Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Diet – Environmental aspects'
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Li, Ying Chun 1972. "Modeling the Inuit diet to minimize contaminant while maintaining nutrient intakes." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101605.
Full textJanoco, Martin. "Evaluating the sustainability of vegetarian, vegan, and New Nordic diets in Sweden : Combining environmental and nutritional aspects." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-260278.
Full textAtt ändra det västerländska kostmönstret mot en hälsosammare diet med minskat intag av animaliska livsmedel är en allmänt erkänd strategi i den pågående ansträngningen för global hållbarhet. Eftersom djurfoder tenderar att ha stor miljöpåverkan, är vegetariska dieter ofta föreslagna som ett ekologiskt alternativ till den typiska västerländska kosten. Den låga summan av miljöpåverkan innebär emellertid inte nödvändigtvis att det är en hållbar diet. Hållbarhet omfattar många andra aspekter, såsom näringskrav, överkomlighet och kulturell acceptans. När det gäller avskaffandet av animaliska livsmedel bör i synnerhet hälsorelaterade aspekter beaktas eftersom vissa näringsämnen levereras primärt via animaliska produkter vilket kan leda till näringsbrist och potentiellt negativa hälsoeffekter på lång sikt. Eftersom dietens huvudsakliga funktion är tillförseln av (tillräcklig) näring, borde miljöpåverkan av dieter jämföras med hänsyn till deras näringskvalitet. I detta projekt bedöms miljöpåverkan med avseende på klimatförändringar, markanvändning, blått blåvattenavtryck och biologisk mångfaldskador för fyra dieter tillsammans med deras näringsbehov och ekonomiska kostnader. De fyra bedömda kostvanorna är: en genomsnittlig svensk diet, ny nordisk kost, vegetarisk kost och vegansk kost. Miljöpåverkan normaliseras med ett näringsrikt diettvärde (NRD) för att jämföra effekterna av dieter i förhållande till deras näringskvalitet. Vegansk diet, följt av vegetarisk kost, resulterade i den lägsta övergripande effekten, med undantag för blå vattenavtryck, men normaliseringen med NRD-poäng minskade de relativa skillnaderna mellan den nya nordiska, vegetariska och veganska dieterna. Vidare visade näringsvärderingen ett potentiellt ohållbart intag av vitamin D för vegetarianer och vit. D och B12 för veganer, vilket inte korrekt återspeglas I det näringsmässiga kvalitetsresultatet. Ändå är användningen av näringsvärdet ganska enkelt och ger möjlighet att koppla den hälsorelaterade aspekten av dieter till deras miljöpåverkan. Genom att kombinera indikatorer för andra hållbarhetsaspekter, såsom den ekonomiska, kan denna metod erbjuda en mer holistisk bild av dieters hållbarhet.
Ostertag, Sonja. "Estimated dietary exposure to perfluorinated compounds in Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112549.
Full textPFCs were detected in eight composite food samples from the Canadian TDS and in 61 traditional food samples. Elevated concentrations of PFCs were found in caribou liver (6.2+/-5.5 ng/g), ringed seal liver (7.7, 10.2 ng/g), polar bear meat (7.0 ng/g), beluga meat (7.0, 5.8 ng/g), luncheon meats (5.02 ng/g), cookies (2.7 ng/g), processed cheese (2.1 ng/g) and peppers (1.8 ng/g). Low levels of total PFCs (<1.5 ng/g) were measured in 41 traditional foods including: meat (caribou, ptarmigan, snow goose, bearded seal, walrus, black duck), berries, and fish (lake trout, arctic char). PFCs were not detected in beverages, unprocessed meats, breads, cereals and fruits from the TDS composite samples analyzed.
The ranges of estimated daily exposure to PFCs were between 2 and 59 ng-person-1 and 210 to 610 ng-person-1 for average Canadians and Inuit in Nunavut respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in mean PFC exposure levels for different age and gender groups in the general Canadian population. Inuit men in the 41 to 60 year old age group had statistically significantly higher estimated daily exposure to PFCs (p<0.05) than younger men and women from the same age group. This higher exposure was associated with the consumption of beluga muktuk, caribou liver and bearded seal intestine.
Traditional foods contributed a higher percentage to PFC exposure than market foods in all age and gender groups for the Inuit population. In general, caribou meat, arctic char meat and cookies contributed most to dietary exposure for Inuit, with caribou flesh contributing 43 to 75 percent to daily PFC dietary exposure. Dietary exposure for the general Canadian population was associated with the consumption of cakes and cookies, processed cheese, and regular cheese.
Levels of dietary exposure to PFCs estimated in these studies do not pose any significant health risk to either population based on current toxicological information.
MacIntosh, John 1967. "The influence of heavy metals on the diet changes of Neoperla (Plecoptera) in the northwest Miramichi River, New Brunswick /." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79038.
Full textWaddington, Kris Ian. "Diet and trophic role of western rock lobsters (Panulirus cygnus George) in temperate Western Australian deep-coastal ecosystems (35-60m)." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0035.
Full textKim, Christine Ji-Hyun. "Assessment of cadmium intake from the consumption of traditional food in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23902.
Full textChitongo, Rumbidzai. "Antibiotics in the Diep River and potential abatement using grape slurry waste." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2575.
Full textPharmaceuticals have found extensive application in human health management. They are released into the environment through urine, excreta and inappropriate disposal methods. Residues of pharmaceutical products have been reported to show toxic consequences in some freshwater and marine organisms. Antibiotics are one of the most important groups of common human pharmaceuticals widely in use as prescribed and non-prescribed drugs. Antibiotics and their metabolites have been quantitated in water and found in trace levels. But even at such low concentrations they can maintain high biological activities with potential adverse effects on humans and animals. Unfortunately, many pharmaceutical compounds are resistant to breakdown in the environment, hence they have tendency for environmental magnification, since they are designed to be biologically active. Therefore, there is need to evaluate their environmental levels and their possible abatement methods using simple, cheap and low cost techniques, in order to avert their potential toxic consequences. In this research, a cost effective, robust, selective and rugged method for the analysis of antibiotics in water samples using liquid chromatography was developed, and used for monitoring levels of the selected antibiotics in Diep River. Also, an effective remediation procedure for these contaminants in water was developed using activated carbon produced from grape slurry waste.
Chu, Fong Lam 1976. "Total toxaphene and specific congeners in Inuit foods and diets." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33732.
Full textCochlan, William Patrick. "Nitrogen uptake by marine phytoplankton : the effects of irradiance, nitrogen supply and diel periodicity." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30628.
Full textScience, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate
Saavedra, Aracelli Pinelli. "Vitamin E and vitamin C supplementation of sows in a hot environment : effects on reproductive performance, piglet tissue levels and aspects of immune status." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369542.
Full textBorucki, Castro Sylvia Irene. "Altering electrolyte balance of diets for lactating dairy cows to reduce phosphorus excretion to the environment." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78324.
Full textFagbayigbo, Bamidele Oladapo. "Perfluorooctane acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in the Plankenburg (Stellenbosch) and Diep (Milnerton) Rivers, and potential remediation using vitis vinifera leaf litter." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2668.
Full textThis study represents the first monitoring campaign to assess the seasonal trend of nine perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in surface water and sediment from the Plankenburg and Diep Rivers in the Western Cape, South Africa. An analytical protocol was developed and validated for qualitative and quantitative routine determination of nine perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), in water and sediment samples using Ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quadrupole time of flight (UPLC-QTOF-MS). This method was applied to determine levels of PFOA and PFOS in environmental samples. Samples were collected along the Diep (Milnerton) and Plankenburg (Stellenbosch) Rivers respectively. Samples were pre-treated, cleaned-up and extracted using solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedures with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) C-18 cartridges. Seasonal variation and distribution of PFCs in surface water and sediment was also investigated. Levels of PFCs were monitored in four seasons (summer, autumn, winter and spring) to establish their trend in the environment. The removal of PFOA and PFOS from aqueous solutions using agro-waste biomass of Vitis vinifera (grape) leaf litter was also studied. Activated carbons were produced from the biomass and chemical activation achieved with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) for the modification of the carbons’ (AC-H3PO4 and AC-KOH respectively). Activated carbons were characterized using Fourier Transform infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) in order to understand the removal mechanisms of the contaminants by activated carbons. The effects of solution concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and the temperature were optimized for evaluation of the removal efficiency of the activated carbons. Adsorption isotherm models were used to analyze the equilibrium data obtained and kinetic models were applied to study sorption mechanisms. A fixed bed column study was conducted using: AC-H3PO4 adsorbent. Experimental parameters such as initial concentration of the solution, column bed height, flow rate and initial concentrations of the influent were optimized to establish the best adsorption efficiency parameters of the column system. Breakthrough curve and exhaustion time were predicted using Adam-Bohart, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models for the fixed bed column under varying experimental conditions.
Wickramasinghe, Kremlin. "Quantifying the impact of policies addressing sustainable and healthy diets." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711872.
Full textMudumbi, John-Baptist Nzukizi. "Perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate contamination of riparian wetlands of the Eerste, Diep and Salt Rivers." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2017.
Full textPerfluorinated compounds (PFCs), in particular perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) have been found in aquatic environments throughout the world. Recent studies have reported that owing to their bioaccumulative nature, PFCs may also be present in various water sources, resulting in human and wild-life exposure. Although, these PFCs usually occur at low concentration levels, their presence in the environment has nevertheless been a concern in both developed and developing countries, since water remains an important natural resource for most living species. Water and sediment from rivers are one of the matrices in which PFC contamination is studied, since rivers receive water from various sources. However, limited studies have been conducted in South Africa on PFC contamination of river water and sediments. Although PFCs are sometimes unintentionally released into the environment, the concentration and type of PFCs that contaminate water sources vary among countries and depend on the types of industry releasing them into the environment, suggesting that PFC contamination patterns can be expected to differ from country to country, with PFOA and PFOS being the predominant perfluorinated contaminants. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the concentration of PFOS and PFOA in riparian wetlands of the Western Cape, focusing on the Eerste, Diep and Salt rivers, which are the primary rivers in the largest catchment areas of the Western Cape, South Africa.
Erasmus, Deborah Vivian. "Metal bioaccumulation, membrane integrity and chlorophyll content in the aquatic macrophyte ceratophyllum demersum from the Diep River, Western Cape." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2027.
Full textThe Diep River is approximately 80 km in length and runs through agricultural land and urban parts of greater Cape Town, South Africa before entering the Atlantic Ocean, via an estuary. Generally, metal pollution in South African rivers is not well documented and using plants to monitor metal bioaccumulation is even less documented. The aim of this study was to investigate aluminium, iron, copper and zinc metal pollution in the Diep River and bioaccumulation of these metals in the leaves and stems of the submerged macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum L. Furthermore, the effects of bioaccumulated metals on membrane integrity and chlorophyll content of these plants were investigated. Site 1 was situated in the upper reaches of the river adjacent to agricultural land, while site 2 was in an urban area, where industrial activities predominate. C. demersum (from an uncontaminated source) were introduced into the river at the two sites and compared with one another on a fortnightly basis over a 12 week period. Plants at site 2 were also compared to existing plants that were naturally growing at the site. Comparisons were also made between leaves and stems of the plants, to establish the organ of preference regarding metal accumulation and storage. Samples were digested with nitric acid and an ICP-MS was used to analyse metal concentrations in the water, sediment and plants. Chlorophyll extraction was done using dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and the absorbance values determined using a spectrophotometer. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents were recorded and compared. Cell membrane integrity was determined by leaving plants for 24 hours in deionised water and measuring electrical conductivity and solutes (sodium, calcium, potassium and magnesium) before and after placement of the plants.
Gore, Asa M. "The effect of soybean oil in starter diets on nursery air quality and performance of weanling pigs." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53072.
Full textMaster of Science
Ayeni, Olutoyosi Olaide. "An investigation into the effect of metals on chlorophyll content and photosynthesis activity of the wetland plant phragmites australis in the lower Diep River, Milnerton, Cape Town." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2016.
Full textA study involving a wetland plant, common reed (Phragmites australis L.) was carried out along the bank of the lower Diep River and the adjacent soil samples from four different sites (Milnerton Lagoon, Lower Estuary, Milnerton Bowling Club and Woodbridge Island), Cape Town, South Africa. The aim was to determine the extent of metal contamination and its impact on physiological indices. Results showed that among the metals evaluated, AI and Fe were consistently higher in all the soil samples (from both river bank and the adjacent soil) followed by Zn, Mn, Pb, Cu, Cd, Co, Cr and Ni. The concentrations of AI in the river banks ranged between 1214.1 - 3176 mg.kg-1 compared with the adjacent soils, where AI concentration ranged from 434.8 - 2445.4 mg.kq". The Fe concentrations from the river bank values ranged from 1136.4 - 4897.2 mg.kg-1 compared with Fe concentrations of the adjacent soil samples which ranged from 402.2 - 2459.8 mg.kg-1 . Generally, Zn ranged from 2.4 - 211.5 mq.kq"; Mn: 5.5 - 48.05 mg.kq': Pb: 0.97 - 71.7 mg.kq"; Cu: 0.3 - 45.9 mg.kq'; Cd: 0.0 - 9.3 mg.kq": Co: 0.2 - 2.7 mg.kq': Cr: 0.3 - 2.1 mg.kg-1 ; and Ni: 0.02 - 2.6 mg.kg-1. Overall, Ni had the lovest concentrations in the ecosystem. Results also showed that the abundance of metals from plant samples were in the order of AI > Pb > Cd > Co > Ni > Cr; and for micronutrients, Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu both in the shoots and roots sampled from all the sites investigated. The values of chlorophylls a, b and total chlorophyll as well as photosynthesis were significantly higher in the P. australis plant samples and from the adjacent soil compared with those from the river bank. These results suggest that contamination of soils and wetland ecosystem by metals over and above plant requirements may affect the chlorophyll and photosynthesis rate of the plant thereby undermining the physiological functioning of plants growing along river systems.
Eagan, April Hurst. "Heritage and Health: A Political-Economic Analysis of the Foodways of the Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah and the Bishop Paiute Tribe." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/685.
Full textRamsey, Sheryll Elaine. "The effect of selected health, environmental, and socioeconomic variables on energy and protein intake in the Dominican Republic." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27523.
Full textMadad, Leila. "The interaction of intrauterine environment and diet on the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150619.
Full textWalburger, Kenric. "The effects of timber harvest and herbivory on understory vegetation and composition of beef cattle diets on forested rangelands." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29756.
Full textHale, V. Cody. "Beyond the paired-catchment approach : isotope tracing to illuminate stocks, flows, transit time, and scaling." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26625.
Full textGraduation date: 2012
Joseph, Rowena Yasmin. "A gestalt approach in using music with the emotionally traumatized child." Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1785.
Full textVerskeie van die geraadpleegde bronne in die literatuurhoofstukke verteenwoordig klassieke werke wat nie binne die erkende periode vir relevante wetenskaplike navorsing val nie. Die oorsprong van die Gestalt Filosofie wat in hierdie studie benut is, word in hierdie klassieke werke gevind en is ook in hierdie werke geraadpleeg
The Gestalt approach was used as the contextual framework to explore how music can be used as a therapeutic medium in the treatment of the emotionally traumatized child. Music as a sensory experience was used during the therapeutic process with each case study, to facilitate the child's process towards healing. The conceptual framework of music as a therapeutic medium was researched in depth to bring clarity to the influence it has on the emotional well-being of the child. The child who entered into therapy was selected according to specific criteria, with the experience of emotional trauma being priority. The researcher also studied the concept of emotional trauma in depth and the consequences it has on a child's overall functional ability. Music was used as an expressive technique during the therapeutic process with each child. The conclusion drawn from this study indicated that the gestalt approach can be applied effectively in using music as a therapeutic medium in the treatment of the emotionally traumatized child.
Die Gestalt benadering is gebruik in hierdie navorsing ten einde 'n kontekstuele raamwerk daar te stel waarbinne musiek as terapeutiese medium in die behandeling van emosionele trauma in kinders gebruik kon word. Musiek kan beskryf word as 'n sensoriese ervaring. Hierdie sensoriese ervaring is binne die terapeutiese proses toegepas ten einde die kind se herstelproses te fasiliteer. Die studie is binne die navorsingskonteks van gevallestudieprosedures gedoen. Musiek is binne die konseptuele raamwerk bestudeer en nagevors ten einde die terapeutiese waarde daarvan in diepte te ondersoek. Hierdie in-diepte ondersoek het aan die navorser 'n duidelike beeld gegee hoe dit toegepas kon word in terapie. Deur dit toe te pas in terapie is die invloed van musiek op die emosionele welsyn van die getraumatiseerde kind gedokumenteer. Die navorsingskriteria vir insluiting in die ondersoek was gegrond op die literatuurondersoek en het onder meer die belewing van trauma ingesluit. Die belewing van emosionele trauma en invloed op die kind se geheelfunksionering was dus 'n verdere eenheid van ontleding en is in diepte deur die navorser bestudeer. Musiek is dus gebruik as 'n ekspressiewe tegniek tydens die terapeutiese proses met elke gevallestudie. Die gevolgtrekking waartoe in hierdie studie gekom kon word is dat musiek binne die konteks van die gestalt benadering suksesvol in die hantering van emosionele trauma by die kind gebruik kan word.
Practical Theology
M.Diac. (Play Therapy)