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1
Innocenti, Perla. "Preventing Digital Casualties: An Interdisciplinary Research for Preserving Digital Art." Leonardo 45, no. 5 (October 2012): 472–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00448.
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There are practical problems associated with documentation, preservation, access, function, context and meaning of digital art. How do we care for similar works, and which are the theoretical and methodological challenges for curating and preserving digital art? Upon an ongoing case-based investigation of current digital and media art conservation practices at leading international museums, The author investigates how conservation for digital art could benefit from interdisciplinary synergies with Digital Preservation, Art Theory, and Information Management. A longer version of this paper entitled ‘Evolution and preservation of digital art: case studies from ZKM’, was presented at the Association of Art Historians (AAH) Conference 2010, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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Mosweu, Tshepho Lydia, and Lekoko Kenosi. "Implementation of the Court Records Management System in the delivery of justice at the Gaborone Magisterial District, Botswana." Records Management Journal 28, no. 3 (November 19, 2018): 234–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-11-2017-0033.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess whether the implementation of the electronic Court Records Management System (CRMS) at the Gaborone Magisterial District, Botswana, brought improvements in the delivery of justice as expected in the management of case file records. Design/methodology/approach Principally, a quantitative approach utilizing a research survey design, supplemented by a qualitative approach was used in this study. Findings The CRMS implementation led to improvements in case file management at the Gaborone Magisterial District; case files were successfully captured into the system; retrieval of case files became easier; and incidents of lost and misplaced case files went down significantly. Challenges included shortcomings related to the security of digital case files, digital records preservation and disposition, records appraisal, training, inadequate bandwidth and shortage of computers, as well as inadequate archives and records management standards and guidelines. Research limitations/implications The findings of the study are limited to the case study and cannot be generalized to other organizations. Practical implications The findings should aid future implementation of court records management systems in the judiciary specifically and the public sector in general in Africa. Lessons learnt can enable the avoidance of pitfalls experienced in the implementation of CRMS by other courts. Originality/value This paper provides empirical evidence from an original study.
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Pandey, Rahul, and Vinit Kumar. "Exploring the Impediments to Digitization and Digital Preservation of Cultural Heritage Resources: A Selective Review." Preservation, Digital Technology & Culture 49, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pdtc-2020-0006.
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AbstractThis paper presents a careful review of studies underlining the impediments in digitization and digital preservation of cultural heritage resources faced by library professionals, archivists and project managers in digitization projects. A systematic and structured literature review based on the conceptual and empirical published studies on digitization and digital preservation is done to sieve out the barriers and challenges of digitization projects. The findings of the study revealed that most digitization projects suffer with impediments such as, inadequate funding, lack of national-level digital preservation policy and absence of technical infrastructure while digitizing and preserving the cultural and heritage resources. The originality of the paper lies in presenting the prominent constraints in digitization and preservation of cultural and heritage resources in consolidated manner otherwise scattered in several case studies. The findings will be of high significance for librarians and digitization project managers at the planning stage of their digitation projects.
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Abdelmonem, Mohamed Gamal, Gehan Selim, Sabah Mushatat, and Abdelaziz Almogren. "VIRTUAL PLATFORMS FOR HERITAGE PRESERVATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST: THE CASE OF MEDIEVAL CAIRO." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 11, no. 3 (November 22, 2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v11i3.1404.
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Much of the effort in VH is directed towards accurate representation of historic structures, objects or artefacts. There is little attention is paid, however, to the human aspects of city life, the intangible heritage to which people can actually relate. Digital models of historic buildings and spaces only give a sense of precision. Yet, rituals, human attitude and cultural traditions remained a gap in current research and advanced technology in heritage visualization. Virtual Heritage Environments (VHE) suffer from the lack of ‘thematic interactivity’ due to the limited cultural content and engaging modules largely used in photorealistic video gaming systems. In order to approach virtual fidelity and accurate reproduction of historic environments, this paper reports on a research process to investigate and incorporate a Cultural-feed into digital platforms of Virtual Heritage. In doing so, the paper focuses on the Middle East in general and Medieval Cairo in particular. It discusses conceptual and practical framework for the development of virtual heritage platforms as a research, educational and engagement tool that brings historic spaces and buildings back to the recognition of the public eye of the ordinary user. It analyses current practices and projects of the virtual heritage technologies and reports on field work that took place in Islamic Cairo with Five Start-Up entrepreneurs.
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Bruner, Emiliano, and Giorgio Manzi. "Digital Tools for the Preservation of the Human Fossil Heritage: Ceprano, Saccopastore, and Other Case Studies." Human Evolution 21, no. 1 (March 2006): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11598-006-9002-0.
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Moore, Jennifer, and Hannah Scates Kettler. "Who Cares About 3D Preservation?" IASSIST Quarterly 42, no. 1 (December 12, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/iq20.
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Preservation of 3D research data is a present and emerging need. An increasing number of researchers are generating, capturing and/or analyzing 3D data, but are rarely focused on preservation or reuse. This paper and presentation will describe models of 3D data creation and use, outline the specific concerns for this data type, unpack complexities and challenges of preserving it and examine existing 3D data preservation resources while working through local case studies from the field of anthropology. Directions to move digital 3D data preservation forward will be discussed.
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Korenev, V. I. "DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AND 3D-MODELING OF URBAN PLANNING (THE TOMSK CASE STUDY)." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 22, no. 6 (December 29, 2020): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2020-22-6-70-82.
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The paper studies the use of digital technologies and 3D models of cities in solving urban planning problems. The experience in creating the information system for ensuring urban planning and internet sites in Tomsk is demonstrated and the possibilities are shown for their use in graphic-analytic research. The 3D model of the Tomsk-city is proposed to design and explore the flood processes, land use non-observances, architectural design and modeling of the urban environment, and requirements for the architectural heritage preservation.
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Kowalczyk, Stacy T. "Modelling the Research Data Lifecycle." International Journal of Digital Curation 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 331–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v12i2.429.
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This paper develops and tests a lifecycle model for the preservation of research data by investigating the research practices of scientists. This research is based on a mixed-method approach. An initial study was conducted using case study analytical techniques; insights from these case studies were combined with grounded theory in order to develop a novel model of the Digital Research Data Lifecycle. A broad-based quantitative survey was then constructed to test and extend the components of the model. The major contribution of these research initiatives are the creation of the Digital Research Data Lifecycle, a data lifecycle that provides a generalized model of the research process to better describe and explain both the antecedents and barriers to preservation. The antecedents and barriers to preservation are data management, contextual metadata, file formats, and preservation technologies. The availability of data management support and preservation technologies, the ability to create and manage contextual metadata, and the choices of file formats all significantly effect the preservability of research data.
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Samaras, Evanthia, and Andrew Johnston. "Off-Lining to Tape Is Not Archiving: Why We Need Real Archiving to Support Media Archaeology and Ensure Our Visual Effects Legacy Thrives." Leonardo 52, no. 4 (August 2019): 374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01779.
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This paper examines digital asset archiving and preservation practice in the visual effects (VFX) industry. The authors briefly summarize media archaeology theory and provide an overview of how VFX studios presently archive project assets and records, based on case study and interview research conducted with expert VFX practitioners from leading international studios. In addition, the authors propose that current practice could be improved by adopting archival science methods, including digital preservation practices. Doing so will support media archaeology studies of digital cultures over time and ensure that the legacy of VFX creative and technical production thrives for future generations.
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Balogun, Tolulope, and Trywell Kalusopa. "A framework for digital preservation of Indigenous knowledge system (IKS) in repositories in South Africa." Records Management Journal 31, no. 2 (June 16, 2021): 176–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-12-2020-0042.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the digital preservation policies and plans for long-term digital preservation in selected repositories in South Africa, with a view to develop a digital preservation framework for the preservation of Indigenous knowledge system (IKS) in South Africa. Design/methodology/approach Through the multiple case study research design, data was obtained from eight respondents in four Indigenous Knowledge Systems Documentation Centers (IKSDCs) in institutions that are part of the National Recordal Systems (NRS) initiative across four provinces in South Africa using in-depth face-to-face interviews. Data collected was also supplemented with the content analysis of several policy documents in South Africa. Findings The findings reveal that there are no digital preservation policies in place in the institutions, especially long-term digital preservation for IKS. However, some of the institutions are formulating policies that will include the management of IKS collected in the institutions. This study also reveals that digital curation, policy formulation and disaster preparedness plans to some extent are measures said to be in place for the digital preservation of IKS. Research limitations/implications This study focuses mainly on the NRS initiative in South Africa. Indigenous Knowledge (IK) related to traditional medicine, traditional plants and food are currently being digitized at the IKSDCs by IK recorders. This study will help in ensuring that the South African Government’s effort and investment in digitizing IKS and making them accessible online is not wasted. This study will help mitigate the risk of damage and alteration over time, either deliberately or in error. Originality/value This study fills a gap in the literature on the digitization and digital preservation of IKS from the context of the NRS project in South Africa. Very few studies have been carried out on the digital preservation of IKS in Africa. This study also proposed a framework for the digital preservation of IKS in South Africa.
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Cook, Katherine, and Genevieve Hill. "Digital Heritage as Collaborative Process." Studies in Digital Heritage 3, no. 1 (August 18, 2019): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/sdh.v3i1.25297.
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This paper examines the importance of the process of collaboration and community engagement in developing and applying digital heritage resources. It draws on case studies from the authors’ experiences building partnerships between a university’s anthropology undergraduate program and a provincial museum to teach community-engaged applied digital heritage. The process of creating and using digital technologies in heritage environments were transformative for not only students but also professional archaeologists and communities, highlighting the meaningful engagement and understandings that are developed through collaborative making. However, it also highlighted the challenges facing these types of collaborations, including academic and heritage structures, digital preservation/management, and ethics and inclusivity in digitization projects.
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Salamh, Fahad E., Mohammad Meraj Mirza, and Umit Karabiyik. "UAV Forensic Analysis and Software Tools Assessment: DJI Phantom 4 and Matrice 210 as Case Studies." Electronics 10, no. 6 (March 19, 2021): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10060733.
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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) also known as drones have created many challenges to the digital forensic field. These challenges are introduced in all processes of the digital forensic investigation (i.e., identification, preservation, examination, documentation, and reporting). From identification of evidence to reporting, there are several challenges caused by the data type, source of evidence, and multiple components that operate UAVs. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed the current UAV forensic investigative techniques from several perspectives. Moreover, the contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) discovery of personal identifiable information, (2) test and evaluation of currently available forensic software tools, (3) discussion on data storage mechanism and evidence structure in two DJI UAV models (e.g., Phantom 4 and Matrice 210), and (4) exploration of flight trajectories recovered from UAVs using a three-dimensional (3D) visualization software. The aforementioned contributions aim to aid digital investigators to encounter challenges posed by UAVs. In addition, we apply our testing, evaluation, and analysis on the two selected models including DJI Matrice 210, which have not been presented in previous works.
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Nanou, Chrysi, and Rob Hamilton. "Historical Virtualization: Analog and Digital Concerns in the Recreation, Modeling and Preservation of Contemporary Piano Repertoire." Leonardo Music Journal 27 (December 2017): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/lmj_a_01004.
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Modern efforts to preserve and reinterpret canonic musical works in the contemporary piano repertoire often take advantage of new technologies, fundamentally changing core aspects of the works themselves. By approaching preservation as a form of virtualization—in this case the creation of a functional interpretative model of each musical work—artists and researchers can create robust and performable digital versions of important musical systems. This paper introduces the idea of virtualization as a compositional modeling technique and offers three case studies in which digital versions of contemporary piano repertoire were designed and developed.
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Free, David. "News from the Field." College & Research Libraries News 81, no. 11 (December 9, 2020): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.81.11.526.
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Purdue acquires Dorothy Kilgallen collectionMLS funds five pandemic response, professional development, digital inclusion projectsANSS seeks feedback on draft Framework for Information Literacy in SociologyLaw Library of Congress becomes GPO preservation stewardProject MUSE announces new books collectionsGale Case Studies focus on social justice issuesThe HAT Archive highlights haberdashery
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Costa, Alexandre Oliveira, Alexandre Cruz Leão, and Luiz Antônio Cruz Souza. "Technical and Scientific Imaging for Archaeological purpose – A Brazilian case." Archiving Conference 2021, no. 1 (June 18, 2021): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2168-3204.2021.1.0.9.
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This paper is about Technical and Scientific Imaging for caving painting (archeological site in Brazil). High quality imaging with color management has been used, in addition to scientific procedures to generate digital images, capable for recording not visible light (ultraviolet and infrared radiation). In addition, the RTI (Reflectance Transformation Imaging) technique was used. Rock Art is a kind of Cultural Heritage, extremely fragile archaeological remains and susceptible to a series of factors (physical, chemical, anthropic and others) that can cause different impacts for their preservation. The Rock Art can suffer an irreversible damage, which can greatly compromise research and relative studies, then, requiring great scientific and technical procedures for imaging.
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Matthews, Brian, Arif Shaon, Juan Bicarregui, and Catherine Jones. "A Framework for Software Preservation." International Journal of Digital Curation 5, no. 1 (June 22, 2010): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v5i1.145.
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Software preservation has not had detailed consideration as a research topic or in practical application. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework to capture and organise the main notions of software preservation, which are required for a coherent and comprehensive approach. This framework has three main aspects. Firstly a discussion of what it means to preserve software via a performance model which considers how a software artefact can be rebuilt from preserved components and can then be seen to be representative of the original software product. Secondly the development of a model of software artefacts, describing the basic components of all software, loosely based on the FRBR model for representing digital artefacts and their history within a library context. Finally, the definition and categorisation of the properties of software artefacts which are required to ensure that the software product has been adequately preserved. These are broken down into a number of categories and related to the concepts defined in the OAIS standard. We also discuss our experience of recording these preservation properties for a number of BADC software products, which arose from a series of case studies conducted to evaluate the software preservation framework, and also briefly describe the SPEQS toolkit, a tool to capture software preservation properties within a software development.
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Post, Colin. "Preservation practices of new media artists." Journal of Documentation 73, no. 4 (July 10, 2017): 716–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-09-2016-0116.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the preservation practices of new media artists, in particular those working outside of the scope of major collecting institutions, examining how these artists preserve new media artworks in their custody. Design/methodology/approach The paper builds case studies of seven new media artists of differing practices and artistic approaches. For each case study, semi-structured interviews with the artists were conducted in conjunction with visits to the artists’ studios. Findings The study finds that new media artists face a number of shared preservation challenges and employ a range of preservation strategies, and that these challenges and strategies differ markedly from that of art museums and cultural heritage institutions. Research limitations/implications This study considers preservation practices for new media artists generally. Further research into specific communities of artistic practice could profitably build upon this overall framework. Practical implications The findings of this research pose a number of implications for art museums and cultural heritage institutions, suggesting new ways these institutions might consider supporting the preservation of new media artworks before works enter into institutional custody. Originality/value The literature on new media art preservation emphasizes the importance of working with artists early in the life cycle of digital artworks. This study advances this by investigating preservation from the perspective of new media artists, deepening the understanding of challenges and potential preservation strategies for these artworks prior to entering or outside of institutional custody.
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Sun, Z., and Y. K. Cao. "Data processing workflows from low-cost digital survey to various applications: three case studies of Chinese historic architecture." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (August 13, 2015): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-409-2015.
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The paper focuses on the versatility of data processing workflows ranging from BIM-based survey to structural analysis and reverse modeling. In China nowadays, a large number of historic architecture are in need of restoration, reinforcement and renovation. But the architects are not prepared for the conversion from the booming AEC industry to architectural preservation. As surveyors working with architects in such projects, we have to develop efficient low-cost digital survey workflow robust to various types of architecture, and to process the captured data for architects. Although laser scanning yields high accuracy in architectural heritage documentation and the workflow is quite straightforward, the cost and portability hinder it from being used in projects where budget and efficiency are of prime concern. We integrate Structure from Motion techniques with UAV and total station in data acquisition. The captured data is processed for various purposes illustrated with three case studies: the first one is as-built BIM for a historic building based on registered point clouds according to Ground Control Points; The second one concerns structural analysis for a damaged bridge using Finite Element Analysis software; The last one relates to parametric automated feature extraction from captured point clouds for reverse modeling and fabrication.
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Giuliani, Luca, and Sabrina Negri. "Missing Links: Digital Cinema, Analogical Archives, Film Historiography." Intermédialités, no. 18 (May 7, 2012): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009074ar.
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The sudden and permeating rise of digital technologies has been widely investigated by film critics and scholars. However, most studies tend to focus on the impact of digital technologies on contemporary film production, distribution, exhibition and the finished products it brings forth, reserving too little attention to the massive digitization of born-analog films. The production of digital motion pictures marks an unprecedented breaking point in history, putting the very nature of “film” and “cinema” at stake, while the digitization of film prints risks having an irreversible feedback effect on cinema's technological history. Focusing on two case studies—the 1995 restoration of the 1949 color version of Jacques Tati's Jour de fête and the discovery of some 16mm reels on nitrate stock in a collection deposited with the Museo Nazionale del Cinema in Torino, Italy—we illuminate the importance of technology for film historiography and reassert the need for a joint effort on the part of archives and academic institutions in the preservation of film memory for future generations.
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Barwick, Joanna, James Dearnley, and Adrienne Muir. "Playing Games With Cultural Heritage: A Comparative Case Study Analysis of the Current Status of Digital Game Preservation." Games and Culture 6, no. 4 (July 2011): 373–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555412010391092.
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Massafra, Angelo, Davide Prati, Giorgia Predari, and Riccardo Gulli. "Wooden Truss Analysis, Preservation Strategies, and Digital Documentation through Parametric 3D Modeling and HBIM Workflow." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 18, 2020): 4975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124975.
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The main focus of this paper is the most recent phase of a large research project that has studied several wooden roof structures in the area of Bologna, belonging to a set of important historical buildings, all dating back to the 16th and 18th centuries. In particular, the behavior of the wooden trusses that support pitched roofs is analyzed, according to a methodological approach, based on generative algorithms that can help researchers and technicians to improve the comprehension of wooden structures’ behavior during their entire lifespan. While all the previous case studies concerned churches, this latest step extends the survey to the roofing system of the Municipal Theater of Bologna, which has a span of approximately 25 m. The core of the process concerns the automatic transformation of the point cloud into 3D models using parametric modeling tools, such as Grasshopper generative algorithms. Following this workflow, it is possible to speed up the creation of different truss models by changing only a few input parameters. This updating of the research protocol automatically creates a Building Information Modeling (BIM) model and a calculation model for the wooden trusses to perform a structural stress analysis by linking Grasshopper tools with Dynamo-Revit features. The procedure that has been developed from previous studies is still evolving and aims to speed up the modeling procedure and introduce new tools and methods for interpreting the functioning of these structural elements when surveyed through terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) devices.
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Beagrie, Neil, Monica Duke, Catherine Hardman, Dipak Kalra, Brian Lavoie, Manjula Patel, Liz Lyon, and Matthew Woollard. "The KRDS Benefit Analysis Toolkit: Development and Application." International Journal of Digital Curation 7, no. 2 (October 23, 2012): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v7i2.230.
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This paper provides an overview of the KRDS Benefit Analysis Toolkit. The Toolkit has been developed to assist curation activities by assessing the benefits associated with the long-term preservation of research data. It builds on the outputs of the Keeping Research Data Safe (KRDS) research projects and consists of two tools: the KRDS Benefits Framework, and the Value-chain and Benefits Impact tool. Each tool consists of a more detailed guide and worksheet(s). Both tools have drawn on partner case studies and previous work on benefits and impact for digital curation and preservation. This experience has provided a series of common examples of generic benefits that are employed in both tools for users to modify or add to as required.
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O'Rourke, Daniel J., Cory C. Weber, and Pamela D. Richmond. "Environmental Reviews and Case Studies: Addressing the Public Outreach Responsibilities of the National Historic Preservation Act: Argonne National Laboratory's Box Digital Display Platform." Environmental Practice 18, no. 3 (September 2016): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466046616000314.
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Teare, Sheldon, and Danielle Measday. "Pyrite Rehousing – Recent Case Studies at Two Australian Museums." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26343.
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Two major collecting institutions in Australia, the Australian Museum (Sydney) and Museums Victoria (Melbourne), are currently undertaking large-scale anoxic rehousing projects in their collections to control conservation issues caused by pyrite oxidation. This paper will highlight the successes and challenges of the rehousing projects at both institutions, which have collaborated on developing strategies to mitigate loss to their collections. In 2017, Museums Victoria Conservation undertook a survey with an Oxybaby M+ Gas Analyser to assess the oxygen levels in all their existing anoxic microclimates before launching a program to replace failed microclimates and expand the number of specimens housed in anoxic storage. This project included a literature review of current conservation materials and techniques associated with anoxic storage, and informed the selection of the RP System oxygen scavenger and Escal Neo barrier film from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company as the best-practice products to use for this application. Conservation at the Australian Museum in Sydney was notified of wide-scale pyrite decay in the Palaeontology and Mineral collections. It was noted that many of the old high-barrier film enclosures, done more than ten years ago, were showing signs of failing. None of the Palaeontology specimens had ever been placed in microclimates. After consultation with Museums Victoria and Collection staff, a similar pathway used by Museums Victoria was adopted. Because of the scale of the rehousing project, standardized custom boxes were made, making the construction of hundreds of boxes easier. It is hoped that new products, like the tube-style Escal film, will extend the life of this rehousing project. Enclosures are being tested at the Australian Museum with a digital oxygen meter. Pyrite rehousing projects highlight the loss of Collection materials and data brought about by the inherent properties of some specimens. The steps undertaken to mitigate or reduce the levels of corrosion are linked to the preservation of both the specimens and the data kept with them (paper labels). These projects benefited from the collaboration of Natural Sciences conservators in Australia with Geosciences collections staff. Natural Science is a relatively recent specialization for the Australian conservation profession and it is important to build resources and capacity for conservators to care for these collections. This applied knowledge has already been passed on to other regions in Australia.
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Helliwell, John R., Brian McMahon, J. Mitchell Guss, and Loes M. J. Kroon-Batenburg. "The science is in the data." IUCrJ 4, no. 6 (October 6, 2017): 714–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252517013690.
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Understanding published research results should be through one's own eyes and include the opportunity to work with raw diffraction data to check the various decisions made in the analyses by the original authors. Today, preserving raw diffraction data is technically and organizationally viable at a growing number of data archives, both centralized and distributed, which are empowered to register data sets and obtain a preservation descriptor, typically a `digital object identifier'. This introduces an important role of preserving raw data, namely understanding where we fail in or could improve our analyses. Individual science area case studies in crystallography are provided.
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Sands, Ashley E., Christine L. Borgman, Sharon Traweek, and Laura A. Wynholds. "We’re Working On It: Transferring the Sloan Digital Sky Survey from Laboratory to Library." International Journal of Digital Curation 9, no. 2 (October 24, 2014): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v9i2.336.
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This article reports on the transfer of a massive scientific dataset from a national laboratory to a university library, and from one kind of workforce to another. We use the transfer of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) archive to examine the emergence of a new workforce for scientific research data management. Many individuals with diverse educational backgrounds and domain experience are involved in SDSS data management: domain scientists, computer scientists, software and systems engineers, programmers, and librarians. These types of positions have been described using terms such as research technologist, data scientist, e-science professional, data curator, and more. The findings reported here are based on semi-structured interviews, ethnographic participant observation, and archival studies from 2011-2013. The library staff conducting the data storage and archiving of the SDSS archive faced two performance problems. The preservation specialist and the system administrator worked together closely to discover and implement solutions to the slow data transfer and verification processes. The team overcame these slow-downs by problem solving, working in a team, and writing code. The library team lacked the astronomy domain knowledge necessary to meet some of their preservation and curation goals. The case study reveals the variety of expertise, experience, and individuals essential to the SDSS data management process. A variety of backgrounds and educational histories emerge in the data managers studied. Teamwork is necessary to bring disparate expertise together, especially between those with technical and domain education. The findings have implications for data management education, policy and relevant stakeholders. This article is part of continuing research on Knowledge Infrastructures.
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Pietrobruno, Sheenagh. "Cultural Research and Intangible Heritage." Culture Unbound 1, no. 1 (October 14, 2009): 227–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.09113227.
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Intangible heritage deemed worthy of preservation is often regarded as traditional culture that reflects the identity of a particular nation or group. Traditional cultures are distinct from commercial forms, which are transmitted and promoted via businesses, commercial establishments, and media. Research on culture reveals the way that a large part of the world’s intangible heritage includes practices that interweave tradition and commodification as well as blur the boundaries between nations. As these practices do not fit into the clear categories of “traditional” or “national”, they may not be considered for preservation in official project documents such as the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003), by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Many of these practices are being, nonetheless, stored today through the unofficial archiving of moving images on the Internet, facilitated by Web 2.0. Through the case studies of various Caribbean performing arts, this paper illustrates how cultural research can provide a comprehensive understanding of intangible culture in both its lived and digital contexts, knowledge that in turn challenges the process of categorization and the measures of preservation of intangible heritage proposed by UNESCO.
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Schopfel, Joachim, Sylvain Vanacker, Eric Kergosien, and Bernard Jacquemin. "Master’s theses and open scholarship: a case study." Digital Library Perspectives 34, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dlp-07-2018-0021.
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PurposeThis paper aims to show how Master’s theses can contribute to open scholarship and give reasons why this should be done.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides an overview of published studies and, based on the experience at the University of Lille (France), describes some essential aspects for the processing and valorization of these documents in the academic cloud, as a contribution of open scholarship.FindingsBecause of their number and diversity, collections of Masters’ theses in open repositories could be an excellent showcase for the universities’ Master programs and research. They could also offer interesting and large samples for content analysis, citation analysis and text and data mining (TDM). However, some issues need attention, above all intellectual property, quality and preservation. Quality is crucial, and the paper describes how the Lille project proceeds to assure sufficient quality and right clearance, and why the project shifted from students’ self-archiving to a digital library collection in the academic cloud, run by faculty and information professionals. The paper presents also some usage statistics to illustrate the potential, global impact of such a collection.Practical implicationsThe paper provides helpful and empirical evidence and insight for those who want to develop the dissemination of Master’s theses via open repositories.Originality/valueIn the context of open scholarship, only few studies deal with Master’s theses, and this paper is the only recent reference that brings together a review of other papers and a case study with empirical evidence.
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Kurniawan, Bambang Kartono. "YOUTH, CARVING AND DIGITAL MEDIA." Corak 8, no. 1 (May 29, 2019): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/corak.v8i1.2689.
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Wood carver from Jepara have been known as craftsmen who have ability to make creation art carve smooth wood and beautiful results from every his engraving. Generally his expertise owned on a non-formal inherited on a down hereditary from one senior generation to generation. All along it is change social, economic, and culture the community increasingly a little found young engraver in Jepara, who pursue and continue expertise art carve. Many factors that cause reduced interest young generation to continue expertise art tradition carve, But, in some year engraver village Sukodono districts Jepara, started to use of technology digital media marketing for introduce art tradition carve. Through technology digital media, art tradition carve could easy introduced for circles generation millennial. This study aim for knowing how some engraver in the village Sukodono Jepara make use of digital media for art tradition carve, so it could sustainable, and permanent in demand for circles young generation. Method research used were: studies literature, study case, and observation on the perpetrator directly from community art carve village Sukodono in the district Jepara. This research will do two stage. First stage: from research is do mapping the young engraver, with case studies on engraver wood in the village Sukodono. Second stage is observation, interview and documentation art tradition carve wood engraver village Sukodono, This research expected produce recommendation study art carve wood in effort preservation art tradition and bring impact positive for the community. Keywords: digital media, tradition, wood carving Pengukir kayu dari Jepara sudah sejak lama dikenal sebagai perajin yang memiliki kemampuan membuat karya seni ukir kayu yang halus dan indah dari setiap hasil pekerjaannya ukirannya. Pada umumnya keahliannya dimiliki secara non formal yang diwariskan secara turun temurun dari satu generasi senior ke hingga generasi lebih muda. Saat ini, seiiring adanya perubahan sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya masyarakat semakin sedikit dijumpai pengukir muda di Jepara yang menekuni dan meneruskan keahlian seni tradisi ukir. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan berkurangnya minat generasi muda melanjutkan keahlian seni tradisi ukir, Namun demikian, dalam beberapa tahun dijumpai pengukir desa sukodono kabupaten Jepara yang memulai memanfaatkan teknologi pemasaran digital media untuk memperkenalkan seni tradisi ukir. Melalui pemanfaatan teknologi digital media seni tradisi ukir dapat mudah diperkenalkan bagi kalangan generasi milenial. Penelitian seni tradisi ukir ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana beberapa pengukir di desa Sukodono Jepara memanfaatkan media digital agar seni tradisi ukir masih dapat lestari, berkelanjutan dan tetap diminati bagi kalangan generasi muda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan antara lain yaitu: studi literatur, studi kasus, dan observasi pada pelaku langsung dari komunitas seni ukir desa Sukodono di kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan dua tahap. Tahap pertama dari penelitian adalah melakukan pemetaan para pengukir usia muda dengan melakukan studi kasus pada pengukir kayu di desa sukodono. Tahap kedua adalah melakukan observasi, wawancara dan pendokumentasian seni tradisi ukir kayu pengukir desa Sukodono. Diharapkan penelitian ini menghasilkan rekomendasi kajian seni ukir kayu dalam upaya pelestarian seni tradisi dan membawa dampak positif bagi masyarakat sekitar. Kata kunci : digital media, tradisi, ukiran kayu
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Rasmussen, Karsten Boye. "Digital curation after digital extraction for data sharing." IASSIST Quarterly 42, no. 3 (December 11, 2018): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/iq944.
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Welcome to the third issue of volume 42 of the IASSIST Quarterly (IQ 42:3, 2018).
The IASSIST Quarterly presents in this issue three papers from geographically widespread countries. We call IASSIST ‘International’, so I am happy to present papers from three continents in this issue with papers from Zimbabwe, Italy and Canada.
The paper 'The State of Preparedness for Digital Curation and Preservation: A Case Study of a Developing Country Academic Library' is by Phillip Ndhlovu, who works as the institutional repository librarian and liaison librarian, and Thomas Matingwina, who is a lecturer at the Department of Library and Information Service at the National University of Science and Technology (NUST) in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Modern day libraries have vast amounts of digital content and the authors noted that because these collections require very different management than the traditional paper-based materials, the new materials’ longevity is endangered. Their study assessed the state of preparedness of the NUST Library for digital curation and preservation, including the assessment of awareness, competencies, technology infrastructure, digital disaster preparedness, and challenges to digital curation and preservation. They found a lack of policies, lack of expertise by library staff, and lack of funding.
You might conclude that investigating your own organization and reaching the very well known conclusion that 'we need more money!' is not so surprising. However, you have to take note that the Jeff Rothenberg statement from 1995 that 'Digital information lasts forever – or five years, whichever comes first' has not yet sunk in with politicians and administrators, who will immediately associate the term 'digital' with 'saving money'. This study shows them why this is not a valid connotation. It is a study of a single institution, and as the authors note it cannot be generalized even to other academic libraries in Zimbabwe. However, other libraries - also outside Zimbabwe - have here a good guide for making their own assessment of the digital preparedness of their institution.
The second paper was - as was the paper above - presented at the IASSIST conference in 2018 and is also about the transition from media known for thousands of years to new media and digital forms. Peter Peller presented the paper 'From Paper Map to Geospatial Vector Layer: Demystifying the Process'. He is the Director of the Spatial and Numeric Data Services unit at Libraries and Cultural Resources at the University of Calgary in Canada.
The conversion of raster images of maps to vector data is analogous to OCR technologies extracting words from scanned print documents. Thereby the map information becomes more accessible, and usable in geographic information systems (GIS). An illustrative example is that historical geospatial information can be overlaid in Google Earth. The description of the entire process incorporates examples of the various techniques, including different types of editing. Furthermore, descriptions of the software used in selected studies are listed in the appendix. It is mentioned that 'paper texture and ink spread' can be responsible for introducing noise and errors, so remember to keep the old maps. This is because what is considered noise in one context might become the subject for interesting future research. In addition the software for extracting information will most certainly improve.
For once both the author and we at IASSIST Quarterly have been quite fast. The data for the third paper was collected in late 2017 and the results are presented here only a year later. In October 2017 a message appeared on the IASSIST mail list with the start of the sentence 'I would share the data but...' It quickly generated many ways of completing that sentence. Flavio Bonifacio - who works at Metis Ricerche srl in Torino, Italy - quickly launched a questionnaire sent to members of the mail list and to others from similar communities of interested individuals. The questionnaire was an extension of an earlier one concerning scientists' reuse and sharing of data. The paper includes many tabulations and models showing the background as well as the data sharing attitudes found in the survey. A respondent typology is developed based upon the level of propensity for sharing data and the level of experiencing problems in data sharing into a 2-by-2 table consisting of 'irreducible reluctant', 'reducible reluctant', 'problematic follower', and 'premium follower'.
In the Nordic countries we tend to have the impression that certain services are publicly available and for free. This impression is plainly superficial because we Nordic people also know very well that 'there is no such thing as a free lunch'! All services must be paid for in one way or another. If you have many services that carry no direct cost, it is probably because you - and others - paid for them beforehand through taxation. Because of cuts in the public economy one of the things Flavio Bonifacio wanted to investigate was the question 'Is there a market for selling data-sharing services?' The results imply that 'reducible reluctants' can be a target for services that reduce the problems of that group.
Submissions of papers for the IASSIST Quarterly are always very welcome. We welcome input from IASSIST conferences or other conferences and workshops, from local presentations or papers especially written for the IQ. When you are preparing such a presentation, give a thought to turning your one-time presentation into a lasting contribution. Doing that after the event also gives you the opportunity of improving your work after feedback. We encourage you to login or create an author login to https://www.iassistquarterly.com (our Open Journal System application). We permit authors 'deep links' into the IQ as well as deposition of the paper in your local repository. Chairing a conference session with the purpose of aggregating and integrating papers for a special issue IQ is also much appreciated as the information reaches many more people than the limited number of session participants and will be readily available on the IASSIST Quarterly website at https://www.iassistquarterly.com. Authors are very welcome to take a look at the instructions and layout:
https://www.iassistquarterly.com/index.php/iassist/about/submissions
Authors can also contact me directly via e-mail: kbr@sam.sdu.dk. Should you be interested in compiling a special issue for the IQ as guest editor(s) I will also be delighted to hear from you.
Karsten Boye Rasmussen - November 2018
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Solla, Horacio E., Mehmet Y. Iscan, and Barbara McCabe. "A RARE CASE OF IDENTIFICATION AND PRESERVATION OF HUMAN REMAINS. 240 Un raro caso de identificación y preservación de restos humanos." Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica 5, no. 3 (March 28, 2016): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v5.n3.14082.
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Los estudios de casos son ideales para probar la validez de técnicas antropológicas y los estudios antropológico-forenses de casos suelen funcionar como campo de pruebas en varios tópicos de la Antropología Física. El creciente rol que ha jugado los antropólogos en las ciencias forenses ha ayudado a las disciplinas médico-legales en varios aspectos. Por ejemplo, la identificación restos óseos es ahora más segura que nunca. El propósito de éste artículo es mostrar un raro caso de preservación de tejidos blandos de los restos de una niña color que se han conservado transformándose en un molde compacto y describir las técnicas antropológicas usadas para identificar los restos. Los estudios antropológicos forenses indicaban que se trataba de los restos de una niña de color entre 10 y 12 años de edad al momento de la muerte y de 150 cms de estatura. Basados en esos datos preliminares y en la sospecha de que los restos podrían ser los de Jane Doe, víctima de una violación y posterior asesinato. Una superposición digital fue realizada usando una fotografía de la supuesta víctima y el cráneo desconocido. Los estu-dios indicaron que el cráneo hallado se correspondía de manera consistente con el individuo de la fotografía. Estos resultados fueron luego ratificados por un análisis de ADN. Por lo tanto, la Antropología Forense y sus técnicas pueden ser utilizadas en investigaciones médico-legales concretas de manera muy satisfactoria. Case studies are ideal to test the validity of anthropological techniques and forensic anthropology cases function as a testing ground for this aspect of physical anthropology. The increasing role that anthropologists have played in forensic sciences has aided the medico legal disciplines in a number of ways. For example, identification of skeletal remains is now more accurate than ever before. The purpose of this paper is to show a peculiar case of rare preservation of soft tissue of a black child that formed an unique soft tissue casting and to describe anthropological techniques used to identify the remains. The anthropological analysis indicated that she was black racial affinity, between 10-12-year old and was about150 cmof stature. Based on preliminary evidence that the victim might be Jane Doe, a victim of possible rape and murder, a digital superimposition was made using one victim's photograph and the unknown skull. This examination revealed that the skull corresponded consistently with the individual in the photograph. Results were supported by a DNA analysis. Therefore, forensic anthropology techniques can be successfully used in medico-legal investigations.
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Kapetanović, Nadir, Antonio Vasilijević, Đula Nađ, Krunoslav Zubčić, and Nikola Mišković. "Marine Robots Mapping the Present and the Past: Unraveling the Secrets of the Deep." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23 (November 28, 2020): 3902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12233902.
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Underwater cultural heritage sites are subject to constant change, whether due to natural forces such as sediments, waves, currents or human intervention. Until a few decades ago, the documentation and research of these sites was mostly done manually by diving archaeologists. This paper presents the results of the integration of remote sensing technologies with autonomous marine vehicles in order to make the task of site documentation even faster, more accurate, more efficient and more precisely georeferenced. It includes the integration of multibeam sonar, side scan sonar and various cameras into autonomous surface and underwater vehicles, remotely operated vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle. In total, case studies for nine underwater cultural heritage sites around the Mediterranean region are presented. Each case study contains a brief archaeological background of the site, the methodology of using autonomous marine vehicles and sensors for their documentation, and the results in the form of georeferenced side-scan sonar mosaics, bathymetric models or reconstructed photogrammetric models. It is important to mention that this was the first time that any of the selected sites were documented with sonar technologies or autonomous marine vehicles. The main objective of these surveys was to document and assess the current state of the sites and to establish a basis on which future monitoring operations could be built and compared. Beyond the mere documentation and physical preservation, examples of the use of these results for the digital preservation of the sites in augmented and virtual reality are presented.
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Gupta, Dinesh K., and Veerbala Sharma. "Enriching and enhancing digital cultural heritage through crowd contribution." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 7, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 14–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-12-2014-0043.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the status of digitization of manuscripts in India and to give suggestions to transcribe these manuscripts easily, effortlessly and expeditiously. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on the analytical study of the literature available on global efforts in respect of documentation, preservation, conservation and digitization of manuscripts with special emphasis on the efforts of “namami” (acronym for National Manuscript Mission) for Indian manuscripts. Findings Meticulous analysis of literature and case studies give an overview of the diverse practices of public participation/crowd collaboration to transcribe and tagging of the rare and old historical documents around the globe. However, Indian libraries are far behind in adopting such practices. Practical implications India has a very rich cultural, educational and research heritage preserved in the form of manuscripts. These thousands of manuscripts are significant source of knowledge base for many researchers, however, despite their heritage value, these remain inaccessible to the researchers because of their being scattered and unpublished form. Moreover, even the digitized manuscripts remain difficult to use by the researchers because of immense linguistic diversity and scripts. Documentation and digitization of these manuscripts will not only preserve the invaluable heritage of India but also will enable their easy and vast access by the researchers globally. With the rapid growth in digital information and web-based technology, galleries, libraries, archives and museums (GLAM) around the world encourage and engage public participation in various digitization projects to enrich and enhance their digital collections and place them on the web. However, Indian GLAM still refrains to accept and adopt such practices. Thus this paper will encourage and motivate the Indian GLAM to expedite their digitization and uploading them on web for tagging and transcribing. Originality/value This is an original paper and has great implementation value. During the study enormous literature was available on digitization of Indian manuscripts. However, not even a single study could be found on tagging and transcription of these manuscripts, specifically crowd contribution in this area. Hence, the paper, by presenting the evidences of crowd participation for the tagging and transcription of manuscripts globally, proposes the Indian GLAM to exploit the benefits of this practice for Indian manuscripts also in order to expedite the tagging process to enhance their usage.
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García-Molina, Diego Francisco, Ramón González-Merino, Jesús Rodero-Pérez, and Bartolomé Carrasco-Hurtado. "Documentación 3D para la conservación del patrimonio histórico: el castillo de Priego de Córdoba." Virtual Archaeology Review 12, no. 24 (January 19, 2021): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2021.13671.
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<p class="VARKeywords">One of the main objectives of heritage management policies is to promote measures aimed at the maintenance, restoration and enhancement of cultural and archaeological assets. To guarantee this, the responsible institutions must promote actions for the dissemination and transference of cultural heritage, as well as promoting actions with the greatest possible rigour, developing scientific and technical studies that support and improve intervention methods. Recent technological advances in fields such as photogrammetry, digital terrestrial scanning and 3D modelling have made a significant contribution to the digital preservation and dissemination of architectural heritage.</p><p class="VARKeywords">European administrations, in their desire of regional development, as well as the central or local governments have notably boosted the recovery of their rich and diverse heritage. A particular case is Priego de Cordoba’s Castle, a stronghold which was one of the most important monumental icons of the Andalusian period.</p><p class="VARKeywords">Currently, this site is the main target of many architectural interventions and a model due to the implementation of last generation techniques in digital preservation. The local archaeological department promotes a large number of interventions and archaeological excavations. This has made a priority to get a qualitative geometrical 3D documentation, and therefore a constantly updated the point cloud (xyzRGB).</p><p class="VARKeywords">This paper is focussed on presenting the results of the digital preservation process through 2D planimetry obtained from photogrammetric technics, 3D models, and geospatial data. These techniques are a previous step to large architectonical intervention planned in Priego de Cordoba’s Castle, in particular, the identified structures as Wall 1 and Tower 1.</p><p class="VARKeywords">Two out of the three studied structures can be found in Wall 1. They correspond to a cobblestone pavement located in the rampart of the Wall 1, which is a post-medieval period; a double-stepped semi-underground path, excavated in the infill of the wall. The third structure studied in this paper consists of a well, which drills vertically the infill of the wall of the Tower 1. This feature is interpreted in the last research as a vertical well to place the weights of the clock sited in this tower until the 19th century.</p><p class="VARKeywords">This work combines two techniques of geometric documentation to obtain a more complete point cloud. The terrestrial laser scanning, and the photogrammetry due to the higher colour performance, along with the completion of the point cloud obtained with the laser scanner. Along with this study, we will analyse the features which will better define the best technique to fit the documentation of the different structures. Their geometric characteristics, the incidence of sunlight or the accessibility will condition the use and choice of the technique.</p><p class="VARKeywords">We have stated that there is software nowadays which makes it easier to access and consult the information through new computing hardware. Besides, we have highlighted the importance of knowledge and synergy from the different stakeholders implied (city council, technological centre and private companies). The final goal consists of making the society aware of the capital importance of digital preservation as well as dissemination of science.</p>
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Apollonio, Fabrizio Ivan, Filippo Fantini, Simone Garagnani, and Marco Gaiani. "A Photogrammetry-Based Workflow for the Accurate 3D Construction and Visualization of Museums Assets." Remote Sensing 13, no. 3 (January 30, 2021): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13030486.
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Nowadays digital replicas of artefacts belonging to the Cultural Heritage (CH) are one of the most promising innovations for museums exhibitions, since they foster new forms of interaction with collections, at different scales. However, practical digitization is still a complex task dedicated to specialized operators. Due to these premises, this paper introduces a novel approach to support non-experts working in museums with robust, easy-to-use workflows based on low-cost widespread devices, aimed at the study, classification, preservation, communication and restoration of CH artefacts. The proposed methodology introduces an automated combination of acquisition, based on mobile equipment and visualization, based on Real-Time Rendering. After the description of devices used along the workflow, the paper focuses on image pre-processing and geometry processing techniques adopted to generate accurate 3D models from photographs. Assessment criteria for the developed process evaluation are illustrated. Tests of the methodology on some effective museum case studies are presented and discussed.
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Ranft, Richard. "Natural sound archives: past, present and future." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 76, no. 2 (June 2004): 456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652004000200041.
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Recordings of wild animals were first made in the Palearctic in 1900, in the Nearctic in 1929, in Antarctica in 1934, in Asia in 1937, and in the Neotropics in the 1940s. However, systematic collecting did not begin until the 1950s. Collections of animal sound recordings serve many uses in education, entertainment, science and nature conservation. In recent years, technological developments have transformed the ways in which sounds can be sampled, stored and accessed. Now the largest collections between them hold altogether around 0.5 million recordings with their associated data. The functioning of a major archive will be described with reference to the British Library Sound Archive. Preserving large collections for the long term is a primary concern in the digital age. While digitization and digital preservation has many advantages over analogue methods, the rate of technology change and lack of standardization are a serious problem for theworld's major audio archives. Another challenge is to make collections more easily and widely accessible via electronic networks. On-line catalogues and access to the actual sounds via the internet are already available for some collections. Case studies describing the establishment and functioning of sound libraries inMexico, Colombia and Brazil are given in individually authored sections in an Appendix.
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Wilson, Kimberley, and Cheryl Desha. "Engaging in design activism and communicating cultural significance through contemporary heritage storytelling." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 6, no. 3 (November 21, 2016): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-10-2015-0039.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of contemporary storytelling in preserving built heritage, as a mechanism for extending the useful life of buildings. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopted a qualitative action research approach to consider the role of storytelling. A creative, multi-method approach (i.e. a “Brisbane Art Deco” publication and associated marketing campaign) was used as a case study to explore the contours of such an approach and its efficacy in engaging the community. Findings This paper highlights the potential of contemporary approaches to heritage storytelling, including utilising digital technologies, to engage a diverse range of people that may not have otherwise participated. The authors propose the value of taking a creative and whole-of-society approach – such as that used in this case study – to heritage storytelling. Research limitations/implications The case study discussed provides a phenomenological insight into one version of “contemporary heritage storytelling”. The findings have immediate implications for prioritising research into storytelling for the preservation of built heritage. Practical implications The case study demonstrates opportunities for community engagement through storytelling and highlights potential strategies to effectively contribute to a greater societal value of cultural heritage. Originality/value This research contributes to theory and practice around the management of cultural heritage, and highlights the usefulness of employing such a strategy to reach and engage a broader audience.
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Kong, Ningning Nicole. "One store has all? - the backend story of managing geospatial information toward an easy discovery." IASSIST Quarterly 42, no. 4 (February 22, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/iq927.
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Geospatial data includes many formats, varying from historical paper maps, to digital information collected by various sensors. Many libraries have started the efforts to build a geospatial data portal to connect users with the various information. For example, GeoBlacklight and OpenGeoportal are two open-source projects that initiated from academic institutions which have been adopted by many universities and libraries for geospatial data discovery. While several recent studies have focused on the metadata, usability and data collection perspectives of geospatial data portals, not many have explored the backend stories about data management to support the data discovery platform. The objective of this paper is to provide a summary about geospatial data management strategies involved in the geospatial data portal development by reviewing case studies. These data management strategies include managing the historical paper maps, scanned maps, aerial photos, research generated geospatial information, and web map services. This paper focuses on the data organization, storage, cyberinfrustracture configuration, preservation and sharing perspectives of these efforts with the goal to provide a range of options or best management practices for information managers when curating geospatial data in their own institutions.
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Baron, Jason R., and Anne Thurston. "What lessons can be learned from the US archivist’s digital mandate for 2019 and is there potential for applying them in lower resource countries?" Records Management Journal 26, no. 2 (July 18, 2016): 206–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-04-2015-0015.
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Purpose This paper aims to present a high-level summary of the US archivist’s digital mandate for 2019, embodied in the publication “Managing Government Records”, issued on August 24, 2012, and a summary of US policy. The authors then consider the implications of the US e-recordkeeping initiative for lower-resource countries. Design/methodology/approach After setting out key elements of the US Archivist’s digital mandate, the paper proceeds to evaluate its policy implications for lower-resource countries based on the authors’ field experience and knowledge of case studies. Findings The USA is embarking on a state of the art approach for managing public sector archives in a digital form, with deadlines approaching for all federal agencies to manage e-mail and other e-records. Although a similar need exists in lesser-resourced countries, there are enormous barriers to successful implementation of a similar approach. Research limitations/implications The archivist’s 2019 digital mandate assumes that the technology sector will embrace the needs of public sector agencies in working on applicable electronic archiving solutions. Practical implications The Archivist’s Directive has the potential to be an enormous driver of change in the records management profession with respect to future management of increasingly digital archive collections. Vast collections of public sector e-mail and other forms of e-records potentially will be preserved under the directive, raising the stakes that archivists and records managers work on solutions in the area of long-term preservation and future access. Social implications The importance of capturing the activities of public-sector institutions in all countries for the purpose of openness, transparency and access cannot be overstated. In an increasingly digital age, new methods are needed to ensure that the historical record of governmental institutions is preserved and made accessible. Originality/value The US Archivist’s mandate represents a cutting-edge approach to long-term digital archiving with potential future applicability to the management of public sector records worldwide.
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Kerkar, Anvita U., Vankara Venkataramana, and Sarat C. Tripathy. "Morphometric estimation of copepod carbon biomass in coastal Antarctica: a case study in Prydz Bay." Journal of Crustacean Biology 40, no. 1 (November 23, 2019): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruz077.
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Abstract Estimation of copepod carbon (C) biomass is essential in studies of secondary production and ecology in aquatic systems. The coastal Antarctic region belonging to the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean is a globally well-known sink for carbon and is extremely sensitive to climate change. During the austral summer, an attempt was made in Prydz Bay to measure copepod prosomal length and use regression equations to derive copepod C-biomass. The technique involved microscopic measurements, by means of a digital imaging device, of copepods collected at four intervals during a period of 48 hr, and the application of appropriate conversion factors to convert these values into C-biomass. Totals of 10.38 mgC m–3 and 25.55 mgC m–3 were recorded in the upper 200 m on day 1 and day 2, respectively. Out of the six copepod species present, Paraeuchaeta antarctica (Giesbrecht, 1902) (31.12 ± 11.10 µg m–3) and Oithona similis (Claus, 1866) (1.01 ± 0.42 µg m–3) represented the highest contributors to C-biomass amongst the calanoids and cyclopoids, respectively. Reports on copepod C-biomass estimates in general are extremely sparse. To our knowledge, this study is the first of its kind in the study area that provides species-specific estimates of C at every time point using a labor-saving and non-destructive method that allows preservation of the samples for further analyses. Based on the C estimates from our study, it can be said that copepod community is an extremely important component of the carbon cycle in coastal Antarctica.
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Barker, Arthur, and Johan Swart. "Platforms of knowledge: architectural heritage practice and the information age in South Africa." Virtual Archaeology Review 11, no. 22 (January 28, 2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.12234.
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<p>The intellectual basis for preservation and conservation is formed by the study, record and dissemination of the works of humanity. Due to the negative impacts of exponential city growth, through densification and the impact of climate change, more considered design approaches need to be made for the reuse and adaptation of buildings in historical contexts. The fast pace of project design, and implementation, in the 21<sup>st</sup> century, has fostered the need for directly accessible architectural heritage knowledge. Therefore, architectural heritage practice demands access to curated information to ensure considered, and appropriate, design responses. This is important, not only for heritage and other related practitioners, but also for researchers and students. The advent of the Information Age initiated new methodologies for archiving knowledge. These developments provided architectural heritage practice with extended platforms of knowledge, either born-digital or founded on analogue principles. But what are these digital architectural heritage knowledge platforms in South Africa? Where are they located and how is information curated? How accessible is the information and how useful is it for heritage assessment practitioners? This article will describe the development of analogue architectural platforms and their development into digital formats. Thereafter, the nature of architectural heritage practice in South Africa will be defined through an assessment of legislation and professional practice. Then the types of information needed for architectural heritage practice to be effective will be explained. A selection of currently available architecturally related heritage platforms (with a digital bias) will be located and described, followed by a critique of their effectiveness. A number of case studies will then be highlighted to determine the effectiveness of the work of heritage assessment practitioners. The article will conclude by suggesting ways of adding value to current, and future, digital information platforms to cater to the pressing needs of architectural heritage practice in South Africa.</p>
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Boyard, Nicolas, Olivier Christmann, Mickaël Rivette, Olivier Kerbrat, and Simon Richir. "Support optimization for additive manufacturing: application to FDM." Rapid Prototyping Journal 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-04-2016-0055.
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Purpose This paper aims to present a new methodology to optimize the support generation within the fused deposition modeling process. Design/methodology/approach Different methods of support generation exist, but they are limited with regards to complex parts. This paper proposes a method dedicated to support generation, integrated into CAD software. The objective is to minimize the volume of support and its impact on a part’s surface finish. Two case studies illustrate the methodology. The support generation is based on an octree’s discretization of the part. Findings The method represents a first solid step in the support optimization for a reasonable calculation time. It has the advantage of being virtually automatic. The only tasks to be performed by the designer are to place the part to be studied with respect to the CAD reference and to give the ratio between the desired support volume and the maximum volume of support. Research limitations/implications In the case studies, a low gain in manufacturing time was observed. This is explained by the honeycomb structure of the support generated by a common slicing software, whereas the proposed method uses a “full” structure. It would be interesting to study the feasibility of an optimized support, with a honeycomb structure but with a preservation of the surface which is in contact with the part. Originality/value This solution best fits the needs of the designer and manufacturer already taking advantage of existing solutions. It is adaptable to any part if the withdrawal of support is taken into account. It also allows the designer to validate the generation of support throughout the CAD without breaking the digital chain.
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Vincke, S., M. Bassier, R. de Lima Hernandez, I. Dejaeghere, K. Carbonez, and M. Vergauwen. "REMOTE SENSING DATA AS BASIS FOR THE MODELLING AND REASSEMBLY OF DISMANTLED HERITAGE STRUCTURES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (August 26, 2019): 1187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w15-1187-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Remote sensing techniques are invaluable for the documentation and preservation of built heritage. The techniques facilitate fast documentation of highly complex heritage structures with improved accuracies. Furthermore they improve the degree of detail substantially. This is extremely useful for the restoration of collapsed elements or the reassembly of dismantled structures. These entities are often challenging to puzzle back together. Moreover, the differential settlements of the elements over time heavily influence the relative position and orientation of the remaining pieces, further complicating the reconstruction. Digital modelling solutions with a 3D model of the current situation as take-off, are desperately needed by the industry to tackle the present obstacles. In this work, a framework is proposed that facilitates a more accurate reassembly of dismantled heritage elements. It consists of three major phases starting with the accurate recording of the current situation as well as the preserved components. Subsequently, the new design is dititally modelled, reducing the necessary time for the reassembly of the structure, which is the last step in the rebuilding workflow. The presented framework allows for an efficient and comprehensible reconstruction of the structure. A key aspect in the approach is the detection of missing components and the estimation of their dimensions for the production of accurate replicas. The potential is showcased by means of two case studies on the reassembly of flying buttresses and rib vaults of the Saint-James church in Leuven, Belgium, which is currently undergoing major stabilisation works. The presented approach allows heritage experts to gain better oversight over their reassembly project and work more efficiently.</p>
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Canaz, Huseyin, Murat Arslan, Husniye Hacıoglu, Mehmet Tokmak, Gokhan Canaz, and Safiye Cavdar. "Morphometric analysis of the arteries of Willis Polygon." Romanian Neurosurgery 32, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/romneu-2018-0007.
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Abstract Objective: Willis polygon forms the basis of the arterial circulation of the cerebrum. Willis polygon is a vascular structure whom variations are not rare. Knowledge of the anatomy and preservation of its integrity is crucial for performing neurovascular surgery and intracranial tumour surgery. Because of the important vascular and neurological structures, approaches to this region are considered extremely risky. One of the main variations in-person basis is the diameter differences of the arteries, which forms Willis polygon, between the left and right hemispheres. About structure and variations, studies of Rhoton and Yasargil had formed the touchstone. Our aim is to contribute to the literature and clinical studies, to be done in the future, by comparing our results with previous studies about variations and morphometric features of Willis polygon. Methods: Arteries of 30 fresh cadaver brains were examined during autopsies in T.C. Ministry of Justice Istanbul Forensic Science Institute. Bilaterally anterior cerebral artery A1 segment lengths, distance between anterior communicating artery-callosomarginal artery outputs, posterior cerebral artery P1 segment lengths were measured using a digital calliper. After dissections and measures, photos of the region were taken and vascular anatomy and variations noted. From every single cerebrum samples were obtained from bilaterally A1, A2, callosomarginal artery, middle cerebral artery, posterior communicant artery, P1 and basilar artery. Samples were fixed by using 10% buffered-formalin. Taken samples were transported to Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy Laboratory. Samples were examined and interior diameters were measured under the microscope. Results: Our results with artery diameters and lengths were similar with literature. Different from literature, in anterior cerebral artery A1 segment, posterior cerebral artery P1 segment and posterior communicant artery no aplasia were noted. In 50% of the samples, callosomarginal artery were originate from A2 segment. In one case, we observed left and right pericallosal arteries were joined together at the end of the A2 segment and continued as a single pericallosal artery. We could not find any information about this variation in the literature. Conclusion: Before surgical operations, detailed knowledge of Willis polygon and evaluation of the pre-op cerebral angiography considering possible variations, reduce mortality and morbidity ratios. In addition, because of the role of flow gradients of Willis polygon in aneurysm formation, and in terms of better understanding the collateral circulation which is important in vascular occlusive diseases and vascular surgery, we believe, more anatomic studies about this region needed.
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Gherardini, Francesco, Mattia Santachiara, and Francesco Leali. "Enhancing heritage fruition through 3D virtual models and augmented reality: an application to Roman artefacts." Virtual Archaeology Review 10, no. 21 (July 25, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2019.11918.
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<p>The spatial characteristics of museum exhibitions may limit visitors’ experience of the artefacts on display. In the case of large artefacts, limited space may affect their whole visualization, or inhibit the visualization of the details farthest from the observer. In other cases, the storage of artefacts in distant sites (museums or archaeological areas) may influence their knowledge process or the possibility for comparative analysis. Moreover, the precarious state of preservation of some artefacts, with damaged or missing parts, makes it difficult to perceive their original appearance. To overcome these limitations, we propose an integrated approach based on 3D virtual models and Augmented Reality (AR) to enhance the fruition of artefacts, improving their visualization, analysis and personal/shared knowledge, also by overcoming space and time constraints. The final AR application is an easily accessible tool for most users from a mobile device, used both inside and outside museums, opening new perspectives for fruition. The framework encourages the use of free and open source software and standard devices, to maximize their dissemination and exploit the potential of such technologies, which is far greater than current use in the cultural heritage field. Selected case studies to test and validate the integrated framework are proposed, dealing with some Roman artefacts found in the area of Modena (Italy). The first is a Roman floor mosaic, found in Savignano sul Panaro (near Modena) in 2011, of which less than half of its original 4.5 x 6.9 m surface is preserved. The others are two Roman funerary lion sculptures: the first is one of two lions flanking the main door of Modena Cathedral, and the second, well-preserved but damaged, is housed in the Museo Lapidario Estense of Modena. Finally, the application was tested by museum experts and visitors both inside and outside the museum, and positively assessed.</p><p><strong>Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Digital practice is not understood as a prerogative of a small number of people, but as a tool to guarantee and expand artefact fruition, using standard devices and free and open source software.</p></li><li><p>Experimentation of new settings to re-contextualize artefacts and establish possible links among them, offering engaging and customized experiences to improve their accessibility and enjoyment.</p></li><li><p>Promotion of artefact fruition not only in but also outside museums, such as in a classroom or an open and shared space, opening to new approaches in the fruition of cultural heritage.</p></li></ul>
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Luhova, Tetiana. "NARRATIVE AND STORYTELLING IN THE KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURE OF THE EDUCATIONAL BUSINESS VIDEO GAMES AS FACTORS OF THE SYNERGY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND SPIRITUALLY-ORIENTED PEDAGOGY." OPEN EDUCATIONAL E-ENVIRONMENT OF MODERN UNIVERSITY, no. 8 (2020): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2414-0325.2020.8.6.
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The article touches on the issues of humanization of modern technologically advanced education, analyzes the synergy factors of information technology and spiritually-oriented pedagogy to prepare a new generation of humanist managers. For this, the role of narrative and storytelling in the process of creating educational computer games that form the competence of making managerial decisions is determined. An analysis of the knowledge structure of educational games on the basis of the proposed methodology for developing their plot shows the need to balance the processes of formalization of educational processes in the game, preserving narrative by referring to works of folk art, classical fiction as sources of implicit knowledge. The threats of formalization and automation of modern education are described. It has been found that “relay” learning is superficial, it does not contribute to the formation of critical and systemic thinking. As a result, this leads to the emergence of a generation of techno-button-managers. It is indicated that the preservation and effective translation of deep narratives containing educational humanistic meanings is a priority for designers of educational video games. The components of the game by D. Gray, game history and pedagogical strategies in the MDA model are compared, which made it possible to clarify the meaning of the terms “narrative”, “plot”, “storytelling”, to determine the place of their greatest actualization in the process of creating educational computer games. Considering the general tendency of the techno-environment to reduce, optimize and formalize, the task of preserving tacit knowledge, correct translation of it into over-formalized knowledge (morals, formulas) through effective storytelling, embodied in "active learning" of computer games, is crucial. In this case, the narrative plays the role of a base of spiritual-oriented knowledge, and with the help of storytelling it balances the spiritual-ethical meanings and educational results of a business video game. The meaning of the terms "narratives" and "storytelling" is considered, the Ukrainian-language terms-analogues are proposed. The importance of adhering to the principle of non-linear game plot for increasing the effectiveness of business games is revealed. The close relationship of business games with case studies, project- and problem-based training was emphasized. The correlation of narratology and ludology of the game is shown in the matrix of transformation of professional competencies and procedures for making managerial decisions into the rules of the game, their metaphorization and translation into script phrases. It is shown that the gamification of training exercises and situations is a synergy of creative and information-analytical work with databases and game design project documents. The core of educational game design is the balance of narrative and storytelling, explicit and implicit knowledge. This balance is achieved through effective collaboration and communication between all participants in the educational and business processes. Creation of virtual learning environments in which a future leader has an opportunity to formulate and comprehensively develop the competencies of business communication and managerial decision-making in situations of uncertainty and ethical dilemmas is a promising area of digital education.
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Segaetsho, Thatayaone, and Julie Moloi. "Integration of Digital Preservation Knowledge, Skills and Competencies in the Teaching Curricula of Library and Information Studies at the University of Botswana." Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies 37, no. 1 (October 29, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2663-659x/6436.
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In the past few decades, digital technology has found a place in the acquisition, arrangement, description, preservation, and dissemination of information. However, heritage institutions are perturbed by the challenges of digital preservation strategies particularly for education. Despite continuous investment in digital preservation, there are limited skilled professionals to equip learners with the knowledge, skills and competencies required to drive digital preservation in Botswana. Therefore, this paper investigated the knowledge, skills and competencies related to digital preservation in the teaching curricula of the Department of Library and Information Studies (DLIS) at the University of Botswana. Data collection was done through intensive structured interviews with specific educators who teach courses on digital preservation in the archives and records management stream. The study revealed that despite the fact that the educators in preservation courses are aware of current trends in digital preservation, most of them have not obtained formal degree certification specific to digital preservation. The findings further revealed that minimal digital preservation competencies are observed in the teaching curricula. A significant number of challenges observed illustrated mainly a lack of resources and limited skills in terms of practical demonstrations by educators. The curricula mostly lacked clarity on long-term and short-term digital preservation. The study recommends that DLIS and other institutions should conduct surveys or curriculum auditing on digital preservation in order to improve the teaching content. A significant number of shortcomings regarding digital preservation that could motivate further studies are also discussed under the conclusion and recommendations section of this study.
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Ernst, Wolfgang. "Radical Media Archaeology (its epistemology, aesthetics and case studies)." Artnodes, no. 21 (July 15, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.7238/a.v0i21.3205.
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Media Archaeology is both a method and an aesthetics of approaching technical objects. Within a broad range of such academic and artistic practices, radical media archaeology will be presented against the soft archaeological metaphor, with an emphasis on Foucault’s approach and the non-human meaning of media-active archaeology. One characteristic of Media Archaeology is its focus on media materialism, analytically or creatively bound to practices like circuit bending. Seductive events like the excavation of once buried computer game cartridges (the E. T. case) request a more code-oriented, critical resistance to the archaeological metaphor, just like media archaeology as artistic research, such as the "Dead Media" project, requires a media-epistemological counter-reading. Diagrammatic Media Archaeography will be proposed as an alternative to culturally familiar narratives of media historiography. A special focus will be placed on video art and preservation where algorithms themselves become the archaeologists of archaic video recordings. The media-archaeological method is about signal "re-presencing" (Sobchack) rather than historicising (as in the cases of early television recording and the Voyager space mission "picture disc"). Media Archaeology as a method of techno-logical research stays close to the signal (be it analog waveforms or digital pulses). Media Archaeography as a mode of representation has been written about already (e.g. Ina Blom’s Autobiography of Video). For the challenge of media time heritage, video art preservation is applied media archaeology.
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Moser, Dennis. "The Song Remains … The Same? Three Case Studies of Issues of Digital Preservation in Second Life Performance Practices." Body, Space & Technology 10, no. 1 (July 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.16995/bst.90.
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Hodges, James A. "Transcoding authenticity: preserving unreleased gaming software outside of memory institutions." Journal of Documentation ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (May 11, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-02-2021-0040.
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PurposeThis paper aims to introduce new criteria for evaluating authenticity in digital preservation, particularly in cases related to unreleased software projects and preservation work that occurs in non-institutional settings.Design/methodology/approachInterpretive visual and formal analysis of image files is performed on three overlapping preservation efforts to understand the ways that self-appointed preservationists reframe content in varied settings. The unreleased mid-1990s console game Sonic X-Treme is used as a case study because assets from the development process have been widely preserved among former developers and enthusiasts alike.FindingsThe findings indicate that non-professional preservationists transcode original production files into a variety of formats, ranging from lossy compressed images to contemporary three-dimensional (3D) modeling files. Materials are presented in settings that range from colorful webpages mimicking the appearance of commercial software to browsable file systems. These results show that non-institutional preservation practices embody notions of authenticity that diverge significantly from those of professional archivists.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited by its focus on a single case study, but helps to facilitate ongoing research concerning preservation of unreleased projects insofar as it surveys the current status of existing projects.Originality/valueExisting studies within preservation literature have established the need for increased attention paid to unfinished digital works. This study introduces new data and interpretative findings that outline such preservation efforts as they already occur in non-institutional settings.