Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Diffusion of innovations India'
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Dhongde, Sharvey. "Technology and innovation diffusion : a workers' perspective." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0032/MQ64108.pdf.
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Haenssgen, Marco Johannes. "Mobile phone diffusion and rural heathcare access in India and China." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3f48fc8b-5414-4851-926b-07a57eed6cfe.
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Three decades of mobile phone diffusion, thousands of mobile-phone-based health projects worldwide ("mHealth"), and tens of thousands of health applications in Apple's iTunes store, but fundamental questions about the effect of phone diffusion on people's healthcare behaviour remain unanswered. Empirical, theoretical, and methodological gaps in the study of mobile phones and health reinforce each other and lead to simplifying assumptions that mobile phones are a ubiquitous and neutral platform for interventions to improve health and healthcare. This contradicts what we know from the technology adoption literature. This thesis explores the theoretical link between mobile phone diffusion and healthcare access; develops and tests a new multidimensional indicator of mobile phone adoption; and analyses the effects of phone use on people's healthcare-seeking behaviour. My mixed methods research design - implemented in rural Rajasthan (India) and Gansu (China) - involves qualitative research with 231 participants and primary survey data from 800 persons. My research yields a qualitatively grounded framework that describes the accessibility and suitability of mobile phones in healthcare-seeking processes, the heterogeneous outcomes of phone use and non-use on healthcare access, and the uneven equity consequences in this process. Quantitative analysis based on the framework finds that mobile phone use in rural India and China increases access to healthcare, but it also invites more complex and delayed health behaviours and the over-use of scarce healthcare resources. Moreover, increasing phone-aided health action threatens to marginalise socio-economically disadvantaged groups further. I present here the first quantitative evidence on how mobile phone adoption influences healthcare-seeking behaviour. This challenges the common view that mHealth interventions operate on a neutral platform and draws attention to potential targeting, user acceptance, and sustainability problems. The framework and tools developed in this thesis can support policy considerations for health systems to evaluate and address the healthcare implications of mobile phone diffusion.
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Bellanca, Raffaella. "Diffusion of innovations : reforestation in Haiti." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22538.
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Development discourse emerged from the implicit assumption that the technological achievements and societal organizations of western civilization represent successes of humankind in inhabiting the planet, and should therefore be promoted among other cultures. The ecological threats of this time suggest the contrary, forcing us to reconsider the positiveness of over exploitations of natural resources and to recognize the paradox of the economical growth model. A new urgent meaning for development is that of rediscussing what characterizes an ideal society and enabling the transformation toward sustainability and justice. Among the many challenges that the planet is facing deforestation well represents the reach of the problems since it affects humans at several levels: from the smallest scale of family economy with the products they can directly offer; to the national size through the effect they have on the environmental conditions of countries; and to the global level for the influence over the planet’s climate. In this era of tremendous transformations, demanding the reduction of consumptions for developed countries and appropriate planning of future consumption for developing ones, communication plays a central role. Exchange of information without preferential directions and between different levels (global-local, local-local) is at the base of this process. This study analyses the communication dynamics of a reforestation campaign in Haiti operated by the NGO AMURT. Assuming that the idea of planting trees rather then cutting them can be seen as an innovation, I adopted as a theoretical framework the findings of “Diffusion of Innovation” research. In particular I used the field work to critically assess some of the diffusion model’s findings, especially concerning the characterization of early adopters which I perceived as pro-innovation biased.An analysis of the NGO communication strategy according to diffusion of innovation parameters revealed several positive points, such as the use of homophile change agents, the adaptation of messages to the audience and the characterization of the meaning of the innovation from a receiver’s perspective. Nevertheless, the most important reasons for the success of the program rather seemed to sit in the NGO approach: the relationship of trust, the stability of its presence in the area and the intimate contact and cooperation with the local social structures.
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Philippe, Luc. "Imitation et diffusion internationale des innovations." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375943434.
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Quélin, Bertrand V. "Changement technologique et diffusion des innovations." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617762r.
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Halila, Fawzi. "The adoption and diffusion of environmental innovations." Doctoral thesis, Luleå : Luleå, Department of Buisness Administration and Social Sciences, Division of Industrial Management, Luleå University of Technology, 2007. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2007/42.
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Islam, Towhidul. "Modelling and forecasting the diffusion of innovations." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362879.
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Undrum, Michael, and Andreas Ebbesen. "Diffusion of Process Innovations in Public Hospitals." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-26165.
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Norwegian hospitals are challenged by demographic changes, an increasingly complex clinical picture and longer waiting lines. At the same time hospitals struggle with adopting process innovations aiming at improving efficiency and productivity at a satisfactory rate. This study is a specific contribution to an increased understanding of the diffusion of process innovations in public health care. The first question answered by this study is related to which specific determinants that affect the diffusion and adoption of process innovations in Norwegian, public hospitals. The second question considers how the efforts of process improvements observed in Norwegian hospitals relate to the innovation-decision model by E. Rogers (2003). To answer these questions a case study research was selected and 15 interviews with six unique case hospitals and three independent specialists were conducted. This provided the data needed to identify both the relevant determinants and new insight in the efforts for process improvement in Norwegian hospitals.This study has four main contributions to theory. First, the five most relevant determinants for the diffusion of process innovations were found to be reinforcement by management, meaning, professionalism, collective action, and experimentation. Second, the findings suggest that interconnectedness of determinants plays an important role for process innovations. Third, the identification of three phases in the process improvement in hospitals resulted in a proposed modification to the innovation-decision model. Fourth, the framework of determinants applied to the phases of process improvement yielded insight in the different determinants affecting each of the identified phases. Implications for managers are a need for increased understanding of how the local process is affected by various elements depending on the phase of a project and increased understanding of the importance of reinforcement by management in facilitating process innovation. Implications for policymakers are that the diffusion of process innovations involves high degrees of inspiration and adaptation, making it hard to facilitate the diffusion of a particular innovation and that the direct influence of policymakers seems to be low despite their given mandate to facilitate development.
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Ramírez, Alejandro 1970. "Diffusion of residential construction innovations in Colombia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50016.
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Quélin, Bertrand. "Changement technologique et diffusion des innovations : analyse du processus de diffusion de l'électronique et de l'informatique." Paris 13, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA131004.
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La these analyse sur le plan theorique, les mecanismes de diffusion du progres technique et de l'innovation dans les societes industrielles, avec une etude appliquee aux industries electroniques et informatiques. En effet, l'innovation et le progres technique sont facteurs de distorsions et de transformations economiques et industrielles. Aussi, articule aux notions de temps et de progressivite, le concept de diffusion revet une importance theorique considerable. Comme processus d'integration de la technique dans l'espace economique, la diffusion occupe une place essentielle. Et la notion de transmission est d'ailleurs implicite a tous les concepts d'invention, d'innovation et de progres technique. L'analyse se demarque des theses schumpeteriennes pour lesquelles la diffusion est reduite a l'imitation de l'innovateur par ses concurrents, et le changement technique subordonne a l'enclenchement de cycles longs. La these etudie les principaux mecanismes de transmission des innovations. Elle montre que la direction et le conteny des flux technologiques inter-sectoriels subissent la triple influence des externalites, des effets d'entrainement et des effets de domination existant entre les secteurs. Ces trois phenomenes apparaissent comme les principaux determinants de la diffusion de l'innovation dans le tissu economique. La configuration de la diffusion depend alors de la position des activites a l'origine du progres technique dans l'industrie, et de l'imbrication des principales structures que sont l'etat, les grands groupes et les pme. Quatre mecanismes fondamentaux de la diffusion sont degages : -les relations internes a ces structures hierarchisees; -les externalites; -les coalitions d'acteurs industriels; -le conflit marche hors marcheThis thesis can be read as a theoretical analysis of the patterns of technical change in modern economies with an illustrative case study on electronic and data processing industries. A general theoretical task is the explanation of the determinants and directions of technical change. Because innovation and technical progress create industrial transformation and economic development, innovation diffusion, based on time and progressiveness, is an important theoretical concept. We have to go beyond the assumptions of schumpeterian analysis : innovation diffusion can't be limited to imitation, no technical change based on long waves. The thesis studies the main mecanisms of the innovation transmission, and analyses the fact that some sectors are generators of technology. External effects, leading activities and domination effects shape the direction of technological flows between sectors. These economic phenomenous are the main determinants of innovation diffusion. The diffusion pattern is subject to linkages between state, industrial corporatcs and small enterprises. The four main mecanisms of innovation diffusion are : -linkages between economic structures; -external effects; -joint-ventures; -and conflict between implicit coordination of market and explicit coordination generated by firms
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Mitchell, Joshua L. "Foundations for Policy Innovations: Exploring Local Policy Diffusion." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/630.
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This dissertation examines various internal factors within a county and external factors outside the county that influence policy adoption. Particular attention is given to external factors, or the possible ways that counties respond to the policies of their neighbors. This study focuses on the multiple external processes involved that contribute to policy adoption. These include policy diffusion, lagged diffusion, and conditional diffusion. These processes are used to test hypotheses that will better explain how counties react to their neighbors' policy adoptions. Unlike most studies that examine only one process, multiple processes are tested to determine if they vary across different policies. This study explores Tax Incremental Financing districts, smoking bans, and the sales tax rates of counties in the state of Missouri. Missouri is politically, economically, and demographically similar to other states, therefore making it a sufficient case for this study. I find that different processes are involved in policy adoption, and that counties mainly react to one another through economic competition. I also find that certain county-level characteristics influence a county's likelihood of adopting policies. These findings will enable scholars to better determine the multiple processes involved in county policy adoption.
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Emmitt, Stephen. "The diffusion of innovations in the building industry." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.551097.
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Smythe, James Gordon. "Diffusion of innovations in the physician services industry." Thesis, University of York, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369273.
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Fichman, Robert G. "The assimilation and diffusion of software process innovations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11765.
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Li, Dan. "The diffusion study on Chinese outbound tourism —Based on “diffusion of innovations” theory." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105535.
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From 1983 in which year Chinese people started being allowed to travel to the first outbound destination to nowadays that more than 150 countries have signed the ADS (approved destination status) with Chinese government, Chinese outbound tourism had a great progress in 32 years. During these years, more and more Chinese tourists could be seen in different places in the world. In 2014, the number of Chinese outbound tourists firstly achieve to over 100 million. The numbers are predicted to continue by 2020. It is meaningful to put Chinese outbound tourism as an object and discover its future development. Therefore, the aim of this study is set as to analyse the future diffusion of Chinese outbound tourism. The available theoretical foundation is diffusion theory (Rogers, 2003). Its mature and practical theoretical system guides the research framework of this study. This theory is reliable for analysing and discussing the diffusion of Chinese outbound tourism from some aspects such as S-shaped curve, communication channels, adopter classification, etc. A questionnaire survey and some hypothetical indicators are designed in this study to fulfil the aim and research questions. Results are described from several aspects. The analysis of results prove that Chinese outbound tourism could be reckoned as an innovation. Finally, conclusions show that Chinese outbound tourism is currently going through the developing process between ‘innovators’ and ‘early adopters’. If the influencing factors which derived based on diffusion theory could be developed or solved positively, it is possible for Chinese outbound tourism to develop continually following the S-shaped curve in the future. The influencing factors has been studied out. They are the communication channels, the conscious gap between people who live in cities and people who live in towns and villages, the wealth gap between rich people and poor people. Not many related implementations are given out in this study, which needs future researches to explore.
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Ransbotham, III Samuel B. "Acquisition and diffusion of technology innovation." Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28094.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Management, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Sabyasachi Mitra; Committee Member: Frank Rothaermel; Committee Member: Sandra Slaughter; Committee Member: Sridhar Narasimhan; Committee Member: Vivek Ghosal.
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Xu, Huaidong. "Forecasting innovation diffusion : a modeling approach." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23413.
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M), Bankapur (V. "“Dspace @ SDMCET: A Real Treasure of Engineering Innovations”." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622574.
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Conferencia realizado del 12 al 14 de setiembre en Lima, Peru del 2012 en el marco del 15º Simposio Internacional de Tesis y Disertaciones Electrónicas (ETD 2012). Evento aupiciado por la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) y la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC).Objectives: Bringing 33 year of Students Projects one common platform: Institutional Repositories using Dspace software. Methods: Open Source Software -Dspace software is being used for this purpose by converting projects into e-formats. Presentation: 20 minutes: Results: it is a continues process the database of project will be an asset to the institution. SDMCET is an autonomous institution which has more than 33 years of history in engineering education in India. The enormous development in engineering education has kindled the growth of technical innovations of young minds. These young minds are “tech savvy” and bring in new ideas in the form of the projects. The knowledge centre has built Institutional Repository using open source software, Dspace. This is popularly known as “Dspace @ sdmcet.” Today there are more than 3000 students who are perusing their engineering education. The history of database has thirty years of data of projects. These student projects form a very important “innovativeness” of technical explorations which add value to institution which is part of the course. This project is supported by the institution and is a continuous process of archiving and preservation. The plans and implementation is being described in this paper.
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Millet-Fourrier, Christelle Kouloumdjian Marie-France. "Les jeux d'acteurs dans la diffusion des télé-activités." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2000/millet_c.
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Larsen, Graeme D. "A polymorphic framework for understanding the diffusion of innovations." Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424037.
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Омельяненко, Віталій Анатолійович, Виталий Анатольевич Омельяненко, and Vitalii Anatoliiovych Omelianenko. "Theoretical approaches for process of international diffusion of innovations." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31194.
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In the process of innovation theory the concept of innovation diffusion is one of priority areas. Diffusion of innovation theory seeks to explain: how, why and at what rate new ideas and technology spread through different cultures. Diffusion can be defined as a process which has different intensity by which innovation spreads in a social system in time and space.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31194
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Obelchak, Y., Світлана Віталіївна Подолкова, Светлана Витальевна Подолкова, and Svitlana Vitaliivna Podolkova. "Diffusion of innovations: getting people to do new things." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31085.
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Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system. When a new music style or hairstyle or type of automobile are becoming popular, that’s diffusion at work.
Diffusion consists of four main elements: 1) the innovation, an idea, practice or object that is perceived as new by an individual or other unit of adoption; 2) communication channels, the means by which messages are exchanged; 3) time, or process; 4) a social system, the structure and functioning of relations among a set of individuals or other units, such as organizations.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31085
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Holmes, Kevin J. "Management innovations : their adoption, diffusion and high-fidelity adaptation." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2016. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19822/.
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Innovation in the widest sense is, arguably, the only thing that drives organisations and economies forward - as such innovation ought to be a prime concern of decisionmakers, whether in the private or public spheres, but equally of those academics who study organisations. Recent research has also emphasised the importance of management innovation for firm performance, both as a complement to technological innovation (Damanpour et al. 2009) and as an independent phenomenon (Mol and Birkinshaw, 2009) and there is broad agreement that a better understanding of management innovation should be high on the research agenda (Volberda et al. 2013). This research is based on a single fine-grained longitudinal case study that focuses on the chronology as a narrative of a management innovation and uses archival data to explore not only how the case study organisation changes in order to adopt a management innovation, but also addresses research questions linked to the content, deployment approach and performance of that management innovation. It uses the case study to develop and validate a seven phase Intraorganisational Management Innovation Framework that is used to characterise the life-cycle of management innovations and also a Management Innovation Content Typology that is used to characterise their content. It finds that the role and impact of senior leadership and line manager support is consistent with Peeters et al. (2014) findings of fostering of legitimacy of the management innovation and also the actions of internal change agents to be instrumental in maintaining a high level of conformity. Fidelity to the original management innovation is also enhanced by recipients' participation in a global Performance Management System (De Waal, 2004) with its ingredients of a Strategy House, Policy Deployment Matrix and a weekly performance review or Comms Cell. The study also shows an emerging pattern of resistance from individuals to the adoption of the management innovation and it attributes this partly to 'over-zealous' behaviours by the internal change agents linking these to their role and psychological profiles. Rowland and Higgs (2009) describe this as 'shaping' leadership behaviours and a 'directive' approach to change. The study identifies the management innovation as 'hybridised' (Mamman, 2002) with its 'roots' in the existing disciplines of Project Management, Organisational Development and Lean Six Sigma or Continuous Improvement - this is consistent with the Gibson and Tesone (2001) argument that management innovations will morph into other names as time goes by.
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Nelson, Andrew Joel. "Institutional convergence and the diffusion of university-versus firm-origin technologies /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Conrad, Edward D. "Willingness to use IT innovations : a hybrid approach employing diffusion of innovations and technology acceptance models /." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1791777541&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2009."Department of Management." Keywords: Diffusion of innovations, Pre-adoptive behaviors, Willingness to use, Technology acceptance, Information technology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-124). Also available online.
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Conrad, Edward David. "WILLINGNESS TO USE IT INNOVATIONS: A HYBRID APPROACH EMPLOYING DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODELS." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/283.
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This study explored some of the critical success factors at the individual level for usage of PWS (Personal Web Server) systems. I tested core assumptions from Diffusion of Innovations theory for willingness to use new technology, and use some key concepts from the Technology Acceptance Model to reinforce DOI. I employed concepts of an empirically tested, valid, and reliable scale to measure willingness to use. The literature seems to indicate that information technologies are nearly always crucial to corporate strategy and performance. But there are still great chasms between the recognition of problems and the successful implementation of solutions. Therefore discovering what determines successful attitudes toward usage of such technologies at the individual level is critical to firm performance. There already exists an abundance of literature regarding information technology and various aspects of organizational performance. What was lacking was an analysis of how IT innovations are most productively adopted at the individual level, and how recognition of the critical success factors to usage of these technologies affects attitudes toward using them prior to adoption. In a global and increasingly fast-paced business environment, willingness to use IT innovations and the speed with which they are adopted can significantly affect competitive advantage. This was a theory building and explanatory study with the expressed intent to better understand the individual determinants of the success or failure of an IT innovation at the individual level. I studied PWS systems by employing independent variables of complexity, relative advantage, and trialability from Rogers, and using Davis's behavioral intent to predict willingness to use. The three attributes from Rogers were selected as the most face valid constructs, and Roger's rate of adoption outcome variable was excluded because it was deemed too time sensitive. Rogers's constructs of relative advantage and complexity have been demonstrated to be theoretically the same as Davis's perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. I believe that the use of these variables effectively explained willingness to use at the individual level in a new way, which in turn is instructive toward organizational attitudes toward innovation. My findings showed that Relative Advantage, Complexity, and Trialability were all predictors of Willingness to Use a new technology. These findings as well as the interesting interactions of some of the independent variables should prove useful to those who seek to understand these phenomena within the crucial context of pre-acquisition of information systems. The intent was to explain Willingness to Use at the individual level in a new way, which in turn is instructive toward organizational attitudes toward innovation. It is my hope that the results of this research will be instructive to researchers, empiricists, and practitioners who are interested in pre-adoptive intents and behaviors.
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Ounsley, James, Kevin Laland, and Graeme Ruxton. "Investigating the relationship between social learning efficiency and the diffusion of innovations." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-198499.
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Ransbotham, Samuel B. III. "Acquisition and diffusion of technology innovation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28094.
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In the first essay, I examine value created through external acquisition of nascent technology innovation. External acquisition of new technology is a growing trend in the innovation process, particularly in high technology industries, as firms complement internal efforts with aggressive acquisition programs. Yet, despite its importance, there is little empirical research on the timing of acquisition decisions in high technology environments. I examine the impact of target age on value created for the buyer. Applying an event study methodology to technology acquisitions in the telecommunications industry from 1995 to 2001, empirical evidence supports acquiring early in the face of uncertainty. The equity markets reward the acquisition of younger companies.
In sharp contrast to the first essay, the second essay examines the diffusion of negative innovations. While destruction can be creative, certainly not all destruction is creative. Some is just destruction. I examine two fundamentally different paths to information security compromise an opportunistic path and a deliberate path. Through a grounded approach using interviews, observations, and secondary data, I advance a model of the information security compromise process. Using one year of alert data from intrusion detection devices, empirical analysis provides evidence that these paths follow two distinct, but interrelated diffusion patterns. Although distinct, I find empirical evidence that these paths both converge and escalate. Beyond the specific findings in the Internet security context, the study leads to a richer understanding of the diffusion of negative technological innovation.
In the third essay, I build on the second essay by examining the effectiveness of reward-based mechanisms in restricting the diffusion of negative innovations. Concerns have been raised that reward-based private infomediaries introduce information leakage which decreases social welfare. Using two years of alert data, I find evidence of their effectiveness despite any leakage which may be occurring. While reward-based disclosures are just as likely to be exploited as non-reward-baed disclosures, exploits from reward-based disclosures are less likely to occur in the first week after disclosure. Further the overall volume of alerts is reduced. This research helps determine the effectiveness of reward mechanisms and provides guidance for security policy makers.
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Azoulay, Pierre. "Three essays on the development and diffusion of pharmaceutical innovations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16761.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2001.Includes bibliographical references.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
The thesis comprises three essays on various aspects of the development and diffusion of pharmaceutical innovations, woven together by the idea that the production of clinical knowl- edge influences organizational design, pricing, and advertising decisions in the pharmaceutical industry - that it is an essential ingredient of pharmaceutical firms' technology strategy. The first essay studies why pharmaceutical firms partly contract out the operational aspects of clinical trials to Contract Research Organizations. Using detailed project-level data, I find that (1) outsourcing intensity is sensitive to surprises in the demand for clinical trials services; (2) data-intensive projects are more likely to be outsourced than knowledge-intensive projects; (3) firms that consistently increased their share of outsourced activity over time had more productive internal teams than those that did not. This last result draws attention to the perils of considering a single transaction as the unit of analysis when explaining shifts in firm boundaries.
(cont.) The second essay investigates how different sources of information influence the diffusion of new pharmaceutical products. Using a novel index of clinical-research output, I find that both marketing and published clinical results directly influence the diffusion process in the anti-ulcer drug market, but scientific outputs do not seem to be important drivers of firms' marketing efforts. The direct effect of science on demand implies strong private incentives for clinical research. In the third essay, Ernst Berndt, Robert Pindyck and I examine the role of consumption externalities in the demand for pharmaceuticals. These effects emerge when use of a drug by others affects its value or conveys information about safety and efficacy to patients and physicians. This can affect the rate of market diffusion for a new entrant, and lead to herd behavior whereby a particular drug can dominate the market despite the availability of close substitutes. We use data for anti-ulcer drugs to estimate a dynamic demand model and quantify these effects. We find that consumption externalities influence both valuations and rates of diffusion, but that they operate at the brand- and not the therapeutic-class level.
by Pierre Azoulay.
Ph.D.
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Ounsley, James, Kevin Laland, and Graeme Ruxton. "Investigating the relationship between social learning efficiency and the diffusion of innovations: Investigating the relationship between social learning efficiency and thediffusion of innovations." Diffusion fundamentals 24 (2015) 37, S. 1, 2015. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14554.
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Tellier, Albéric. "La communication externe dans le processus de diffusion de l'innovation technologique." Caen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CAEN0568.
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La problématique de base dans laquelle s'insère ce travail est celle des causes de succès de l'innovations. Le type d'innovation technologique qui est envisagé ici possède deux caractéristiques majeures : les technologies sont substituables et s'inscrivent dans un processus de compétition technologique. A l'intérieur de ce vaste cadre de réflexion qui consiste à étudier les stratégies et les manoeuvres entrepreneuriales pouvant favoriser la diffusion de l'innovation, cette recherche tente d'analyser un facteur encore peu abordé, celui des stratégies de communication externe. En effet, si certains domaines propres au processus de diffusion ont fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches, le positionnement concurrentiel, les stratégies de brevet et de normalisation, trop peu d'auteurs ont pour l'instant étudié la communication comme facteur déterminant pour l'avenir de l'innovation, se contentant souvent d'aborder ce dernier sous le simple angle des "effets d'annonce". L'objectif de ce travail est donc double. Il s'agit tout d'abord de montrer l'impact des stratégies de communication externe sur le résultat de la compétition technologique dans laquelle se trouve l'entreprise innovatrice. Ce rôle joué par le "facteur communication" est validé essentiellement par les travaux de l'école de la sociologie de l'innovation. Ensuite, on tente de montrer que les particularités du processus de diffusion de l'innovation obligent l'entreprise à imaginer une stratégie de communication spécifique et qu'il est nécessaire par là de dépasser les approches traditionnelles en matière de communication. Après voir mis l'accent sur la nécessité de soutenir l'innovation par une communication externe adaptée, ce travail propose un nouveau modèle de communication fondé sur une redéfinition du concept d'innovation, sur une utilisation réfléchie des moyens de communication et sur une reconception des cibles de la communication en fonction du degré de maturité des technologies constitutives de l'innovation. Ce modèle théorique, baptisé spiroïdal, est testé dans la deuxième partie de la thèse par des études de cas menées dans des secteurs industriels caractérisés par des situations de compétition technologique particulièrement tendues du fait de la présence des rendement croissants d'adoption. Il apparaît clairement que les entreprises confrontées aux problèmes de substituabilité des innovations et à ceux de la compétition technologique imaginent des stratégies de communication atypiques qui vont dans le sens des propositions de la première partie. Les résultats de cette recherche empirique sont ensuite confrontés avec les différents aspects du modèle théorique. Dans un chapitre final, on propose une synthèse des conclusions majeures issues du travail autour de la nécessité de reconcevoir la communication externe de l'innovationAs a problematics we have the causes of success of innovations for technologies which fit in a process of technological competition. Within this framework of reflexion, we try an analyse a factor which has little has been tackled : the external communication strategies. We first try to show the impact of external communication strategies on technological competition. Then we attempt to show that the firm must devise a specific communication strategy because of the particularities of the diffusion innovation and that it is necessary to go beyond the traditional approches of communication. We propose a new model of communication which is based on a redifining of the concept of innovation, on a thoughtful use of means of communication and on a reconceiving of communication targets. This model highlights three key-phases of communication according to the maturity level of technologies constituing innovation in the second part of the work, this theorical model - called whirling model - is tested through case studies carried out in industrial sectors where technological competition is tense because of increasing returns. It appears that firms facing problems of substitutability of innovations as well as problems of technological competition devise atypical communication strategies which confirm the proposals we have made in the first part
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Savery, Carol A. "INNOVATORS OR LAGGARDS: SURVEYING DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS BY PUBLIC RELATIONS PRACTITIONERS." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=akron1123879994.
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Steel, A. C. "The diffusion of working time innovations in manufacturing and construction industry." Thesis, Brunel University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333199.
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Grindley, Peter Conrad. "A strategic analysis of the diffusion of innovations : theory and evidence." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308388.
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Toole, Jameson Lawrence. "The diffusion of innovations in the presence of geography and media." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78504.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-105).
Increasingly, the world we live in is digital, mobile, and online. As a consequence, many of your seemingly mundane actions are recorded, archived, and for the first time widely accessible to both the generators and curators of this information. From this fire hose of digital breadcrumbs, we can learn an enormous amount about ourselves as individuals and societies. Simple questions such as where we go, who we are meeting, and how we interact when we get there can be explored with incredibly high resolution and richness. Through new emiprical and analytic tools, we can leverage information generated from rapidly expanding online social networks, revealing the beautiful and often surprising complexity of everyday human behavior. We are able to harness data from millions of cell phone users to better understand how people move through cities, use roads, and interact with their neighbors. This thesis deals with quantifying, analyzing, and ultimately modeling sociotechnical systems. More specifically, it focuses on modeling the diffusion of innovations in time and space. While there has been much work examining the affects of social network structure on innovation adoption, models to date have lacked important features such as meta-populations reflecting real geography or influence from mass media forces. This thesis shows that these are features crucial to producing more accurate predictions of a social contagion and technology adoption at the city level. Using data from the adoption of the popular micro-blogging platform, Twitter, a model of adoption on a network is presented. The model places friendships in real geographic space and exposes individuals to mass media influence. Results show that homophily both amongst individuals with similar propensities to adopt a technology and geographic location is critical to reproduce features of real spatiotemporal adoption. Furthermore, estimates suggest that mass media was responsible for increasing Twitter's user base two to four fold. To reflect this strength, traditional contagion models are extended to include an endogenous mass media agent that responds to those adopting an innovation as well as influencing agents to adopt themselves. The final chapter of this thesis addresses the future. The ubiquity of digital devices like mobile phones and tablets is opening rich new avenues of research. The massive amounts of data generated and stored by these devices can be used to gain a better understanding of the complex socio-technical systems they sense. The same tools, techniques, and analogies utilized in the first three chapters of this thesis can now literally be taken to the streets. With mobile phones that record when and where activities take place, a new window has been opened on urban systems. Future work will explore how people use cities dynamically to improve transportations systems and inform urban planners. New measurements will help understand what cities do well, when they fail, and why. At the core of this new domain, is an interdisciplinary approach to complex socio-technical systems that combines many fields and methods. This view forms a more holistic view of problems and potential solutions. The thesis presented stands as an example of data, theory, and simulation for diverse areas can be combined to gain novel insights into human behavior.
by Jameson Lawrence Toole.
S.M.
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Pelletier-Fleury, Nathalie. "Analyse économique et évaluation de la diffusion des innovations en télémédecine." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA11T063.
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@La situation en matière de télémédecine est paradoxale. On parle en effet de l’usage des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) en pratique médicale depuis les années 70 sans qu'aucune application ne se concrétise en routine, dans un milieu médical pourtant traditionnellement innovant, et malgré l'idée communément admise que la téléconsultation, la téléexpertise, la télésurveillance seraient à même de répondre aux grandes questions inhérentes à la gestion des systèmes de santé, à savoir produire mieux ou aussi bien à moindre coût (Chap I). Une analyse économique des transformations organisationnelles majeures qu’induirait l’usage de ces nouveaux outils en pratique médicale courante, dans le contexte technique (absence de standards) et institutionnel actuel (problèmes de responsabilité médicale, de tarification), nous permet d 'expliquer, en nous appuyant sur l 'économie des coûts de transaction, la dimension organisationnelle de ce paradoxe. En effet, la télémédecine nécessiterait pour s'implanter de définir de nouveaux modes d'organisation des soins allant vers plus d’intégration et, en particulier vers l'élaboration. De formes contractuelles originales comme, par exemple, les réseaux de soins. De ce point de vue, c'est bien la restructuration de l’offre de soins qui devrait présider à l’implantation de la télémédecine, et non pas l’adoption de ces nouveaux outils qui seraient à l'origine de nouveaux modes de régulation (Chap II). Cependant, avant qu’elles ne diffusent, si tant est que les producteurs de soins puissent entendre sur de nouvelles modalités de coopération, l 'efficience des nouvelles pratiques que sous-tend la mise en œuvre d ' innovations en télémédecine reste à démontrer. C'est à partir de l’exemple de l'évaluation de la télésurveillance diagnostique du syndrome d'apnées du sommeil que nous soulevons dans cette thèse les problèmes méthodologiques posés par l’évaluation technique et économique des TIC, dans un contexte encore expérimental. Nous tentons d’apporter des éléments de solution à ces problèmes (Chap III)@Economie analysis and evaluation of the diffusion of innovations in telemedicine : The situation of telemedicine is paradoxical. The application of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in medical practice has been discussed since the 1 970s, though their actual use has never become routine. This is despite the fact that medicine is traditionally an innovative field, and that it is commonly stated that tele-consultation, tele expertise and tele-surveillance could even respond to the major problems relating to the management of health care systems, allowing for provision of health care which i s at least as good as present care, but at a lower cost (Chapter I). The use of new instruments is likely to bri ng about major organisational transformations in medical practice. Analysing these, on the basis of the economies of transaction costs, while taking into account the technical context (the absence of standards), as well as present institutional arrangements (relating to problems of medical responsibility), helps explain the organisational dimension of this paradox. Indeed, for tele-medicine to be adopted new modes of health-care organisation have to be defined that are grounded on greater integration, and especially on the formulation of original contractual procedures, such as the creation of health-care networks. (Chapter II). However, unless health care producers can agree on new forms of cooperation, then the efficiency of new practices, which the implementation of tele-medicine is supposed to bring about, remains to be shown. Using the example of tele-surveillance in the diagnosis of apnea sleep syndrome, this thesis sets out to examine the methodological problems arising from the technical and economie evaluation of ITCs, which are still within an experimental context. Subsequently the thesis attempts to provide some insights into the solutions to these problems (Chapter III)
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Teulon, Hélène. "Fonctions, concurrence et progres technique, la diffusion des innovations en materiaux." Paris, ENMP, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ENMP0364.
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A travers l'etude d'innovations en materiaux dans l'industrie automobile, cette these caracterise la diffusion des innovations techniques comme une succession coherente d'innovations, organisees en arborescence de diffusion. Dans le cas des materiaux, l'analyse fonctionnelle des contraintes concurrentielles qui remontent vers l'amont des filieres industrielles permet d'expliquer l'orientation de cette arborescence. Une analyse historique confirme cette these et montre que les innovations recentes correspondent a des gains fonctionnels coherents avec le mode de croissance actuel des constructeurs automobiles, caracterise par la stabilite en volume de la demande, la differenciation fonctionnelle et l'augmentation des performances et du prix des produits. En amont des filieres, les fournisseurs de materiaux tendent d'adapter leurs procedes industriels tres rigides a la demande de variete et de flexibilite de leurs clients. Une methode de prospective technologique est proposee et appliquee a l'etude de la diffusion des plastiques dans les carrosseries. La derniere partie pose la question du moteur du changement technique, et, par des emprunts a la theorie systemique, precise certains mecanismes elementaires par lesquels la dynamique economique, caracterisee par les modes de croissance, et celle du systeme technique representee par les arborescences de diffusion, interagissent pour destabiliser simultanement les systemes technique et productif ou en construire de nouveaux
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Blinke, Jacob. "Diffusion of Sustainable Innovations : A Case Study of Optical Gas Imaging." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279593.
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During the last two decades, innovations that contribute to sustainable development has received increasing attention in the markets and academia. The diffusion of sustainable innovations is a key element in society’s transformation toward a greener and more sustainable economy. Within industries that utilize industrial gases in their operations, there are thousands of fugitive emission sources that puts strain on the safety of the plant and the personnel. As most gases are combustible and hazardous to humans and the environment, these companies must have effective leak detection and repair (LDAR) programs. In recent years, a new gas detection technology called Optical Gas Imaging have emerged which can identify gas compounds safer and more efficient compared to older leak detection technologies. However, the rate of diffusion of the innovation has been slow and limited to oil and gas industries, even though many other industries such as steel, paper and pulp and chemical industries utilize gases as well. As such, this research has aimed to identify factors that influence the adoption of sustainable innovations within gas-utilizing industries. The qualitative data was gathered through semi structured interviews with gas-utilizing companies in Sweden and analyzed with interpretive methods. The results show that regulatory factors are a strong driver for the diffusion of sustainable innovations while characteristics of price, availability and type of innovationdecision works as barriers. The generated knowledge may contribute on how innovators of a sustainable innovations can overcome these barriers and improve the rate of adoption of sustainable innovations.Under de senaste två decennierna har innovationer som bidrar till hållbar utveckling fått ökad uppmärksamhet på marknaden och inom forskningen. Diffusionen av hållbara innovationer är ett viktig del av samhällets omvandling mot ett mer hållbart samhälle. Inom branscher som använder industriella gaser i sin verksamhet finns det tusentals flyktiga utsläppskällor som belastar anläggningen och personalens säkerhet. Eftersom de flesta gaser är brännbara och farliga för människor och miljö, är det viktigt att dessa företag har effektiva läckedetekterings- och reparationsprogram (LDAR). Under de senaste åren har en ny gasdetekteringsteknologi, Optical Gas Imaging, kommit fram som kan identifiera gasföreningar säkrare och effektivare jämfört med äldre tekniker för läckedetektering. Däremot, har diffusionsgraden för innovationen varit långsam och begränsad till olje- och gasindustrin, även om många andra industrier så som stål, papper och massa, och kemiska industrier också använder gaser som energi. Därför har syftet med denna stuie varit att identifiera faktorer som påverkar diffusionen av hållbara innovationer inom industrier som använder gaser. Den kvalitativa datan samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med företag i Sverige som använder gaser, där datan analyserades med tolkningsmetoder. Resultatet visar att lagar och regler är en stark drivkraft för diffusionen av hållbara innovationer medan innovationsegenskaper såsom ”pris” och nyckelfaktorerna ”tillgänglighet” och ”innovationsbeslut” agerar som hinder. Den genererade kunskapen från denna studie kan bidra till hur en hållbar innovationskapare kan åtgärda dessa hinder och förbättra dess diffusion i marknaden.
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Lewis, Gayle Arnn. "Leadership Products As Innovations In The Context Of Rogers' Diffusion Theory." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29839.
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In this study, two implementable leadership products were analogous to innovations, when framed in the context of Rogers’ diffusion-of-innovation theory. Thus, the products’ respective dissemination patterns were compared and contrasted-- quantitatively through purchase numbers, and qualitatively through opinions and events recollected by early users. The case-study approach was central to the investigation, and the results supported the Rogers model with regard to most constructs. The results pertaining to the S-shaped (sigmoidal) prototypical distribution curve, however, were enigmatic. The inverse conformity of sales figures with the S-shaped distribution curve implied that the dissemination process began during the field-testing stage rather than the purchasing stage. The organizational structure of the user institutions (targeted social system construct) conformed to Rogers’ theory that autonomy and teamwork characterized management climates where innovation tended to flourish. Field-testers and other early users were opinion leaders as construed by Rogers. The fact that twice as many field tests were conducted for the Case Studies as for the Simulation was likely a factor in the disparate 6:1 ratio of units of Cases sold to units of the Simulation sold for three consecutive years.
Other factors possibly accounting for the disparate sales came from the attributes-of-innovation template which framed five generic attributes--compatibility, relative advantage, complexity, trialability, and observability. Both products conformed to the attributes as conceptualized by Rogers. The main difference that influenced the disparate sales was the greater complexity of the Simulation than of the Cases, although cost may have been a compatibility/relative advantage contributory factor. Finally, the study’s results indicated that dissemination parameters may have been narrowed by (a) the absence of mass media communication channels as part of the dissemination strategy at the awareness stage, and (b) lack of market research to focus the naming and packaging of the products for optimum compatibility and relative advantage. Researchers and change agencies can use these findings to improve future dissemination strategies and product designs.Ph. D.
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Mosley, Barbra F. "Development of a Technology Mentoring Program Using Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26135.
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This developmental research used primary components of Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations theory to develop a technology mentoring program for K-12 instructional environments. This investigation utilized K-12 teachers, administrators, technology coordinators, and higher education faculty to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed technology mentoring program. Findings showed that this program would be very effective in K-12 instructional environments. The final product resulted in a step-by-step procedural guide consisting of suggestions and activities that can be used to implement a technology mentoring program.Ph. D.
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Schümann, Luisa, and Andrea Dzúriková. "Diffusion of Social Innovations : A case study on Suspended Coffees Germany." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-326401.
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Despite the relevance of social innovations in the sustainable development, little is known about the drivers that help to spread them. Innovative ideas are developed to meet the needs of local communities and therefore often remain at a regional level; nevertheless, diffusion and scaling are necessary in order to lead to a societal change. This thesis analyses the case of Suspended Coffees, a successful diffusion of a social innovation in Germany. The research focuses on businesses adopting the social innovation to examine the drivers of diffusion. 24 interviews with business owners and two in-depth expert interviews with the German coordination body were conducted. The results illustrate (1) the existence of social needs, (2) the strong personal motivations of adopters, and (3) the compatibility of the innovation with adopting businesses and the social ecosystem, as main drivers of the diffusion. The study thereby expands the limited research in the field of the diffusion of social innovations.
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Green, Champe Brockenbrough. "Adoption-diffusion of wildlife management innovations by nonindustrial private forestland owners." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05042010-020203/.
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Gaftoneanu, Diana. "Diffusion of Social Innovations - Exploring the potential of online platforms that enable the diffusion of proven solutions." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22301.
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Within the paradigm of an emergent social economy where diffusion efforts don’t keep pace with a culture in which active citizens take stand to address their needs though social innovations, online platforms with the purpose of enabling the diffusion of social innovations have arisen, withholding great untapped potential. This paper aims to explore the diffusion potential of these platforms, by first identifying the defining features behind them and the role of these features in terms of enabling or limiting the diffusion, followed by looking into how the identified features inform the diffusion potential of platforms.Before proceeding, key concepts that enable the comprehension of choices in terms of methodology, methods and theory are introduced and explained, specifically arguing for the paper’s intention to open and encourage a discussion on the convergence points of communication for development and social innovation fields of study.To achieve this purpose, two cases are chosen, Appteca and VIC, which are then contrasted with a theoretical model built on the basis of Everett Rogers’ diffusion of innovations theory with a social innovation angle. This analysis reveals two sets of features compiled in tables according to their role of either enabling or limiting diffusion. Following a cross-case synthesis, four areas of interest emerge around glocality, reciprocity, adaptability and citizen empowerment, inspired by Waisbord’s key ideas in thinking and practicing communication for development. These are then argued for in terms of their potential of diffusion with new theory brought in from communication for development, social innovation and interaction design.
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Millet-Fourrier, Christelle. "Les jeux d'acteurs dans la diffusion des télé-activités." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/millet_c.
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Les territoires ruraux se sont engagés dans une course à la société de l'information. Des projets surgissent, appuyés par les télé-activités, et visent à promouvoir leur diffusion dans la population. Cependant, malgré l'énergie déployée, on déplore un décalage entre les vux des institutions et offreurs de technologie au regard de leurs prévisions de développement et la réalité des pratiques en termes d'usages. Alors que l'offre technologique se constitue, que le discours se veut mobilisateur, personne ne fait cas de la demande de ces milieux. Ce travail part de l'hypothèse suivant laquelle l'émergence d'une demande sociale des télé-activités et son expression sous une forme collective aboutie sont la condition de la diffusion de l'innovation. Cette dernière relève d'un processus de médiation portée par des acteurs capables de faire le lien entre l'innovation et ses futurs utilisateurs. Partant de la sociologie de la diffusion et de la sociologie de la traduction, l'approche choisie est méso-sociologique et s'appuie sur l'observation des jeux d'acteurs. C'est en les mettant en lumière qu'on voit se dessiner ce processus de médiation sociale. Il apparaît comme étant la face cachée d'un réseau humain qui se tisse sur un territoireRural areas have embarked on the information society race. ICT projetcs arise and aim at promoting ICT diffusion inside the society. However, despite time and money spent, there is a gap between institutions and suppliers wishes regarding their forecast and the actual uses. While supply is increasingly structured and speeches mobilize people's enthusiasm, nobody cares about demand. Our hypothesis is that ICT diffusion requires the arising of a collective demand from these areas. A process of social mediation managed by strong actors may bound the innovation and its users. After a discussion about usual theoretical approaches (diffusionnism, traduction), we focuse on games and roles played by local actors. Then, confidence, partnership and mediation draw up this process : it may be the hidden face of a social network
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Martin, Paul J. (Paul John) 1972. "Looking beyond decentralization : local institutional innovations for rural water supply in Kerala, India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68373.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-100).
With deterioration and neglect of large, centrally planned rural water schemes, alternative institutional arrangements for rural water management have focused on devolution of authority for decision making, design and operations to local governments. The aims of this reform are, in part, to increase the responsiveness of rural water providers to customers' demand preferences, as well as to increase transparency of operations, in order to reduce corruption. An in-depth analysis of three devolved rural water schemes under the People's Plan policy framework in Kerala, India provides evidence to suggest that achieving greater responsiveness and transparency is a result of more complex institutional arrangements that are neither purely devolved nor purely central. Localizing decision making holds promise for incorporating beneficiaries in decision making processes, thus providing better demand information to the provider and creating incentives for the provider to respond to this information. Monitoring of local service providers must be a concerted effort of many different sources, including users as well as external bodies, in order to provide a credible deterrent to misconduct.
by Paul J. Martin.
M.C.P.
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Grobbelaar, Sara Susanna. "R&D in the national system of innovation a system dynamics model /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07212007-130132.
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Paasche, Cédric. "La diffusion de l'innovation et les transferts internationaux de technologie dans le secteur pharmaceutique." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D023.
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Si elle parvient a relever le defi de la "deuxieme revolution pharmacologique" et a pallier de declin tendanciel de sa r-d, l'industrie pharmaceutique a technologie avancee sera a court terme un operateur central de la "fonction sante" nationale et internationale. Mais elle doit composer avec plusieurs contraintes majeures : l'interventionnisme public omnipresent, la crise du financement des systemes de sante, et les tensions nord-sud autour de l'enjeu technologique. Sans oublier la relative mefiance du corps social, et le poids des problemes moraux et hiques lies a la diffusion du "progres" pharmaceutique ; de nombreux modes de regulation normative objectivent alors un "conflit-cooperation" (p. -f. Gonod) specifique entre etats nations, entites juridico-politiques, et stn pharmaceutiques, structures techno-economiques. Et si le cadre juridique international reste domine par le cloisonnement et les particularismes nationaux, des perspectives plus dynamiques se font jour : au niveau de la rationalisation des structures d'echanges technologiques elles-memes, de l'harmonisation progressive des droits positifs et d'un renforcement global de la protection des droits de propriete industrielle pharmaceutique. Ce qui pourrait abourir a une profonde redefinition du role des pouvoirs publics et des organisations internationales vis-a-vis de la diffusion de l'innovation et de la technologie realisee par les stn de ce secteurIf able to meet the challenge of the "2nd pharmacological revolution" and to counter the relative regression of tis r-d, the advanced technology side of the pharmaceutical industry should become, in the short term, a prime mover in the national and international "health sector". Yet to achieve this, several major stumbling-blocks must first be overcome : omnipresent public interventionism, the health financing crisis, and the north-south tug-of-war over the technological stakes. Other potential obstacles include the relative mistrust of public bodies and the burden of moral and ethical problems linked to the spread of pharmaceutical "progress". New normative control methods thus objectify a specific "co-operation conflict" (p-f. Gonod) between nation-states, juridical-political entities, and pharmaceutical tnc, techno-economic structures. And although the international juridical framework remains largely compartmentalized and encumbered with national particularisms, more dynamic trends are nevertheless emergins : with regard to the rationalization of technological exchange structures in themselves, to a gradual harmonization of positive rights, and to a global reinforcement in the protection of pharmaceutical industrial property rights. These may lead to an in-depth redefinition of the role of the authorities and of international organizations with respect to the spread of innovation and technology carried out by the stns in this sector
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Nilsson, Signe. "Housing innovations in rural Ethiopia : A case study of how to make innovations accepted and sustainable." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-31212.
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A good product does not guarantee its successful adoption. This can be seen in a project in rural Ethiopia, in which a new type of house provides great advantages over current housing alternatives. This thesis, which focuses on the Sustainable Rural Dwelling Unit project in Ethiopia, aims to contribute knowledge about how to implement rural-housing innovations successfully. Interviews with the project’s stakeholders show that although a construction concept is a genuine breakthrough, its diffusion process may stumble. Successful diffusion of a housing innovation appears to depend on wider factors. Two success factors identified here are: (1) to analyse the innovation’s attributes, and (2) to analyse the interests of stakeholders. Furthermore, these successful practices are possible with analysis tools that are exemplified in the thesis. The needs for clear communication among stakeholders, and for identifying contradictory implementation strategies, were identified to be important elements for successful innovation diffusion. Another conclusion of this thesis is that the studied project both has great potential for future rural housing in Ethiopia and is relevant for other developing countries where there is a need for durable, higher-standard, low-cost housing.
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Akers, Eugene Jeff Grafton Carl. "A study of the adoption of digital government technology as public policy innovation in the American States." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Summer/Dissertations/AKERS_EUGENE_17.pdf.
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Jetin, Bruno. "La diffusion des innovations techniques et organisationnelles dans un pays à l'inflation élevée : l'exemple du Brésil." Paris 13, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA131014.
Full textAbstract:
Le bresil a connu au cours de la decennie 1980 une crise economique profonde qui se caracterise par une baisse de l'investissement productif, une hyperinflation rampante et une financiarisation de l7economie. Cette crise a genere une profonde incertitude et un retrecissement de l'horizon temporel des entreprises. Cette derniere evolution entre en contradiction avec les exigences du modele de la production de masse flexible, qui emerge dans les pays developpes, comme on peut le constater dans l'industrie automobile. En effet, ce nouveau paradigme socio-productif necessite de la part des entreprises des engagements de long terme. Du fait de cette contradiction, on assiste au bresil a une modernisation tronquee, c'est-a-dire a une integration des techniques, plutot qu'a une integration des principes du nouveau paradigmeBrazil has lived a decade of profund economic crisis during the 80's, which is caracterize by a fall of productive investments, a contained hyperinflation process and the automatisation of the financial spere. This crisi has generated a radical incertainty in the economy and a shortening of the temporal horizon of prevision of the enterprises. This last evolution contradicts the exigences of the productive paradigm of "flexible mass production", which is emerging in the developped economies, as the example of the automobile industry proves it. This new paradigm needs long term engagements of capital by the firms. This contradiction has lead to a truncated modernisation of the firms in brazil, which is caracterized by the integration of the technics rather than the principles of the new paradigm