Journal articles on the topic 'Diaspora'
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1
Aitken, Miriam. "“We are the Revolution, Abroad”: Diaspora Protests, Identity Construction, and the Remaking of Citizenship in the 2019 Lebanese Thawra." Middle East Law and Governance 16, no. 2 (July 24, 2024): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763375-16020007.
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Abstract Diasporas are often viewed as mirrors for their homeland’s politics. The Lebanese diaspora’s involvement in the 2019 Thawra, however, established the diaspora as a locus for autonomous and disruptive political action. Through an analysis of the spatialities of protest, this paper analyses the diaspora’s involvement in the Thawra, its implications for the protest movement, and for the diaspora itself. It argues that diaspora protests gave rise to new tactics and protest repertoires. These mirrored protest activity on the ground, supported protestors in Lebanon, and constituted the diaspora as a locus for contestation and claims-making. Moreover, the diaspora’s mobilization in the Thawra contributed to the consolidation of diasporic identity and the construction of alternative societal imaginaries and conceptions of citizenship that challenge Lebanon’s state-centric and sectarian citizenship regime. This paper thus makes the case for reassessing the autonomous political role of diasporas to gain a fuller understanding of transnational protest dynamics, solidarities, and citizenship beyond the boundaries of the nation-state.
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Szmyt, Zbigniew. "Granica jako zasób, granica jako wehikuł czasu. Społeczne reprezentacje diaspor na pograniczu rosyjsko-chińskim." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 49, no. 2 (188) (October 2023): 139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.23.020.18634.
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Jednym z efektów rosyjskiej wojny domowej (1917–1922) była emigracja na niespotykaną wcześniej skalę. Z azjatyckiej części Rosji masowo emigrowali też przedstawiciele rodzimych mniejszości narodowych i etnicznych. Emigranci ci stworzyli szereg diaspor zamieszkujących strefy pograniczne z ZSRR. Władza radziecka traktowała te społeczności jako wrogie, a hermetyczny charakter sowieckiej granicy sprawiał, że kontakt pomiędzy diasporami a krajem pochodzenia był znikomy. Wraz z rozpadem ZSRR i otwarciem granic diaspory zaczęły odgrywać ważną rolę w tzw. odrodzeniu etnicznym mniejszości w Rosji. Inkorporacja dotychczas demonizowanych, nielojalnych i wrogich pogranicznych społeczności wymagała wprowadzenia nowych dyskursów i reprezentacji w lokalnych historiach publicznych. Na przykładzie buriackiej diaspory w Chinach artykuł pokazuje proces włączania diaspor w pole polityki etnicznej na Syberii i negocjowania ich statusu społecznego we współczesnej Rosji. The Border as a Resource, the Border as a Time Machine. Social Representations of Diasporas on the Sino-Russian Frontier These emigrants created a number of diasporas inhabiting the border zones with the USSR. The Soviet authorities treated these communities as hostile, and the hermetic nature of the Soviet border meant that contact between the diasporas and the country of origin was negligible. With thecollapse of the USSR and the opening of the borders of the diaspora, they began to play an essential role in the so-called ethnic revival of minorities in Russia. The incorporation of previously demonized, disloyal, and hostile frontier communities required the introduction of new discourses and representations in local public histories. On the example of the Buryat diaspora in China, the article shows the process of including diasporas in the field of ethnic politics in Siberia and negotiating their social status in contemporary Russia.
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Domachowska, Agata. "Kształtowanie relacji państwo–diaspora: przykład czarnogórski." Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssp.2019.1.3.
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Celem artykułu jest dokonanie analizy relacji państwo-diaspora na przykładzie Czarnogóry. W literaturze przedmiotu zauważalny jest brak dogłębnych badań tego zjawiska. Czarnogóra stanowi interesujący przypadek ze względu fakt, że liczba osób żyjących w diasporach jest porównywalna do liczby mieszkańców tego państwa. Artykuł składa się z czterech części. Pierwsza z nich stanowi przedstawienie rozważań teoretycznych na temat diaspor, ale także relacji państwo-diaspora. W kolejnej została pokrótce scharakteryzowana czarnogórska diaspora - jej historia, liczebność oraz kierunki emigracji. Trzecia część stanowi analizę kształtowanych przez Czarnogórę relacji z diasporą. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na proces instytucjonalizacji owych stosunków. Artykuł kończy podsumowanie.
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Kirk, Niamh. "Diaspora journalism’s coverage of migration: How the Irish diaspora press reported the refugee crisis." Journal of Global Diaspora & Media 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/gdm_00017_1.
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Irish diasporas have a long history of multidirectional and multigenerational migration with large communities sustaining successful commercial diaspora news media organizations. Such complex migration patterns often result in the hybridization of identities whereby the migrant group develops cultural identities that are different from the ‘homeland’ and each other. Diaspora media operate as important cultural landmarks that mediate the representation of home and hostland identity, providing a rich set of cultural building blocks with which diaspora communities can identify. Indeed, comparative studies have shown diverse representations of Irish diasporic identities and history in Irish diaspora news media located in different parts of the world. However, to date much of the focus has been on the representations of historical events such as the Famine the 1916 Rising. What is not yet clear is how identity is represented in relation to contemporary news events. Using framing analysis this article compares how Irish diaspora news media located in different regions draw on Irish diasporic identity to represent the appropriate responses of Irish diasporans and Irish people to the Refugee crisis in 2016 finding that while there are some variances, a unifying message dominates.
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Brinkerhoff, Jennifer M. "Diasporas and Public Diplomacy: Distinctions and Future Prospects." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 14, no. 1-2 (April 22, 2019): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-14101015.
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Summary Diaspora diplomacy encompasses diasporas as: agents in their own right; instruments of other’s diplomatic agendas; and/or intentional or accidental partners with other actors pursuing shared interests. Diaspora diplomacy is not territorially bound, and agendas are fluid. Three important features of diaspora diplomacy distinguish it from public diplomacy more generally. First, the diaspora identity results in specific applications of diplomacy for which diasporans may play a unique role. Second, diasporans’ responses to global crises of identity and inequity yield particular motivations and targets of engagement. Third, diasporans may have an in-between advantage for public diplomacy. The complexity of diaspora diplomacy is likely to increase because of circular migration, layered identities, and continued improvements and access to telecommunications. Researchers and policy-makers should focus attention on how to integrate diasporas into existing efforts to account for the complexity of transnational relations.
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Stratton, Jon. "(Dis)placing the Jews: Historicizing the Idea of Diaspora." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 6, no. 3 (December 1997): 301–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.6.3.301.
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This article explores the idea of diaspora from the point of view of the Jewish experience. This is not because I want to take the Jewish diaspora as in some way typical; indeed, quite the reverse is the case. I want to argue for a historical understanding of diaspora, one which recognizes that the changes in the historical context of what we generally call diasporas affect the meaning and experience of being in diaspora. Distinguishing the variety of western Jewish diasporic experience from that of other groups of people who experience themselves as diasporic will help us to theorize the meaning of “diaspora” as it is more generally applied.
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Vuković-Ćalasan, Danijela, and Siniša Tatalović. "Defining Diaspora in post-Yugoslav States." Politička misao 57, no. 4 (February 25, 2021): 100–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.57.4.05.
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Contemporary societies exist in the conditions of globalization, which profoundly transforms them in different dimensions. Technological progress enabled the significant changes in the identity dimension. This has, inter alia, resulted in new opportunities for preserving identification with the country of origin, increased interest in the diaspora concept in the politological and sociological thought and caused new approaches and activities by the states in improving relations with their diasporic communities. The former republics of the SFRY, which have been making progress in building legal and institutional capacities for cooperation with diasporas, are no exception. Generally, all of these countries have very numerous and diverse diasporas, which have usually been emerging in a long period of time. This paper analyzes the policies of the states, created by the break-up of the SFRY, towards their diasporas. The policies of these states are specific and they differ from one another, both in defining diaspora and in legal and institutional solutions that should improve diaspora’s link with the country of origin. However, the Republic of Slovenia, the Republic of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of Serbia, Montenegro and the Republic of North Macedonia, have some common elements as well.
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Adamson, Fiona B. "Sending States and the Making of Intra-Diasporic Politics: Turkey and Its Diaspora(s)." International Migration Review 53, no. 1 (October 8, 2018): 210–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197918318767665.
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The multiple politics and identities of many contemporary diasporic configurations raise a number of important conceptual issues for the study of diaspora politics, including what counts as a “diaspora,” how do particular “diasporas” emerge, and what shapes their politics? This article discusses conceptual and substantive splits in the burgeoning social science literature on diasporas and suggests the value of analyzing the politics and policies of sending states as crucial factors in both “diaspora-shaping” and “diaspora-generating” processes. It presents an extended case study of the emergence of diaspora groups connected with contemporary Turkey, situating Turkey’s “New Diaspora Policy” in its historical context. The article concludes by suggesting that the proposed framework allows for a deeper theorization of the relationship between identity categories and political action, thus shedding light on the conceptual puzzle of what constitutes a diaspora.
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Sahoo, Ajaya K., and Anindita Shome. "Diaspora and Transnationalism: the Changing Contours of Ethnonational Identity of Indian Diaspora." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 19, no. 3 (September 8, 2020): 383–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341561.
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Abstract Diasporic communities have historically maintained—either actively or passively—their ethnonational identities, be it in the case of classical diasporas such as the Jews or Armenians or the case of more modern diasporas such as the Indians or other South Asians. However, the ethnonational identities of diasporic communities have strengthened significantly in recent times as a result of the global forces such as the Internet that created and recreated the existing and newer ways of transnationalism and ethnonationalism. The study of the Indian diaspora is inherent because of the fact that these global forces have drastically changed the ethnonational identity of Indians in the diaspora. There are a plethora of factors that played an important role in this process of transformation. This article tries to examine two of the most significant factors that strengthened the ethnonational identity, such as the dynamic changes in the Indian government policy towards diaspora and the role of the Internet that facilitates the youth to play a prominent role in this neo-diaspora.
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Timalsina, Ramji. "Diasporic Characters in Rajab’s Short Stories." Dristikon: A Multidisciplinary Journal 10, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 214–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dristikon.v10i1.34599.
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This article has attempted to find how the short stories in Rajab‘s collection entitled Paai [Pie] have depicted the realities in the Diaspora through the presentation of characters. Three stories have been selected from the collection. These short fictions are studied in the light of the theory of characterization in short stories. The analysis concentrates on the diasporic identity related cultural, emotional and existential conditions of the characters. The study has found that all the diasporic characters have undergone different types of problems as per their diverse life situations. Generally, all diasporans have identity crisis related to culture. This crisis is connected with their emotion and existence, too. I have also found that there are three types of main characters: general diasporas, senior citizens and young couples. The general diasporans have been used to show the existential conditions of any diasporan in the host land. The depiction of the senior citizens shows how a new land cannot be a good place for them: Most of them are emotionally shocked and unsettled. Even the young couples who reach the USA using all possible means finally feel frustrated and disoriented. Almost all the characters in these stories are unhappy diasporans. It is hoped that this article will encourage researchers to study other diasporic fictions from the point of view of characterization.
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Yayusman, Meilinda Sari, and Ayu Nova Lissandhi. "Hometown Transnationalism and the Emergence of Indonesian Diaspora Organizations in Europe." Intermestic: Journal of International Studies 6, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v6n2.9.
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This article aims to explain the movement of Indonesian diaspora and their initiative to create multifarious new activities in today�s globalized era. Focusing on Indonesian diaspora organizations in Europe, namely Indonesian Diaspora Networks (IDN) in the Netherlands and France who are eager to come together, build organizations based on a common identity, and contribute to Indonesia. The newly-emerged concept of hometown transnationalism is used to explain the phenomenon in which collective remittances through development projects are the main output of diasporas� contribution. Qualitative method is applied to this study through a set of in-depth interviews, a study of life history, and literature review completed by site visits to observe diasporas� works. The results of this study show that the emergence of various diaspora organizations is the impact of the increasingly rapid movement of people and technological developments, thus encouraging the diaspora to be more connected to their hometowns. Both IDNs play a vital role in realizing diaspora's aspirations to develop Indonesia through multifarious ways. Keywords: diaspora organizations, hometown transnationalism, Indonesian diaspora, Indonesian diaspora networks
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Mosneaga, Gheoghe. "Conceptualising the term diaspora: the theoretical-methodological aspects." Moldoscopie, no. 3(94) (February 2022): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/1812-2566.2021.3(94).04.
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The following article characterizes the principal approaches and definitions of the term ‘Diaspora’. Diaspora appears on the basis of ethnic groups that reside outside of their “titular” states. It is characterized by a multiple identity; ethno-cultural ties to both its country of residence and to the country of origin; the presence of social institutes that provide the maintenance, development, and functioning of the Diaspora. Diaspora organizations (cultural associations, church parishes) are such institutes. The Diaspora is institutionalized through the collective activity of its members. Only those groups that deliberately maintain their ties and strengthen their relations with the motherland are considered Diasporas and members of Diasporas. The diaspora is a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon. Beside the activists that make up its “face”, it also consists of passive “mute” members that provide its mass character. The diaspora is a sum of representatives of different generations, whose relation to the country of origin may vary (citizenship, possession of language, knowledge of culture, traditions, social activity, length of participation, etc.). The diaspora consists of both those that continuously reside in, have the citizenship of the country of destination, and of those that are staying there temporarily (labor migrants, students). This diversity is the source of the Diaspora’s renewal and development. Modern science counts numerous typings of modern Diasporas. The use of various criteria gave rich material for characterizing and classifying Diasporas, for the creation of a more complete picture of their existence and functioning.
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Ogunyemi, Ola. "On the issue of diaspora’s terminological dispersal." Journal of Global Diaspora 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/gdm_00001_2.
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This analytical scoping review contributes to the debate about the diaspora’s terminological dispersal that has dominated scholarly discourse in the past two decades. The author argues that diaspora as a ‘metaphoric designation’ is a useful conceptual entry point to chart the multiplicity of ways in which diaspora research has evolved in the twenty-first century. From this premise, diaspora as a ‘metaphoric designation’ mitigates against the ‘nostalgia-premised’ definitions of diasporas and could resolve the concerns about ‘terminological dispersal’ that have proliferated in diaspora studies.
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Trofymenko, Mykola. "Diaspora as a public diplomacy object and subject." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 39 (June 16, 2019): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2019.39.92-101.
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The article studies diasporas of states that turn into a valid actor in terms of international relations and more of ten become subjects and objects of public diplomacy. Governments of states are trying to adjust efficient communication and cooperation with their diasporas facilitating the institutionalization of their associations through the establishment of government agencies embracing the issues of interaction between the government and diaspora. Diasporas are of a special importance for small countries due to the lack of resources the country might use for carrying out their foreign policy and organizing diplomatic missions. For example, diasporas of Israel, Greece, Armenia etc. in the USA significantly influence the formation of politics of the United States toward their historical motherlands contributing to the development of bilateral relations. The author states that the diaspora studies peaked in the late 1990s, when researchers studied the characteristics of the diaspora as a social entity, and raised the issue of the limits of the diaspora. The Irish, Armenian and Jewish diasporas are classic examples of how the diaspora can represent and promote the interests of its homeland in the American government, while functioning as full-on diplomatic actors in bilateral relations. The paper notes that researchers of the diaspora's role in public diplomacy are paying much attention to China and India, due to their audacious initiatives to institutionalize relations with the diasporas, in order to obtain the potential benefits diasporas can bring for bilateral relations (particularly economic ones) as mediators and catalysts. These initiatives include the establishment of ministries and government agencies to engage and coordinate work with the diasporas. Thus, part of the state apparatus works exclusively with the communities of its country abroad. In China and India, the affairs of diaspora are meddled with on subnational levels with the participation of provincial and local governments. Their diaspora ministries and agencies conduct conferences on diaspora issues within the respective countries and send missions and delegations abroad to organize communication with their diasporas. Diasporas are primarily perceived as a source of information and advice, as well as a means of civic engagement for embassies and ministries/ departments.The author draws the following conclusion: first, today states involve diasporas in fulfillment of their diplomatic targets in terms of public diplomacy to promote national interests and reaching their personal goals; second, the notion of diaspora and diplomacy have been significantly widened lately and third, representatives of different diasporas often address diplomatic practice in official way by appointing honorary consuls or in an unofficial way through the activities of citizens-diplomats.
Keywords: public diplomacy, diaspora, diaspora diplomacy, diaspora associations, receiving state, sending state.
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Yabanci, Bilge. "Home State Oriented Diaspora Organizations and the Making of Partisan Citizens Abroad: Motivations, Discursive Frames, and Actions Towards Co-Opting the Turkish Diaspora in Europe." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 21, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 139–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.21.2.2021.05.20.2.
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What motivates diasporas to support undemocratic rule in their countries of origin while enjoying democratic freedoms in their countries of settlement? This study adopts a meso-level approach to answer this question, and focuses on the Turkish diaspora in Europe as a case study. Lately, the diaspora governance literature has focused on official diaspora institutions and the policies of countries of origin. This study, alternatively, highlights “diasporic civic space” as an arena entrenching authoritarian practices “at home.” It investigates the conditions under which diasporic civic space can be co-opted by undemocratic countries of origin and the role of “home state oriented diaspora organizations” in this process of co-optation. The study shows that diasporic civic space can offer resources to undemocratic regimes to mobilize previously dormant diaspora communities and create a support base abroad that is driven by nationalism and partisanship. The empirical discussion unveils four factors behind the successful mobilization of diasporas by undemocratic countries of origin: (1) nationalist sentiments among the diaspora; (2) motivations to get a share from the perks that may be meted out by home country government; (3) feelings of insecurity, fear, and marginalization as immigrants; and (4) the desire to assert one’s identity and cultural ties vis-à-vis the majority in countries of settlement. The findings are based on the case of the Turkish diasporic civic space in Europe, which has recently been mobilized by a diaspora organization with political ties to the Justice and Development Party (AKP). Original data are drawn from semi-structured interviews conducted in 2018–2019 with members and representatives of major pro-AKP diaspora organization known as the Union of International Democrats (UID), as well as Alevi, Kurdish, and Islamist/conservative diaspora organizations in Sweden, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Germany. The findings contribute to the understanding of undemocratic home states’ non-coercive and de-territorialized governance practices beyond their borders.
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Makodamayanti, Septiarini, and Diyah Fitri Wulandari. "Diasporic experiences portrayed in Luling character as the first-generation in Amy Tan's The Bonesetter's Daughter." EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 4, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.4.2.216-225.
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This study deals with the issue of diaspora which relates to diasporic experiences as well as the impact of diaspora. The research attempted to find out the experiences encountered by LuLing and to know the impact of diaspora perceived by her as the analyzed character, during her process of diaspora. Descriptive Qualitative research was used in the arranging of this undergraduate thesis. The data came from various sources that were classified into primary data and secondary data. The primary data were taken from the Bonesetter's Daughter novel by Amy Tan. The secondary data were taken from book, printed and online journals and articles. The first step for analyzing the data was by reading the whole chapters of the Bonesetter's Daughter novel. While the second step, was underlining or highlighting the parts that showed about the diasporic experiences and the impact of diaspora encountered by LuLing. This study shows how the phenomenon of diaspora invokes some experiences and gives an impact to the diasporas as reflected in the Bonesetter's Daughter novel. The movement of LuLing to America triggered by the war in her country had allowed her to undergo some experiences like acculturation, culture shock, and separation, along with the psychological impact of the movement that she had. Through LuLing, the Chinese first-generation woman character, this novel shows how the Chinese diasporas live their life in a country which is different from their homeland.
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Banerjee, Sukanya. "Empire, the Indian Diaspora, and the Place of the Universal." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 15, no. 1 (March 2006): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.15.1.147.
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This essay argues that the experience of diaspora compels a constitutive reckoning with the conceptual category of the universal. Refl ecting on Sunil Bhatia’s American Karma and Radika Mohanram’s Imperial White (which respectively deal with the contemporary Indian diaspora and the nineteenth-century “British diaspora”), the essay explores the extent to which the formulation of “white Britishness” in the colonies, as well as the self-representation of diasporic Indians both in Gandhi’s time and in suburban Connecticut today, have variously hinged on the liberal ideal of the abstract universal subject and its role in positioning diasporic subjects. The essay explores how the reciprocal self-defi nitions that emerge in these different diasporas render the “universal” a more weighted term.
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Anam, Sara, and Rana Abdul Munim Khan. "Cultural Hybridization and Political Upheaval in Khan's City of Spies." Global Social Sciences Review VIII, no. II (June 30, 2023): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-ii).31.
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Throughout history, political instability has been a persistent issue for diasporic communities, exacerbating the challenges they already face. The present research endeavours to examine the impact of political turmoil on diasporic communities, with a particular focus on its role in shaping cultural identity, hybridity, and conflicting loyalties. The present research employs a qualitative analysis to amalgamate a substantial corpus of literature and deduces that diasporas are significantly impacted by political instability and violence, resulting in adverse outcomes such as relocation, trauma, and cultural identity loss. This study delves into the complexity of diasporic identity and the notion of hybridity, frequently linked to diaspora communities. Empirical evidence suggests that diasporic communities frequently experience a sense of estrangement and encounter competing allegiances due to their inability to fully assimilate their cultural heritage into their novel surroundings. Research has demonstrated the significance of comprehending diasporic identities and the obstacles that individuals encounter, particularly within the framework of contemporary political instability.The research findings highlight the need for policymakers and stakeholders to take into account the distinctive perspectives and experiences of diasporas, particularly in light of current political unrest. In order to comprehend and help diaspora groups, it also emphasizes the need for additional research on diaspora identity, cultural hybridity, and competing loyalties.
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Cherevichko, Tatyana V. "Diaspora as an institutional structure of modern society." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Sociology. Politology 22, no. 2 (May 23, 2022): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1818-9601-2022-22-2-155-159.
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The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the diaspora as an institutional structure. Special emphasis is placed on the networking of diasporas in the global socio-economic space. The author notes that ethnic business plays a significant role in the development of global diasporal networks. The article emphasizes that diasporas, occupying one of the significant places in the socio-economic space, are an indicator of the state of modern society.
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Singh, Milan, and Anita Singh. "Diaspora, Political Action, and Identity: A Case Study of Canada’s Indian Diaspora." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 17, no. 2 (June 2014): 149–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.17.2.149.
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This article challenges models of diaspora that predominately use categories-based frameworks to show heterogeneity within diasporas. The critique is that these models do not consider the diverse political activity of its members and that, by defining communities based on factors such as religion, region, and language divisions, they eventually render diasporic identities rigid and fixed within these parameters. While we recognize the need to understand categorical differences within a community, the major limitation of this approach is that it imposes a homogeneous understanding of diasporic subjects. Using the Indo-Canadian diaspora as a case study, this article shows that the political activity of diasporic subjects are complex, revealing a heterogeneous identity that cannot be determined by categorical assumptions. We document the varying political actions that emerge as a community acts or reacts to such incidents as India’s State of Emergency, and in Canada, to the procedural after-effects of the Air India bombing followed by the Air India Inquiry. We also attend to the economic and political influence the Indian diaspora has exercised through organized lobby groups within and between Canada and India. This case study shows that political action within the Indo-Canadian diaspora is determined by simultaneous consideration of its home-state and host-state identities and that mobilization around the political concerns of diasporic subjects cannot always be determined by their role within religious or linguistic commonalities.
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Galván, Fernando. "Metaphors of Diaspora: English Literature at the Turn of the Century." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 5, no. 1-2 (June 16, 2008): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.5.1-2.113-123.
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The purpose of this essay is to make a literary reading of the postcolonial diasporas in Britain, especially in connection with the metaphors used by diasporic writers in the UK in their search for their own identity and belonging. As diaspora is a metaphorical term in the sense we are using it now, three different metaphorical constructions of diaspora will be explored: a) the metaphor of the imaginary homelands created by immigrant writers; b) the metaphor of the Black Atlantic as a sort of space shared by those who are part of the diaspora and what this entails in history and literature; and c) the metaphor of the journey as an intrinsic element of diaspora itself.
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Latifa, Inditian. "NEOLIBERALISM AND RECONFIGURATION OF THE DIASPORA IN CONTEMPORARY INDONESIA." Paradigma, Jurnal Kajian Budaya 9, no. 1 (April 12, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v9i1.267.
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<p>In most studies on globalization and transnationalism, diaspora is positioned in a conflicting and antagonistic relationship with the nation-state regime. Nevertheless, the global ascendancy of neoliberalism as a market-based mode of governing populations has brought certain changes to the relationship between the diaspora and home countries which call for further research. This essay investigates the implications of neoliberalism for diasporic kinship ties by examining emergent discourses in contemporary Indonesia that constitute an elite-led project on diasporas known as the Indonesian Diaspora Network (IDN) Global. Based on a social constructionist analysis of data gathered from activities, media reporting, and promotional materials associated with IDN Global, this essay argues that neoliberal reconfigurations of Indonesian diasporic identities manifest in two ways: unequal representation between manual workers and professionals and change of rhetoric on kinship ties as a strategic asset. Such findings reveal a more complicated and calculative relationship between the Indonesian diaspora and the Indonesian home country that complicate the valorization of diaspora against national regimes.</p><p> </p>
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Erciyes, Jade Cemre. "Diaspora of Diaspora: Adyge-Abkhaz Returnees in the Ancestral Homeland." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 17, no. 3 (June 2014): 340–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.17.3.340.
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Focusing on the diasporic characteristics shown by ancestral return migrants, this case study looks at the Abkhaz-Adyge (Circassian) returnees from Turkey to the Caucasus and how they become the “diaspora of the diaspora.” The next generations of diasporans continue to dream of return, and, with recent developments in communication technologies and cheaper transportation, many find ways to realize this dream. There are many different forms of return, but some “return-migrate” and settle in an unfamiliar ancestral home. The relocation creates new experiences as the homeland turns out to be very different from that which they imagined, and the return migration is transformed into a new form of migrant experience that, in fact, produces renewed diasporic characteristics.
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Adenekan, Shola, Julia Borst, and Linda Maeding. "Introduction to the Special Issue on ‘Textures of Diaspora and (Post-)Digitality: A Cultural Studies Approach’." Journal of Global Diaspora 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/gdm_00020_2.
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This editorial of the Special Issue ‘Textures of Diaspora and (Post-)Digitality: A Cultural Studies Approach’ explores the digital agency of diasporic communities by showing how cultural and literary studies genuinely contribute to scholarly debates and our understanding of digital diasporas. It explores the implications of the digital in a (post-)digital age, one in which the notion of diaspora is used to refer to actual ethnic, religious communities and to collectives that do not necessarily share any common origin or history but articulate their communality through a ‘diaspora rhetoric’. It uses an approach that concentrates on the medial, cultural and aesthetic dimensions of diasporic (self-)representations, positionings and practices in cyberspace. It brings into focus the ‘textures’ of these communities and points to the need to decode diasporic imageries and the many meanings of those portrayals. It studies the textual and visual language with which diasporic communities are imagined in the digital space.
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Ashutosh, Ishan. "On the grounds of the global Indian: Tracing the disjunctive spaces between diaspora and the nation-state." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 37, no. 1 (June 11, 2018): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654418779388.
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This article assesses the shifting relations between diasporas and nation-states through an ethnography of the affective dimensions contained in the figure of the “global Indian.” This new subject refers to the integration of elite segments of the Indian diaspora for state projects of economic liberalization and Hindu populism. Drawing on fieldwork in Toronto, I argue that the global Indian’s production is rife with contesting claims over the nation. Rather than integration, a new disjunctive bordering of national identity and belonging between homeland and diaspora space have emerged. This argument is developed by first emphasizing ethnography’s importance in illuminating the everyday lives of diasporic subjects, before turning to the geographies of distance and proximity between India and the Indian diaspora. The majority of the article uncovers the grounds of the global Indian through the narratives of diasporic subjects. Their narratives speak to the contested terrain of membership that lurks below the official discourse on diaspora strategies.
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Ong'ayo, Antony Otieno. "Diasporic Civic Agency and Participation: Inclusive Policy-Making and Common Solutions in a Dutch Municipality." Social Inclusion 7, no. 4 (November 28, 2019): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v7i4.2379.
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With a growing presence in The Hague municipality, the sub-Sahara African diasporas like other minority groups face challenges related to integration, participation, representation, and social exclusion. The majority still find difficulties with the Dutch language, with access to education, the labour market, and public services. These concerns also inform initiatives by the municipality in search of joint solutions through citizen participation with the African diasporas. Equally, African diasporas engage in formal and informal initiatives targeting decision-maker in The Hague, seeking to reverse their sense of vulnerability and social exclusion in the city. Using data gathered through ethnographic fieldwork in The Hague from 2015 to 2017, this article examines how African diaspora organisations have sought to exercise their civic agency and to influence policy-making to become more inclusive, by proposing common solutions and collective initiatives. The aim is to understand how diaspora collective initiatives are informed by notions of civic agency, and how prospects can be generated for diasporas to secure the ‘right to have rights’ and ensure that the host municipality addresses concerns related to the diasporas’ exclusion. The concept of civic agency is also used to analyse dynamics influencing diasporic activities, the broader context of diaspora engagement, and some likely socio-political outcomes. I argue that collective diasporic initiatives are broadly aimed at ensuring more inclusive policy-making and that solutions are an expression of diasporic people’s collective energy and imagination. These collective initiatives demonstrate the significance of enacted citizenship in challenging broader conditions of social and economic exclusion that the African diasporas face in host municipalities like The Hague.
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Kumar, Kundan, and Papia Raj. "Medical tourism of Indian diaspora “back home”." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 9, no. 5 (May 15, 2024): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2024.v09.n05.034.
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Migration, diaspora, tourism, and health have emerged as prime research interests among social scientists. Interdisciplinary studies are being conducted on the interface of two or more of these domains analysing complex social mobility patterns, such as medical tourism, diaspora tourism, diasporic medical tourism and their like. Among these, medical tourism has emerged as a new form of transnational movement. Within this premise, diasporic dimension of medical travel has amassed substantial importance in contemporary times. These ethnic communities contribute to their homeland in form of investment, philanthropy, and development through healthcare production and consumption. This phenomenon is more prominent in India which is among the top medical tourism destinations and also holds the largest diaspora in the world. Indian government has formulated policies for attracting diasporas back home and also for developing the medical tourism potential of the country. However, there is need to merge the initiatives operational in these two different fields at ground level to obtain maximum benefit. At present, no study gives a nuanced account integrating these two disparate phenomena. Therefore, based on extensive literature review, the paper will seek to integrate the dimensions of medical tourism and diaspora tourism and thus, underline the phenomenon of medical tourism by Indian diaspora at their homeland. The systematic review pointed a large gap in academia within the domain of diasporic medical tourism in Indian context. Research situated around this domain is highly solicited as such studies will contribute substantially to the discourse of diaspora for development.
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Böcü, Gözde, and Nidhi Panwar. "Populist Diaspora Engagement." Diaspora Studies 15, no. 2 (June 27, 2022): 158–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/09763457-bja10013.
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Abstract How and why do right-wing populist parties engage in diaspora outreach? This article uses populism as a lens through to study diaspora engagement, and compares strategies used by right-wing parties in power (Turkey’s AKP and India’s BJP) to access their diasporas. While we find that polarising and civilisationist discourses are adopted in both cases for uniting the diaspora behind the populist in power, we argue that these strategies are implemented for different purposes. In the Turkish case, the promotion of Turkish and Sunni-Muslim identification serves the purpose of garnering electoral support behind the ruling party, while in the Indian case, identification with Hindutva is used to achieve the financial and developmental goals of the ruling party. By comparing outreach strategies through the analysis of policies and practices employed by the parties as well as the activities of their diasporic organisations, the article contributes to debates on party-led diaspora engagement.
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Özdemir, Oğuzhan. "Diaspora: Bir “Anomalinin” Yeniden Değerlendirilmesi." Journal of Humanity and Society (insan & toplum) 13, no. 4 (December 2023): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12658/m0698.
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Çoğu zaman eksik ya da yanlış kavramsallaştırılmış olduğu iddia edilse de hem tarihsel ve hem de modern anlamlarıyla diaspora, disiplinler arası bir alan olarak tanımlanabilecek diaspora çalışmalarını ve gündelik politika alanlarını şekillendirmeye devam etmektedir. Ne var ki, ilgili literatürün diaspora yaklaşımına dair kavramsal arka planı, ulus-devletler sistemi içerisinde çoğu zaman sabit bir “anomali” veya meydan okuma olarak nitelendirilen, çokça hissi ve soyut kavramlarla ifade edilen, bir o kadar da tanımlayıcı ve sınırlayıcı olan diaspora yaklaşımlarını referans almaktadır. Bu çalışma, son yıllarda ilgili alanda ortaya çıkan yeni gelişmeler ve diaspora literatürüne müdahaleler açısından teorik tartışmaların ve çeşitli diasporik öznelliklerin ampirik örneklerinin bir arada değerlendirilmesiyle kendinden sonraki akademik tartışmalara ve yerel politik gündemin bir öznesi olan “Türk Diasporası”, “Ermeni diasporası” gibi çalışmalara yöntemsel ve kavramsal konularda katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla makale, klasik diaspora çalışmalarının hareket noktası olan dağılma (dispersion), anavatan yönelimi (homeland-orientation) ve sınırların devamlılığı (boundary-maintenance) varsayımlarına ilişkin güncel meydan okumaları bir araya getirerek anavatan-kimlik eksenine sıkışmış kavramsallaştırma karşısında sosyal bilimlerin mikro-milliyetçilik, sınırların geçişkenliği, entegrasyon, asimilasyon ve çeşitli formlarıyla transnasyonalizm üzerine genişleyen coğrafyalarını referans alan bir yaklaşımın gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.
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Fila-Bakabadio, Sarah. "On décalages in the African Diaspora." African Diaspora 11, no. 1-2 (December 9, 2019): 162–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18725465-01101008.
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Abstract This paper explores Brent Edwards’s 2001 notion of “décalage” and its role in the evolution of the African diaspora studies. I argue that this notion should be profoundly considered in envisioning the future of the field since it not only reflects the original chasm between African and African-American understandings of the diaspora as Edwards states, but it also illustrates how the diaspora has gradually turned into multiple and sometimes scattered diasporas. I also contend that this multiplicity forces us to question what unites African and Afro-descendants today. I do so relying on Gilles Deleuze’s disjunctive synthesis to examine these three dimensions of diasporan relations. I also discuss how ideological frameworks such as Pan-Africanism or Négritude bridged differences thanks to key ideas of emancipation, black existence and connected struggles. I finally explore contemporary models that could renew diaspora studies: Africana and Afro-liminalities.
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Buitrago Leal, Roxana. "What are the different ways in which we can understand gendered diasporic identities?" Zona Próxima, no. 11 (May 17, 2022): 170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/zp.11.080.91.
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Gender studies has facilitated the exploration of Aids and Migration among other social problems, and has enabled a more sensible understanding of the discrimination practices that exist around them. This paper will discuss the aspects in which gender studies have contributed to assess issues regarding migration from the gendered diaspora perspective. This sociological construction of diaspora encompasses the many different reasons why migrants decide to leave their country, bounded by national, racial or ethnic background, which enroll in a strong political motivation. Although in this essay, the theoretical discussion will embrace male gendered diasporas as well, critics of the term have questioned how gendered diasporas have been traditionally understood of men. The first part of the discussion will be guided by the question: what is a gendered diaspora identity? The essay will emphasise the gendered category of analysis. I will argue how gendered identities are constructed under the circumstances of dominance and oppression that result from displacement. First, the deconstruction of the social category of gendered diaspora will be assessed, through an examination of Ella Shohat ́s agreement of identity. The essay will then examine the term diaspora and its ambivalences and criticisms. The second part of the discussion will consider three separate cases of how gendered diasporic identities are being understood, including: the cultural representations of Cuban Americans, the Sikh diaspora and Armenian women in Los Angeles.
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Keles, Janroj Yılmaz. "Digital Diaspora and Social Capital." Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 9, no. 3 (2016): 315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18739865-00903004.
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The Internet and its applications, such as social media, have revolutionized the way stateless diasporas communicate transnationally. This new virtual, deterritorialized conversation between diasporic individuals contributes to building (digital) social networks which constitute resources and opportunities for diasporas, central to social and geographical mobility. This paper explores the role of the Internet in connecting diasporas without a home nation-state, encouraging subordinated people to participate in civic society and creating a collective source of digital social capital in the diaspora. I argue that the Internet, particularly social media, contributes to the growth of social networks, social capital and the community’s cultural and political participation within and across nation-state borders.
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Shain, Yossi, and Aharon Barth. "Diasporas and International Relations Theory." International Organization 57, no. 3 (2003): 449–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818303573015.
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In this article, we incorporate the study of diasporas into international relations (IR) theory by focusing on diasporas as independent actors who actively influence their homeland (kin-state) foreign policies. We argue that diasporic influences can best be understood by situating them in the ‘theoretical space’ shared by constructivism and liberalism; two approaches that acknowledge the impact of identity and domestic politics on international behavior. We also maintain that the exploration of diasporic activities can enrich both constructivism and liberalism. First, diasporas' identity-based motivations should be an integral part of the constructivist effort to explain the formation of national identities. Second, diasporic activities and influences in their homelands expand the meaning of the term ‘domestic politics’ to include not only politics inside the state but also inside the people For the liberal approach, this is a “new fact” in the Lakatosian sense of the word. We theorize that the extent of diasporic influence on homeland foreign policy is determined by three components that make up the ‘balance of power’ between homelands and diasporas. We then test this theory by delving into the interaction between the newly established state of Armenia and its powerful diaspora, and by comparing this case with examples taken from the relations between Israel and diaspora Jews.
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Khan, Aisha. "Dark Arts and Diaspora." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 17, no. 1 (June 2013): 40–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.17.1.40.
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Exploring the relationship between diaspora and creolization, this article analyzes their shared theoretical foundation in the concept of community. With the premise that empirical evidence of social behavior is both a problematic and a necessity in understanding processes of diaspora and creolization, the article takes as its case in point a cultural phenomenon commonly known in the Atlantic World as obeah: magical practices using supernatural powers. Deriving largely from West and Central African religious traditions, but also from European and South Asian sources, obeah is consummately creole. It is found in various forms in virtually all Caribbean diasporas in North America and in other diaspora destinations such as the United Kingdom. Obeah’s fraught and complex four centuries of colonial history has rendered it as bane and succor at the same time, both embraced and denied by dominant as well as subaltern peoples. These qualities of ambivalence and ambiguity raise probing questions about the creation and role of “community” in producing diasporic identities and the transformational, creolized cultures they carry. The article will discuss obeah’s Caribbean slave plantation past and its diasporic present, asking how obeah, a creolelized, simultaneously inclusive and divisive phenomenon, figures in the formation of community and thus in defining and interpreting diaspora.
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Mlambo, Nefasi. "Diaspora, Gender and Identity Transformations inthe Context African Philosophy and Culture: A Case of Zimbabwe." International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science XII, no. XII (2024): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.51583/ijltemas.2023.121210.
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his paper sought to explore diaspora, gender and identity transformations in the context African philosophy and culture. The paper explored diaspora, gender and identity transformations of Zimbabwean society and the concomitant demise of socio-cultural practices, dissecting how diasporas have shaped its cultural identity. 20 participants were purposively drawn from adult Zimbabwean family members living in the diaspora or with diasporic lived experiences of more than three years. The author used a scoping review of literature related to African philosophy, diaspora, gender and identity using search engines. Questionnaires and interview schedule were also used to gather data. Results show that diasporic experiences produce fused, identity and gender modes of cultural dimensions marked by significant, negative transformations. Gender was found to be a central cog that affects every stage of the migration process, interactions and subsequent outcomes. Additionally, it was noted that men are the worst affected as they are faced with challenges of trying to model families within the philosophy or context of African gender, sex and identity whilst children born in the diaspora face a myriad of challenges trying to meet the desired or accepted status. From these findings it could be concluded that diaspora life and identity exist under highly toxic and polarized relations which harbours identity confusion, mental instability, altered gender roles and to some extent self-destructive behaviours like prostitution, drugs and substance abuse, mutilation and suicide. The researcher therefore recommends collaborative, large-scale researches with those in the diaspora. The government should establish Zimbabwean culture centres in countries where Zimbabweans are diaspora to preserve our philosophies. Another recommendation is to curb the diaspora ecstasy as well as provision of multicultural counseling to those in the diaspora.
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Nieswand, Boris. "Ghanaian Migrants in Germany and the Social Construction of Diaspora Les migrants ghanéens en Allemagne et la construction sociale de la diaspora." African Diaspora 1, no. 1-2 (2008): 28–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187254608x346051.
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Abstract This article explores diasporic discourses and practices among Ghanaian migrants in Germany. Instead of presuming that 'diaspora' is a stringent theoretical concept or refers to a bounded group in a sociological sense, it is argued that it provides migrants with a grammar of practice that allows for the situational and contextual construction of different types of 'diasporas'. Empirically, three social sites of construction are identified. Firstly, the Ghanaian nation-state and the reconfiguration of Ghanaian nationalism play an important role for promoting diasporic discourses. Secondly, the discourse of development and 'charity rituals' of ethnic and 'hometown' associations are of particular relevance for the proliferation of Ghanaian 'diasporas'. Thirdly, Ghanaian chieftaincies are involved in diasporic activities. The article is based on data collected in thirteen months of multi-sited ethnography conducted in Germany and Ghana between 2001 and 2003 and the analysis of video tapes, newspaper articles and web pages. Cet article explore les discours diasporiques et les pratiques trouvées parmi les migrants ghanéens en Allemagne. Plutôt que de présumer que la « diaspora » est un concept théorique strict ou fait référence à un groupe délimité dans un sens sociologique, il est soutenu qu'il fournit une grammaire de pratiques qui permet la construction situationnelle et contextuelle de différents types de « diasporas ». Empiriquement, trois lieux de construction sociale sont identifiés. Premièrement l'Etat-nation ghanéen et la reconfiguration du nationalisme ghanéen jour un rôle important pour promouvoir des discours diasporiques. Deuxièmement, le discours du développement et des « rituels de charité » des associations ethniques et des « villes natales » a une pertinence particulière pour la prolifération des « diasporas » ghanéennes. Troisièmement, les chefferies des tribus ghanéennes sont impliquées dans les activités de la diaspora. Empiriquement, cet article se base sur treize mois d'ethnographie, conduite en Allemagne et au Ghana entre 2001 et 2003, et sur l'analyse de bandes-vidéos, d'articles de journaux et de sites web.
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Urpekova, Amina. "Building the Bonds: A Comparison of Diaspora Engagement Policies in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan." Turkish Journal of Diaspora Studies 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52241/tjds.2022.0034.
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Diaspora are thought to have political, economic, and social potential in both home and host countries. They are a source of economic investments and remittances for home countries, which can account for a significant portion of a country’s GDP in some cases. The diaspora’s expertise, knowledge, and skills can help social and cultural development in the country of origin. To gain access to these economic, social, and political resources, countries of origin develop diaspora engagement policies and incorporate the diaspora into national political discourse. Central Asian countries are developing relationships with diasporas and compatriot communities, as well as implementing state diaspora engagement policies, while taking diaspora capacity and migration outflow into account. However, the historical, political, economic, and social characteristics of the region’s countries have an impact on policy content and implementation. This paper investigates and compares the main characteristics of Central Asian countries’ diaspora policies, as well as seeks to comprehend and reveal the nature of the state governance system’s impact on diaspora relations. Two Central Asian countries, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, have been chosen as case studies to examine with document analysis methodology from 2016 to the present, as this period coincides with policy activation in both countries.
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KSHETRI, NIR. "THE DIASPORA AS A CHANGE AGENT IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP-RELATED INSTITUTIONS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 18, no. 03 (September 2013): 1350021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946713500210.
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Diaspora networks' role in supporting and stimulating entrepreneurial activities in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) economies need hardly be elaborated. For instance, some SSA countries have established government agencies to encourage diasporas to help local communities and provide policy advice. At the 2003 Extra-Ordinary Summit of the Assembly of Heads of State and Governments, the African Union (AU) amended Article Three of its Constitutive Act to invite and encourage African diaspora's active participation. However, institutional changes associated with diaspora networks are a phenomenon that has been noted but poorly understood. This paper addresses a little examined intersection between the diaspora literature and the institutions literature. We examine the contexts, mechanisms and processes associated with diaspora networks' roles as institutional change agents in the context of entrepreneurial behaviors in SSA economies. Our dependent variables are measures of changes in institutions associated with diaspora network. We have related our analysis mainly to the nature of the diaspora networks compared to other networks, characteristics of the environments in which diaspora networks are embedded in and operate, and some activities, mechanisms and modes that serve to transmit institutions from the host country to the homeland.
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Hess, Christin. "What Are “Reverse Diasporas” and How Are We to Understand Them?" Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 17, no. 3 (June 2014): 288–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.17.3.288.
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This article presents empirical evidence from two contemporary diasporas to support the thesis that formal return to the homeland does not necessarily “unmake” diasporas, as some scholars have previously suggested. I argue that, instead, so-called reverse diaspora formation processes take place, with important repercussions for the acculturation of co-ethnic immigrants in their nominal “homelands.” This article focuses on this latter issue, primarily on processes of identity formation and notions of belonging and home, which are particularly meaningful in the context of this diasporic “homecoming.” It draws on the structured comparison of the ethnic Greek and ethnic German diasporas from the former Soviet Union who moved to Greece and Germany after perestroika. Despite their rich and illuminating analogies and overlaps, these two diaspora groups have never been compared and contrasted before. After a brief historical contextualization, complicated processes of identity negotiation and belonging in the putative “historical homelands” are investigated comparatively, lending credence to the idea that “reverse” German and Greek diasporas have developed within (and often in conflict with) contemporary Greek and German societies. The fact that they occur simultaneously in both countries tends to suggest that the concept of reverse diaspora is an important one that needs closer attention from scholars in the future. The article concludes by outlining how we may conceptualize a reverse diaspora, based on existing definitions of diaspora. My research materials consist of in-depth qualitative data collected over the course of six years by means of eighty-one semi-structured interviews in Russian, German, and Greek with migrants and experts in Greece and Germany, embedded in ethnographic research and supplemented by statistical data.
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van den Herik, Larissa, and Mirjam van Reisen. "International Commissions of Inquiry in a Networked World: Unveiling the Roles of Diasporas through an Eritrean Case Study." International Journal of Transitional Justice 13, no. 3 (September 20, 2019): 417–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijtj/ijz020.
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Abstract International Commissions of Inquiry (COIs) have become important components of the human rights fact-finding, accountability and transitional justice architecture. The core task of COIs is to investigate international crises and construe what happened on the ground. The increasing tendency of states under scrutiny to refuse territorial access frustrates COI performance. It leaves COIs with no option but to operate from outside the state. COIs have developed various strategies to overcome the impediment of the uncooperative state, including the use of satellite imagery, conducting extraterritorial public hearings, interviewing individuals in the territory through Skype and other media as well as collecting accounts from individuals in the diaspora. This article focuses on the engagement of COIs with the diaspora. It presents diasporas as actors that may have considerable significance for COIs in a variety of ways, beyond sharing information. The article unveils the distinct roles that diasporic actors may entertain vis-à-vis international inquiries, as subjects in need of protection, information providers, and audience and mobilization forces. Looking at the COI for Eritrea, the article tests how these different roles play out in practice and how they interrelate. It thus sheds light on the capacity of COIs to make a difference extraterritorially for individuals in the diaspora, and on the capacity of diasporic actors to influence COI findings and shape follow up. The Eritrean COI experience illustrates that a purely instrumental approach towards diasporas – one which only regards diasporas as sources of information and which fails to protect extraterritorially or tap into the greater potential of diaspora mobilization – lessens COI effectivity for broader human rights and transitional justice purposes.
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Mosneaga, Valeriu. "Republic of Moldova: Diaspora and Diaspora Policy." Slovak Journal of Political Sciences 14, no. 2 (March 1, 2014): 150–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjps-2014-0007.
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Abstract Republic of Moldova: Diaspora and Diaspora policy. In this article the Moldovan Diaspora and Moldova’s policy regarding Diasporas phenomena are researched. The historical and the contemporary contexts of formation of Moldovan Diasporas are revealed. The roles of Moldovan citizens’ labor migration, as well as the formation of Moldovan communities and Diasporas abroad are analyzed. The main directions of Moldova’s Diaspora policy are shown: visa free regime and readmission; mobility and circular migration; juridical and social protection of Moldovan migrants abroad; the return and reintegration of Moldovan labor migrants into their homeland’s society. The role of state bodies in the development and implementation of migration policies on a national level is analyzed; the institutional changes and role of the Bureau for the Relations with Diaspora in the coordination of Moldovan state structures’ activity towards working with the Moldovan Diaspora is demonstrated. The role of non-state actors (migrant associations, Diaspora congresses, the church, trade unions, and other) in maintaining of language, culture, traditions, Moldovan identity, in the social and economical development, and Moldova’s cooperation with the accepting country are revealed. The state’s activity in protecting and respecting the political, socioeconomical, and cultural rights of Moldovan emigrants is characterized
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MISSBACH, ANTJE. "The Waxing and Waning of the Acehnese Diaspora's Long-distance Politics." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 3 (October 19, 2012): 1055–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000571.
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AbstractThis paper sheds light on the long-distance politics of a small and rather young diaspora—the Acehnese overseas—which proved to be very influential on homeland politics despite its relatively small size, especially with regard to the separatist conflict in Aceh, Indonesia. Special attention is therefore given to the close connections between the politicized migrant population overseas and their involvement back home. Born out of the suffering of people in Aceh and in Malaysia—the main destiny for refugees—the Acehnese overseas started to organize informal associations and networks to foster mutual support. During the almost 30-year-long conflict, material, financial, and other forms of support were directed not only to members of the diaspora, but also to people in Aceh, as well as the separatists, which enabled them to continue their struggle for Aceh's independence from Indonesia. Unlike larger conflict-generated diasporas that can afford to send home large sums of money, the Acehnese diaspora's greatest strength was the ideological and moral support they provided to people back in Aceh. The evolution of the diaspora and its activities were closely linked to developments in the homeland. By emphasizing the dependence of diasporas on homeland developments, which dictates the level of their political engagement, this paper draws attention to the diaspora's support for both the perpetuation of conflictandconflict resolution. After the end of the conflict in 2005, the diaspora lost its prominent role, and became involved in rudimentary forms of long-distance engagement.
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Munas, Mohamed. "It Is Our Motherland Too." Diaspora Studies 16, no. 2 (May 18, 2023): 142–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/09763457-bja10037.
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Abstract Foregrounding fluid processes of group identity re/formation, this article advances the debates on the nature of collective mobilisation among diasporas. Specifically, it contributes to a relatively underexplored diaspora studies sub-field: the role of religion in diasporic identity formation. Empirical material from the immigrant group Muslims of Sri Lankan origin in the United Kingdom indicates that religious identities play a key role in the process of formation of political identities and framing under the concept of one ummah. Further, critical events and crisis situations in places of origin mobilise these groups to form social and solidarity movements. This article contributes to ongoing debates on the constructivist approach to diaspora engagement, which goes beyond the conventional ways of understanding diasporas as ‘dispersed victims’. To this end, I argue that the diasporic characteristics are contingent upon the collective experience and embodiment of crisis situations at home and host sites.
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Ho, Elaine L. E., and Fiona McConnell. "Conceptualizing ‘diaspora diplomacy’: Territory and populations betwixt the domestic and foreign." Progress in Human Geography 43, no. 2 (November 5, 2017): 235–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309132517740217.
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This article bridges diaspora studies and diplomacy studies by proposing the concept of ‘diaspora diplomacy’, which considers the components of diplomacy and the changing relationships that diasporas have with states and other diplomatic actors. First, we ask who are the key actors engaged in diaspora diplomacy? Second, how is diplomatic work enacted by and through diasporas? Third, what are the geographies of diaspora diplomacy? Diaspora diplomacy directs researchers to reconsider the distinction between domestic and foreign policy, and the territorial dimensions of both diaspora and diplomacy. We engage with assemblage theory, highlighting the polylateral and multi-directional aspects of diaspora diplomacy.
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Tombe, Sandra K. Y. "“My Opinion This Time Is Not Good”: Determinants of the South Sudanese Diaspora's Opinion on Its Role in Peace, the Number of States, and the 2018 Peace Agreement." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 24, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.24.1.2024.03.05.
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This study examines the factors that influence the South Sudanese diaspora's perceptions of its role in peace, its disagreement with the creation of new states in South Sudan, and its opinion of the 2018 peace agreement. Through a survey conducted among diaspora members in Nebraska, United States, in September 2018 and May 2019, this study finds that participants with a high level of engagement in their diaspora community are significantly more likely to disagree that the diaspora's contribution towards peace in South Sudan is negative, thus viewing their role favorably. Furthermore, participants from the Equatoria region are significantly more likely to disagree with increasing the number of states and to hold a negative view of the 2018 peace agreement. Other demographic variables, such as age, number of years spent in the diaspora, level of education, and level of interest are also statistically significant in various models. This article argues for the relevance of diasporas in politically contentious and volatile contexts such as South Sudan. It contributes to the literature on peacemaking and peacebuilding by using new data to study a relatively under-explored diaspora community.
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Averianova, Nina. "THE CONCEPT OF «DIASPORA» IN RESEARCH WORKS OF FOREIGN SCIENTISTS: PARTICULARITIES OF INTERPRETATIONS AND USE." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 28 (2021): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.28.1.
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The author of the article shows that the term «Diaspora» is often found in foreign scientific circulation. Scientists are gradually introducing new understandings and meanings into the content of the concept of «Diaspora». The definition of «Diaspora» is based on various criteria and characteristics - ethnic, religious, economic, political, etc. And although this word was used in the distant past, however, fundamental developments regarding the concept of «Diaspora» appeared relatively long ago. In the 90s of the twentieth century, a large number of different definitions and typologies of diasporas were proposed, even a new discipline was formed – Diaspora studies. It was during this period that the use of terms such as «Diaspora» and «transnationalism» increased. The author emphasizes the importance of research by such foreign scientists as John A. Armstrong, Rogers Brubaker, Michel Bruneau, Nicholas Van Hear, Milton J. Esman, James Clifford, Robin Cohen, Alain Medam, William Safran, Valeriy Tishkov, Thomas Faist, Gabriel Sheffer. Analyzes the well-known works of these authors regarding the definition of the concept of «Diaspora» and its types. Draws attention to the fact that diasporas today are not only historically formed communities that live outside the country of origin and adhere to ethnocultural traditions. These are certain forces of influence on the authorities of the country of residence and a political instrument in the international arena. The development of modern technologies, expanded access to cyberspace has also affected the functioning of the diasporas. These changes were reflected in new terms – «e-diasporas», «net-diasporas», «web-diasporas», «Onlinediasporas», «digital diasporas». Proves the need for a clear definition of the concept of «Diaspora», because the process of Diaspora takes on new forms and the influence of diasporas is increasing both in the countries of residence and in the countries of origin. The lack of a definition of the specified period directs scientists to further study the problem.
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Akanle, Olayinka. "The Diaspora and Sociopolitical Mobilisations in Nigeria." Diaspora Studies 16, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 88–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/09763457-bja10027.
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Abstract Nigeria has a significant body of diasporic nationals. While studies abound on the economic and developmental roles of the diaspora, there is a paucity of research on the sociopolitical mobilisation interfaces of diasporas with their countries of origin. This article contributes to an understanding of the complexities and multiplicities of the roles of the diaspora in their countries of origin, using the case of Nigeria. It also provides alternative interpretations of what forced migration and fake news connote, through the real experiences of diasporic Nigerians. A qualitative study was conducted among sixteen diasporic Nigerians, interviewed in 2021–2022, in the United States of America (USA), Namibia, Australia, South Africa, United Kingdom (UK), Botswana and Republic of Ireland. Primary data was triangulated with autoethnography and secondary data to sufficiently understand the reasons for migration, the constructs of forced migration, roles in national development, the sharing of fake news and sociopolitical mobilisations and protests.
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Popyk, Anzhela. "The Priorities and Challenges of Diaspora Education Policies in Poland and Lithuania." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 49, no. 2 (188) (October 2023): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.23.017.18631.
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The changing character of diasporas and states’ politics intersect with new challenges in the policymaking process. This study aims to investigate the priorities and hardships of the diaspora education policies in Poland and Lithuania. The study applies the three-dimensional approach (Lesińska, Popyk 2021) to study diaspora policy and draws on qualitative research with the diaspora state institution representatives in the two countries. This paper compares the role of diaspora education policy in a broader policy context, alongside presenting the challenges, namely “socio-demographic”, “methodological”, “political” and “financial”, that state institutions face while ensuring education for the young members of diasporas. It contributes to the scholarship on diaspora policies studies by presenting how state institutions approach and govern the relationships with young diasporas through ensuring education and support social and cultural life of diaspora schools.
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Birka, Ieva, and Romy Wasserman. "Developed Country Diaspora Strategy Framework." Diaspora Studies 16, no. 3 (July 3, 2023): 241–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/09763457-bja10045.
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Abstract As developed countries become more and more interested in implementing diaspora strategies, this article reviews relevant literature for diaspora strategy design and implementation and distils elements of existing typologies into a conceptual framework for evaluating developed country diaspora strategies. The framework is then applied to the evaluation of the diaspora policies of Ireland and Australia, which emerge as examples of engaged versus passive states in relation to their diasporas. Interviews with diaspora engagement practitioners are used to elucidate the policies and practices that underpin diaspora engagement strategies in these countries. The resulting analysis has implications for theorising diaspora engagement and offers practical lessons for other countries looking to connect with their diasporas.
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Chernobrov, Dmitry, and Leila Wilmers. "Diaspora Identity and a New Generation: Armenian Diaspora Youth on the Genocide and the Karabakh War." Nationalities Papers 48, no. 5 (December 9, 2019): 915–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nps.2019.74.
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AbstractIn this article, we explore the role of the early 20th-century Armenian genocide and the unresolved Karabakh conflict of the 1990s in identity shaping among the new generation of Armenian diaspora—those who grew up after the establishment of the independent Armenian state in 1991. We draw on original interviews with diasporic youth in France, the United Kingdom, and Russia—diasporas that were largely built in the aftermath of the genocide and the Karabakh war. Diaspora youth relate to these events through transmitted collective memories, but also reconnect with the distant homeland’s past and present in new ways as they engage with new possibilities of transnational digital communication and mobility. Their experiences of identity shed light on how the new generation of diasporic Armenians defines itself in relation to the past; how this past is (re)made present in their interpretations of the Karabakh conflict and in everyday behaviors; and how diasporic youth experience the dilemmas of “moving on” from traumatic narratives that for a long time have been seen as foundational to their identity.