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Academic literature on the topic 'Dikes (Geology) New Zealand'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Dikes (Geology) New Zealand"

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Grapes, Rodney H., Simon H. Lamb, and Chris J. Adams. "K‐Ar ages of basanitic dikes, Awatere Valley, Marlborough, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 35, no. 4 (December 1992): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1992.9514536.

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Tulloch, A. J. "Petrology of the Sams Creek peralkaline granite dike, Takaka, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 35, no. 2 (June 1992): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1992.9514513.

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Sano, Sakae, Koichi Tazaki, Yoshiyuki Koide, Takashi Nagao, Teruo Watanabe, and Yosuke Kawachi. "Geochemistry of dike rocks in Dun Mountain Ophiolite, Nelson, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 40, no. 2 (June 1997): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1997.9514747.

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Windle, S. J., and D. Craw. "Gold mineralisation in a syntectonic granite dike, Sams Creek, northwest Nelson, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 34, no. 4 (December 1991): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1991.9514481.

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Neef, G. "A clastic dike‐sill assemblage in late Miocene (c. 6 Ma) strata, Annedale, Northern Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 34, no. 1 (March 1991): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1991.9514442.

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Adams, C. J., and Alan F. Cooper. "K‐Ar age of a lamprophyre dike swarm near Lake Wanaka, west Otago, South Island, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 39, no. 1 (March 1996): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1996.9514691.

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Tulloch, A. J., and W. J. Dunlap. "A Carboniferous40Ar/39Ar amphibole emplacement age for the Au‐bearing Sams Creek alkali‐feldspar granite dike, west Nelson, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 49, no. 2 (June 2006): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2006.9515162.

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Gonzales, David. "New Constraints on the Timing and History of Breccia Dikes in the Western San Juan Mountains, Southwestern Colorado." Mountain Geologist 56, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 397–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.56.4.397.

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In the western San Juan Mountains, clastic (breccia) dikes crop out in Paleozoic to Cenozoic rocks. The dikes are tabular to bifurcating masses up to several meters thick and are exposed on northwest or northeast trends for up to several kilometers. They are matrix- to clast-supported with angular to rounded pebble- to boulder-sized fragments that in most dikes are dominated by Proterozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks. U-Pb age analyses (n = 3) reveal a range of zircon ages in all samples with several containing high proportions of 1820 to 1390 Ma zircons. The majority of Proterozoic zircons are interpreted as direct contributions from basement rocks during breccia dike formation and emplacement. Field relations and U-Pb zircon analyses reveal that breccia dikes formed in intervals from 65 to 30 Ma (Ouray) and 27 to 12 Ma (Stony Mountain); some dikes are closely allied with mineralization. The dikes formed at depths over 500 meters where Proterozoic basement was fragmented, entrained, and transported to higher structural levels along with pieces of Paleozoic to Cenozoic rocks. A close spatial relationship exists between breccia dikes and latest Mesozoic to Cenozoic plutons. This is best exemplified near Ouray where clastic dikes share similar trends with ~65 Ma granodiorite dikes, and there is a clear transition from intrusive rocks to altered-brecciated plutons, and finally to breccia dikes. The preponderance of evidence supports breccia dike formation via degassing and explosive release of CO2-charged volatiles on deep fractures related to emplacement of 70 to 4 Ma plutons or mantle melts. In addition to breccia dikes, several post-80 Ma events in the region involved explosive release of volatile-charged magmas: 29-27 Ma calderas, ~25 Ma diatremes, and ~24 Ma breccia pipes. Causal factors for production of these gas-charged magmas remain poorly understood, but partial melting or assimilation of altered and metasomatized lithospheric mantle could have played a role.
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Mossman, D. J., D. S. Coombs, Y. Kawachi, and A. Reay. "HIGH-Mg ARC-ANKARAMITIC DIKES, GREENHILLS COMPLEX, SOUTHLAND, NEW ZEALAND." Canadian Mineralogist 38, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 191–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gscanmin.38.1.191.

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Campbell, Hamish, Alex Malahoff, Greg Browne, Ian Graham, and Rupert Sutherland. "New Zealand Geology." Episodes 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2012/v35i1/006.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dikes (Geology) New Zealand"

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Nicholson, Heather Halcrow. "The New Zealand Greywackes: A study of geological concepts in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/90.

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This thesis traces changes in geological concepts associated with the New Zealand greywackes. Since mineralogists adopted the German mining term 'grauwacke' in the 1780s to refer to a type of old, hard, grey, muddy sandstone, both the name and the rock have caused confusion and controversy. English geologists in the 1830s used the term 'grauwacke' as a rock name and a formation name for their most ancient rocks. The English abandoned the name, but 'greywacke' remained useful in Scotland and began to be used in New Zealand in the 1890s. New Zealanders still refer to the association of semi-metamorphosed greywacke sandstones, argillites, minor lavas, cherts and limestone constituting the North Island ranges and the Southern Alps as 'the greywackes'. With the South Island schists, the greywackes make up 27% of the surface of the New Zealand landmass. They supply much of our road metal, but otherwise have little economic importance. Work on these basement rocks has rarely exceeded 10% of geological research in New Zealand.Leading geologists of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries competed to construct stratigraphical models for New Zealand where the greywackes were usually classified as of Paleozoic age. Controversy was generated by insufficient data, field mistakes, wrong fossil identifications, attachment to ruling theories and the inability of European-based conventional stratigraphical methodologies to deal with these Carboniferous to Jurassic rocks formed in a very different and unsuspected geological environment. After 1945, growth of the universities, increased Geological Survey activity, and the acquisition of more reliable data led to fresh explanatory ideas about geosynclines, turbidity currents, depositional facies, low-grade metamorphism, and structural geology. New interest in the greywackes resulted in the accumulation of additional knowledge about their paleontology, petrography, sedimentology and structure. Much of this geological data is stored in visual materials including maps, photographs, and diagrams and these are essential today for the interpretation and transfer of information.The development of plate tectonic theory and the accompanying terrane concept in the seventies and eighties permitted real progress in understanding the oceanic origin of greywackes within submarine accretionary prisms and their transport to the New Zealand region. In the last half century comparatively little geological controversy about the greywackes has taken place because of the acquisition of quantities of data, technological improvements, and the use of a dependable theory of the Earth's crust. Scientific controversy takes place when data and/or background theory is inadequate.
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Wadman, Heidi M. "Controls on continental shelf stratigraphy: Waiapu River, New Zealand." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616896.

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A quantitative understanding of the processes controlling sediment transport and deposition across the land/sea interface is crucial to linking terrestrial and marine environments and understanding the formation of marine stratigraphy. The nature and distribution of terrestrial-derived sediment preserved in shelf stratigraphy in turn provides insight into the complex linkages inherent in source-to-sink sediment dynamics. Located inboard of an actively subducting plate boundary and characterized by one of the highest sediment yields in the world, the open-shelf setting off of the Waiapu River in New Zealand presents an excellent location to improve our understanding of the factors controlling the formation of continental shelf stratigraphy and associated sediment transport. Over 850km of high-resolution seismic and swath bathymetry data ground-truthed by cores show significant stratigraphic spatial variation preserved on the Waiapu continental shelf. This spatial variation is likely controlled by regionally-specific sediment deposition and resuspension processes as well as antecedent geology. Chronostratigraphic control obtained from black carbon analysis reveals that deforestation of the Waiapu catchment is preserved as a distinct event in the adjacent inner shelf stratigraphy, and further indicates that the inner shelf is currently capturing a significant ∼16-34% of the total Waiapu sediment budget. Shelf-wide stratigraphy shows that the thickest deposits of Holocene stratigraphy are found in tectonically-created accommodation spaces, highlighting the role of neotectonics in strata formation. The primary control on strata formation on the Waiapu continental shelf is presumed to be tectonically-steered, local sediment supply, which likely still influences modern-day sediment transport via the effects of small-scale bathymetric lows steering gravity-dependent sediment flows at the river mouth.
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Menzies, Catriona Dorothy. "Fluid flow associated with the Alpine Fault, South Island, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/351800/.

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Rose, Robert Vaughan. "Quaternary geology and stratigraphy of North Westland, South Island, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6474.

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Infrared stimulated luminescence ages are presented from the North Westland region, West Coast, South Island, New Zealand. These ages span much of the last interglacial-glacial cycle from 123.3 ± 12.7 ka to 33.6 ± 3.6 ka. Coverage is extended to c. 14 ka via cosmogenic isotope dating. A new Quaternary stratigraphy and Marine Isotope Stage correlation is proposed for the on-shore glacial-interglacial fluvioglacial, fluvial and marine terrace sequence. The new model incorporates previously published luminescence and radiocarbon ages. It necessitates reinterpretation of the evolution of the climate in North Westland for the period from 123 ka to 14 ka. Reinterpretation of fossil pollen and plant macrofossil records implies a period of probable near-interglacial climate in North Westland during the early to middle portion of Marine Isotope Stage 3. It also implies the presence in North Westland of raised marine terraces dating from this Isotope Stage. In addition it is concluded that during the period from c.60 ka to c.50 ka podocarp dominated forest was widespread in the lowland portion of Westland. Between Okarito and Westport Dacrydium cupressinum and Nestegis were ubiquitous components of this forest. This finding aligns the Marine Isotope Stage 3 climate of North Westland nicely with that of other parts of New Zealand where good records exist for this period.
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Dorsey, C. J. "The geology and geochemistry of Akaroa volcano, Banks Peninsula, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7524.

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This thesis presents a detailed geological, petrological and geochemical study of Akaroa Volcano, Banks Peninsula, New Zealand. The Akaroa Volcanic Group is defined as comprising all the volcanic products of central, flank and parasitic vent eruptions in the south-eastern two-thirds of Banks Peninsula, which collectively form Akaroa Volcano. Field mapping has shown that the lavas and pyroclastics of which Akaroa Volcano is constructed can be grouped into an Early Phase and a Main Phase. Early Phase rocks (?11-9 Ma) are restricted in outcrop to the inner shoreline of Akaroa Harbour. The oldest exposed basaltic lava flows of Akaroa Volcano are assigned to Early Phase I. Early Phase II comprises extensive trachyte tuffs, breccias, agglomerates, flows, sills, and a large dome, with minor basaltic tuffs, and appears to represent a major episode of eruption of trachytic lava marking the end of the construction of a proto-Akaroa Volcano. Weathered basaltic flows, tuffs, lahars, scoria cones and pyroclastic breccia of Early Phase III unconformably overlie rocks of Early Phase II. The contact between Early Phases II and III shows considerable relief indicating a period of erosion prior to eruption of Early Phase III flows and pyroclastics. A diverse stratigraphy and a significant portion of the early history of Akaroa Volcano remains buried beneath sea level. A period of prolonged weathering and erosion occurred prior to the eruption of Main Phase lava flows and pyroclastics. The main cone of Akaroa Volcano is constructed predominantly of hawaiite lava flows and pyroclastics and rare mugearite, benmoreite and trachyte lava flows of the Main Phase, erupted 9-8 Ma. Activity was hawaiian to mildly strombolian in character. Throughout its eruptive history, Akaroa Volcano was intruded by predominantly trachytic dikes of the Akaroa radial dike swarm, and five large trachyte domes. Dikes radiate from a broadly defined central zone south to south-east of Onawe Peninsula which coincides with the inferred location of the main conduit, and with the maxima of local bouguer and isostatic gravity anomalies. Analysis of the gravity anomaly surfaces indicates a substantial sub-surface intrusive complex containing> 615 km³ of intrusive material. Panama Rock trachyte dome can be seen to have been fed by a large dike of the radial dike swarm and a similar origin is inferred for the other intrusive trachyte domes. Akaroa Volcanic Group lavas have a mineralogy typical of alkaline volcanic associations, dominated by olivine, Ti-rich calcic clinopyroxene, titanomagnetite, plagioclase and apatite. Rare kaersutite megacrysts occur in evolved lavas, and per alkaline differentiates contain arfvedsonite and aenigmatite. Minor biotite and amphibole occur in coarse-grain basic lavas. Akaroa Volcanic Group lavas comprise a mildly to moderately (sodic) alkaline association, with a trend of moderate iron enrichment. Two end-member lineages are recognised: a dominant basalt-hawaiite-mugearite-benmoreite-trachyte lineage with ne-, hy- and qz-normative variants, and a basanite-nepheline hawaiitenepheline mugearite-nepheline benmoreite-phonolite lineage. Peralkaline differentiates are also recognised. The dominant lava type is hawaiite, rather than basalt, and most lavas have Mg numbers (100 X Mg²⁺ /Mg²⁺ +Fe²⁺) in the range 35-48, indicating that Akaroa Volcanic Group lavas do not represent primary magmas but have undergone significant high pressure fractionation. Geochemically, Akaroa Volcanic Group lavas form a comagmatic suite characterised by (i) A logarithmic decrease in MgO, TiO₂, Cr, Ni and V; (ii) A linear decrease in CaO and FeO; (iii) A linear increase in Na₂O, K₂O, Y, Nb, Rb, La, Ce, Nd, Ga, Pb, Th, and Ba; (iv) A complex variation in Al₂O₃; (v) A rapid increase in P₂O₅ and Sr followed by a rapid decrease; and (vi) An increase in REE abundances with increasing differentiation. These variations are consistent with evolution by fractional crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene, titanomagnetite, plagioclase, apatite and possibly kaersutite. Lavas have linear, parallel, LREE-enriched REE patterns (CeN/YbN ≈ 7-9.5) indicative of magma generation by small degrees of partial melting of a garnet peridotite mantle source. Covariance of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd isotope ratios is consistent with derivation of Akaroa Volcanic Group magmas from a time-integrated, LREE-depleted mantle source, whereas Sm/Nd and Rb/Sr trace element ratios indicate a LREE-enriched source. Mantle enrichment processes prior to, or associated with, the melting event and/or very small degrees of partial melting (< 1%) are postulated to account for this dichotomy. Qz-normative felsic lavas have high ⁸⁷Sr /⁸⁶Sr isotope ratios, and high-level crustal contamination appears to be an important process in the evolution of these lavas.
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O'Connor, Barry M. "Studies in New Zealand Late Paleogene–Early Neogene Radiolaria." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2092.

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Radiolaria from Late Eocene to Early Miocene localities in New Zealand are detailed in a series of studies in an attempt to broaden our knowledge of New Zealand Late Paleogene-Early Neogene Radiolaria, and a new technique for investigating Radiolaria is described. Chapter One introduces the studies and the rationale behind each, details the history of radiolarian work in New Zealand, and provides discussion of several points that surfaced during the studies. The points discussed are: radiolarian literature; plate production; scanning electron micrographs versus transmitted light photomicrographs; skeletal terminology; systematic paleontology and the description of new species; radiolarian classification; usefulness of strewn slides. Each study constitutes a published in press, or in review paper and is presented as a chapter. As each chapter is able to stand alone, their abstracts are given below. The reference lists for each paper/chapter have been amalgamated into a master list at the end of the thesis and so do not appear at the end of each chapter: Chapter Two - Seven New Radiolarian Species from the Oligocene of New Zealand Abstract: Seven new radiolarian species from the Oligocene Mahurangi limestone of Northland, New Zealand, are formally described. They are: Dorcadospyris mahurangi (Trissocyclidae), Dictyoprora gibsoni, Siphocampe missilis, Spirocyrtis proboscis (Artostrobiidae), Anthocyrtidium odontatum, Lamprocyclas matakohe (Pterocorythidae), Phormocyrtis vasculum (Theoperidae). Chapter Three – New Radiolaria from the Oligocene and Early Miocene of Northland, New Zealand Abstract: Thirteen new radiolarian species, two new genera and one new combination from the Oligocene and early Miocene of Northland, New Zealand, are formally described - The species are – Heliodiscus tunicatus (Phacodiscidae), Rhopalastrum tritelum (spongodiscidae), Lithomelissa gelasinus, L. maureenae, Lophophaena tekopua (Plagiacanthidae), Valkyria pukapuka (Sethoconidae), Cyrtocapsa osculum, Lophocyrtis (Paralampterium)? inaequalis, Lychnocanium neptunei, Stichocorys negripontensis, Theocorys bianulus, T. perforalvus, T. puriri (Theoperidae); the genera are – Plannapus (Artostrobiidae) and Valkyria (Sethoconidae); the combination is Plannapus microcephalus (Artostrobiidae). Standardised terminology is proposed for internal skeletal elements and external appendages. Emendations are proposed for the family Artostrobiidae and the genera Heliodiscus, Lithomelissa and Cyrtocapsa. Heliodiscus, Cyrtocapsa and Lychnocanium are established as senior synonyms of Astrophacus, Cyrtocapsella and Lychnocanoma respectively. Chapter Four – Early Miocene Radiolaria from Te Kopua Point, Kaipara Harbour, New Zealand Abstract: Radiolaria from the Early Miocene Puriri Formation at Te Kopua Point in the Kaipara area, Northland, New Zealand are documented. Six new species are described - Spongotrochus antoniae (Spongodiscidae), Botryostrobus hollisi, Siphocampe grantmackiei, (Artostrobiidae), Carpocanium rubyae (Carpocaniidae), Anthocyrtidium marieae (Pterocorythidae) and Phormocyrtis alexandrae (Theoperidae). Carpocanium is established as the senior synonym of Carpocanistrum. Chapter Five – Radiolaria from the Oamaru Diatomite, South Island, New Zealand Abstract: Radiolaria from the world-famous Oamaru Diatomite are documented with 24 new species described and three new genera erected The new species are Tricorporisphaera bibula, Zealithapium oamaru (Actionommidae), Plectodiscus runanganus (Porodiscidae), Plannapus hornibrooki, P. mauricei, Spirocyrtis greeni (Artostrobiidae), Botryocella pauciperforata (Cannobotryidae), Carpocanopsis ballisticum (Carpocaniidae), Verutotholus doigi, V. edwardsi, V. mackayi (Neosciadiocapsidae), Lithomelissa lautouri, Velicucullus fragilis (Plagoniidae), Lamprocyclas particollis (Pterocorythidae), Artophormis fluminafauces, Eucyrtidium ventriosum, Eurystomoskevos cauleti, Lophocyrtis (L.) haywardi, Lychnocanium alma, L. waiareka, L. waitaki, Pterosyringium hamata, Sethochytris cavipodis and Thyrsocyrtis (T.?) pingusicoides (Theoperidae). The new genera are Tricorporisphaera, Zealithapium (Actinommidae), and Verutotholus (Neosciadiocapsidae). Emendations are proposed to the family Neosciadiocapsidae and the genus Eurystomoskevos, and Pterosyringium is raised from subgeneric to generic level. Radiolarian faunal composition confirms a Late Eocene age for the Oamaru Diatomite. Chapter Six – Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy: A New Technique for Investigating and Illustrating Fossil Radiolaria Abstract: Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), a technique newly applied to the study of fossil Radiolaria, offers the radiolarist clear views of single optical planes of specimens, unhindered by many of the optical effects of conventional light microscopy, while obviating the need to section or break specimens. Resulting images are of a clarity unsurpassed by conventional light microscopy and, as they are saved on computer, are easily viewed, manipulated, enhanced, measured and converted to hard copy. Used in conjunction with common radiolarian study methods CLSM is a powerful tool for gaining additional information with relatively little extra effort. Chapter Seven conveniently summarises taxonomic, stratigraphic and geographic data of all new taxa described, incorporating information gained from the studies and relevant literature. Appendices present the following: data pertaining to all illustrated specimens in this thesis from the University of Auckland Catalogue of Type and Figured Specimens; distribution of Radiolaria at Te Kopua Point; distribution of species and a species list for the Mahurangi Limestone.
Chapter 1 is included in 01front, along with pages 38,93, 130 for additional information. Chapter 2 + of the thesis is now published and subject to copyright restrictions.
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Rowan, Christopher James. "Neogene paleomagnetism and geodynamics of the Hikurangi margin, East Coast, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/41330/.

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Vertical-axis rotations are an important component of Neogene deformation in the New Zealand plate boundary region, and potentially offer fundamental insights into the rheology of continental crust. Extensive paleomagnetic sampling along the Hikurangi margin, on the East Coast of the North Island, has provided new insights into the patterns, rates and timings of tectonic rotation, and also an improved understanding of the magnetic signature of New Zealand Cenozoic mudstones. Rigorous field tests reveal numerous late remagnetizations, which haveoften formed several million years after deposition and can be irregularly distributed within an outcrop. Scanning electron microscopy and rock magnetic analyses indicate that the remanence carrier is predominantly the ferrimagnetic iron sulphide, greigite, which is present as a mixed population of single domain and superparamagnetic grains that are characteristic of arrested authigenic growth. Strong viscous overprints are the result of later, usually recent, oxidation of these sulphides. The recognition of late-forming magnetizations leads to a completely new view of the Neogene tectonic evolution of the Hikurangi margin, with no tectonic rotations being evident prior to 8–10 Ma; coherent rotation of most of the Hikurangi margin since that time refutes the existence of the independently rotating ‘domains’ that were inferred from earlier paleomagnetic data. This pattern is more consistent with the short-term velocity field, and allows all Neogene rotation to be more simply explained as a large-scale response to realignment of the subducting Pacific plate. Tectonic rotations have been accommodated by a variety of structures since 10 Ma; in the Late Miocene and Pliocene, rates of tectonic rotation were 3–4 times faster than presently observed and possibly involved a much larger region, before initiation of the North Island Dextral Fault Belt and the Taupo Volcanic Zone at 1-2 Ma instigated the current tectonic regime. Collision of the Hikurangi Plateau in the Late Miocene is interpreted to have caused both the initiation of tectonic rotation, and the widespread remagnetization of sediments, making it a key event in the Neogene evolution of the plate boundary region.
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Kniskern, Tara A. "Shelf sediment dispersal mechanisms and deposition on the Waiapu River shelf, New Zealand." W&M ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616720.

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The Waiapu River, located on the North Island of New Zealand, drains a small catchment and has one of the highest sediment yields in the world. The river delivers most of its annual sediment load during floods into energetic coastal waters. These conditions are favorable for producing multiple sediment transport mechanisms, including transport in positively and negatively buoyant freshwater plumes, gravitydriven flows, and resuspension. Analyses of Waiapu River shelf seabed data showed that multiple transport mechanisms influence strata formation. Fluvial sediments are initially deposited at water depths shallower than 80 m before being remobilized and deposited at greater water depths. Over the last 100 years fine sediments were retained mainly at water depths between 60 and 190 m, and accounted for 24% of the fluvial load. High shelf accumulation rates (0.2--3.3 cm/yr) were sufficient to preserve pulsed event layers, which were identified by low excess 210Pb and terrestrial delta 13C. Additionally, high subsidence rates on the tectonically active shelf likely influences modern depositional patterns. A three-dimensional numerical model was used to address the mechanisms by which sediment escaped the shelf and to assess the relative importance of the various transport mechanisms. The simulation was able to reproduce time-averaged currents, near-bed sediment concentrations, and bed shear stresses at a tripod deployed off the river mouth at 60 m water depth. Gravity-driven transport was most important on the inner and mid-shelf, whereas dilute transport became more important beyond 65 m depth. Sediments escaped the shelf via dilute suspension to the north of the Waiapu River mouth. Sensitivity experiments showed that transport pathways and depositional patterns were sensitive to floc fraction, waves and currents, and sediment load. Increasing the floc fraction resulted in increased wave-supported gravity-driven transport relative to dilute transport and increased shelf deposition. Coherence between energetic waves and floods increased the importance of wave-supported gravity-flows and shifted initial deposition offshore. Wave-induced bed shear stress increased gravity-driven transport, whereas current-induced bed shear stress increased dilute transport. Deforestation over the last 150 years, which has resulted in an increase annual suspended load, may have resulted in increased shelf sediment retention.
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Bach, Petra. "Garnet-bearing andesites: a case study from Northland, New Zealand." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29765948.

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Ritchie, Alistair B. H. "Volcanic geology and geochemistry of Waiotapu Ignimbrite, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6588.

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Waiotapu Ignimbrite (0.710 ± 0.06 Ma) is a predominantly densely welded, purple-grey coloured, pumice rich lenticulite, which is exposed on both eastern and western flanks of Taupo Volcanic Zone. The unit is uniform in terms of lithology and mineralogy over its entire extent and has been deposited as a single flow unit. The unit contains abundant pumice clasts which are often highly attenuated (aspect ratios of c.1 :30) and are evenly distributed throughout the deposit. Lithic fragments are rare, never exceeding 1% of total rock volume at an outcrop and no proximal facies, such as lithic lag breccias, have been identified. The deposit is densely welded to the base and only in more distal exposure does the ignimbrite become partially welded at the top of the deposit. Post-depositional devitrification is pervasive throughout the deposit, often destroying original vitroclastic texture in the matrix. Vapour phase alteration is extensive in welded and partially welded facies of the deposit. Pumices within Waiotapu Ignimbrite appear to have been derived from two distinct magma batches, with differing Rb concentrations, that originated along different fractionation trends. Type-A pumices have significantly lower Rb than the subordinate type-B pumices. The presence of the pumices may represent the simultaneous evisceration of two spatially discrete magma chambers or the type-B chamber may have been intruded into type-A body, the magmas subsequently mingling prior to, or during, the eruption. The source of Waiotapu Ignimbrite is poorly constrained, largely owing to the lack of meaningful maximum lithic data, and poor exposure of the unit. The distribution of the ignimbrite suggests that it was erupted from within Kapenga volcanic centre. If so the most proximal exposures of Waiotapu Ignimbrite are approximately 10km from the vent. Intensive and voluminous silicic volcanism, beginning with the eruption of the 0.33 Ma Whakamaru Group Ignimbrite eruptions, and extensive faulting within Kapenga volcanic centre will have obscured any intra-caldera Waiotapu Ignimbrite. The mechanism of eruption suggests that the source may not have been a caldera in the strictest sense, but instead a series of near linear fissures aligned with the trend of regional faulting. Waiotapu Ignimbrite was generated in one sustained eruption and produced an energetic and high temperature pyroclastic flow. The lack of any recognised preceding plinian deposit, coupled with the energetic nature and paucity of lithics suggests eruption by an unusual mechanism. The eruption most likely resulted from the large scale collapse of a caldera block into the underlying chamber resulting in high discharge rates, which were no conducive to the development of a convecting column, and minimal vent erosion, resulting in negligible entrainment of lithics. The density of welding and recrystallisation textures suggest that the flow retained heat to considerable distances which allowed the ignimbrite to weld densely to the base. The deposit was most likely progressively aggraded from the base, with material being supplied from an overriding particulate flow.
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Books on the topic "Dikes (Geology) New Zealand"

1

New Zealand geology. Wellington: Science Information Pub. Centre, Dept. of Scientific and Industrial Research, 1987.

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Stevens, Graeme R. Prehistoric New Zealand. Birkenhead, Auckland: Heinemann Reed, 1988.

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Campbell, Hamish. In search of ancient New Zealand. North Shore, N.Z: Penguin Books, 2007.

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Gill, Maria. Eruption!: Discovering New Zealand volcanoes. Auckland, New Zealand: New Holland, 2012.

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Volkert, Richard A. Late Proterozoic diabase dikes of the New Jersey Highlands: A remnant of Iapetan rifting in the north-central Appalachians. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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New Zealand. Ministry of Economic Development. Explore New Zealand: Petroleum. Wellington, N.Z.]: Crown Minerals, Ministry of Economic Development, 2000.

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Moore, P. R. Geology of Kapiti Island, Central New Zealand. Lower Hutt, New Zealand: New Zealand Geological Survey, 1988.

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Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Limited., ed. Rocked and ruptured: Geological faults in New Zealand. Auckland, N.Z: Reed, in association with the Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Ltd., 1999.

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Minerals, New Zealand Ministry of Commerce Crown. New Zealand petroleum basins. Wellington, NZ: Crown Minerals, Ministry of Economic Development, 2010.

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Hollis, Christopher John. Cretaceous-Paleocene Radiolaria from eastern Marlborough, New Zealand. Lower Hutt, New Zealand: Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Limited, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dikes (Geology) New Zealand"

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MacKinnon, T. C., and D. G. Howell. "Torlesse Turbidite System, New Zealand." In Frontiers in Sedimentary Geology, 223–28. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5114-9_33.

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Crouch, Erica M., Pi Suhr Willumsen, Denise Kulhanek, and Samantha Gibbs. "A Revised Palaeocene (Teurian) Dinoflagellate Cyst Zonation from Eastern New Zealand." In Springer Geology, 75–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04364-7_15.

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Valagussa, Andrea, Giovanni B. Crosta, Paolo Frattini, Stefania Zenoni, and Chris Massey. "Rockfall Runout Simulation Fine-Tuning in Christchurch, New Zealand." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 1913–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_339.

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Norris, Richard J., and Alan F. Cooper. "The Alpine Fault, New Zealand: Surface geology and field relationships." In A Continental Plate Boundary: Tectonics at South Island, New Zealand, 157–75. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/175gm09.

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Engl, Daniela Anna, Chris Massey, and Mauri McSaveney. "CrEAM Modelling of Groundwater-Triggered Landslide Acceleration at the Utiku Landslide (New Zealand)." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 583–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_96.

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Massey, C. I., M. J. MacSaveney, and L. Richards. "Characteristics of Some Rockfalls Triggered by the 2010/2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence, New Zealand." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 1943–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_344.

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McLean, M. C., M.-A. Brideau, and P. C. Augustinus. "Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation in Greywacke Rocks of the Tararua Range, North Island, New Zealand." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 559–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_92.

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Upton, Phaedra, and Peter O. Koons. "Three-dimensional geodynamic framework for the central Southern Alps, New Zealand: Integrating Geology, Geophysics and Mechanical Observations." In A Continental Plate Boundary: Tectonics at South Island, New Zealand, 253–70. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/175gm13.

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Begg, John G., Katie E. Jones, Mark S. Rattenbury, David J. A. Barrell, Razel Ramilo, and Dick Beetham. "A 3D Geological Model for Christchurch City (New Zealand): A Contribution to the Post-earthquake Re-build." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 5, 881–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09048-1_171.

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Little, Timothy, Ruth Wightman, Rodney J. Holcombe, and Matthew Hill. "Transpression models and ductile deformation of the lower crust of the Pacific Plate in the central Southern Alps, A perspective from structural geology." In A Continental Plate Boundary: Tectonics at South Island, New Zealand, 271–88. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/175gm14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dikes (Geology) New Zealand"

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Moore, Isabelle, Samuel J. Hampton, and Ben Kennedy. "MAKING GEOLOGY ENGAGING: INTEGRATING A SAND VOLCANO MODEL INTO THE NEW ZEALAND EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES CURRICULUM." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-320422.

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