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Journal articles on the topic 'Diffuse'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Clements, Charlie D., Daniel Harmon, and James A. Young. "Diffuse Knapweed (Centaurea diffusa) Seed Germination." Weed Science 58, no. 4 (December 2010): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-10-00007.1.

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The objective of this study was to define further the environmental requirements for safe sites for germination of diffuse knapweed achenes (seeds). Germination temperature profiles were developed for diffuse knapweed seeds collected from sites in the Great Basin and Colorado. Each profile consisted of seeds germinated at 55 constant or alternating temperatures from 0 through 40 C. The resulting germination was used to develop quadratic response surfaces with regression analysis. Some germination occurred from 71 to 96% of the temperature regimes, depending on the accession being tested. Maximum observed germination ranged from 85 to 98%. Optimum germination, defined as the maximum observed minus one half the confidence interval at the 0.01 level of probability, occurred at a wide range of temperatures from cold periods of 0 through 20 C, alternating with warm periods of 10 through 35 C. The temperature regimes that most frequently supported optimum germination were 5/25 C (5 C for 16 h and 25 C for 8 h in each 24-h period) and 10/25 C. Germination of diffuse knapweed seeds was generally higher at alternating than constant temperatures.

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2

Mortensen, K., P. Harris, and R. M. D. Makowski. "First occurrence ofPuccinia jaceaevar. diffusae in North America on diffuse knapweed(Centaurea diffusa)." Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 11, no. 3 (September 1989): 322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07060668909501121.

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3

Azad, Hassan, Julie Meyer, Gary Siebein, and Tapio Lokki. "The Effects of Adding Pyramidal and Convex Diffusers on Room Acoustic Parameters in a Small Non-Diffuse Room." Acoustics 1, no. 3 (August 2, 2019): 618–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics1030037.

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This paper presents an investigation of the effects of relatively large-scale pyramidal and convex-shaped diffusers on the acoustical properties of a small non-diffuse rectangular room. Room impulse responses (RIRs) were measured in various room configurations to extract the early decay time (EDT), reverberation time (T20), early-to-late arriving sound ratio (C50), and clarity (C80). The difference between the parameters measured in the empty room were chosen to be the reference, and those measured in other room configurations was calculated. Statistical analysis of the measurement results supplements the investigation to determine whether the coverage and type of diffusers contribute significantly to the variation of the acoustical parameters. The results show that adding diffusers in the room generally decreases EDT as well as T20, and increases C50 as well as C80 for both diffuser types. The statistical analysis shows that the coverage of diffusers significantly contributes to the variation of the acoustical parameters in most conditions (octave band, diffuser type). The effect of the diffuser shape is only significant for some of the conditions (at 4 kHz, the number of diffusers). The data presented demonstrate that in a small non-diffuse room the reverberation can be controlled efficiently by redirecting the sound energy towards the most absorbing surfaces.

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4

Moen, Jon. "Diffuse Competition: A Diffuse Concept." Oikos 54, no. 2 (February 1989): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3565280.

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5

Chen, George C. K. "Holographic diffuser for diffuse infrared wireless home networking." Optical Engineering 42, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.1534592.

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6

Kumabe, Toshihiro, Masayuki Kanamori, Ken-ichi Nagamatsu, Ryuta Saito, Yukihiko Sonoda, Mika Watanabe, and Teiji Tominaga. "Surgery for Diffuse Astrocytoma(Treatment of Diffuse Astrocytoma Grade 2)." Japanese Journal of Neurosurgery 18, no. 6 (2009): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7887/jcns.18.428.

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7

Narayanan, Swarnarekha, Sai Sriram S., and Balasubramanian D. "Diffuse Axonal Injury: An institute Experience." International Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgery 11, no. 2 (2019): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijnns.0975.0223.11219.5.

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8

Frey, Friedrich. "Diffuse scattering from disordered crystals (minerals)." European Journal of Mineralogy 9, no. 4 (July 23, 1997): 693–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/9/4/0693.

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9

Taboudoucht, A., and H. Ishida. "Diffuse Transmittance Spectroscopy of Polymeric Fibers." Applied Spectroscopy 43, no. 6 (August 1989): 1016–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702894203796.

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In this work, a new Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic technique (diffuse transmittance) is introduced. Its principle is based on the collection and the analysis of the diffusely transmitted infrared radiation through fibrous samples. The qualitative as well as the quantitative aspects of the method have been investigated. A comparative analysis of diffuse reflectance (DRIFT) and diffuse transmittance (DT) spectra shows that orientation of the sample has little effect on DT spectra, as compared with DRIFT spectra. With the use of ultra-high modulus polyethylene fabrics as a substrate coated with 12-nitrododecanoic acid, the concentration dependence of F( T), a function of the diffuse transmittance T, defined as F( T) = (1 – T)2/2 T, was investigated within the coating thickness range of 0 to 50 nm.

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10

Masci, Frank J. "Obscuration by Diffuse Cosmic Dust." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 15, no. 3 (1998): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as98299.

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AbstractIf the background universe is observed through a significant amount of diffusely distributed foreground dust, then studies at optical wavelengths may be severely biased. Previous studies investigating the effects of foreground dust on background sources assumed dust to be ‘compactly’ distributed, i.e. on scales comparable to the visible extent of normal galaxies. We show, however, that diffuse dust is more effective at obscuring background sources. Galaxy clusters are a likely location for ‘large-scale’ diffusely distributed dust, and its effect on the counts of background sources is explored. We also explore the implications of a hypothesised diffuse intergalactic dust component uniformly distributed to high redshift with comoving mass density equal to that associated with local galaxies. In this case, we predict a deficit in background sources about three times greater than that found in previous studies.

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11

Thompson, D. J., and D. G. Stout. "Duration of the juvenile period in diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa)." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 2 (February 1, 1991): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-050.

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In three controlled-environment experiments, diffuse knapweed plants were vernalized at leaf numbers ranging from 1 to 20. Five weeks after return to 16 h light: 8 h dark cycle at 25:20 °C (light:dark), bolting (elongation of flower stalks) was recorded. In a separate field experiment we marked 200 rosettes with leaf numbers ranging from 4 to 26 in November, and on June 30 we recorded which of these had bolted. Probit analysis was used to derive an LN50 (leaf number at which 50% bolting is expected) for each trial. Vernalizing conditions strongly affected the LN50 values derived, mainly through their influence on leaf development. The lowest value of LN50 (5.9 leaves) was obtained with vernalization at 7 °C and 460 μmol m−2 s−1 light intensity, an intermediate value (LN50 = 8.9 leaves) with vernalization at 8 °C and 164 μmol m−2 s−1 intensity, and the highest value (LN50 = 12.6 leaves) with vernalization at 4 °C and 164 μmol m−2 s−1. These experimental conditions allowed an average of 6.5, 4.2, and 1.7 leaves to form during vernalization, respectively. Presumably the vernalizing treatment that allowed the least leaf formation (lowest temperature and light intensity) gave the most reliable estimate of the end of the juvenile period, ending at the formation of the 13th leaf (LN50 = 12.6). Key words: knapweed, vernalization, juvenility, leaf number, bolting.

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12

Sun, Chia-Wei, Ching-Cheng Chuang, Chia-Yen Lee, and Chung-Ming Chen. "Diffuser-aided time-domain diffuse optical imaging: a phantom study." Journal of Biomedical Optics 19, no. 4 (April 10, 2014): 046008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.19.4.046008.

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13

Chung, Hee Soon. "Diffuse Panbronchiolitis." Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 44, no. 5 (1997): 964. http://dx.doi.org/10.4046/trd.1997.44.5.964.

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14

Ginn, Stephen. "Diffuse reflection." Lancet 389, no. 10070 (February 2017): 688–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30346-x.

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15

Izumi, Takateru. "Diffuse Panbronchiolitis." Chest 100, no. 3 (September 1991): 596–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.100.3.596.

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16

Fein, Alan M. "Diffuse Panbronchiolitis." Clinical Pulmonary Medicine 1, no. 6 (November 1994): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00045413-199411000-00007.

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17

Tamaoki, Jun. "Diffuse Panbronchiolitis." Clinical Pulmonary Medicine 4, no. 6 (November 1997): 324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00045413-199711000-00003.

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18

Lundh, Göran. "DIFFUSE MENINGIOMA." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 30, no. 2 (August 18, 2009): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1952.tb00169.x.

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19

Birth, Gerald S. "Diffuse reflection." Physics Teacher 24, no. 3 (March 1986): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.2341967.

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20

Krishnan, Padmanabhan, Rajeeve Thachil, and Virgilio Gillego. "Diffuse Panbronchiolitis." Chest 121, no. 2 (February 2002): 659–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.121.2.659.

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21

Loiseau-Peres, Sylvie, and Claude Laurent Benhamou. "Déminéralisation diffuse." EMC - Traité de médecine AKOS 1, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1634-6939(06)75544-2.

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22

Poletti, V. "Diffuse panbronchiolitis." European Respiratory Journal 28, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 862–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.06.00131805.

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23

Lin, S. H., and Y. S. Liao. "Diffuse panbronchiolitis." Canadian Medical Association Journal 184, no. 10 (March 5, 2012): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.111671.

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24

HOMMA, Hiomi. "Diffuse Panbronchiolitis." Japanese Journal of Medicine 25, no. 3 (1986): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine1962.25.329.

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25

Mirebeau, Isabelle. "Diffuse scattering." EPJ Web of Conferences 155 (2017): 00006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201715500006.

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26

HOMMA, Hiomi. "Diffuse panbronchiolitis." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 75, no. 10 (1986): 1347–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.75.1347.

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27

Keng, Li-Ta, and Meng-Rui Lee. "Diffuse panbronchiolitis." Postgraduate Medical Journal 95, no. 1121 (November 29, 2018): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2018-136091.

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28

Adams, N. P., and J. Congelton. "Diffuse panbronchiolitis." European Respiratory Journal 32, no. 1 (March 5, 2008): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00011408.

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29

Reddy, J. R., N. Shetty, G. Shenoy, and S. Gadiyaram. "Diffuse myocysticercosis." BMJ 348, jun05 14 (June 5, 2014): g3270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g3270.

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30

Vittalrao, A., and B. B. Gelman. "DIFFUSE HICROGLIOSIS." Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 52, no. 3 (May 1993): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005072-199305000-00047.

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31

Helmberger, T. "Diffuse Lebererkrankungen." Der Radiologe 52, no. 8 (August 2012): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00117-012-2306-3.

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32

van Duijn, Huug. "Diffuse haaruitval." Huisarts en Wetenschap 52, no. 7 (July 2009): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03085678.

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33

Kudoh, Shoji, and Naoto Keicho. "Diffuse Panbronchiolitis." Clinics in Chest Medicine 33, no. 2 (June 2012): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccm.2012.02.005.

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34

Ansink, B. J. J., G. ap A. G. Davies, S. M. Bellot, and F. C. Stam. "Diffuse sclerosis." Neuroradiology 27, no. 4 (July 1985): 360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00339574.

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35

Keicho, Naoto, and Shoji Kudoh. "Diffuse Panbronchiolitis." American Journal of Respiratory Medicine 1, no. 2 (April 2002): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03256601.

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36

Sugiyama, Yukihiko. "DIFFUSE PANBRONCHIOLITIS." Clinics in Chest Medicine 14, no. 4 (December 1993): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-5231(21)00938-2.

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37

Nocente, Alessandro, Tufan Arslan, Steinar Grynning, and Francesco Goia. "CFD Study of Diffuse Ceiling Ventilation through Perforated Ceiling Panels." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 17, 2020): 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081995.

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Diffuse Ceiling Ventilation (DCV) is a promising concept to address internal air quality and thermal comfort requirements in contemporary buildings. Sound-absorbing perforated ceiling panels are common in office rooms and can be used as air diffusers without modifications. The optimization of such systems is not a trivial procedure, and numerical simulation can represent an important tool to carry out this task. Today, most of the numerical studies on DCV are performed using porous medium models and focus on the general system performance rather than on the optimization of the diffuser design. In previous studies, a CFD model was used to optimize the size and distribution of the ceiling perforation. In the study presented in this paper, the results of simulations conducted on a full-scale three-dimensional domain and the performance comparison between a continuous and non-continuous perforation distribution are given. The results show that the non-continuous diffuser design does not disturb the internal comfort and does not introduce a negative effect in the system performance. The different configurations lead to a different air distribution in the room, but in both cases, the velocity magnitude is always well below values leading to draft discomfort.

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38

Segel, Lee A. "Diffuse feedback from diffuse information in complex systems." Complexity 5, no. 6 (2000): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-0526(200007/08)5:6<39::aid-cplx8>3.0.co;2-4.

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39

Brougère, Gilles. "De l’apprentissage diffus ou informel à l’éducation diffuse ou informelle." Le Télémaque 49, no. 1 (2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/tele.049.0051.

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40

Ripoll, J., and M. Nieto-Vesperinas. "Index mismatch for diffuse photon density waves at both flat and rough diffuse–diffuse interfaces." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 16, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 1947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.16.001947.

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41

Alharbi, Abdulaziz R., Jouke Campen, Mohamed Sharaf, Feije De Zwart, Wim Voogt, Kess Scheffers, Ilias Tsafaras, et al. "DE EFFECT OF CLEAR AND DEFUSE GLASS COVERING MATERIALS ON FRUIT YIELD AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF GREENHOUSE CUCUMBER GROWN IN HOT CLIMATE." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 20, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2021.3.4.

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Using proper greenhouse covering materials can provide a suitable environment for plant growth in Saudi Arabia. The effects of three different greenhouse covering materials, clear glass, polycarbonate and diffuse tempered glass were used to evaluate its effect on cucumber productivity, water and energy use efficiency. Results show that either water or light use efficiency was higher in compartments covered with diffused or clear glass than polycarbonate compartment. Inconsequence, fruit yield of cucumber plants/m2 was significantly higher (58%) in clear and diffuse glass greenhouses as opposed to polycarbonate greenhouse. In term of the effect of cultivar or plant density, no significant differences on cucumber yield were found. Using of different covering materials did affect environmental data of greenhouses. Less light was transmitted through polycarbonate cover than clear or diffuse glass. The photosynthesis active radiation (P.A.R.) was 996, 1703, 1690 mol/m2/d, while the electricity consumption was 2.97, 3.44, and 2.88 kWh under polycarbonate, clear glass, and diffuse glass, respectively. Meanwhile, diffuse glass compartment revealed 16% lower of water consumption than other covering materials. In this respect, it could be concluded that using diffuse glass, as a greenhouse cover material, has a strong positive influence on crop productivity under Saudi Arabia climate.

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42

Acikalin, Mustafa Fuat, Huseyin Mete Tanir, Sinan Ozalp, Emine Dundar, Evrim Ciftci, and Emel Ozalp. "Diffuse Uterine Adenomatoid Tumor in a Patient With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 19, no. 2 (January 2009): 242–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/igc.0b013e31819bc8f9.

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AbstractUterine adenomatoid tumors are usually solitary lesions. Adenomatoid tumors diffusely infiltrating the entire myometrium have rarely been reported in the literature. A feature common to half of the reported cases of diffuse uterine adenomatoid tumor was an immunocompromised status of the patient caused by the medications for renal transplantation. In this article, we describe an unusual case of diffuse uterine adenomatoid tumor in a patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Pelvic examination showed an irregular and enlarged uterus. Supracervical hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed with a clinical diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma. Pathological examination showed, in addition to multiple leiomyomas, diffuse uterine adenomatoid tumor. We suggested that the diffuse pattern in our patient might be related to immunosuppression secondary to chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

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43

Brenner, Howard. "Bivelocity hydrodynamics. Diffuse mass flux vs. diffuse volume flux." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 392, no. 4 (February 2013): 558–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2012.09.013.

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44

Sagar, Vivek. "A Study of Non-Scarring Diffuse Alopecia." Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine 05, no. 02 (May 14, 2018): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2349.7181.201808.

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45

Hlavenková, Lucia, Olivér Gábor, Radoslav Beňuš, Václav Smrčka, Jaroslav Jambor, and Tamás Hajdu. "Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis from Roman Hungary." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 70, no. 3 (November 1, 2013): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2013/0309.

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46

Dunn, S. M., and C. F. Dilks. "Benchmark models for diffuse pollution: the challenges." River Systems 17, no. 1-2 (July 28, 2006): 49–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/lr/17/2006/49.

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47

Lin, W. L., and E. Essner. "Diffuse cytoplasmic staining of retinal capillary endothelium." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 34, no. 10 (October 1986): 1325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/34.10.2427569.

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The distribution of several hemeprotein tracers in retinal capillaries of Wistar-Furth rats was studied by electron microscopic cytochemistry after incubation in 3,3'-diaminobenzidine. Diffuse cytoplasmic reaction product was frequently observed in the endothelial cells after intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or lactoperoxidase (LP), or after perfusion of HRP. Occasionally, pericytes were also diffusely stained. In contrast, injection of microperoxidase, catalase, or hemoglobin did not cause diffuse staining. The diffuse staining was similar with HRP types II, VI, and VIII, and at concentrations of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/100 g body weight. Despite the staining, the blood-retinal barrier remained intact. The findings indicate that HRP and LP are capable of causing diffuse nonspecific staining of retinal capillary endothelial cells, even at relatively low concentrations. Since these tracers are frequently used in studies of the blood-retinal barrier, the results of such studies should be interpreted with caution.

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48

Zhou, Yong, Yanfeng Liu, Yingya Chen, and Dengjia Wang. "General models for estimating daily diffuse solar radiation in China: Diffuse fraction and diffuse coefficient models." Energy Procedia 158 (February 2019): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.101.

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49

Blair, Amy C., and Ruth A. Hufbauer. "Geographic Patterns of Interspecific Hybridization between Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) and Diffuse Knapweed (C. diffusa)." Invasive Plant Science and Management 2, no. 1 (January 2009): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-08-105.1.

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AbstractHybridization between species has the potential to change invasion dynamics. Field observations suggest that spotted knapweed and diffuse knapweed, two ecologically and economically destructive invasive plants, hybridize in their introduced range. As a first step towards understanding whether hybridization has affected the dynamics of the invasion of these species, we conducted field surveys in the introduced (North American) and native (European) ranges to discern patterns of hybridization and measured fitness-related traits among field hybrids and parental species. In North America we detected plants with hybrid morphology in 97% of the diffuse knapweed sites (n= 40); such hybrid plants were taller and more often exhibited polycarpy than plants with typical diffuse knapweed morphology. Hybrids were not detected in North American spotted knapweed sites (n= 22). In most regions surveyed in Europe, diffuse knapweed and spotted knapweed were isolated from each other and existed as distinct, nonhybridizing species. However, in Ukraine, the two species frequently coexisted within a site, resulting in hybrid swarms. On average, the plants from the North American diffuse knapweed sites (including plants with both diffuse and hybrid morphology), were larger than the apparently pure diffuse knapweed in the native range. The cross-continental patterns of hybridization likely are explained by differences in cytology. It recently has been confirmed that the spotted knapweed in North America is tetraploid whereas the diffuse knapweed is diploid. Genetic incompatibilities associated with these two cytotypes likely prevent ongoing hybridization. We hypothesize that hybrid individuals were introduced to North America along with diffuse knapweed. Because plants with hybrid morphology are found in nearly all North American diffuse knapweed sites, the introduction of hybrids likely occurred early in the invasion of diffuse knapweed. Thus, although the presence of hybrids might facilitate the ongoing invasion of diffuse knapweed into North America, elevated concern regarding their presence might not be warranted. Because such individuals are not likely to represent a new hybridization event, currently effective management strategies used in diffuse knapweed sites should not need alteration.

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50

Erin, Şakin. "Diffusion of Islam in the United States: Comparative Personal Conversion Social Networks." International Review of Social Research 6, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/irsr-2016-0024.

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Abstract Conversion is one of the ways in which religion diffuses in society. Different than other diffusions, such as adopting a new technology or a fad, religious adoption can be riskier since it entails a life changing transition thereby making it a complex contagion. This study investigates whether Islam diffuses through weak ties or strong ties. By comparing conversion cases in Michigan, where there is a larger Muslim community, and Kentucky, where there is a less tangible Muslim community, I argue Islam is more likely to diffuse through what I call recessive or dominant weak ties in Michigan, whereas it is more likely to diffuse through strong ties in Kentucky. I collected personal social networks of 18 individuals who converted to Islam living in Michigan and 12 living in Kentucky. I found the research participants through mosques located in several cities in Michigan, including Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti, Flint, Detroit, Dearborn, and Canton, and two cities in Kentucky: Lexington and Louisville. Having investigated a set of egocentric conversion networks from both Michigan and Kentucky, I found that the existence of a Muslim community and how it is perceived by mainstream society is an ultimate factor in determining the strength of a tie to other Muslims. Thus, Islam is more likely to diffuse through weak ties where there is a Muslim community, but it is more likely to diffuse through strong ties where there is no such community.

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