Journal articles: 'Digital forestry'

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Bespalova, V. V., O. A. Polyanskaya, A. A. Lipinskaya, A. V. Gryazkin, and I. A. Kazi. "Digital technologies in forestry." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 806, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/806/1/012008.

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Kardoš, M. "Methods of digital photogrammetry in forest management in Slovakia." Journal of Forest Science 59, No. 2 (February 12, 2013): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/35/2012-jfs.

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  The practical aspect of utilization of digital photogrammetry methods and their products in Slovak forestry is presented. We deal with the comparison of various data obtained by digital cameras, their accuracy, utilization and effectiveness for mapping. Based on presented results we summarize the main conclusions in the field of forest mapping. We also deal with the process of pan-sharpening for the preparation of image data for the interpretation and classification of forestry features. Also, the statistical characteristics of two photogrammetric projects with different geometric resolution photos (Ultracam D digital camera with ground sample distance of 10 cm and UltracamX digital camera with ground sample distance of 20 cm) from the same experimental area of the University Forest Enterprise Zvolen are described with the aim of finding an appropriate solution suitable for forest mapping. In both cases, the horizontal accuracy of the photogrammetric projects is presented. Finally, the process of true orthophoto generation and its utilization in forestry is the focus. Both experiments in this paper presented results which fulfil the accuracy standards defined by the state cadastre within the mapping of large scale maps. All projects, apart from the project of direct georeferencing, fulfilled the third accuracy class of mapping, so they can be used within cadastral mapping, land consolidations and, of course, within forested land mapping. Still, all the projects meet the accuracy requirements within the forest mapping standard, where the forestry features and forest spatial distribution units are mapped.  

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Tang, Shouzheng, Lina Tang, Guofan Shao, and Limin Dai. "Digital forestry research in China." Science in China Series E: Technological Sciences 49, S1 (June 2006): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-006-8101-5.

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Morkovina, S., S. Nasriddinov, and I. Shanin. "Forestry digital platform of Russia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 595 (December 2, 2020): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/595/1/012042.

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Žíhlavník, S., F. Chudý, and M. Kardoš. "Utilization of digital photogrammetry in forestry mapping." Journal of Forest Science 53, No. 5 (January 7, 2008): 222–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2176-jfs.

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At present, photogrammetric interpretation of aerial images is a dominant method of forestry mapping. In the last years, transition from analogue to digital photogrammetry has been distinct. Digital photogrammetry enables to achieve workflow effectivity, and so to decrease the final product costs. The objective of the submitted paper was to evaluate the availability of digital photogrammetry for the forestry mapping rationalization. Digital aerotriangulation using the ImageStation SSK system brings more accurate results without requirements for the use of a larger amount of control points. The results also demonstrated the use of colour infrared aerial images, and also black and white aerial images at the scale 1:15,000 for the orthoimage creation in the forestry mapping department. Compared with the black and white aerial images, the colour infrared images have an essentially more interesting content, mainly from the qualitative aspect, which shifts them to use in many forestry disciplines (mostly for determination of the health conditions of forests stands, …), in combination with the remote sensing of the Earth and GIS (Geographic Information Systems).

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Hoffer, Roger M. "Digital analysis techniques for forestry applications." Remote Sensing Reviews 2, no. 1 (June 1986): 61–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02757258609532079.

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Zhao, Jingzhu, Yanchun Wang, and Rencai Dong. "A database framework of digital forestry towards sustainable forestry development in China." Science in China Series E: Technological Sciences 49, S1 (June 2006): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-006-8103-3.

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Skidmore, A. K., G. B. Wood, and K. R. Shepherd. "Remotely sensed digital data in forestry: a review." Australian Forestry 50, no. 1 (January 1987): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049158.1987.10674493.

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Klimánek, Martin, and Miloš Cibulka. "Digital forestry maps representation using web mapping services." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 56, no. 2 (2008): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200856020293.

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The Web Mapping Services (WMS) are very useful means for presentation of digital geospatial data in the Internet environment. Typical Open Source example of these services is development environment MapServer, which was originally developed by the University of Minnesota ForNet project in cooperation with NASA and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. MapServer is not a full-featured Geographical Information System (GIS), but provides the core functionality to support a wide variety of web applications. Complex and open information system about forest (and cultural) land is presented in real example of MapServer application with data from the Mendel University Training Forest. MapServer is used in effective representing of data for the University Forest staff, students and general public from October 2002. MapServer is usually applied in education process of GIS and Remote Sensing and for sharing of the Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology Departments geospatial data.

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Klimánek, M. "Optimization of digital terrain model for its application in forestry." Journal of Forest Science 52, No. 5 (January 9, 2012): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4506-jfs.

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Digital terrain model (DTM) represents a very important geospatial data type. In the CzechRepublic, the most common digital contour data sources are the Primary Geographic Data Base (ZABAGED), the Digital Ground Model (DMÚ25) and eventually the Regional Plans of Forest Development (OPRL). In constructing regular raster DTM, the initial process requires interpolation between the points in order to estimate values in a regular grid pattern. In this study, constructions of DTM from the above-mentioned data were tested using several software products: ArcEditor 9.0, Atlas 3.8, GRASS 6.1, Idrisi 14.02 and TopoL 2001. Algorithm parameters can be optimized in several ways. In this sense a comparison of the first and second derivative of DTM and its real appearance in the terrain and a cross-validation procedure or terrain data measurements to compute and minimize the root mean square error values (RMSE) proved to be the most useful operations. The ZABAGED contour data provided the best results, with software specific algorithms for interpolations of contour data (ArcGIS Desktop Topo to Raster, Idrisi Kilimanjaro TIN).

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Panyavina, E., S. Morkovina, E. Kulakova, and M. Alyabyeva. "Study of the readiness of forestry enterprises to use digital technologies." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 875, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/875/1/012034.

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Abstract The forestry system of the Russian Federation uses information and communication technologies in order to bring the necessary legal, regulatory, organizational information to the participants of forestry relations, stakeholders and the public. It is necessary to pay attention to improving the infrastructure for supporting information and communication technologies. In this regard, the results of an expert survey of representatives of forestry enterprises on the state of affairs and the level of technical readiness of the use of digital technologies in the field of use, protection, protection and reproduction of forests, afforestation (forest relations) are extremely important. Methodological recommendations were developed for the questioning of participants in forestry relations, allowing to assess the use of information and communication technologies in forestry. Based on the results of the study, the most relevant measures for the implementation were identified, and a conclusion was drawn up on the state of affairs and the level of technical readiness of the use of digital technologies in the field of use, protection, protection and reproduction of forests, afforestation (forest relations). The results obtained open up new areas of scientific research in the field of digital technologies application in the forestry complex.

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Williams, J. "Review: Digital Aerial Survey: Theory and Practice." Forestry 77, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/77.2.173-a.

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Mayor, Luis, Line F. Lindner, Christoph F. Knöbl, Ana Ramalho, Remigio Berruto, Francesca Sanna, Daniele Rossi, et al. "Skill Needs for Sustainable Agri-Food and Forestry Sectors (I): Assessment through European and National Focus Groups." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 4, 2022): 9607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159607.

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The agri-food and forestry sectors are under increasing pressure to adapt to climate change, consumer concern, technological and economic change, and complex global value chains. In turn, such challenges require that the necessary skills and competences are identified at various levels and within specific areas of the sectors. For that purpose, eleven focus groups in nine different EU-countries and two at EU-level were organized within the ERASMUS+ project “FIELDS” with the participation of farmers, cooperatives, agri-food companies, foresters, forest industries, advisors, and education providers to identify the skills needed in the agri-food and forestry sectors. The focus group participants identified business and strategic management skills, communication skills, and other skills related to sustainability, entrepreneurship, digital and soft skills to be most important for the agri-food and forestry sectors as a whole.

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Tang, Lina, Guofan Shao, and Limin Dai. "Roles of digital technology in China's sustainable forestry development." International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology 16, no. 2 (April 29, 2009): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504500902794000.

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Feo, Elena, Sylvia Burssens, Hannes Mareen, and Pieter Spanoghe. "Shedding Light into the Need of Knowledge Sharing in H2020 Thematic Networks for the Agriculture and Forestry Innovation." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 27, 2022): 3951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14073951.

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Providing ready-for-practice materials in an easily accessible and user-friendly way is one of the challenges of Horizon 2020 Thematic Networks (TNs) to promote agriculture and forestry innovation. Those materials are the result of the co-creation and knowledge exchange among TN actors. Using a survey, we investigated the most efficient communication and dissemination (C&D) channels, types and formats of TN-produced data, as well as the involvement of TN actors. Additionally, we propose to collect TN outputs in a single digital platform, such that they are more Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR), ensuring the TN’s impact. An open and interactive platform may allow us to overcome challenging issues such as language barriers, limited Internet access and differing cultural backgrounds. The results obtained from the survey suggest which content should be stored in such a digital knowledge reservoir for agriculture and forestry. For example, newsletters and visual materials are often preferred by farmers and foresters. Additionally, face-to-face interaction is confirmed to be the most preferred way of retrieving information, especially by researchers and farmers/foresters. Future work will further investigate the variations in needs of different user profiles. As such, the proposed platform can stimulate knowledge exchange among all TN actors.

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Rahlf, Johannes, Johannes Breidenbach, Svein Solberg, Erik Næsset, and Rasmus Astrup. "Digital aerial photogrammetry can efficiently support large-area forest inventories in Norway." Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research 90, no. 5 (June 15, 2017): 710–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpx027.

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Winkle, Philip. "Digital forest management: Cantor's experience." Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 6 (December 1, 1991): 630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67630-6.

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Canfor's Englewood Division acquired a GIS two years age. Within this period, we have developed the framework necessary to digitally manage our 200 000 hectare Tree Farm License. This paper focuses mainly on the role GIS played in our Management and Working Plan. The plan is produced every five years to document and justify our forest land management techniques. It addresses issues of current and long-term wood supply; the 200 year horizon, silviculture regimes, and habitat requirements. GIS was used in conjunction with a forest estate model to test numerous management scenarios. Important issues included the decision to load 'dirty' data, the acquisition of contour data, net-working data, raster/vector processing, restructuring for feature codes, and becoming a 'beta' test site for GIS software. In addition, we discuss our objectives for 1991 relating to training, wildlife habitat, ambrosia control, a cruise prediction system, coordinate geometry and other goals.

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Klimánek, Martin. "Accuracy of digital terrain model and its application in forestry." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 55, no. 4 (2007): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200755040137.

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Digital terrain model (DTM) is considered as an important geospatial data layer. At the present in the Czech Republic, digital contour data sources are often used for constructing regular raster DTM; the initial process requires interpolation between the points in order to estimate values in a regular grid pattern. The commonly used data sources are: the Primary Geographic Data Base (ZABAGED), the Digital Territory Model (DMÚ25) and eventually the Regional Plans of Forest Development (OPRL). In this paper, some constructions of DTM based on the above mentioned data were tested using several software products. Algorithm parameters can be optimized in several ways; in this sense the most useful operations proved comparing the first and second derivative of DTM and its real appearance in terrain and using cross-validation procedure or terrain data measurements to compute and minimize the root mean square error values (RMSE). The Forest Training Enterprise “Masaryk Forest” was the area for the experimental optimization of DTM.

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Kropivšek, Jože, and Petra Grošelj. "Digital Development of Slovenian Wood Industry." Drvna industrija 71, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5552/drvind.2020.1961.

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he research examined the digital development of the Slovenian wood industry, especially the implementation of the concept of Industry 4.0 into practice. Within this, the implementation of specific technological pillars was studied, with the emphasis on smart factories and smart, innovative products. In the empirical part of the research, we prepared a survey and interviewed selected managers and entrepreneurs. We compared answers regarding sub-sectors, the size of the companies and the level of digitalization. The general results show that around half of the surveyed companies are already implementing the Industry 4.0 concept into their businesses, while the rest are beginners when speaking about digitalization. The biggest obstacles to the implementation of the concept are the high investments in equipment and the lack of financial support from the state. The lack of digital competencies, which is especially prevalent among older workers, is another major barrier that businesses face. Only 30 % of the surveyed companies are engaged in the production of smart products. We can conclude that digitalization in the Slovenian wood industry is still at a relatively low level, but with the latest strategic orientations at both the state and business level, this situation will certainly improve in the near future.

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Wilkinson, Matthew, Edward L. Eaton, and James I. L. Morison. "Can upward-facing digital camera images be used for remote monitoring of forest phenology?" Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research 91, no. 2 (January 29, 2018): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpx057.

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Ahern, F. J., and D. G. Leckie. "Digital remote sensing for forestry: Requirements and capabilities, today and tomorrow." Geocarto International 2, no. 3 (September 1987): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106048709354107.

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Ginzler, Christian, and Lars T. Waser. "Entwicklungen im Bereich der Fernerkundung für forstliche Anwendungen." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 168, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2017.0118.

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Progress in remote sensing for forestry applications Over the past ten years significant advances have been made in remote sensing data and methods for forestry applications. In many cases datasets are no longer limited to use for case studies or the development of methods, but are available for large area applications, often with high temporal resolution. Aerial image acquisition, including in near infrared, has become standard thanks to the use of digital cameras. Colour infrared orthophotos are easily embedded into GIS applications at the cantonal and national level. Aerial laser scanning data has almost become the norm for many applications. Tools integrated into common working environments are available which allow for the efficient analysis of 3-D point clouds and the realisation of valuable products describing forested areas. Terrestrial laser scanning is also nearing operational applicability for many purposes. Remote sensing is continually developing into a practical instrument for daily work. As long as users are aware of the possibilities and also the limitations, remote sensing offers substantial potential to support and optimise terrestrial inventory and for the generation of additional large-scale values.

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Moore, W., and T. Polzin. "ER-2 High Altitude Reconnaissance: A Case Study." Forestry Chronicle 66, no. 5 (October 1, 1990): 480–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc66480-5.

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There is an increasing requirement for a cost-effective means of updating digital base map and natural resources information systems. The Northern Forestry Centre of Forestry Canada is cooperating with Alberta Forestry, Lands and Wildlife and United States agencies to evaluate ER-2 high altitude (i.e., about 20 km) reconnaissance in Alberta. A demonstration flight was arranged on 20 July 1988 to cover flight lines from Waterton Lakes National Park to Lesser Slave Lake, and return (i.e., about 1500 km). The ER-2 platform provides both the high altitude perspective of earth satellite systems and the flexibilities of aircraft. The demonstration flight carried a panoramic camera, two mapping cameras and a digital scanner that were operated simultaneously. This provided rapid, high resolution and stereoscopic coverage of large areas. The savings from improved efficiencies for base map revisions alone, using one mapping camera were greater than the costs of routine ER-2 operations over Alberta. The three other selectable sensors would also permit natural resources information system updates for only the costs of processing, interpretation and data entry. These high altitude capabilities are required for forestry in Canada.

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Wang, Hui, and Jie Song. "Fast Retrieval Method of Forestry Information Features Based on Symmetry Function in Communication Network." Symmetry 11, no. 3 (March 21, 2019): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11030416.

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Aiming at the problem of insufficient integration and sharing of forestry information resources under the current communication network and the lack of the concept set of forestry information attributes, which leads to poor information retrieval performance, a fast retrieval method of forestry information features based on symmetry function is studied in depth, and the method is implemented by PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)-BA (Buliding Automation). Using the SED (Stream Editor) forestry information acquisition method under a communication network to collect forestry information, a forestry signal noise cancellation method based on symmetric function method is obtained. In order to improve the accuracy of forestry information acquisition, denoising of the signal in the information was carried out. Constructing forestry information data ontology, integrating forestry resources, establishing a conceptual set of forestry information attributes, distinguishing forestry information attributes, establishing a fast retrieval model of forestry information features based on the synonym library, and completing the fast retrieval of forestry information features. The experimental results show that the recall and precision of this method are 99.25% and 99.24%, respectively, and the retrieval performance is superior, which has a certain application value.

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Niță, Mihai Daniel. "Testing Forestry Digital Twinning Workflow Based on Mobile LiDAR Scanner and AI Platform." Forests 12, no. 11 (November 16, 2021): 1576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12111576.

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Climate-smart forestry is a sustainable forest management approach for increasing positive climate impacts on society. As climate-smart forestry is focusing on more sustainable solutions that are resource-efficient and circular, digitalization plays an important role in its implementation. The article aimed to validate an automatic workflow of processing 3D pointclouds to produce digital twins for every tree on large 1-ha sample plots using a GeoSLAM mobile LiDAR scanner and VirtSilv AI platform. Specific objectives were to test the efficiency of segmentation technique developed in the platform for individual trees from an initial cloud of 3D points observed in the field and to quantify the efficiency of digital twinning by comparing the automatically generated results of (DBH, H, and Volume) with traditional measurements. A number of 1399 trees were scanned with LiDAR to create digital twins and, for validation, were measured with traditional tools such as forest tape and vertex. The segmentation algorithm developed in the platform to extract individual 3D trees recorded an accuracy varying between 95 and 98%. This result was higher in accuracy than reported by other solutions. When compared to traditional measurements the bias for diameter at breast height (DBH) and height was not significant. Digital twinning offers a blockchain solution for digitalization, and AI platforms are able to provide technological advantage in preserving and restoring biodiversity with sustainable forest management.

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Ginzler, Christian, and Martina L. Hobi. "Das aktuelle Vegetationshöhenmodell der Schweiz: spezifische Anwendungen im Waldbereich." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 167, no. 3 (March 1, 2016): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2016.0128.

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Current model of canopy heights in Switzerland: specific applications in forestry A national vegetation height model was calculated for Switzerland for the first time last year using digital aerial images. The ADS80 stereo aerial images, which were routinely gathered by the Swiss Federal Office of Topography (swisstopo), contain information about the height of vegetation in forests. We used the stereo aerial images to first calculate a digital surface model (DSM) with a very high spatial resolution (1 × 1 m). The DSM was then normalized to obtain the actual vegetation heights using a digital terrain model (DTM) based on laser data with the buildings masked out, and to produce a vegetation height model (VHM). Such a model could be calculated in the framework of the Swiss National Forest Inventory (NFI) with consistent methods and a very high level of detail. For covering the whole of Switzerland, we used summer aerial images from the years 2007 to 2012. The VHM reached almost nationwide coverage (98% of the country's surface area). Some areas, such as steep mountainsides or very bright glaciers, were problematic for calculating the model, and appear in it as gaps. Vegetation height information collected with this method is most useful for analyzing entire forest stands, but the data do not have a high enough spatial resolution for single-tree-based analyses. The VHM can be applied in a wide variety of ways. Here, we describe three of these: 1) generating forest masks, 2) extracting forest canopy gaps, and 3) detecting changes in the stocking of a forested area.

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Pessacg, Facundo, Francisco Gómez-Fernández, Matías Nitsche, Nicolás Chamo, Sebastián Torrella, Rubén Ginzburg, and Pablo De Cristóforis. "Simplifying UAV-Based Photogrammetry in Forestry: How to Generate Accurate Digital Terrain Model and Assess Flight Mission Settings." Forests 13, no. 2 (January 24, 2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020173.

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In forestry, aerial photogrammetry by means of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) could bridge the gap between detailed fieldwork and broad-range satellite imagery-based analysis. However, optical sensors are only poorly capable of penetrating the tree canopy, causing raw image-based point clouds unable to reliably collect and classify ground points in woodlands, which is essential for further data processing. In this work, we propose a novel method to overcome this issue and generate accurate a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) in forested environments by processing the point cloud. We also developed a highly realistic custom simulator that allows controlled experimentation with repeatability guaranteed. With this tool, we performed an exhaustive evaluation of the survey and sensor settings and their impact on the 3D reconstruction. Overall, we found that a high frontal overlap (95%), a nadir camera angle (90°), and low flight altitudes (less than 100 m) results in the best configuration for forest environments. We validated the presented method for DTM generation in a simulated and real-world survey missions with both fixed-wing and multicopter UAS, showing how the problem of structural forest parameters estimation can be better addressed. Finally, we applied our method for automatic detection of selective logging.

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Holzinger, Andreas, Anna Saranti, Alessa Angerschmid, Carl Orge Retzlaff, Andreas Gronauer, Vladimir Pejakovic, Francisco Medel-Jimenez, Theresa Krexner, Christoph Gollob, and Karl Stampfer. "Digital Transformation in Smart Farm and Forest Operations Needs Human-Centered AI: Challenges and Future Directions." Sensors 22, no. 8 (April 15, 2022): 3043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22083043.

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The main impetus for the global efforts toward the current digital transformation in almost all areas of our daily lives is due to the great successes of artificial intelligence (AI), and in particular, the workhorse of AI, statistical machine learning (ML). The intelligent analysis, modeling, and management of agricultural and forest ecosystems, and of the use and protection of soils, already play important roles in securing our planet for future generations and will become irreplaceable in the future. Technical solutions must encompass the entire agricultural and forestry value chain. The process of digital transformation is supported by cyber-physical systems enabled by advances in ML, the availability of big data and increasing computing power. For certain tasks, algorithms today achieve performances that exceed human levels. The challenge is to use multimodal information fusion, i.e., to integrate data from different sources (sensor data, images, *omics), and explain to an expert why a certain result was achieved. However, ML models often react to even small changes, and disturbances can have dramatic effects on their results. Therefore, the use of AI in areas that matter to human life (agriculture, forestry, climate, health, etc.) has led to an increased need for trustworthy AI with two main components: explainability and robustness. One step toward making AI more robust is to leverage expert knowledge. For example, a farmer/forester in the loop can often bring in experience and conceptual understanding to the AI pipeline—no AI can do this. Consequently, human-centered AI (HCAI) is a combination of “artificial intelligence” and “natural intelligence” to empower, amplify, and augment human performance, rather than replace people. To achieve practical success of HCAI in agriculture and forestry, this article identifies three important frontier research areas: (1) intelligent information fusion; (2) robotics and embodied intelligence; and (3) augmentation, explanation, and verification for trusted decision support. This goal will also require an agile, human-centered design approach for three generations (G). G1: Enabling easily realizable applications through immediate deployment of existing technology. G2: Medium-term modification of existing technology. G3: Advanced adaptation and evolution beyond state-of-the-art.

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Hu, Xueyang, Yili Zheng, Da Xing, and Qingfeng Sun. "Research on Tree Ring Micro-Destructive Detection Technology Based on Digital Micro-Drilling Resistance Method." Forests 13, no. 7 (July 19, 2022): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13071139.

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Micro-drilling resistance method is a widely used tree ring micro-destructive detection technology. To solve the problem that the detection signal of the analog micro-drilling resistance method has excessive noise interference and cannot intuitively identify tree ring information, this research proposes a digital micro-drilling resistance method and provides a recommended hardware implementation. The digital micro-drilling resistance method adopts the photoelectric encoder instead of ADC as the signal sampling module. Through the theoretical analysis of the DC motor characteristic, the PWM closed-loop speed control, the detection principle of the digital method is given. Additionally, the experimental equipment that can complete the detection of the digital method and the analog method simultaneously is designed to carry out comparative experiments. The experimental results show that: (1) The detection results of the digital method have a better-quality signal which can intuitively identify the tree rings. (2) The average correlation coefficient reaches 0.9365 between the detection results of the digital method and the analog method. (3) The average Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of the digital method is 39.0145 dB, which is 19.2590 dB higher than that of the analog method. The average noise interference energy in the detection result of the digital method is only 1.27% of the analog method. In summary, hardware implementation of the digital micro-drilling resistance method can correctly reflect the tree ring information and significantly improve the signal quality of the micro-drilling resistance technology. This research is helping to improve the identification accuracy of micro-drilling resistance technology, and to develop the application of tree ring micro-destructive detection technology in the high-precision field.

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Bernard, Aaron M., and Steve P. Prisley. "Digital Mapping Alternatives: GIS for the Busy Forester." Journal of Forestry 103, no. 4 (June 1, 2005): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/103.4.163.

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King, Douglas J. "Airborne remote sensing in forestry: Sensors, analysis and applications." Forestry Chronicle 76, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): 859–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc76859-6.

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This paper discusses the aspects of airborne remote sensing that are critical to forestry applications, the imaging characteristics of the most common sensors currently available, and analytical techniques that make use of the great amount of information content in airborne imagery. As the first paper in the CIF technical meeting to which this issue of the Forestry Chronicle is devoted, the paper is intended to provide an overview and context for subsequent papers and not a presentation of specific research methods or results. Key words: airborne remote sensing, forestry, photography, digital cameras, hyperspectral sensors, radar, laser remote sensing, image analysis

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Oleinik, M. V. "Digital transformation of forest fire protection measures: ecological and legal aspects." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no. 4 (July 13, 2022): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2022.92.4.230-236.

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The article discusses the legal aspects of digitalization of forestry. It is shown that the current stage of forest management reform demonstrates the need for the use of new technologies to improve and increase the efficiency of the use of forest resources and fire protection.Today, the Russian forestry sector is in great need of digital technologies capable of generalizing large databases of analytical data needed in the system of state management and monitoring of forests. In the practice of management, digitalization is already actively entering the forest industry. The article examines the current legislative and regulatory framework that ensures the use of digital technologies in forest management and protection of forests from fires. The author has carried out a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory legal acts adopted in recent years in the field of forest protection from fires. The foreign experience in the field of activity under consideration is investigated.

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Fournier, R. A., L. Guindon, P. Y. Bernier, C. H. Ung, and F. Raulier. "Spatial implementation of models in forestry." Forestry Chronicle 76, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): 929–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc76929-6.

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Advances in GIS and digital remote sensing are improving our ability to obtain estimates of spatially distributed forest properties such as forest biomass or productivity. The availability of such tools for implementing models in a spatially explicit manner provides opportunities to integrate ecological or process-based models into resource management applications. This article provides guidelines for implementing such models for spatially explicit applications to forest management. Project objectives may vary greatly from one application to another, but scaling, model evaluation, error assessment, and procedural improvement are all aspects that require a common strategic approach. Three examples of implementation of spatial models dealing with the mapping of forest biomass, site index and forest productivity are also presented. The guidelines can be extended to other applications, in particular to those in resource management where either ecological modelling or the inclusion of new technologies such as remote sensing is required. Key words: GIS, model integration, ecophysiology, remote sensing, forest modelling

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Liu, Ying, Yan Tao Zhu, Yu Rong Li, and Chao Ni. "The Embedded System of Forest Resource Information Acquisition Based on OMAP3530." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 2242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.2242.

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With the development of information technology, the concept of “Digital Forestry” is put forward. To improve the level of forestry information management, 3S technology is used in forestry. Therefore the embedded system of forest resource information acquisition has designed which integrated embedded technology with GIS, 3G wireless communication technology and GPS. Specifically, the requirement of forestry resource survey has been analyzed, the whole structure has been established and the system has been developed by using the advanced demo-board OMAP3530.The embedded system can realize six functions including system login, data acquisition, data management, map operation, GPS positioning and navigation, temperature and humidity measuring. It can enhance working efficiency, reduce power consumption and get real-time data. The embedded system of forest resource information acquisition has been verified in Lianyungang Xinpu district forest, which gives a good guide to forestry management.

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Montealegre, Antonio, María Lamelas, and Juan Riva. "Interpolation Routines Assessment in ALS-Derived Digital Elevation Models for Forestry Applications." Remote Sensing 7, no. 7 (July 9, 2015): 8631–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs70708631.

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NIE, JING, YI WANG, YANG LI, and XUEWEI CHAO. "Artificial intelligence and digital twins in sustainable agriculture and forestry: a survey." Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 46, no. 5 (January 1, 2022): 642–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.55730/1300-011x.3033.

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Pereira, Daniel Pena, Maytê Maria Abreu Pires de Melo Silva, Renato Farias do Valle Júnior, Alexandre Cândido Xavier, and Nilton César Fiedler. "Spatial interpolation methods of determination of digital elevation models for forestry planning." Revista Brasileira de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação 6, no. 2 (September 22, 2022): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18554/rbcti.v6i2.5429.

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Topographic data acquisition methods are generally subject to measurement errors and subsequent digital terrain models (DTM) interpolation models can propagate these errors. For the forestry sector, the use of the DTM facilitates the planning stage in the road construction and mechanization phase in mountainous areas, especially in subsoiling, pesticide application and logging operations. To evaluate the results of interpolation methods, it is very common to use indicators such as the multiple determination coefficient and the residual error. This study aimed to compare and choose the best interpolation method in an elevation dataset to construct a DTM by applying the Taylor diagram to graphically analyze the results. Seventeen different methods of spatial interpolation were tested. The Spline method was selected as the best model tested over geostatistical models, most commonly adopted in spatial variability assays. The statistics of all methods were very similar, with slight variations, with the square mean square root error and the Spline method correlation being closer to the observed data, as easily shown by the Taylor diagram.

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Olesen, Henrik Hagen. "SPOT data in the digital mapping of Danish forests." Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 6, no. 1-4 (January 1991): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02827589109382664.

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Wang, Zuyuan, Christian Ginzler, and Lars T. Waser. "A novel method to assess short-term forest cover changes based on digital surface models from image-based point clouds." Forestry 88, no. 4 (May 21, 2015): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpv012.

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Dai, Limin, Guofan Shao, and Baoying Xiao. "Ecological classification for mountain forest sustainability in northeast China." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79233-2.

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This paper introduces the classification of Ecological Land Types (ELT) in eastern mountainous regions of northeast China and demonstrates ELT mapping for the Baihe Forestry Bureau on Changbai Mountain, lying along the border of China and North Korea. The development of ELTs will facilitate the adoption of ecological forest management and the restoration of native forest vegetation in northeast China. By overlaying forest inventory data with the ELT map, suggestions on ecosystem forest management are discussed in this paper. Key words: China's forestry, ecosystem management, ecological land types, geographic information systems, digital elevation models

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Haapanen, Reija, and Timo Tokola. "Creating a digital treeless peatland map using satellite image interpretation." Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 1 (January 2007): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02827580601168410.

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Tudoran, Gheorghe Marian, Alexandru Claudiu Dobre, Avram Cicșa, and Ionuț Silviu Pascu. "Development of Mathematical Models for the Estimation of Dendrometric Variables Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Optical Data: A Romanian Case Study." Forests 12, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12020200.

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Research highlights: In this study, the possibility of developing predictive models for both individual trees and forest stands, based on information derived from digital surface models (DSMs), was evaluated. Background and objectives: Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) make it possible to obtain digital images with increased spectral and spatial resolution at a lower cost. Based on the variables extracted by means of the digital representation of surfaces, we aimed at generating mathematical models that would allow the prediction of the main biometric features of both individual trees and forest stands. Materials and methods: Forest stands are characterized by various structures. As such, measurements may address upper-level trees, but most often are oriented towards those belonging to the mean tree category, randomly selected from those identifiable from digital models. In the case of grouped trees, it is the best practice to measure the projected area of the entire canopy. Tree and stand volumes can be determined using models based on features measured in UAS-derived digital models. For the current study, 170-year-old mixed sessile oak stands were examined. Results: Mathematical models were developed based on variables (i.e., crown diameter and tree height) extracted from digital models. In this way, we obtained results characterized by root mean square error (RMSE) values of 18.37% for crown diameter, 10.95% for tree height, and 8.70% for volume. The simplified process allowed for the estimates of the stand volume using crown diameter or diameter at breast height, producing results with RMSE values of 9%. Conclusions: The accuracy of the evaluation of the main biometric features depends on the structural complexity of the studied plots, and on the quality of the DSM. In turn, this leads to the necessity to parametrize the used models in such a manner that can explain the variation induced by the stand structure.

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Nitoslawski, Sophie, and Cecil Konijnendijk. "The Emergence of Smart Urban Forestry: Challenges and Opportunities in the Digital Age." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 48, no. 2 (March 1, 2022): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2022.004.

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Coch, Thomas, René Bertiller, and Beat Trachsler. "Effiziente Erfassung der Kronendichte mit Hilfe fotografischer Senkrechtaufnahmen | Efficient data assessment of canopy density with the help of vertical photographic exposures." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 156, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2005.0059.

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From the point of view of silvicultural and nature protection the canopies of forests represent an important characteristic value. However, conventional forestry methods do not allow for a differentiated ecological assessment of the changed situation of radiation following light tending interventions. The method presented here enables the collection of exact and reproducible values on the actual density of the canopy from the ground, which calls for no specialist demands on workers or equipment. The paper describes the technology of vertical exposures for both analogue and digital photographic technology. In addition, we present a specially developed programme,which allows the automatic evaluation of the digital canopy exposures. We give two examples for areas of application of the method (finely structured map of trees along a water course and documentation of forestry intervention for the resumption of traditional middle forest management). The presented methodology enables an objective assessment of measures to manage the conditions of light in forests (e.g., special forest reserves), which is significantly superior to a visual assessment with regard to accuracy and reproducibility.

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Leblon, Brigitte. "Mapping forest clearcuts using radar digital imagery: A review of the Canadian experience." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 4 (August 1, 1999): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75675-4.

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Annual clearcut mapping is currently done in Canada mainly from photo-interpretation of aerial photographs. An advantageous alternative would use digital imagery. Optical imagery acquisition depends on weather and illumination conditions, but not radar images. This paper documents the state of practice in Canada in the use of radar digital images for clearcut mapping, with regards to the type of images used, to the influence of environmental conditions, the band, polarization, time of the year, and incidence angles, as well as to the mapping accuracy. Synergism between optical and radar images is also discussed. Finally, a few experimental automated mapping systems using radar imageries are presented. Key words: remote sensing, forest inventory updating, clearcut mapping, synthetic aperture radar, microwave, digital imagery

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Chen, Bi. "Visualization Analysis of digital forestry research-based on the knowledge map of WOS." Asia Social Science Academy 7, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.51600/jass.2022.7.2.61.

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Sugumaran, R., G. Sandhya, K. S. Rao, R. N. Jadhav, and M. M. Kimothi. "Delineation of social forestry plantations under various afforestation programmes using satellite digital data." Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 22, no. 4 (December 1994): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03026525.

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Cheng, Lei, and Tieying Song. "An efficient approach for tree digital image segmentation." Forestry Studies in China 6, no. 3 (September 2004): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11632-004-0039-8.

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Shivaprakash, Kadukothanahally Nagaraju, Niraj Swami, Sagar Mysorekar, Roshni Arora, Aditya Gangadharan, Karishma Vohra, Madegowda Jadeyegowda, and Joseph M. Kiesecker. "Potential for Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) Applications in Biodiversity Conservation, Managing Forests, and Related Services in India." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 7154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127154.

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The recent advancement in data science coupled with the revolution in digital and satellite technology has improved the potential for artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the forestry and wildlife sectors. India shares 7% of global forest cover and is the 8th most biodiverse region in the world. However, rapid expansion of developmental projects, agriculture, and urban areas threaten the country’s rich biodiversity. Therefore, the adoption of new technologies like AI in Indian forests and biodiversity sectors can help in effective monitoring, management, and conservation of biodiversity and forest resources. We conducted a systematic search of literature related to the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms (ML) in the forestry sector and biodiversity conservation across globe and in India (using ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar). Additionally, we also collected data on AI-based startups and non-profits in forest and wildlife sectors to understand the growth and adoption of AI technology in biodiversity conservation, forest management, and related services. Here, we first provide a global overview of AI research and application in forestry and biodiversity conservation. Next, we discuss adoption challenges of AI technologies in the Indian forestry and biodiversity sectors. Overall, we find that adoption of AI technology in Indian forestry and biodiversity sectors has been slow compared to developed, and to other developing countries. However, improving access to big data related to forest and biodiversity, cloud computing, and digital and satellite technology can help improve adoption of AI technology in India. We hope that this synthesis will motivate forest officials, scientists, and conservationists in India to explore AI technology for biodiversity conservation and forest management.

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Zana, Këpuska. "DIGITAL MARKETING." European Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, no. 4 (2021): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29013/ejems-21-74-77.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Digital forestry'

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