Journal articles: 'Digital casts'

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Hwang, YC, YS Park, HK Kim, YS Hong, JS Ahn, and JJ Ryu. "The Evaluation of Working Casts Prepared from Digital Impressions." Operative Dentistry 38, no. 6 (November 1, 2013): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/12-352-l.

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SUMMARY Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the reproducibility of working casts of a digital impression system by comparing them with the original, virtual, and rapid prototyping casts. Materials and Methods A total of 54 cast sets in clinically stable occlusion were used. They were scanned by an iTero intraoral scanner and converted into STL format virtual casts. Rapid prototyping casts and polyurethane casts were fabricated from the iTero milling system based on the virtual casts. Several horizontal and vertical measurements were performed from the four types of casts, that is, original stone casts, virtual casts, rapid prototyping casts, and polyurethane casts of iTero. Measurement error, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and differences among the casts were calculated and compared. Results Casts from iTero milling machines exhibited greater dimensional differences and lower ICC values than did other casts. In addition, many of the measurements of the iTero working casts showed statistically significant differences in comparison to the three other types of casts. In contrast, there were no statistically significant differences between the virtual and original casts. Conclusion Virtual casts made by the iTero intraoral scanner exhibited excellent reproducibility. However, the casts from the iTero milling machine showed greater dimensional differences and lower reproducibility compared to other types of casts.

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Aly, Passent, and Cherif Mohsen. "Comparison of the Accuracy of Three-Dimensional Printed Casts, Digital, and Conventional Casts: An In Vitro Study." European Journal of Dentistry 14, no. 02 (April 20, 2020): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1705243.

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Abstract Objectives The integration of computer-aided design and manufacturing technologies in diagnosis, treatment planning, and fabrication of prosthetic restoration is changing the way in which prosthodontic treatment is provided to patients. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) printed casts produced from the intraoral scanner using stereolithographic (SLA) 3D printing technique, their digital replicas, and conventional stone casts. Materials and Methods In this in vitro study, a typodont of maxillary and mandibular arches with full dentate ivory teeth was used as a reference cast. The typodont was digitized using Trios 3Shape intraoral scanner to create digital casts. The digital files were converted into 3D printed physical casts using a prototyping machine that utilizes the stereolithography printing technology and photocurable polymer as printing material. Linear measurements (mesiodistal and occlusocervical) and interarch measurements (intercanine and intermolar) were made for digital and prototyped models and were compared with the original stone casts. The reference teeth were canines, first premolars and second premolars in the maxillary and mandibular arches on the right and left sides. The measurements on printed and conventional casts were done by digital caliper while on digital casts; Geomagic Qualify software was used. Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare measurements among groups. Results Digital casts showed significantly higher error than the other two groups in all linear and interarch measurements. The mean errors of the digital cast in occlusocervical (OC) and mesiodistal (MD) measurements (0.016 and 0.006, respectively) were higher compared with those in the other two groups (OC, 0.004 and 0.007 and MD, 0.003 and 0.005 [p < 0.0001 and p = 0.02, respectively]). Also, digital mean error in intermolar width (IMW) and intercanine width (ICW) (0.142 and 0.113, respectively) were greater than the other two groups (IMW, 0.019 and 0.008 and ICW, 0.021 and 0.011 [p < 0.0001]). However, the errors were within the acceptable clinical range. Conclusion The 3D printed casts may be considered as a substitute for stone casts with clinically acceptable accuracy that can be used in diagnosis, treatment planning, and fabrication of prosthetic restorations.

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Akl, Mohammed A., Dina E. Mansour, Fengyuan Zheng, and WookJin Seong. "Digital Mounting Jigs: A Novel Technique." Digital 2, no. 2 (April 14, 2022): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/digital2020010.

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The accuracy with which virtual articulators are able to simulate centric and eccentric movements when fabricating definitive restorations has not yet been proven to be on par with mechanical articulators which have been reliably used in restorative dentistry for decades. This may be an issue when working on complex restorative cases utilizing a digital workflow and could result in considerable chairside adjustment time and subsequent loss of occlusal anatomy and morphology. Interchanging between digital and analog workflows is a challenge as accurate cross-mounting is difficult due to the changes that occur as the digital and analog workflows progress. This technique article provides a method for the fabrication of simple digital mounting jigs that enable clinicians and laboratory technicians to mount printed digital wax-ups and working casts back onto a programmed mechanical articulator, opposing diagnostic casts that have originally been mounted by means of a facebow transfer. This allows for the positioning of printed digital wax-ups and working casts to be in the correct 3-dimensional spatial relationship on the mechanical articulator for any necessary occlusal adjustments of the digitally designed wax-ups and/or definitive restorations before they are moved chairside.

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Sanches, Júlia Olien, Lourdes Aparecida Martins dos Santos-Pinto, Ary dos Santos-Pinto, Betina Grehs, and Fabiano Jeremias. "Comparison of space analysis performed on plaster vs. digital dental casts applying Tanaka and Johnston's equation." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 18, no. 1 (February 2013): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2176-94512013000100024.

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare dental size measurements, their reproducibility and the application of Tanaka and Johnston regression equation in predicting the size of canines and premolars on plaster and digital dental casts. METHODS: Thirty plaster casts were scanned and digitized. Mesiodistal measurements of the teeth were then performed with a digital caliper on the plaster and digital casts using O3d software system (Widialabs©).The sum of the sizes of the lower incisors was used to obtain predictive values of the sizes of the premolars and canines using the regression equation, and these values were compared with the actual sizes of the teeth. The data were statistically analyzed by applying to the results Pearson's correlation test, Dahlberg's formula, paired t-test and analysis of variance (p<0.05). RESULTS: Excellent intraexaminer agreement was observed in the measurements performed on both dental casts. No random error was present in the measurements obtained with the caliper and systematic error (bias) was more frequent in the digital casts. Space prediction obtained by applying the regression equation was greater than the sum of the canines and premolars on the plaster and digital casts. CONCLUSIONS: Despite an adequate reproducibility of the measurements performed on both casts, most measurements on the digital casts were higher than those on the plaster casts. The predicted space was overestimated in both models and significantly higher in the digital casts.

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Bohner, Lauren, Marcel Hanisch, Graziela De Luca Canto, Eduardo Mukai, Newton Sesma, and Pedro Tortamano Neto. "Accuracy of Casts Fabricated by Digital and Conventional Implant Impressions." Journal of Oral Implantology 45, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00142.

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The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of stereolithographic casts (SCs) with those obtained using conventional implant impressions. An epoxy resin model containing dental implants was used as master model. Dental casts (n = 10) were fabricated through both conventional and digital implant impressions. The conventional casts (CCs), SCs, and the master model were digitized, and the accuracy was determined through a deviation analysis and linear measurements. Data were analyzed using paired Student t test with P < .05. The SCs showed higher deviation at the vestibular area (CC: 41 ± 28.87 μm; SC: 117 ± 36.83 μm) and lingual cusps (CC: 40.70 ± 19.79 μm; SC: 80 ± 42.95 μm) in comparison with CCs. No statistically significant difference was found for linear measurements of conventional and digital casts. The entire-arch accuracy was comparable between casts. However, SCs were less accurate at the cusp level in comparison with CCs.

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Venezia, Pietro, and Ferruccio Torsello. "Orientation of digital casts according to facial lines." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 120, no. 6 (December 2018): 964–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.01.016.

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Leung, Chung-Yan Vanessa, Yanqi Yang, Chongshan Liao, Urban Hägg, Ricky Wing Kit Wong, Colman McGrath, and Min Gu. "Digital Models as an Alternative to Plaster Casts in Assessment of Orthodontic Treatment Outcomes." Scientific World Journal 2018 (June 12, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9819384.

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Objective. This study aimed to compare the use of digital models and plaster casts in assessing the improvement in occlusion following orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods. Digital models and plaster casts of 39 consecutive patients at pre- and posttreatment stages were obtained and assessed using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and the Index of Complexity and Treatment Need (ICON). PAR and ICON scores were compared at individual and group levels. Categorization of improvement level was compared using Kappa (κ) statistics. Results. There was no significant difference in neither PAR scores (p > 0.05) nor ICON scores (p > 0.05) between digital and plaster cast assessments. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) values for changes in PAR and ICON scores were excellent (ICC > 0.80). Agreement of ratings of occlusal improvement level between digital and plaster model assessments was 0.83 (κ) for PAR and 0.59 (κ) for ICON, respectively. Conclusion. The study supported the use of digital models as an alternative to plaster casts when assessing changes in occlusion at the ‘individual patient’ level using ICON or PAR. However, it could not fully support digital models as an alternate to plaster casts at ‘the group level’ (as in the case of clinical audit/research).

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Goshtasby, A. A., S. Nambala, W. G. deRijk, and S. D. Campbell. "A system for digital reconstruction of gypsum dental casts." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 16, no. 5 (1997): 664–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/42.640757.

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Sayed, Mohammed E., Hosain Al-Mansour, Abdulkarim Hussain Alshehri, Fuad Al-Sanabani, Bandar M. A. Al-Makramani, Maryam Hassan Mugri, Walaa Magdy Ahmed, et al. "Accuracy of Master Casts Generated Using Conventional and Digital Impression Modalities: Part 2—The Full Arch Dimension." Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 2148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12042148.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of master casts generated by conventional (putty and light body consistencies polyvinyl siloxane and alginate) and digital impression techniques on a typodont master model with full-arch-prepared abutment teeth. The null hypotheses tested were as follows: (1) no statistically significant differences in accuracy between casts made by the two impression modalities and the typodont master model at each of the four locations (horizontal straight, horizontal curved, horizontal cross arch, and vertical), and (2) no statistically significant differences in dimensions measured at each of the four locations between the casts generated using the conventional and digital impression techniques. For the conventional technique, 10 impressions each were made for the typodont model using polyvinyl siloxane and alginate impression materials, and the casts were poured. For the digital technique, the typodont model was scanned 10 times using a TRIOS-3 3Shape intraoral scanner, and the casts were printed. The measurements for the horizontal (anteroposterior and cross arch) and vertical dimensions were made using a stereomicroscope and the accuracy of fabricated casts was expressed as the percentage of deviation from the typodont master model’s values. A one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05) were used to analyze the data. In the current study, the only measurement that did not exceed 0.5% in dimensional change was with the stone casts produced by both the 3M ESPE PVS and Kromopan alginate impression materials at the HAPC dimension. The casts generated by impressions made using the 3M ESPE PVS impression material were the most accurate, whereas the casts generated by making digital impressions using the TRIOS-3 3Shape intraoral scanner were the least accurate among the three tested groups. The greatest number of distortions above 0.5% (at all dimensional locations) was produced by the digital models printed using the ASIGA 3D printer.

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Rangel, Frits A., Thomas J. J. Maal, Stefaan J. Bergé, and Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman. "Integration of Digital Dental Casts in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scans." ISRN Dentistry 2012 (September 23, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/949086.

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Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used in maxillofacial surgery. The CBCT image of the dental arches, however, is of insufficient quality to use in digital planning of orthognathic surgery. Several authors have described methods to integrate digital dental casts into CBCT scans, but all reported methods have drawbacks. The aim of this feasibility study is to present a new simplified method to integrate digital dental casts into CBCT scans. In a patient scheduled for orthognathic surgery, titanium markers were glued to the gingiva. Next, a CBCT scan and dental impressions were made. During the impression-taking procedure, the titanium markers were transferred to the impression. The impressions were scanned, and all CBCT datasets were exported in DICOM format. The two datasets were matched, and the dentition derived from the scanned impressions was transferred to the CBCT of the patient. After matching the two datasets, the average distance between the corresponding markers was 0.1 mm. This novel method allows for the integration of digital dental casts into CBCT scans, overcoming problems such as unwanted extra radiation exposure, distortion of soft tissues due to the use of bite jigs, and time-consuming digital data handling.

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Jones, Simon. "In Focus: Software casts shadow over blue light lens thinking." Optician 2016, no. 2 (February 2016): 139590–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/opti.2016.2.139590.

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Blue light has been a buzz topic in optics for a number of years now, but digital device technology, one of the main protagonists in blue light marketing, is fighting back. Is there a risk that the need to filter blue light from digital devices may soon disappear? Simon Jones reports.

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Sigvardsson, Jacob, Samuel Nilsson, Maria Ransjö, and Anna Westerlund. "Digital Quantification of Occlusal Contacts: A Methodological Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 16, 2021): 5297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105297.

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Objective: To compare the reliability of digital occlusal contacts quantification and the validity of digital occlusal contacts quantification with traditional methods used for occlusal contact determination. Subjects and Methods: Thirty participants, all of whom were students at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg in Gothenburg, Sweden, were included in the study. Three different methods were used to evaluate occlusal contacts: (I) a digital examination of the patients’ casts, using the Ortho 3D Models (O3DM) software and measuring the total occlusal contact area in square millimeters (DE); (II) an examination involving the measurement of the total number of occlusal contacts on stone casts mounted in an articulator (AE); and (III) a clinical examination with the measurement of the total number of occlusal contacts with 8 μm-thick articulating foil (CE). Results: The repeated digital measurements (same casts scanned multiple times) showed a significant correlation of 0.85 (p < 0.01), which shows a diagnostic consistency. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the results obtained with the DE method and the AE of 0.41 (p < 0.05), and between those acquired with the AE method and the CE of 0.37 (p < 0.05). However, no significant correlation was found between the DE method and the CE method with a correlation coefficient of 0.10 (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Digital casts can be used for quantification of the total occlusal contact area (in mm2) owing to the high reliability of repeated measurements and the strong validity of the method compared to traditionally employed stone cast measurements.

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Al-Imam, Hiba, Mia Gram, Ana R. Benetti, and Klaus Gotfredsen. "Accuracy of stereolithography additive casts used in a digital workflow." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 119, no. 4 (April 2018): 580–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.05.020.

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Rangel, Frits A., Thomas J. J. Maal, Stefaan J. Bergé, Olivier J. C. van Vlijmen, Joanneke M. Plooij, Filip Schutyser, and Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman. "Integration of digital dental casts in 3-dimensional facial photographs." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 134, no. 6 (December 2008): 820–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.11.026.

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Westerlund, Anna, Weronika Tancredi, Maria Ransjö, Andrea Bresin, Spyros Psonis, and Olof Torgersson. "Digital casts in orthodontics: A comparison of 4 software systems." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 147, no. 4 (April 2015): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.11.020.

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Sayed, Mohammed E., Abdulkarim Hussain Alshehri, Bandar M. A. Al-Makramani, Fuad Al-Sanabani, Fawzia Ibraheem Shaabi, Fatimah H. Alsurayyie, Walaa Magdy Ahmed, Hosain Al-Mansour, and Saurabh Jain. "Accuracy of Master Casts Generated Using Conventional and Digital Impression Modalities: Part 1—The Half-Arch Dimension." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 17, 2021): 12034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112412034.

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Accurate impression-making is considered a vital step in the fabrication of fixed dental prostheses. There is a paucity of studies that compare the casts generated by various impression materials and techniques that are commonly used for the fabrication of provisional and definitive fixed prostheses. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of casts obtained using conventional impression and digital impression techniques. Thirty impressions were made for the typodont model (10 impressions each of polyvinyl siloxane, alginate, and alginate alternative materials). Ten digital models were printed from the same model using a TRIOS-3 3Shape intraoral scanner. Accuracy was assessed by measuring four dimensions (horizontal anteroposterior straight, horizontal anteroposterior curved, horizontal cross-arch, and vertical). A one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05) were used to analyze data. A statistically significant difference in the four dimensions of the stone casts and digital models was observed among the four groups (exception: between alginate alternative and 2-step putty–light body impression in the horizontal anteroposterior straight, horizontal anteroposterior curved, and horizontal cross-arch dimensions; between alginate and alginate alternative in the horizontal anteroposterior curved dimension; between alginate and 2-step putty–light body impression in the horizontal anteroposterior curved dimension; and between alginate alternative and digital in the vertical dimension). Polyvinyl siloxane had the highest accuracy compared to casts obtained from other impression materials and digital impressions.

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Berndt, Saskia, Hannah Herstell, Stefan Raith, Christina Kühne, and Sven Reich. "Accuracy of 3D-Printed Master Cast Workflow Using a Digital Light Processing Printer." Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (March 3, 2022): 2619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052619.

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This in vitro study was designed to investigate whether conventionally produced casts and printed casts for prosthodontic purposes show comparable full-arch accuracy; a ceramic reference cast with inlay and crown preparations was fabricated. Ten gypsum casts were fabricated from conventional silicone elastomeric impressions. Ten digital impressions [IOS] of the reference cast were obtained by an intraoral scanner to fabricate 3D-printed resin casts. The ceramic reference cast, the gypsum, and the printed casts were digitized by an industrial structured light scanner (ILS) and provided as stl files. To evaluate absolute mean trueness values, the digitized gypsum casts [CON], digitized printed casts [PRINT], and [IOS] were superimposed with the digitized ceramic reference cast [REF]. Additionally, each [IOS] scan was compared with its corresponding [PRINT]. The precision was calculated for [CON], [IOS], and [PRINT]. The Mann–Whitney U test for independent samples and the Wilcoxon test for connected samples were performed (p ≤ 0.05). As absolute mean deviation trueness values were obtained: 69 ± 24 µm for [REF]-[CON], 33 ± 4 µm for [REF]-[PRINT], and 19 ± 3 µm for [REF]-[IOS]. The superimposition [IOS]-[PRINT] revealed 38 ± 6 µm. The precision was 74 ± 22 µm for [CON], 32 ± 10 µm for [PRINT], and 15 ± 4 µm for [IOS]. With respect to the workflow, the trueness values of [REF]-[CON] and [REF]-[PRINT] differed significantly. Within the digital workflow, [REF]-[PRINT], [REF]-[IOS], and [IOS]-[PRINT], all values differed significantly. Within the limitations of the study, digital impression and printed cast fabrication were more accurate and reproducible than the conventional workflow.

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Papaspyridakos, Panos, Yo-wei Chen, Bahaa Alshawaf, Kiho Kang, Matthew Finkelman, Vasilios Chronopoulos, and Hans-Peter Weber. "Digital workflow: In vitro accuracy of 3D printed casts generated from complete-arch digital implant scans." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 124, no. 5 (November 2020): 589–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.10.029.

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Wriedt, S., I. Schmidtmann, M. Niemann, and H. Wehrbein. "Digital 3D image of bimaxillary casts connected by a vestibular scan." Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie 74, no. 4 (June 28, 2013): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00056-013-0152-1.

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Ali, Shuaib Al, Pratik Premjani, Anas H. Al-Mulla, and Donald J. Ferguson. "Accuracy of Three-dimensional Cone Beam Computed Tomography Digital Model Measurements Compared with Plaster Study Casts." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 7 (October 1, 2017): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/apos.apos_106_17.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) study casts by comparing with direct measurements taken from plaster study casts. Materials and Methods The dental arches of 30 patient subjects were imaged with a Kodak 9300 3D CBCT devise; Anatomodels were created and in vivo 5 imaging software was used to measure 10 dental arch variables which were compared to measurements of plaster study casts. Results: Three of the 10 variables, i.e., overbite, maxillary intermolar width, and arch length, were found significantly smaller (P < 0.05) using the Anatomodels following nonparametric Wilcoxon signed-rank testing. None of the differences found in the study averaged <0.5 mm. Conclusions 3D CBCT imaging provided clinically acceptable accuracy for dental arch analysis. 3D CBCT imaging tended to underestimate the actual measurement compared to plaster study casts.

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Baldi, Andrea, Allegra Comba, Edoardo Alberto Vergano, Michail L. Vakalis, Mario Alovisi, Damiano Pasqualini, Giorgio Ferrero, et al. "Digital Procedures Compared to Conventional Gypsum Casts in the Manufacturing of CAD/CAM Adhesive Restorations: 3D Surface Trueness and Interfacial Adaptation Analysis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 30, 2021): 5060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115060.

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Objective. The purpose of this ex vivo study was to compare the trueness of traditional and digital workflows and to analyze the interfacial fit of CAD/CAM restorations on gypsum and 3D-printed casts (3DC). Methods: Forty patients underwent indirect posterior adhesive restorations. After tooth preparation, both traditional and chairside procedures were followed. Obtained models were scanned to generate STL files of the intraoral impression (IOS), the conventional cast (RS), and the 3D-printed cast (3DCS). Superimposition of the casts was performed to evaluate trueness. Then, for each preparation, two identical CAD/CAM restorations were milled and luted on RS and 3DC. Micro-CT scan was performed to evaluate 3D interfacial fit. Results. Surface trueness analysis showed no significant differences among groups (p > 0.05), with average trueness ranging from 11.56 to 17.01 µm. Micro-CT analysis showed significant differences between gypsum casts (average ranging from 135.78 to 212.31 µm) and 3DC (average ranging from 57.63 to 144.55 µm) for both marginal and internal fit. Conclusions. In adhesive restorations manufacturing, digital and conventional procedures generate casts that are not significantly different. Marginal fit of adhesive restorations is similar to conventional crown design and clinically acceptable. It is assumable that a direct digital workflow could benefit from the usage of 3DC.

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Procházka, Aleš, Tatjana Dostálová, Magdaléna Kašparová, Oldřich Vyšata, Hana Charvátová, Saeid Sanei, and Vladimír Mařík. "Augmented Reality Implementations in Stomatology." Applied Sciences 9, no. 14 (July 22, 2019): 2929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9142929.

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Augmented reality has a wide range of applications in many areas that can extend the study of real objects into the digital world, including stomatology. Real dental objects that were previously examined using their plaster casts are often replaced by their digital models or three-dimensional (3D) prints in the cyber-physical world. This paper reviews a selection of digital methods that have been applied in dentistry, including the use of intra-oral scanning technology for data acquisition and evaluation of fundamental features of dental arches. The methodology includes the use of digital filters and morphological operations for spatial objects analysis, their registration, and evaluation of changes during the treatment of specific disorders. The results include 3D models of selected dental arch objects, which allow a comparison of their shape and position during repeated observations. The proposed methods present digital alternatives to the use of plaster casts for semiautomatic evaluation of dental arch measures. This paper describes some of the advantages of 3D digital technology replacing real world elements and plaster cast dental models in many areas of classical stomatology.

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de Prado, Iñigo, Mikel Iturrate, Rikardo Minguez, and Eneko Solaberrieta. "Evaluation of the Accuracy of a System to Align Occlusal Dynamic Data on 3D Digital Casts." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 6, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8079089.

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In recent years the T-Scan system has introduced the possibility of importing digitization of dental arches to its registrations. This is a remarkable advance, which allows an intuitive display of the location of the gathered dynamic data on the denture. Nevertheless, today’s usual method of manually positioning the arch in relation to the T-Scan’s force registration gives rise to the possibility of human error. In order to guarantee a good alignment between the dynamic registration and 3D digital casts, a specific method was developed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of this alignment method. For this purpose, it was compared with the most common procedure for detecting occlusal contacts, the articulating paper method. The comparison comprised overlapping digital models of both methods. Contacts of casts of 11 adults were registered, both with articulating paper and the T-Scan system. For one method, articulating paper marks were scanned in color; for the second method, the previously mentioned alignment was carried out with the T-Scan registrations. The results of both methods were overlapped in 3D digital casts, quantifying occlusal data matches. Statistical analyses were made to measure the quality of this alignment method. The study revealed a mean matching percentage of 79.02%, confirming the high reliability of the method.

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Fernandes, Luciana Quintanilha Pires, Livia Kelly Ferraz Nunes, Luana Santos Alves, Felipe de Assis Carvalho Ribeiro, and Jonas Capelli Júnior. "Three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular anterior dental crowding in digital dental casts." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 22, no. 3 (June 2017): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.22.3.064-071.oar.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Digital dental models provide a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of orthodontic cases. Although this technique is quite promising, there are few three-dimensional measurements methods described in the literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to propose a method for assessing the degree of mandibular anterior dental crowding in the three planes of space, using digital dental models. Methods: Thirty dental casts were selected and scanned by Maestro 3D Dental Scanner and imported by Geomagic Qualify 2013 software. The degree of crowding was calculated by two examiners, based on the Little’s Irregularity Index, by means of the definition of axial, coronal and sagittal planes for each model. Intraexaminer analysis was performed with Dahlberg’s Formula (DF) and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), and interexaminer analysis was performed with ICC and paired t-test. Results: The ICC showed an excellent agreement (p < 0.05) for all measurements, except for the intraexaminer and interexaminer in the Z-axis, in which it was found a moderate agreement. The DF showed a satisfactory accuracy with all measurements showing less than 1 mm difference. The paired t-test showed statistical difference between the examiners in two measurements, although it was clinical irrelevant. Conclusion: When comparing the three planes of space, the Z-axis showed the greatest variation in landmarks placement; however, overall, the present method seems precise and reproducible.

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Yordanova, Greta, and Gergana Gurgurova. "Perception and Feedback toward Digital Models and Plaster Casts in Orthodontic Patients." World Journal of Dentistry 12, no. 3 (2021): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1824.

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Leifert, Michael F., Melvyn M. Leifert, Stella S. Efstratiadis, and Thomas J. Cangialosi. "Comparison of space analysis evaluations with digital models and plaster dental casts." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 136, no. 1 (July 2009): 16.e1–16.e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.11.019.

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Zakaria, Nor Nadia, Wan Nurazreena Wan Hassan, and Yasmin Kamarudin. "Validity and reproducibility of a tripoding method in point registration-based 3D superimposition software compared to a conventional cephalometric method." Australasian Orthodontic Journal 38, no. 2 (September 6, 2022): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2022-0030.

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Abstract Objective: The present study aimed to assess the validity and reproducibility of a tripoding reference method for digital study cast superimposition to measure maxillary tooth movement. Methods: This retrospective study used 30 treated orthodontic cases which required premolar extractions. Pre- and post-treatment cephalograms were conventionally superimposed, while digitised study casts were superimposed using point registration-based software (Materialise 3-matic Research 12.0) and a tripoding method. This method involved superimposing the digital study casts using the medial two-thirds of the third palatal rugae, and the bilateral depression of the greater palatine foramen as references. Incisor and molar orthodontic tooth movements in the vertical and horizontal planes were measured using the Pancherz analysis for cephalograms and Materialise 3-matic software for the digitised study casts. Validity and agreement were assessed by a paired t test and a Bland-Altman analysis while reproducibility was assessed by an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and a paired t test. Clinical significance was set at 2 mm. Results: The paired t tests found no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in tooth movements between the cephalometric and digitised cast measurements, and between the same measurement methods. However, the Bland-Altman analysis showed the 95% limits of agreement were greater than 2 mm but less than 4.3 mm for all measurements. The ICC showed all measurements had good to excellent reproducibility. Conclusion: The tripoding method is a valid and reliable method to superimpose the maxillary study casts for measuring incisor and molar orthodontic movements but it is not interchangeable with the Pancherz analysis.

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Lee, Jason D., German O. Gallucci, and Sang J. Lee. "An In-Vitro Evaluation of Articulation Accuracy for Digitally Milled Models vs. Conventional Gypsum Casts." Dentistry Journal 10, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj10010011.

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With the advent of a digital workflow in dentistry, the inter-occlusal articulation of digital models is now possible through various means. The Cadent iTero intraoral scanner uses a buccal scan in maximum intercuspation to record the maxillomandibular relationship. This in-vitro study compares the occlusion derived from conventionally articulated stone casts versus that of digitally articulated quadrant milled models. Thirty sets of stone casts poured from full arch polyvinyl siloxane impressions (Group A) and thirty sets of polyurethane quadrant models milled from digital impressions (Group B) were used for this study. The full arch stone casts were hand-articulated and mounted on semi-adjustable articulators, while the digitally derived models were pre-mounted from the milling center based on the data obtained from the buccal scanning procedure. A T-scan sensor was used to obtain a bite registration from each set of models in both groups. The T-scan data derived from groups A and B were compared to that from the master model to evaluate the reproducibility of the occlusion in the two groups. A statistically significant difference of the contact region surface area was found on #11 of the digitally articulated models compared to the master. An analysis of the force distribution also showed a tendency for a heavier distribution on the more anterior #11 tooth for the digitally articulated models. Within the limitations of this study, the use of a digitally articulated quadrant model system may result in a loss of accuracy, in terms of occlusion, the further anteriorly the tooth to be restored is located. Care must be taken to consider the sources of inaccuracies in the digital workflow to minimize them for a more efficient and effective restorative process.

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Alshawaf, Bahaa, Hans-Peter Weber, Matthew Finkelman, Khaled El Rafie, Yukio Kudara, and Panos Papaspyridakos. "Accuracy of printed casts generated from digital implant impressions versus stone casts from conventional implant impressions: A comparative in vitro study." Clinical Oral Implants Research 29, no. 8 (June 21, 2018): 835–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/clr.13297.

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Rattanasumawong, Sopit, Peerapong Santiwong, Somchart Raocharernporn, and Syrina Tantidhnazet. "Accuracy of Three Bracket Transfer Media for Indirect Bonding Techniques (IDB) Fabricated by Three-Dimensional Printing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 897 (April 2020): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.897.179.

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To evaluate and compare the accuracy of bracket placement in three bracket transfer media techniques for indirect bonding. A total of 300 brackets were bonded on dental casts by indirect bonding techniques using three different bracket transfer media. The bracket positions were simulated by digital software. In the first two methods, digital models were designed with two types of markers, one with fully mocked up bracket (container method), and another with only marked bracket margins (marker method), then the models were printed out by a three-dimensional (3D) printer using pink resin and bracket transfer trays were vacuum formed on these models with polyvinylsiloxane. In the third methods, digital software was used to design full arch transfer trays, and printed by a stereolithographic 3D printer using elastic resin. With the transfer trays, the brackets were bonded onto dental stone casts, and a 3D model scanner was used to capture the final bracket positions on the casts. Superimpositions between the planned and actual bracket positions were done. Nonparametric statistical analyses were used to determine whether there were significant differences between planned and actual bracket positions and between the three methods. All significant differences in bracket position were less than 0.31 mm and most (95%) were less than 0.08 mm. Significant differences between all three methods were found. Indirect bonding methods using digital software combined with 3D printing show good accuracy with clinically insignificant positional discrepancies of less than 0.5mm.

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Kekez, Ivna Vuković, Gordana Paić Karega, Marina Gadža, Benjamin Benzon, Ivana Medvedec Mikić, Katarina Vukojevic, and Danijela Kalibovic Govorko. "Conventional vs. Digital Dental Impression." International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare 11, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrqeh.298631.

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Dental impressions are an important part of routine diagnostic and therapeutic dental procedures. Using conventional impression materials, the dentist captures intraoral details, and the dental technician uses impression for dental casts pouring. Intraoral scanners (IOS) are fast, accurate and more pleasant for a patient than conventional impression techniques and became a valid alternative to those procedures. Thirty-four dental students performed alginate and digital impressions on each other and filled two two-part questionnaires to reveal their preferences and expectations from both techniques. The results showed a statistically significant difference in time needed for digital and conventional impressions, with digital being faster. From the patient's perspective, the digital scan was more pleasant than the conventional impression. The majority of participants thought digital techniques would completely replace conventional techniques during their lifetime and find it necessary to implement new technologies in dental schools' curricula.

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Sfondrini, Maria Francesca, Paola Gandini, Maurizio Malfatto, Francesco Di Corato, Federico Trovati, and Andrea Scribante. "Computerized Casts for Orthodontic Purpose Using Powder-Free Intraoral Scanners: Accuracy, Execution Time, and Patient Feedback." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4103232.

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Introduction. Intraoral scanners allow direct images of oral situation, with fewer steps than conventional impressions. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of digital impressions, traditional impressions, and digitalization of full-arch gypsum models, to evaluate timing of different methods and finally to study perception of patients about conventional and digital impression techniques. Methods. Dental arches of fourteen patients were evaluated by alginate impression, titanium dioxide powder-free intraoral scanning (Trios, 3Shape), and digitalization obtained from gypsum models using the same scanner. Conventional and digital techniques were evaluated through measurements (lower and upper arch anteroposterior length, lower and upper intercanine distance, and lower and upper intermolar distance) with a caliber for analogic models and using a computer software for digital models (Ortho Analyzer, Great Lakes Orthodontics). In addition, chairside and processing times were recorded. Finally, each patient completed a VAS questionnaire to evaluate comfort. Statistical analyses were performed with ANOVA and Tukey tests for accuracy measurements and paired t-test for times and VAS scores. Significance was predetermined at P<0.05. Results. The measurements obtained with intraoral scanning, gypsum models after conventional impression, and digitalized gypsum models were not significantly different. Both chairside and processing times of digital scanning were shorter than the traditional method. VAS reporting patients comfort were significantly higher when evaluating digital impression. Conclusions. Intraoral scanners used for orthodontic applications provide useful data in clinical practice, comparable to conventional impression. This technology is more time efficient than traditional impression and comfortable for patients. Further evolution with more accurate and faster scanners could in future replace traditional impression methods.

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Kropiwnicka, Anna, Beata Kowalewska-Jarosz, and Teresa Sierpińska. "Digital models and plaster casts in dental technology and orthodontics: A literature review." Prosthodontics 67, no. 1 (March 10, 2017): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/00331783.1233261.

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Nowadays biotechnology can offer vast opportunities for maxillofacial surgery. The new prostheses and individual face implants can be produced at the chairside. A great problem for dental and maxillofacial surgeon is the reconstruction of lost bone. Bone loss may be caused by resorption, trauma or resection after surgical treatment of tumours. Rehabilitation of the majority of these patients requires a bone graft. Lack of general protocol and a multitude of materials used to rebuild bony tissue often makes it difficult to choose the best method. In the present study, xenograft of bovine bone granulate (applied with collagen memebrane) has been compared with autogenous bone graft. The statistical analysis was performed to compare the level of bone loss following these procedures with a possibility of introducing dental implants in reconstructed tissue. A total of 41 patients (26 women and 15 men) underwent reconstruction in 62 treatment sites. 13 reconstructions were performed with bovine bone xenograft and 49 with autogenous bone graft. The level of bone loss was lower in cases where bovine bone substitute material was applied, and thus gave better possibility to perform dental implant treatment.

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Xiao, Zhuoxing, Zijin Liu, and Yan Gu. "Integration of digital maxillary dental casts with 3D facial images in orthodontic patients:." Angle Orthodontist 90, no. 3 (January 20, 2019): 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/071619-473.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate three-dimensional (3D) accuracy and reliability of nonradiographic dentofacial images integrated with a two-step method. Methods 3D facial images, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and digital maxillary dental casts were obtained from 20 pre-orthodontic subjects. Digital dental casts were integrated into 3D facial images using a two-step method based on the anterior tooth area. 3D coordinate values of five dental landmarks were identified in both dentofacial images and CBCT images. The accuracy of the integration method was assessed with paired t-tests between dentofacial images and CBCT-based reference standards. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were assessed for the reliability of dentofacial images and CBCT-based images. Analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis tests evaluated the accuracy of the method in different dimensions. Results There was no statistical difference between dentofacial images and CBCT reference standards in both translational and rotational dimensions (P > .05). Translational mean absolute errors for full dentitions were within 0.42 mm and ICCs were over 0.998 in x, y, and z directions. Rotational mean absolute errors for full dentitions were within 0.92° and ICCs over 0.734 in pitch, yaw, and roll orientations. Integration errors were significantly greater in the first molar, z-translation, and pitch rotation (P < .05). Conclusions Integrating 3D dentofacial images with the two-step method is precise and acceptable for clinical diagnostics and scientific purposes. Errors were greater in the molar region, z-translation, and pitch rotation.

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Cho, Seok-Hwan, Oliver Schaefer, Geoffrey A. Thompson, and Arndt Guentsch. "Comparison of accuracy and reproducibility of casts made by digital and conventional methods." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 113, no. 4 (April 2015): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.09.027.

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Prakash, Poonam, and Ambika Narayanan. "Confluence of digital and conventional protocols in removable Prosthodontics- A clinical report." IP Annals of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry 7, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.aprd.2021.045.

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Digitization in removable Prosthodontics offers multiple advantages such as digital surveying, designing the framework with components and obtaining a 3D printed resin framework which can be tried intraorally and cast using conventional techniques, teeth arrangement. This technology is time-saving, highly accurate, also allows digital archiving of casts. This case report presents utilization of digital techniques and conventional protocols in rehabilitation of a bilateral posterior edentulous mandibular arch with an attachment retained cast partial denture.

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Pera, Francesco, Paolo Pesce, Francesco Bagnasco, Nicolò Pancini, Massimo Carossa, Lorenzo Baldelli, Marco Annunziata, Marco Migliorati, Domenico Baldi, and Maria Menini. "Comparison of Milled Full-Arch Implant-Supported Frameworks Realised with a Full Digital Workflow or from Conventional Impression: A Clinical Study." Materials 16, no. 2 (January 15, 2023): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020833.

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Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the accuracy of a new digital impression system, comparing it to the plaster impression technique in the realization of full-arch implant-supported metal frameworks. Methods: We took 11 scans (8 of the upper maxilla and 3 of the lower jaw) on a sample of nine patients previously rehabilitated with fixed full-arch screw-retained prostheses following the Columbus Bridge Protocol (CBP) with four to six implants (total: 51) since at least 4 months. Two impressions were taken for each dental arch: one analogic plaster impression using pick-up copings and an open tray technique and a second one using an intra-oral scanner. Two milled metal substructures were realised. The precision and passivity of the substructures were clinically analysed through the Sheffield test and endo-oral radiographs. Laboratory scans of the plaster casts obtained from an intra-oral scanner (IOS) and of the plaster casts obtained from traditional impression were compared with the intraoral scans following Hausdorff’s method and an industrial digital method of optical detection to measure discrepancies. A Mann–Whitney test was performed in order to investigate average distances between surfaces after the superposition. Results: The Sheffield test demonstrated an excellent passivity of the frameworks obtained through both the digital and the analogic method. In 81.81% of cases (n = 9) both substructures were found to have a perfect fit with excellent passivity, while in 18.18% (n = 2) of cases the substructures were found to have a very slight discrepancy. From the radiographic examination, no gaps between the frameworks and the implant heads or multiunit abutments were observed, with 100% accuracy. By superimposing digital files of scans according to Hausdorff’s method, a statistically significant discrepancy (p = 0.006) was found between the digital scans and the digital models obtained from plaster impressions. Three-dimensional optical detection found a mean discrepancy of 0.11 mm between the analogic cast and the cast derived from the digital impression. Conclusions: The present study clinically demonstrates that milled implant-supported full-arch frameworks obtained through a digital scan and the herein described technique have an accuracy comparable to those obtained with traditional plaster impression.

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Khalid, Mariya, Mohammad Ali Chughtai, Sohrab Shaheed, and Syed Nasir Shah. "Comparison of Repeated Chemical and Microwave Disinfection on Dimensional Accuracy of Gypsum Casts." Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 30, no. 04 (December 19, 2021): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25301/jpda.304.235.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this experimental study is to compare the dimensional accuracy of gypsum casts after repeated disinfection in microwave at 900 Watts, 2450 MHz (5 minutes) and immersion in 0.5% Sodium hypochlorite (10 minutes). Disinfecting casts is recommended to prevent cross infection but may cause dimensional changes. During fabrication of prosthesis, a cast may get contaminated several times so there is a need of repeated disinfection. METHODOLOGY: Sample size was 33 (11 in each group), calculated through WHO software for sample size determination by using standard deviation of 0.16 at 95% confidence interval and 80% power of study. Impressions in irreversible hydrocolloid were recorded of an acrylic cast fabricated for this study. The impressions were poured with die stone and were randomly divided into 3 groups; Group I: Microwave disinfection, Group II: Immersion disinfection in 0.5% Sodium hypochlorite, Group III: Control group. For Groups I and II, each cast was disinfected 7 times with 5 minutes interval between two disinfection cycles, after every cycle anteroposterior and mediolateral measurements were recorded using digital Vernier caliper (accuracy upto 0.01 mm). For group III, casts were rinsed with distilled water, dried in open air within temperature range of 28+/-2OC for 10 mins followed by anteroposterior and mediolateral measurements. This procedure was repeated seven times for each cast. RESULTS: Anteroposterior and Mediolateral differences of dimensional change between and within the Group A, B and C was calculated by One Way ANOVA. Inter/intra examiner reliability was taken into consideration at the time of study. Mean dimensional change in the casts were insignificant through six disinfecting cycles. However, in the seventh cycle, a significant difference (p=0.003) was observed in the anteroposterior dimension (0.03% dimensional change for Group A and 1.26 % for Group B whereas, in mediolateral dimension, dimensional change was 0.35% for Group A and 0.59% for Group B (p=0.004). Dimensional change of >0.5% was considered as the cutoff value for casts to be considered as dimensionally accurate. Casts disinfected through immersion disinfection did not produce dimensionally inaccurate casts in anteroposterior dimension after third cycle and in seventh cycle in mediolateral dimension. However, result is significant only in seventh cycle. Microwave disinfection produced dimensionally accurate casts throughout all cycles. CONCLUSION: Microwave disinfected casts remained dimensionally stable compared to immersion disinfection. KEYWORDS: Disinfection, microwave, immersion, dimensional stability, gypsum casts

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Glisic, Olja, Louise Hoejbjerre, and Liselotte Sonnesen. "A comparison of patient experience, chair-side time, accuracy of dental arch measurements and costs of acquisition of dental models." Angle Orthodontist 89, no. 6 (July 1, 2019): 868–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/020619-84.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To compare patient experience, chairside time, dental arch distances, and costs of dental models derived from intraoral scans and alginate impressions in pre-orthodontic children and young adolescents. Materials and Methods: Fifty-nine children and young adolescents (9–15 years, mean: 12.70 years) had an intraoral scan and an alginate impression prior to orthodontic treatment. During the procedures, chairside time was registered in minutes and patient experience was assessed by a Visual Analogue Scale questionnaire. Four maxillary dental arch distances were measured on digital models, on plaster casts, and directly in the mouth (intraoral). The cost of each procedure was presented graphically. Differences between the two procedures were tested by paired t-test and general linear model. Results: Patient experience was statistically better during intraoral scan compared with alginate impression regarding comfort, gag reflex, breathing, smell/sound, taste/vibration, and all statements concerning anxiety (P < .05). No significant difference in chairside time between the two procedures was found. No statistically significant differences in dental arch distances between digital models and plaster casts were found, but dental arch distances measured intraorally differed significantly from both digital models and plaster casts (P < .05). Cost calculation showed that the digital procedure was 10.7 times more expensive than the conventional procedure initially and, that after 3.6 years, the two procedures were equal in cost. Conclusions: Children preferred intraoral scan rather than alginate impression. Chairside time was equal for the two procedures as were the measurements of maxillary dental arch distances. The two procedures were equal in cost at 3.6 years.

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Lo Giudice, Antonino, Simone Muraglie, Stefano Martina, Vincenzo Ronsivalle, and Rosalia Leonardi. "Accuracy and Reliability of Space Analysis Measurements in Digital Models with Different Degrees of Crowding." Open Dentistry Journal 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601913010505.

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Background: With the introduction of digital systems in the orthodontic field, it is not still clear if such systems can accurately substitute analogical systems in the diagnosis and orthodontic treatment plane. Objective: The study compared the Arch Length Discrepancy (TALD) and Bolton ratio obtained from plaster dental casts (gold standard) and digital models and tested the null hypothesis that TALD and Bolton ratio measurements in digital models are affected by the degree of crowding. Methods: The sample included 40 dental models divided into five sub-groups, according to the American Board of Orthodontists (ABO) score of crowding. Plaster casts were scanned by a 3D laser scanner to obtain digital models. In digital and plaster models, the mesiodistal width of each tooth and arch lengths (maxillary and mandibular) were measured to calculate anterior and total Bolton ratios and TALD. Three operators performed measurements on plaster and digital models using a digital caliper and OrthoAnalyzerTM 3D software (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark). Results: No statistically significant differences were obtained for intra and inter-examiner reliability (p > 0.05). When comparing plaster and digital findings, statistically significant differences were obtained for all measurements except for mandibular arch length and anterior Bolton ratio. In general, there was an overestimation of tooth size and arch length discrepancy in digital models. Moreover, the mean difference of measurements between both the methods increased in more crowded models. Conclusions: Crowding affects, the accuracy of Bolton ratio, and the arch length measurements. since the overestimation is relatively small, it should not be considered of clinical significance.

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Tavares, Alana, Emanuel Braga, and Telma Martins de Araújo. "Digital models: How can dental arch form be verified chairside?" Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 22, no. 6 (November 2017): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.22.6.068-073.oar.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Plaster dental casts are routinely used during clinical practice to access maxillary dental arch form and assist on fabrication of individualized orthodontic archwires. Recently introduced, digital model technology may offer a limitation for the obtainment of a dental physical record. In this context, a tool for dental arch form assessment for chairside use is necessary when employing digital models. In this regard, paper print of the dental arch seems thus to be useful. Methods: In the present study, 37 lower arch models were used. Intercanine and intermolar widths and dental arch length measurements were performed and compared using plaster dental casts, digital models and paper print image of the models. Ortho Insight 3D scanner was employed for model digitalization. Results: No statistically significant differences were noted regarding the measurements performed on the plaster or digital models (p> 0.05). Paper print images, however, showed subestimated values for intercanine and intermolar widths and overestimated values for dental arch length. Despite being statistically significant (p< 0.001), the differences were considered clinically negligible. Conclusion: The present study suggests that paper print images obtained from digital models are clinically accurate and can be used as a tool for dental arch form assessment for fabrication of individualized orthodontic archwires.

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Rahman, Md Zillur. "Digital Libraries in the New Millennium." Bangladesh Journal of Library and Information Science 2, no. 1 (December 13, 2012): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjlis.v2i1.12926.

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The concept of digital library is not a new one, although it is only recently that digital library is gaining prominence all over the world. This article provides a holistic understanding of digital libraries including its present context and future directions. Various technical issues ingrained in the concept of digital library also has been analysed in the article. Issues like interoperability, information retrieval, property and access control and usability also has been discussed in detail. Although digital library is a technical phenomenon, it has wider social and economic implications. The article casts a critical glance at these implications as well. In the end, ongoing international efforts in the arena of digital libraries also has been discussed. Bangladesh Journal of Library and Information Science Vol.2(1) July 2012 pp.92-102DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjlis.v2i1.12926

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Krimmel, Michael, Susanne Kluba, Margit Bacher, Klaus Dietz, and Siegmar Reinert. "Digital Surface Photogrammetry for Anthropometric Analysis of the Cleft Infant Face." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 43, no. 3 (May 2006): 350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/05-077.1.

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Objective To analyze the three-dimensional morphology of the cleft infant face with digital surface photogrammetry. Design Fifty plaster casts of unoperated infants with cleft lip and palate were imaged three-dimensionally with digital surface photogrammetry. Twenty-one standard craniofacial measurements were taken. The plaster casts were divided into 4 groups with unilateral, bilateral, complete, and incomplete clefts of the lip and palate. The measurements were compared with standard values for healthy infants. Results Significant differences (p < .0025) were found for the alar base width (33% to 55%), the alar base root width (59% to 103%), the width of the nose (7% to 25%), the length of the alar wing (18% to 25%), and the intercanthal (6% to 17%) and biocular (4% to 12%) width, depending on the cleft type. The vertical dimensions of the nose and the upper lip did not differ significantly from the controls. Conclusion This study describes preliminary data on the cleft infant facial deformity. The obtained results were mainly in agreement with data in the limited literature. Three-dimensional photogrammetry has proven to be reliable and can be applied more readily to potentially uncooperative patients.

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Jung, Seung Wook, Yi-Qin Fan, and Chunui Lee. "Digital Workflow for Edentulous Patients with Implant-Supported Fixed Prostheses: A Fully Digital Technique." Dentistry Journal 10, no. 9 (September 15, 2022): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj10090174.

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Dentists have made prostheses using traditional methods, which are inconvenient and time-consuming. It includes functional impression taking, plaster model production, wax rim production, intermaxillary relationship and occlusal plane setting, artificial tooth arrangement, denture polymerization, polishing, etc. To make prostheses in this way, the patient has to visit the dentist several times, and it takes a long time for them to receive treatment. In addition, the potential for errors associated with the denture-manufacturing process and the use of denture materials has always existed. However, the recent use of digital technology in dentistry has made it possible to create digital prostheses. Several techniques for the immediate loading of implants with a fixed prostheses in edentulous patients have been developed. However, these techniques are partially digital techniques that include laboratory work for prosthesis fabrication. This article aimed to describe a fully digital technique for implant-supported fixed prostheses. It includes intra-oral scanning of edentulous patients, implant placement planning, and final prosthesis fabrication. This technique facilitates a simple and more efficient immediate restoration after implant placement without using stone casts.

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Martinez Madero, Elena, Jaime García Montarelo, Grace Stefany Aguayo, and Conchita Martin. "Comparison between Digital Casts and Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Measuring Maxillary Transverse Dimensions in Patients with Impacted Canines." Children 9, no. 2 (February 17, 2022): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9020278.

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Cone beam computed tomography (CBTCT) scans (n = 45) and digital dental casts (n = 45) were both used to measure the maxillary transverse dimensions in patients with impacted maxillary canines. The objectives were to explore the associations of these dimensions with the impaction and patient characteristics, and to compare the measurements between these techniques. The maxillary width was measured on scans and casts at the Walaridge, and the intermolar width and interpremolar width levels were measured at the first and second premolars (measured from the buccal grooves and the palatal cuspids, and the palatal and lingual amelocemental junctions). Two examiners independently compared the measurements between the control quadrants (without impaction) and the case quadrants (with impaction) in patients with unilateral impactions, and between the unilateral and bilateral impaction groups. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess the interexaminer reliability and paired or independent Student’s t-tests and ANOVAs were used for comparisons. The ICCs were 0.887 and 0.919, globally, for the measurements on the CBCT scans and casts, respectively, which indicates the excellent interexaminer reliability. On the CBCT scans, statistically significant differences were found between the case and control quadrants in the transverse measurements at the lingual level on the upper first molars, and at the WALA ridge level on the upper second premolars (p < 0.05) in the unilateral impaction group. Significant differences were found between the case quadrants in the unilateral versus the bilateral groups at the WALA ridge on the second premolars in casts (p < 0.05), and at the lingual point on the first molars on the CBCT scans (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences in the transverse measurements were observed between the impacted buccal and palatal canines on either the casts or CBCT scans. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the transverse measurements between digital models and CBCT scans.

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Seo, KweonSoo, and Sunjai Kim. "A New Method to Evaluate Trueness and Precision of Digital and Conventional Impression Techniques for Complete Dental Arch." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 4612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104612.

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to present a new method to analyze the three-dimensional accuracy of complete-arch dental impressions and verify the reliability of the method. Additionally, the accuracies of conventional and intraoral digital impressions were compared using the new method. Methods: A master model was fabricated using 14 milled polyetheretherketone cylinders and a maxillary acrylic model. Each cylinder was positioned and named according to its corresponding tooth position. Twenty-five definitive stone casts were fabricated using conventional impressions of the master model. An intraoral scanner was used to scan the master model 25 times to fabricate 25 digital models. A coordinate measuring machine was used to physically probe each cylinder in the master model and definitive casts. An inspection software was used to probe cylinders of digital models. A three-dimensional part coordinate system was defined and used to compute the centroid coordinate of each cylinder. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was evaluated to examine the reliability of the new method. Independent two sample t-test was performed to compare the trueness and precision of conventional and intraoral digital impressions (α = 0.05). Results: ICC results showed that, the new method had almost perfect reliability for the measurements of the master model, conventional and digital impression. Conventional impression showed more accurate absolute trueness and precision than intraoral digital impression for most of the tooth positions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The new method was reliable to analyze the three-dimensional deviation of complete-arch impressions. Conventional impression was still more accurate than digital intraoral impression for complete arches.

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Abduo, Jaafar. "Accuracy of casts produced from conventional and digital workflows: A qualitative and quantitative analyses." Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics 11, no. 2 (2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.4047/jap.2019.11.2.138.

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tammas, Dr Omar Mohammad Al, and Dr Hussein Ali Al Essa. "In vitro study on reliability of digital scanning in duplicating removable partial dentures casts." International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences 6, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 661–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/oral.2020.v6.i3j.1021.

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Goodfellow, Nicky. "A Digital Approach to Photographing and Measuring Cleft Lip and Palate Dental Study Casts." Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine 30, no. 2 (January 2007): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17453050701534290.

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Ribeiro, Paulo, Mariano Herrero-Climent, Carmen Díaz-Castro, José Vicente Ríos-Santos, Roberto Padrós, Javier Gil Mur, and Carlos Falcão. "Accuracy of Implant Casts Generated with Conventional and Digital Impressions—An In Vitro Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 8 (July 27, 2018): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081599.

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Abstract:

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of digital dental impressions with the accuracy of impressions obtained via conventional techniques. Methods: Two different master models were created, one with parallel implants (model 1) and the other with non-parallel implants (model 2). These reference master models included 4 Klockner KL RP implants (Klockner Implant System SA, Barcelona, Spain), which were juxta-placed and equidistant in the intermentoneal region. In model 1 the implants were placed parallel to each other, whereas in model 2 the implants were placed such that there was a divergence angle of 15° between the more distal implants, and a convergence angle of 15° between the two central implants. A total of four types of impressions were obtained from model 1 (four groups, n = 10 each), including closed tray impressions with replacement abutments; open tray impression groups for dragging copings, without splinting; open tray impressions for ferrules; and impressions obtained using the 3MTM True Definition Scanner system. For model 2 three groups were created (three groups, n = 10 each), including closed tray impressions with replacement abutments; open tray impression for dragging copings, without splinting; and impressions obtained using the 3MTM True Definition Scanner system. The master models and the models obtained using conventional methods were digitalized in order to compare them via an extraoral high-resolution scanner (Imetric IScan D104i, Porretruy, Switzerland). The STL (Stereo Lithography (format for transferring 3 dimensional shape information)) digital values were loaded into reverse-engineering software and superimposed with their respective STL master models in order to evaluate deviations in three dimensions. We then analyzed the squares of the deviations in the three axes and evaluated the median and the sum of the deviation square. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM Corp. Released 2016. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. The normality of the distributions was analyzed according to a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The median comparison was performed using the differences between the medians, analyzed using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: For model 1, the deviations of the digital impressions were smaller than those associated with the conventional techniques. The sum value in group D was 1,068,292, which was significantly lower than those of groups A, B, and C, which were shown to be 2,114,342, 2,165,491, and 1,265,918, respectively. This improvement was not observed when using model 2, however, where the conventional techniques yielded similar results. Group F simultaneously presented the lowest total square sum of the three deviations (1,257,835), indicating a significantly higher accuracy for this group in model 2, while the sum values were 1,660,975 and 1,489,328 for groups E and G, respectively. Conclusion: Digital impressions of full-arch models were able to achieve the accuracy of conventional impressions in an in vitro model. Nevertheless, further in vivo studies are needed to validate these in vitro results.

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