Academic literature on the topic 'Diesel-train movement'

The problem of the interaction of rolling stock with the rail track has been analyzed in the present paper. It has been established that in the process of transport science development a number of methods for determining the causes of wheel pairs derailment are developed, which, in a varying degree, take into account the peculiarities of their interaction. The problem of choosing the most accurate method for estimating the causes of rolling stock derailment becomes more complicated because of the lack of sufficient experimental data that would allow us to verify the adequacy of the models. The indicators of stability of the wheel against derailment, which are used on the railways of Ukraine and Europe, have been examined. Their dependences on the speed of movement were derived. It has been established that the increase of the speed of motion leads to the increase of the interaction power of the rolling stock with the rail track, which may, under certain operational parameters, provoke its derailment. As a result of the calculations, it has been shown that the use of norms for car design and calculation used on Ukrainian railways can lead to an inadequate estimation of traffic safety parameters, since it does not take into account the unevenness of the railway track. It has been established that the requirements of BS EN 14363: 2005 European norms are stricter in comparison with the norms for calculation and evaluation of the bearing elements strength and dynamic qualities of motor-vehicle rolling stock used on Ukrainian railways. A comparison of the experimentally and theoretically calculated values of the stability margin coefficient against wheel derailment of the first wheel pair of the diesel train car was carried out.

This article describes purpose, areas of application and main parameters of heavy road trains for the transportation of special and general cargo. Heavy-duty road trains with drive wheels of trailed links are considered. The advantages of using heavy-duty road trains in comparison with single trucks are shown. Additional energy sources for a standard engine (diesel or gas turbine engine for driving a three-phase generator), designed to overcome steep ascents and difficult road sections, are considered. The analysis of the turn of the road train is carried out. The advantages of ring and parallel circuit with individual control are shown. The analysis of the traction forces on the wheels and the spread of losses when turning the road train in a multi-engine drive are made. The traction and dynamic properties of road trains are presented. They characterize the limiting power and kinematic capabili-ties of road trains in various modes of movement. A search for a rational distribution of currents depending on the forces acting on the wheels and losses in the tires was made. The study of the turning of the vehicle was carried out. The values of currents, the magnitude of the spread of currents and their influence on the efficiency were calculated. The economic charac-teristics of road trains were determined. A methodology and algorithms for calculating losses and efficiency were developed. An algo-rithm for calculating at equal currents is presented. Calculations of the efficiency at various speeds and turning radii when the road train is moving are carried out. The analysis of the efficiency at the equality of currents and powers when the speed of movement is changed was made. Various design and technological measures are proposed to improve the technical characteristics of the road train.

The increasing demand for higher performance internal combustion engines has led to higher temperatures in the combustion chamber. As a result, TiAl valves have been investigated with a view to their use in a natural gas fuelled diesel internal combustion engine, taking advantage of their low density and good high-temperature resistance. In this work, comparison bench tests for traditional steel valves and TiAl valves were carried out through the use of specially designed wear testing apparatus. Compared to the traditional valves made from heat-resistant steel (X60, X85), the TiAl valves have 50% lower mass, leading to a decrease in the impact seating forces during the engine operation. With the reduction of the inertia of engine valve movement, the dynamic characteristics of the engine valve train system can be optimized. Each contact pair of valve and seat insert was tested for 3 million impact cycles. Compared to the austenitic exhaust valves (X60) tested at 700 ℃, the TiAl valve had better wear resistance and the wear loss decreased by 24.8 %. The predominant wear mechanism is considered to be a combination of oxidative wear and adhesive wear. However, for the intake valves tested at 400 ℃, the wear loss of the TiAl valve was three times higher than the martensitic intake valves (X85). The predominant wear mechanism can be identified as abrasive wear and adhesive wear. It is therefore concluded that the TiAl exhaust valve is a potential solution for a natural gas fuelled diesel.

Purpose.Provision of strength and durability of the main structural element of DPKr-2 diesel train -the leading car body. Methodology. A spatial solid-state 3-D model of the body is built and durability calculations are carried out concerning action of loads stipulated by regulatory documents operating in Ukraine. In particular, the following main estimated modes are considered: mode 1 – a notional safety mode which takes into account the possibility of considerable longitudinal forces arising during shunting movements, transportation and accidental collision; mode 2 – an operational mode which takes into account forces acting on a train during acceleration to constructional speed, coasting or braking from this speed while passing a curve. Results. Based on the results of theoretical and experimental studies a conclusion has been made that the leading car body construction of DPKr-2 diesel train meets the requirements of regulatory documents regarding strength and durability. Practical relevance. A complex of calculation and experimental work concerning assessment of stress-strain state of the leading car body of DPKr-2 diesel train under action of design and operational loads allowed the creation of construction which meets not only operational requirements but also strength and durability ones.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the need to apply the methods of mathematical modeling when performing examinations of rolling stock derailment. The description of the dynamic behavior of rolling stock when moving on the track is a rather complicated, time-consuming process, which requires highly qualified expert and time-consuming. The presence of detailed mathematical models of the constituent units of the rolling stock would greatly facilitate the study of cases of their derailment. At present, a significant number of scientific papers are devoted to the study of the dynamics of rolling stock movement using mathematical models. In Lviv NDISE, investigations of such railway accidents as rolling stock derailment from the rails are performed by experts according to the methods developed by the doctor of technical sciences Sokol E. M., allowing to take into account a certain number of parameters of wagon running gears. At present, when experts examine the cases of rolling stock derailment, there is a need to develop new methods that would allow to take into account more parameters of the undercarriage parts of the wagons, such as: parameters of the damping system, spring suspension, bolster, node of the body-bogie bolster center plates, etc. P. There are also cases of railway accidents, in which one of the reasons may be the presence of defects on the rolling surface of the wheels of the rolling stock. In this regard, experts of Lviv NDISE to take into account the above-mentioned parameters of the running gears and to identify the most significant for rolling stock derailment, it was developed object-oriented programming in the computer environment Maple. At present, have developed a mathematical model of a passenger car of a diesel train, the DPKr-2, and an improved mathematical model of a freight wagon. The authors of the article came to the conclusion that the use of mathematical models and their computer solution can facilitate the process of researching rolling stock cases from the rails, as it allows automating and speeding up the study of dynamic indicators of rolling stock, facilitating the process of establishing the limiting values of its technical condition parameters and assessing the consequences changes in these parameters in certain working conditions.

Air pollution from diesel emissions is becoming an increased international concern, and whilst attention has been primarily focused on the automotive industry, concerns have also been raised about emissions from diesel rail vehicles. This paper reports an extensive series of measurements made at the Birmingham New Street station, a major rail interchange in the Midlands of England, with a mix of diesel and electric train movements, which is of particular concern because of the enclosed nature of the platforms. This study was undertaken in collaboration with Network Rail to better understand the environment in and around the station over a longer period to provide a more detailed analysis of the complex environment at the station. The station environment has been considered in terms of the European Union (EU) and Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) limits as part of the monitoring methodology, but it should be noted that these limits do not apply in this environment as the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulation 1999 and the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 are applicable. The monitoring campaign consisted of diffusion tube measurements to measure nitrogen dioxide at a large number of different locations throughout and around the station. These were followed by detailed measurements of oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter, carbon dioxide and black carbon (a diesel tracer) at a smaller number of sites at the platform level. The results are analysed to give concentrations over a wide variety of time scales, and long- and short-term averages. The effects of ambient wind conditions and individual train movements are also considered. Recommendations are made for possible remedial measures and for future work to more fully understand the physical mechanisms involved.

Для геометрической теории управления разработаны программные средства, автоматизирующие символьные преобразования нелинейных моделей объектов к эквивалентным линейным моделям. С их помощью выполнен синтез линейной математической модели движения дизель-поезда в форме Бруновского, которая учитывает параллельную работу четырех тяговых асинхронных двигателей. Полученная модель может использоваться для поиска оптимальных управлений, а также для исследования процессов буксования и юза, а также параллельной работы двигателей.
For geometric control theory developed software tools that automate the symbolic transformation of nonlinear models of objects to equivalent linear model. With their help, made the synthesis of linear mathematical model of the motion of diesel-trains in the form Brunovsky, which allows for the parallel operation of four traction induction motors. The resulting model can be used to find the optimal controls, as well as for study of slipping and skidding as well as parallel operation of motors.

Diesel fuel carriage in locomotives, while safe in normal operational conditions, presents a potential hazard in the event of serious accident or derailment. Development of an effective mitigation method against this hazard requires an understanding of operational conditions that lead to fuel spill and fire. This paper describes a study of fire hazard stemming from rail accidents and potential approaches to mitigation. Data for the study was obtained from a large sample of National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigation reports for accidents involving both freight and passenger locomotive accidents over a 10-year period. Approximately 25% of the events reviewed resulted in fuel release. In addition, of the events that resulted in fuel loss, a large majority (almost 70%) resulted in fire. Most cases with major fires led to loss of life and/or property, including destruction of multiple locomotives. Typical road locomotives carry 3,000–4,500 gallons of diesel fuel during normal operation. As the locomotive consumes fuel, large volumes are available for vapor generation within the tank. In a post-collision scenario, the vapor that vents to the atmosphere at temperatures close to flash point of the fuel presents a significant fire hazard. Further, flammable mists can be generated by the sprays that develop due to fuel leaks from the post-impact movement of a train. Previous laboratory tests on a scaled tank demonstrated that fire in a fuel-rich vapor can flash back inside the tank causing an explosion or a large fire. This paper also assesses potential technologies to prevent or mitigate fire hazards in locomotive fuel tanks. These include fuel tank leak prevention or reduction of outflow from breached fuel tanks, monitoring vapor concentration within fuel tanks, and limiting vapor concentrations inside tank to maintain levels below the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL). Potential benefits of the latter method include minimization of pollution from escaping vapor as well as partial recovery of reusable fuel from vapor.