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Academic literature on the topic 'Dichalcogénure de métaux de transition (TMD)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dichalcogénure de métaux de transition (TMD)"
Cadot, Stéphane. "Élaboration de monocouches de dichalcogénures de métaux de transition du groupe (VI) par chimie organométallique de surface." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1075/document.
Full textMoS2, a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) possessing a mica-like layered structure, has been widely used over the past century as solid lubricant and hydrotreating catalyst. Since 2010, the discovery of new semiconducting (direct gap) and photoluminescence properties emerging in monolayer MoS2 has attracted much interest, with a wide range of potentialities for next-generation electronics or energy storage devices. Beyond MoS2, this discovery also concerns other TMDs (WS2, NbS2, MoSe2, WSe2,…), displaying a wide variety of electronic and optical properties, and whose combination with other 2D materials (graphene, BN,…) offers outstanding opportunities. While exfoliated materials have provided a convenient way to demonstrate the feasibility of proof-of-concept-devices, the development of reliable synthesis methods allowing the industrial production of monolayer TMDs has now to be investigated.In this booming research field, currently dominated by high-temperature CVD processes which are time-consuming and often require the use of epitaxial substrates, we investigated the potentiality of a low-temperature chemical vapor deposition approach on amorphous SiO2 substrates. This work allowed us to identify suitable precursors for the CVD or ALD of ultrathin amorphous molybdenum or tungsten sulfide deposits below 250°C, and to point out their ability to self-reorganize into crystalline MoS2 and WS2 monolayers upon thermal annealing
Desgué, Eva. "Control of structural and electrical properties of bilayer to multilayer PtSe₂ films grown by molecular beam epitaxy for high-performance optoelectronic devices." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP170.
Full textPtSe₂ is a 2D material from the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) family that exhibits outstanding intrinsic properties: high charge carrier mobility (200 - 450 cm².(V.s)⁻¹), tunable bandgap with the number of monolayers (MLs), broadband optical absorption and excellent air stability. These properties are ideally suited for (opto)electronic applications. However, the growth of high crystalline quality PtSe₂ on low-cost and insulating substrates remains a major challenge. Here, the synthesis of bilayer to multilayer PtSe₂ films (< 20 MLs) by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is optimized on a sapphire substrate. The systematic characterizations include electron diffraction (RHEED), Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and electrical conductivity measurements. For thick semimetallic PtSe₂ films, we demonstrate that high growth (520°C) and annealing (690°C) temperatures, combined with a high selenium flux (Ф(Se) = 0.5 Å.s⁻¹; Ф(Se)/Ф(Pt) ~ 170), leads to high crystalline quality and high electrical conductivity. In particular, the effect of the post-growth annealing on the structural properties of the thick films is investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (STEM). We show that non-annealed PtSe₂ films consist of a 3D random distribution of superimposed domains with different in-plane orientations, while the annealed films consist of a 2D network of single-crystalline domains along the c-axis. In other words, non-annealed films have domains with a thickness smaller than that of the film and are composed of both semiconducting and semimetallic phases, resulting in low electrical conductivity (0.5 mS). In contrast, the annealed films are composed solely of quasi-single-crystalline and semimetallic domains, and exhibit high conductivity, up to 1.6 mS. We also show that the commonly used crystalline quality indicator, which is the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the Eg Raman peak, becomes a reliable metric only when it is studied in conjunction with the FWHM of the A1g Raman peak. We demonstrate that the lower the FWHM of both the Eg and A1g peaks, the higher the crystalline quality of the in-plane and out-of-plane PtSe₂ films, respectively, and the higher the electrical conductivity. For semiconducting PtSe₂ bilayer films, high crystalline quality films with Eg and A1g FWHM values comparable to those of exfoliated crystals are obtained using a periodic Pt flux (periodic supply epitaxy). The bilayer to multilayer PtSe₂ films are not monocrystalline but present a fiber texture along the c-axis, which is typical on a sapphire substrate. The epitaxy of a thick PtSe₂ film on vicinal sapphire surfaces (steps) is demonstrated for the first time. Finally, we fabricated optoelectronic devices operating at 1.55 µm, the typical wavelength of optical fiber telecommunications. They are based on thick semi-metallic PtSe₂, exhibiting high electrical conductivity and good optical absorption at 1.55 µm, which is directly synthesized on a 2-inch sapphire substrate. We demonstrate PtSe₂-based photodetectors with a record bandwidth of 60 GHz and the first TMD-based optoelectronic mixer with, in addition, a bandwidth larger than 30 GHz
Mahmoudi, Aymen. "Propriétés électroniques des dichalcogénures bi-dimensionnels de métaux de transition." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP106.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is two-dimensional (2D) materials of atomic thickness. The study of the optical and electronic properties of hybrid heterostructures based on MX₂ transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se, Te) is now being carefully considered with a view to future applications and more fundamental studies. Beyond their intrinsic physical properties, in multilayer configurations, these materials offer promising physical phenomena such as modulation of bandgap values, ferroelectricity for specific crystal configurations, and so on. In particular, this work focuses on hybrid heterostructures based on tungsten diselenide (WSe₂) on graphene and gallium phosphate (GaP) substrates. Using microscopy and spectroscopy techniques such as Raman spectroscopy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), we investigated the electronic, optical, and structural properties of heterostructures composed of several 2D materials to better understand these emerging systems. Accordingly, the first direct measurements of the electronic band structure of the rhombohedral phase of the WSe₂ bilayer structure deposited on a 2D graphene substrate are presented in this manuscript. The direct growth of this 2D material on a 3D GaP substrate has been studied for several thicknesses. This work has enabled us to identify the effect of the nature of the crystalline phase and the growth method on the electronic band structures, providing a better understanding of these emerging systems
Abid, Ines. "Plasmonique hybride : propriétés optiques de nanostructures Au-TMD, couplage plasmon-exciton." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30333/document.
Full textTransition metal dichalcogenide materials (TMDs) are increasingly gaining attention, due to their unique optical, spintronic, and electronic properties. These properties result from the ultimate confinement in 2D monolayers of a direct band-gap semiconductor and the lack of inversion symmetry in the crystallographic structure. To control and enhance the optical response of these materials, it is interesting to integrate them with plasmonic nano-resonators. The TMDs/plasmonic hybrid systems have been extensively studied for plasmon-enhanced optical signals, photocatalysis, photodetectors, and solar cells. In this context, this thesis deals with the interaction between TMD monolayers and gold nanostructures. In a first part, an hybrid system composed of CVD grown MoSe2 monolayers transferred on gold nanodisks was studied. Surface plasmon resonance was tuned by controlling the nanodisks size and the inter-disks separation. The optical properties of the nanostructures are probed by means of spatially resolved optical transmission and photoluminescence spectroscopies. Fano-type coupling regime between the surface plasmon of the gold nanodisks and the MoSe2 exciton was evidenced by a quantitative analysis of the optical extinction spectra based on an analytical model. Our interpretations were supported by numerical simulations. The number of MoSe2 monolayer dependence as well as the Temperature dependence of the plasmon-exciton interaction was investigated. Our results were quantatively analysed on the nanometric scale by studying the local electromagnetic near-field and the excitonic transition dipole momentum interaction. Furthermore, the Raman scattering of MoSe2@Au system was carried out. A particular situation was investigated where a resonant interaction between the surface plasmon of nanodisks and A exciton of v occur. The contribution of these two resonances leads to a resonant surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERRS) effect. The Raman Scattering excitation is selected to resonantly excite the Surface Plasmon resonance and MoSe2 excitonic transition simultaneously. The relative contribution of the surface Plasmon and the confined exciton to the resonant Raman scattering signal is pointed out. In this resonant condition, a hyperthermia effect was detected. Numerical simulations of the SERS gain were useful to figure out the main factors affecting the SERS intensity enhancement in MoSe2@Au. In a second part, the TMD monolayer was used as a substrate of Au nanoparticles. Au nanoislands were deposited on mono- and few-layered MoSe2 flakes. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements revealed a net quenching of the MoSe2 photoluminescence. To figure out the origin of this quenching three possibilities were discussed (i) the charge transfer between the TMD monolayer and the Au particles (ii) the direct to indirect gap transition of the TMD electronic band structure caused by the strain induced by the metal deposition (iii) structural disorder imparted by the nanoparticles in the TMD/metal interface. Owing to the Raman scattering measurements and using the radiative emission of the gold nanoparticles, we evidenced a charge transfetrt between the metallic nanostructures and the semiconductor. In order to complement our interpretations a comparative study with respect to optical properties of TMD covered by a silica film was carried out. The present work was held within the NeO group in CEMES, in a frame of a collaboration with the group of thr Pr. Jun Lou from Rice university, Houston
Lourenço, Pedro. "Experimental and numerical study of ion irradiation impacts on Transition Metal Dichalcogenide layers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS078.
Full textIn this thesis, I present the study of artificially generated defects by ion irradiation on the surface of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDC), more specifically of tungsten disulphide (WS2) and tungsten diselenide (WSe2) crystals. I also present the structural analysis of WS2 films grown by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering (RMS) and compare the observed structural defects to the artifically generated defects on the bulk crystals This thesis is composed of six chapters. In the first chapter, an introduction to the transition metal dichalcogenide structure and properties is discussed, followed by a discussion of previous studies about the defect generation by ion irradiation. Recent developments in the fabrication methods of TMDC thin-films such as reactive magnetron sputtering are also discussed. In chapter 2 I describe in detail the experimental techniques and the analysis methods used to characterize the TMDC materials and in chapter 3 I describe the methods used for numerical simulation of ion irradiation of TMDCs. In chapter 4, I present my work on the design of the experiments and the calibration of a ion source which was later used to produce low energy ions to artificially generate defects on TMDCs surfaces. Chapter 5 I present my characterization results of WS2 films grown by RMS, which were grown in Uppsala by the team of Tomas Nyberg. In chapter 6 I present the artificial generation of defects on TMDC surfaces using the ion source described in chapter 4. Furthermore, I present the molecular dynamics studies which were performed to have an understanding of the defect production mechanism in TMDCs by ion irradiation
Fraccaroli, Mathias. "Synthèse par CVD/ALD sur grandes surfaces d'un sulfure de vanadium transparent et conducteur." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT006.
Full textIn the context of functional diversification (“More than Moore”), transition sulfides are currently being actively studied for original optical devices production. Some materials in this family have a lamellar structure, similar to graphene like vanadium sulfides. The synthesis of these lamellar films remains actively dominated by high-temperature CVD processes (> 550 ° C). However, in order to hope the development of a reliable synthesis methods, it's important to reduce this deposition temperature which leads to a poor uniformity and a poor conformity. In this work we have studied the potential of a chemical vapor deposition approach at low temperature (200 ° C). This method allow us to obtain an amorphous vanadium sulfide film on a 300 mm wafer and point out theirability to self-reorganize in order to obtain a lamellar film of V7S8 after thermal annealing. A 5.2nm film has interesting optical and electrical properties; this film is conductive with a carrier density of 1.1.1023 cm-3, the holes are the main charges carriers (type p), a mobility of 0.2 cm2. (Vs) -1, a conductivity of 1063 S.cm -1, an output work of 4.8 eV while preserving good transparency (transmittance of 75% for a wavelength of 550nm)
Leriche, Raphaël. "Unconventional superconductivity in quasi-2D materials with strong spin-orbit coupling." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS577.
Full textThe realization of topological superconductors is one of the main current goals of condensed matter physics. It was indeed predicted that such systems should host Majorana fermions. These Majorana fermions possess both a non-Abelian statistics and, because of their topological origin, a certain robustness against local disorder, which makes them attractive for quantum computing applications. One approach likely to lead to topological superconductivity consists in considering superconducting systems with strong spin-orbit coupling and with broken inversion symmetry. It is in this framework that, during this thesis, I performed scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy measurements on quasi-2D materials : (LaSe)1,14(NbSe2)2 and Sr2IrO4. I first studied the electronic properties of misfit compound LaNb2Se5, which is a parent of transition metal dichalcogenide 2H-NbSe2. (LaSe)1,14(NbSe2)2 is a heterostructure made out of alternations of NbSe2 bilayers with trigonal prismatic geometry and LaSe bilayers with rocksalt structure. (LaSe)1,14(NbSe2)2 is a potential candidate for topological superconductivity because of the presence of both a strong spin-orbit coupling and of broken inversion symmetry in NbSe2 planes. Here, I present spectroscopic results showing that the electronic structure of(LaSe)1,14(NbSe2)2 is very similar to the one of electron-doped monolayer NbSe2 with a shift of the chemical potential of 0,3 eV, priorly never reached. I could also demonstrate the quasi- 2D nature of (LaSe)1,14(NbSe2)2 and more particularly the presence of a strong Ising spinorbit coupling. Moreover, the observed weakness of superconductivity against non-magnetic disorder combined with quasiparticle interferences measurements allowed me to exhibit the unconventional nature of (LaSe)1,14(NbSe2)2 superconducting order parameter. This study opens the possibility to use misfit heterostructures such as (LaSe)1,14(NbSe2)2 to study thephysics of transition metal dichalcogenides in the 2D limit, for which many theoretical studies predict topological superconductivity. In this thesis, I also present a study on the effects of doping on the electronic properties of iridate compound Sr2IrO4. Sr2IrO4 is a spin-orbit induced Mott insulator. Because inversion symmetry is locally broken in Sr2IrO4, some theoretical predictions suggest that Sr2IrO4 should turn into a topological superconductor once doped. Here, I exhibit a nanometer-scaleinhomogeneous doping-driven Mott insulator to pseudo-metallic phase transition. This work further justifies the importance of using a local probe such as scanning tunnelling microscopy in order to complete results on Mott physics obtained by integrative methods like angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy