Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Diagramme de rayonnement d’antennes'
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Chauloux, Antoine. "Contribution à l’étude d’antennes de puissance à efficacité optimisée : application aux réseaux large bande et reconfigurables en diagrammes de rayonnement." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S179.
Full textIt is true that during the last past years, High Power Microwave (HPM) weapons threat has grown up. One way to prevent from this kind of system is to study every part of it. Among them, the antenna is the element that influences the most the electromagnetic waves behavior then it has to be evaluated. This is the reason why the Centre de Gramat du Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives has teamed up with the Direction Générale de l’Armement in order to propose this thesis in collaboration with the Institut d’Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes. The subject provides the full study of three antennas that can be integrated on an HPM weapon. Each type of antenna is developed to address a problem: The first antenna operates at a fixed frequency and is designed to provide a maximized gain; The second one is manufactured to have a variable radiation pattern in one plane and a stable radiation pattern in the other plane; Finally, a broadband antenna operating between 2 and 4 GHz is developed in order to maintain a stable radiation pattern. Each study is led by taking into consideration high input power (around 1 kW pulsed power) and also dimensional constraints in order to be integrated on a mobile device for instance. Each antenna is designed using electromagnetic software then validated by measurements
Fezai, Faycel. "Synthèse d’architectures d’antennes à éléments parasites pour la formation de faisceaux : Application au projet Remote Wake Up (RWU)." Limoges, 2013. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/b3ec72a4-c702-4c10-b6a5-3e0e05e8d54d/blobholder:0/2013LIMO4044.pdf.
Full textThis thesis revisits parasitic elements antennas and offers innovative and effective synthesis design strategies. The main objective of this work is to reveal the full potential of these antennas in order to promote their dissemination. Parasitic elements antennas are presented as cost-effective solutions to achieve beamforming. A dedicated synthesis technique has been developed to obtain performances close to those of antenna arrays, without the disadvantages of a feed distribution network. The latter is complex, expensive and sensitive to manufacturing dispersions, making arrays difficult to design as cost-effective antennas. In this manuscript, generic architectures of parasitic elements antennas are developed. Particular points of versatility, reliability and ease of manufacture have been addressed in order to comply with the requirements of industrial processes. A demonstrator of a reconfigurable parasitic elements antenna has been designed, fabricated and characterized. The successful demonstration allows considering reconfigurable low cost antennas. The skills developed in this thesis have been applied in the context of energy saving in the framework of the Remote Wake Up project (RWU), dedicated to the minimization of standby mode electrical consumption. High efficiency integrated antennas were developed for wireless energy transfer
Chalumyan, Taguhi. "Contribution à la calibration des antennes actives pour applications radar." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0032.
Full textThe main goal of this thesis is to develop a new active antennas calibration method for radar application. The calibration method takes into account the edge effects and the coupling between the antenna radiating elements. Moreover, this method allows avoiding the degradations of the antenna radiation pattern caused by mismatch produced during a scanning and/or a weighting process. HFSS software is used to provide near-field electromagnetic numerical simulations. Matlab is used for far-field calculation from the near-field data; and also for the calculation of the illumination on the antenna surface by back-propagation of far-field datas. The calibration process is performed by an optimization process by means of ADS software. An equivalent schematic is built in it, in order to obtain desired radiation pattern which corresponds to the illumination on the antenna surface. The presented approach allows full simulation of RF circuits and radiation of the antenna array together and to get the calibration coefficients automatically. The model can be applied to the real antennas in order to get the desired pattern. The antenna equivalent model can be improved by adding RF schematic in it
Campo, Clément. "Conception d'un système de contrôle d’antennes basé sur la radio logicielle pour réception et émission améliorées de données." Thesis, Poitiers, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020POIT2270.
Full textAs a wireless way to exchange information, electromagnetic waves are more omnipresent in our environment than ever. The ever increasing number of connected devices calls for a better use of the available spectrum. In the particular case of telecommunications with a projectile, which is the case of study in this thesis, communications must also be discreet and reliable, even in a hostile environment. In the general framework of telecommunications as well as in this particular field of application, antenna arrays and the dynamic spatial filtering they allow offer multiple advantages for present and future challenges. Antenna array steering requires phase coherent and phase aligned functioning from the control electronics. In a previous PhD thesis, an analog system allowed beam steering of the array embedded in a projectile towards a base station at all times during projectile flight. However, this system was only able to switch between 16 different configurations for the embedded array radiation pattern and was functional only around a 5.2 GHz working frequency. On the other hand, Software Defined Radio (SDR) uses wide-band programmable components thanks to which received or generated signals can be processed in digital baseband. Therefore, using SDR would allow for a more precise control of the radiation pattern over large frequency bandwidths. Despite these promises, this technology remains rarely used for phase coherent applications. This work hence studies possibilities provided by commercial SDR for phase coherent applications. Telecommunications with a projectile, which also require phase alignment, constitute the considered application. Linear and planar antenna arrays are studied. An antenna weighting system of 4 channels for both data reception and transmission is assembled using commercial SDR. Distinct solutions are developed for data reception or transmission in order to automate phase shift compensation between channels. Several antenna weighting and Direction of Arrival (DOA) algorithms are implemented in C++. As the available equipment does not allow the automated measurement of the radiation pattern of antenna arrays when steered by SDR, a dedicated experimental setup is proposed. The developed system performance is then quantified in an anechoic environment for arrays of different geometries, and working frequencies from 2.3 to 5.2 GHz. Depending on the measured array, the main lobe or null can be steered within 60 to more than 100° along 1 or 2 dimensions. The implemented algorithms are also used to develop a projectile tracking station based on DOA estimation of the transmitter embedded in the projectile. The resulting station is tested with several projectiles flying at a speed close to Mach 1. The projectiles are electronically followed by the system as expected from simulations. The signal to noise ratio of the station combined signals is superior to that of a single element signal by more than 5 dB, and transmitted flight data is correctly decoded
Soltane, Ayoub. "Contributions expérimentales originales en chambres réverbérantes à brassage de modes et en cavités surdimensionnées." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0092/document.
Full textThe reverberation chamber (RC) is an oversized closed metal cavity, equipped with a mode-stirrer. The mode stirring makes the electromagnetic field homogeneous and isotropic inside the RC (in its useful volume). This thesis illustrates firstly a new method for evaluating the performance of a mode-stirrer (via the Doppler spectrum). Then, it presents a new method for measuring the radar cross section (RCS) of a canonical object using the time-gating technique. Finally, it presents a new method for measuring the antenna radiation pattern in an oversized cavity via the time-gating technique
Rammal, Youssef. "Radiation pattern and radar cross section measurements in an optimally stirred VIRC." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LIMO0105.
Full textThis PhD thesis first evaluates the quality of the stirring process of a Vibrating Intrinsic Reverberation Chamber (VIRC) made of metallized textile. To achieve this ambitious goal, we propose a novel and efficient method based on the K-factor metric. This approach enables us to optimize the stirring process of our suspended VIRC prototype, which operates as a "quasi-chaotic" reverberation chamber. Secondly, the enhanced stirring process of our VIRC facilitates the measurement of antenna radiation patterns through a straight forward averaging technique. It also allows for the radar cross-section assessment of canonical metallic targets using post-processing technique including averaging, vector background subtraction and time gating. The promising results obtained for both applications demonstrate the feasibility of conducting "anechoic-like" measurements within this multipath environment. Consequently, the optimized prototype VIRC works as a "2-in-1" electromagnetic chamber able to reproduce both free space and diffuse regimes
BOUKEBBOUS, EL HACENE. "Calcul du diagramme de rayonnement d'un systeme antenne-radome." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN10062.
Full textFLEURIAULT, JEAN-MICHEL. "Synthese du diagramme de rayonnement d'un reseau de sources." Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN10067.
Full textPonce, Heredia Rodrigo. "Contribution à la modélisation du rayonnement d’antennes conformées pour des applications C. E. M. En aéronautique." Limoges, 2008. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/a79c1aba-c402-4009-95b1-3e45e17864ac/blobholder:0/2008LIMO4052.pdf.
Full textThe present thesis work comprises the development of a method for array analysis and synthesis. The basic concept of the conceived method is to analyse the radiating elements of an array by performing a decomposition of the active radiating region in smaller discrete regions that can be modelled by equivalent sources. These sources are described by electrical currents that are acquired by means of numerical techniques (F. D. T. D. Or F. I. T. ), or by means of the cavity model. Furthermore, the method calculates the electromagnetic far field (radiation pattern, directivity) of an antenna array by applying analytical radiation formulae for the entire array. Moreover, the method allows analysing planar and conformal arrays as well as large arrays. In addition to that, the conceived method allows array synthesis by means of an optimization approach based on a genetic algorithm
Chantraine-Barès, Barbara. "Synthèse et optimisation d'antennes lentilles substrats à diagramme de rayonnement formé en ondes millimétriques." Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10056.
Full textClemente, Arenas Mark. "Application de la transformation d'espace à la conception d'antennes à diagramme de rayonnement contrôlé." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0074/document.
Full textTransformation Electromagnetics technique was introduced by J. B. Pendry and U. Leonahrdt in 2006 and it has become an emerging research field in physics and engineering in the last few years after the concept was validated experimentally with a invisibility cloak in microwave regime. This technique claims the possibility of an unprecedented technique to control electromagnetic waves interaction with engineered materials to achieve exotic electromagnetic behaviour. Despite some issues about narrow bandwidth or excessive dispersive losses related to the use of metamaterials for realization of TE devices, this technique caught the attention in many research fields (optics microwave, acoustics, etc). The final purpose of this these is to explore and propose applications of Transformation Electromagnetics in the antenna design field by using standard materials with the purpose of controlling the radiation pattern of an antenna. More precisely, three applications were explored : a fiat "parabolic reflector", an all-dielectric superstrate to control the half power beamwidth of a patch antenna and finally a superstrate that allows to control drastically the radiation pattern of a planar antenna This work was funded by France and UK defence agencies (DSTL and DGA respectively), within the framework of MIMiCRA project (Metamateriallnspired Microwave Conformai Radar Antennas)
Clemente, Arenas Mark. "Application de la transformation d'espace à la conception d'antennes à diagramme de rayonnement contrôlé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0074.
Full textTransformation Electromagnetics technique was introduced by J. B. Pendry and U. Leonahrdt in 2006 and it has become an emerging research field in physics and engineering in the last few years after the concept was validated experimentally with a invisibility cloak in microwave regime. This technique claims the possibility of an unprecedented technique to control electromagnetic waves interaction with engineered materials to achieve exotic electromagnetic behaviour. Despite some issues about narrow bandwidth or excessive dispersive losses related to the use of metamaterials for realization of TE devices, this technique caught the attention in many research fields (optics microwave, acoustics, etc). The final purpose of this these is to explore and propose applications of Transformation Electromagnetics in the antenna design field by using standard materials with the purpose of controlling the radiation pattern of an antenna. More precisely, three applications were explored : a fiat "parabolic reflector", an all-dielectric superstrate to control the half power beamwidth of a patch antenna and finally a superstrate that allows to control drastically the radiation pattern of a planar antenna This work was funded by France and UK defence agencies (DSTL and DGA respectively), within the framework of MIMiCRA project (Metamateriallnspired Microwave Conformai Radar Antennas)
Diakite, Cheick. "Identification d’un modèle de mesure au sol du diagramme de rayonnement des antennes installées sur aéronefs." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4007.
Full textAircraft antennas radiation pattern must be measured before radiofrequency systems deployment. When an antenna is on the aircraft, radiating structure is not only antenna element but it’s the set antenna and aircraft. Radiation pattern have to be determined at great distance from the radiating structure. This distance is located in area called far field area depending on the frequency of operation and the maximal size of the aircraft. For example, to measure an antenna on an aircraft of 12 m of long at 88 MHz; the far field area is at 85m.To get this distance, flight measurement is performed. During flight test, radiation pattern is determined by a ground station which is at 80 km of the aircraft. This method is very expensive and takes much time and causes serious delays on aircraft delivery. For these reasons Airbus Helicopters explores new innovative solution, like as radiation pattern measurement on the ground. The last one disturbs the radiation pattern. The proposed method allows to perform measurement in compact volume and cancel out the ground influence. Proposed solution is based on cylindrical near field measurement, and cylindrical modes decomposition. Near field data are scanned on cylinder surface, then an algorithm developed on MATLAB environment do near field to far field transformation. Cylindrical modes decomposition and modal filtering rid of ground reflections. Proposed solution has been validated numerically through comparison with electromagnetic simulator software results. Antenna measurement range in the laboratory has served to validate experimentally the proposed solution on a prototype in scale size
PERROT, JULIE. "Simulation d'enregistrements large-bandes : influence des structures heterogenes a la source sismique dans le diagramme de rayonnement." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE4735.
Full textRachedi, Kammel. "Antennes compactes reconfigurables en diagramme de rayonnement pour la modulation spatiale MIMO et introduction aux communications numériques par rétrodiffuseurs." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS323.
Full textThe Spatial Modulation MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) SM-MIMO has emerged to meet both the growing need for high data rates and energy efficiency of connected devices for the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless networks (5G , Wi-Fi, etc ...). It is characterized by the use of a network of transmitters. Each element of the transmitter network encodes a particular symbol. But this solution is not conceivable for the implementation of small connected objects. In the first part of the thesis, we have developed several reconfigurable antennas. For our purposes, a reconfigurable antenna has different radiation patterns whose each of them codes for a particular binary data. The first prototypes manufactured are based on a meander line in coupling with parasitic resonators. To increase the antenna’s compactness, we have developed a split-ring antenna generating 8 different decorrelated radiation patterns at the frequency of 2.45GHz. To estimate the reliability of the radio transmission, we numerically compute and experimentally evaluate the probability of errors of transmission (BER) as a function of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Our antennas show promising results in the implementation of a digital communication in indoor environment. In the second part of the thesis, in order to transmit data to a receiver, we have exploited ambient electromagnetic waves as sources of opportunity. This new digital communication technique is based on a backscatter capable of switching between different states of impedence and thus modulating the ambient electric field. These networks are subject to deep fadings. In particular, it is shown that the interference pattern between a wave source, a backscatter and a receiver strongly depends on their location in space. We estimate the BER of backscatter communication and demonstrate that it depends on the power of contrast estimated by the receiver. At the end of the manuscript, possible search axes are given to improve the sensitivity of the receiver towards the backscatter and to increase the data rate of this digital communication
Tounou, Charles. "Contribution à l’étude de systèmes à diversité d’antennes sur terminaux compacts : mesures de performances en environnement réel." Limoges, 2008. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/0662821a-fd19-48bc-9e75-2c3ce2be923e/blobholder:0/2008LIMO4042.pdf.
Full textWireless communication performances are improved by using multiple antennas or multiple access systems: this is the antenna diversity principle. Diversity studies, its analysis and some measurement results are depicted in this PhD thesis. First, numerical tools that allow the calculation of diversity parameters are developed. These tools are highly efficient since they are independent of any assumption. Second, a preliminary study of the relationships between mutual coupling and diversity parameters is done. The results demonstrated that mutual coupling and correlation coefficients should be preferably low. This conclusion is used to design and optimize a compact terminal that consists of two printed monopole antennas working in the WiMax 3. 4-3. 6GHz band by a slot insertion for decoupling. Next, measurements took place in a modes stirred reverberation chamber (MSRC) using two different test-beds. The first one used a network analyzer which delivers a constant wave in the chamber. The second one is constituted by two independent digital communication modules (transmission and reception). This latest test-bed allows also measurements in indoor and indoor to outdoor environments. Finally, an analytical study proves that antenna diversity and radiation pattern synthesis are equivalent
COLLET, BONNEFONT SOPHIE. "Conception et evaluation de reseaux de diodes laser a diagramme de rayonnement monobole : filieres technologiques gaalas/gaas et gainasp/inp." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30048.
Full textCollet-Bonnefont, Sophie. "Conception et évaluation de réseaux de diodes laser à diagramme de rayonnement monobole filières technologiques GaAlAs/GaAs et GalnAsP/InP /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376129325.
Full textJoshi, Chetan. "Contrôle du diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne en technologie imprimée à l'aide d'un superstrat diélectrique inspiré de la transformation d'espace." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0079/document.
Full textTransformation Optics (TO) is a powerful electromagnetic design tool that enables the design of new devices such as the famous "invisibility cloak". This thesis is in direct continuation of that of M.D. Clemente Arenas (Application de la transformation d'espace à la conception d'antennes à diagramme de rayonnement contrôlé, 2014) and focuses on the use of the TO to drastically change radiation of a patch antenna. These sharp changes in radiation pattern are usually obtained using bulky superstrates made of metamaterials having exotic permeability and permittivity values. The objective of this thesis is to reduce the thickness of the superstrate and simplify the fabrication by enabling the use of standard dielectric materials. Thus, a patch antenna with realized gain of 7 dB is transformed, with the help of proposed superstrate, into an antenna having two lobes in the azimuth plane withrealized gain of 3.5 dB. The 0.12λ thick superstrate is designed using two standard dielectric materials only: Alumina (εr = 9.9) and FullCure (εr = 2.8), whereas the previous solution had variation in permittivity between 1 and 15 and in permeability between 0.3 and 3. Various degrees of freedom in the design allow adapting this solution to develop new superstrates for other applications: radiation pattern with HPBW greater than 180 ° in one plane, end-fire radiation pattern, etc. Target applications include those of aeronautics. Today, dozens of antennas on an aircraft are required to ensure the necessary communications links, identification, positioning and other purposes. The structure of the aircraft necessitates use multiple antennas to fulfill this mission, which are fixed and protrude on fuselage or wings. However, for an aircraft, these protuberances contribute to the aerodynamic drag, which results in higher fuel consumption. Therefore, the objective is to propose conformal antenna solutions with unconventional radiation pattern, which can be eventually integrated on fuselage or rudder. The concept is validated using a model made with a 3D printer and with the support of Airbus Group Innovations
Joshi, Chetan. "Contrôle du diagramme de rayonnement d'une antenne en technologie imprimée à l'aide d'un superstrat diélectrique inspiré de la transformation d'espace." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0079.
Full textTransformation Optics (TO) is a powerful electromagnetic design tool that enables the design of new devices such as the famous "invisibility cloak". This thesis is in direct continuation of that of M.D. Clemente Arenas (Application de la transformation d'espace à la conception d'antennes à diagramme de rayonnement contrôlé, 2014) and focuses on the use of the TO to drastically change radiation of a patch antenna. These sharp changes in radiation pattern are usually obtained using bulky superstrates made of metamaterials having exotic permeability and permittivity values. The objective of this thesis is to reduce the thickness of the superstrate and simplify the fabrication by enabling the use of standard dielectric materials. Thus, a patch antenna with realized gain of 7 dB is transformed, with the help of proposed superstrate, into an antenna having two lobes in the azimuth plane withrealized gain of 3.5 dB. The 0.12λ thick superstrate is designed using two standard dielectric materials only: Alumina (εr = 9.9) and FullCure (εr = 2.8), whereas the previous solution had variation in permittivity between 1 and 15 and in permeability between 0.3 and 3. Various degrees of freedom in the design allow adapting this solution to develop new superstrates for other applications: radiation pattern with HPBW greater than 180 ° in one plane, end-fire radiation pattern, etc. Target applications include those of aeronautics. Today, dozens of antennas on an aircraft are required to ensure the necessary communications links, identification, positioning and other purposes. The structure of the aircraft necessitates use multiple antennas to fulfill this mission, which are fixed and protrude on fuselage or wings. However, for an aircraft, these protuberances contribute to the aerodynamic drag, which results in higher fuel consumption. Therefore, the objective is to propose conformal antenna solutions with unconventional radiation pattern, which can be eventually integrated on fuselage or rudder. The concept is validated using a model made with a 3D printer and with the support of Airbus Group Innovations
Fine, Georges. "Méthode de correction de sonde en mesures de champs proches." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112172.
Full textFeng, Fu. "Coupling between optical Tamm states and fluorescent nanocrystals ; determination of the dipole nature of single colloidal nanoplatelets." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066564/document.
Full textTechnological progress in the recent 30 years for reducing the size of semi-conductor materials offers the possibility to fabricate devices in which the electrons and holes are confined in a very small volume in three dimensions. When the dimension of the material is small (a few nanometers), the charges experience quantum confinement effects. This kind of nanomaterial is called nanocrystal or quantum dot [1]. These structures have the remarkable property that the energy levels are discretized, in a sense making them artificial atoms. At the beginning of 1980s, Efros, Ekimov et al. started the growth of II/VI semi-conductor nanocrystals in a vitreous matrix [2]. A few years later, colloidal synthesis methods were developed and nanocrystals with increasingly good optical properties were obtained [3-5]. These emitters have drawn intense attention because of their versatile manipulation in solution and biochemical functionalization, high quantum effciency, and photostability, tunable emission wavelength and broad absorption spectrum. By fluorescence microscopy, it is possible to study the optical properties of individual nanocrystals ; non classical effects such as single photon emission (even for nanocrystals at room temperature) are evidenced. Studying individual nano-emitters offers new ways to test the concepts of electromagnetics in the visible domain. Other manipulations are possible by nano structuring the environment around an emitter ; for instance, the use of antennas, which is ubiquitous in the radio and microwave domains, can be extended to nano-photonics, provided that sufficiently precise nano-fabrication techniques are available. The group "Nanophotonics and quantum optics" at the Institut de NanoSciences de Paris (INSP) studies how to manipulate light by coupling fluorescent emitters (individually or collectively) with their optical environment. The emission properties of nanoemitters depend strongly on their optical environment. This is expressed, as for the decay time of a radiating dipole, by Fermi's golden rule: where the initial and final state of the nanoemitter transition are taken into consideration; the polarization of these states can infuence highly the emission properties (determined by the symmetries of the transition and its associated orientation). The local state density which is mainly determined by the optical environment around the emitter and depends on the emission angular frequency. The electric field at the emitter position is included in the Hamiltonian (for a dipolar electric transition). Previously, our team has studied the coupling between the nanocrystal and different nanophotonic structures such as photonic crystals, plasmonic structures, plasmonic patch antennas etc
Descharles, Cyril. "Contribution à la conception et à la réalisation de détecteurs intégrés à usage dans la bande millimétrique pour des applications de radio-astronomie." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066089.
Full textLarqué, Matthieu. "Towards the generation of entrangled sources from single quantum dots in photonic crystal cavities." Paris 6, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00431849.
Full textDubois, Luc. "Contribution à l'étude des applicateurs en structure plaquée utilisés en hyperthermie microonde : détermination du diagramme de rayonnement en champ proche par l'approche dans le domaine spectral et reconstruction des cartes thermiques." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10021.
Full textSbai, Khalid. "Application de l'approche de la réponse impulsionnelle à la modélisation du rayonnement de transducteurs acoustiques de structure arbitraire." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00687979.
Full textFu, Yan. "Etude d'un banc de caractérisation d'antennes intégrées miniatures aux fréquences millimétriques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00768559.
Full textFerrier, Lydie. "Micro-nano structures à base de cristaux photoniques pour le contrôle 3D de la lumière." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625602.
Full textBYBI, Abdelmajid. "Contribution à l'étude et à la correction de la diaphonie dans les réseaux de transducteurs piézoélectriques pour l'imagerie médicale." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00831138.
Full textGueye, Ayichatou. "Modélisation du couplage mutuel présent dans un réseau d'antennes : étude théorique et applications au radar MIMO et à un contexte RFID." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1154/document.
Full textModeling of the Mutual Coupling Present in an Antenna Array: TheoreticalStudy, Applications to MIMO Radar and RFID ContextMutual coupling is an electromagnetic phenomenon that can occur in antenna arrays. It is due to the electromagnetic interactions that occur between the elements of an antenna array and induce a modification of the intrinsic parameters of the antennas. Taking into account mutual coupling in antenna arrays, when designing them or in antenna processing algorithms, provides access to the real radiation characteristics of each array element which can, for example, improve target detection/localization performance using a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar. In an RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) context, modeling mutual coupling makes it possible to model the system formed by a set of tags and to decide on the behavior of the system in a given configuration. This thesis focuses on the modeling of the mutual coupling present in an antenna array. We first new method for the active element pattern synthesis based on solving optimization problems in the least squares sense to find the complex weights that model electromagnetic interactions between network elements. These complex weights can be used as excitation laws to be applied to an isolated antenna describing the positions of the array elements, in order to experimentally study the behavior of an array of antennas. This mutual coupling modeling is then applied in a MIMO radar context where we show that it is possible to synthesize the radiation pattern of the active element on an experimental MIMO radar platform composed of a single transmitting and a single receiving antenna that moves on rails in predefined positions. On reception, the matrix of received signals is obtained by applying the principle of superposition. We also sought to model mutual coupling by proposing a theoretical formulation of the mutual impedance between the elements of an array of fine dipoles randomly distributed in a plane in order to apply this mutual coupling modeling to an RFID context, where the tags, represented by the dipoles, are scattered in a plane and illuminated by a reader. We also proposed a theoretical formulation of the input impedance of the surrounding dipole and studied the effects of mutual coupling on the two parameters involved in the balance of an RFID link: the adaptation (bandwidth) and the radiation pattern of the surrounding dipole. We have shown that it is possible to synthesize the radiation pattern of the surrounded dipole and to find the modification of the adaptation of the surrounded dipole, which, in the long term, would allow to decide on the read rate and/or the reading distance of an RFID communication in a high density context
Martin, Denis. "Le dipole imprime alimente par couplage electromagnetique a une ligne microruban : synthese et realisation de reseaux a lobes de rayonnement formes." Rennes, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAR0004.
Full textLarqué, Matthieu. "Vers la génération de sources de paires de photons intriquées à partir de boites quantiques en cavité à cristal photonique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00431849.
Full textBybi, Abdelmajid. "Contribution à l'étude et à la correction de la diaphonie dans les réseaux de transducteurs piézoélectriques pour l'imagerie médicale." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VALE0038/document.
Full textWhether in medicine or in non-destructive testing, ultrasonic imaging systems have become increasingly used nowadays. Their applications continue to expand and good performances are needed to improve the quality of the diagnosis. Moreover, significant progress has been made since these systems were originally based on single element ultrasonic transducers and are now made of mono-dimensional (1D) and bi-dimensional (2D) elements arrays ever more numerous and smaller. However, an undesirable phenomenon is strongly present in the ultrasonic transducer arrays: it is the cross-talk, which limits their acoustic performances and modifies their radiation pattern. Throughout this research, we have attempted on one hand to understand this parasitic phenomenon and on the other hand to provide solutions in order to reduce it or even remove it. To highlight the cross-talk types (acoustic and mechanical) and to test the proposed correction methods, we developed two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) finite element modeling and fabricated some prototypes. Both correction methods rely on the application of suitable voltages to the array elements. The first method uses the average of the normal displacements at the surface of each element to evaluate the voltages, while the second one utilizes the motional currents through each element to determine them. The numerical and experimental results concerning the displacements and the radiation patterns are in good agreement. In addition to this, both methods have been efficiently performed to reduce the cross-talk
Liechti, Stella. "Lentille dielectrique pour l'optimisation du gain dans l'axe d'un radiotelescope millimetrique." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077015.
Full textDuplouy, Johan. "Wideband Reconfigurable Vector Antenna for 3-D Direction Finding Application." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/24404/1/Duplouy_Johan.pdf.
Full textBOS, SANDRA. "Etudes danes : methodologie et application a des echantillons absorbants." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10152.
Full textSron, Seng thail. "Algorithmes intelligents de pilotages d'antennes reconfigurables à partir de données en bande de base pour la norme LTE." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0138.
Full textThe development of modal antennas which are radiation pattern reconfigurable active antennas, but not arrays, started in order to implement beam forming in cellphones. This solution is generally made with an antenna array, which is very difficult, even impossible, in a mobile phone. Beam forming could improve the link budget and increase the data rate. The first aim of this thesis is the development of modal antennas for LTE standard. Three modal antennas concepts were presented. The first one is a reconfigurable “folded loop” active antenna by permutation of feed and ground points. The second one is a solution to gather the main and the diversity antenna in the bottom part of the phone, and to support MIMO and carrier aggregation, which are two features of LTE. The last one optimizes the use of the second antenna in LTE MIMO systems in order to perform beam forming. These modal antennas will provide their real potential only by being used by a driving algorithm which will choose the best mode or configuration according to the situation. So, the second aim of this thesis is the development of smart modal antenna driving algorithms. The first algorithm, developed and patented by Ethertronics, has the specificity to predict, at each moment, which mode will be the best for the next moment, by using baseband data for LTE. The second algorithm is deterministic and can estimate and track the direction of arrival of the signal. Then, it selects the mode which has the best gain in this direction in order to improve the link budget
Ben, Trad Imen. "Antennes agiles pour les télécommunications multistandards." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAR0023/document.
Full textWith the emergence of new standards, new telecommunication systems must be able to cohabit different standards on the same antenna, to reduce interference with other users, improve the flow of communications, avoid the detrimental fading loss, ensure greater efficiency in the signal reception ... In order to adapt with such evolving and changing environment with minimal congestion and complexity, antennas with agile frequency, radiation patterns and polarization properties have been deployed. The development of active components such as PIN diodes, varactors diodes and MEMS switches used to produce agility, facilitated the rapid development of these antennas.Works carried out during this thesis fit into this context. We are interested in the study and design of new topologies of agile antennas.We tried at first to define the concept of agile antenna and identify the different techniques of agility before proposing a classification of agile antennas based on the proposed feature, namely agility in frequency, radiation patterns and polarization.Works presented in this thesis are mainly focused on the study of each of these features. Indeed, several topologies have been studied and experimentally characterized:- A square multiband antenna with fractal slot able to switch between fifteen frequency bands from 0.5 to 6 GHz.- An elliptical UWB antenna with reconfigurable rejection bands operating from 0.76 to 6 GHz.- A dipole antenna consists of two identical circular loops able to tilt its radiation pattern in three different directions at 1.54 GHz.- A dipole with reflectors and directors, working in three modes, able to steer its radiation pattern in a different direction while changing the opening angle of the radiated beam.- Rectangular bi-loop single-feed antenna able to toggle either between Linear Polarization (LP) and Circular Polarization (CP) or between two CP (Right Hand (RHCP) and Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP).The choice of used agility technique is dictated by needs of the targeted application
Adolphe, Fabienne. "Programme pour l'analyse de la qualité et la stratégie des collecte des données de mono-cristaux avec détecteurs bi-dimensionnels." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0197.
Full textSron, Seng Thail. "Algorithmes intelligents de pilotages d'antennes reconfigurables à partir de données en bande de base pour la norme LTE." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0138.
Full textThe development of modal antennas which are radiation pattern reconfigurable active antennas, but not arrays, started in order to implement beam forming in cellphones. This solution is generally made with an antenna array, which is very difficult, even impossible, in a mobile phone. Beam forming could improve the link budget and increase the data rate. The first aim of this thesis is the development of modal antennas for LTE standard. Three modal antennas concepts were presented. The first one is a reconfigurable “folded loop” active antenna by permutation of feed and ground points. The second one is a solution to gather the main and the diversity antenna in the bottom part of the phone, and to support MIMO and carrier aggregation, which are two features of LTE. The last one optimizes the use of the second antenna in LTE MIMO systems in order to perform beam forming. These modal antennas will provide their real potential only by being used by a driving algorithm which will choose the best mode or configuration according to the situation. So, the second aim of this thesis is the development of smart modal antenna driving algorithms. The first algorithm, developed and patented by Ethertronics, has the specificity to predict, at each moment, which mode will be the best for the next moment, by using baseband data for LTE. The second algorithm is deterministic and can estimate and track the direction of arrival of the signal. Then, it selects the mode which has the best gain in this direction in order to improve the link budget
Zhang, Yuwen. "Excitation des ondes élastiques au sein d'un demi-espace anisotrope à l'aide des transducteurs interdigites : Application au quartz et au niobate de lithium." Besançon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BESA2034.
Full textVacinova, Jitka. "Etudes structurales des oxydes de platine par les méthodes de diffusion anomale et de D. A. F. S." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10185.
Full textESQUENET, Catherine. "Propriétés structurales et dynamiques des solutions de polyélectrolytes rigides et semi-rigides et de polysaccharides associatifs." Phd thesis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005468.
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