cost E_{\min}(M) of M. We give a constructive means of characterising all Naimark extensions of a given POVM. We identify various classes of POVMs with zero and non-zero cost and explicitly characterise all POVMs in 2 dimensions having zero cost. We prove a constant upper bound on the entanglement cost of any POVM in any dimension. Hence the asymptotic entanglement cost (i.e. the large n limit of the cost of n applications of M, divided by n) is zero for all POVMs. The trine measurement is defined by three rank 1 elements, with directions symmetrically placed around a great circle on the Bloch sphere. We give an analytic expression for its entanglement cost. Defining a normalised cost of any $d$-dimensional POVM by E_{\min} (M)/\log_2 d, we show (using a combination of analytic and numerical techniques) that the trine measurement is more costly than any other POVM with d>2, or with d=2 and ancilla dimension 2. This strongly suggests that the trine measurement is the most costly of all POVMs.

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Kang, Ting Hu, Xiao Yan Fan, and Ting Ting Ren. "Structure of Undergraduate's Employability: Exploring and Measurement." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.709.

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Based on the literature review and baseline survey, this study was carried out to explore the structure of undergraduates employability under the background of China. 612 students as the subjects were predicted, the items were formed through exploratory factor analysis. The results indicated that undergraduates employability comprised two longitudinal dimensionalities: job-attain and job-maintain; and the horizontal dimension were two stage structure with 3 second-order factors and 7 one-order factors. Then 412 students were investigated to test the validity and reliability of the undergraduates employability cognition scale. The scale was found to have a good internal reliability coefficient (a=.928) and Spearman-Brown coefficient (r=.852) of job-attain dimension, the job-maintain dimension were .927 and .845 respectively.

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Singh, Sushma, Bhoj Raj Sharma, Urusha Prajapati, Pujan Sharma, Manoj Bhatta, and Nawaraj Paudel. "Estimation of ventricles size of human brain by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Nepalese Population: A retrospective study." Journal of Gandaki Medical College-Nepal 13, no. 1 (June 14, 2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jgmcn.v13i1.28542.

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Background and Objective: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides image acquisition of three-dimensional data and measurement in any chosen imaging plane. Objective of this study is to assess the size of ventricles of the brain of normal Nepalese people and establish the range of size of the ventricular system and compute the ventricular dimensions among different age and gender. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study done at Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara. A total of 106 MRI scan data of healthy individuals were collected over a period of seven months between March to September 2019. Patients ranged between eight and eighty years of age with 58 males and 48 females. Measurements of the mean of bifrontal diameter (BFD), bihemispheric diameter (BHD), third ventricle transverse dimension (TVTD), fourth ventricle antero-posterior dimension (FVAP), fourth ventricle width (FVW), and frontal horn ratio (FHR) were done. Result: The mean of BFD, BHD, TVTD, FVAP, FVW, and FHR were found to be 3.05 ± 0.10 cm, 10.11 ± 0.40 cm, 0.43 ± 0.11 cm, 0.90 ± 0.11 cm, 1.22 ± 0.12 cm, and 0.30 ± 0.01 cm, respectively. The mean width of fourth ventricle in males and females was observed to be 1.23 ± 0.12 cm and 1.19 ± 0.11 cm respectively. There was a significant correlation of TVTD, FVAP, FHR and BFD with age with Pearson correlation coefficient 0.393 (P value <0.01), 0.259 (P value <0.01), 0.34 (P value <0.01), and 0.219 (P value <0.05) respectively. However, BHD and FVW have no correlation with age. Conclusion: Third Ventricle Traverse Dimension, FVP, FVW and FHR show almost similar or slight difference in measurement according to gender. However, BFD shows larger difference in measurement according to gender. Similarly there is no such significant difference according to age in measurement of BFD, BHD, FVAP, FVW and FHR, while TVTD measurement shows slight increased measurement according to age.

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Oancea, Luminita, Mihai Burlibasa, Alexandru Eugen Petre, Eugenia Panaitescu, and Corina Marilena Cristache. "Predictive Model for Occlusal Vertical Dimension Determination and Digital Preservation with Three-Dimensional Facial Scanning." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (November 6, 2020): 7890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217890.

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(1) Background: Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) in the optimal maxillo–mandibular relationship is an important parameter to establish when complex dental rehabilitation has to be done. The optimal method to measure OVD is still a challenge in everyday practice. The aim of the present study was to test the reliability of the correlation between OVD and some anthropometric and cephalometric methods described in the literature. The validity of OVD registration using a facial scanner was also assessed. (2) Materials and Methods: 150 dentate participants, aged 20–25 years, were randomly selected using sealed envelopes. Anthropometric measurements between specific standard points were performed: Subnasion–Prementon (Sn–PM) and Subnasion–Gnation (Sn–Gn) in maximum intercuspation and in the rest mandibular position, right and left pupil to the corresponding chelion. The cephalometric measurements registered were the lower facial angle and the angle between mandibular and Frankfurt planes. The distance Sn–Gn in maximum intercuspation was compared to all other parameters. Facial scanning, with a mobile phone and installed dedicated application, was performed on ten subjects, randomly selected using the same method among the participants, and the obtained 3D files were analyzed. The digital measurements were compared, for validity, to the clinical measurements. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used, for comparing clinical Sn–Gn in maximum intercuspation position to the other parameters. (3) Results: A strong agreement between all measured anthropometric parameters of the facial scan and clinical contact measurement method was registered. None of the measured parameters could predict the exact OVD. (4) Conclusions: In the limits of our study, the facial scanning could be used for predictable registration of OVD and the stored digital information could be preserved through life and use for oral rehabilitation. However, if OVD needs to be determined, several measurement methods, including cephalometric measurements, need to be used simultaneously to reach a final decision.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Dimension measurement'

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