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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Digital usage'

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Published: 13 July 2024

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1

Lau, Kai-kwong Gervas, and 劉啟光. "Digital divide in education : a shift to ethical usage." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206760.

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Under the trend of ICT implementation in education, students’ learning becomes highly reliant on ICT. A student will thus suffer in his / her learning process if he / she lacks the chance of using ICT at home. This is what a divide in student’s learning is. As the occurrence of this divide is due to digital ICT devices and its effect is focussed on students’ academic performance, such divide is termed as digital divide in education (DDE). To bridge this divide, most governments around the world have spent a lot purchasing hardware for schools and even assisting students from low income families to have computers at home. The divide, however, still persists. Nowadays, almost all students have the chance to use ICT. If a student is skilful in using ICT, he / she can learn more effectively by searching useful materials on the Internet. Otherwise, the student may lose his / her learning path. Thus there is a divide in learning between the skilled and unskilled students using ICT. In addition to the learning-related usages, recent studies showed that most students mainly use ICT to play games or for social communication. The divide in learning still exists and shifts to the difference between the students who use ICT for their learning and those who mainly use ICT for other purposes. Moreover, even some of the students using ICT for their studies, such as doing assignments, may use it inappropriately for copying and reassembling materials from the Internet as their assignments for submission. Such surely impedes their learning. The divide in learning then extends to whether students use ICT appropriately. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of DDE on students learning in terms of four facets: the chance of using ICT (access disparity), the skilfulness in using ICT (skill disparity), the ways in using ICT (usage disparity), and the appropriateness of using ICT (ethical disparity). The objective is three-fold. The first one is to examine whether the four facets of DDE affect students’ academic performance, the second one is to investigate whether the four facets are interrelated, and the third one is to explore the factors contributing to the four facets empirically. After reviewing various literatures, the potential factors are categorised into three groups: students’ personal factors, environmental factors, and ethics-related factors. A survey has been conducted to achieve the objective. A pilot test was carried out first to check the reliability and validity of the designed questionnaire. 825 valid responses were obtained from a set of random samples taken from Secondary 2 students in Hong Kong. Statistical methods are employed for investigating the relationship between the four facets and also the factors of each facet. The analysis results indicate that the latter three facets are the main constituents of DDE, significantly affecting students’ academic performance. The facets are also interrelated in a sequence. There is a significant effect of skill disparity on the other two disparities, and there is also a significant effect of usage disparity on ethical disparity. A number of key factors were also found for the facets, including students’ gender, SES, ICT experience, and also their parents’ parenting styles and ICT abilities. Their peers’ behaviour also plays an important role in affecting their appropriateness of using ICT. A number of policy implications are then proposed according to the results, in terms of financing approach of government (e.g. direct subsidy scheme), revision of curriculum, and enhancement of parenting skills.
published_or_final_version
Education
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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2

Valušytė, Eglė. "Research of digital signature implementation and usage inside an organization." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080619_104012-43107.

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While all the modern world is moving to the electronic space and the services are assuming a digital form, one also gives thought to the means to approach to this more and more often, and one of many of the means is digital signature. Electronic signature would even overtake its inky prototype not only in science or IT business, but also in the heads of the consumers, if there were not any traditional, organizational barriers, any fear of innovations and uncertainty amongst many other factors that are useful to explore. The most popular implementation of digital signature - PKI (Public key infrastructure) – can fill a lot more than one function; the variety of all of the PKI application areas is very wide. Also known as assymetric cryptography, PKI can provide an opportunity not only to sign a document, but also a reverse process is possible, that is to communicate safely in the Internet or other net using public key for encoding and private key for decoding. The paper strives to point out the essence and the main principles of PKI, to disclose its possibilities and means for the organizations and the users, to analyse the empirical information in an organization, to measure the current PKI situation in Lithuania also touching Europe, to reveal the mindset and behaviour peculiarities of a potential user of the digital signature.
Visam šiuolaikiniam pasauliui persikeliant į elektronines erdves, paslaugoms įgaunant skaitmeninę formą, vis dažniau susimąstoma ir apie visas priemones tam pasiekti, iš kurių viena – e.parašas. E.parašas kai kuriais atžvilgiais netgi lenktų rašalinį savo prototipą ne tik moksle ir IT versle, bet ir vartotojų galvose, jei ne tradiciniai, organizaciniai barjerai, naujovių ir nežinomybės baimė, bei daugelis kitų veiksnių, kuriuos naudinga ištirti. Labiausiai paplitusi e.parašo realizacija PKI (Public key infrastructure) – viešojo rakto infrastruktūra – gali atlikti žymiai daugiau nei vieną funkciją, visos PKI taikymo sričių įvairovės darbe nepavyktų atskleisti dėl vietos ir laiko stokos. Dar vadinama asimetriniu šifravimu, PKI gali ne tik suteikti galimybę pasirašyti dokumentą, bet įmanomas ir atvirkštinis procesas, t.y., užšifravimui naudojant viešąjį, o iššifravimui – privatųjį raktą, saugiai komunikuoti internete ar kitame tinkle. Darbas siekia parodyti PKI esmę ir pagrindinius principus, atskleisti galimybes ir priemones organizacijoms ir vartotojams, išanaliztuoi empirinę informaciją organizacijoje, įvertinti dabartinę PKI situaciją Lietuvoje, paliečiant Europą, atskleisti galimo skaitmeninio parašo vartotojo elgsenos ypatumus.
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3

Eshetu, Sofia, and Caroline Kinuthia. "Bridging the digital divide : Improving Internet usage in Eastern Africa." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20423.

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Internet is viewed as the most vital digital technology in the globe. Eastern Africa has the least penetration of ICT per capita in the world. Internet is a valuable resource that has propelled enormous economic growth in many developed countries. In order for Eastern African governments to narrow the socio-economic divide between developed countries and themselves, there is need to overcome this digital handicap. Enormous investments in ICT infrastructure are essential. The governments must participate in making crucial decisions to wisely allocate the limited resources to improve the current infrastructure.This thesis investigates Internet use, access and penetration in Eastern Africa. Theoretical research has been carried out to elaborate on the subject matter. Through empirical study, we will come up with a fresh way to verify and understand the Internet situation in the region.
Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik
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Gallardo-Echenique, Eliana, Mark Bullen, and Andrea Castillo. "Peruvian undergraduate students' usage of digital technology in academic context." Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656777.

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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
This paper presents the results of an interview of first-year university students at a private face-to-face university in Lima city on how they use digital technologies in their social and academic lives. This study was positioned in the interpretive paradigm with qualitative research design. Semi-structured interview with 13 open-ended questions was selected as the means of data. Atlas.ti. were used to analysed and coded all the interviews. To provide a well-structured approach to handling a large data set, thematic analysis was employed to analyse the verbatim transcription as outlined by Braun and Clarke. Contrary to the assumption that young learners are seen as highly adept technology users, the findings show that social networks (Facebook and Instagram) and WhatsApp are the most important applications for the participants.
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5

Christ, Mario. "Lay internet usage." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14815.

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Trotz substantieller ökonomischer und sozialer Implikationen des World Wide Webs existiert noch immer eine überraschend große Forschungslücke in Bezug auf empirische Untersuchungen der Webnutzung. Insbesondere bezüglich der individuellen Webnutzung weiß man heute noch wenig über Schlüsselthemen dieses Forschungsfeldes, wie zum Beispiel die Anzahl der Webseitenbesuche von Individuen, der Loyalität von Nutzern, und den demographischen Charakteristika, die bestimmend für die Internetnutzung sind. Deshalb sieht sich diese Dissertation als Schritt zur Überbrückung dieser Forschungslücke. Sie präsentiert die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse verschiedener, voneinander abhängiger, empirischer Studien der individuellen Webnutzung Pittsburgher Bürger. Diese Dissertation erweitert die Forschung im Bereich individuellen Webnutzungsverhaltens durch: - die Analyse des Einflusses der steigenden Anzahl von Webangeboten auf die individuelle Webnutzung, - die anwendung sessionbasierter Maße auf individuelle Webnutzungsdaten, um Einsichten in den Verlauf der Webnutzung bei gleichzeitigem Anstieg der individuellen Weberfahrung zu erhalten, - die Analyse der Loyalitaet im Web von einzelnen Nutzergruppen, um die Frage zu beantworten, ob Nutzergruppen zu favorisierten Seiten im Web konvergieren, - spezifisches Herangehen an das Thema der Portalnutzung im Web und das Beantworten der Frage, ob sich Portalnutzer von durchschnittlichen Internetnutzern unterscheiden. Aus betriebswirtschaftlicher und volkswirtschaftlicher Sicht interessante Webnutzungsmaße werden entwickelt und diskutiert. Die Anwendung dieser Maße führt zu Erkenntnissen bezüglich signifikanter Trends. So wird beispielsweise deutlich, dass keinesfalls eine Gleichverteilung der Nutzung über Nutzer und Zeit besteht. Nutzer können in vier Gruppen mit verschiedenen Entwicklungskurven eingeteilt werden. Alle Nutzergruppen nähern sich über die Zeit Sättigungsgrenzen der Webnutzung an. Außerdem verbringen die meisten Nutzer nur wenig Zeit im Internet. Auch wird deutlich dass Loyalität im Web äußerst gering ist und Webnutzer trotz steigender Erfahrung im Umgang mit dem Internet nicht sonderlich gezieltes Surfverhalten entwickeln. Zusätzlich führt die Anwendung von Regressionsmodellen zu Erkenntnissen über die individuellen Charakteristika, welche die Webnutzung beeinflussen. Solch Charakteristika sind zum Beispiel ethnische Herkunft, Geschlecht, Haushaltseinkommen, Telefon- und Emailnutzung und Computerkenntnisse. Daher liefert die vorliegende Arbeit Erkenntnisse, welche sowohl aus betriebswirtschaftlicher Sicht als auch aus volkswirtschaftlicher Sicht Relevanz haben. Insbesondere können Marketingabteilungen, vor allem in der Informations- und Kommunikationsindustrie, von den vorliegen Resultaten profitieren. Themen wie Webloyalität und Webnutzung, die in der vorliegenden Arbeit angesprochen werden, sind insbesondere relevant für Geschäftsmodelle aus dem B2C Bereich. Adressaten sind dementsprechend zum Beispiel Internetfirmen, welche von Werbeeinkünften aus Bannerwerbung abhängig sind und Firmen, welche einen hohen Grad an Loyalität unter Ihren Webnutzern suchen. Außerdem bilden die Erkenntnisse die Grundlage für staatliche Initiativen, die der Sicherstellung des Zugangs zum Internet alle Gruppen der Bevölkerung dienen. Die vorliegende Arbeit reichert die empirische Grundlage, welche zum Verständnis individueller Webnutzung nötig ist, an. Die Erkenntnisse sind insbesondere für am neuen Informationszeitalter teilhabenden Individuen und Institutionen, auch staatlicher Art, interessant.
Despite the substantial social and economic implications of the World Wide Web, there is still a surprising lack of empirical research on Web usage. Specifically, at the level of the individual user, little is known about key issues of Internet usage, such as the trajectory of change over time in the number of visits to Web sites, the degree of individual loyalty to Web sites, and the demographics that determine Web usage. In order to overcome this lack of research, we report in this dissertation the results of several interrelated studies of individual Web usage patterns of average citizens from the Pittsburgh area. This dissertation advances the research on individual Web usage by: - analyzing the impact of increasing Web site visiting opportunities on Web utilization rates of individual users, - employing session-based measures to data on individual Web usage in order to identify how Web users change the way they use the Web as their level of expertise increases, - analyzing whether different user groups also differ in loyalty to Web sites and whether users converge over time to a set of favorite Web sites, - specifically dealing with the issue of Web portal utilization to answer the question whether Web portal users are different from average Web users. We develop measures of Web usage that are particularly relevant from a business and public policy perspective. By applying these measures to longitudinal data on Web usage, we identify significant trends in individual Internet usage. For example, we reveal that individual Web usage is not distributed equally across subgroups of users. Web users can be clustered into four groups with distinct trajectories of Web usage. All groups reach saturation in their extent of Web usage after following a downward path. Further, most Web users spent only limited time in the Web and only a small group of users uses the Web heavily. Also, users show consistently little loyalty to Web sites. Surprisingly, as Web users gain experience in using the Web, there does not seem to be a significant shift from undirected browsing to directed access of Web sites over time. We apply regression models in order to predict the determinants of Web utilization. Individual characteristics, such as ethnic background, gender, household income, phone usage, e-mail usage, and computer skill level, determine Web usage. Thus, the results have implications for both electronic commerce and public policy as it pertains to the digital divide. They are particularly useful for marketing departments, especially in the information and communication industry. Discussions of Web user loyalty and Web visiting opportunities as conducted in this dissertation are relevant to business models in use in business-to-consumer electronic commerce, especially for Internet companies that rely on advertising income generated from serving banner advertisements and companies that need to maintain a high degree of customer loyalty. The results also provide the factual foundation for key policy initiatives to promote access to the Internet for all groups of people. Policy makers need data on Internet usage in order to measure the size of a possible digital divide and ensure that everybody belonging to the present and the next generation - and not a subgroup of people only - has access to the Internet. In summary, this study advances the empirical foundation for understanding individual Web use. The findings of this dissertation will be useful to stakeholders in the new Information Age, in particular marketing departments and policy makers.
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6

Comeau, Troy O. "Fantasy football participation and media usage." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4726.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on January 31, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Makri, Aikaterini, Karolos-Konstantinos Papadas, and Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. "Global-local consumer identities as drivers of global digital brand usage." Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IMR-03-2018-0104.

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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to represent the first empirical attempt to explore global-local consumer identities as drivers of global digital brand usage. Specifically, this study considers a unique category of digital products, social networking sites (SNS), and develops a set of hypotheses to assess the mechanism through which location-based identities influence the actual usage of global SNS (Facebook and Instagram). Moreover, cross-country variations are investigated under the lens of developed vs developing countries. Design/methodology/Approach: Cross-country surveys in a developed (Austria) and a developing country (Thailand) were conducted. Data collected from 425 young adults were analyzed using SEM techniques in order to test a set of hypotheses. Findings: Results show that in Thailand, users with a global identity enjoy participating in global SNS more than their counterparts in Austria. In addition, consumers with a local identity in Thailand demonstrate less pleasure when participating in global SNS than their counterparts in Austria, and consequently are less inclined to use global SNS. Practical implications: Findings provide digital marketers with useful insights into important strategic decisions regarding the selection and potential adaptation of global digital brands according to the country context. Originality/value: This research is the first to extend the location-based identity research in the context of global digital brands, explain how global-local identities predict SNS usage through an engagement mechanism and investigate cross-country variations of this mechanism.
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Palmer, Bart C. "Web Usage Mining: Application To An Online Educational Digital Library Service." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1215.

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This dissertation was situated in the crossroads of educational data mining (EDM), educational digital libraries (such as the National Science Digital Library; http://nsdl.org), and examination of teacher behaviors while creating online learning resources in an end-user authoring system, the Instructional Architect (IA; http://ia.usu.edu). The knowledge from data/database (KDD) framework for preparing data and finding patterns in large amounts of data served as the process framework in which a latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to IA user data. Details of preprocessing challenges for web usage data are included. A meaningful IA activity framework provided four general areas of user behavior features that assisted in the interpretation of the LCA results: registration and usage, resource collection, project authoring, and project usage. Four clusters were produced on two samples (users with 5–90 logins and those with 10–90 logins) from 22 months of data collection. The analyses produced nearly identical models with both samples. The clusters were named according to their usage behaviors: one-hit wonders who came, did, and left and we are left to wonder where they went; focused functionaries who appeared to produce some content, but in only small numbers and they did not share many of their projects; popular producers who produced small but very public projects that received a lot of visitors; and prolific producers who were very verbose, created many projects, and published a lot to their students with many hits, but they did not publish much for the public. Information about EDM within the context of digital libraries is discussed and implications for the IA, its professional development workshop, and the larger context of educational digital libraries are presented.
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Ajam, Sabin, and Berivan Batak. "How do SMEs in Sweden perceive the usage of SEO?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44583.

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The purpose of this study has been to find out how SMEs in Sweden perceive SEO as a marketing tool. In order to answer the purpose of the study, we have selected five small and medium enterprises to take part in their stories and perceptions of SEO. As a method, we have used interviews to be able to answer the purpose of the essay. We have chosen not to focus on a specific industry because the purpose has been SMEs as it is the majority of Sweden's companies. In the thesis, coding has been used as an analysis tool to interpret our collected material. The results show that there are varied opinions about SEO. However, The majority of informants perceive SEO as a complex system. The essay shows that IP1 and IP5 informants use SEO as a marketing tool but still do not understand SEO completely. The informants use social media as a marketing strategy to reach out to potential new customers and to focus on the word of mouth model. The study also shows that the informants who use SEO see it as an opportunity to grow and make a name for themselves in the industry in which they operate.  Because SEO ensures that companies can be at the top of the list on Google among their competitors and thus easier for potential customers to find the company's website, the company gains a more extensive customer base and grows its business.
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Donat, Elisabeth. "Determinants of internet usage an in-depth analysis of the digital divide." Hamburg Kovač, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990230589/04.

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Lundholm, Emma, and Jon Enbom. "40-talister och internetanvändande : En kvalitativ studie om icke-användande av internet bland seniorer födda på 1940-talet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-314767.

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There’s been a rise of internet usage amongst every demographic group in Sweden the last 20 years. To use internet means that you’re a part of the information society and to be a part of the informatin society means that you’re a part of the democratic society. Even though more people use internet there are still those who does not use it. Within the group senior citizens we can also see a steady rise of internet usage. If we split the group senior citizens into a broader group, one can distinguish people born in the 1940’s as one of the most frequent users of internet. However, within the group there are still individuals who choose not to use internet. The purpose of this study is to help understand the concept of digital divides. Our aim was to do this through applying five different forms of capital: economic, cultural, social, technical and symbolic. With this theoretical framework we want to answer the following the following main question as well as try to answer a more descriptive research question without the use of the theoretical framework. – How can we understand a non-usage of internet through these five forms of capital? – How does individuals born in the 1940’s reason around their non-usage of internet? To answer these questions we did six qualitative interviews with people born in the 1940’s who don’t use internet. The results from the interviews have been analyzed with the previously mentioned capital forms. The result showed that all capital forms have in one way or another helped us understand a non-usage, though some capitals weighed more than others. Overall, the studie gave a greater understanding on how people born in the 1940s reason around their non-usage.
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German, Laura. "Academic research data re-usage in a digital age : modelling best practice." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/383481/.

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Recent high profile retractions – such as the case of Woo Suk Hwang and others – demonstrate that there are still significant issues regarding the reliability of published academic research data. While technological advances offer the potential for greater data re-usability on the Web, models of best practice are yet to be fully re-purposed for a digital age. Employing interdisciplinary web science practices, this thesis asks what makes for excellent quality academic research across the sciences, social sciences and humanities. This thesis uses a case study approach to explore five existing digital data platforms within chemistry, marine environmental sciences and modern languages research. It evaluates their provenance metadata, legal, technological and socio cultural frameworks. This thesis further draws on data collected from semi-structured interviews conducted with eighteen individuals connected to these five data platforms. The participants have a wide range of expertise in the following areas: data management, data policy, academia, law and technology. Through the interdisciplinary literature review and cross-comparison of the three case studies, this thesis identifies the five main principles for improved modelling of best practice for academic research data re-usage both now and in the future. These principles are: (1) sustainability, (2) working towards a common understanding, (3) accreditation, (4) discoverability, and (5) a good user experience. It also reveals nine key grey areas that require further investigation.
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Tang, Annie Yue. "Digital palettes : assessing cultural and industry specific color usage in website design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92644.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 42-43).
It is without a doubt that color is one of the most important and distinctive features of any physical or digital product. With the expansion of the world wide web and increasingly new digital media and online technologies, the color choices that web designers make become a forefront of discussion. A well-designed color palette improves a web page's visual aesthetic and facilitates user interaction. In spite of the wealth of information currently available for designing websites, it is not easy for web designers to create cultural and industry appropriate color selections and determine the best usage for color on a webpage. This thesis project addresses these concerns in two parts. In the first part, a color analysis tool ("Palettes") is created to collect data on how colors are being used in existing websites. The abilities of Palettes include finding 1) the full spectrum of colors used on a website, 2) the percentage of each color on the page, 3) the CSS properties of each color, and 4) the HTML classes or ID associated with each color. In the second part, a semi-automated empirical study of approximately 2,000 websites across 24 countries and 12 different industry-related categories was conducted using this tool. From the pilot study, it can be seen that the primary usage of a website's main colors are in highlighting "action" features, such as buttons and links. Results also show that certain colors can be identified as universally used in website design for all countries and categories studied, but culture-specific and industry-specific palettes can also be identified. Examples of "preferred" palettes are presented along with suggestions on how designers can work with such palettes.
by Annie Yue Tang.
S.B.
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Thangavel, Jayakumar. "Digital Signature : Comparative study of its usage in developed and developing countries." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-217960.

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The online trading is growing widely day by day, which makes safety the biggest concern while carrying out trading by electronic means. As many other operations can be done with digital environment and internet, operation that provides identity validation should also be added to the digital environment. When data are transferred, the user should make sure that there are no changes in the original data while transferring them from sender to receiver. And it has also become necessary to authenticate the users often to ensure security and to avoid fraud. There are lot of different ways of online identification, in which digital signature is considered to be one of the powerful way of authentication. So, the online user use digital signature to authenticate the sender and to maintain the integrity of the document sent. In this paper, a study is carried out to identify the usage of digital signature and the perspective of people towards it in developed and developing countries and a survey is taken to support the theory.
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Oden, Micere Sidi. "Parenting Styles and Children's Usage of the Internet in the Digital Age." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6932.

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Research is limited on the differences between mothers and fathers on traditional and Internet parenting styles, particularly fathers' Internet parenting styles. Baumrind's parenting styles typology guided this quantitative, cross-sectional assessment of mothers and fathers of children age 6-13 years old on 4 dimensions of the Parenting Style Scale; 6 subscales of the Internet Parenting Style Instrument, hours a child spent on the Internet for school versus entertainment, and several key demographics to examine canonical correlation dimensions relating traditional and Internet parenting styles and to examine differences in styles between mothers and fathers. A convenience sample (N =129) was collected from Amazon Mechanical Turk workers via SurveyMonkey. On the first canonical root, participants who had high authoritative and high indulgent scores tended to stop unsuitable websites and tended to have high scores on supervision, rules, support, and communication. A second significant root indicated those who had low neglectful scores, lower levels of education, were older, whose child was older, and whose child spent more entertainment Internet hours tended to not stop Internet chatting and to have low scores on rules and supervision. Mothers scored significantly higher than males on Internet communication, supervision, rules, and stopping unsuitable websites. Positive social change can result in improved parent-child communication as fathers engage in an authoritative parenting style of their children's usage of the Internet. Children's behavior can change from the active involvement of fathers to provide supervision and rules for time limits and content limits for the online activities of children age 6-13 years old.
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Bergström, Frida, and Tilda Ekman. "Digital Platforms in Healthcare : A Case Study of Adoption and Usage Among Elderly Generations." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84926.

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Background – Digitalization and the utilization of ICTs in healthcare have revolutionized the healthcare industry through digital healthcare platforms (DHP). ICTs and DHP’s are highly beneficial for those who have the ability to use them, meanwhile increasing the digital segregation for those who cannot, e.g., elderly generations. Although, elderly generations can particularly benefit from utilizing DHP’s, e.g., enabling independent living. Furthermore, the elderly population is expected to grow globally in the upcoming years, which affects governmental expenditures on healthcare. Purpose – The aim of this study is to investigate what causes elderly not to adopt and use DHP’s, i.e., investigate and develop a deeper understanding of the central barriers for elderly. Furthermore, the second aim is to investigate how DHP providers better can facilitate increased adoption and usage among the elderly generations. Method – This study followed an abductive research approach of a single case company that offers healthcare services through a digital platform. To answer research questions, we primarily used a qualitative research method as well as quantitative data to strengthen our findings. In total, 22 qualitative interviews were conducted with respondents over 65. The interviews were divided between previous users of digital health platforms and non-users. The quantitative data were analyzed through SPSS where uni- and bivariate analysis was performed. Findings – Our finding disclosed that elderly experience mainly two barriers for adoption of DHP’s among elderly: negative attitudes and technology anxiety and one barrier for both adoption and usage: trust. This adds to the previous literature which has not made any distinction between adoption and usage of DHP’s among elderly. Furthermore, this study provides direct development suggestions that can enable increased adoption and usage. Theoretical implications – This study contributes to previous digital health literature by considering digital platforms a part of healthcare. We contribute with deepened knowledge regarding barriers that hinders adoption for elderly and by suggesting development suggestions that are able to bridge each barrier. Managerial implications – The managerial implications of this research are directed towards DHP providers on how they can facilitate increased adoption and usage respectively. The implications include design and marketing options that are able to enable the objective.
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Keegan, Te Taka Adrian Gregory. "Indigenous language usage in a digital library he hautoa kia ora tonu ai /." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2534.

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The research described in this thesis examines indigenous language usage in a digital library environment that has been accessed via the Internet. By examining discretionary use of the Māori Niupepa and Hawaiian Nūpepa digital libraries this research investigates how indigenous languages were used in these electronic environments in 2005. The results provide encouragement and optimism to people who are striving to retain, revitalise and develop the use of indigenous languages in information technologies. The Transaction Log Analysis (TLA) methods used in this research serve as an example of how web logs can be used to provide significant information about language usage in a bilingual online information system. Combining the TLA with user feedback has provided insights into how and why clients use indigenous languages in their information retrieval activities. These insights in turn, show good practice that is relevant not only to those working with indigenous languages, indigenous peoples or multilingual environments, but to all information technology designers who strive for universal usability. This thesis begins by describing the importance of using indigenous languages in electronic environments and suggests that digital libraries can provide an environment to support and encourage the use of such languages. TLA is explained in the context of this study and is then used to analyse aspects of te reo Māori usage in the Niupepa digital library environment in 2005. TLA also indicates that te reo Māori was used by international clients and this usage differed to te reo Māori usage by national (Aotearoa) clients. Findings further reveal that the default language setting of the Niupepa digital library had a considerable impact on te reo Māori usage. When the default language was set to te reo Māori not only were there more requests in te reo Māori but there was also a higher usage of te reo Māori in the information retrieval activities. TLA of the Hawaiian Nūpepa digital library indicated that the Hawaiian language was also used in a digital library. These results confirm that indigenous languages were used in digital library environments. Feedback from clients suggests reasons why indigenous languages were used in this environment. These reasons include the indigenous language content of the digital library, the indigenous language default language setting of the digital library and a stated desire by the clients to use the indigenous language. The key findings raise some interface design issues and support the claim that digital libraries can provide an environment to support the use of indigenous languages.
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Hellberg-Zarders, Simon, and Cécile Menard. "Delving into the digital : A marketing investigation into determinants of app usage intention." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74877.

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Since the advent of the smartphone, mobile applications on these devices have increasingly gained in popularity and have become a staple in the everyday lives of people. This trend has resulted in the development of millions of applications, yet the majority of them are never downloaded or used for a variety of reasons. It is therefore important for consumer behavior research to be conducted on a continuous basis in order to analyze and stay up to date with factors that lead to intention and thereafter, usage of mobile applications. Also, it is necessary to take into account the immense popularity of social media, which has provided firms with an effective avenue to market new applications. The purpose of the study is therefore to investigate the determinants of usage intention of new and free mobile apps in the context of social media marketing.  In order to measure intention, two proven and tested theoretical models were incorporated into the creation of the research model of this study and the formation of the hypothesis; namely the theory of planned behavior (TPB), as well as the technology acceptance model (TAM). To test the hypothesis, a quantitative study was conducted with the help of a self-completion questionnaire which was distributed on social media, and the data collection resulted in 250 valid respondents. The data was processed and analyzed using multiple regression using the statistical program SPSS in order to test the significance of the various independent variables with intention to use new and free apps. The regression analysis resulted in several hypothesis being accepted. Notably, intention to use was highly influenced by attitude, as well as significant relationships between intention and perceived ease of use, as well as perceived behavioral control. Significant relationships were also discovered between attitude, perceived usefulness, and trust. Marketers of new and free mobile apps should focus on fostering a positive attitude through marketing on social media, always be intent on trust-building activities, and work with the developers to create easy to use and highly useful apps. The authors recommend that future studies focus on the influence of different kinds of social media activities on consumers intention to use new and free apps, as social media was only the context of the current study.
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Monks, Ian R. "Digital Water Metering: A Framework and Modelling Tool for Benefit Valuation." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/403249.

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Understanding the touchpoints of water usage metering and how meter data is used in all business areas of water utilities, and in the everyday lives of customers, can lead to an appreciation of the scale of obtainable benefits of digital water metering (DWM). The absence of a systematic cataloguing of benefits, and the measurement of their value to a water utility and its customers, may explain the lack of acceptance of this technology among water utilities. Manual meter reading has been identified as inefficient and ineffective for most utility processes, other than periodic billing for which it too can be problematic. DWM substantially eliminates the walking of meter reading routes by meter readers. It delivers over 2000 readings per quarter (at hourly intervals) rather than just the one reading obtained by the meter reader. Special trips to the property, which are required to read the manual meter when the customer leaves, are also eliminated. Sometimes the customer is asked to read the meter when the water utility cannot. DWM is accurate and automatic whereas manual meter reading is subject to mis-reads and estimation when the meter cannot be accessed. In Australia, and many other parts of the developed world, few water utilities have switched to DWM completely and, in many others, only in particular circumstances, usually involving a lack of physical access or where access by meter readers would be inefficient. Where significant network issues or scarce water resources have existed, digital meters have improved the management of the network and allowed the deferral of network augmentation and the conservation of water. This doctoral research study aimed to address this lack of knowledge of DWM benefits by searching for and cataloguing the benefits, and by developing plausible measures that provide probabilistic ranges of outcomes of savings and changes to customer sentiment. The objectives were to find as many benefits as possible from across water utilities’ operations and among customer interactions with their water and wastewater service provider; to value those benefits, particularly the less-tangible benefits: and to develop a tool to model the value of benefits for water utilities. To identify the benefits, an extensive literature review of academic and industry reports was conducted. Interviews were conducted with several current and past staff of water utilities. The literature review was backed up by structured interviews with employees with specific expertise from a cross section of companies and representing various roles within those organisations. Customers were surveyed directly to identify their responses to the potential of digital metering. Qualitative and quantitative methods were applied to the expert opinions and customer survey responses to develop a valuation model that calculates savings and change in customer satisfaction levels. Other surveys were conducted to collect data from water utilities on specific issues. The valuation model was trialled in the field. The methods and findings are presented in the four journal papers that are included in this thesis. In all, 77 benefits of DWM were identified. These were categorised into a taxonomy based on who would benefit, (i.e., the water business, the customer or both water business or customer) as well as the business areas and sub-areas of those beneficiaries. A second taxonomy was developed that categorised benefits according to sustainability themes. Qualitative analysis of the expert opinions regarding the benefits exposed the range of opinions on the likelihood that benefits could be achieved and the extent of the benefit. While quantifying the savings of individual benefits, two contexts were identified (Cost of Water savings, and Charges and Operational Cost savings) and the need for flexibility to meet local expectations was observed. The customer survey revealed the potential change in levels of customer satisfaction from a current 5.8 (0 – 10 scale) to between 6.2 and 8.8, with a simple average of 7.6. Separate valuation methods within the model were developed for each context. A third valuation method was developed for measuring change in customer satisfaction over multiple years. The application of the model, using a large metropolitan water utility’s data, calculated savings outcomes that were consistent with the utility’s cost-benefit analysis and provided the utility with risk-based probabilistic ranges. DWM benefit savings were also viewed through a sustainability lens after being allocated to the different sustainability themes. The trial raised issues with the framing of business cases for DWM projects and which were then examined. Other findings were made during the study. The commonly used scale used in the Net Promoter Score classification of customers was observed to be inaccurate for relationship type surveys of water utilities, and a new scale was proposed. The potential of data analytics applied to hourly meter readings to answer questions on usage within residential properties was examined through a case study of a regional water utility. A model to optimise the sequencing of meter deployment to gain benefits early was proposed and a prototype model presented. Further, an opportunity for a capability model for intelligent metering was identified and a preliminary model was developed. The study also proposed that a longitudinal study of the uplift in customer satisfaction from the use of DWM be conducted, and that a non-monetary measure of the value of social equity be developed and applied to DWM project proposals.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Eng & Built Env
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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20

Myrgren, Dennis. "Integrating FM/RDS/DAB radio with digital HMI for usage in off-highway vehicles." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Signaler och System, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-325673.

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This thesis aimed to integrate a radio module, for listening to FM and DAB primarily, with CrossControl's display computers. The connection was done by converting the USB signals from the display computer to UART signals that were sent to the radio module. To be able to communicate a communication library was ported from C to Qt, and C++, which was used by a graphical user interface created during the project. This user interface aimed to keep a simplistic and clean look as well as making sure that the user could operate as easily as possible. The different radio standards around the world were reviewed and the analog standard FM radio and the digital standard DAB+ was chosen for testing the capabilities of the radio module, mostly because of their availability in Sweden.
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Bluder, Steven. "The Usage of Smartphone and PDA Based Electronic Drug Databases Among Pharmacists." The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623587.

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Class of 2012 Abstract
Specific Aims: To assess the use of PDA/smartphone based electronic drug databases among pharmacists as it has changed over time. The working hypothesis is that the use of PDA/Smartphone based electronic drug databases has increased over time. Methods: A systematic review of the literature regarding the usage of PDA/smartphone based electronic drug databases among pharmacists using data that was obtained through literature searches. Main Results: Since 2006, the percentage of pharmacists that are using PDA/smartphone based electronic drug databases has increased. Conclusions: The usage of smartphones and PDA based electronic drug databases has increased among pharmacists since 2006 (p<0.05). Easier and cheaper access to the technology has likely led to the products being available to more pharmacists.
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Carlsson, Isabella, and Maria Pettersson. "Perspectives on digital divide : Internet usage and attitudes in Arusha, Tanzania, a minor field study." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Communication, Technology and Design, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-318.

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This paper outlines the current situation of Internet usage and attitudes towards the Internet among ordinary people in Arusha, Tanzania, and examines the views of ordinary citizens on the effects of the arrival of Internet and the possible digital divide.

Using qualitative interviews with equal groups of ordinary Internet users and ordinary non- Internet users in Arusha, the authors found varying levels of awareness about Internet services and facilities and their availability. There was also a widespread concern about immoral western influences communicated by the Internet and how it may affect the domestic culture. It was clearly shown that Internet usage and the possibility to utilize the information found is dependent on education levels and the economic situation of the users, two closely related factors. To get additional views on the subject interviews were also carried out with representatives for Radio and TV stations as well as newspapers located in Arusha, institutions for higher education in the ICT field, Internet providers, and Arusha Municipal Council. To examine the actual Internet usage we extracted random samples of visited websites in several of the Internet cafés, which most of the Arushans use to access the Internet.

It was found that government action is necessary that the in order to bridge the digital divide, but as a result of systematic censorship of media government efforts meet a profound distrust among people, neither does the government consider this to be any of their responsibilities.

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Xu, Beijie. "Clustering Educational Digital Library Usage Data: Comparisons of Latent Class Analysis and K-Means Algorithms." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/954.

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There are common pitfalls and neglected areas when using clustering approaches to solve educational problems. A clustering algorithm is often used without the choice being justified. Few comparisons between a selected algorithm and a competing algorithm are presented, and results are presented without validation. Lastly, few studies fully utilize data provided in an educational environment to evaluate their findings. In response to these problems, this thesis describes a rigorous study comparing two clustering algorithms in the context of an educational digital library service, called the Instructional Architect. First, a detailed description of the chosen clustering algorithm, namely, latent class analysis (LCA), is presented. Second, three kinds of preprocessed data are separately applied to both the selected algorithm and a competing algorithm, namely, K-means algorithm. Third, a series of comprehensive evaluations on four aspects of each clustering result, i.e., intra-cluster and inter-cluster distances, Davies-Bouldin index, users' demographic profile, and cluster evolution, are conducted to compare the clustering results of LCA and K-means algorithms. Evaluation results show that LCA outperforms K-means in producing consistent clustering results at different settings, finding compact clusters, and finding connections between users' teaching experience and their effectiveness in using the IA. The implication, contributions, and limitation of this research are discussed.
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Nauman, Saadia Ishtiaq. "News usage practices of Pakistani university students in the networked media environment." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25463.

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This thesis aims to examine the News Usage practices of young Pakistani university students in the networked news media environment. The development of internet and its subsequent technologies have played a significant role in the transition from Mass Media towards Networked Media and this transition has directly influenced news usage practices. In Pakistan, almost 99% of the sample population of this research has mobile phones. The introduction of 3G and 4G mobile technologies in 2014 and recent ICT policy initiatives suggests that there are plans to subsidize smart phones in the country, which will further boost the digital environment. The news users in Pakistan now have more choices to follow news from multiple platforms and via multiple devices. There is a networked media ecosystem around users and it is continuously evolving and consequently transforming the news media institutions and the users’ news usage experience. The practice of using news is changing and transforming the user’s news usage experience but the available theoretical framework did not adequately address this, until the emergence of the ‘Theory of Mediatization’. The four main contributors to mediatization theory have been Lundby (2014) Hepp (2009), Hjarvard, (2008), Couldry (2008) and Krotz (2007) .Building on their contribution, and including the valuable addition by Winfried Schulz (2004), I am applying the framework of mediatization to a cohort of university students in Pakistan to investigate their changing news usage practices in the networked media environment. I have adopted a mixed method approach, following the double sequential loops method.
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Galpin, Kennedy L. "DuIK Bassel in Usage in After Effects and an Animated Short Film." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/480.

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This thesis was made with the goal of creating a 2D short film in the end, with mainly using a program that is not normally used for character animation: Adobe After Effects. With the usage of an originally French plugin called DuIK Bassel (v16.0.9), I was able to create a model in Adobe Photoshop and then put it into After Effects. When the files were imported, the plugin would then assist in the rigging process, wherein I would be able to create the character’s rig and make the 2D model within the program. This document discusses the entire creation of the short film that I progressed through, from the storyboarding, character creation, rigging process, and putting the elements together.
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Graham, Frances. "Traversing the digital divide : issues surrounding usability of the teachers' website Te Kete Ipurangi : research report." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Christchurch College of Education, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3156.

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Despite the wide availability of computers to teachers throughout New Zealand, and despite the strong philosophy supporting Internet use for teacher development, the actual use of Internet websites aiming to enhance teacher professional development is not high. The New Zealand website Te Kete Ipurangi (TKI) was developed with the aim of connecting teachers to a wide range of materials and information. Professional development of this kind is well supported by many theorists as being able to break down teacher isolation and build a supportive teaching and learning community. Websites for teachers, such as this one, are beginning to develop on the Internet, and their availability to all teachers is of no dispute. The extent to which they are able to be easily employed by teachers as the resources they were intended is, however, a matter only a few have investigated. This research studies some of the navigation aspects of TKI and the usability issues which influence the overall use of this website. Usability tests and a questionnaire were utilised to examine the degree to which this website was usable for teachers and the extent to which there were navigation issues for its intended users. It found that use of TKI was constrained by teachers' own lack of confidence and feelings of inability, as well as several navigation issues. These issues centered on the language used in the website - particularly in the headings; the search facility; the layout of the site; and the speed of use.
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Kreutzer, Tino. "Online and digital media usage on cell phones among low-income urban youth in Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8968.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-76).
Cell phones introduce a range of new possibilities for the use and production of media, for social networking and communication, political activism, and social development. For this study, 441 grade 11 students at nine schools in low-income areas in Cape Town, South Africa were surveyed about their use of cell phones. These young South Africans have adopted a number of ways to use the Web and mobile Instant Messaging. They also commonly access, produce, and share digital media via their phones and the Internet. Internet access has, until recently, only been accessible to the wealthiest fraction of South African society (about 10% of the population) and so this is a highly significant development. Until now, little quantitative data has been available to describe exactly to what extent and how this cohort is beginning to access and use the Internet and digital media on cell phones. The students reported intensive use of cell phones to access mobile Internet applications, at a far greater level than they report using desktop computers to access the Web. Mobile Internet is considerably more accessible to these students than computer-based Internet access and they are choosing to use the Internet primarily for mobile instant messaging and other characteristic forms of mobile media use. This suggests that these students encounter a distinct, mobile version of the Internet. Their experience of Internet access and digital media may consequently be quite different to that of their computer-using peers. An exploratory media and technology usage approach was chosen to determine first, the availability of cell phones and specific features to the students, and, second, the extent to which online and digital media are being accessed, produced, or shared. A detailed questionnaire was distributed to all students from thirteen grade 11 classes at nine schools (n=441). The schools were chosen as random cluster samples from all public secondary schools located in the city's 50% most deprived areas in order to provide a detailed assessment of cell phone usage in an environment similar to that which prevails in many urban South African schools. Activity-based questions indicate that a majority of respondents (68%) have used a cell phone on the previous day to access the Internet, while half of all respondents (49%) used the mobile Internet to access the Web on the previous day. Interpersonal communication was still the most common use of phones, with 87% of respondents making calls or sending SMS messages on a typical day. A significant minority (23%) of students did not own their own personal handset, despite the near universal use of cell phones among all respondents (96% use one on a typical day). While phone ownership correlated strongly with a sense of economic deprivation as well as lower academic performance, there was no significant difference between both groups in terms of their mobile Internet usage. Thus the fact that some students do not own a phone does not seem to create a 'mobile divide' or automatically lead to exclusion from the possibilities of mobile Internet access. Online media were found to be less frequently used than broadcast and print sources. Nonetheless, the fact that 28% of low-income urban youth access online news about once every day, or more often, may have significant implications for South Africa's news media, particularly in the future. Despite the geographical limitations of this study, the results provide an illuminating snapshot of mobile media use by low-income school-going youth in urban Cape Town.
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Adam, Martin [Verfasser], Alexander [Akademischer Betreuer] Benlian, and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Buxmann. "Social Cues as Digital Nudges in Information Systems Usage Contexts / Martin Adam ; Alexander Benlian, Peter Buxmann." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1191369838/34.

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Seven, Asli. "Building sustanibility and trust in the usage of electronic identification using technology acceptance model." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400942.

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El propósito general de esta disertación fue analizar las razones para no usar más eficientemente la identificación electrónica y proponer un modelo conceptual. Para conseguir esto, un estudio empírico realizado sobre una porción de 3359 ciudadanos europeos fue realizado. Especialmente concentrada en la gente que tiene acceso a identificación electrónica en su país, lo cual nos deja con 1156 persona de muestra. El análisis de las relaciones entre el modelo de aceptación de la tecnología, confianza y “e-ID” uso que son analizados en este estudio provee de perspectivas teóricas para diversas disciplinas. Especialmente, contribuciones de dos áreas de estudio son incluidas: Confianza en el E-marketing y tecnología de la información en marketing literario.
The aim of the research is to analyse the target audience and their perceptions according to the usage of eID and to answer the following question:” How can ‘eID as a service’ adoption by service providers are enhanced?” As a result of analysis, the purpose is to build a model to sustain the usage of eID in the selected countries. The general purpose of this dissertation was to analyse the reasons for not to use more efficiently the electronic identification and propose a conceptual model based on technology acceptance model. In order to achieve this, an empirical study on a sample of 3359 EU citizens was carried out. Specifically, focus was on people who had access to electronic identification in their country, which led to 1156 people in the sample.
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Topper, Christin. "Parental Perception of Mobile Device Usage in Children and Social Competency." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3961.

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Parents in the 21st century are concerned with the ubiquity of mobile devices and their effects on the progression of social development. A review of the literature indicated that although digital interaction has become more prominent, limited empirical data existed on whether children who spend more time interacting in the digital realm would develop the necessary competency to handle social situations in real-life settings. Using social constructivist theory and the Schramm model of communication as the theoretical foundations, the present study examined the relationship between mobile device usage and the level of social competency in young children as perceived by their parents, in relation to parental monitoring. A total of 401 parents of children age 5 to 12 years who have their own personal mobile devices completed the online questionnaires. Pearson correlation and linear regression showed that parental report of children's social competency was positively correlated to parental perception of mobile device usage and parental monitoring. Parental monitoring was also found to be a statistically significant moderator of the relationship between parental perception of mobile device usage and parental report of children's social competency. Positive social change of this study may include alleviating the misconception that digital interaction impeded social development, promoting parental role in raising socially competent children in the digital age, and advocating for a more collaborative parental monitoring strategy.
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Souza, Adílio Junior de. "Lexicalização e neologismo: análise funcional em corpus digital." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8403.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This dissertation points out how the appearances of the neologisms in a language, by lexicalization, can contribute to enrichment and updating of the lexicon of the same language. Therefore, it looked for: (i) expose the main concepts about lexicon, neologism and lexicalization, based on the Usage-Based Linguistics (UBL), (ii) it presents 13 lexical items selected from the digital corpus and (iii) present the real relevance of the lexicalization for the formation of new words, for to understand how this affects/changes the multi-system. The corpus used was the one of the Project AC/DC: corpo Corpus Brasileiro, which has about one billion words employed in the most varied use contexts. For the fundamentation of the dissertation, some scholars were consulted, among them we highlight: Martelotta (2011), Gonçalves (2011), Contiero and Ferraz (2014), Correia and Almeida (2012), Carvalho (2009a), Biderman (1981), Câmara Jr. (2011), Pontes-Ribeiro (2007), Castilho (2003a; 2003b; 2008), Cunha (2011), Mendes and Seabra (2006), Ferraz (2006; 2007) and Fortunato (2008). The methodology consists in three stages: a) select of lexical elements samples in the corpus, b) extraction of this samples and compilations of them in tables and c) analyses of collected data. The results revealed that some of the 13 lexicalized words/neologisms, possibly, appeared to fulfill an existing space of linguistic signs in the multi-system, others acquired new meanings when used in new contexts of use and many others are in process of disappearance. The frequency of use was determining in the change of meaning.
Esta dissertação aponta como o surgimento dos neologismos em uma língua, pela lexicalização, pode contribuir para o enriquecimento e atualização do léxico desta mesma língua. Deste modo, buscou-se: (i) expor os principais conceitos sobre léxico, neologismo e lexicalização, com base na Linguística Centrada no Uso (LCU), (ii) apresentar 13 itens lexicais selecionados a partir do corpus digital e (iii) discutir a relevância da lexicalização para a formação de novas palavras, para entender como isso afeta/altera o multissistema. O corpus utilizado foi o Projeto AC/DC: corpo Corpus Brasileiro, que contém cerca de um bilhão de palavras empregadas nos mais variados contextos de uso. Para a fundamentação da dissertação, alguns estudiosos foram consultados, entre os quais se destacam: Martelotta (2011), Gonçalves (2011), Contiero e Ferraz (2014), Correia e Almeida (2012), Carvalho (2009a), Biderman (1978; 1981), Câmara Jr. (2011), Pontes-Ribeiro (2007), Castilho (2003a; 2003b; 2008), Cunha (2011), Mendes e Seabra (2006), Ferraz (2006; 2007) e Fortunato (2008). A metodologia consistiu em três etapas: a) coleta de amostras de itens lexicais no corpus, b) extração dessas amostras e compilação em tabelas e c) análise dos dados coletados. Os resultados revelaram que alguns dos 13 neologismos/palavras lexicalizadas, possivelmente, surgiram para preencher um vazio de signos linguísticos no multissistema, outros adquiriram novos sentidos ao serem empregados em novos contextos de uso e outros tantos estão em processo de desaparecimento. A frequência de uso foi determinante para a mudança no sentido.
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Tsetsi, Eric Lawrence. "Digital Divide 3.0: The Mobile Revolution, Smartphone Use, and the Emerging Device Gap." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613388.

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Digital divide research has recently begun to address the functional gaps between Internet-connected technologies, specifically mobile and wired devices. This study uses nationally representative survey data from the Pew Internet and American Life Project to address this area of research and explores how smartphone-dependence compared to multi-modal access impacts Internet use among key demographic groups including race, sex, age, income, and education. This study also explores how demographic characteristics and smartphone use interact to affect reliance on smartphones and perceptions of the utility of mobile devices. Results show that race, sex, age, income, and education, exhibit different rates of smartphone-dependence, and also perform different online activities with their smartphones. Minorities and younger users are more likely to be smartphone-dependent and multi-modal users suggesting that these demographic groups are adopting mobile Internet technologies faster than Whites and older individuals. Minorities also use smartphones for more news and information activities than Whites, which contradicts traditional usage gap predictions.
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Nilsson, Fanny, Felicia Schützler, and Jennifer Sturedahl. "Preventing Inertia: Levaraging the Usage of Facebook as a Dynamic Capability." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43950.

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Background – Inertia describes a state whereby companies develop slower relative the pace of change experienced by their environment, something most organizations experience at least once in their lifetime. Being in the state of inertia and consequently failing to adapt to change cause new businesses to replace old ones. Therefore, it is important for firms to be dynamic, which enables them to quickly recognize opportunities and threats. A way for companies to answer to these changes is to possess dynamic capabilities, which is found to be a solution for inertia. Digital innovation has played a key role in the evolution of dynamic environments. In order for companies to adapt to changing environments, the need for digital adaptation is becoming increasingly crucial. As a result, digital and social platforms have rapidly emerged throughout society, forcing companies to act to avoid stagnating in their development.   Purpose - This thesis aims to analyze how the utilization of Facebook as a dynamic capability can prevent inertia through the microscope of the Dynamic Capability Framework.   Method - Empirical data was collected through an interview study with employees at strategy and digital media consultancy firms. The participants possess extensive knowledge in the field of strategic implementation of social media. Primary data was gathered through semi-structured interviews and was analyzed in relation to the reviewed theory within inertia, dynamic capabilities, and digital innovation, by a thematic analysis. Findings - The findings of this thesis indicate that by dynamically utilizing Facebook, companies can extensively explore markets. This allows companies to continuously align existing resources by adapting and acting on identified trends within markets. Since these are actions within the Dynamic Capability Framework, a conclusion can be drawn that the usage of Facebook can be a dynamic capability. The usage of Facebook can therefore prevent organizations from entering the state of inertia. The findings further show that in order for the utilization of Facebook to be a dynamic capability, companies must possess extensive user skills and competencies. This research adds to the existing theory of digital media and business development by examining the usage of the social media platform, Facebook, through the lens of the Dynamic Capability Framework.
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ANDERSSON, ALEXANDER, and KARL ESSUNGER. "Physical or Digital Payments : Towards a Dominant Design?" Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-236483.

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Rapid digitalisation development has been stampeding widely across today’s societies, and not least in the payment industry. Though, the digitalisation in the payment industry has been very deviating, even between similar well-developed countries, and while there are positive and negative effects with both digital- and physical payment means, there is little knowledge that highlights the influencing factors and accompanied problems. This study therefore explore swhich, and how, different factors influence a country’s degree of digital payments, and creates further understanding of where the payment markets are heading in the future. It is done through a case study of four different industrialised countries, Sweden, Italy, Canada, and Switzerland which involves mapping the countries’ payment markets, as well as potential factors influencing a population’s payment habits, through a perspective of innovation theory in terms of dominant designs and technological discontinuities. Theory of network externalities and two-sided platforms are further used to explain and discuss how a two-sided market, likethe payment market, is affected by changes and other circumstances in different ways.Conclusions are then drawn from the used theories together with a comparison of the findings,and identifies certain influencers to a country’s distribution of payments, as well as provides indications of where the different payments markets are heading in the future. Data is mainly gathered through written material and credible databases, but also from semi-structured interviews.
Den snabba digitaliseringen har slagit sig fram i dagens samhällen, och inte minst i betalningsindustrin. Dock har digitaliseringen i betalningsindustrin varit mycket avvikande mellan liknande välutvecklade länder, och medan det finns positiva och negativa effekter med både digitala och fysiska betalningsmedel, finns det inte mycket kunskap om påverkandefaktorer och medföljande problem. Denna studie undersöker därför vilka, och hur, olika faktorer påverkar ett lands grad av digitala betalningar, och vidare skapar ytterligare förståelse för var betalningsmarknaderna är på väg framöver. Detta görs genom en fallstudie av fyra olika industrialiserade länder, Sverige, Italien, Kanada och Schweiz, som innebär en kartläggning av ländernas betalningsmarknader, och av potentiella faktorer som påverkar befolkningens betalningsvanor, genom ett perspektiv från innovationsteori i form av dominerande design och tekniska diskontinuiteter. Teori om nätverksexternaliteter och tvåsidiga plattformar används vidare för att förklara och diskutera hur en tvåsidig marknad som betalningsmarknadenpåverkas av förändringar och andra omständigheter. Slutsatser dras sedan från de användateorierna tillsammans med en jämförelse av resultaten och identifierar påverkande faktorer tillett lands betalningsdistribution, samt ger indikationer på var de olika betalningsmarknaderna är på väg framöver. Data samlades huvudsakligen in genom skriftligt material och från tillförlitliga databaser, men även från semistrukturerade intervjuer.
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Renom, Miguel A. "Theoretical bases of human tool use in digital environments." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASG034.

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L’usage d’outils est un phénomène omniprésent dans nos vies. Nous nous servons d’objets comme outils, parfois au-delà des fonctions qui leur sont assignées, à l’instar d’un couteau qui serait utilisé comme tournevis. Selon l’hypothèse du Raisonnement Technique en neuroscience cognitive, les humains font l’usage d’outils en raisonnant sur les interactions mécaniques entre objets. En considérant ce phénomène comme reposant sur les propriétés physiques des objets, cette théorie explique les transferts de connaissances entre interactions objet-objet similaires, donnant une interprétation à l’usage d’un outil à des fins autres que celles qui ont motivées son invention. Dans les environnements numériques, les interfaces utilisateurs contiennent fréquemment des outils avec des fonctions prédéfinies, par exemple, pour formater un texte, défiler un document ou "zoomer" sur une image. Ces outils sont conçus à des fins spécifiques. Cependant, la littérature en IHM met en avant des exemples avec des utilisateurs qui font usage des outils numériques de manières inattendues. Dans cette thèse, j'étudie l’hypothèse du raisonnement technique comme modèle théorique pour comprendre l’usage d’outils numériques, pour leur fonction propre et inattendue. Ceci sur la base des notions que les utilisateurs ont formé du monde numérique. Je commence par décrire une expérience avec des utilisateurs remplissant une même tâche plusieurs fois avec un éditeur de texte, en réduisant progressivement les commandes auxquelles ils ont accès afin d’effectuer cette tâche. Cette méthodologie force les utilisateurs à utiliser une ou plusieurs commandes pour des fonctions inattendues. Alors que la plupart des participants sont arrivés à réaffecter a u moins une commande pour une fonction non prévue, certains ont exprimé des difficultés liées aux biais issus de leur connaissance dans des environnements similaires. Ces observations sont mises en lien avec des phénomènes similaires dans l’usage d’outils physiques, en particulier, la notion de “fixité fonctionnelle” et le raisonnement technique. Ensuite, je présente une étude sur les interprétations que les utilisateurs font des possibilités d’action sur les objets dans un environnement numérique à partir de son interface, et en particulier ses barres d’outils. Je m’intéresse aux objets graphiques et textuels. J’ai développé un environnement spécifique dont les objets peuvent être modifiés tant avec les commandes graphiques qu’avec les commandes textuelles. L’environnement possède deux barres d'outils correspondant aux deux types de commandes. Les participants doivent effectuer une série de tâches e n utilisant les commandes disponibles dans les barres d’outils. Les participants ont montré une tendance à utiliser les commandes de la barre d'outils présentée pendant l’introduction, suggérant un effet d’amorçage qui pourrait empêcher l’exercice du raisonnement technique pour trouver des stratégies alternatives et éventuellement plus efficaces. Finalement, je présente une étude sur des utilisateurs professionnels en édition de texte informant la conception des "Textlets", des objets interactifs qui réifient les sélections de texte comme des outils persistants dans l’édition d’un document. Les textlets représentent un concept génératif qui capitalise sur les principes de l’interaction instrumentale. L'étude a montré l’usage d'un textlet de façon écartée de sa conception originale, ce qui suggère qu’une approche instrumentale peut contribuer à l'utilisation d’outils nume ́riques au-delà des fonctions initialement imaginées. Cette thèse apporte des éléments empiriques montrant la pertinence de l’hypothèse du raisonnement technique comme modèle théorique d’interaction et ouvre la voie à la conception d’interfaces utilisateurs centrées sur des outils et des principes généraux liés aux propriétés "mécaniques" des objets numériques
Tool use pervades our everyday life. We spontaneously manipulate objects as tools, sometimes for tasks beyond their assigned function, thereby re-purposing them, such as when a knife is used as a screwdriver. The Technical Reasoning hypothesis in cognitive neuroscience posits that humans engage in tool use by reasoning about mechanical interactions among objects. By modeling tool use based on abstract knowledge about object interactions, this theory explains how tools can be re-purposed for tasks beyond their original design as a product of knowledge transfer. In digital environments, user interfaces often provide tools with pre-defined functions, such as formatting, scrolling or zooming, meant to be used for a specific set of tasks. However, the literature offers examples of users re-purposing digital tools in unexpected ways. This motivated me to investigate the Technical Reasoning hypothesis as a theoretical model for digital tool use, based on the users’ acquired knowledge of the digital world. First, I studied computer users performing a task in a digital text editor while being constrained to re-purpose some of its commands. While most participants managed to re-purpose at least one command, some experienced difficulty due to biases stemming from their knowledge of procedures and functions learned from similar environments. I relate these observations to phenomena of physical tool use, particularly, technical reasoning and functional fixedness. Next, I studied how users perceive the possibilities for action on digital objects through toolbars in the interface. Using an experimental environment whose objects support both graphics- and text-oriented commands, I controlled the visibility of corresponding toolbars to introduce the environment to participants before performing tasks with both toolbars available. This resulted in strategies where the preferred command types associated with the toolbar presented in the introduction, sugg esting a priming effect, which can hinder the exercise of technical reasoning to use alternative and possibly more efficient strategies. Last, I present a collaboration study about extreme users of text editing tools that led to the design of Textlets: interactive objects that reify text selections into persistent tools for text documents. Textlets constitute a generative concept building on principles of Instrumental Interaction. We observed a user re-purposing a Textlet during an evaluation study, supporting the notion that an instrumental approach may contribute to re-purpose digital tools. This thesis provides evidence of the relevance of the Technical Reasoning hypothesis as a theoretical model for interaction and opens the way to the design of tool-centric interfaces
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Szalkowski, Arkadiusz. "Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants in Poland and usage of new new media by Polish consumers of Internet and sport journalists on the example of Polish sport websites." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-22933.

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The rise of the digital technology, social networking or interactivity have an extensive impact on what is happening in virtual world. Users of Internet are more and more often introduced to the new available on-line tools. Some of them have adapted those new trends with no problems and they have been taking an advantage of them with an ease, whereas others have had problems with converting themselves into the new digital era. Alternatively, others are not fascinated by what Internet offers or they simply cannot afford it due to many circumstances. However, with no doubts, we can say that the Internet and the digital revolution brought about many issues to discuss or to have a research about. To some extent, new trends, especially the expansion of the Internet, are affecting all traditional media and this, in my opinion, might result in the new phenomena like potential division of society into Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants proposed by Prensky (2001a).The project focused on investigating motives for choosing sport websites by both groups with special consideration of interactivity factor. The motives have been checked via in-depth interviews using the sample of ten interviewees both private and professional users of Polish sport informative websites. I wanted to check whether my results either duplicate what Prensky described in his articles or they confirm contradictive opinion given by VanSlyke.Additionally, I have compared those most popular motives with sample of five most often visited Polish sport informative websites, according to Alexa rank (2012). The level of interactivity on those websites was assessed by an appearance of examples of new new media like blogs, podcasts, number of posts on Facebook fan pages, created account on Twitter or channel on YouTube (Levinson, 2010). Also possibility of commenting was taken into consideration. Having checked those variables via cyber ethnography method (secondary method) I was able to identify which of the sampled websites could be considered as most interactive one.Despite persisting limitations, the method has brought reliable and valid data, according to which I have given my conclusions by answering research questions stated at the beginning of this project.
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37

Long, Daniel Wayne. "Exploring Generational Differences in Text Messaging Usage and Habits." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/1060.

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Members of society today embrace multiple communication media for various purposes and intents. Text messaging has been identified as the medium of choice for continual relationship maintenance and text messaging from mobile devices overshadows all other media forms for the support of social connections. Text messaging is changing everything from how operators market their plans to how advertisers and service providers reach consumers. But just as technology usage of social media and internet access are different across generational boundaries, text messaging usage and habits may also be different for various generational groups. The majority of peer-reviewed research regarding text messaging usage habits has focused on adolescent and young adult users with less attention on text messaging usage habits by older adults; there is a scarcity of peer-reviewed research examining cross-generation text messaging habits and texting usage patterns. The primary goal of this study was to assess the similarities and differences in text messaging usage habits, purposes, and support of social connections differentiated by five of the commonly designated generational groups in America; the Post-War Silent Generation, Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials, and Generation Z. A mixed methods study provided data on the text messaging usage habits of members of the generational groups using a pool of adult college students, members of the researcher’s LinkedIn network, and data from a survey service to determine to what extent differences and similarities exist between users’ text messaging usage habits within each generational group. Results indicated generational group membership has a significant effect on a participant’s messaging volume (UV), text messaging partner choices (TMPC), and text messaging social habits (SH), regardless of gender, education level, or employment status. The older the generational group, the more likely they are to prefer talking over texting and to have issues with the device interface. The Post-War Silent generation texts their spouses the least of any group, while Generation X texts their spouses the most, and all generational groups with the exception of Generation Z would limit texting while driving. Generational characteristics seem to have some influence over texting behaviors. Contributions to the existing body of knowledge in the human computer interaction field include an investigation of factors that contribute to each generational group’s willingness to embrace or reject the text messaging medium, and an investigation into the into how each generation views and exploits the texting medium.
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Quan, Lu Lin. "An investigation on 3D shape similarity assessment for design re-usage." Thesis, University of Macau, 2009. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2144075.

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39

Persson-Holmes, Paul, and Pontus Lyngsten. "IT in auditing : A descriptive study about IT-tool usage, IT knowledge, and the future digital environment for auditors." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172383.

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The audit industry is under a digital transformation where various IT-tools are being frequently used by auditors at different experience levels. It is almost impossible to perform an audit with good results without using any IT-tools. Therefore, pressure is put on audit firms,both Big 4 and Non-Big 4 firms to stay ahead or at least up to date in terms of the digital development, implementation and usage of IT-tools to not fall behind its competitors. Educating the audit team members in the different information technology systems (IT) will be of great importance so that auditors can utilize new technology and enhance audit quality.This study contributes with practical knowledge by mapping out and describing in detail how and in which IT-tools auditors spend their time in during their commitments during a typical week. Secondly, the study provides insights on the current IT-knowledge among auditors, which is a factor that influences the use of IT-tools among auditors. Further, this also includes, getting an enhanced understanding of what type of IT-knowledge that is required today, for the audit team member at a specific level, ranging from associates to partners at Big 4 and Non-big 4 firms. Thirdly, the thesis will also discuss impacts of digitalisation and advanced technologies in auditing and give an update of to what degree advanced technologies has been implemented.This was possible to accomplish through an online questionnaire and interview sessions which implied that seven different types of software are used by auditors where Spreadsheet software is one of the most frequently used IT-tools. Auditors generally use software they are familiar with and a resistance towards new software exists. The study also highlights the discussion if the implementation and use of advanced technologies is as widespread as the auditing firms are picturing it. Additionally, there is still a general lack of IT-skills among auditors, and students seeing a future in the auditing profession would have to take responsibility over their own IT-knowledge increasement alongside with educators implementing more IT-courses for students studying Business administration.
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AHLÉN, JOHANNA, and FANNY BENGTSSON. "From likes to commitment : a case study of micro companies’ social media usage." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17439.

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The purpose with the thesis is to identify, analyze and present the problems micro companies in the Swedish fashion and sport industry are facing when using social media as a communication tool in their marketing activities. Also relevant digital communication channels have been investigated and presented. Two case studies have been made with two Swedish micro companies in order to fulfill our purpose and answer our two research questions. The result from the interviews showed that micro companies, overall in the industry, could benefit from using social media as a communication channel, but they struggle to know how they should use it. We answer our research question through creating and presenting our own constructed model that companies should use in their business for planning their social media strategy and overcome the found problems. The thesis is a qualitative research with an abducted approach. We did an active research with a case study on the two companies Kask of Sweden and Gococo. Through deep interviews, we got much information about how they work today and what problems they face when using social media. We have worked with four themes during the entire process; present, relationship, problems and future, to facilitate for the reader and for us. The study has high reability for the investigated companies, and we also argue that it could be of interest for other fashion and sport micro companies at the Swedish market. An theoretical framework was conducted through researching the specific area and finding relevant theory and published material concerning marketing and communicaton, as well as digital marketing theory and publications about social media. The chosen material is presented in the theory chapter where an own constructed model is presented as a guideline for the reader. It will help the reader to find the theories and their elations to each other. We believe it to be a good way of ease the understanding and the relevance of the chosen theories. The research shows that micro companies in the Swedish fashion sport industry faces different problems using social media as a communication platform for their company. Thus micro companies often have a very limited amount of resources and neither have the money, the knowledge or the time to manage a large marketing and communication social media can be beneficial if used properly. Though it comes with a few struggles. The main problems concerned around knowing who their real customer is, how to handle the relationship and create stronger connections with customers, difficulties in knowing which channels to use and how to handle them properly. They also found problems in knowing what how to communicate the right image and get the desired result of the published materials. Lastly the companies sometimes lacked a clear strategy in managing their social media platforms and raised questions about the language use, time consumption and who should run the activates. With our ”Four step-from likes to commitment” model we want to put attention to the most relevant steps a company needs to be aware of before starting and during working with social media, as well as be a strategy to handle and overcome the problems the previously struggled with.
Program: Textilt management, fashion management
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41

Kim, Seonho. "Visualizing Users, User Communities, and Usage Trends in Complex Information Systems Using Implicit Rating Data." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27286.

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Research on personalization, including recommender systems, focuses on applications such as in online shopping malls and simple information systems. These systems consider user profile and item information obtained from data explicitly entered by users. There it is possible to classify items involved and to personalize based on a direct mapping from user or user group to item or item group. However, in complex, dynamic, and professional information systems, such as digital libraries, additional capabilities are needed to achieve personalization to support their distinctive features: large numbers of digital objects, dynamic updates, sparse rating data, biased rating data on specific items, and challenges in getting explicit rating data from users. For this reason, more research on implicit rating data is recommended, because it is easy to obtain, suffers less from terminology issues, is more informative, and contains more user-centered information. In previous reports on my doctoral work, I discussed collecting, storing, processing, and utilizing implicit rating data of digital libraries for analysis and decision support. This dissertation presents a visualization tool, VUDM (Visual User-model Data Mining tool), utilizing implicit rating data, to demonstrate the effectiveness of implicit rating data in characterizing users, user communities, and usage trends of digital libraries. The results of user studies, performed both with typical end-users and with library experts, to test the usefulness of VUDM, support that implicit rating data is useful and can be utilized for digital library analysis software, so that both end users and experts can benefit.
Ph. D.
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Heeley, Melanie J. "To (b)oldly go : a study of older people's usage of ICT and its implications for thinking about (digital) identity." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12279.

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The demographic time bomb means that older people will become a major part of tomorrow's society. This has become an increasingly pressing issue for older people and government policy alike. ONS (2009) statistics suggest that past retirement age, the sense of quality of life (QoL) experienced by older people begins to decrease, with the fastest decline occurring after the age of 70. This research therefore began by investigating how ICT could be implicated in the social life of the older person and thus improve their QoL. Literature reviews of the field of older people's involvement with ICT indicated that there was very little research between the more general studies of ICT involvement (which include far more than the purely social aspects) and the very specific (which involve examining the social impact of just one piece of technology). This study therefore aimed to fill the gap between the two extremes. It also aimed to generate theory in an under-theorised area. The study began with a focus group and interviews asking questions around how people thought social life had changed with the advent of new technologies, how they experienced the technology, and how things could be improved in the future. The study was qualitative in nature and adopted a grounded theory approach in order to inductively generate theory. The study of the lived experience of ICT also contributed to a phenomenological approach. Comparative analysis of transcripts obtained in Phase One (Year One) enabled a set of Grounded Theory Categories to be created which accounted for what was happening in the data. A core category of identity was identified which influenced subsequent data collection in Phase Two (Year Two). Phase Two participants were then involved in more focused interviews around identity concepts. Further analysis in Year Two enabled a Schema of Subject Positions to be created concerning (digital) identities which accounted for all of the participants in the study and the ways in which they viewed and interacted with technology. The Categories were also subsumed within a Grounded Theory Model involving a tripartite identity schema aligned with Giddens theory of the reflexive project of the self. Findings suggest that participants are implicated in methods of identity involvement which can be playful or pragmatic; can be viewed in moral, immoral and amoral ways (leading to ideas of the authentic and the inauthentic); and can represent the individual or explore new identities. Identity construction can ultimately be implicated positively with the use of ICT, and may lead to a virtuous cycle of ICT usage which can improve quality of life by affirming better self-views or enabling the testing of new views of selfhood. Positive technology identities can be offered as identity role models for other older people to follow.
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Pettersson, Amanda, and Josefin Andersson. "Analyzing the usage of digital marketing and relationship marketing within Swedish SME’sin the B2B sector : Examining what is most effective." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-76600.

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Many small/medium-sized businesses to business companies today struggle withdeciding what marketing strategy to adopt since they do not have the same resources aslarger companies have. Large businesses have certain inherent advantages over smallercompanies. They are usually more established on the market, they have moreestablished customers and they have greater amounts of funds and resources in terms offor example, personnel. Yet, SMEs play a crucial role in the European economy wherethey represent an overwhelming majority of 99.8% of enterprises active within EU ́snon-financial business economy. The research that has been made regarding the socialmedia marketing usage and adoption also points to that there is lack of research withinthe B2B sector comparing to the B2C sector. Yet, the research that has been madeindicates that there are several potential benefits of utilizing social media, it has thepotential to generate higher brand awareness, exposure, increased traffic and higherpurchase intentions than what, for example, traditional marketing has and it is alsoknown to be more cost effective. Still, many businesses have still not fully understoodthe potential benefits of utilizing social media as a marketing communication tool,especially SMEs within the B2B sector. Something that they do seem to adopt isrelationship marketing which is not a new phenomenon, it has been one of the majorparadigms in the marketing literature the last decades and is also known to be costeffective and beneficial in many areas. Therefore, the authors in this study chose tomake a comparison between relationship marketing and digital marketing, to see whatstrategy is the most effective one in terms of awareness, purchase intentions and returnof investment. So, the authors carried out a qualitative and multiple case study withseven SMEs in the B2B sector in Sweden. The result show that for creating awarenessdigital marketing seems to be more effective and for creating purchase intentions.Regarding ROI, it was challenging for the authors to draw any connections or to makean overall conclusion about it. It was also found that the companies utilize social mediamarketing mostly for relationship marketing purposes and not as sales channels and thatmost of the companies lack resources both in terms of personnel, time and funding’swhen it comes to social media marketing.
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Brent, Barbara K. "A Survey of the Implementation and Usage of Electronic Dental Records and Digital Radiographs in Private Dental Practices in Mississippi." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3365.

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Implementation of electronic health records by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health has led to the implementation of electronic dental records (EDRs) and digital radiography in dental offices. The purpose of this study was to determine the state of the implementation and usage of EDRs and digital radiographs by the private general and pediatric dental practices in Mississippi as well as reasons why the dental practices are not moving forward with the advanced technology. A survey was emailed to 712 dental practices: 116 responded (16% response rate), and 104 consented to participate (89.66%). Results indicated dental practices in Mississippi using EDRs was 46.07%, EDRs with paper records was 42.70%, and only paper records was 11.24%. Results indicated dental practices using digital radiography was 76.40%, conventional radiography was 13.48%, and both was 10.11%. Common reasons for not advancing were cost, insufficient training, computer/software issues, and “too old.”
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Pokpas, Carlynn. "Exploring the access, usage and perceptions of ICT of women in marginalised communities in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6970.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The experiences and perceptions of ICT access and usage by women in marginalised South African communities is sorely under researched. Where information from a gender-based perspective reflecting potential digital gender disparities exists, it is typically a statistical view of the ICT landscape (largely reflecting access). Exploration of the complex underlying socio-cultural factors affecting women’s ICT usage is under-represented. There is an urgent need to hear women’s own voices and perspectives on such intricate and often obscure subject matter. This research has aimed to bring traditionally overlooked perspectives to the fore by exploring the experiences and perceptions of women in marginalised South African communities regarding ICT access and usage. This qualitative study, guided by a feminist phenomenological perspective, focused on the individual lived experiences of twelve women living in three marginalised areas of the Western Cape of South Africa. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analysed through the Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach. The findings showed that the women had strong attachments to ICT and had integrated it into their own individual contexts, to fit their needs and activities. ICT had been interwoven into various social, economic, educational, political, cultural, recreational and spiritual dimensions of life. A range of factors emerged as having influence on women’s digital participation. Some of the more significant barriers were digital skills and confidence, poor social support systems, affordability of ICT, awareness of personally beneficial opportunities, time constraints, resistance from a male partner and poor literacy. Additionally, the women lived in highly gendered environments, with sociallyconstructed gender norms, roles and identities, which had a strong influence on digital experiences and perceptions. This socio-cultural gender inequality was fundamental in the time constraints, and in the power dynamics and resistance women faced from male partners. Findings indicated that gender identities and traits disadvantage females in the digital context, for example ideas of femininity being viewed as conflicting with a perceived ‘dirty’ ICT field. Detrimental perceptions associating sophisticated ICT activity with males were reportedly prevalent in the communities and some of the women interviewed subscribed to the essentialist theory which considers men inherently better suited to technology. These findings have important implications for policies and practices in view of enhancing the digital inclusion of women in marginalised South African communities. Recommendations towards this end are outlined, specifically centred on gendersensitive approaches in the planning and implementation of digital inclusion initiatives.
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Furnon, Dorothée. "Usage d'un robot de téléprésence en tant que technologie inclusive : quels enjeux pour l'enseignant traditionnel ?" Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2075.

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Les robots de téléprésence sont proposés à des étudiants dont la maladie, l’hospitalisation ou la situation de handicap, empêche la présence physique en classe. La mise en place de cette technologie, s’inscrit dans une logique d’inclusion scolaire, visant une forme de présence de l’étudiant, dans un établissement scolaire ou universitaire dit « ordinaire ». Cependant, aucune étude préalable n’a été réalisée pour rendre compte des dimensions inclusives de cette technologie dans un contexte éducatif. La présence d’un étudiant, médiatisée par un dispositif de téléprésence, démultiplie les espaces d’interactions qui se trouvent situés dans des environnements à la fois physiques et numériques. En effet, l’étudiant utilisateur du robot de téléprésence, dispose de possibilités d’actions dans un environnement distant, qu’il produit à travers un environnement numérique. Cette situation inédite révèle des espaces potentiels de perception et d’action sur le monde et transforme la modalité de présence de l’utilisateur. L’objectif de cette recherche est de proposer une conceptualisation des enjeux de l’utilisation de ce dispositif, dans une visée d’inclusion scolaire. Il s’agit d’une théorisation qui est ancrée dans l’expérience vécue par des étudiants qui utilisent un robot de téléprésence pour des raisons de santé, afin de participer à leurs enseignements. La compréhension de ces expériences subjectives des utilisateurs, assure l’ancrage empirique de notre conceptualisation, dont les résultats mettent en avant les concepts centraux de perception et d’action, qui s’inscrivent dans le concept de présence. Ainsi, dans un contexte d’enseignement configuré en présentiel et médiatisé par un robot de téléprésence, l’inclusion scolaire de l’étudiant utilisateur, se rapporte à une renégociation perceptive réciproque, de la coprésence de l’utilisateur et de l’environnement distant
Telepresence robots are offered to students whose illness, hospitalization or disability, prevents physical presence in the classroom. The implementation of this technology, is part of a logic of inclusive education, aimed at a form of presence of the student, in a school or university called "ordinary". However, no prior study has been done to account for the inclusive dimensions of this technology in an educational context. The presence of a student, mediated by a device of telepresence, multiplies the spaces of interactions which are located in environments both physical and digital. Indeed, the student user of the telepresence robot has the possibility of actions in a remote environment, which he produces through a digital environment. This unprecedented situation reveals potential spaces of perception and action on the world and transforms the modality of presence of the user. The objective of this research is to propose a conceptualization of the stakes of the use of this device, in a goal of inclusive education. It is a theorization that is rooted in the experience of students using a telepresence robot for health reasons, to participate in their teachings. The understanding of these subjective experiences of the users, ensures the empirical anchoring of our conceptualization, whose results put forward the central concepts of perception and action, which are part of the concept of presence. Thus, in a context of teaching configured face-to-face and mediated by a telepresence robot, the student's inclusion in the classroom, refers to a reciprocal perceptual renegotiation, the co-presence of the user and the remote environment
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47

Hardebro, Veronica, and Rebecka Edblad. "EXPLORING ELDERLY PATIENTS´ BEHAVIOR & NEEDS INSIDE DIGITAL HEALTHCARE PLATFORMS." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85388.

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Den ökande och snabba utvecklingen av informations- och kommunikationsteknik har skapat ett nytt ekosystem inom hälso- och sjukvårdssektorn bestående av digitala plattformar. Detta har gjort det möjligt för patienter att söka och ta emot vård på nya sätt som tidigare inte var möjligt. Att digitalisera patientresan har visat sig vara effektivt och underlättar självständigt boende och enkel åtkomst för uppföljningskonsultationer för de som lider av kroniska sjukdomar. Trots detta är många människor, särskilt äldre, underrepresenterade i användningen av digitala vårdplattformar. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka äldre patienters beteende inom digitala vårdplattformar för att tillgodose behoven hos den större befolkningen och minimera den digitala klyftan. För att uppnå syftet formulerades följande forskningsfrågor: Vilka är skillnaderna i användningsbeteende mellan äldre och yngre primärvårdspatienter på digitala vårdplattformar? Vilka är de viktigaste förebyggande faktorerna som påverkar äldres användningsbeteende? Denna studie följde en mixad forskningsdesign. Vi använde SPSS för att utföra one-way ANOVA följt av ett Games-Howell post hoc-test för varje variabel som möjligtvis kunde förklara en skillnad i användningsbeteende mellan yngre och äldre primärvårdspatienter. För att svara på vår andra forskningsfråga genomförde vi 17 intervjuer med respondenter i åldern 60+ som tidigare använt en digital vårdplattform. Våra resultat visar att det finns en signifikant skillnad i användningsbeteende mellan äldre och yngre primärvårdspatienter. Den äldre generationen spenderar mer tid under anamnes, onboarding och i väntekö, där de i åldern 75+ sticker ut mest på alla uppmätta variabler. Den äldre generationen tenderade också att betygsätta tjänsten något lägre, uppskatta deras hälsa högre och bli tilldelad färre antal sjukvårdsexperter i processen jämfört med den yngre generationen. De viktigaste förebyggande faktorerna som påverkar äldres användningsbeteende är den upplevda användbarheten, upplevda användarvänligheten, deras digitala mognad, förtroende, och attityd till digital vård. Denna studie bidrar till den glesa litteraturen inom digitala vårdplattformar och äldres beteende efter adoption av informations- och kommunikationsteknik. Vi tillhandahöll ny kunskap om äldres användning av digitala vårdplattformar i jämförelse till den yngre generationen och lade till en förklaring angående vilka faktorer som påverkar användningsbeteendet hos den äldre generationen. Dessutom stärker vi nuvarande teori genom att betona vikten av att undersöka de påverkande faktorerna snarare än kronologisk ålder. Våra praktiska bidrag riktar sig till både plattformsägare och vårdpersonal med syftet att ge vägledning i hur dessa två aktörer ska agera för att öka användningen bland den äldre generationen, där utformning av plattformen och information är särskilt viktigt att ta hänsyn till.
The rise and rapid development of information communication technologies have created a new ecosystem in the healthcare sector consisting of digital platforms. This has enabled patients to access, seek, and receive care in new ways which was not previously possible. Digitizing the patient journey is proven to be effective while facilitating independent living and easy access for follow-up consultations for those who live in rural areas and are suffering from chronic diseases. Yet, many people, especially elderly, are underrepresented in the usage of digital healthcare platforms. The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate elderly patients’ behavior inside the digital healthcare platforms to accommodate the needs of the greater population and minimize the digital divide. To achieve the purpose, the following research questions were formulated: What are the differences in usage behavior between elderly and younger primary care patients in digital healthcare platforms? Which are the key antecedent factors that influence the usage behavior of the elderly? This study followed a mixed method research design. We used SPSS to perform a one-way ANOVA followed by a Games-Howell post hoc test for each variable that possibly could explain a difference in usage behavior between younger and elderly primary care patients. To answer our second research question, we held 17 interviews with respondents in the age of 60+ that previously had used a digital healthcare platform. Our findings reveal that there is a significant difference in usage behavior between elderly and younger primary care patients. The elderly generation spend more time during anamnesis, onboarding, and in waiting lines, where those in the age 75+ stand out the most on all measured variables. The elderly generation also tended to rate the service slightly lower, estimate their health higher and get assigned to fewer healthcare professionals in comparison to the younger generation. The key antecedent factors that influence the usage behavior of elderly is the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, their digital maturity, trust, and attitudes towards digital healthcare. This study contributes to the sparsely literature within digital healthcare platforms and elderly’s behavior after adoption of ICTs. We provided new knowledge regarding elderly’s usage of digital healthcare platforms in contrast to the younger generation and added an explanation of factors that influence the usage behavior. In addition, we strengthen current theory by highlighting the importance of examining influencing factors rather than chronological age. Our practical contributions address both platform owners and healthcare professionals and aims to give direction in how these two actors should act to increase usage among the elderly generation, where design of the platform and information are especially essential to take into consideration.
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48

Felio, Cindy. "Pratiques communicationnelles des cadres : usage intensif des TIC et enjeux psychosociaux." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00990957.

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Les Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (TIC) font désormais partie du quotidien de travail de la plupart des salariés. L'activité des cadres, salariés les plus équipés en TIC mobiles par l'employeur, est majoritairement réalisée à partir de la médiation de dispositifs communicationnels. Cet équipement leur octroie de nouvelles possibilités : en particulier celle qui consiste à s'affranchir de la dimension spatio-temporelle en restant connectés en permanence avec le travail, et celle qui autorise une plus large modulation de leur emploi du temps. Face à la reconfiguration de leur activité professionnelle, comment les cadres, salariés résolument autonomes, réagissent-ils ? L'objectif principal de cette recherche doctorale vise à accompagner la verbalisation des pratiques quotidiennes des TIC afin d'appréhender l'enjeu psychosocial de cet équipement et d'identifier les éventuelles ressources pour y pallier. Convoquant une approche croisée entre les Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication et la Psychologie du Travail, nous nous intéressons à l'expérience vécue des cadres quant à la médiation technique de leur activité. La méthodologie utilisée est à la fois qualitative et longitudinale. Privilégiant une approche biographique, des entretiens approfondis agrémentés de la Technique des Incidents Critiques ont été menés auprès d'un échantillon de 62 cadres exerçant leurs fonctions en Aquitaine (T0) ; puis réitérés un an plus tard (T1). Les principaux résultats de nos analyses mettent en évidence : le rôle de médiateur des TIC vis-à-vis des risques psychosociaux au travail ; le déploiement volontaire de stratégies de connexion / déconnexion visant à optimiser non seulement l'usage des TIC mais aussi la qualité de vie des sujets ; le caractère discontinu de l'appropriation des TIC attesté par l'expérience d'événements marquants ; mais encore un effet de réflexivité des pratiques amorcé lors du premier entretien.
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49

Freehling, Seth. "The usage of Internet technologies by high school students in the completion of educational tasks outside of the school setting." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2940.

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Examines the use of Information and Communicative Technologies (ICT) by high school students from economically-disadvantaged households to complete homework assignments. Results of a survey of 240 high school students at an urban, inner-city high school located in Southern California, indicated, (1) the Digital Divide is narrowing among social classes, as most students reported having Internet access from their homes, (2) students willingness to embrace new uses of ICT in their studies, (3) the speed of completing homework was increased through the use of ICT multi-tasking and the use of search engines and, (4) computer maintenance issues were not a significant hindrance, as most students have some basic computer literacy skills.
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50

Zhang, Zihan. "Sustainable Water Saving Intervention : A digital user experience solution of more sustainable choice in daily water-use with behavioral change." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96646.

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In recent years, sustainable thinking has been gradually recognized and accepted by more and more users, enterprises, and stakeholders. However, in daily life, there is often a gap between the value of users’ pursuit of sustainable lifestyles and their behavior habits. Also, the connection between different stakeholders is often ignored. The project started by the observation of unsustainable water usage habits of some tenants in the Växjö local housing company Växjöbostäder, and investigated the gaps in the water supply/toll system of Växjö municipality for some apartment tenants and the limitations of current solutions. Therefore, it is necessary to find a more effective solution. The author attempts to guide and change the user’s behavior through design interventions led by digital user experience design, connect the gap between the user and the system, and provide a more sustainable choice. At the same time, as a precedent, this project’s attempt to apply sustainable behavioral interventions to the field of digital user experience products at the system level can also provide some reference for similar projects or designs that may appear in the future. The aim of this project is trying to find solutions to bridge the existing gap between the water management system and the apartment users’ water consumption behavior. The project studies the relevant theories of behavior, analyzes the causes of motivations that lead to behavioral and habits changing, the methods of digital user experience design, and the theory of building sustainable systems. Action research has been used as a methodological guide to design processes, analysis, and reflection. The final design outcome “Drops” is an application based on mobile platforms that develop sustainable water-using habits. The application associates gamification motivation mechanisms, behavioral habit interventions, community social sharing, and the process of using the application with the user’s actual behavior, promotes the formation of user sustainable behavior and inspires users to a sustainable society thinking. From a hierarchical analysis of the system, “Drops” connects different stakeholders in the municipal water supply system, facilitating communications between tenants and communities to achieve positive interactions that promote sustainable behavior.  At the end of this article, the author analyzed the project outcome from the perspective of Växjöbostäder, one of the stakeholders and a possible product distributor, elaborated on the possible advantages of the design for the company’s ecological sustainability and the possibility of the company deploying this application in the market. Also, the author also analyzed and evaluated this project from the perspective of the product itself and different stakeholders, and explained the current limitations and the possibility of future development.
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