Books: 'Diffusion en direct'

1

Wood, Lesley J. Direct action, deliberation, and diffusion: Collective action after the WTO protests in Seattle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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2

Branstetter, Lee. Is foreign direct investment a channel of knowledge spillovers?: Evidence from Japan's FDI in the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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Rasiah, Rajah. Foreign direct investment and technology diffusion: Impact on economic growth and development in South Africa. Sandton, South Africa: Chambers of Commerce and Industry South Africia, 2005.

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4

Ray, Barrell, and Pain Nigel, eds. Innovation, investment and the diffusion of technology in Europe: German direct investment and economic growth in postwar Europe. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

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5

Wood, Lesley J. Direct Action, Deliberation, and Diffusion: Collective Action after the WTO Protests in Seattle. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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6

Wood, Lesley J. Direct Action, Deliberation, and Diffusion: Collective Action after the WTO Protests in Seattle. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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7

Wood, Lesley J. Direct Action, Deliberation, and Diffusion: Collective Action after the WTO Protests in Seattle. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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8

Wood, Lesley J. Direct Action, Deliberation, and Diffusion: Collective Action after the WTO Protests in Seattle. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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9

Wood, Lesley J. Direct Action, Deliberation, and Diffusion: Collective Action after the Wto Protests in Seattle. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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10

Wood, Lesley J. Direct Action, Deliberation, and Diffusion: Collective Action After The Wto Protests In Seattle (Cambridge Studies in Contentious Politics). Cambridge University Press, 2014.

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11

Innovation, Investment and the Diffusion of Technology in Europe: German Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Postwar Europe (National Institute of ... Social Research Economic and Social Studies). Cambridge University Press, 1999.

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12

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation. Volume 2: Direct Solution of the Implicit Formulation of Fourth Order Horizontal Diffusion for Gridpoint Models on the Sphere. Independently Published, 2018.

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13

Artwick, Claudette G. Social Media Livestreaming: Design for Disruption? Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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14

Artwick, Claudette G. Social Media Livestreaming: Design for Disruption? Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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15

Artwick, Claudette G. Social Media Livestreaming: Design for Disruption? Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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16

Scott, Peter. The Hard Sell. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783817.003.0009.

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The vacuum cleaner was an archetypal new economy product of the early twentieth century. It offered both major time savings and qualitative advantages over previous household cleaning methods—the brush, broom, and manual carpet sweeper—and was sold in a novel way (by household demonstration). The direct sales techniques pioneered by vacuum manufacturers in the United States were to have a profound impact on the way vacuums were sold in Britain, and globally. Yet by 1939 their household diffusion was relatively slow compared to refrigerators or washing machines. This chapter explores why the industry evolved a structure based on high prices, high cost distribution methods (door-to-door sales), and a strong emphasis on non-price competition, based on differentiation through features. It also shows how door-to-door selling eventually came to constitute both a key firm-level competitive advantage and a substantial industry-level constraint on product diffusion.

17

Jacobson, David M., and Giles Humpston. Principles of Brazing. ASM International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.pb.9781627083515.

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Principles of Brazing serves as a problem-solving guide for anyone who works with brazing processes or designs component joints. It covers key brazing parameters such as surface energy and tension, wetting and contact angle, and filler spreading characteristics; design considerations including mechanical integrity and electrical and thermal conductivity; and practical concerns such as workholding, cleaning procedures, and process control. It discusses the metallurgy of brazing alloy systems; the effect of impurities, joining atmospheres, and chemical fluxes; and the role of materials in defining process constraints. It also provides information on diffusion brazing, direct brazing processes for nonmetals, and brazes for jewelry. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-0-87170-812-0, follow this link.

18

Scott, Peter. ‘Pushing’ Vacuum Cleaners in Inter-War Britain. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783817.003.0010.

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Marketing vacuum cleaners in the UK largely followed US methods. Vacuum cleaner firms introduced a new form of direct selling to Britain, which was of enduring importance. Its popularity among suppliers was based on its effectiveness—reflected in high British diffusion rates for vacuums, relative to other high-ticket labour-saving appliances. However, unlike the United States—where vacuum cleaner salesmen were widely accepted as part of the retail culture—Britain saw much greater public opposition to unwanted high-pressure selling. A less commonly discussed adverse feature of the system was its treatment of the salesmen, many of whom struggled to earn even a basic labourer’s income. Many salesmen reacted by engaging in sharp practice, both through desperation and, often, in a conscious attempt to turn the tables on their employers.

19

Bahrami, Bahador. Making the most of individual differences in joint decisions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789710.003.0004.

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Evidence for and against the idea that “two heads are better than one” is abundant. This chapter considers the contextual conditions and social norms that predict madness or wisdom of crowds to identify the adaptive value of collective decision-making beyond increased accuracy. Similarity of competence among members of a collective impacts collective accuracy, but interacting individuals often seem to operate under the assumption that they are equally competent even when direct evidence suggest the opposite and dyadic performance suffers. Cross-cultural data from Iran, China, and Denmark support this assumption of similarity (i.e., equality bias) as a sensible heuristic that works most of the time and simplifies social interaction. Crowds often trade off accuracy for other collective benefits such as diffusion of responsibility and reduction of regret. Consequently, two heads are sometimes better than one, but no-one holds the collective accountable, not even for the most disastrous of outcomes.

20

Misati, Roseline, and Kethi Ngoka. Constraints on the performance and competitiveness of Tanzania’s manufacturing exports. 35th ed. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/973-0.

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This study sought to examine the main constraints to manufacturing export competitiveness in Tanzania. Using panel data for the period 1997–2018, the study established that supply-side factors dominate demand-side factors in explaining manufacturing export competitiveness. Specifically, the results revealed that foreign direct investment and tariffs have a negative and significant effect on export competitiveness in Tanzania, while infrastructure, total investment, labour productivity, and high institutional quality enhance manufactured exports. The study also showed scope for quality upgrading through technology diffusion as well as deeper integration of Tanzania’s nascent global value chains by building on existing competencies and negotiating deep trade agreements to increase market reach. Accordingly, measures to increase investment in infrastructure, strengthen institutional frameworks, and further develop human capital can boost export competitiveness in Tanzania. In addition, export competitiveness can be enhanced through reduction of tariffs and incentives to use cheaper value-adding intermediate inputs.

21

Beall, Melissa L., Shing-Ling S. Chen, Nicole Allaire, Zhuojun Joyce Chen, and Genelle I. Belmas. Legal and Ethical Issues of Live Streaming. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated, 2022.

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22

Beall, Melissa L., Shing-Ling S. Chen, Nicole Allaire, Zhuojun Joyce Chen, and Genelle I. Belmas. Legal and Ethical Issues of Live Streaming. Lexington Books/Fortress Academic, 2020.

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23

Resnick, Danielle. Foreign Aid and Democratization in Developing Countries. Edited by Carol Lancaster and Nicolas van de Walle. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199845156.013.17.

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This article examines how donors influence democracy through foreign aid. Focusing on development aid and democracy assistance, it considers three mechanisms through which aid is disbursed: the diffusion of norms and knowledge, the provision of incentives, and the use of coercion. The article first looks at different types of foreign aid before providing a conceptualization of the democratization process. It then discusses the mechanisms linking different types of aid with elements of democratization and how well these mechanisms have worked in practice. It argues that coercion has been most conducive at influencing democratic transitions and addressing breakdown. Norms and knowledge diffusion as well as incentives are more directly influential, in both positive and negative ways, on issues of accountability and competitive party systems.

24

Balleck, Barry J., ed. Hate Groups and Extremist Organizations in America. ABC-CLIO, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400661983.

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This expansive collection of A-Z entries offers a compelling look into hate groups in America. Focusing on organizations in operation today, this resource book for student and general audiences covers numerous hot-button issues in politics and culture. The Southern Poverty Law Center lists nearly 900 hate groups active in the United States today. Some of these, such as the KKK, have deep roots in American history. Others are newer, formed in response to policies and shifts in our cultural landscape. Often these organizations imply defense of America and political ideals in their names, such as "Council of Conservative Citizens" and "American Family Association." Some, such as "White Aryan Resistance" and "Supreme White Alliance," are more direct in their associations. Nearly all posit an erosion of rights and values; a way of life that is becoming lost to immigrants; a diffusion or integration of population; and government overstep. Many of these groups preach a necessity for violence, through either outright or thinly veiled language. Membership in these organizations poses another topic for investigation, as their ranks are not just anti-government or pro-gun rights types who seek to defend the Constitution. Many are simply citizens who see their ideal for America as under threat by various groups—whether ethnic, racial, or religious. This unique reference will allow readers to explore the underlying issues central to understanding them. How do these hate groups get started, and why do people join?

25

Khan, B. Zorina. Inventing Ideas. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190936075.001.0001.

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Abstract: How do knowledge and ideas influence the competitiveness of firms and nations? Current debates about grand innovation prizes, patent trolls, technological disruption, human capital, and the role of an entrepreneurial state reflect and replicate earlier controversies that took place on both sides of the Atlantic. This book shows how and why the ideas of creative individuals promote progress. The insights are based on original archival research regarding over 100,000 inventors, patented inventions, and innovation prizes in Europe and the United States during industrialization. This systematic empirical analysis across time and place and institutions provides a comprehensive microfoundation for understanding technological change and long-run macroeconomic growth. British and French policies favored “administered innovation systems,” in which elites, administrators, or panels made key economic decisions about inducement prizes, rewards, and the allocation of resources. European institutions generated returns that were misaligned with economic value and productivity and perpetuated socioeconomic inequality. Europe fell behind when the negative consequences of such top-down administered systems accumulated and reduced comparative advantage. The modern knowledge economy emerged when, for the first time in world history, an intellectual property clause was included in a national Constitution, in the United States. This strong endorsement for open-access property rights and unfettered markets in ideas reflected a revolution in thinking about the sources of creativity and technical progress. U.S. global industrial ascendancy was a direct outcome of its decentralized market-oriented institutions, which fostered diversity in ideas and innovations, the diffusion of information and disruptive technologies, and sustained endogenous growth.

26

Southwell, Brian G. Two-Step Flow, Diffusion, and the Role of Social Networks in Political Communication. Edited by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.024.

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An increasing array of political communication scholars and political scientists now include interpersonal communication as part of their models. The central theoretical foundation for much of that work owes much to two long-running works of literature directly intersecting in, and stemming from, Katz and Lazarsfeld’s 1955 Personal Influence: research on the two-step flow and investigation of information diffusion. Consequently, a broad overview of political communication theories calls for a discussion of the theoretical underpinnings of the two-step flow (and its linkage to diffusion), major findings to date, and future directions for research. This essay provides such a discussion. While evidence has suggested a somewhat more complicated picture of the sequence of information and influence flow than described in the earliest formulations of the two-step flow hypothesis, the general theoretical orientation suggested by that tradition continues to be relevant to political communication in the 21st century.

27

Braxton, Scott M. Synthesis and use of a novel class of ATP carbamates and a ratchet diffusion model for directed motion in muscle. 1988.

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28

Williams, Tami. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038471.003.0008.

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This introductory chapter discusses how Germaine Dulac played a groundbreaking role in the evolution of the cinema both as art and social practice. Over the course of her film career (1915–42), Dulac directed more than thirty fiction films, many marking new cinematic tendencies, from Impressionist to abstract. A careful study of Dulac's life and work establishes the importance of her voice in the diffusion and legitimization of French film and film culture, as evidenced through her prolific writings and lectures. She also played a prominent role in several cultural organizations such as the Society of Film Authors (SAF), the French Federation of Cine-Clubs (FFCC), the International Council of Women (ICW), the International Educational Cinematographic Institute(IECI), and the League of Nations' International Committee for Intellectual Cooperation (ICIC), among others.

29

Vincieri, Martina. L'integrazione dell'obbligo di sicurezza. Bononia University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/sg288.

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Il presente studio monografico indaga gli strumenti variamente deputati ad accrescere le garanzie di tutela della salute dei lavoratori e ad elevare gli standard di sicurezza previsti normativamente. Rispetto alle previsioni di cui al d.lgs. n. 81/2008 possono essere create, ad iniziativa del datore di lavoro o in accordo tra le parti, misure o soluzioni ulteriori dirette al perfezionamento e all’integrazione dell’obbligo di sicurezza. La trattazione si snoda attraverso le «buone prassi», quali atti unilaterali del datore di lavoro, le misure inserite e negoziate all’interno di una intesa contrattuale, prevalentemente a livello d’azienda, nonché i modelli organizzativi, frutto di una scelta libera e insieme “necessitata” del datore di lavoro. L’Autrice si sofferma sull’esatto raccordo con l’art. 2087 c.c., posto che le soluzioni migliorative, unilaterali o contrattate, e i modelli organizzativi sono considerati misure per adempiere l’obbligo di sicurezza. La rilevanza degli strumenti menzionati induce a riflettere sulle conseguenti implicazioni giuridiche e a verificarne la diffusione in altri Stati membri. L’analisi comparata è, in particolare, volta a mettere in luce i meccanismi partecipativi e le sedi di confronto e di promozione della formazione di regole in azienda per la tutela della sicurezza sul lavoro.

30

Boothroyd, Andrew T. Principles of Neutron Scattering from Condensed Matter. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862314.001.0001.

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The book contains a comprehensive account of the theory and application of neutron scattering for the study of the structure and dynamics of condensed matter. All the principal experimental techniques available at national and international neutron scattering facilities are covered. The formal theory is presented, and used to show how neutron scattering measurements give direct access to a variety of correlation and response functions which characterize the equilibrium properties of bulk matter. The determination of atomic arrangements and magnetic structures by neutron diffraction and neutron optical methods is described, including single-crystal and powder diffraction, diffuse scattering from disordered structures, total scattering, small-angle scattering, reflectometry, and imaging. The principles behind the main neutron spectroscopic techniques are explained, including continuous and time-of-flight inelastic scattering, quasielastic scattering, spin-echo spectroscopy, and Compton scattering. The scattering cross-sections for atomic vibrations in solids, diffusive motion in atomic and molecular fluids, and single-atom and cooperative magnetic excitations are calculated. A detailed account of neutron polarization analysis is given, together with examples of how polarized neutrons can be exploited to obtain information about structural and magnetic correlations which cannot be obtained by other methods. Alongside the theoretical aspects, the book also describes the essential practical information needed to perform experiments and to analyse and interpret the data. Exercises are included at the end of each chapter to consolidate and enhance understanding of the material, and a summary of relevant results from mathematics, quantum mechanics, and linear response theory, is given in the appendices.

31

Bonacini, Pierpaolo. Multa scripsit nihil tamen reperitur Niccolò Mattarelli giurista a Modena e Padova (1240 ca.-1314 ca.). Bononia University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/sg292.

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Il volume è dedicato a ricostruire il profilo biografico e dottrinario del modenese Nicolò Mattarelli, docente di diritto civile a Padova dai primi anni Novanta del secolo XIII al secondo decennio del Trecento. La ricerca si sviluppa lungo tre tappe distinte ma reciprocamente interconnesse: la conoscenza delle esperienze pubbliche e private del giurista basata, in larga misura, sulla lettura dei registri dei Memoriali notarili conservati all’Archivio di Stato di Modena; la ricostruzione della sua produzione didattica e scientifica grazie al recupero di numerosi manoscritti in archivi e biblioteche italiane e straniere, integrata dai folti richiami alle sue opinioni che emergono nella posteriore dottrina civilistica senza tuttavia oltrepassare, nell’utilizzo diretto di sue opere, la soglia del primo Quattrocento; e infine la memoria postuma di Mattarelli messa a fuoco seguendo i variegati percorsi della storia e della bibliografia giuridica e della bibliografia con ambizioni universali. Testimonianze, queste ultime, che si rivelano preziose per osservare le forme e le modalità con cui si è conservato e diffuso, nello spazio e nel tempo, il ricordo del giurista modenese, delle tappe salienti della sua attività di docente e delle labili tracce delle sue opere che ancora sopravvivono in età moderna sino a un recupero più corposo e criticamente sorvegliato che si avvia unicamente dallo scorcio del Settecento.

Books on the topic 'Diffusion en direct'

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