Dissertations / Theses: 'Difference'

1

Foreman, Elizabeth. "Individual differences in expanded judgement tasks /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf715.pdf.

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2

Lam, Chuen Cheun. "Colour difference evaluation in different media." Thesis, University of Derby, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10545/208795.

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Colour difference evaluation is an important quality control task for the surface colour industries. It has been carried out by visual assessments of surfac7samples by the experienced colourists. However, many viewing parameters such as sample' size, sample separation, textures could have an impact on the perceived colour differences. Recently, evaluations have also been' performed using self-luminous colours to achieve quick response for modem business. Large difference in the viewing conditions between the surface and self-luminous media could also affect the final decision for judging colour difference. This study was divided into two parts according to the different media used, surface and self-luminous (CRT) colours. The goal was to investigate various parametric effects for assessing colou,r differences including medium, texture, sample separation, sample size, and background colour. Experiment 1 included 107 cotton pairs corresponding to five colour centres. The average colour difference of the sample pairs was about 5 CIELAB units. The grey scale method was used for scaling colour differences \vith a panel of 10 observers (two assessments for each observer). In general, the parametric effects found were small varying from 8 to 15% except for the background ~ffect, i.e. 42% and 26% for green sample pairs assessed against a green background and the blue samples pairs against ..' a blue background respectively. The r~ults clearly indicate a chromatic crispening effect. Experiment 2 included six phases which reproduced the colours in Experiment 1 onto a CRT. The results confirmed that all the parametric effects found in Experiment 1 and the most obvious effect was the chromatic crispening effect. It was intended to compare results between Experiments 1 and 2 to reveal the difference between surface colour and self-luminous colour under various parametric conditions. The results showed that all CRT colour pairs appear about 20% smaller colour difference than surface c'olour pairs.

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3

Floyd, Stewart Allen. "A qualitative analysis of finite difference equations in R[superscript n]." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29441.

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4

Serra, Andreas. "A difference analysis method for detecting differences between similar documents." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-219566.

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Similarity analysis of documents is a well studied field. With a focus instead on the opposite concept, how can we try to define and distinguish the differences within documents? This project tries to determine if differences within documents can be detected as well as quantified based on their semantic qualities. We propose a method for quantifying differences by applying tf-idf based models with analysis methods for lemmatization and synonym extraction, together with utility ranking algorithms. The method is implemented and tested. The results show that the method has potential but that further studies are required in order to fully evaluate to what extent it could be of practical use. Such a method could though reap significant benefits within several different fields in which automatic difference detection could replace error prone manual labor in document management, as well as other beneficial purposes such as to provide automatically generated difference summaries.
Likhetsanalys mellan dokument är ett välutforskat område. Med fokus istället på motsatsen, hur kan vi försöka definiera och särskilja skillnaderna mellan dokument? Detta projekt försöker undersöka om skillnader mellan dokument kan detekteras samt kvantifieras baserat på deras semantiska kvalitéer. Vi föreslår en metod för kvantifiering av skillnader genom att applicera tf-idf baserade modeller tillsammans med analysmetoder för lemmatisering och synonymextrahering, i kombination med utilitetsrankningsalgoritmer. Metoden implementeras och testas. Resultaten visar att metoden har potential men att det krävs ytterligare studier för att fullt ut avgöra till vilken grad den skulle kunna vara praktiskt användbar. En sådan metod skulle dock kunna erbjuda stora fördelar för ett flertal olika discipliner, där automatisk skillnadsdetektering skulle kunna ersätta felbenägen manuellt arbete gällande dokumentationshantering, samt också fylla andra förmånliga syften som t.ex. att kunna erbjuda automatgenererade skillnadssammanfattningar.

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5

Liu, Kan. "Divisible difference sets and difference sets from cyclotomy /." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488187049541478.

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6

Watkins, Catherine, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Celebrating difference." Deakin University. School of Communication and Creative Arts, 2004. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050915.120943.

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This thesis examines short fiction and some poetry by writers from four different Australian cultural communities, the Indigenous community, and the Jewish, Chinese and Middle-Eastern communities. I have chosen to study the most recent short fiction available from a selection of writing which originates from each culture. In the chapters on Chinese-Australian and Middle-Eastern Australian fiction I have examined some poetry if it contributes to the subject matter under discussion. In this study I show how the short story form is used as a platform for these writers to express views on their own cultures and on their identity within Australian society. Through a close examination of texts this study reveals the strategies by which many of these narratives provide an imaginative literary challenge to Anglo-Celtic cultural dominance, a challenge which contributes to the political nature of this writing and the shifting nature of the short story genre. This study shows that by celebrating difference these narratives can act as a site of resistance and show a capacity to reflect and instigate cultural change. This thesis examines the process by which these narratives create a dialogue between cultures and address the problems inherent in diverse cultural communities living together.

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7

FANTI, ALESSANDRO. "A generalized finite difference approach to the computation of modes." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266145.

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This thesis deals with numerical techniques for the computation of modes in electromagnetic structures with arbitrary geometry. The approach proposed in this work is based on the Finite Difference (FD) and Vector Finite Difference (VFD), which are applied to rectangular, circular, elliptical geometries, and to combination of them. The FD is applied using a 2D cartesian, polar and elliptical grid in the waveguide section. A suitable Taylor expansion of the mode function allows, either for scalar and for vector FD, to take exactly into account the boundary condition. To prevent the raising of spurious modes, the VFD approximation results in a constrained eigenvalue problem, that has been solved using a decomposition method. All approaches presented have been validated comparing the results to the analytical modes of rectangular and circular waveguide, and to known data for the elliptic case. The standard calculation of the waveguide modes using FD requires the use of two different grids, namely one for TE modes and the other for TM modes, due to the different boundary condition. It has been shown that a single grid can be used for all modes, thus allowing an effective mode-matching solution. The FD approach has been extended to waveguides (and apertures) with irregular boundaries, and therefore non-regular discretization grids. It has been shown that a suitable FD approximation of the Laplace operator is still possible. A ridged-waveguide, with trapezoidal ridges, and a rounded-ended waveguide have been considered in detail.

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8

Hermansson, Tomas. "Sacked in the morning? The effect of within-season coach replacement in Swedish football." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279536.

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This paper examines the short-term effect on team performance after dismissing the head coach mid-season in the two highest football leagues in Sweden. The effect was assessed using a difference-in-differences estimation in which a treatment group is compared to a control group before and after the initiation of the treatment. On average the teams changing their coach improved their performance under the new coach, though compared to the control group no significant difference was found. However, some significant (10%- level) differences were found when separating the teams depending on which league they belong to, with a small positive effect for teams in Allsvenskan and a small negative effect for the teams in Superettan. Nonetheless, the overall conclusion from this analysis is that dismissing the coach mid-season does not have any substantial impact on team performance in the short-term.
I denna rapport utreds den kortsiktiga effekten på ett fotbollslags prestation efter att de bytt tränare mitt under säsongen i de två högsta divisionerna inom svensk fotboll. Effekten undersöktes med hjälp av en difference-in-differences estimering som är en metod där en behandlingsgrupp, i detta fall lag som byter tränare, jämförs med en kontrollgrupp före och efter behandlingen. I genomsnitt förbättrade lagen som bytte tränare sin prestation under den nya tränaren men jämfört med kontrollgruppen kunde ingen skillnad ses. Dock syntes en viss signifikant (10\%-nivån) skillnad när lagen separerades beroende på vilken liga de tillhör, med en liten positiv effekt för lag i Allsvenskan och en liten negativ effekt för lag i Superettan. Trots denna lilla skillnad är slutsatsen av denna analys att ett tränarbyte mitt under säsongen inte har någon större kortsiktig effekt på lagets prestation.

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9

范俊德 and Chun-tak Fan. "Interlocking difference sets." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207236.

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10

Fan, Chun-tak. "Interlocking difference sets /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12323573.

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11

Jönsson, Lisa. "Incitamentsstrukturer i socialbidragssystemet : Leder hårdare krav till ett minskat socialbidragstagande?" Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7648.

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I denna uppsats studeras hur förändrade incitament i form av hårdare aktiveringskrav för arbetslösa socialbidragstagare i Sveriges kommuner inverkar på andelen socialbidragstagare och socialbidragskostnaderna i kommunerna. Studien möjliggörs av att de svenska kommunerna i varierande utsträckning har infört hårdare aktiveringskrav för arbetslösa socialbidragstagare, varför en difference in differences-analys som renodlar effekten av hårdare krav kan genomföras. Kommunerna klassificeras utifrån graden av aktivitet vad gäller att få socialbidragstagare i aktivering. Väldigt aktiva kommuner jämförs med icke alls aktiva, och en betydande uppsättning kontrollvariabler som kontrollerar för andra skillnader mellan kommungrupperna inkluderas. Resultaten visar att ett införande av hårda aktiveringskrav för arbetslösa socialbidragstagare ger tydliga negativa effekter på andelen socialbidragstagare i kommunerna, i synnerhet för unga socialbidragstagare, men mer begränsade effekter på kommunernas socialbidragskostnader.

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12

Jensen, Joel, and Simon Markebeck. "Love Thy Neighbour : En kvantitativ studie om hyresfastigheters påverkan på de närliggande bostadsrättspriserna." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388309.

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Hyresrätt är en populär boendeform i Sverige. Trots det är diskrepansen mellan utbud och efterfrågan stor. Ett utökat investeringsstöd till utvecklingen av nya hyresfastigheter pekar på att insatser görs för att möta det bristande utbudet, men få svenska studier har undersökt om nybyggnation av hyresfastigheter har någon påverkan på området de utvecklas i. Denna uppsats undersöker om en tillkomst av hyresfastigheter på Kungsholmen i Stockholms innerstad påverkat närliggande bostadsrättspriser genom de attribut som hyresrätter för med sig, vilket i första hand antas vara låginkomsttagare. Via en difference-in-differences-regression, där data över genomsnittliga kvadratmeterpriser, medelinkomst och andel utrikes födda används, framkommer ett statistiskt signifikant resultat som säger att prisutvecklingen bland bostadsrätterna i SAMS-området Östra Stadshagen hade varit 8,2% högre om inte tre nya hyresfastigheter hade tillkommit i området år 2011. Resultaten bör dock tolkas med viss försiktighet, och författarna uppmanar till fler studier på området för att med säkerhet kunna fastslå om en tillkomst av hyresfastigheter har några priseffekter på närliggande bostadsområden.

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13

Widder, Nathan. "Genealogies of difference." Thesis, University of Essex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285869.

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14

Lucrecio, Lorraine M. "An ocean of difference: An exploration of cultural differences in learning styles." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/240.

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An interdisciplinary approach to learning styles and teaching styles among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander students (NHPI) and Western teachers, this thesis suggests specific learning components necessary for academic success for Oceanic learners. This was accomplished by examining academic literature in the fields of anthropology, history, intercultural communication, linguistics, Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL), and Hawaiian studies. The thesis blends the current literature with qualitative research findings from questionnaire results of university students from the Pacific Islands and questionnaire results from Western university faculty. The results of this research provide insight to addressing tactile learning, natural environments, spirit/core wisdom, and awareness of the differences in communication styles for NHPI students in a U.S. university. The results also provide insight on two major themes that inhibit learning: first, that NHPI students face fear and a lack of confidence on a daily basis in the general class environment, and second, that their teachers also have a low regard of the NHPI student because of unmet expectations that are culturally relevant to Western education systems, but that are in direct contrast of Oceanic values. This thesis suggests that both teachers and students often miscommunicate by unknowing conflicting value systems.

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15

Kama, Phumezile. "Non-standard finite difference methods in dynamical systems." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07132009-163422.

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16

Pyer, Michelle. "The difference that difference makes : leisure, space and teenage wheelchair users." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2009. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/3576/.

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Despite the burgeoning social scientific research regarding children and young people, there has been a paucity of research regarding the everyday issues and experiences of 'disabled' teenagers. This thesis presents an understanding of the encounters and experiences of teenage wheelchair users in a range of public and private leisure spaces. The thesis contributes to expanding debates surrounding the significance of difference in developing understandings of the lives of particular 'groups' of (young) people. It challenges the notion of 'wheelchair user' as a universal grouping, exploring the difference and diversity of their leisure experiences in relation to the home, transport, indoor and outdoor public leisure spaces. The study utilises a multi-method approach, tailored wherever possible to the needs of individual participants. The methods used include survey-based interviews, a photography exercise and participant-led tours. Significant emphasis is placed on the contributions of the young people themselves, as experts in their lives. The thesis presents the diversity of experiences that teenage wheelchair users encounter in those spaces used for, and designated as, leisure. Discussions centre on their enjoyment(s), disappointment(s) and the insights that they can give to the development of the everyday spaces that they frequent. A number of theoretical contributions are put forward in relation to the teenagers' use of spaces in accessing leisure, and which have wider ramifications for debates relating to geography, childhood and 'disability'. Throughout, the notion of disadvantage in the lives of the teenagers is discussed, alongside the significance of the (socially-constructed) labels 'childhood', 'disability' and 'wheelchair user'. These 'layers of disadvantage' are explained as they manifest in and through the spaces that the teenagers frequent in relation to leisure. The notion of 'deceptive access' is drawn out to explore spaces which are seemingly adapted and accessible for the generic wheelchair user, however where access is not afforded in relation to the diverse needs of the young wheelchair user. Throughout, the theme of emotion in relation to leisure is developed, situating the experiences of this group of young people in their 'present time worlds' (Sanders and Munford, 2008, p. 331), and highlighting the importance of the everyday in understanding the leisure of young people. Ultimately the significance of leisure in the here and now, rather than merely for the future good is maintained.

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17

Gerlich, Gerhard [Verfasser]. "List Classes and Difference Lists : A New Approach to Difference Lists and Difference Sets in Abelian Groups / Gerhard Gerlich." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1166511952/34.

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18

Kodirova, Manizha, and Shabnam Mirzoeva. "Economic Impact of Microcredit in an Urban Setting : The Case of Tajikistan." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18820.

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This paper investigates the impact of receiving microcredit on the economic conditions of urban poor. The change in household income level between the years 2009 and 2011 was measured for a group of survey participants half of whom were microcredit beneficiaries, while the other half were not. The survey was conducted in Dushanbe, the capital city of Tajikistan. A difference-in-differences approach was used for the analysis and various other attributes that influence income such as the level of education, age and gender were taken into account in model formation. The findings indicate that microloans do not significantly affect the income level of the urbn poor in the short run.

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19

Remnegård, Hage Eric. "Avregleringen av svensk fordonsbesiktningsmarknad : En studie av avregleringens effekt på pris." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-378608.

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Den 30 juni 2010 avreglerades fordonsbesiktningsmarknaden i Sverige. Dagen därpå var det öppet för nya besiktningsföretag att konkurrera på en helt ny marknad i Sverige där fri prissättning råder. I den här studien undersöks avregleringens effekter på medelpriset för kontrollbesiktning av personbil. Detta görs med hjälp av difference-in-differences-analyser, med den sedan 1990-talet avreglerade finländska fordonsbesiktningsmarknaden som kontrollgrupp. Den tidsperiod som studeras och analyseras är åren 2008 till 2016. Analysen gav ett statistiskt signifikant resultat som visade att avregleringen medfört höjda medelpriser på kontrollbesiktning av personbil i Sverige. Dessutom har ett antal nya besiktningsföretag ackrediterats och trätt in på marknaden.

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20

Lundberg, Tilda, and Hanne Enoksson. "Flygskatt - Kjempebra eller kan det va? : En kvantitativ studie om hur individers konsumtion av flygresor påverkas av den norska flygskatten." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-387888.

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Den första juni 2016 trädde en norsk styckskatt på flygresor i kraft. Avsikten med skatten var både att generera inkomster till statskassan och att minska flygandet hos den norska befolkningen. Denna kvantitativa studie syftar till att utvärdera huruvida den andra avsikten förverkligats. Detta görs genom att undersöka vilken effekt flygstolsavgiften haft på norrmännens flygande. Via en difference-in-differences-estimation med Norge som behandlingsgrupp och Sverige som kontrollgrupp utläses ett signifikant positivt resultat på 0,79 procentenheter när kontrollvariablerna BNP per capita, flygskam och månadsdummies inkluderas. Detta kan tolkas som att skatten har ökat andelen passagerare. Resultatet motsäger ekonomisk teori och tidigare landspecifika utvärderingar av flygskatt. Samtidigt antyder tidigare studier inom området att resultatet kan ha sin grund i att det finns en betalningsvilja för miljöskatter. Däremot finns skäl att vara kritisk mot att sambandet är kausalt eftersom det kan finnas icke-observerade faktorer som påverkar utfallet. I känslighetsanalysen försvinner signifikansen, vilket är ytterligare ett tecken på att flygskatten inte kan förklara den ökning som skett. Huvudresultat är att den norska flygstolsavgiften inte kan bevisas ha minskat andelen passagerare, vilket kan ha sin förklaring i skattens utformning och magnitud. Således är det tvivelaktigt om denna typ av flygskatt kan användas som medel för att minska flygets klimatpåverkan.

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21

Uygur, Aysegul. "Identitiy,difference And Ir." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607459/index.pdf.

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Today, especially after various critical evaluations of mainstream theories of International Relations (IR), it is common place to observe that IR discipline is Eurocentric. Natural outcome of this Eurocentric character of IR discipline has been the privileging of modern identity (and thus, modernity) and the marginalization of different cultures and identities as "
others"
. This thesis analyzes the relationship between the concepts of modern identity, national interest and difference within the framework of IR theory. The thesis asserts that IR discipline should solve the problem of exclusion of the "
other"
or suppression of differences since International Relations means first and foremost interaction with the "
Other"
. In order to solve this contradiction, I argue that IR theory should be deconstructed on the basis of a treatment of differences and heterogeneity. However, criticizing the creation of the "
others"
necessitates also the critique of modern identity since "
heterophobia"
is the result of the homogenizing character of European identity. Therefore, a deconstruction of the hegemony of modern identity in IR is the main concern of this thesis. The thesis finally argues that &ldquo
other worlds&rdquo
which leave room for different identities and other "
truths"
are also possible.

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22

Arditi, Benjamin. "Politics, publicness and difference." Thesis, University of Essex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294670.

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23

Sullivan, Joanne F. "Hegel and sexual difference." Thesis, University of Essex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400983.

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24

Forta, Nazim Gizem. "Vibration intensity difference thresholds." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72167/.

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The intensity difference threshold is defined as ‘the difference in the intensity of two stimuli which is just sufficient for their difference to be detected’. The aim of this thesis is to advance understanding of the perception of vibration intensity differences in humans. In addition to increasing understanding of the tactile senses, knowledge of difference perception could inform various applications such as the optimisation of the vibration characteristics of vehicles and the design of human–machine interfaces involving communication via the sense of touch. Absolute thresholds for the perception of vibration in the glabrous skin have been modelled by ‘channels’ within the somatosensory system that predict the effects of vibration frequency, vibration magnitude, vibration duration and contact conditions. Difference thresholds are less well understood and there is little knowledge of their dependence on vibration characteristics and contact conditions. In this thesis, psychophysical methods were employed to determine the difference thresholds with various input conditions (whole-body vibration, foot-transmitted vibration, grasping a vibrating handle, and localised excitation of the hand and the forearm). Five experiments investigated the dependence of difference thresholds on vibration magnitude, vibration frequency, the responses of the somatosensory channels of the skin (especially the Pacinian and the non-Pacinian I channels) as well as the location of the vibration input, information from other sensory systems, and the presence of masking vibration. The first experiment tested the hypothesis that relative difference thresholds (i.e. the percentage change in vibration magnitude required for the change to be detected) for vertical whole-body vibration depend on the frequency and magnitude of the vibration. Relative difference thresholds were found to be independent of vibration magnitude except at the lowest frequency (2.5 Hz) and the highest frequency (315 Hz), where the change in motion may have been perceived by vision and hearing, respectively. The second and third experiments investigated the dependence of difference thresholds on the frequency and magnitude of hand-transmitted vibration and foot-transmitted vibration. The experiments produced similar results, with difference thresholds independent of the frequency of vibration and only dependent on the magnitude of vibration at 125 Hz, where higher magnitudes (18 dB sensation level and above) produced greater relative difference thresholds. The fourth experiment tested the hypothesis that a low-magnitude low-frequency masking vibration (at 16 Hz) would not affect high-frequency difference thresholds (at 125 Hz). It was found that the lowfrequency masker only increased difference thresholds when its magnitude was greater than 12 dB SL. The final experiment with localised vibration at the hand and arm tested the hypothesis that NPI and P channels have different relative difference thresholds. Overall, there was no significant difference between the relative difference thresholds of vibration mediated by the NPI channel (at 10 Hz) and the P-channel (at 125 Hz), but the relative difference thresholds of the P-channel tended to be lower than those of the NPI-channel, as in experiments II and III. Depending on the test conditions, the median unmasked relative difference thresholds were in a range from 0.1 to 0.6. There was a tendency for the relative difference thresholds to decrease with increasing contact area, with whole-body vibration producing the smallest relative difference thresholds and localised vibration producing the greatest relative difference thresholds. From the results of all five experiments, it was concluded that excitation area and cues from other senses were more likely to cause relative difference thresholds to depend on the frequency and magnitude of vibration, than any differences in discrimination capability between the P and NPI channels. Other findings include a possible reduction in the discrimination capability of the P-channel with increasing magnitude of vibration (in Experiments II and III) and the suggestion of lower relative differencethresholds for the NPII channel (in Experiment V).

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25

Matiasson, Sofia, and Linda Almgren. "Adjustment makes a difference." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33375.

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Denna undersökning handlar om individuellt alternativ som gymnasieprogram och elever med ADHD. Syftet med undersökningen är att få kunskap om vad ett individuellt alternativ för elever med neuropsykiatriska funktionshinder på gymnasiet innebär samt hur vägledare och elever upplever programmet utifrån begreppen känsla av sammanhang och stigmatisering. Våra frågeställningar är: 1)Vad kan ett individuellt alternativ för elever med neuropsykiatriska funktionshinder innebära? 2) På vilket sätt kan skolgången anpassas för eleverna som går på individuellt alternativ för elever med neuropsykiatriska funktionshinder? 3) Hur kan vägledare arbeta med elever på ett individuellt alternativ? 4) Hur kan elever uppleva det att gå på programmet utifrån begreppen stigmatisering och känsla av sammanhang? Vi använder oss av Goffmans teori om stigmatisering och Antonovskys teori om KASAM; känsla av sammanhang. Vi har valt dessa teorier för att vi tycker att begreppen stigmatisering och KASAM är viktiga för personer med ADHD. Vi gör en kvalitativ undersökning med intervju som metod där vi utgår ifrån en standardiserad intervjuguide. Huvudresultatet i undersökningen är att ett individuellt alternativ för elever med neuropsykiatriska funktionshinder innebär ett program där möjligheten finns att individanpassa skolgången i så stor utsträckning att eleverna upplever sin skolgång som meningsfull.

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26

Junga, Přemysl. "Analýza dopadu zavedení regulačního poplatku na délku pobytu v nemocnici." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114453.

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The thesis analyses the influence of reimbursement regulatory fee for hospitalization which was introduced in regional hospitals in 2009 in Czech Republic. The difference in difference analysis was used to research the possible relationship between reimbursement of the fee and length of hospitalization in acute care hospitals and in after-care facilities. In acute care the influence was 0,5-1 % of the length and in after-care facilities between 8-12 %. This relationship may be biased because of introduction of DRG system which may decrease the length of stay and may be differently distributed between treatment and control group.

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27

Goedhart, Eva Govinda. "Explicit bounds for linear difference equations /." Electronic thesis, 2005. http://etd.wfu.edu/theses/available/etd-05102005-222845/.

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28

Furlan, Benjamin, Martin Gächter, Bob Krebs, and Harald Oberhofer. "Democratization and real exchange rates." Wiley, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12088.

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In this article, we combine two so far separate strands of the economic literature and argue that democratization leads to a real exchange rate appreciation. We test this hypothesis empirically for a sample of countries observed from 1980 to 2007 by combining a difference-in-difference approach with propensity score matching estimators. Our empirical results reveal a strong and significant finding: democratization causes real exchange rates to appreciate. Consequently, the ongoing process of democratization observed in many parts of the world is likely to reduce exchange rate distortions.

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Heaton, Celayne. "'Our differences don't make a difference' : practising 'civil society' in Nepal's non-governmental sector." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248954.

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Walker, Taylor M. "Practicing Medicine in Underserved Areas: Differences that Make a Difference in Vocational Anticipatory Socialization." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1627574067134105.

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Walker, Taylor M. "Practicing Medicine in Underserved Areas: Differences that Make a Difference in Vocational Anticipatory Socialization." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1627574067134105.

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陳偉僑 and Wai-kiu Chan. "Perfect arrays and menon difference sets." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3121017X.

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Chan, Wai-kiu. "Perfect arrays and menon difference sets /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13212485.

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Clark, Cathy Ann. "Global behavior of nonlinear difference equations /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2004. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3135898.

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石井, 秀宗, 和央安永, ヌヌカイ, Hidetoki ISHII, Kazuhiro YASUNAGA, and Nu Nu KHAING. "The role of gender, age, and ethnicity in spatial test performance of Myanmar middle school students." 名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/19522.

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36

Fraisse, Geneviève. "La difference des sexes recherches sur une forme de la connaissance." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0110.

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Penser la difference des sexes ne releve d'aucun champ de recherche deja constitue. En philosophie, la difference des sexes n'est pas reconnue comme objet philosophique. La recherche menee depuis plus de vingt ans a eu pour objectif de produire des elements de savoir propres a constituer ce champ. En traversant l'histoire de la pensee feministe de l'epoque contemporaine j'ai tente de repondre a des questions de definition: definition de la raison des femmes, de la citoyennete moderne, de l'emancipation politique. Faire l'histoire de la pensee renvoyait alors necessairemment a une lecture genealogique de la modernite: il fallait comprendre l'exclusion des femmes de la respublica au lendemain de la revolution francaise, voir l'enchainement logique de leur inclusion, et deceler l'issue de cette dynamique sous le terme de "discrimination". La lecture de la modernite indique clairement la difficulte a donner un contenu au mot "egalite" des sexes. Or l'analyse de la modernite permet aussi de lire attentivement les philosophes. Avec le savoir historique et son analyse politique, l'abord de la philosophie de ces deux derniers siecles montre comment la difference des sexes intervient dans le travail de la pensee: "la question des femmes" et de leur egalite renvoie les philosophes a une lucidite des enjeux tres interessante; plus meme, la difference des sexes apparait comme un operateur non negligeable dans la dynamique de la fin de la metaphysique. Penser la difference des sexes peut ainsi devenir un objectif philosophique. La reprise de la tradition explique comment l'eros et l'amour tinrent lieu d'une pensee sur les sexes, et indique par la meme la double place de la difference des sexes dans l'histoire de la pensee: comme difference premiere a partir de quoi l'humanite se pense, comme un moyen d'echange dans la pensee. Ainsi la difference sexuelle est non pas ce qui est pense, mais ce avec et a partir de quoi on pense. L'ensemble de mes travaux releve d'une recherche d'intelligibilite, construction d'un champ epistemologique et genealogie de la modernite
The notion of sexual difference does not belong to an already constituted field of research. In philosophy, it is not recognized as a philosophical object. In the last twenty years, my research's main objective has been the production of the epistemological conditions necessary for the constitution of such a field. Through the history of modern and contemporary feminist thought i have tried to answer questions of definition: the definitions of women's reason, of modern citizenship, of political emancipation. Dealing with the history of thought requires a genealogical reading of modernity: my purpose was to understand how women have been excluded from the res publica in the wake of the french revolution, and then how they have been at the same time included and discriminated against. My reading of modernity clearly shows how difficult it is to give a content to the notion of "equality" of the sexes. My analysis of modernity also allows and calls for an attentive reading of the major philosophers. Such a reading shows how the difference of the sexes intervenes in the very process of philosophical thought: the "women's question" raises interesting stakes for philosophers, while the difference of the sexes appears as an important operator in the dynamic process of the end of metaphysics. Thinking through the difference of the sexes thus becomes a philosophical objective. Western philosophical tradition both shows how eros and love have been used as a way to think about the sexes and, consequently, how philosophy has envisaged the place of sexual difference in its own history. In fact, the difference of the sexes intervenes in two ways in philosophical thought: first as a primal difference through which humanity thinks about itself, and second as a means of exchange within thought itself. For philosophers, sexual difference is thus not an object of thought but rather an origin and a means through which thought is produced

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Ampadu, Ebenezer. "Implementation of some finite difference methods for the pricing of derivatives using C++ programming." Link to electronic thesis, 2007. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-051807-164436/.

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MARCETTEAU, MARIE CHARLO. "Robert musil et otto weininger : difference raciale et difference sexuelle dans l'homme sans qualites." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070065.

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Un meme "paysage spirituel" est presuppose chez musil et chez weininger: celui de la vienne "fin de siecle" et celui (dans le cas de musil) des annees vingt, epoques d'intense reflexion sur la question feminine et sur la question raciale. Cette situation commune autorise une mise en regard des deux oeuvres: elle permet de lire l'homme sans qualites a la lumiere de concepts presents dans sexe et et caractere de weininger (type, caractere, race, pole. . . ) ainsi que de rechercher le sens donne a la "difference" chez musil et weininger. Ainsi trouve-t-on chez eux l'idee d'une difference irreductible entre les etres, qui s'exprime dans la difference raciale et dans la difference sexuelle, principales expressions d'une "scission". Une meme volonte d'effacement des differences se manifeste: effacer les "qualites" limitatives incarnees par le juif et la femme signifiera mettre fin aux "etats separes". Parmi ces tentatives de rachat de "l'accident initial", citons chez musil le recours a l'instinct et a l'ame dont la feminite et la race peuvent etre l'expression, a la nation, a la violence, a la folie et enfin a "l'union substantielle du frere et de la soeur". Cependant le sens de cette "difference" - qu'elle soit sexuelle ou raciale- ne se limite pas a cette "scission" qui devait se "depasser". Les notions de "type ideal" chez weininger et "d'intellectuellement typique" chez musil sont la pour le rappeller. . .

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39

Sjölén, Gustafsson Markus. "Difference and social cohesion : A Study of Different Identities' Effect on Societal Cohesiveness." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355541.

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This paper has had the ambition to answer the question does people’s perception of group difference affect their sense of societal cohesiveness? Using survey data from a Swedish 2015 study conductedby the SOM-institute this study looks at people living in Sweden’s perceptions of differentgroup identities to see which elements come at play in forming an over-all sense of societal cohesion.This study combines theories on social capital in relation to group identities to create anadvanced model to test the data in. The analysis confirmed that people’s discernment of other groups indeed affects the level of societal cohesiveness, and that respondents who felt a stronger emotional connection towards groups with another economy, education and culture were more likely to feel like a part of the Swedish society and to be more trusting of others.

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40

Gustafsson, Peter, and Anders Hed. "Är det efternamnet eller prestationerna som avgör betyget? : Om etnisk diskriminering vid jämförelser av betyg före och efter anonymiseringen av salstentamina vid Stockholms universitet." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-101161.

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Studiens syfte är att undersöka om det förekommer etnisk diskriminering vid bedömningar av salstentamina. Vi frågar om studenters prestationer bedöms olika på grund av etnisk tillhörighet och om graden av etnisk diskriminering skiljer sig mellan kvinnor och män. Stockholms universitet införde anonyma salstentamina höstterminen 2009 med undantag för juridiska fakulteten som tillämpat anonyma tentamina sedan 1999. Vi använder data bestående av betygslistor från tre stora delkurser inom ämnena juridik, nationalekonomi och statsvetenskap vid Stockholms universitet som sträcker sig från höstterminen 2007 till och med vårterminen 2013 (N=12014). Etnicitet har klassificerats utifrån studenternas efternamn. Vår empiriska strategi för att mäta diskriminering baseras på en design som kallas difference-in-difference-in-difference där vi jämför den genomsnittliga förändringen i sannolikheten att antingen bli minst godkänd eller erhålla ett högre betyg före och efter anonymiseringen mellan studenter med skandinaviska och utomskandinaviska efternamn. Vi inkluderar jurister som kontrollgrupp i syfte att kontrollera för betygstrender som sker oberoende av anonymiseringen. I genomsnitt sjönk betygsmedelvärdena i samband med anonymiseringen, framförallt blir det svårare att erhålla ett högt betyg. En tänkbar förklaring till resultaten är att relationen mellan examinator och student distanseras ytterligare vid en anonymisering vilket leder till en mer strikt bedömning. Mot förväntan indikerar resultaten att anonymiseringen har en negativ effekt för manliga studenter med utomskandinaviska efternamn omvänd diskriminering utövas mot manliga studenter med utomskandinaviska efternamn vid en icke-anonym bedömning. Detta förklarades till stor del av att män inom kontrollgruppen med utomskandinaviska efternamn förbättrade sina resultat i samma tidsperiod. Vi finner även att kvinnor med skandinaviska namn i genomsnitt minskar sin sannolikhet att bli väl godkända. Den negativa effekten av anonymiseringen är dock inte signifikant skild mellan kvinnor och män. Resultaten antyder att diskriminering är ett kontextbaserat fenomen.

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41

Chandler, LeAnn. "Gender difference and test anxiety." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2006. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=631.

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42

Geske, Ulrich, and Hans-Joachim Goltz. "Efficiency of difference-list programming." Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4156/.

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The difference-list technique is described in literature as effective method for extending lists to the right without using calls of append/3. There exist some proposals for automatic transformation of list programs into differencelist programs. However, we are interested in construction of difference-list programs by the programmer, avoiding the need of a transformation step. In [GG09] it was demonstrated, how left-recursive procedures with a dangling call of append/3 can be transformed into right-recursion using the unfolding technique. For simplification of writing difference-list programs using a new cons/2 procedure was introduced. In the present paper, we investigate how efficieny is influenced using cons/2. We measure the efficiency of procedures using accumulator technique, cons/2, DCG’s, and difference lists and compute the resulting speedup in respect to the simple procedure definition using append/3. Four Prolog systems were investigated and we found different behaviour concerning the speedup by difference lists. A result of our investigations is, that an often advice given in the literature for avoiding calls append/3 could not be confirmed in this strong formulation.

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43

Postell, Floyd Vince. "High order finite difference methods." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28876.

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44

Blacklaw, Grant Andrew. "Permutations, loops and difference sets." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406303.

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Lemoir, Vivienne. "Difference and disclosure in supervision." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599887.

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The first paper is a systematic review of 12 qualitative studies to determine what factors are important in facilitating multicultural clinical supervision. Key themes included self-disclosure, knowledge and learning, acknowledging cultural issues and making them explicit, non-endorsement of stereotypic and/or prejudiced assumptions and behaviours, creating a safe space, developing personal awareness of identity and views, and listening to and respecting different perspectives. The qualitative literature exploring supervisors' and supervisees' experiences improves our understanding of how to promote effective multicultural supervision. A supervisory relationship in which supervisees feel safe to be open and honest about issues of culture, diversity and difference is a key factor in facilitating multicultural clinical supervision. The second paper focussed on the area of openness and honesty, and aimed specifically to gain an understanding of UK trainee clinical psychologists' experiences of (non)disclosure within the supervisory relationship. Twelve participants were recruited from five clinical psychology training courses in England. Semi-structured interviews were audiotaped and transcribed by the researcher. Data were analysed systematically using modified grounded theory, and a model of(non)disclosure developed. The supervisory relationship played a crucial role in either facilitating or hindering trainees' sense that it was safe to disclose. Developing a trusting relationship was particularly important when disclosure was perceived as difficult. Trainees who felt that disclosure could not be utilised safely, experienced a negative impact on learning and often sought support from other sources. Trainees' experiences of supervisors' response to disclosure had a significant impact on disclosure values and therefore their willingness to disclose in future supervisory relationships.

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Richards, Dueretta Angela. "Sameness and difference in therapy." Thesis, City University London, 2003. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8409/.

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There has been much anecdotal and theoretical material concerning the impact of `race' on therapy in Britain, especially with regards to therapeutic outcomes. The three studies presented in this thesis empirically investigated the notion that premature termination in counselling, and apparently shorter duration of therapeutic treatment, amongst British Black clients is a function of lack of ethnic matching with a Black counsellor; and that racial identity attitudes may help provide some light on this attendance pattern of Black people. Results from SGlindicated that Black people had an appropriate appreciation of the uses and benefits of counselling; that over two-thirds of Black individuals would consider receiving counselling for their problems; and, when asked directly, a statistically significant amount of Black respondents stated that if they were to see a counsellor, they would prefer to see a racially similar counsellor. However, when `race' was not mentioned, this preference was not significant. Analysis of archival material of former clients ('SG2'), did not find a significant difference between Black and White samples in teens of premature termination of counselling or with regards to length of treatment. Similarly, no significant difference was found in terms of dropout rates between those Black clients who were ethnically matched with a Black counsellor and those who were not. The RIAS revealed low item reliability for the British sample in SG3. It was concluded that counsellors should take account of the heterogeneous nature of `Black' people as a group and not automatically presume that a Black client will prefer a Black counsellor, but to explore this with each Black client. Other implications for therapists are considered and recommendations for further research are made.

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Kuryazov, Dilshodbek [Verfasser]. "Model Difference Representation / Dilshodbek Kuryazov." Düren : Shaker, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198600136/34.

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Leask, Ian Albert. "Identity and difference : Platonism reassessed." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387892.

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Vasu, Norman. "Diasporas in multiculturalism : managing difference." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/2ab7486f-8a2f-4698-919b-5c414d36b27e.

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Motivated by the desire to see a world living up to the ideal of harmonious multicultural communities, this thesis critically assesses two contemporary approaches to multiculturalism, namely Liberalism 1 and 2. The central argument forwarded here is that although Liberalism 1 and 2 are commendable approaches to the management of difference in a polity, they are unable to secure long-term intergroup harmony owing to the static understanding of identity that underpins both approaches. To highlight the shortcomings of Liberalism 1 and 2, this thesis examines the relationship between Diasporas and more sessile communities. Diasporas have been specifically selected for this purpose for two reasons. Firstly, most comprehensive discussions on multiculturalism have not employed the experience of diasporas in their research. Secondly, as the number of diasporas are set to grow and as the term is traditionally used in a negative way in reference to a `difficult' minority, there is a need to examine approaches towards multiculturalism through diasporic eyes. Evaluation of the three diasporic experiences of the Chinese, Africans and Jews in both Liberalism I and 2 has supported the main argument of the thesis. All three experiences have revealed that Liberalism 1 and 2 are unable to attain their long-term goals for multiculturalism due to three difficulties that stem from their static notion of identity. (1) Both positions foreclose the possibility for long-term harmony in a multicultural polity due to an overly pessimistic approach to the management of difference. Due to this foreclosure, predictions of conflict unwittingly prove to be true. (2) Liberalism 1 is overly reliant on constant but unachievable enforcement with its difference-blind approach to the management of difference. (3) The need for Liberalism 2 to compartmentalise individuals into distinct groups leads to the perpetuation of stereotypes while also denying individuals the opportunity to redefine themselves.

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Milevska, Suzana. "Gender difference in the Balkans." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2005. http://research.gold.ac.uk/12702/.

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This dissertation deals with the issue of gender difference in the Balkans. In order to evade the many assumptions and presumptions that posit gender difference in the Balkan region as being necessarily subsumed to established orders and regimes of representation, this dissertation focuses on an array of visual materials. This singular material consists of nineteenth and twentieth century photographs, and a series of contemporary art works (objects, installations, videos, etc.) This material draws attention to overlooked images of women (some of them taken by women) that resist the logic and rhetoric of the patriarchal order and emphasises the ambiguous rhetoric of gender difference within the field of representation in visual culture. The aim of this dissertation and of this collated visual material is to challenge and deconstruct the problematic understanding of institutional archives as places dedicated to guarding and preserving the truth of written documents and visual imagery. Instead of focusing on the archive as the repository of truth (e. g. about national identity), I attempt to "perform" an archive of the act of becoming a different gender as a result of a way of acquiring knowledge and making art that is specific to the Balkans. The main argument is that gender difference is the product of a discourse that is not necessarily constituted out of a negative differentiation of the subject. This act of becoming one's gender through difference can stem from other patterns and relationships towards the state and the dominant regimes of representation that infiltrate art and visual culture. The relationship between a conventional understanding of gender difference and a discourse stemming from the acquisition of gender difference is what I call the "becoming of gender difference" The overarching concept put forward to support this argument is the neither. This concept, explored throughout this dissertation, enables the deconstruction of pre-existing discursive figures of alterity already used in non-western cultures and an up dated discussion of the specificities of gender difference in the Balkans.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Difference'

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