Relevant bibliographies by topics / Diamond formation

Academic literature on the topic 'Diamond formation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Diamond formation"

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Simakov, Sergey, and Yuri Stegnitskiy. "On the presence of the postmagmatic stage of diamond formation in kimberlites." Записки Горного института 255 (July 26, 2022): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2022.22.

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On nowadays multiphase and the facies heterogeneity of the formations are distinguished at the study of kimberlite pipes. Most researchers associate the formation of diamonds only with the mantle source. To date, satellite minerals with specific compositions associated with kimberlite diamonds have been identified as deep mantle diamond association. They are extracted from the concentrate of the kimberlites heavy fraction and may reflect the diamond grade of the pipe. For some minerals in the diamond association, however, they can not be reliable. Some researchers also revealed shallow diamond associations, related to the formation of serpentine, calcite, apatite, and phlogopite. There is recent data on the formation of diamonds in rocks of the oceanic crust. In the last years microdiamonds were identified in chromites of the oceanic crust in association with antigorite formed at 350-650 °C and 0.1-1.6 GPa. As a result, the authors established a postmagmatic kimberlitic stage of diamond formation associated with secondary mineral associations based on the experimental and mineralogical data for the conditions of the shallow upper mantle and crust. Mineralogical and petrographic studies of Angolan kimberlite pipe show that antigorite is the indicator mineral of this stage.
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Craven, J. A., B. Harte, D. Fisher, and D. J. Schulze. "Diffusion in diamond. I. Carbon isotope mapping of natural diamond." Mineralogical Magazine 73, no. 2 (April 2009): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2009.073.2.193.

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AbstractRecent advances in ion microprobe instrumentation and techniques have enabled the mapping of C isotope ratios across the whole of a polished plate of a natural diamond from Guaniamo, Venezuela. The resultant map of C isotope variation closely matches the cathodoluminescence image of the growth structure of the diamond and, therefore, indicates an extremely limited scale of diffusion of C atoms sincethetimeof diamond formation. This result is compatible with thelimite d mobility of N atoms shown by theIaAB aggregation stateof thediamond. Inclusions in thediamond aree clogitic, in common with many Guaniamo diamonds with temperatures of formation of around 1200ºC. At such temperature the IaAB aggregation state indicates a mantle residence time on the order of 1 Ga. Such temperatures of formation and mantle residence times are common to many natural diamonds; thus the extremely limited diffusion of C isotopes shown by the mapping indicates that many diamonds will retain the C isotope compositions of their initial formation.
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Tillmann, Wolfgang, and Artur Martin Osmanda. "Production of Diamond Tools by Brazing." Materials Science Forum 502 (December 2005): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.502.425.

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Diamond tools are increasingly gaining importance as cutting materials for various construction materials. The quality of synthetic diamonds, monocrystalline as well as polycrystalline or CVD-diamonds has been significantly improved over the last years. Integrating these cutting materials requires adequate joining technologies that produce sound joints without exposing the temperature sensitive diamond to too elevated temperatures. The paper highlights current developments in the joining of synthetic diamonds to steel. Owing to their covalent atomic bonding diamonds cannot easily be wetted and joined by employing conventional brazing alloys. Hence, active agents are needed to foster an interfacial reaction. Different active filler concepts are presented and discussed regarding their joint formation. The brazing temperatures influence not only possible diamond degradation but also the interfacial decomposition of the diamond due to the formation of corresponding reaction layers.
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Faccincani, Luca, Valerio Cerantola, Fabrizio Nestola, Paolo Nimis, Luca Ziberna, Leonardo Pasqualetto, Aleksandr I. Chumakov, Jeffrey W. Harris, and Massimo Coltorti. "Relatively oxidized conditions for diamond formation at Udachnaya (Siberia)." European Journal of Mineralogy 34, no. 6 (November 15, 2022): 549–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ejm-34-549-2022.

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Abstract. Thanks to the physical strength of diamonds and their relatively unreactive chemical nature, their mineral inclusions may remain exceptionally preserved from alteration processes and chemical exchanges with surrounding minerals, fluids and/or melts following diamond formation. Cr-bearing spinels are relatively common inclusions found in peridotitic diamonds and important oxybarometers providing information about the oxygen fugacity (fO2) of their source mantle rocks. Here, we investigated a magnesiochromite–olivine touching pair in a diamond from the Udachnaya kimberlite (Siberia) by in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction and energy-domain synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy, aiming to constrain the physical–chemical conditions of diamond formation and to explore the redox state of this portion of the Siberian craton when the diamond was formed. The P–T–fO2 entrapment conditions of the inclusion pair, determined by thermo- and oxybarometric analyses, are ∼ 5.7(0.4) GPa and ∼ 1015(50) ∘C (although entrapment at higher T and re-equilibration during subsequent mantle storage are also possible) and fO2 near the enstatite–magnesite–olivine–diamond (EMOD) buffer. The determined fO2 is similar to, or slightly more oxidized than, those of xenoliths from Udachnaya, but whilst the xenoliths last equilibrated with the surrounding mantle just prior to their entrainment in the kimberlite at ∼ 360 Ma, the last equilibration of the inclusion pair is much older, occurring at 3.5–3.1, ∼ 2 or ∼ 1.8 Ga before final encapsulation in its host diamond. Hence, the similarity between xenoliths and inclusion fO2 values indicates that the modern redox state of this portion of the Siberian lithosphere was likely attained relatively early after its formation and may have persisted for billions of years after diamond formation, at least at the local scale. Moreover, the oxygen fugacity determination for the inclusion pair provides direct evidence of diamond formation near the EMOD buffer and is consistent with recent models suggesting relatively oxidized, water-rich CHO fluids as the most likely parents for lithospheric diamonds.
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Chen, Ming, Jinfu Shu, Xiande Xie, Dayong Tan, and Ho-kwang Mao. "Natural diamond formation by self-redox of ferromagnesian carbonate." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 11 (February 26, 2018): 2676–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1720619115.

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Formation of natural diamonds requires the reduction of carbon to its bare elemental form, and pressures (P) greater than 5 GPa to cross the graphite–diamond transition boundary. In a study of shocked ferromagnesian carbonate at the Xiuyan impact crater, we found that the impact pressure–temperature (P-T) of 25–45 GPa and 800–900 °C were sufficient to decompose ankerite Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 to form diamond in the absence of another reductant. The carbonate self-reduced to diamond by concurrent oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ to form a high-P polymorph of magnesioferrite, MgFe3+2O4. Discovery of the subsolidus carbonate self-reduction mechanism indicates that diamonds could be ubiquitously present as a dominant host for carbon in the Earth’s lower mantle.
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Varlamova, Liubov A., Sergey V. Erohin, and Pavel B. Sorokin. "The Role of Structural Defects in the Growth of Two-Dimensional Diamond from Graphene." Nanomaterials 12, no. 22 (November 12, 2022): 3983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12223983.

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The presented work is devoted to the study of the formation of the thinnest diamond film (diamane). We investigate the initial stages of diamond nucleation in imperfect bilayer graphene exposed by the deposition of H atoms (chemically induced phase transition). We show that defects serve as nucleation centers, their hydrogenation is energy favorable and depends on the defect type. Hydrogenation of vacancies facilitates the binding of graphene layers, but the impact wanes already at the second coordination sphere. Defects influence of 5|7 is lower but promotes diamondization. The grain boundary role is similar but can lead to the final formation of a diamond film consisting of chemically connected grains with different surfaces. Interestingly, even hexagonal and cubic two-dimensional diamonds can coexist together in the same film, which suggests the possibility of obtaining a new two-dimensional polycrystal unexplored before.
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Pokhilenko, Lyudmila, Nikolay Pokhilenko, Vladimir Malkovets, and Taisia Alifirova. "The Earliest Generation of Diamond: The First Find of a Diamond Inclusion in Kimberlitic Olivine." Minerals 13, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13010036.

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Today, it is known that the majority of diamonds are crystallized mostly from a metasomatic agent close in the main characteristics to carbonatite melts acting upon mantle rocks, and therefore, diamonds are located in the interstitial space of these rocks. So far, diamond has never been found included in other kimberlitic or xenolithic minerals. We have found a diamond inclusion inside the kimberlitic olivine grain, which is the first find of its kind. The diamond crystal is to have been captured by the growing olivine at quite high temperatures (more than 1400 °C) early in the history of the cratonic lithospheric mantle formation. The event had taken place long before the depleted peridotite cooled down to the temperature of the Middle Archean cratonic geotherm corresponding to the diamond stability field at depths where carbonatite melts can react with depleted peridotite, making it a diamond-bearing rock. On the one hand, this find provides evidence that diamonds can crystallize from the high-temperature silicate melt with some carbonate component. On the other hand, the diamond was found coexisting with a sulfide inclusion in the same olivine, i.e., crystallization from a sulfide melt may be another way of diamond formation.
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LIKHACHEV, Alexander. "Thermohydraulic effect as a possible reason for natural diamonds formation and its manifestation conditions." Domestic geology, no. 6 (January 28, 2022): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.47765/0869-7175-2021-10034.

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It is shown that diamond formation can be associated with the manifestation of the thermohydraulic effect, the explosive water reaction to the impulse action of ultrahigh temperatures (kimberlite magmas). The process simultaneously destroys the “old” diamonds and creates the “new” ones, with possible synthesis and preservation of idiomorphic diamond crystals. The issues of the process occurrence in natural conditions are considered. The general pattern in diamond deposits distribution is noted, which is their preferable confinement to non-magnetic and weakly magnetic fields of the Earth’s crust; these fields are characterized by a reducing environment favorable for diamonds and other minerals formation.
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Sobolev, V. V., O. S. Kovrov, M. M. Nalisko, N. V. Bilan, and O. A. Tereshkova. "Compound physical and mechanical effects stimulating metastable diamond formation." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 4 (2021): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-4/047.

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Purpose. To synthesize diamond polycrystals in a thermodynamically stable region, and to grow up a single crystal shell under conditions of thermodynamic metastability. To investigate some physical properties and features of the internal structure for synthesized single crystals for the development of new models and hypotheses regarding the issue of diamond genesis. Methodology. Experimental studies using shock-wave effects on a metal alloy containing non-diamond carbon. Methods of infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy, X-ray phase analysis, electron paramagnetic resonance, isotope analysis, differential thermal analysis, electron microscopy, and others are used. The synthesis of nanocrystalline diamond particles as nuclei for growing single crystals is carried out by the shock-wave method using profiled shock waves. Findings. A complex of physicochemical methods for studying the grown diamond monocrystals has been carried out. The reasons for the discrete growth of diamond and the retention of the central inclusion (a polycrystalline diamond of shock-wave origin) in the process of growth have been established and analyzed. It is shown that the discreteness of diamond formation is characteristic only for thermodynamically metastable conditions. The results of the experiments give grounds to make an assumption about the metastable growth, including of diamonds from primary deposits. Originality. The hypothesis has been developed concerning the origin of diamond nanoparticles in interstellar carbon clouds which refer exclusively to central polycrystalline inclusions in a monocrystal diamond shell. The hypothesis eliminates the scientific contradiction that arises in all cases when attempts are made to interpret the natural discreteness of diamond formation based on the regularities of the graphite-diamond state diagram. Possible causes of discrete diamond formation in nature and the scenario of the formation of diamond nanocrystals in an interstellar cloud of atomic carbon have been considered. Practical value. The value of the experimental research results refers to the development of a non-energy-intensive technology for the growing large diamond monocrystals at temperatures of 5001400 K, and pressures of 105107 Pa.
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Logvinova, Alla M., Richard Wirth, Ekaterina N. Fedorova, and Nikolai V. Sobolev. "Nanometre-sized mineral and fluid inclusions in cloudy Siberian diamonds: new insights on diamond formation." European Journal of Mineralogy 20, no. 3 (May 29, 2008): 317–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2008/0020-1815.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diamond formation"

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Newson, Pamela Lynn. "Studies of diamond film formation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30529.

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De, Weerdt Filip. "Spectroscopic studies of defects in diamond including their formation and dissociation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2007. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/spectroscopic-studies-of-defects-in-diamond-including-their-formation-and-dissociation(b05e7748-c1ff-4c57-9c24-ec5cb84baddf).html.

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Southworth, R. E. "The behaviour of the stable isotopes of nitrogen during diamond formation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1478224/.

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The study of mantle diamonds offers the possibility to investigate the geodynamic carbon cycle with an unrivalled spatial and temporal scope. Impurities in diamond, of which nitrogen is the most common, provide a window into the cycling of mantle volatiles. The isotopic compositions of carbon and nitrogen for crustal and mantle derived samples are, on average, distinct, making the carbon and nitrogen isotopic systems potentially useful indicators of interactions between crustal and mantle volatiles. For peridotitic diamonds in particular there is a very large range in δ 15N (−40 to +15 ‰) with only a small range in δ 13C (−5 ± 3 ‰). These variations in diamonds can be attributed to multistage growth from isotopically distinct reservoirs or to fractionation processes operating during single growth steps, or perhaps both. In this thesis, data from mixed-habit diamonds shows that large kinetic fractionations are unlikely to occur in nature. Data from sub-lithospheric diamonds from Juina, and diamondites from Orapa show evidence of recycling of crustal fluids as well as evidence of the involvement of primordial nitrogen during diamond formation. These data lead to the creation of a preliminary model for the deep nitrogen cycle.
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Arunagiri, Tiruchirapalli Natarajan. "Interfacial Electrochemistry of Metal Nanoparticles Formation on Diamond and Copper Electroplating on Ruthenium Surface." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5526/.

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An extremely facile and novel method called spontaneous deposition, to deposit noble metal nanoparticles on a most stable form of carbon (C) i.e. diamond is presented. Nanometer sized particles of such metals as platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), gold (Au), copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) could be deposited on boron-doped (B-doped) polycrystalline diamond films grown on silicon (Si) substrates, by simply immersing the diamond/Si sample in hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution containing ions of the corresponding metal. The electrons for the reduction of metal ions came from the Si back substrate. The diamond/Si interfacial ohmic contact was of paramount importance to the observation of the spontaneous deposition process. The metal/diamond (M/C) surfaces were investigated using Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffractometry (XRD). The morphology (i.e. size and distribution) of metal nanoparticles deposits could be controlled by adjusting the metal ion concentration, HF concentration and deposition time. XRD data indicate the presence of textured and strained crystal lattices of Pd for different Pd/C morphologies, which seem to influence the electrocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO). The sensitivity of electrocatalytic reactions to surface crystal structure implies that M/C could be fabricated for specific electrocatalytic applications. The research also presents electroplating of Cu on ruthenium (Ru), which a priori is a promising barrier material for Cu interconnects in the sub 0.13 μm generation integrated circuits (ICs). Cu plates on Ru with over 90% efficiency. The electrochemical nucleation and growth studies using the potentiostatic current transient method showed a predominantly progressive nucleation of Cu on Ru. This was also supported by SEM imaging, which showed that continuous thin films of Cu (ca. 400 Å) with excellent conformity could be plated over Ru without dendrite formation. Scotch tape peel tests and SEM on Cu/Ru samples both at room temperature (RT) and after annealing at 800 oC, showed no sign of delamination of the Cu film from Ru indicating strong adhesion. XRD patterns from Cu/Ru samples at RT through 800 oC indicated Cu in its characteristic face centered cubic (fcc) form with (111) phase dominating. Most importantly no new XRD peak emerged, even after annealing to 800 oC showing Cu and Ru did not interact much. The excellent adhesion and lack of metallurgical interactions between Cu and Ru underscored the potential application of Ru as a new Cu diffusion barrier in the next generation ICs.
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Pujol, Solà Núria. "Diverse origin and processes in the formation of diamond and other exotic minerals in ophiolitic chromitites." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672455.

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The discovery of ultra-high pressure (UHP), super-reduced (SuR), and continental crust-derived minerals in ophiolitic chromitites worldwide challenged the previous hypotheses for chromitite formation and motivated the proposal of complex geodynamic models involving UHP conditions of formation for the chromite or recycling of the ophiolitic rocks down to the Mantle Transition Zone (410 – 660 km depth). This thesis investigates in detail the chromitites and the associated ophiolitic rocks from the Moa-Baracoa massif, eastern Cuba, and Bou Azzer, Morocco, with emphasis on identifying the presence of exotic minerals, interpreting their formation, and understanding the related geodynamic processes. The interaction of preexisting chromitites with evolved tholeiitic melts that triggered Fe-Ti-Zr metasomatism in the Potosí chromitites (eastern Cuba) is carefully investigated here. There is evidence of coarse granular textures and strongly variable mineralogy composed of recrystallized/neoformed Fe3+-Ti-rich chromite, Ti-rich amphibole, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, olivine, Mg-rich ilmenite, Zr-bearing oxides and silicates, and Fe-Cu-Ni sulfides. Thorough petrographic analysis coupled with the chemical composition of the mineral phases allowed to determine the sequence of mineral formation and to propose a two-stage genetic model: 1) the crystallization of an evolved MORB liquid, via fractional crystallization, produced water-rich residual melts strongly enriched in incompatible elements, and 2) batches of this evolved melt escaped and extensively reacted and metasomatized the surrounding chromitites. U/Pb dating of baddeleyite indicates that the age of the metasomatic event (134.4 ± 14 Ma) matches the age of magmatism related to ophiolite construction in eastern Cuba. The high-Al chromitites of eastern Cuba contain exotic minerals of the three categories: diamond, oriented clinopyroxene and rutile lamellae, graphite-like amorphous carbon, moissanite, native Cu and Si, Fe-Mn alloys, zircon, corundum, and quartz. The studied diamond grains are nanometric in size, located in CH4-bearing fluid inclusions within olivine, and systematically associated with a typical serpentinization mineral assemblage composed of serpentine and magnetite. Textural-mineralogical evidences indicate that nanodiamond formed during low-pressure and low-temperature serpentinization in super-reduced microenvironments (log[fO2;MPa]=−45.3; ΔlogfO2[Iron-Magnetite]=−6.5). The other SuR minerals (moissanite, graphite-like amorphous carbon, native elements, and alloys) also formed in super-reduced CH4-rich microenvironments. On the other hand, nominally UHP phases such as the clinopyroxene lamellae formed as exsolutions after the crystallization of chromite or can represent silicate melt inclusions attached to the growing chromite grains. Oriented rutile lamellae formed after the interaction of chromitites with mafic magma. Finally, continental crust-derived minerals, such as zircon, likely represent xenocrystic material derived from the subducting slab that was entrapped by the chromitite parental melts. The investigation of the Neoproterozoic Bou Azzer chromitites (Morocco) allowed the comparison with the younger Cretaceous Cuban chromitites and other Phanerozoic and Precambrian chromitites. It was possible to determine that the Bou Azzer chromitites formed in the fore-arc setting during subduction-initiation with two stages of evolution: 1) formation of intermediate-Cr chromitites from fore-arc basalts (FAB), and 2) formation of high-Cr chromitites after boninitic melts. These chromitites host inclusions of platinum group minerals and exotic minerals. The unusual mineralogy includes oriented clinopyroxene lamellae, moissanite, native Cu, diaspore, and zircon formed after chromite crystallization and post-magmatic serpentinization processes, thus completely ruling out UHP conditions. Altogether, the results of these investigations represent the first descriptions of exotic minerals in the Cuban and Moroccan ophiolites. The corresponding discussions allowed to reject hypotheses of ultra-high pressure formation or recycling for the studied chromitites and the associated ophiolitic sequences and to ultimately provide simpler formation models for the exotic minerals. Additionally, the investigation provided definitive evidence for the formation of metastable nanodiamond, and other SuR phases, during serpentinization of the oceanic lithosphere at low-pressure and low-temperature conditions. Therefore, the presence of diamond in oceanic rocks, in particular chromitites, cannot be taken as a general indication of deep mantle recycling.
En aquesta tesi doctoral s’investiguen en detall les cromitites ofiolítiques de Cuba Oriental i de Bou Azzer, Marroc, per tal d’identificar la presència de minerals exòtics d’ultra-alta pressió, formats en condicions superreduïdes o derivats de l’escorça continental, i interpretar-ne la formació. Els resultats representen la primera descripció de minerals exòtics en aquestes ofiolites i les respectives discussions han permès descartar condicions d’ultra alta pressió per les cromitites i les roques associades i proposar models de formació simples relacionats amb la serpentinització de la litosfera oceànica pels minerals exòtics. S’ha investigat la interacció de líquids toleítics evolucionats amb cromitites preexistents a la zona de Potosí, Cuba, i es proposa un model de formació en dues etapes: primer la cristal·lització d’un magma de tipus MORB genera, mitjançant cristal·lització fraccionada, magmes residuals enriquits en elements incompatibles, i posteriorment alguns d’aquests magmes residuals s’escapen i reaccionen amb les cromitites. A les cromitites ofiolítiques de Cuba Oriental s’ha pogut identificar diamant, lamel·les orientades de clinopiroxè i de rútil, fases superreduïdes (carboni amorf, moissanita, Si i Cu natiu, aliatges de Fe-Mn) i minerals derivats de l’escorça continental. Els grans de diamant són de mida nanomètrica, es troben en inclusions fluides juntament amb metà, serpentina i magnetita. Totes les evidències indiquen que els nanodiamants es van formar durant la serpentinització en ambients superreduïts en condicions de baixa pressió i temperatura, igual que la resta de minerals superreduïts. En canvi, les lamel·les de clinopiroxè es van formar com a exsolucions degut a la cristal·lització de la cromita i les lamel·les de rútil es van formar per la interacció de les cromitites amb gabres. Finalment, el zircó podria representar material de la placa subduint atrapat pels magmes dels quals va cristal·litzar posteriorment la cromita. La investigació de les cromitites neoproterozoiques de Bou Azzer ha permès determinar la seva formació en una zona d’avant-arc durant l’inici de subducció, diferenciant dos estadis de formació relacionats amb basalts d’avant-arc (FAB) i boninites. Aquestes cromitites contenen inclusions de minerals del grup del platí i de minerals exòtics com són lamel·les de clinopiroxè, moissanita, Cu natiu, diàspora i zircó, similar a les cromitites de Cuba.
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Hickey, Diane P. "Ion implantation induced defect formation and amorphization in the Group IV semiconductors: diamond, silicon, and germanium /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0021224.

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Walsh, Carl. "Deep ultra-hot Archaean mantle dynamics; highly depleted residues as cradles for mantle diamond." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/235717/1/Carl%2BWalsh%2BThesis.pdf.

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This project investigated the origin of ancient continents (more than 2.5 billion years old) that are often thought to form by shallow melting in the Earth’s mantle. Here, modelling and analysis of rock chemistry show deep melting is much more likely to produce the rocks and minerals observed, including minerals trapped in diamonds. A new formation model for ancient continents is presented that can explain the hottest lavas to ever erupt on Earth, and the association of diamonds with very chemically depleted rocks.
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Ikeda, M., H. Ito, M. Hiramatsu, M. Hori, and T. Goto. "Effects of H, OH, and CH_3 radicals on diamond film formation in parallel-plate radio frequency plasma reactor." American Institute of Physics, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7026.

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Kabbes, Jason E. "Diamond Formation under Lower Mantle Redox Conditions: Experimental Constraints on the Mineralogical Host of Carbon in Earth’s Mantle." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1282152005.

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Mbayi, Letsema. "Turning rough dreams into a polished reality? : investigating the formation of human capital in Botswana's diamond cutting and polishing industry." Thesis, Open University, 2013. http://oro.open.ac.uk/37431/.

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This thesis investigates Botswana’s vision to become a downstream player in the global diamond industry by creating downstream capabilities that can continue to benefit the country when diamond mining is no longer profitable. Botswana is the largest producer of diamonds, accounting for a quarter of the world’s diamond production by value. The government has used diamond revenues to foster economic growth. The diamond-led growth has however resulted in a largely undiversified economy with limited job creation. Furthermore, the country’s diamond-led growth is not sustainable, with resource depletion expected to take place in the next two decades. In response to these economic challenges, the government used its supply dominance to force downstream linkages in the diamond industry. As a result the country has 21 diamond cutting and polishing firms that employ over 3000 workers, representing a tenth of employment in the manufacturing sector. The research examines how efficiently human capital formation in Botswana’s diamond cutting and polishing industry is taking place in order to create downstream capabilities that can foster the industry’s competitiveness. This is done by examining the role of the education and vocational training system, industry training institutes and the firms themselves in creating the human capital required in the diamond cutting and polishing industry. This research also considers the impact of technological change on the industry’s human capital requirements. The education and vocational training system was found to meet the industry’s basic general human capital requirements. But due to the 2embryotic institutional training in the industry, the firms were found to be making investments in both industry- and firm-specific human capital. The research argues that institutional industry training needs to be strengthened, particularly in light of technological changes that may result in more industry-specific human capital requirements in the Botswana’s diamond cutting and polishing industry.
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Books on the topic "Diamond formation"

1

Hand, Leo. 101 diamond formation running plays. Monterey, CA: Coaches Choice, 2012.

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Sullivan, Morgan D. Reservoir characterization and sequence stratigraphy of the Domengine Formation, Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve, Northern California: Domengine field trip guidebook. Los Angeles, Calif: Pacific Section, SEPM, Society for Sedimentary Geology, 2003.

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Serra, Dennis. Diamond Formation Playbook: Coaching a Youth Football Team. Independently Published, 2020.

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Papadakis, Vasilis. 4-4-2 Diamond Formation: Tactical Solutions and Training Drills. Independently Published, 2020.

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The Diamond Formation: How to Thrive & Survive in Tough Times. Trilogy Christian Publishing, Inc., 2018.

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Snyder, Saskia Coenen. A Brilliant Commodity. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197610473.001.0001.

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Abstract During the late nineteenth century, thousands of diggers, prospectors, merchants, and dealers extracted and shipped over 50 million carats of rough diamonds from South Africa to Europe. The primary supplier to the world, South Africa’s diamond fields became one of the formative sites of modern capitalist production. At each stage of the diamond’s route through the British empire and beyond—from Cape Town to London, from Amsterdam to New York City—carbon gems were primarily traded, appraised, manufactured, and sold by Jews. A Brilliant Commodity traces how once-peripheral Jewish populations became the central architects of a new, global exchange of diamonds that connected African sites of supply, European manufacturing centers, American retailers, and Western consumers. Centuries of restrictions had limited Jews to trade and finance, businesses that relied heavily on internal networks. Jews were well positioned to become key players in the earliest stage of the diamond trade and its growth into a global industry, a development fueled by technological advancements, a dramatic rise in the demand of luxury goods, and an abundance of rough stones. Mercantile and familial ties across continents aided Jews in creating a highly successful commodity chain that included buyers, brokers, cutters, factory owners, financiers, and retailers. Working within a diasporic ethnic community that bridged city and countryside, metropole and colony, Jews helped build a flourishing diamond industry, notably Hatton Garden in London and the Diamond District of New York City, and a place for themselves in the modern world.
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Papadakis, Vasilis. 1-4-4-2 Diamont Handbook: A guide to train and coach the 1-4-4-2 Diamont formation. Independently published, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Diamond formation"

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Baglio, Joseph A., Barry C. Farnsworth, Sandra Hankin, Changmo Sung, Jesse Hefter, and Marvin Tabasky. "Studies on the Formation of Diamond Nucleation Sites on <100> Silicon Substrates." In Diamond and Diamond-like Films and Coatings, 635–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5967-8_41.

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Garanin, Victor, Konstantin Garanin, Galina Kriulina, and George Samosorov. "Constitutional Characteristics and Patterns of Diamond Formation in the ADR." In Diamonds from the Arkhangelsk Province, NW Russia, 165–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35717-7_5.

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Minoo, H. "Feasibility of Diamond Formation in the ARC Cathode Region Plasma." In Plasma Jets in the Development of New Materials Technology, 685–90. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429070938-65.

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Rudenko, A. P., and I. I. Kulakova. "To the Question of the Diamond Nuclei’s Formation from the Gas Phase." In Wide Band Gap Electronic Materials, 63–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0173-8_6.

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Kong, Ming Chu, Wing Bun Lee, Chi Fai Cheung, and S. To. "An Experimental Study of the Formation of Tool Marks Made by Facet Diamond Cutting Tools in Single-Point Diamond Turning." In Optics Design and Precision Manufacturing Technologies, 544–49. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-458-8.544.

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Burkel, E., and F. Zhang. "Diamond Formation in Graphene Nanoplatelets, Carbon Nanotubes and Fullerenes Under Spark Plasma Sintering." In Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, 1–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6178-0_100919-1.

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Burkel, Eberhard, and F. Zhang. "Diamond Formation in Graphene Nanoplatelets, Carbon Nanotubes, and Fullerenes Under Spark Plasma Sintering." In Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, 715–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9780-1_100919.

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To, Sandy Suet, Victor Hao Wang, and Wing Bun Lee. "Dynamic Modelling of Shear Band Formation and Tool-Tip Vibration in Ultra-Precision Diamond Turning." In Materials Characterisation and Mechanism of Micro-Cutting in Ultra-Precision Diamond Turning, 253–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54823-3_10.

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Yang, S. L., Q. Yang, W. W. Yi, Y. Tang, T. Regier, R. Blyth, and Z. M. Sun. "Formation of Nanocrystalline Diamond Thin Films on Ti3SiC2 by Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition." In Advanced Ceramic Coatings and Interfaces III, 99–104. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470456323.ch8.

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Kovách, Gergely, Hajnalka Csorbai, G. Dobos, Albert Karacs, and Gábor Pető. "Formation and Characterization of Electric Contacts on CVD Diamond Films Prepared by Ion Implantation." In Materials Science, Testing and Informatics II, 123–28. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-957-1.123.

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Conference papers on the topic "Diamond formation"

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Meyer, Nicole Anne, Thomas Stachel, D. Graham Pearson, Richard A. Stern, and Jeffrey W. Harris. "Diamond Formation from the Lithosphere to the Lower Mantle Revealed by Koffiefontein Diamonds." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1790.

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Batalov, S. V., A. N. Averin, I. A. Batalova, B. G. Loboiko, B. V. Litvinov, and V. P. Filin. "On the mechanism of diamond formation from explosives." In Proceedings of the conference of the American Physical Society topical group on shock compression of condensed matter. AIP, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.50830.

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Suo, X. K., C. J. Li, G. J. Yang, and C. X. Li. "Formation of Diamond-NiCrAl Cermet Coating through Cold Spray." In ITSC2009, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and G. Montavon. ASM International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2009p0249.

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Abstract In this work, diamond-NiCrAl composite powder was prepared by mechanical alloying and cold sprayed to form an ultra-hard cermet coating. The effect of diamond content on the characteristics of the milled powder and the as-sprayed coating was investigated. The results show that the microstructure, particle size distribution, and grain size of the powder was significantly influenced by the ball milling process and that the microstructure of the spray particles was completely retained in the coating.
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Isshiki, H., Y. Souma, T. Shigeeda, S. Takigawa, and K. Matsushima. "Si-V luminescent center formation in nanocrystal diamond by atomic Si induced diamond nucleation." In 2013 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2013.k-6-5.

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Bayat, Khadijeh, Won Kyu Calvin Sun, William Gilpin, Mhadi Farrokh Baroughi, and Marko Loncar. "Formation of Nitrogen vacancy center ensembles in Diamond Nanowires." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2014.jtu4a.104.

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Luth, Robert. "DIAMOND FORMATION DURING PARTIAL MELTING IN THE EARTH’S MANTLE." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-304138.

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Zhan, Guodong David, Bodong Li, Timothy Eric Moellendick, Duanwei He, and Jianhui Xu. "New Catalyst-Free Polycrystalline Diamond with Industry-Record Wear Resistance." In SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204855-ms.

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Abstract PDC drill bits are the primary drilling tools for oil and gas in most of formations. In a PDC drill bit, PDC cutters are key cutting components to engage with these formations. However, there is often a big challenge for today's PDC drill bits when drilling very hard and abrasive formation. The main weakness in the PDC cutter is due to the unavoidable use of metallic catalyst which is used to bond the diamond grains in the PDC cutters. The thermal expansion of the metallic catalysts resulting from high frictional heat at the cutter/rock interface during drilling operation is higher than that of diamond grains, causing the thermal stress between the metallic catalyst and diamond grain which can break the PDC cutter. Therefore, development of catalyst-free PDC cutters would be a game-changing technology for drill bit by delivering significant increase in performance, durability, and drilling economics. In this study, an innovative ultra-high pressure and ultra-high temperature technology was developed with ultra-high pressures up to 35 GPa, much higher than current PDC cutter technology. We report a new type of catalyst-free PDC cutting material, synthesized under one of conditions using ultra-high pressure of 16 GPa. The new material breaks all single-crystal-diamond indenters in Vickers hardness testing which sets a new world record as the hardest diamond material as of today. Also, the material shows the highest thermal stability in the family of diamonds in air at 1,200°C, which is about 600 °C higher than current PDC cutters. As a consequence of these superior properties, this new material exhibited industry-recorded wear resistance, which is four times of that of current PDC cutters. All of these achievements demonstrated a breakthrough in PDC cutter technology development and presented a feasibility for the goal of "One-Run-To-TD" game-changing drilling technology.
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Moe, Kyaw Soe, and Paul Johnson. "CUBO-OCTAHEDRAL GROWTH STRUCTURE IN A TYPE IB DOMINANT MIXED TYPE DIAMOND: A RARE DIAMOND FORMATION." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-322707.

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Fukunaga, O., M. IIzuka, and T. Sugano. "Formation pressure temperature region of diamond using alloy solvent catalysts." In High-pressure science and technology—1993. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.46091.

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Novikov, V. V., O. O. Novikova, and A. N. Bolotov. "Formation of diamond-containing ceramic abrasive material by microarc oxidation." In PROCEEDINGS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “PROBLEMS OF APPLIED MECHANICS”. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0047434.

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Reports on the topic "Diamond formation"

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Swanson, Max L. Materials Processing of Diamond: Etching, Doping by Ion Implantation and Contact Formation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada248447.

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Coltrin, M. E., and D. S. Dandy. Simplified models of growth, defect formation, and thermal conductivity in diamond chemical vapor deposition. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/233352.

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Byrd, Edward F. Theoretical Prediction of the Heats of Formation, Densities, and Relative Sensitivities for 2-(azidomethyl)-2-nitropropane-1,3-diyl dinitrate (AMDNNM), bis- aminofurazan diamino-octanitro-azobenzene (BAFDAONAB), and bis-nitrofurazan diamino-octanitro-azobenzene (BNFDAONAB). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1007813.

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