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Academic literature on the topic 'Diel patterns'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Diel patterns"

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Learner, Michael, James Pickering, and Roy Wiles. "Diel emergence patterns of chironomids." Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 75, no. 5 (1990): 569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19900750501.

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Selvan, Kangaraj Muthamizh, Bawa Mothilal Krishnakumar, Pasiyappazham Ramasamy, and Thangadurai Thinesh. "Diel activity pattern of meso-carnivores in the suburban tropical dry evergreen forest of the Coromandel Coast, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 8 (June 26, 2019): 13960–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4850.11.8.13960-13966.

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Sympatric and similar body-sized species exhibit interspecific competition for resources. The present study investigated diel activity of five meso-carnivore species (Canis aureus, Felis chaus, Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, Viverricula indica, and Herpestes edwardsii) in a human-dominated region of Auroville and around Pondicherry University using camera-trap survey data. Diel activity pattern and overlap were estimated using the kernel density method. The Jungle Cat Felis chaus and the Golden Jackal Canis aureus exhibited cathemeral diel activity with a high overlap between them (Δ̂1 = 0.78). The Indian Grey Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii displayed a diurnal activity pattern and had low overlap with the Small Indian Civet Viverricula indica (Δ̂1 = 0.34). Moderate overlap was found between the Small Indian Civet and the Palm Civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus (Δ̂1 = 0.32). Therefore, diel activity patterns of mesocarnivores indicate inter- and intra-specific trade-off competition avoidance resulting in successful foraging. The present camera-trap survey has provided insights into diel activity patterns and more attention is required to be paid to the study of feeding and breeding ecology of these species in human-dominated landscapes.
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Greiwe, Jan, Markus Weiler, and Jens Lange. "Diel patterns in stream nitrate concentration produced by in-stream processes." Biogeosciences 18, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 4705–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4705-2021.

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Abstract. Diel variability in stream NO3- concentration represents the sum of all processes affecting NO3- concentration along the flow path. Being able to partition diel NO3- signals into portions related to different biochemical processes would allow calculation of daily rates of such processes that would be useful for water quality predictions. In this study, we aimed to identify distinct diel patterns in high-frequency NO3- monitoring data and investigated the origin of these patterns. Monitoring was performed at three locations in a 5.1 km long stream reach draining a 430 km2 catchment. Monitoring resulted in 355 complete daily recordings on which we performed a k-means cluster analysis. We compared travel time estimates to time lags between monitoring sites to differentiate between in-stream and transport control on diel NO3- patterns. We found that travel time failed to explain the observed lags and concluded that in-stream processes prevailed in the creation of diel variability. Results from the cluster analysis showed that at least 70 % of all diel patterns reflected shapes typically associated with photoautotrophic NO3- assimilation. The remaining patterns suggested that other processes (e.g., nitrification, denitrification, and heterotrophic assimilation) contributed to the formation of diel NO3- patterns. Seasonal trends in diel patterns suggest that the relative importance of the contributing processes varied throughout the year. These findings highlight the potential in high-frequency water quality monitoring data for a better understanding of the seasonality in biochemical processes.
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James, M. C., C. A. Ottensmeyer, S. A. Eckert, and R. A. Myers. "Changes in diel diving patterns accompany shifts between northern foraging and southward migration in leatherback turtles." Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, no. 5 (May 2006): 754–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z06-046.

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Diel diving patterns have been widely documented among plankton-feeding marine vertebrates. In many cases, these patterns have been interpreted as a response to the diel vertical migrations of prey. The leatherback turtle, Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761), is a large marine predator that exploits gelatinous plankton in disparate foraging areas. Individuals of this species spend extended periods at northern latitudes before moving southward through pelagic waters. To identify and compare potential diel patterns of diving behaviour in temperate areas, where foraging has been observed, versus during southward migration, 15 subadult and adult leatherbacks were equipped with satellite-linked time–depth recorders off Nova Scotia, Canada. We observed variation in nocturnal versus diurnal behaviour, both at northern latitudes and during migration; however, diel differences in both diving and surface activity were much less pronounced while leatherbacks were in the north. We interpret the difference in leatherback diel diving regimen to reflect a response to changing resource conditions at these times, with leatherbacks foraging throughout the day and night at high latitudes, then changing to a bimodal pattern of diving during southward migration, with generally longer, deeper diving occurring during the night versus during the day. By quantifying diel changes in leatherback behaviour, we provide the first surface time correction factors based on multiple individuals for use in estimating abundance from aerial surveys.
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Han, Bo-Ping, and Milan Straškraba. "Modeling patterns of zooplankton diel vertical migration." Journal of Plankton Research 20, no. 8 (1998): 1463–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/20.8.1463.

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Angielczyk, K. D., and L. Schmitz. "Nocturnality in synapsids predates the origin of mammals by over 100 million years." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1793 (October 22, 2014): 20141642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1642.

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Nocturnality is widespread among extant mammals and often considered the ancestral behavioural pattern for all mammals. However, mammals are nested within a larger clade, Synapsida, and non-mammalian synapsids comprise a rich phylogenetic, morphological and ecological diversity. Even though non-mammalian synapsids potentially could elucidate the early evolution of diel activity patterns and enrich the understanding of synapsid palaeobiology, data on their diel activity are currently unavailable. Using scleral ring and orbit dimensions, we demonstrate that nocturnal activity was not an innovation unique to mammals but a character that appeared much earlier in synapsid history, possibly several times independently. The 24 Carboniferous to Jurassic non-mammalian synapsid species in our sample featured eye morphologies consistent with all major diel activity patterns, with examples of nocturnality as old as the Late Carboniferous ( ca 300 Ma). Carnivores such as Sphenacodon ferox and Dimetrodon milleri , but also the herbivorous cynodont Tritylodon longaevus were likely nocturnal, whereas most of the anomodont herbivores are reconstructed as diurnal. Recognizing the complexity of diel activity patterns in non-mammalian synapsids is an important step towards a more nuanced picture of the evolutionary history of behaviour in the synapsid clade.
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Bahamon, Nixon, Francesc Sardà, and Jacopo Aguzzi. "Fuzzy diel patterns in catchability of deep-water species on the continental margin." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 10 (July 8, 2009): 2211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp190.

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Abstract Bahamon, N., Sardà, F., and Aguzzi, J. 2009. Fuzzy diel patterns in catchability of deep-water species on the continental margin. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 2211–2218. Exploited deep-water fish communities on continental margins are poorly understood in terms of variations in species composition and abundance by depth and season as a response to diel changes in light intensity and length of photoperiod. Innovative fuzzy clustering and traditional agglomerative hierarchical clustering methods were applied to data from bottom trawls collected continuously for 4 d in October and June, on the shelf (100–110 m) and upper slope (400–430 m). Fuzzy clustering was more effective than hierarchical clustering at characterizing diel variations in catches from the upper slope because the species assemblage did not show a distinct day and night structure. On the shelf, the species assemblages shifted abruptly between a diurnal and a nocturnal structure at sunset and sunrise, and the two clustering methods yielded similar results. Endobenthic decapods with marked crepuscular-nocturnal emergence from the substratum were mostly responsible for this pattern. No clearly discernible diel pattern was found with the dampening of light intensity with depth, weakening the behavioural response of endobenthos to the day–night cycle. The results indicated that the regulatory effect of the light cycle on diel activity rhythms weakens with depth.
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Boyer, S., L. Maillot, L.-C. Gouagna, D. Fontenille, D. D. Chadee, and G. Lemperiere. "Diel Activity Patterns of MaleAedes albopictusin the Laboratory." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 29, no. 1 (March 2013): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/12-6259r.1.

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Tarrant, Ann M., Nora McNamara-Bordewick, Leocadio Blanco-Bercial, Andrea Miccoli, and Amy E. Maas. "Diel metabolic patterns in a migratory oceanic copepod." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 545 (December 2021): 151643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2021.151643.

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Goulden, Michael L., Scott D. Miller, Humberto R. da Rocha, Mary C. Menton, Helber C. de Freitas, Adelaine Michela e Silva Figueira, and Cleilim Albert Dias de Sousa. "DIEL AND SEASONAL PATTERNS OF TROPICAL FOREST CO2EXCHANGE." Ecological Applications 14, sp4 (August 2004): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/02-6008.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diel patterns"

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Ross, Monica Ann. "Seasonal and Diel Patterns of Manatee Habitat Use." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2209.

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State and Federal agencies have created sanctuaries and speed zones to help reduce manatee mortality while incorporating the recreational and commercial resource needs of these same habitats for humans. Specific habitat resources are considered necessary to increase manatee survivorship. We have only recently begun to address how manatees use some of these resources based on physiological or reproductive strategies. In this study, I quantified patterns of habitat use during seasonal and diel periods for different sex and reproductive manatee classes using data from a radio-telemetry study conducted by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission during 1991-1996. I used five environmental geographic data layers: bathymetry, distance to seagrass, distance to shoreline, distance to warm water refuge sites, and distance to fresh water sources, to discriminate seasonal and diel habitat use patterns for different manatee classes: males (M), females with calves (FWC), and females without calves (FNC). Mean occupancy values were calculated for environmental variable locations and seasonal, diel, and manatee class differences were tested using a Multi-Response Permutation Procedure (MRPP). Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMS) was used to visualize the ordination patterns of the manatee classes and to assess importance of correlated environmental variables. Significant differences in habitat use were noted between summer and winter based on distances to warm water, seagrass, and fresh water sources but similar habitat use patterns were exhibited within summer diel periods among manatee classes. All manatee classes appeared to have used a higher proportion of locations closer in proximity to seagrass at night than day in winter indicating a disproportionate difference in feeding bouts between diel periods. These differences may be attributed to adjusting feeding strategies to reduce thermoregulatory costs or to decrease human interactions. Differences in patterns were exhibited for the winter diel periods specifically for the FWC manatee classes during winter days. FWC had a higher proportion of locations within the warm water refuges during the day indicating a possible trade off situation between food consumption and thermal exposure. This study demonstrates coarse and fine scale patterns of variation in habitat use for manatees both seasonally and daily within winter. It also suggests that during winter months, manatees were not just utilizing their habitat but they appeared to have preferences and selection for certain habitat types. Recovery of a species is greatly enhanced when patterns of habitat use within the species' environment has been clearly defined. Understanding more specifically what types of habitats manatees choose might allow management to adjust strategies for protection of key habitats while encouraging further recovery of this species.
M.S.
Department of Biology
Sciences
Biology MS
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Holmes, Neil David. "Diel patterns of behaviour in the western flower thrips." Thesis, Keele University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485793.

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Frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) is a serious pest of protected crops within the UK because it damages crops and is a vector of tospoviruses. It is resistant to a wide range of insecticides and exhibits thigmokinetic behaviour, making contact between pest and treatment difficult. Applying control procedures to correspond with the diel behaviour patterns of F. occidentalis could enhance control ofthrips. Studies of glasshouse crops showed that the abundance of adults on leaves and flowers increased in ~he afternoon compared to the morning. This could not be accounted for by movements within or between plants, but could be from sites off the plant. This hypothesis deserves further investigation. Infrared videography in the glasshouse generally showed little difference In abundance on plant parts between scotophase and photoppase. In addition, observations made at the time suggested that there was little difference in locomotory activity between the light phases. Contrastingly, laboratory locomotory activity patterns showed an increase in the early morning and late afternoon. A light burst during the scotophase, devised in the lliboratory to enhance locomotory activity, had little effect on thrips in a cucumber glasshouse. These two findings cast doubt on the applicability of laboratory studies to the glasshouse. Flight could be predicted well using ambient light and temperature and showed a clear diel pattern. There was a diel pattern of larval dropping to the ground to pupate, with the majority of larvae falling between late afternoon and midnight. Further sampling within a ,?ucumber glasshouse showed that on any particular day most larvae dropped within a two-hour window. Flight activity, and larvae falling from the crop showed clear' diel patterns. Locomotory activity on the crop djd not show a clear diel pattern. Interpretation and use of these findings would depend upon the type of control procedure applied to a crop.
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Olivares, Requena Manuel. "Patterns of activity in marine planktonic copepods: diel rhythms and driving factors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672940.

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Marine planktonic copepods play a key ecological role in pelagic food webs. The study of their patterns of activity is fundamental in order to better understand the processes involved in the transfer of energy from lower trophic levels to higher- level consumers in marine ecosystems. This thesis is an attempt to deepen the knowledge of the factors that affect the activity patterns of marine copepods. Some of these aspects had not been addressed previously and others still required further investigation. In particular, this thesis primarily focuses on the study of daily and diel patterns of feeding of marine planktonic copepods, and the influence of factors like ontogeny, gender, food availability, predation threat, light conditions, mutigenerational rearing in the laboratory, and temperature. The experimental work carried out in this thesis mostly consisted of laboratory incubations using wild and laboratory-reared specimens of the calanoid copepods Centropages typicus and Paracartia grani. Among the main findings in this thesis are the stage- and gender-specific differences in the feeding patterns of marine planktonic copepods. Moreover, we analyzed the role of predation risk and that of other factors in the modulation of feeding rhythms, and also evaluated the physiological costs related to temperature fluctuations involved in diel vertical migration. The new insights obtained in this thesis will certainly increase our capability to estimate the grazing impact of copepod populations in plankton communities, and will allow us to obtain better estimates of energy transfer in marine pelagic food webs.
Els copèpodes planctònics tenen un paper ecològic clau en les xarxes tròfiques pelàgiques marines. L'estudi dels seus patrons d'activitat és fonamental per a comprendre millor els processos involucrats en la transferència d'energia des dels nivells tròfics inferiors cap als consumidors superiors en els ecosistemes marins. Aquesta tesi és un intent d’aprofundir en el coneixement sobre els factors que modulen els patrons d'activitat dels copèpodes marins. Alguns d'aquests aspectes no s'havien estudiat prèviament i altres encara requerien més investigació. En particular, aquesta tesi se centra principalment en l'estudi dels patrons diaris d'alimentació dels copèpodes planctònics marins i la influència de factors com l'ontogènia, el gènere, la disponibilitat d'aliment, l'amenaça de depredació, les condicions de llum, la criança multigeneracional al laboratori i la temperatura. El treball experimental dut a terme en aquesta tesi ha consistit majoritàriament en incubacions de laboratori utilitzant espècimens salvatges i de laboratori dels copèpodes calanoids Centropages typicus i Paracartia grani. Entre les principals troballes en aquesta tesi destaquen les diferències en els patrons d'alimentació entre estadis de desenvolupament i entre sexes de copèpodes planctònics marins. També s'analitza el paper del risc de depredació i el d'altres factors en la modulació dels ritmes d'alimentació i s'avaluen els costos fisiològics relacionats amb les fluctuacions de temperatura implicades en la migració vertical diària. Els nous coneixements obtinguts en aquesta tesi augmentaran la nostra capacitat per estimar l'impacte de la depredació de les poblacions de copèpodes en les comunitats de plàncton i ens permetran obtenir millors estimes de la transferència energètica en les xarxes tròfiques pelàgiques marines.
Los copépodos planctónicos desempeñan un papel ecológico clave en las redes tróficas pelágicas marinas. El estudio de sus patrones de actividad es fundamental para comprender mejor los procesos involucrados en la transferencia de energía desde los niveles tróficos inferiores a los consumidores superiores en los ecosistemas marinos. Esta tesis es un intento de profundizar en el conocimiento sobre los factores que modulan los patrones de actividad de los copépodos marinos. Algunos de estos aspectos no se habían estudiado previamente y otros aún requerían más investigación. En particular, esta tesis se centra principalmente en el estudio de los patrones diarios de alimentación de los copépodos planctónicos marinos y la influencia de factores como la ontogenia, el género, la disponibilidad de alimento, la amenaza de depredación, las condiciones de luz, la crianza multigeneracional en el laboratorio y la temperatura. El trabajo experimental llevado a cabo en esta tesis ha consistido mayoritariamente en incubaciones de laboratorio utilizando especímenes salvajes y de laboratorio de los copépodos calanoideos Centropages typicus y Paracartia grani. Entre los principales hallazgos en esta tesis destacan las diferencias en los patrones de alimentación entre estadios de desarrollo y entre sexos de copépodos planctónicos marinos. También se analiza el papel del riesgo de depredación y el de otros factores en la modulación de los ritmos de alimentación y se evalúan los costes fisiológicos relacionados con las fluctuaciones de temperatura implicadas en la migración vertical diaria. Los nuevos conocimientos obtenidos en esta tesis aumentarán nuestra capacidad para estimar el impacto de la depredación de las poblaciones de copépodos en las comunidades de plancton y nos permitirán obtener mejores estimaciones de la transferencia energética en las redes tróficas pelágicas marinas.
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Ivory, Jami Alora. "Diel, Seasonal, and Interannual Patterns in Mesozooplankton Abundance in the Sargasso Sea." W&M ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617964.

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Temporal changes in mesozooplankton community structure are influenced by a combination of environmental factors. Epipelagic mesozooplankton biomass in the Sargasso Sea has increased over the last two decades, with a related increase in zooplankton-mediated carbon export. Unknown, however, are the patterns and variability at different temporal scales (diel, seasonal, and interannual) in abundance of each major zooplankton taxon, and how these patterns relate to physical and other environmental changes. I enumerated major taxa of mesozooplankton collected from monthly day and night net tows in the epipelagic zone at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site in the Sargasso Sea from 1999 to 2010. Abundances of each taxon were determined using a ZooScan optical imaging system and microscopy. Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) were used to determine what environmental parameters best explain abundance of major taxa. I used annual averages to determine broader patterns. Zooplankton taxa with the most pronounced diel vertical migration (i.e., night:day ratio, N:D, » 1 ) included euphausiids (N:D=1.9), Limacina spp. pteropods (1.5), and other thecosome (shelled) pteropods (1.6). Taxa with a pronounced spring abundance peak included euphausiids, larvaceans, and Limacina spp., while harpacticoid copepods peaked in late summer, and calanoid copepods in both spring and summer. There is some evidence of changes in phenology occurring in calanoid copepods and chaetognaths that exhibited spring abundance peaks on average 1-month earlier than reported for the same taxa in the early 1960’s. Many taxa, including all copepod taxa, exhibited a period of highest abundance increase in 2003, coinciding with a 2003 April diatom bloom and the largest primary production peak (April 2003) in the time series. There was also indication of a long-term increase in calanoid and oncaeid copepod abundance. Sub-decadal-scale climate oscillations, long term warming, and ocean acidification may be driving decreases in larvaceans, Limacina spp., and other shelled pteropod densities. Environmental variables affecting abundance differed among taxa. For example, calanoid copepod density was highly influenced by the abundance of a major predatorchaetognaths. Multi-year densities of calanoid copepods and ostracods both increased with increasing Water Column Stratification Index and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) index, indicating warmer sea surface temperatures are favorable for these taxa. These patterns in zooplankton community structure have important implications for energy transfer in pelagic food webs and for biogeochemical cycling.
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Quinney, Tom. "The Diel Patterns of Glucosidase Activity and Dissolved Carbohydrates in South Florida Coastal Waters." NSUWorks, 1998. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/324.

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The response of diel extracellular α and β-glucosidase activity to in situ dissolved carbohydrates was explored in coastal marine waters. The hypothesis being tested was to determine whether natural substrate could regulate enzyme activity. Relative enzyme activity was determined using artificial 4-methylumbelliferone (MUF) substrate derivatives at low substrate concentrations (300 nM). Disssolved carbohydrate concentrations were measured using the 3-methyl-2-benzothlazolinone hydrazone hydrochloride (MBTH) method: a spectrophotometric determination of monosaccharide concentrations. Six studies were conducted and p-glucosidase activity (BOA) was found to be positively correlated with dissolved polysaccharide concentrations (PCHO) in two studies which suggests that PCHO can potentially regulate BOA. A significant inverse correlation (Spearman) between dissolved monosaccharides (MCHO) and β-glucosidase activity was found in one study suggesting that MCHO was capable of repressing and/or inhibiting the activity of β-glucosidase under some conditions. Three significant positive relationships were found between α-glucosidase (AOA) and BOA suggesting that there was a tight coupling between substrate release and hydrolysis. No obvious relationships were found between hydrolytic enzymes and dissolved carbohydrates in three diel studies. This may have been due to uncontrollable factors such as nutrient limitation, grazing and the inability to distinguish between α- and β-glucans. Combined data for PCHO and BOA showed an inverse relationship suggesting that high levels of naturally occurring PCHO may compete with MUF-β-glucans for β-glucosidase active sites causing a lower rate of MUF-β-glucan hydrolysis.
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Watts, James C. "Diel Patterns of Foraging Aggression and Antipredator Behavior in the Trashline Orb-weaving Spider, Cyclosa turbinata." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2334.

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Few studies have rigorously assessed the adaptive value of diel rhythms in animals. We laid the groundwork for assessing the adaptive rhythm hypothesis by assaying diel rhythms of foraging and antipredator behavior in the orb-weaving spider Cyclosa turbinata. When confronted with a predator stimulus in experimental arenas, C. turbinata exhibited thanatosis behavior more frequently and for longer durations during the day. However, assays of antipredator response within webs revealed more complex diel patterns of avoidance behaviors and no pattern of avoidance behavior duration. Assays of prey capture behavior found that the likelihood of exhibiting prey capture behavior varied significantly across times of day and test subjects, but only test subject predicted attack latencies. Although C. turbinata foraging aggression changed over the diel cycle, we found no evidence of a trade-off between foraging behavior and predator vigilance. However, overall patterns of vigilance may be masked by diel changes in antipredator strategies.
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Grácio, Ana Rita Pereira. "Diel variation in movement patterns and habitat use by the near-threatened cabrera vole in mediterranean farmland." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18612.

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As variações circadianas no comportamento animal e o seu impacto nas populações constituem desafios importantes em ecologia e conservação. Nesta tese documentam-se as variações circadianas no uso do habitat e padrões de movimento pelo rato de Cabrera, em habitats Mediterrânicos fragmentados. O estudo baseou-se no radio-seguimento de indivíduos em habitats dominados por herbáceas e arbustos. Os resultados indicaram que a proporção de tempo despendido em deslocações, a distância percorrida, e a selecção do tipo de vegetação, estão fortemente interrelacionados, variando consideravelmente ao longo de diferentes períodos do dia. Os ratos movimentaram-se mais frequentemente e maiores distâncias nos períodos diurnos, durante os quais as áreas dominadas por herbáceas foram usadas mais intensivamente. Durante a estação seca houve alguma tendência para a diminuição dos movimentos durante as horas mais quentes. Estes resultados são discutidos no sentido de mostrar como indicadores comportamentais podem contribuir para melhorar a gestão e conservação da espécie; ABSTRACT: Understanding the circadian variations in species behaviour and its impacts on population is a challenging topic in ecology and conservation. This thesis documents the circadian variations in habitat use and movement patterns by Cabrera voles in fragmented Mediterranean farmland. The study was based on radiotracking data of individuals living in habitat patches dominated by wet grasses and shrubs. Results indicated that the proportion of time animals spent moving, the distance moved and the selection strength of vegetation were closely linked behavioural traits, which varied considerably across the 24 hour cycle. Voles moved more frequently and over larger distances during daytime, which was when wet grasses were used more intensively. During the dry season there was some tendency for a decrease in movement activity during the hottest hours of the day. These results are used to discuss how behavioural indicators may be useful to improve conservation management of the species.
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Hänselmann, Kristin [Verfasser], and Axel [Akademischer Betreuer] Temming. "Diel Vertical Migration Patterns of Baltic Sea Copepods Analysed with a Video Plankton Recorder / Kristin Hänselmann ; Betreuer: Axel Temming." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198404248/34.

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Hänselmann, Kristin Verfasser], and Axel [Akademischer Betreuer] [Temming. "Diel Vertical Migration Patterns of Baltic Sea Copepods Analysed with a Video Plankton Recorder / Kristin Hänselmann ; Betreuer: Axel Temming." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198404248/34.

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Fahy, Daniel P. "Diel Activity Patterns, Space Utilization, Seasonal Distribution and Population Structure of the Yellow Stingray, Urobatis jamaicensis (Cuvier, 1817) in South Florida with Comments on Reproduction." NSUWorks, 2004. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/121.

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The yellow stingray, Urobatis jamaicensis is the most common elasmobranch in the coastal waters of Southeast Florida. Despite their common occurrence the ecology of yellow stingrays remains poorly understood. In particular, yellow stingray daily movements, space utilization, seasonal distribution and population structure have not been described. This study was conducted to address the lack of knowledge of these fundamental life history parameters and to provide further information on the ecology of U. jamaicensis in coastal waters of Broward County, Florida. The activity patterns and space utilization of U. jamaicensis were assessed by manual tracking with ultrasonic telemetry. Telemetry tracking of 17 stingrays was conducted from January 1998 to September 2001 with data presented on eight individuals tracked for a full diel cycle (24 h). Tracking data was analyzed with the Animal Movement Analysis Extension (AMAE) in Arcview® GIS to provide graphical representation of observed movements within the complex series of reef terraces and hardbottom communities of Broward County. Bottom topography had considerable influence on the space utilization of stingrays and observed movements varied with location in relation to proximity from the reef edge/sand interface. Movement was intermittent throughout the day, but displayed a highly significant increase during the nocturnal and crepuscular phases in comparison to diurnal movements. Nearly all stingrays demonstrated confined movements and indicated strong site fixity, which may imply the existence of home ranging behavior. The 95% (total 24h activity space) and the 50% (core area) Kernel Utilization Distributions (KUD) were constructed to visually display the shape and size of activity spaces. The data was pooled together for the eight individuals tracked for a full diel cycle and divided into four 6-h shifts. Statistically significant larger activity spaces for both the 95% KUD and the 50% KUD were observed during the nocturnal activity phase. Seasonal distribution was assessed to determine animal residency within the study site and ascertain the occurrence and temporal patterns of onshore/offshore movements. Stationary visual fish census techniques (point counts) from several studies conducted in Broward County from January 1998 to December 2003 were combined to determine the level of abundance across three reef tracts, throughout the entire length of the county. Data was tested for monthly and seasonal differences and for variation between reefs. Analysis of seasonal distribution established population residency is year-round with no indication of offshore emigration associated with a temperature preference. Population structure analyses were conducted to determine the sex ratio and size distribution of U. jamaicensis to examine any potential gender segregation or ontogenetic partitioning. The sex ratio was compared for differences monthly, seasonally and between reefs for expected vs. observed frequencies. Only spring observations (March, April, May) evidenced a statistically significant difference from a 1:1 ratio, where females dominated the inshore observations 20F:8M. Average size of both genders was 333mm TL, however, females dominated the larger size classes (>350mm TL). Few neonates were observed during this study with most observations occurring in shallow inshore water (depth), suggesting a nearshore nursery. Increased abundance and presence on the offshore reef among intermediate size classes (250-299mm to 300-349mm) suggests a potential ontogenetic shift to deeper water. Observations on the seasonal patterns of the reproductive condition of female yellow stingrays are also provided.
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Books on the topic "Diel patterns"

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Muṣayqar, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān ʻUbayd, and Samir S. Miladi. Food consumption patterns and dietry habits in the Arab countries of the Gulf. Cairo: FAO Regional Office for the Near East, 1995.

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Broderick, Desmond. Diet and activity patterns of children in primary schools in Ireland. Dublin: St. Patrick's College, 2000.

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Prättälä, Ritva. Young people and food: Socio-cultural studies of food consumption patterns. Helsinki: Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, 1989.

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Chaudhri, Rajiv. The impact of changing affluence on diet and demand patterns for agricultural commodities. Washington, D.C., U.S.A: World Bank, 1986.

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The automatic diet: The proven 10-step process for breaking your fat pattern. New York: Hudson Street Press, 2005.

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Regnum caelorum: Patterns of future hope in early Christianity. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.

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Authorship and cultural identity in early Greece and China: Patterns of literary circulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Holland, Debra Lancaster. Differences in the diel activity patterns of the salamanders Desmognathus quadramaculatus and D. monticola. 1989.

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Nutrition, Diet Modifications and Meal Patterns. 3rd ed. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, 2002.

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Nutrition, Diet Modifications and Meal Patterns. 2nd ed. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Diel patterns"

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Primavera, J. Honculada, and J. Lebata. "Diel activity patterns in Metapenaeus and Penaeus juveniles." In Asia-Pacific Symposium on Mangrove Ecosystems, 295–302. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0289-6_33.

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Zotz, Gerhard, and Klaus Winter. "Diel Patterns of CO2 Exchange in Rainforest Canopy Plants." In Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology, 89–113. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1163-8_3.

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Staicer, Cynthia A., David A. Spector, and Andrew G. Horn. "24. The Dawn Chorus and Other Diel Patterns in Acoustic Signaling." In Ecology and Evolution of Acoustic Communication in Birds, edited by Donald E. Kroodsma and Edward H. Miller, 426–53. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501736957-033.

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Matsubara, Shizue, and Achim Walter. "Living in Day-Night Cycles–Specific Diel Leaf Growth Patterns and the Circadian Control of Photomorphogenesis." In Progress in Botany, 288–314. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36832-8_13.

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Angeli, Nadine, Bernadette Pinel-Alloul, Gérard Balvay, and Isabelle Ménard. "Diel patterns of feeding and vertical migration in daphnids and diaptomids during the clear water phase in Lake Geneva (France)." In Space Partition within Aquatic Ecosystems, 163–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0293-3_16.

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Belz, Malte. "Methode." In Die Phonetik von äh und ähm, 73–112. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62812-6_4.

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ZusammenfassungFür diese Arbeit kombiniere ich phonetische und korpuslinguistische Methoden, indem akustische Messwerte an den von meinen Annotationen ausgezeichneten Stellen aus dem Audiosignal extrahiert und weiter analysiert werden. Zusätzlich definiere ich Annotationswerte, die das akustische Signal beschreiben und in die Analyse einfließen. Dies geht über die ‚klassische‘ Korpusauswertung „gesprochener Korpora“ (Wichmann 2008) hinaus, die sich zwar auf Transkripte von Sprachaufnahmen bezieht (vgl. Kübler & Zinsmeister 2015: 4), aber die in ihnen enthalten „sound patterns“ außen vor lässt (Wichmann 2008: 189).
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Zheng, Yudi, Danilo Ansaloni, Lukas Marek, Andreas Sewe, Walter Binder, Alex Villazón, Petr Tuma, Zhengwei Qi, and Mira Mezini. "Turbo DiSL: Partial Evaluation for High-Level Bytecode Instrumentation." In Objects, Models, Components, Patterns, 353–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30561-0_24.

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Thiele, H. "Injury Patterns in Parachuting." In Die Chirurgie und ihre Spezialgebiete Eine Symbiose, 470–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95662-1_204.

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Spreer, Philipp. "Behavior Patterns für die Kundenbindungsphase." In PsyConversion®, 265–85. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32255-7_6.

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Spreer, Philipp. "Behavior Patterns für die Entscheidungsfindungsphase." In PsyConversion®, 89–264. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32255-7_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Diel patterns"

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Kuzenkov, Oleg, Andrew Morozov, and Galina Kuzenkova. "Recognition of patterns of optimal diel vertical migration of zooplankton using neural networks." In 2019 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2019.8852060.

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Lee, Xia. "Impact of saturation deficit on the diel questing patterns of the blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis) in laboratory and field studies." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112939.

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Tang, Shouhong, Y. Y. Hung, and Quiming Zhu. "New phase measurement for nonmonotonical fringe patterns." In San Dieg - DL Tentative, edited by Chander P. Grover. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.51123.

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Flores-Hernandez, Ricardo, and Francisco De Villa. "Source emission-pattern polynomial representation." In San Dieg - DL Tentative, edited by Michael R. Jacobson. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.22415.

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Zweig, David A., and Robert E. Hufnagel. "Hilbert transform algorithm for fringe-pattern analysis." In San Dieg - DL Tentative, edited by Gregory M. Sanger, Paul B. Reid, and Lionel R. Baker. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.22815.

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Caulfield, H. John. "Industrial applications of optical fuzzy syntactic pattern recognition." In San Dieg - DL Tentative, edited by Chander P. Grover. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.51079.

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Rodriguez, Arturo A., Jon R. Mandeville, and Frederick Y. Wu. "System calibration and part alignment for inspection of 2-D electronic circuit patterns." In San Dieg - DL Tentative, edited by Chander P. Grover. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.51084.

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Su, Wan-Yong, and Xianyu Su. "Optical three-dimensional sensing for measurement of bottomhole pattern." In San Dieg - DL Tentative, edited by Chander P. Grover. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.51059.

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Seong, B. G., J. H. Kim, J. H. Ahn, and K. H. Baik. "A Case Study of Arc-Spray Tooling Process for Production of Sheet Metal Forming Dies." In ITSC2009, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and G. Montavon. ASM International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2009p0562.

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Abstract Arc spraying metal onto a master pattern is an emerging method for making molds and dies. The process, called arc spray metal tooling, involves several steps, which are shown in this paper. Three sheet metal forming dies of varying complexity were made to demonstrate and assess the process. Press tests were performed at a mold and die making facility. Arc-sprayed metal shells produced from carbon steel wire were found to have a tensile strength of approximately 23 kg/mm2, a Vickers hardness of 330 HV, and a dimensional accuracy of about ± 0.1 mm.
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Ramanujachar, Kartik, and Satish Draksharam. "Note on the Use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Clustering for the Analysis of Wafer Level ATPG data." In ISTFA 2006. ASM International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2006p0219.

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Abstract This article explores the use of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering in the analysis of wafer level automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) failure data. The principle of commonality is extended by utilizing hierarchical clustering to collect die that are more similar to one another in their manner of failure than to others. Similarity is established by PCA of the patterns that the die in a wafer fail. Results demonstrated that PCA analysis and clustering are useful tools for dimensionality reduction and commonality analysis of wafer level ATPG data. The utility of PCA analysis and clustering in the extraction of die for physical failure analysis is also illustrated.
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Reports on the topic "Diel patterns"

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Robert Murphy, Robert Murphy. Striped bass diet, health, and movement patterns: Using science to inform management. Experiment, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/3705.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Household dietary patterns and the cost of a nutritious diet in Myanmar. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133344.

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Jerald Brevick and R. Allen Miller. Understanding the Relationship Between Filling Pattern and Part Quality in Die Casting. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/822408.

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Zyriax, Birgit-Christiane, and Eberhard Windler. Lifestyle changes at midlife to prevent cardiovascular disease: a systematic review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0061.

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Review question / Objective: What kind of evidence-based diet and physical activity should or can be recommended to adults in order to reduce their cardiovascular risk. Condition being studied: Cardiovascular disease. Eligibility criteria: Publications will be extracted independently by two researchers according to defined search string and get color coded as agreed on: Yellow: studies and RCTs of the association of nutrients, physical activity and cardiovascular outcomes for discussion. Green: meta-analysis of studies and RCTs of the association of nutrients, physical activity and cardiovascular outcomes. Green subgroup AMSTAR-2: meta-analysis of studies and RCTs of the association of food-patterns and cardiovascular outcomes. The AMSTAR-2 checklist will be used for evaluating the methodological quality of these studies.
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Everest, Grace, Louise Marshall, Caroline Fraser, and Adam Briggs. Addressing the leading risk factors for ill health. The Health Foundation, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37829/hf-2022-p10.

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Smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity and harmful alcohol use are leading risk factors driving the UK’s high burden of preventable ill health and premature mortality. All are socioeconomically patterned and contribute significantly to widening health inequalities. This Health Foundation report summarises recent trends for each of these risk factors and looks at national-level policies for England, introduced or proposed by the UK government between 2016 and 2021. The report reviews the government’s approach and finds a heavy reliance on policies aimed at changing individual behaviour and an uneven approach across risk factors, with particularly weak action on alcohol. The report also identifies that decision making across departments has been disjointed, undermining health improvement targets.
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Houck, Marilyn, Uri Gerson, and Robert Luck. Two Predator Model Systems for the Biological Control of Diaspidid Scale Insects. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7570554.bard.

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Hemisarcoptes (Acari: Hamisarcoptidae) is a parasite of scale insects (Diaspididae), tenacious pests of vascular plants. Hemisarcoptes also has a stenoxenic phoretic (dispersal) relationship with Chilocorus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Chilocorus feeds on diaspidids, transports mites as they feed, and has been applied to the control of scales, with limited success. U.S.-Israeli cooperation focused on this mite-beetle interaction so that a two-component system could be applied to the control of scale insects effectively. Life history patterns of Hemisarcoptes were investigated in response to host plant type and physical parameters. Field and lab data indicated that mites attack all host stages of scales tested, but preferred adult females. Scale species and host plant species influenced the bionomics of Hemisarcoptes. Beetle diet also influenced survival of phoretic mites. Mites use a ventral sucker plate to extract material from Chilocorus, that is essential for development. Seven alkaloids were found in the hemolymph of Chilocorus and three were characterized. Examination of the subelytral surface of Chilocorus indicated that microsetae play a role in the number and distribution of mites a beetle transports. While Hemisarcoptes can be innoculatd into agroecosystems using various indigenous or imported Chilocorus species, the following are preferred: C. bipustulatus, C. cacti, C. distigma, C. fraternus, C. orbus, and C. tristis.
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Campi, Mercedes, Marco Dueñas, and Tommaso Ciarli. Open configuration options Do Creative Industries Enhance Employment Growth? Regional Evidence from Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003993.

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Creative industries are considered highly innovative and productive, constituting an important driver of economic change. For high-income countries, several studies discuss the positive spillovers of creative industries for the local economy, for instance by attracting creative workers, which can benet entrepreneurs and workers in other industries. Like many other activities, creative industries are likely to dier in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. Moreover, the existing evidence is based on correlations between variables likely to be endogenous. This paper contributes to the literature on the role of creative industries in driving economic change in two main ways. First, we make a rst attempt to control for endogeneity and identify the impact of creative industries on local economies. Second, we report evidence for a middle-income country. Using granular employment data, we study the agglomeration patterns of creative industries across Colombian cities between 2008 and 2017. Exploiting the co-location of creative industries with other industries, we estimate the relation between employment growth in creative and non-creative industries in the same city. Using a shift-share instrumental variable approach, we estimate the multiplier eect of employment growth in creative industries on the employment growth in the rest of the economy. Creative industries represented between 2.7 and 3.3 percent of Colombian employment in 2008 and 2017. We nd that creative industries agglomerate mainly in three large cities (Bogota, Medelln, and Cartagena) and in a few smaller cities. Such agglomeration is positively related to an increase in the employment of non-creative services industries. For a positive causal relation to materialize, creative industries should have a larger size or be more connected to other economic sectors. However, after controlling for endogeneity, we nd no signicant impact of an increase of creative industries employment on employment growth in other industries.
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Levin, Ilan, Avtar K. Handa, Avraham Lalazar, and Autar K. Mattoo. Modulating phytonutrient content in tomatoes combining engineered polyamine metabolism with photomorphogenic mutants. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587724.bard.

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Fruit constitutes a major component of our diet, providing fiber, vitamins, minerals, and many other phytonutrients that promote good health. Fleshy fruits, such as tomatoes, already contain high levels of several of these ingredients. Nevertheless, efforts have been invested in increasing and diversifying the content of phytonutrients, such as carotenoids and flavonoids, in tomato fruits. Increasing levels of phytonutrients, such as lycopene, is highly justified from the perspective of the lycopene extraction industry due to cost effectiveness reasons. Diversifying phytonutrients, in particular those that contribute to fruit color, could potentially provide an array of attractive colors to our diet. Our major goal was to devise a novel strategy for developing tomato fruits with enhanced levels of phytochemicals known to promote good health with special emphasis on lycopene content. A further important goal was to analyze global gene expression of selected genetic lines produced throughout this study in order is to dissect the molecular mechanisms regulating phytonutrients accumulation in the tomato fruit. To achieve these goals we proposed to: 1. combine, by classical breeding, engineered polyamine metabolism with photomorphogenic high pigment mutants in order generate tomato plant with exceptionally high levels of phytonutrients; 2. use gene transfer technology for genetic introduction of key genes that promote phytonutrient accumulation in the tomato fruit, 3. Analyze accumulation patterns of the phytonutrients in the tomato fruit during ripening; 4. Analyze global gene expression during fruit ripening in selected genotypes identified in objectives 1 and 2, and 5. Identify and analyze regulatory mechanisms of chloroplast disassembly and chromoplast formation. During the 3 years research period we have carried out most of the research activities laid out in the original proposal and our key conclusions are as follows: 1. the engineered polyamine metabolism strategy proposed by the US collaborators can not increase lycopene content either on its own or in combination with an hp mutant (hp-2ᵈᵍ); 2. The hp-2ᵈᵍ affects strongly the transcriptional profile of the tomato fruit showing a strong tendency for up- rather than down-regulation of genes, 3. Ontology assignment of these miss-regulated genes revealed a consistent up-regulation of genes related to chloroplast biogenesis and photosynthesis in hp-2ᵈᵍ mutants throughout fruit development; 4. A tendency for up-regulation was also usually observed in structural genes involved in phytonutrientbiosynthesis; however this up-regulation was not as consistent. 5. Microscopic observations revealed a significantly higher number of chloroplasts in pericarp cells of mature-green hp-2ᵈᵍ/hp-2ᵈᵍ fruits in comparison to their normal fully isogenic counterparts. 6. The relative abundance of chloroplasts could be observed from early stages of fruit development. Cumulatively these results suggest that: 1. the overproduction of secondary metabolites, characterizing hp-2ᵈᵍ/hp-2ᵈᵍ fruits, is more due to chloroplast number rather then to transcriptional activation of structural genes of the relevant metabolic pathways, and 2. The molecular trigger increasing metabolite levels in hp-2ᵈᵍ mutant fruits should be traced at early stage of fruit development.
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Chamovitz, Daniel, and Xing-Wang Deng. Morphogenesis and Light Signal Transduction in Plants: The p27 Subunit of the COP9-Complex. United States Department of Agriculture, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1997.7580666.bard.

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Plants monitor environmental signals and modulate their growth and development in a manner optimal for the prevailing light conditions. The mechanisms by which plants transduce light signals and integrate them with other environmental and developmental signals to regulate plant pattern development are beginning to be unraveled. A large body of knowledge has accumulated regarding the roles of specific photoreceptors in perceiving light signals, and about the downstream developmental responses responding to light (Batschauer, 1999; Chamovitz and Deng, 1996; Deng and Quail, 1999). Still, little is know about the molecular mechanisms connecting the photoreceptors to development, and how these developmental pathways are integrated with additional developmental regulatory pathways to modulate growth. The multi-subunit protein complex COP9 signalosome (previously referred to as the "COP9 complex") has a central role in mediating the light control of plant development, and in general developmental regulation. Arabidopsis mutants that lack this complex develop photomorphogenically even in the absence of light signals (reviewed in Chamovitz and Deng 1996, 1997). Various genetic studies have indicated that the COP9 signalosome acts at the nexus of upstream signals transduced from the individual photoreceptors, and specific downstream signaling pathways. Thus the COP9 signalosome was hypothesized to be a master repressor of photomorphogenesis, and that light acts to abrogate this repression. However, the COP9 signalosome has roles beyond the regulation of photomorphogenesis as all mutants lacking this complex die following early seedling development, and an essentially identical complex has also been detected in animal systems (Chamovitz and Deng, 1995; Seeger et al., 1998; Wei et al., 1998). Our long term objective is to determine the role of the COP9 signalosome in controlling plant development. In this research project we showed that this complex contains at least eight subunits (Karniol et al., 1998; Serino et al., 1999) and that the 27 kD subunit is encoded by the FUS5 locus (Karniol et al., 1999). The FUS5 subunit also has a role extraneous to the COP9 signalosome, and differential kinase activity has been implicated in regulating FUSS and the COP9 signalosome (Karniol et al., 1999). We have also shown that the COP9 signalosome may work together with the translational-regulator eIF3. Our study of the COP9 signalosome is one of the exciting examples of plant science leading the way to discoveries in basic animal science (Chamovitz and Deng, 1995; Karniol and Chamovitz, 2000; Wei and Deng, 1999).
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Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Fort Pulaski National Monument: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2288716.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort on four SECN parks, including Fort Pulaski National Monument (FOPU). Twelve vegetation plots were established at Fort Pulaski National Monument in August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Fort Pulaski National Monument in 2019. Data were stratified across two dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands). Noteworthy findings include: Sixty-six vascular plant taxa were observed across 12 vegetation plots, including six taxa not previously known from the park. Plots were located on both Cockspur and McQueen’s Island. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora), perennial saltmarsh aster(Symphyotrichum enuifolium), and groundsel tree (Baccharis halimifolia) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), and cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto). Four non-native species identified as invasive by the Georgia Exotic Pest Plant Council (GA-EPPC 2018) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 17%), bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum; 8%), Vasey’s grass (Paspalum urvillei; 8%), and European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%). Two rare plants tracked by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GADNR 2013) were found during this monitoring effort. These include Florida wild privet (Forestiera segregata) and Bosc’s bluet (Oldenlandia boscii). Southern/eastern red cedar and cabbage palmetto were the most dominant species within the tree stratum of the maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type. Species that dominated the sapling and seedling strata of this type included yaupon, cabbage palmetto, groundsel tree, and Carolina laurel cherry (Prunus caroliniana). The health status of sugarberry (Celtis laevigata)—a typical canopy species in maritime forests of the South Atlantic Coastal Plain--observed on park plots appeared to be in decline, with most stems experiencing elevated levels of dieback and low vigor. Over the past decade, this species has been experiencing unexplained high rates of dieback and mortality throughout its range in the Southeastern United States; current research is focusing on what may be causing these alarming die-off patterns. Duff and litter made up the majority of downed woody biomass (fuel loads) across FOPU vegetation plots.
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