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Books on the topic 'Diet during pregnancy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 25 April 2022

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1

Sweeney, Alison. The mommy diet: A month-by-month plan for a healthy body and mind before, during and after pregnancy. New York: Gallery Books, 2011.

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2

Si, Kamen, and Kamen Betty, eds. Total nutrition during pregnancy: How to make sure you and your baby are eating the right stuff. New Canaan, Conn: Keats Pub., 1986.

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3

Swinney, Bridget. Eating expectantly: Practical advice for healthy eating before, during and after pregnancy. 4th ed. El Paso, Tex: Healthy Food Zone, 2013.

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4

Control, Institute of Medicine (U S. ). Subcommittee on Nutrition and Diarrheal Diseases. Nutrition issues in developing countries: Part I, diarrheal diseases, part II, diet and activity during pregnancy and lactation. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1992.

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5

Jones, Isabel. Pregnancy Diet: A Complete Guide to Healthy and Nutritional Diet During Pregnancy. Independently Published, 2020.

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6

Weijohn, Terrilee T. Perceptions about weight gain and diet during pregnancy among WIC clients. 1989.

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7

Gluckman, Sir Peter, Mark Hanson, Chong Yap Seng, and Anne Bardsley. Macronutrients and fibre requirements during pregnancy. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722700.003.0004.

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In this chapter, the impact of varying intakes of protein, carbohydrate and lipids, which are the key nutrients that contribute to calorie intake, is examined. Fibre is also an important food component that needs to be considered. The maternal macronutrient profile can influence embryonic and fetal development. For instance, both low and excessively high protein intakes during pregnancy are associated with restricted growth, increased adiposity, and impaired glucose tolerance. High-fat maternal diets can significantly increase the susceptibility to diet-induced obesity and percentage total body fat in offspring, although types of fats need to be considered, as intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids is important for fetal development. The type and content of carbohydrate (high- vs low-glycaemic sources) in the maternal diet influences blood glucose concentration, which has a direct effect on fetal glucose levels and metabolism.

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8

Grant, Amanda. Healthy Eating for Pregnancy: The Complete Guide to a Healthy Diet Before, During and After Pregnancy. MITCH, 2003.

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9

Healthy Eating for Pregnancy: The Complete Guide to a Healthy Diet Before, During and After Pregnancy. MITCH, 2008.

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10

Pregnancy Diet and Cancer: A High Fat Diet During Pregnancy May Program Your Unborn Child for Cancer in Later Life. McCuaig Publishing Company, 1990.

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11

Alliance, Maternity, ed. Food for life: A woman's guide to food and diet before, during and after pregnancy. London: Maternity Alliance, 1996.

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12

Medforth, Janet, Linda Ball, Angela Walker, Sue Battersby, and Sarah Stables. Health advice in pregnancy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754787.003.0005.

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This chapter begins with a discussion of the concepts of fetal programming and epigenetics and the relevance of both to health advice in pregnancy. The topics of smoking (including e-cigarettes), alcohol intake, diet and nutrition, weight gain, body mass index, food safety, folic acid, iron and vitamin D supplementation, nut allergies, exercise, and employment during pregnancy are each covered in depth. The current advice and guidance which should be given to women and their families during pregnancy relative to each topic are also discussed.

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13

Nutrition Issues in Developing Countries: Part I: Diarrheal Diseases, Part II: Diet and Activity During Pregnancy and Lactation. National Academies Press, 1992.

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14

Gluckman, Sir Peter, Mark Hanson, Chong Yap Seng, and Anne Bardsley. Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722700.003.0013.

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Vitamin B12 is required for the synthesis of fatty acids and myelin and so is crucial for normal neurological function and maintenance of the CNS. In conjunction with folate, it is involved in red blood cell formation and DNA synthesis, and in embryogenesis, it is important for proper neural tube formation and brain development. Maternal intake during pregnancy is important, as only newly absorbed vitamin B12, and not that stored in the maternal liver, is concentrated in the placenta. Despite the active transfer during pregnancy, the vitamin B12 content in the newborn is low, and the infant is dependent on breast milk for ongoing needs. Pregnant and lactating women should ensure that their diet contains sufficient (animal) sources of vitamin B12; those consuming vegan or strict vegetarian diets should either take vitamin B12 supplements or seek foods that have been fortified with vitamin B12.

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15

Gluckman, Peter, Mark Hanson, Chong Yap Seng, and Anne Bardsley. Nutrition and Lifestyle for Pregnancy and Breastfeeding. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722700.001.0001.

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Explaining the practical implications of new discoveries in 'life-course biology', Nutrition and Lifestyle for Pregnancy and Breastfeeding is an informed resource on factors that affect offspring development. The impact of parental lifestyle and behavioural choices influence not only foetal development and birth outcomes, but also postnatal development, yet guidance on appropriate diet, behaviour, and exposures during pregnancy is often confusing and contradictory. With accessible explanations of the latest scientific research, and clear summaries and recommendations, this online resource is a valuable and authoritative guide for all levels of health care providers. It provides an overview of the background evidence, highlighting the importance of lifestyle choices prior to and during pregnancy, and it includes in-depth discussions of nutritional and lifestyle factors that impact on pregnancy and offspring that are based on the latest research and exploration of key scientific studies.

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16

Gluckman, Sir Peter, Mark Hanson, Chong Yap Seng, and Anne Bardsley. Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722700.003.0008.

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Riboflavin is a cofactor for enzymes involved in energy generation, biosynthesis, detoxification, and electron-scavenging pathways, as well as in the metabolism of other B vitamins. Deficiency is rare in developed countries; it is encountered almost invariably in combination with deficit of other B vitamins in areas of poor overall nutrition. Deficiency is endemic in populations whose staple diet consists of rice and wheat, with low or no consumption of meat and dairy products. Infants of riboflavin-deficient mothers tend to be deficient themselves at birth and remain deficient through breastfeeding and weaning. To ensure adequate riboflavin supply in both mother and infant, an increase in dairy products and/or meat consumption, particularly during lactation, may be necessary in some women.

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17

Gluckman, Sir Peter, Mark Hanson, Chong Yap Seng, and Anne Bardsley. The importance of nutrition and lifestyle to healthy development. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722700.003.0001.

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Good fetal and infant nutrition, whether derived from the mother via the placenta during gestation or via breast milk after birth, consists of the macronutrients protein, carbohydrates, and fats, all of which are needed for building the fundamental components of the body, and micronutrients such as vitamins and trace elements, which are essential structural components and cofactors in metabolic processes. Understanding the concept of a ‘balanced diet’ and the implications of maternal body composition is critical for pregnant and breastfeeding women to ensure that their metabolic adaptation to pregnancy and lactation is appropriate and that their offspring gets the required nutrients in the appropriate amount and proportion to ensure optimal development. An unbalanced diet, or over- or under-nutrition, can increase the risks of low birthweight and gestational diabetes and result in unfavourable metabolic adjustments by the fetus.

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18

Gluckman, Sir Peter, Mark Hanson, Chong Yap Seng, and Anne Bardsley. Choline in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722700.003.0014.

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Choline is required for the structural integrity of cell membranes and is involved in methyl-group metabolism, neurotransmission, transmembrane signalling, and lipid and cholesterol transport and metabolism. Choline is critical during fetal and neonatal life to ensure optimal brain and cognitive development. There is an intersection of the pathways of choline, folate, and vitamin B12 in the formation of methionine from homocysteine. Maternal peri-conceptional deficiency for choline, like folate, is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects in the offspring. It is recommended that pregnant women do not restrict fat severely from their diets, as choline is derived from the lipid content of food. Strict vegetarian or vegan diets may be low in choline. The high secretion rate of choline into breast milk means that lactating women have a high demand, and multivitamins containing choline may be helpful for both pregnancy and breastfeeding.

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19

McLauchlin, J. Listeriosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0014.

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Listeriosis occurs in a variety of animals including humans, and most often affects the pregnant uterus, the central nervous system (CNS) or the bloodstream. During pregnancy, infection spreads to the foetus, which will either be born severely ill or die in-utero. In non-pregnant animals, listeriosis usually presents as meningitis, encephalitis. In humans, infection most often occurs in the immunocompromised and elderly, and to a lesser extent the pregnant woman, the unborn, or the newly delivered infant. Infection can be treated successfully with antibiotics, however 20–40% of human cases are fatal..In domestic animals (especially in sheep and goats) listeriosis usually presents as encephalitis, abortion, or septicaemia, and is a cause of considerable economic loss.The genus Listeria comprises six species of Gram-positive bacteria. Almost all cases of listeriosis are due to Listeria monocytogenes although up to 10% of cases in sheep are due to Listeria ivanovii.Listeriae are ubiquitous in the environment worldwide, especially in sites with decaying organic vegetable material. Many animals carry the organism in the faeces without serious infection. The consumption of contaminated food or feed is the principal route of transmission for both humans and animals, however other means of transmission occur.Human listeriosis is rare (<1 to > 10 cases per million people in North America and Western Europe), but because of the high mortality rate, it is amongst the most important causes of death from food-borne infections in industrialized countries. In the UK, human listeriosis is the biggest single cause of death from a preventable food-borne disease. Listeriosis in domestic animals is a cause of considerable economic loss. Control measures should be directed towards both to exclude Listeria from food or feed as well as inhibiting its multiplication and survival. Silage which is spoiled or mouldy should not be used, and care should be taken to maintain anaerobic conditions for as long as possible.Dietary advice is available for disease prevention, particularly targeted at ‘at risk’ individuals to modify their diet to avoid eating specific foods such as soft cheese and pâté.

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20

Mills, M. G. L., and M. E. J. Mills. Prey selection and the impact of cheetah predation on prey populations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198712145.003.0004.

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Small springbok lambs were killed more frequently than expected and large lambs and subadults in more or less expected proportions. Adults were killed less frequently than expected, although old animals, females in late pregnancy, and males were vulnerable. A similar selection process was observed in steenbok, except medium-sized lambs, not small lambs, were usually killed, and there was no selection for sex. Cheetah predation was found to have an important density-dependent regulatory role on these two species. Analyses of prey preference using Jacob’s index showed that springbok were the most preferred species, although their distribution was limited, and springhares the most important avoided species, despite their prevalence in solitary cheetahs’ kills. Examples of diet flexibility in the cheetah occurred during an eland influx into the study area, when coalition males killed a number of calves, and when an emaciated female took to preying on unpalatable bat-eared foxes.

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21

Willett, Walter C. The Role of Nutrition in Integrative Preventive Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190241254.003.0010.

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Until recently, and still today in low-income countries, undernutrition during pregnancy and early childhood was a major cause of mortality. However, in recent decades, noncommunicable diseases account for the majority of premature deaths both in the United States and globally. Although dietary factors have been identified as the most important causes of this, physicians and other healthcare providers are taught little about nutrition in medical school or fellowship training. In conventional medical practice almost no attention is given to knowing what a patient is eating or providing dietary guidance that has the potential to improve dramatically their long-term health. This chapter describes what we know about the elements of a healthy diet and how these elements can be combined into an overall dietary pattern for the prevention of major illness and promotion of well-being. A brief section considers ways that this knowledge can be integrated into preventive healthcare.

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22

Bunch, Chris. Deficiency anaemias. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0279.

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This chapter addresses the diagnosis, investigation, and management of anaemia due to a deficiency in iron, vitamin B12, or folate. Erythropoiesis requires an adequate supply of iron for haem formation, as well as vitamin B12 and folic acid (folate) to support high levels of DNA synthesis, and a lack of any of these will result in anaemia. Iron-deficient anaemias are typically microcytic, while a deficiency in vitamin B12 or folate results in megaloblastic haemopoiesis and a macrocytic anaemia. Iron deficiency results from poor dietary iron intake, poor absorption, increased demands, blood loss, or combinations of these. The usual cause of severe vitamin B12 deficiency in Western countries is an autoimmune atrophic gastritis, in which there is a loss of gastric parietal cell numbers and an absence of intrinsic factor production, which effectively prevents vitamin B12 absorption. This is the classical pernicious anaemia, and it is often seen in association with other autoimmune disorders. Folate deficiency may result from poor diet, malabsorption, or when demand for folate is increased, for example, during pregnancy, or with increased haemopoiesis in haemolytic anaemias or myeloproliferative disorders.

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