Journal articles on the topic 'Diesel motor Mathematical models'
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Xiao, Nengqi, Ruiping Zhou, Xiang Xu, and Xichen Lin. "Study on Vibration of Marine Diesel-Electric Hybrid Propulsion System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8130246.
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This study analyzes the characteristics of hybrid propulsion shafting and builds mathematical models and vibration equations of shafting using the lumped parameter method. Main focus is on the asymmetric double diesel propulsion shafting operation process and the impact of the phase angle and motor excitation on torsional vibration of shafting. Model result is validated by testing results conducted on double diesel propulsion shafting bench. Mathematical model and model-building methods of shafting are correct.
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Kovbasenko, Serhii. "Possibilities of enhancing the environmental safety of diesel vehicles using alternative fuels." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport 16, no. 2 (January 17, 2023): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2022-16-2-51-57.
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Today, most motor fuels are made from non-renewable sources of petroleum origin. In connection with the environmental problems associated with the use of traditional motor fuels in motor vehicle engines, many countries are implementing strict requirements for the greening of motor vehicles.At the same time, vehicles with diesel engines are quite attractive in terms of consumption of alternative motor fuels. One of the ways to increase the environmental safety of vehicles with diesel engines is the complete or partial replacement of diesel fuel with alternative fuels. In this regard, research and development in the field of energy resource use in road transport has been significantly intensified, and new programs are being developed to expand the use of alternative fuels. The main focus of the researchers on improving environmental safety is the complete or partial replacement of diesel fuel with alternative fuels, which can be of petroleum or non-petroleum origin. Such fuels can be: liquefied petroleum gas, compressed natural gas and associated gases, diesel biofuel, alcohols and ethers, as well as hydrogen, etc.The article examines the problem of alternative types of fuel and the use of new energy sources in the search for more ecologically clean, cheap and less scarce fuel. To solve this problem, it is necessary to perform an analysis and determine the possibilities of increasing the environmental safety of motor vehicles with diesel engines when using different alternative fuels.The analysis carried out in the work showed that the considered fuels are promising with the proper organization of the work process of motor vehicle diesel engines. However, in a number of cases, for example, when using hydrogen, alcohols, it is necessary to significantly change the design of the engine, which requires significant costs. The use of alternative, more environmentally friendly motor fuels, such as compressed natural gas, diesel biofuel of vegetable or animal origin, etc., will allow to significantly expand the fuel base of motor vehicle diesels and does not require a significant change in their design.In further research, an important task is to develop a methodology for evaluating the use of alternative fuels, which will combine a complex of functional and mathematical models to determine the energy efficiency and environmental safety of vehicles with diesel engines when using alternative fuels both in their pure form and in the form of mixed fuels.
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Yusha, V. L., G. I. Chernov, I. D. Obukhov, O. G. Bessonov, V. V. Denisenko, A. A. Goncharenko, and V. B. Shipov. "Multipurpose conversion of marine diesel engines when creating piston motor-compressor units." Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Aviation-Rocket and Power Engineering 5, no. 3 (2021): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2588-0373-2021-5-3-14-22.
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This paper present an assessment of the energy efficiency of various combinations of piston stages of an internal combustion engine, a compressor, and a Rankine engine as part of piston motor-compressor units based on modernized marine diesel engines. An eight-cylinder single-row diesel engine 8Ch23/30-1 is chosen as the object of research, the base of which is used as a single platform for creating powertechnology units for various purposes and power. The proposed variants for converting the original engine allow, with minimal costs for the development of design and manufacturing technology, to create gas engine compressor units with reduced fuel consumption and improved weight and size characteristics in comparison with the known mobile compressor stations driven by diesel internal combustion engines. In the paper, on the basis of the developed mathematical models of working processes, the possibility of joint operation of diesel cylinders with piston expanders of the Rankine cycle and one or more stages of a piston compressor is assessed. Various possible combinations of diesel cylinders, compressor cylinders and expander cylinders are considered, as well as the dependences of engine power and compressor performance depending on the number of compressor stages and the number of diesel power cylinders used.
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Zachepa, Iurii, Volodymyr Chenchevoi, Nataliia Zachepa, Olga Chencheva, and Serhii Serhiienko. "Study of a local source of autonomous power supply on the basis of a diesel generator." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 6 (November 29, 2022): 56–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2022.002566.
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A mathematical model of a local autonomous power supply source based on a diesel generator set is presented. The source of primary mechanical energy is a diesel internal combustion engine with an automatic speed controller, operating on the Polzunov–Watt’s principle. The electric energy converter is an asynchronous motor operating in a generator mode with capacitor self-excitation. The complete set of such devices is carried out from the available and normally working components of technological, electrical and transport equipment. They are formed by the personnel of the relevant enterprises in the period preceding the accident, during its development or at the end of its active phase. Therefore, mathematical models of subsystems of a diesel engine, an asynchronous machine operating in a generator mode, capacitive self-excitation and a number of typical electricity consumers are represented by separate structural blocks with functional relationships and connected according to the principle of subordinate regulation. This form of representation makes it possible to carry out large-scale studies of the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the operation of diesel generator sets with various types of both internal combustion engines and asynchronous machines. The coincidence of the results of numerical simulation and full-scale experiments allows to judge the adequacy of the proposed mathematical model of a local autonomous power supply source with a diesel generator. The presented model combines algorithmic simplicity and high computational precision and will make it possible to determine the criteria for the trouble-free operation of autonomous power supply sources to provide energy to consumers of different categories
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Kossov, E. E., V. V. Asabin, A. G. Silyuta, A. N. Zhuravlev, and L. E. Kossova. "Ways to solve the problem of converting diesel locomotives to gaseous fuel." VNIIZHT Scientific Journal 80, no. 4 (September 1, 2021): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2021-80-4-191-200.
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The Government of the Russian Federation has set the task of expanding the field of application of gaseous fuels in the national economy. In accordance with this task, an agreement of June 17, 2016 was developed on cooperation between PJSC Gazprom, JSC Russian Railways, JSC Sinara Group, JSC Transmashholding in the use of natural gas as a motor fuel, which provides for the production of shunting gas locomotives and mainline diesel locomotives and gas turbine locomotives. This work is a continuation of the work begun in the 1990s to create, fine-tune and test diesel locomotives using natural gas as a motor fuel. The conversion of diesel locomotives to gaseous fuel can be carried out in two ways: creation of diesel locomotives with gas piston engines and the modernization of diesel locomotives of the existing fleet by converting the diesel engines of these locomotives to use the gas-diesel cycle. A comparison of these options is given and solutions are proposed that allow using gas-diesel cycle on diesel locomotives. Mathematical models for calculating the performance indicators of a gas-diesel generator plant in operating modes and separately for the fuel supply process are presented, their features and some calculation results are presented. The experimentally determined reasons for the impossibility of operation of the power plant in the gas-diesel cycle of a shunting diesel locomotive based on TEM18 below the fourth position of the driver's controller are theoretically substantiated. The minimum required structural changes to the standard fuel equipment are determined, which are necessary to ensure stable operation of a diesel locomotive on gaseous fuel. A comparative assessment of the efficiency of converting diesel locomotives to gaseous fuel is carried out and the cost of fuel consumed per hour of operation is determined, depending on the degree of fuel replacement with gas when the locomotive is operating in average operating modes.
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Polivyanchuk, A. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF INFLUENCE THE OPERATION MODE DIESEL ENGINE ON THE CONTENT OF PARTICULATE MATTER IN EXHAUST GASES." Municipal economy of cities 3, no. 156 (July 1, 2020): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-3-156-62-68.
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The work is devoted to solving an urgent scientific and practical task – establishing mathematical models that describe the effect of operating modes of diesel engines on the content in the exhaust gases of a dangerous pollutant – particulate matter (PM). The purpose of the work was to create and study the accuracy and practical suitability of the calculation method estimating concentrations and emissions with exhaust gases PM by means of mathematical modeling of the influence on them of parameters that determine steady state and unsteady diesel operation modes. The studies were carried out on the basis of the motor stand of a 4ChN12/14 autotractor diesel equipped with a partial-flow system for diluting EG with air – MKT-2 microtunnels. Measurements mass and vol-ume concentrations – cpt (g/kg) and Cpt (g/mn3), mass – PTmass (g/h) and specific – PTp (g/kWh) PM emissions was carried out by the gravimetric method with errors of ± 3 .. 10% in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents – ISO8178 standard, UNECE Rules R-49, R-96, etc. As parameters which determine the mode of opera-tion of the diesel engine, were considered: during the study steady-state modes – the number of revolutions of the engine crankshaft (n, min-1) and the load (L,%); in the study of unsteady modes – the parameters n and L and the rate of change over time – Δn/Δt and ΔL/Δt. A dependence has been established for indirectly determining the mass concentration of PM in the exhaust gases at steady and unsteady diesel operating modes, which are charac-terized by a duration of 10 ... 30 s and ranges of vari-ation of the parameters n, L, Δn/Δt and ΔL/Δt, given in di-mensionless form: 0.4 ... 0.8, 0.3 ... 1.0, -0.2 ... 0.2 and -0.35 ... 0.35, respectively. The deviation of the calculated and experimental data when using this dependence is ± 0.005-0.006 g/kg, which is comparable with the sensitivity limit of MKT-2. Keywords: diesel, exhaust gases, particulate matter, concentration, test mode, mathematical model, accuracy.
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Xiao, Nengqi, Xiang Xu, and Baojia Chen. "Research on Simulation and Experiment of Ship Complex Diesel-Electric Hybrid Propulsion System." Journal of Ship Research 64, no. 02 (June 1, 2020): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2020.64.2.171.
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This article introduces the composition and 12 operating conditions of a four-engine two-propeller hybrid power system. Through the combination of gearbox clutch and disconnection, the propulsion system has four single-engine operation modes, two double-engine parallel operation modes, and six PTI operation modes. Because the propulsion system has a variety of operating conditions, each operating condition has a form of energy transfer. As a result, its energy management and control are more complicated. To study the energy management and control strategy of a diesel- electric hybrid propulsion system, this work mainly studies the simulation model and sub-models of a diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system. In this study, MATLAB/ SIMULINK software is used to build the diesel engine model, motor model, and ship engine system mathematical model. The test and analysis were carried out on the test bench of the diesel-electric hybrid power system. By comparing the theoretical value of the SIMULINK simulation model with the test value of the test bench system, the correctness of each sub-model modeling method is verified. On the one hand, research on the text lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent implementation of the conventional energy management and control strategy based on state identification on the unified management and distribution of the diesel-electric hybrid power system. At the same time, energy management of the diesel-electric hybrid system is also carried out. Optimization research provides theoretical guidance.
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Pavlov, D. V., K. Yu Platonov, and R. N. Khmelev. "Mathematical modeling of the functioning process of a single-cylinder air-cooled diesel engine taking into account the consumption of crankcase gases." Izvestia MGTU MAMI 1, no. 3 (2020): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/2074-0530-2020-45-3-75-82.
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At present, the most effective method for studying internal combustion engines (ICE) is mathe-matical modeling and computational experiment. The use of a computational experiment can signif-icantly reduce material and time costs in the research, design and refinement of the internal combus-tion engine. At the same time, despite the high level of the applied mathematical models, there are practically no studies aimed at establishing the regularities of the influence of the state of the cylin-der-piston group (CPG) on the crankcase gas consumption and other indicators of engine operation at steady-state and transient modes. This article is devoted to solving an urgent problem associated with the development of a theoretical base that provides a comprehensive simulation of steady-state and transient modes of diesel engine operation, taking into account the consumption of crankcase gases. The article presents a mathematical model of a diesel engine based on thermal mechanics, which reflects the main features of the engine as a system that converts energy in time. The system of equations of the mathematical model is based on the laws of conservation of energy, mass, equa-tions of motion of solid links and includes differential equations for the rates of change in the tem-perature and density of the working fluid in the cylinder and in the crankcase of the internal com-bustion engine, the ideal gas equation of state, as well as differential equations for the change in the angular speed and angle of motor shaft rotation. The mathematical model is tested on the example of a small-sized single-cylinder diesel engine 1Ch9.5 / 8.0 with air cooling. This type of engine is widely used for small-scale mechanization in agriculture, generator sets, etc. The article presents the results of calculations of a number of engine operating modes in comparison with the results of field tests carried out at the test bench.
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Lebedevas, Sergejus, Saugirdas Pukalskas, and Vygintas Daukšys. "MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF INDICATIVE PROCESS PARAMETERS OF DUAL-FUEL ENGINES WITH CONVENTIONAL FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM." Transport 35, no. 1 (March 16, 2020): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12212.
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Modern engine research uses multi-dimensional Mathematical Models (MMs) that are applicable to multi-fuel engines. However, their use involves the availability of detailed technical data on the design and characteristics of the engine, which is not always possible. The use of a one-dimensional MM is more expedient for the prediction of engine parameters, but their application for this purpose has not yet been sufficiently investigated. This publication presents the results of numerical studies evaluating the application of a one-dimensional MM with bi-phase Vibe combustion laws for dual-fuel (DF) Diesel (D) and Natural Gas (NG) engine power parameters. The motor test results of a high-speed 4ČN79.5/95.5 Diesel Engine (DE) with a conventional fuel injection system were used as adequacy criteria. The engines were operated with D100 and DF D20/NG80, in high- (HLM), medium- (MLM), and low- (LLM) load modes, and the angle of Diesel-fuel Injection Timing (DIT) was changed from −1 to −13 °CA in the Before Top Dead Center (BTDC) range. Modelling of the single-phase Vibe combustion law has limited applicability for efficient use only in HLM (with an error of 7%). In the MLM and LLM regimes, owing to non-compliance with real bi-phasic combustion with a strongly extended NG diffusive second phase, the modelling error is 50%. Individual MM matching in MLM and LLM in a DF D20/NG80 experiment detected a burn time increase from between 45 and 50 °CA, to 110 and 200 °CA, respectively. Limited use of the one-dimensional MM in the evaluation of DF engine performance has been identified. When comparing a one-dimensional MM with experimental data, a bi-phase law of heat release characteristic should be considered for better coincidence. In addition, individual MM matching with an experiment on each engine load mode ensured acceptable accuracy in testing and optimising the parameters of the indicator process, including DIT.
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Kalinichenko, Antonina, Valerii Havrysh, and Vasyl Perebyynis. "Evaluation of Biogas Production and Usage Potential." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 387–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2016-0027.
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Abstract The aim of the research is the development of theoretical and methodical bases for determining the feasibility of plant raw materials growing for its further bioconversion into energy resources and technological materials to maximize profit from business activities. Monograph, statistics, modelling and abstract logical methods have been used during the research. Directions of biogas usage have been examined. Biogas yields from different crops have been analyzed. It has been determined that high methane yields can be provided from root crops, grain crops, and several green forage plants. So, forage beet and maize can provide more than 5,500 m3 of biogas per hectare. Attention is paid to the use of by-products of biogas plants, especially carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is an important commodity and can increase profitability of biogas plant operating. It can be used for different purposes (food industry, chemical industry, medicine, fumigation, etc). The most important parameters of the biogas upgrading technologies have been analyzed. If output of an upgrade module is more than 500 nm3/h, investment costs of different available technologies are almost equal. According to experts, it is economically feasible to use anaerobic digestion biogas systems to upgrade biomethane provided their performance is equivalent to 3,000 litres of diesel fuel per day. The economic and mathematical models have been suggested to determine the feasibility of growing plant materials to maximize the gross profit. The target function is the maximum gross income from biogas utilization. It has the following limitations: annual production of biogas, consumption of electricity, heat and motor fuels. The mathematical model takes into account both meeting own requirement and selling surplus energy resources and co-products including carbon dioxide. In case of diesel fuel substitution, an ignition dose of diesel fuels has been considered. The algorithm for making a decision on construction of a biogas plant has been offered.
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Grekhov, L. V., V. A. Markov, N. А. Arsenov, J. Zhao, and B. Sa. "Determination of the Constants of the Equation of State for Calculating the Elastic Properties of Various Engine Fuels and Technical Fluids." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 4 (143) (December 2022): 108–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2022-4-108-137.
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The creation of modern mathematical models of unsteady high-pressure fuel injection in engines requires the replacement of universal empirical equations for one of the elastic properties of fuel by a mathematically more correct equation of state. The necessity of the existence and use of convenient and simple forms of the equation of state, allowing the values of density, compressibility factor and sound velocity of traditional and alternative fuels for diesel engines to be determined quickly and with sufficient accuracy, has been substantiated. Modern approaches to the description of the state of droplet and two-phase liquids are analyzed. The absence of phase transitions in the process of fuel delivery under high pressures has allowed to substantiate the possibility of using the equation of state for the forward and backward account. An equation of state adequate to processes with high and ultrahigh pressures (up to 400 MPa) and moderately high temperatures (up to 460 K) has been proposed. The equipment used and the method of obtaining empirical information through determination of the current sound velocity are described. A method for calculating the values of constants of the chosen form of the equation of state in the form of expressions determining their dependence on temperature and an algorithm for calculating the constants of the equation of state in processing experimental data are presented. Based on literature data, as well as the results of studies conducted, sets of empirical equation of state constants for 49 diesel fuels, various test and technical fluids, and alternative motor fuels are obtained
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Popov, Sergey V., Oleg A. Burmakin, and Yuriy S. Malyshev. "Study of parallel operation of diesel generators ship power plant." Russian Journal of Water Transport, no. 66 (March 23, 2021): 108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi66.148.
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Analysis of the power plants of a number of passenger ships showed the need to ensure the parallel operation of generators previously operating separately. The installed DGs are intended only for autonomous operation, which do not imply the introduction of statism into the characteristics of the generators. The aim of the work is to ensure the working condition of the ship power plants in accordance with the current requirements of the Russian River Register (RRR), which imply stable parallel operation of the diesel generator. As a result of the operation of the installed diesel engines, the complexity of precise control of the mechanical characteristics was determined, associated with the specifics of the operation of the mechanical frequency controllers installed on the engines. To determine the quality of mechanical RFI, functional and structural diagrams of the system for stabilizing the frequency of rotation of a drive motor with a mechanical regulator were developed, on the basis of which the transfer function was obtained and a conclusion was made about the instability of the regulator at large values of backlash in the mechanical transmission. Achieving this goal is possible by replacing the mechanical RFI with an electronic one with an actuator, which is confirmed by a mathematical analysis of the corresponding control systems. The transfer functions of control systems are obtained on the basis of the developed structural and functional models. Electronic controllers, made according to the presented schemes, have been introduced on a number of marine diesel generator sets and have shown a positive result. As a result of the study of the operation of the new system, the optimal parameters of the regulator settings were determined, at which the required dynamic and static characteristics were obtained. The failure-free operation of the system has been confirmed by long-term tests with the vessel operating in normal mode throughout the navigation.
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Chervonchenko, S. S., and V. Ya Frolov. "Research of the operation of an autonomous electrical complex with a combined composition of backup power sources." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 24, no. 4 (August 17, 2022): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2022-24-4-90-104.
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THE PURPOSE. To analyze scientific and technical information and practical experience of the functioning of autonomous electrical complexes with asynchronous electric motors in the composition. To develop a mathematical model of an autonomous electrical complex of a drilling rig with the presence of an active rectifier, an inverter with pulse-width control signals, as well as combined backup power sources – a battery and a diesel generator set. To establish the influence and expediency of using a combined composition of backup power sources on reliable operation and the possibility of overcoming the voltage failure caused by a sharp increase in load in the steady-state operation of an autonomous electrical complex. METHODS. For the successful fulfillment of the tasks set, this study applied the methods of mathematical modeling of power supply systems, methods of simulation modeling, the theories of automatic control, automated electric drive, and electrical circuits. Also, in research used the MATLAB software package with the built-in Simulink graphic modeling environment to create a mathematical computer model and to process the data obtained analytically. RESULTS. The article describes the relevance of the research topic. The study provides criteria for choosing the composition of backup power sources. Mathematical and simulation models of an autonomous ETC have been developed according to the “power source-frequency converter-industrial load” scheme, taking into account the influence of a non-linear load on the specified power quality indicators. The study has developed the structure of an autonomous electrical complex with a combined composition of backup power sources, which allows to overcome the voltage drop in the network caused by a sharp load surge, while ensuring the required indicators of electricity quality. CONCLUSIONS. The use of a rechargeable battery makes it possible to increase the overload threshold of the main diesel generator set regulated by GOST R 53987-2010 from 30% to 60%, as well as to ensure reliable connection of a backup diesel generator set without interrupting technological processes.
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Altosole, M., and Massimo Figari. "Effective simple methods for numerical modelling of marine engines in ship propulsion control systems design." Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2011): 129–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v8i2.7366.
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In the last year, the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering of Genoa University (now Department of Naval Architecture, Marine Technology and Electrical Engineering) collaborated to the design of the propulsion automation of two different naval vessels; within these projects the authors developed different ship propulsion simulators used to design and test the propulsion control schemes. In these time-domain simulators, each propulsion component is represented by a specific mathematical model, mainly based on algebraic and differential equations. One of the key aspects of the propulsion simulation is the engine dynamics. This problem in principle can be dealt with models based on thermodynamic principles, which are able to represent in detail the behaviour of many variables of interest (engine power and speed, air and gas pressures, temperatures, stresses, etc.). However, thermodynamic models are often characterized by a long computation-time and moreover their development usually requires the knowledge of specific engine information not always available. It is generally preferable to adopt simpler simulation models, for the development of which, very few kinds of information are necessary. In fact, for the rapid prototyping of control schemes, it is generally more important to model the whole plant (in a relatively coarse way) rather than the detailed model of some components. This paper deals with simple mathematical methods, able to represent the engine power or torque only, but they can be suitably applied to many types of marine engines in a straightforward way. The proposed simulation approaches derived from the authors’ experience, gained during their activity in the marine simulation field, and they are particularly suitable for a fast prototyping of the marine propulsion control systems. The validation process of these particular models, regarding a Diesel engine, a marine gas turbine and an electric motor, is illustrated based on the sea trials data and engine manufacturers’ data. Keywords: Dynamic simulation; marine engines performance; gas turbine; propulsion control. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v8i2.7366 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 8(2011) 129-147
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Kurganov, V. M., M. V. Gryaznov, A. N. Dorofeev, and A. A. Aduvalin. "METHODOLOGY FOR RATIONING MATERIAL RESOURCES FOR BUSES." Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, no. 1 (2022): 102–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2022-1-102.
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Abstract. The industry standards for the consumption of material resources currently in force in road transport are advisory in nature and are used by carriers in their current work for production planning. Industry standards, regulated, for example, by order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 158 dated May 30, 2019, establish resource consumption on an average for all road carriers of the Russian Federation. Taking into account the individual operating conditions of the rolling stock and the organization of the transport process is possible only by a correction factor to the fuel consumption rate, the calculation method of which is not regulated. The result is low convergence of planned and actual traffic figures. An effective solution to this problem is the use of resource consumption rates calculated on the basis of statistical data on the consumption of material resources obtained using the means of objective control and data storage of ERP systems. This will make it possible to fully take into account the complex of significant factors that determine the volume of consumption of material resources, reduce the amount of inventory, increase the turnover of funds, and increase the accuracy of rationing and pricing processes for any trucking company. However, the substantiation of such resource consumption norms requires an assessment of the influence of significant factors, the establishment of a relationship between them and the development of a mathematical apparatus for normalization. Therefore, the purpose of this study, which is to increase the efficiency of passenger transportation by buses based on ensuring the reliability of material resource consumption rates, taking into account individual operating conditions, is aimed at solving an urgent scientific and practical problem. Theoretical studies are carried out on the basis of the analysis of scientific and regulatory and technical literature, the legal framework, systemic, statistical, factorial and technical and economic analysis, economic and mathematical modeling of the transport process, and expert evaluation. Experimental studies were carried out in the conditions of operating passenger transport enterprises using the methods of mathematical statistics, computer modeling, field observations. The main results of scientific novelty are: a set of qualitative characteristics and quantitative indicators of factors that determine the consumption of material resources in the operation of the bus fleet; mathematical models for calculating the consumption rates of fuels and lubricants, spare parts and car tires, as well as the corresponding standard operating costs; dependence of indicators of operating consumption of diesel fuel, resource mileage of automobile tires on the magnitude of significant factors established for domestically produced buses of various capacities. Further research is supposed to be carried out in the direction of the development of resource saving methods in the motor transport complex.
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Nikonorov, Valentin, Andrei Kutuzov, Viktor Nikonorov, Irina Bagaeva, and Anna Letta. "Dewaxing models digitalization in the mathematical model of winter diesel fuel production." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 11004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125811004.
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The climatic features of Russia, as well as the need for the development of the Arctic and the Great Northern Sea Route, require an increase in the production of winter diesel fuel. The object of the study is obtaining winter diesel fuel. The subject of the study is digitalizing oil-refining processes by building the mathematical model of winter diesel fuel production for the case of combining dewaxing regimes taking into account the logistical aspect. Main research methods: retrospective data analysis, synthesis, comparison, optimization theory methods. A literary review was carried out, the main methods for improving the low-temperature properties of winter diesel fuel were revealed. Study hypothesis: a combination of dewaxing regimes will increase the yield of denormalizate and, accordingly, winter diesel fuel. The authors for each mode of dewaxing compiled a mathematical model. Then, the authors constructed a mathematical model of obtaining winter diesel fuel for a combination of dewaxing regimes and taking into account the logistical aspect. The obtained mathematical model can be used to obtain the required amount of winter diesel fuel with compliance with quality requirements and taking into account the logistical aspect.
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Lahutin, Hennadiy, Anatoliy Panchenko, Volodymyr Uvarov, and Oleh Sal’nyk. "Features of starting motor vehicles diesel engines with the use of molecular energy storages." Vehicle and electronics. Innovative technologies, no. 22 (December 27, 2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/veit.2022.22.0.3.
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Problem. With the experience of special purpose vehicles operating in the field, there is a problem of electrical start-up of diesel engines at low temperatures. It is caused by an increase in the motor oil viscosity, as well as a decrease in the starter batteries capacity. Goal. The goal of the work is to investigate the possibilities of using molecular energy storage for the reliable diesel engines start-up, including in low temperatures, aimed at improving the efficiency of the electrical start-up systems of special purpose vehicles diesel engines, which are operated in the field. Methodology. Methods of mathematical statistics were used in the study of the characteristics of molecular energy storage. When justifying the characteristics of the diesel engines electrical start-up system with molecular energy storage, mathematical methods of operations research were applied. Methods of mathematical analysis were used in the development of a diesel start-up system scheme. Results. The functional scheme of the electrical start-up system of diesel with a molecular energy storages is proposed. Originality. There are the known ways to facilitate the launch of diesel engines in low temperatures, such as the engine pre-growing or the heating of the air entering the engine combustion chambers, but they lead to a rapid discharge of starter batteries. This may make it impossible to start the diesel engine. The use of molecular energy storage will ensure a reliable start-up of a cold diesel engine. Practical meaning. The use of a combined electricity source, consisting of batteries and molecular energy storage, provides a reliable start-up of the engine in extreme temperature conditions, reducing the batteries capacity, increasing their service life, and cutting down operating costs.
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Dufo-López, Rodolfo, and José L. Bernal-Agustín. "Influence of mathematical models in design of PV-Diesel systems." Energy Conversion and Management 49, no. 4 (April 2008): 820–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2007.06.027.
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Vaskov, A. G., N. Y. Mozder, and A. F. Narynbaev. "Modelling of Solar-Diesel Hybrid Power Plant." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1211, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1211/1/012011.
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Abstract The article highlights the problems of distributed energy generation and focuses on solar-diesel hybrid power plant modelling and optimization. Designing power systems based on renewable energy sources includes a very relevant task of building mathematical models of such systems and their elements. The article presents an approach and definition of mathematical models describing photovoltaic-diesel (PV-D) hybrid power system elements used in decision making processes as a part of PV-D operation control. An overview of PV module output power, performance and temperature models is given. Along with the analysis of the specific fuel consumption dependencies on the operating power of the diesel generator, an example of diesel power plant unit commitment is shown.
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Afanasiev, А. Y., N. A. Rybushkin, and K. A. Kilimanov. "MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF A HYBRID POWER INSTALLATION FOR A VEHICLE." Proceedings of the higher educational institutions. ENERGY SECTOR PROBLEMS 20, no. 11-12 (February 27, 2019): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2018-20-11-12-133-143.
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The object of research is a hybrid power installation of a bus with a diesel engine and a synchronous electric motor. The purpose of the work is the development of engineering models of a synchronous electric motor and a diesel engine, the search for optimal electric currents control laws for electric motor and optimal bus moving laws with a hybrid power installation for general energy consumption. Synchronous electric drive and internal combustion engine models were used, convenient for research, analytical and numerical methods of parametric optimization and optimal control were used. Parameter values and laws of vehicle motion with energy saving are obtained.
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WCISŁO, Grzegorz. "Using Irox Diesel analyser to estimate cetane number of diesel fuel." Combustion Engines 130, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117325.
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Publication presents the new method of determining the cetane number of fuels used for feeding compression ignition engines. CN determination is done by spectrum analysis in spectro-photometer and by calculations of mathematical models. The check tests were carried out on more than ten derv samples. The obtained CN values were compared with the values of this parameter obtained according to norm PN-EN ISO 5165 in trustworthy laboratories. Subsequently the conclusions were drawn on the possibilities of applying the analyzer for determination of this parameter
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Lebedevas, Sergejus, and Andrius Vaicekauskas. "IMPROVEMENT OF THE PARAMETERS OF MAINTENANCE OF MEDIUM SPEED DIESELS APPLYING THE MOTOR METHODS." TRANSPORT 19, no. 6 (December 31, 2004): 252–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2004.9637984.
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The problem of the improvement of parameters of maintenance of medium speed diesel engines is described in the publication. The most rational way of solving this problem is the performing of calculational research by using modern programs of mathematical modelling. At the initial stage of the research the approbation of interapplication of computer programs with a different level of elaboration for the optimisation of the main indexes of medium speed diesel engines (fuel economy, reliability, emission of harmful components in exhaust gases) is performed. The investigated efficiency of separate motor methods was applied for diesel engines 6VDS 48/42 AL‐2 which are widely spread in the fleet of Lithuania. For the performance of further investigations the indirect criterion which estimates the phase of kinetic combustion and emission of nitric oxides is offered.
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Čupera, Jiří, Pavel Sedlák, and Petr Karafiát. "Differences in rheological profile of regular diesel and bio-diesel fuel." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, no. 5 (2010): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058050067.
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Biodiesel represents a promising alternative to regular fossil diesel. Fuel viscosity markedly influences injection, spraying and combustion, viscosity is thus critical factor to be evaluated and monitored. This work is focused on quantifying the differences in temperature dependent kinematic viscosity regular diesel fuel and B30 biodiesel fuel. The samples were assumed to be Newtonian fluids. Viscosity was measured on a digital rotary viscometer in a range of 0 to 80 °C. More significant difference between minimum and maximum values was found in case of diesel fuel in comparison with biodiesel fuel. Temperature dependence of both fuels was modeled using several mathematical models – polynomial, power and Gaussian equation. The Gaussian fit offers the best match between experimental and computed data. Description of viscosity behavior of fuels is critically important, e.g. when considering or calculating running efficiency and performance of combustion engines. The models proposed in this work may be used as a tool for precise prediction of rheological behavior of diesel-type fuels.
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Petrova, Daria, Valentina Lyubimenko, Evgenii Ivanov, Pavel Gushchin, and Ivan Kolesnikov. "Energy Basics of Catalytic Hydrodesulfurization of Diesel Fuels." Catalysts 12, no. 11 (October 24, 2022): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12111301.
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Currently, Euro 5 (no more than 10 ppm sulfur content) and Euro 6 (less than 10 ppm sulfur content) diesel motor fuels are produced worldwide. High-quality diesel fuels are produced by removing sulfur compounds using a hydrodesulfurization process. This article is devoted to the study of hydrodesulfurization of diesel fuel containing 120 ppm of sulfur compounds in the presence of an Al-Ni-Mo-O catalyst with a 98% diesel fuel purification rate. According to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Panchenkov theory, a kinetic model of the process is developed with the calculation of the theoretical change in the entropy and enthalpy of the activation of the hydrodesulfurization process. The mathematical model, for the first time, takes into account the influence of the pressure of substances involved in the process on the transformation of sulfur-containing compounds. A mechanism for diesel fuel hydrotreating from sulfur-containing compounds is formulated using a generalized quantum-chemical principle. The hydrodesulfurization mechanism includes nine stages. The formulated mechanism and developed mathematical model of hydrotreating fully describe the reaction of the hydrodesulfurization of diesel fuel and show the possibility of regulating and controlling this industrially important process.
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Deveci, Halil. "Experimental Validation of Mathematical Models for Diesel-Electric Shunting Locomotive Traction Curve." IARJSET 8, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/iarjset.2021.8701.
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Tsanaktsidis, C. G., K. G. Spinthoropoulos, S. G. Christidis, and N. Sariannidis. "Mathematical Models for Calculating the Density of Petroleum Diesel Fuel/Biodiesel Blends." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 49, no. 5 (November 2013): 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10553-013-0461-5.
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Gajek, Jakub, and Jan Awrejcewicz. "Mathematical models and nonlinear dynamics of a linear electromagnetic motor." Nonlinear Dynamics 94, no. 1 (May 23, 2018): 377–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-018-4365-0.
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Blinov, Artem, Nikolay Malastowski, and Leonid Myagkov. "Methodology for calculating diesel SCR systems." E3S Web of Conferences 220 (2020): 01093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022001093.
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Selective catalytic reduction systems are widely applied as a NOX emission control technology in modern onand off highway diesel engines. Considering the stringent limits of emission standards, they should ensure high rates of conversion efficiency. To achieve that at the design stage numerical modelling is used to optimize physical and chemical processes. New mathematical models and methods that can provide the reduction of calculation time and related costs keeping the acceptable level of prediction accuracy are desired. In this study a methodology for calculating SCR systems based on the use both of CFD models and simplified catalyst models are presented. The capabilities of the suggested numerical approach were demonstrated during the simulations of a SCR system where the influence of UWS injection angle on NOX reduction efficiency was investigated.
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Пугачев, Александр, Aleksandr Pugachev, Владимир Воробьев, Vladimir Vorobev, Андрей Космодамианский, and Andrey Kosmodamianskiy. "Control system of tractive induction motor with power loss minimization." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2015, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22898.
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The mathematical model of induction motor taking power losses in stator and rotor iron and typical non-linearity is designed. The algorithm of optimal flux linkage reference providing power loss minimization is developed with regard to vector control. The induction motor stator current and voltage limits, the diesel generator unit power are chosen as a limiting factor. The tractive induction motor control system providing the direct regulation of wheel sliding for protection from slipping and having the internal system of power loss minimization is designed. The results of simulation are presented.
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STASENKO, Igor S., Nikita V. HERASIMENKO, and Viktor S. SAVITSKI. "METHODOLOGY FOR DESIGNING A TRACTION MOTOR FOR TRANSPORT." Mechanics of Machines, Mechanisms and Materials 1, no. 58 (March 2022): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46864/1995-0470-2022-1-58-24-30.
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The article is devoted to the design of an asynchronous traction motor intended for work as part of an electric drive of vehicles: electric vehicles, electric buses, trams, trolley buses. The object of the study is a medium-sized bus. The required traction characteristics of the electric motor are constructed, the nominal and limiting characteristics of the increased torque. The dynamic characteristics have been built for a bus with a mechanical transmission and a diesel engine, as well as for a bus with an electric motor. A method is proposed for designing an electric motor based on mathematical modelling of its operation in the software complexes ANSYS RMxprt and INFOLYTICA MAGNET. According to this technique, the main parameters of the electric motor are determined. The results of modelling are given, graphs of the criteria dependence on the electric motor parameters. Experimental studies of the electric motor have been carried out. The results of mathematical modelling are compared with experimental ones. It was found that the discrepancy between the results of experimental and theoretical studies is no more than 5 %.
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Mai, Van Tham, Shi Jing Wu, Xiao Sun Wang, Jie Chen, and S. A. K. S. Jafri. "Research and Analysis of Dynamic Behaviour in the Mathematical Models of the 6-Axle Locomotive." Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.541.
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With the aiming of mathematically modeling dynamic behavior in latitudinal and vertical movements of the 6-axle locomotive, this paper introduces the Kalker’s Wheel-Rail Rolling Contact Theories and their implementation in multibody codes. This paper also highlights methodology for solving inhomogeneous linear second-order differential equations with MATLAB computer software aided. The calculation has reported that the dynamic behaviors of Diesel-Electric 6-axle locomotive are significantly demonstrated. The calculation has reported that the dynamic behaviors of Diesel-Electric 6-axle locomotive are significantly demonstrated the requirements on Rolling stock Dynamic behaviors of Vietnam Railways.
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SKOWRON, Maciej, and Ireneusz PIELECHA. "Optical tests as the basis for formulating mathematical models of the opening delay of CIDI injectors." Combustion Engines 171, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-431.
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The main objective of this research was an attempt to evaluate the delay times of the actual needle opening of the diesel injectors in relation to the time of triggering the current control signals opening the solenoid and piezoelectric high-pressure injectors of diesel engines. The conducted tests take into account the variability of fuel injection pressure and backpressure prevailing in the operational chamber of the engine. To determine accurately the time of actual injection start, the optical tests analysing the image of the injector tip were used. Such high resolution images were obtained by high-speed recording with a frequency of 250 kHz (Dt = 0.004 ms). Based on a comparison of the results obtained, it was found that the maximum delay time of fuel injection for a piezoelectric diesel injector is about 12% shorter than for a solenoid injector. Experimentally obtained results of the injection time delay were used as a basis to formulate mathematical models describing the delay of the real fuel injection in relation to the signal controlling the opening of the diesel injectors. These models take into account the dependence of the injector reaction from the injection pressure and the backpressure in the operational chamber of the engine. The correctness of the obtained models is confirmed by acceptable values of the determination coefficient (for solenoid injector – 0.6, for piezoelectric injector – above 0.8 – for correlation of injection delay and backpressure).
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Rosli, Nurfatihah Syalwiah, Rosdiazli Ibrahim, Idris Ismail, and Madiah Omar. "Modeling of high voltage induction motor cooling system using linear regression mathematical models." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 29, 2022): e0276142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276142.
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Achieving reliable power efficiency from a high voltage induction motor (HVIM) is a great challenge, as the rigorous control strategy is susceptible to unexpected failure. External cooling is commonly used in an HVIM cooling system, and it is a vital part of the motor that is responsible for keeping the motor at the proper operating temperature. A malfunctioning cooling system component can cause motor overheating, which can destroy the motor and cause the entire plant to shut down. As a result, creating a dynamic model of the motor cooling system for quality performance, failure diagnosis, and prediction is critical. However, the external motor cooling system design in HVIM is limited and separately done in the past. With this issue in mind, this paper proposes a combined modeling approach to the HVIM cooling system which consists of integrating the electrical, thermal, and cooler model using the mathematical model for thermal performance improvement. Firstly, the development of an electrical model using an established mathematical model. Subsequently, the development of a thermal model using combined mathematical and linear regression models to produce motor temperature. Then, a modified cooler model is developed to provide cold air temperature for cooling monitoring. All validated models are integrated into a single model called the HVIM cooling system as the actual setup of the HVIM. Ultimately, the core of this modeling approach is integrating all models to accurately represent the actual signals of the motor cooler temperature. Then, the actual signals are used to validate the whole structure of the model using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) analysis. The results demonstrate the high accuracy of the HVIM cooling system representation with less than 1% error tolerance based on the industrial plant experts. Thus, it will be helpful for future utilization in quality maintenance, fault identification and prediction study.
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Miková, Ľubica, Michal Kelemen, Vladislav Maxim, and Jaromír Jezný. "Design of Control of DC Motor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 611 (August 2014): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.611.325.
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In current practice the use of mathematical models is substantially widespread, reason being the recent increase in development of programs for this purpose, with the option of model simulation in a virtual environment, proportional to the evolving computer technology. The article contains a mathematical model created using Matlab program. The simulation results are compared with scientific literature that addresses DC motors and evaluated. For simplicity, a graphical interface was created.
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Ren, Hong Ying, Pei Ting Sun, Tong Li, Gui Tao Wu, and Lian Zhong Huang. "Simulation on Disturbance Characteristics of Marine Diesel Engine with Wing-Assisted System." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 3564–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3564.
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In order to research on the disturbance characteristics of marine diesel engine with wing-assisted system, mathematical models of ship, diesel engine, propeller and wing were established. Disturbance characteristics of marine diesel engine which using the wing-assisted system was simulated by matlab/simulink software. The output torque and speed curves of the marine diesel engine at different conditions were obtained, by inputting different wing thrust fluctuation signal. The results can provide some reference value to the wing-assisted technology in the application of ocean transport ships, and which has a certain dominating significance for dynamic coupling of diesel-wing ship.
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Mileusnic, Milana P., and Gerald E. Loeb. "Mathematical Models of Proprioceptors. II. Structure and Function of the Golgi Tendon Organ." Journal of Neurophysiology 96, no. 4 (October 2006): 1789–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00869.2005.
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We developed a physiologically realistic mathematical model of the Golgi tendon organ (GTO) whose elements correspond to anatomical features of the biological receptor. The mechanical interactions of these elements enable it to capture all salient aspects of GTO afferent behavior reported in the literature. The model accurately describes the GTO's static and dynamic responses to activation of single motor units whose muscle fibers insert into the GTO, including the different static and dynamic sensitivities that exist for different types of muscle fibers (S, FR, and FF). Furthermore, it captures the phenomena of self- and cross-adaptation wherein the GTO dynamic response during motor unit activation is reduced by prior activation of the same or a different motor unit, respectively. The model demonstrates various degrees of nonlinear summation of GTO responses resulting from simultaneous activation of multiple motor units. Similarly to the biological GTO, the model suggests that the activation of every additional motor unit to already active motor units that influence the receptor will have a progressively weaker incremental effect on the GTO afferent activity. Finally, the proportional relationship between the cross-adaptation and summation recorded for various pairs of motor units was captured by the model, but only by incorporating a particular type of occlusion between multiple transduction regions that were previously suggested. This occlusion mechanism is consistent with the anatomy of the afferent innervation and its arrangement with respect to the collagen strands inserting into the GTO.
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Muratov, Alexey, Andrey Balakin, Denis Bardin, Valentina Tselikovskaya, and Leyla Kurmanova. "Increasing the efficiency of series D49 diesel engines by transfer to gas engine fuel." Bulletin of scientific research results, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2223-9987-2019-1-15-23.
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Objective: Studying the effect of diesel locomotives on the use of natural gas as motor fuel. Identification of the main advantages of using natural gas in internal combustion engines. Analysis of the effect of gas engine fuel on the performance of diesel locomotive power plants. Methods: Simulation of the working process of two engines: the first – on diesel fuel, the second – on the gas mixture. Adjustment of the mathematical model according to the real parameters of 1А-5Д49-2 diesel engine, taken during the rheostat tests of 2ТЭ116 diesel locomotive. Conducting calculation and experimental studies to assess the effect of the complete replacement of diesel fuel with natural gas on the operation of the locomotive power plant; accumulation of computational and experimental data, their systematization and statistical analysis. Theoretical dependences of the change in the specific effective fuel consumption of a diesel engine operating on natural gas through the gas cycle on the position of the driver’s controller, as well as dependences of the change in the effective performance of a diesel engine have been discussed. The calculated values are compared for the diesel engine operating on natural gas and the diesel engine operating on diesel fuel. Results: The calculated dependencies of the performance of Series 1А-5Д49-2 (16ЧН26/26) diesel engine of 2ТЭ116 diesel locomotive with the use of gas engine fuel have been obtained. The obtained data has been analyzed allowing carrying out theoretical estimation of efficiency of natural gas used as gas engine fuel throughout the entire operating range of 1А-5Д49-2 (16ЧН26/26) diesel engine of 2ТЭ116 diesel locomotive. A conclusion was confirmed about the expediency and efficiency of using natural gas in railway transport, particularly diesel locomotives. The influence of replacement of diesel fuel with natural gas on the performance indicators of diesel locomotives has been determined. Practical importance: The obtained dependencies will help in forecasting and in the theoretical evaluation of the feasibility of using natural gas as a motor fuel for locomotive power plants.
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POSPELOV, PAVEL I., ALEXANDER G. TATASHEV, ALEXEY V. TERENTYEV, MARIA Yu KARELINA, and MARINA V. YASHINA. "BARTLETT FLOWS AND MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF MOTOR TRAFFIC FLOWS." H&ES Research 13, no. 6 (2021): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2409-5419-2021-13-6-34-41.
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Introduction: The class of mathematical traffic models is based on the theory of queuing. In these models, the application entering the service system corresponds to the vehicle. When developing a traffic model formulated in terms of queuing, it is necessary to specify a random flow that is incoming to the queuing system. The purpose of the study: Traditional queuing systems with recurrent incoming flow under appropriate conditions do not reflect the specific features of real traffic flows. Under certain conditions, for example, it may be appropriate to use a Markov-type flow in the model, the intensity of which depends on the state of a mathematical object called the control device. In the general case, such a flow can be specified as non-uniform, and with such a task, each request is assigned a type that also depends on the state of the control device. Setting the qualitative structure and parameters of a random flow depends on the assessment of the speed characteristics of the vehicles that form the flow, and, therefore, is related to the issues of studying the speed characteristics of real vehicles. Practical significance: At a sufficiently low density of the traffic flow, the incoming flow is close to the Poisson one. As traffic increases and road conditions worsen, the risk of overtaking increases and clusters are formed, consisting of a slow car moving in front and a group of fast cars that cannot overtake a slow one. In such cases, we can assume that the incoming flow is a Bartlett flow, which has the following form: clusters form a Poisson flow, and the cluster length distribution is a two-parameter Bartlett distribution. One of the parameters of this distribution is the probability of having a group of fast cars, and the second parameter characterizes the distribution of the number of cars in this group. Discussion: In this paper, we study the questions of setting a qualitative probabilistic structure and quantitative parameters of random flows, which are elements of queuing systems used as traffic models.
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Harvey, Kushner, S. Markowitz Ronald, Mechanic Alan, and Black Perry. "Models of Spinal Cord Injury: Part 2." Neurosurgery 19, no. 5 (November 1, 1986): 763–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198611000-00007.
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Abstract A mathematical model was constructed to predict motor performance in rats for 8 weeks after spinal cord injury. The model is based on experimental data generated from an investigation of the static-load technique of inducing cord injury and was derived using multiple linear regression. The regression coefficients for weight of the injury-producing load were statistically significant (P < 0.001), and it was found that the weight of the load contributes over 95% of the posttrauma motor deficit, whereas the time duration of the load resting on the cord contributes less than 5% to the deficit. Sex, pretrauma motor performance, and pretrauma body weight are insignificant covariates. The model may be used to establish expected motor deficits and to derive dose-response curves.
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Kilyanov, M. Yu, A. I. Lavrenchuk, A. V. Muradov, V. M. Lomovsky, A. V. Bugakov, and I. M. Kolesnikov. "Mathematical description of some regularities of mutual influence of physicochemical and motor characteristics of diesel fuel." Proceedings of Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, no. 2 (2022): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33285/2073-9028-2022-2(307)-37-45.
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Avramenko, Andrii. "Selecting a k-ε turbulence model for investigating n-decane combustion in a diesel engine combustion chamber." French-Ukrainian Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 2 (2019): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/fujcv7i2p80-87.
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The results of a comparative numerical simulation of combustion and formation of toxic substances in a diesel engine combustion chamber are given. Experimental findings were used to identify the mathematical models. The impact of the standard, RNG and realizable k-ε turbulence models on the accuracy of numerical simulation of combustion and the formation of toxic substances was studied. The realizable k-ε turbulence model was shown to provide a closer agreement of computational and experimental data during simulation of the diesel engine process when turbulent flows are described.
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Iqteit, Nassim A., Khalid Yahya, Firas M. Makahleh, Hani Attar, Ayman Amer, Ahmed Amin Ahmed Solyman, Ahmad Qudaimat, and Khaled Tamizi. "Simple Mathematical and Simulink Model of Stepper Motor." Energies 15, no. 17 (August 25, 2022): 6159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176159.
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This paper presents a simple mathematical and Simulink model of a two-phase hybrid stepper motor, where ignoring the permeance space harmonics of the hybrid stepper motor is regarded as the main physical assumption in this article. Moreover, the dq transformation method is adopted as the main mathematical approach for the derivation of the proposed model, where simple voltages, currents, and torque equations are obtained and used to build the proposed Simulink and circuit model of the stepper motor. The validity and the effectiveness of the proposed model are examined by comparing its results with the results collected from the Simulink model in the library of Matlab. The obtained simulation results showed that the proposed model achieved a high simplicity and high accuracy when compared with conventional models.
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Krykowski, Krzysztof, and Janusz Hetmańczyk. "Constant Current Models of Brushless DC Motor." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 3, no. 1 (August 1, 2013): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2013-0010.
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Abstract Two constant current models of Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current Motor (PM BLDC) are presented in the paper. In the first part of the paper principle of operation, basic properties and mathematical equations describing PM BLDC models are given. Then, two different constant current models of PM BLDC motor are considered: In the first model, PM BLDC motor is approximated with dc motor; in the second model, modified constant current model is applied with additional block, which is used to take into account the impact of inductance on torque-speed characteristics. In order to verify these models, torque-speed characteristics have been determined and compared for different motor supply voltages. After running a series of simulation and laboratory tests, we have found that this modified model (which makes allowance for the influence of inductance on torque-speed characteristics) ensures obtaining torque-speed characteristics identical to those of the real motor. Therefore, this model may be recommended for those simulation tests which do not consider effects occurring inside the electronic commutator-motor circuit. However, approximation of PM BLDC motor with dc motor is not recommended in computer tests.
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Torres-Falcon, Maria, Omar Rodríguez-Abreo, Francisco Antonio Castillo-Velásquez, Alejandro Flores-Rangel, Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz, and José Manuel Álvarez-Alvarado. "Novel Mathematical Method to Obtain the Optimum Speed and Fuel Reduction in Heavy Diesel Trucks." Energies 14, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 8121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238121.
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In Mexico and many parts of the world, land cargo transport units (UTTC) operate at high speeds, causing accidents, increased fuel costs, and high levels of polluting emissions in the atmosphere. The speed in road driving, by the carriers, has been a factor little studied; however, it causes serious damage. This problem is reflected in accidents, road damage, low efficiency in the life of the engine and tires, low fuel efficiency, and high polluting emissions, among others. The official Mexican standard NOM-012-SCT-2-2017 on the weight and maximum dimensions with which motor transport vehicles can circulate, which travel through the general communication routes of the federal jurisdiction, establishes the speed limit at the one to be driven by an operator. Because of the new reality, the uses and customs of truck operators have been affected, mainly in their operating expenses. In this work, a mathematical model is presented with which the optimum driving speed of a UTTC is obtained. The speed is obtained employing the equality between the forces required to move the motor unit and the force that the tractor has available. The required forces considered are the force on the slope, the aerodynamic force, and the friction force, and the force available was considered the engine torque. This mathematical method was tested in seven routes in Mexico, obtaining significant savings of fuel above 10%. However, the best performance route possesses 65% flat terrain and 35% hillocks without mountainous terrain, regular type of highway, and a load of 20,000 kg, where the savings increase up to 16.44%.
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Zeng, Hong, Xiao Ling Zhao, and Jun Dong Zhang. "Modeling and Performance Analysis of Combined-Cycle Based Ship Power Plant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1240.
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For combined-cycle power plant performance analysis, a ship power plant mathematical model is developed, including diesel engine, controllable pitch propeller, exhaust gas boiler, turbine generator and shaft generator models. The simulation performance characteristic curves of diesel engine under various loads are given. Comparison of simulation results and experimental data shows the model can well predict the performance of diesel engine in various operating conditions. The specific fuel oil consumption contours of combined-cycle power plant and the relations between engine operating conditions and steam cycle parameters are given. The influence of diesel engine operating conditions to the overall performance of combined-cycle power plant is discussed.
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Anshory, I., I. Robandi, and Wirawan. "Identification parameter system for mathematical modeling BLDC motor using transfer function models." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 821 (May 29, 2020): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/821/1/012023.
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Xie, Rui, Xinyuan Ge, Ripeng Hu, Junpeng Zhu, and Bin Xie. "Parallel operation simulation of medium voltage diesel emergency power supply vehicles." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2187, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2187/1/012066.
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Abstract The large-scale emergency load demand improves the requirements of distribution network for emergency power capacity, and the working condition of multi-engine parallel operation of medium voltage diesel emergency power supply vehicles also arises. In order to solve the difficulty of parallel simulation of medium voltage diesel emergency power supply vehicles, this paper establishes the simulation model of medium voltage diesel emergency power supply vehicles by analyzing the mathematical models of internal components. According to the parameter conditions of parallel operation, the parallel controller is designed. Finally, the multi-engine parallel system model of medium voltage diesel emergency power supply vehicles is built by using Matlab / Simulink, and the parallel operation simulation of medium voltage diesel generator vehicles is completed.
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Barnes, Marcia A., Allison Stubbs, Kimberly P. Raghubar, Alba Agostino, Heather Taylor, Susan Landry, Jack M. Fletcher, and Brenda Smith-Chant. "Mathematical Skills in 3- and 5-Year-Olds with Spina Bifida and Their Typically Developing Peers: A Longitudinal Approach." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 17, no. 3 (March 22, 2011): 431–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617711000233.
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AbstractPreschoolers with spina bifida (SB) were compared to typically developing (TD) children on tasks tapping mathematical knowledge at 36 months (n = 102) and 60 months of age (n = 98). The group with SB had difficulty compared to TD peers on all mathematical tasks except for transformation on quantities in the subitizable range. At 36 months, vocabulary knowledge, visual–spatial, and fine motor abilities predicted achievement on a measure of informal math knowledge in both groups. At 60 months of age, phonological awareness, visual–spatial ability, and fine motor skill were uniquely and differentially related to counting knowledge, oral counting, object-based arithmetic skills, and quantitative concepts. Importantly, the patterns of association between these predictors and mathematical performance were similar across the groups. A novel finding is that fine motor skill uniquely predicted object-based arithmetic abilities in both groups, suggesting developmental continuity in the neurocognitive correlates of early object-based and later symbolic arithmetic problem solving. Models combining 36-month mathematical ability and these language-based, visual–spatial, and fine motor abilities at 60 months accounted for considerable variance on 60-month informal mathematical outcomes. Results are discussed with reference to models of mathematical development and early identification of risk in preschoolers with neurodevelopmental disorder. (JINS, 2011, 17, 431–444)
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Kiselev, V. I., T. O. Vakhromeeva, and A. I. Fedyanin. "Increasing reliability of traction electric motors of diesel locomotives taking into account thermophysical parameters of insulation and armature winding conductors." RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL 81, no. 3 (September 6, 2022): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-213-220.
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Introduction. The issue of ensuring the operable state of the DC traction motor is relevant due to its large-scale use on diesel locomotives, including modern powerful motors, operating on lines with increased train masses. At present, a rather difficult situation has developed in the locomotive industry with the failure of diesel locomotive traction electric motors due to a decrease in the insulation resistance of the armature windings of the electric motors and their subsequent breakdowns: up to 28 % of the total number of failures of electric motors are due to breakdown of the hull insulation and interturn short circuit of the armature and 13 % of cases are due to reduction in the resistance of the insulating material.Materials and methods. The paper considers the main directions of scientific research on the causes of insulation integrity failure, which lead to unscheduled repairs of traction motors. The theoretical substantiation of the root causes of insulation destruction is based on the importance of taking into account the coefficients of thermal linear expansion of copper and its insulating materials. In order to study thermodynamic processes in the winding of a traction motor, a computational finite element model of a winding coil laid in the groove of the armature core has been developed. The winding model is represented separately by a conductor and insulation, between which contact conditions are specified. The conductor of the calculation model heats up to 120 °C from the current flow. Mathematical apparatus embedded in the MSC calculation program, Patran – Nastran, made it possible to evaluate the deformation of the conductor relative to the insulation as a result of a linear increment due to thermal expansion.Results. With the help of mathematical modelling and based on the results of finite element analysis, the confirmation of the theoretical justification is clearly shown. The difference in elongation during heating of the motor armature conductor and insulation, obtained by mathematical modelling, is 0.6 mm and is significant for the winding (consisting of a conductor and insulation), which is usually considered as a single whole body.Discussion and conclusion. The obtained result shows the need for more detailed studies to select the technology for the insulation of the DC traction motor. The use of insulating materials for the armature winding with coefficients of thermal linear expansion equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the copper conductors of the winding will improve the reliability of traction electric motors of diesel locomotives in operation.
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Kumbár, V., and J. Votava. "Effect of the Rapeseed Oil Methyl Ester Component on Conventional Diesel Fuel Properties." Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 45, no. 4 (January 29, 2015): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sab-2015-0006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The effect of the rapeseed oil methyl ester (RME) component in diesel fuel was assessed. Dynamic viscosity and density of blends were particularly observed. Measurements were performed at standard constant temperature. Increasing ratio of RME in diesel fuel was reflected in increased density value and dynamic viscosity of the blend. In the case of pure RME, pure diesel fuel, and the blend of both, temperature dependence of dynamic viscosity and density was examined. Considerable temperature dependence of dynamic viscosity and density was found out and demonstrated for all three samples. This finding is in accordance with theoretical assumptions and literature data sources. Mathematical models were developed and tested. Temperature dependence of dynamic viscosity was modelled using the 3rd degree polynomial. Temperature dependence of density was modelled using the 2nd degree polynomial. The proposed models can be used for flow behaviour prediction of RME, diesel fuel, and their blends.