Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Diagnostique/Thérapeutique'
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Basch, Anne Sophie. "L'artère poplitée piégée : orientation diagnostique et thérapeutique." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON11153.
Full textMartin, Olivier. "Intérêt diagnostique et thérapeutique de l' endoscopie naso-sinusienne." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF11003.
Full textPuéchal, Xavier. "Contributions à l'évaluation diagnostique, pronostique et thérapeutique des vascularites systéliques." Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN1B085.
Full textDano, Dominique. "Contribution à la diététique diagnostique et thérapeutique de l’allergie alimentaire." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0111/document.
Full textFood allergy is a major public health problem. Its prevalence is estimated at 5% in adults and 8% in children in industrialized countries. The objective of this thesis is to bring a contribution to the diagnostic and therapeutic dietetics in food allergy. Our work focused on yellow pea and sesame food allergies. Yellow pea is an emerging allergen with risk of a severe reaction. Its reactogenic threshold is of 0.13 g of protein while the content of food can reach 20 g / 100g. The study of 35 people allergic to sesame has enabled the identification of the reactogenic threshold that can trigger a reaction in 5% of the allergic population. It is estimated between 1.2 and 4.0 mg of sesame protein. We validated optimal progression dosing scheme for sesame for oral challenge test taking in account the European consensus Europrevall. Lack of international harmonization on mandatory allergens, led us in a second part of this thesis, to study the impact of food allergy on the decision, trip organization and a stay abroad of an allergic person. This study, conducted in collaboration with the regional health observatory and Social Affairs of Lorraine and the French and Belgian associations for allergy prevention shows, on a panel of 102 respondents, that food allergy forced 14% of respondents do not travel abroad and that 30% of people who have traveled had an allergic reaction. The accidents occurred mainly in restaurants. These results highlight the need to develop an information system and training of allergies and food professionals to implement risk prevention strategies
Pingault, Xavier. "A propos de trois intoxications au flécaïnide : Discussion diagnostique et thérapeutique." Saint-Etienne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STET6002.
Full textMaldiney, Jacques. "Placenta praevia : aspects épidémiologique, diagnostique, pronostique et thérapeutique de 40 observations." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11026.
Full textDuval, Arnaud. "Innovation diagnostique et thérapeutique en dermatologie : microparticules endothéliales et plasmas froids." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077234.
Full textEndothelial microparticles (EMps) : EMps are small membrane vesicles whose size range from 0. 1 to 1. 5 um. They are released by the endothelium and reflect the status of the endothelial cell they corne from. We set up a new EMps detection technique, based on flow cytometry, in which we use a monochrome composite marker, CD105-CD146. We show that, among lupus patients whose disease is believe to be under control, there is an increase of the EMps concentrations, especially CD54+ EMps. Thus we demonstrate that among those patients there is an endothelial activity that partly explain their precocious atheromatosis. In systemic sclerosis, we show that Fas-Ligand positive EMps are more numerous. However we were not able to induce Jurkat apoptosis with those EMps alter they have been sorted on flow cytometry. Cold plasma : A plasma is a ionised gas. We have use a nanosecond pulsed generated plasma to determine what were its effects on cell cultures and nude mouse skin. We show that this type of plasma does not generate undesirable physical effect suche as temperature increase, pH variations, electric field, UV emission. We show that, depending on the administered dose, this plasma can induce the apoptosis or the necrosis of cells in culture and of tissues. The depth of the affected area depends on the dose. The cellular effect are mainly the consequence of the intracellular production of free radicals
Salaün, Pierre-Yves. "Radioimmunociblage du cancer médullaire de la thyroïdeAspects diagnostique, pronostique et thérapeutique." Brest, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BRES3208.
Full textFavarel-Garrigues, Jean-François. "Stratégie diagnostique et thérapeutique dans les traumatismes spléniques : étude rétrospective des paramètres décisionnels." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR23029.
Full textLalut, Julien. "Développement de ligands pluriactifs d'intérêt thérapeutique et/ou diagnostique dans la maladie d'Alzheimer." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN4011.
Full textBecause of an intensification of the phenomena of senile dementia in the world, partly due to the increase of the life expectancy of the population, one of the greatest challenges facing medicinal chemists in the 21st century is the discovery of potential treatments and diagnostic markers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The most common neurodegenerative disease generates a progressive and irreversible decline in cognitive function (learning, memory. . . ) by neuronal dysfunction, mainly characterized by the formation of toxic -amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. The concept of Multi-Target-Directed Ligands (MTDLs), a promising and modern drug discovery method, is developed since the past decade for treatment of disorders with complex pathological mechanisms. Our laboratory has recently described the discovery of a promising drug candidate for AD treatment: donecopride, a dual serotonin subtype 4 receptor agonist/ acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The thesis focused on the pharmacomodulation of donecopride for the development of MTDLs with therapeutic effects and the development of potential 5-HT4 receptors Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) radiotracers. No less than 60 ligands belonging to different chemical families (indole, benzisoxazole. . . ) were synthesized and among them, several allow to validate the proof-of-concept of a dual activity of our compounds for the both pharmacological targets
Vachaud, Cécile. "Les modifications mécanocardiographiques induites par la vitamine B1 : valeur, signification diagnostique, orientation thérapeutique." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11220.
Full textBaron, Marie-Pierre. "Apport diagnostique et impact thérapeutique de la tomodensitométrie dans les abdomens aigus chirurgicaux." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11060.
Full textLavisse, Sonia. "Mise au point d'un produit de contraste échographique à visée diagnostique et thérapeutique." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA11T082.
Full textSoury, Delphine. "Conception et caractérisation d’un dispositif original pour l’administration cutanée : applications diagnostique et thérapeutique." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA114805.
Full textDBV Technologies has developed an original device for cutaneous administration of molecules: the Epatch® system. The active substance is adsorbed on to the device as a powder by electrostatic forces. The occlusion provided by the device allows water condensation under the patch and the subsequent dissolution. An E-patch® composed of particles of cow’s milk powder has been developed to diagnose cow’s milk proteins allergy. The concentration of proteins in the vicinity of cutaneous immune cells and the absence of systemic delivery of intact proteins indicate the efficacy and safety of the test. The origin of the inflammatory reaction observed under a positive patchtest has been studied with mice sensitized to cow’s milk and implicates both immediate and delayed allergic mechanisms. The therapeutic potential of the E-patch® has been evaluated with fentanyl. A systemic passage of this molecule provoked has been demonstrated
Rosé, Philippe. "Pneumothorax cataménial : 2 cas et revue de la littérature : contribution pathogénique, diagnostique et thérapeutique." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU31501.
Full textPoyet, Anne-Marie. "Les adénomes hypophysaires : étude diagnostique et thérapeutique au cours de ces 20 dernières années." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF13013.
Full textLequerré, Thierry. "Intérêts diagnostique et thérapeutique de l’étude des transciptomes des patients atteints de polyarthrite rhumatoïde." Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUES055.
Full textVannetzel, Daniel. "Les rhombencéphalites aiguës et subaiguës : approche diagnostique et thérapeutique : à propos de quinze observations." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25057.
Full textSarlon-Bartoli, Gabrielle. "Outils diagnostique et thérapeutique innovants de la dysfonction vasculaire au cours des maladies artérielles périphériques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5510/document.
Full textAtherosclerotic peripheral arterial diseases are frequent and severe. They undertake the functional and vital prognosis of patients: lesions of supra-aortic trunks are at risk of stroke and lesions of lower limb arteries are at risk of amputation and cardiovascular death. The development of innovative strategies that optimize early diagnosis and therapeutic management of these diseases is thus a considerable challenge.In this work, we show a correlation between inflammatory biomarkers, leukocyte microparticles and lipoprotein phospholipase A2, and carotid plaque instability defined histologically, in a population of patients with tight carotid stenosis with or without neurological symptoms. Leukocyte microparticles are elevated significantly and independently including asymptomatic patients with tight unstable carotid stenosis. Thus, the circulating levels of leukocyte microparticles could be a tool in the future to select the best candidates for carotid surgery among patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis tight.Second, we show that ex vivo administration of erythropoietin improves the proangiogenic capacity of late circulating endothelial progenitor in vitro and in vivo in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. These effects appear mediated by CD131 subunit of the receptor for erythropoietin. If these results are confirmed in humans, erythropoietin could be used to improve the revascularization capacity of late circulating endothelial progenitor before reinjection as autologous cell therapy product in patients with critical ischemia of the lower limbs
Sanchez, Claire. "Le récepteur CCK2 dans les cancers : ciblage diagnostique et thérapeutique grâce à la vectorisation de nanoparticules magnétiques." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1999/.
Full textThe CCK2 receptor belongs to the family of seven transmembrane domain G protein coupled receptors. From a physiological point of view, the CCK2 receptor exerts a central role in digestion regulation, and also acts on the central nervous system. From a pathological point of view, it was reported to be involved in digestive cancer development and overexpressed in neuroendocrine tumors. CCK2R is a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target of these cancers. Firstly, we searched for receptor variants in tumors overexpressing CCK2R. We discovered a new splice variant of the CCK2R deleted of exon 2 and coding for a putative five-transmembrane domain receptor. Ectopic expression cells revealed that this variant lacks biological activity due to its sequestration in the endoplasmic reticulum. When co-expressed with the intact CCK2R, this variant diminished membrane density of the CCK2R and CCK2R-mediated activity, acting as a dominant negative on membrane density of the wild-type receptor. Secondly, we developed CCK2R positive neuroendocrine tumor targeting with magnetic nanoparticles. We grafted a synthetic replicate of the CCK2R ligand, gastrin, on the nanoparticles. Targeted nanoparticles uptake is receptor dependant, and requires involvement of beta-arrestine 2, clathrine and dynamine. We demonstrated that the nanoparticle did not modify ligand internalization in cells, but changes the kinetic of CCK2R intracellular trafic. Tumor accumulation of the targeted nanoparticles was assessed in vivo in mouse bearing tumor xenografts overexpressing CCK2R. Finally, we collaborated on a project demonstrating that another G protein coupled receptor, the GIP receptor (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) was overexpressed in neuroendocrine tumors with a high density and incidence. Interestingly this receptor was detected in most somatostatin receptor-negative tumors. These results underlined a likely role of GIPR in tumoral carcinogenesis, and potential target for clinical applications in particular for in vivo scintigraphy and targeted radiotherapy
Basiouny, tarek. "Apport du signal électrocardiographique dans l'approche électrophysiologique, diagnostique ou thérapeutique du syndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White." Nancy 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN11309.
Full textTardy, Bernard. "Utilité des D-Dimères ELISA dans la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique des thromboses veineuses." Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET011T.
Full textMongue-Din, Héloïse. "Evaluation d'un nouvel outil diagnostique et d'une approche thérapeutique innovante dans l'atteinte cardiaque au cours des myopathies." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077256.
Full textThe aim of the present study was to investigate variations of HRV during the progression of heart failure in a myopathic hamster strain (CHF147). Moreover, the potential benefits of an antifibrotic treatment based on the infusion of AcSDKP, an endogenous peptide, were investigated CHF147 hamsters. Though HRV study revealed a maturation pattern in healthy hamsters, analysis highlighted that HRV is chronically impaired in cardiomyopathic animals. A delay in the maturation pattern is followed by a progressive decline in variability that leads toward severe HRV reduction in these hamsters. Furthermore, sympathovagal balance exploration revealed an increase in the sympathetic tone in the last 3 months of the cardiomyopathic hamsters' lifespan. HRV analysis allowed detecting impairments in the electrical activity of the heart before any hemodynamic impairment. Interstitial collagen content in the myocardium is normal in cardiomyopathic hamsters until the age of 6 months. However, a rapid doubling is observed in animals aged more than 6 months and signs a pathological myocardial fibrosis. We could highlight a correlation between impairments in HRV and fibrous tissue formation. Therefore, we evaluated the antifibrotic potential of AcSDKP. We observed no toxicity of this compound. Furthermore, AcSDKP prevents the development of interstitial fibrosis and improves HRV. Thus, quantitative HRV analysis based on surface ECG recording allows early identification of impairments in the electrical activity of the heart. Moreover, an antifibrotic treatment based on low doses (jf AcSDKP might be of therapeutic interest in cardiomyopathies in the myopathic context
Mansencal, Nicolas. "Tumeurs endocrines digestives et cardiopathie carcinoïde : valeur diagnostique de l'échocardiographie, suivi prospectif et prise en charge thérapeutique." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS0054.
Full textCarcinoid heart disease is a rare disease, which is mainly defined as a right-sided retracted valvular disease These valvular injuries occur only in case of digestive endocrine tumor (less than 2 per 100,000 persons per year) and carcinoid syndrome (less than 10% of carcinoid tumors). Serotonin plays a major role in the pathogenis of carcinoid heart disease. In this thesis, we performed a review of the literature of carcinoid heart disease in 2010, then we present the results of different prospective studies that we performed: echocardiographic follow-up of carcinoid heart disease, assessment of patent foramen ovale, validation of a new echocardiographic tool for the prognostic assessment of carcinoid heart disease and a new therapeutic approach in patients with carcinoid heart disease and patent foramen ovale
Gangi, Afshin. "Bilan diagnostique et pré-thérapeutique du cancer de l'oesophage : apport de l'imagerie : à propos de 27 cas." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M164.
Full textBondu, Frédéric. "Deux ans de cholangio-pancréatographie rétrograde endoscopique, diagnostique et thérapeutique : étude rétrospective à propos de 362 patients consécutifs." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON11131.
Full textNoyant, Fabienne. "Association d'une duplication uréthrale postérieure et d'une malformation ano-rectale chez le garçon : discussion embryologique, diagnostique et thérapeutique." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25187.
Full textSeignez, Antoine. "Les protéines de stress HSP90 et Gp96 dans la maladie du greffon contre l'hôte : implication physiopathologique, diagnostique et thérapeutique." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS047/document.
Full textAllogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is a treatment for certain disorders including hematologic malignancies. Graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) is a major, life-threatening complication. It is due to the recognition of recipient antigens by donor T cells, which activate and damage tissues. Intestinal barrier alteration plays a critical role in GvHD. Heat shock proteins (HSP)90 include five members, three cytosolic members named HSP90, and one member localized in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) called Gp96 and able to gain extracellular level in case of stress. We show in our thesis that 17AAG, a HSP90 inhibitor, reduces GvHD mortality in a mouse model. This effect is associated with an increase in ER stress pathway in intestinal epithelial cells as figured by transcription factor XBP-1 splicing, correlated to a decrease in intestinal tissue damage. These results suggest that 17AAG could be considered in GvHD prevention in human. Moreover, we show that Gp96 is secreted in serum of patients developing an acute GvHD with intestinal involvement. We propose to validate the relevance of Gp96 as an intestinal GvHD biomarker is a larger study. Finally, we find that Gp96 associate with complement component 3, a protein involved in innate and adaptive immunity, and inhibit some of its functions. Functional consequences of this association are discussed
Bouchard, Alexanne. "La protéine de stress du réticulum endoplasmique GRP94 dans le cancer du sein triple négatif, intérêt diagnostique et thérapeutique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/8b1b931d-83a7-49fd-9779-012ad3949e79.
Full textTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors, as well as HER2, on tumor cells. It is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and is associated with a higher risk of metastasis. It accounts for 15-20% of all breast cancers. Due to the lack of specific targets, hormone therapy and HER2-targeted drugs are ineffective. TNBC represents a subgroup of heterogeneous tumors that can be classified according to their molecular characteristics. A better understanding of molecular mechanisms, particularly those involved in modulating the immune response, is needed to optimize the management of this cancer. In this context, molecular imaging can represent an interesting tool: it enables the non-invasive identification and in vivo visualization of specific targets in the tumor or tumor microenvironment (TME), thanks to selective molecular probes that can be used for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes. In this thesis work, two specific TME targets were studied using such probes: M2-like macrophages and GARP protein, a TGF-β anchoring receptor. M2-like macrophages are recognized as having a major pro-tumoral role. The results obtained enabled us to demonstrate the presence of CD206+ M2-like macrophages in our CSTN model using in vivo multimodal imaging. In this study, we validated the efficacy of 99mTc-Tilmanocept in SPECT/CT as a probe for imaging M2-like macrophages in the TME of our TNBC model. We also demonstrated co-expression of these CD206+ M2-like macrophages with the GRP94 protein, an important chaperone involved in immune responses. Finally, inhibition of GRP94 with a specific inhibitor, PU-WS13, significantly decreased the number of M2-like macrophages as well as tumor growth in our TNBC model. Thus, SPECT imaging with 99mTc-Tilmanocept could represent an innovative method for imaging CD206+ M2-like macrophages as a potential biomarker for prognosis, therapeutic prediction and/or monitoring of solid tumors. The second target studied, the GARP protein, is expressed at the membrane of Tregs and tumor cells and plays a key role in the activation of TGF-β, a major immunosuppressive cytokine in cancer development. The development of a theranostic approach targeting GARP combining imaging (111In-DOTAGA-GARP) and targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) (177Lu-DOTAGA-GARP) has been achieved. We showed in our preclinical TNBC model that GARP expression was increased after external radiotherapy, a classic therapeutic strategy, and could be specifically detected and quantified in the TME using in vivo SPECT/CT imaging with the 111In-DOTAGA-GARP probe. Moreover, its use in its therapeutic form (177Lu-DOTAGA-GARP) limited tumor growth. This theranostic strategy could enable the personalization of cancer treatments by identifying and treating patients likely to respond to therapy targeting Tregs via TRT
Bertoletti, Laurent. "Prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique des patients suspects d'embolie pulmonaire : problématique particulière en cas de Broncho-Pneumopathie Chronique Obstructive." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00694010.
Full textFritsch, Alban de. "Données actuelles sur la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique de l'embolie graisseuse post traumatique à propos de deux cas." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M031.
Full textMiloche, Olivier-Paul. "Le traumatisé cranio-encéphalique grave à la phase initiale : élaboration d'un document informatique pour la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M047.
Full textLoury, Isabelle. "Les complications de l'endoscopie digestive diagnostique et thérapeutique : revue de la littérature et étude prospective sur six mois dans une unité d'endoscopie." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23084.
Full textScaramozzino, Natale. "Flavivirus : étude d'une cible diagnostique, la région NS codant pour la polymérase et d'une cible thérapeutique, la protéase NS3 du virus Langat." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE19004.
Full textFlaviviruses are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality and may cause severe encephalitis, hemorrhagic fever, hepatitis, and febrile symptoms in vertebrates, including humans (. . . ). Different p-nitroanilide substrates, defined on canonic sequences for their susceptibility to Ser-protease, were applied to the proteolytic assays of the protein. The highest values were obtained from substrates containing an Arg or Lys (amino acid) residue at the P1 position. This purification method will facilitate the future development of reliable testing procedures for anti-proteases directed to NS3 proteins
Rivoire, Michel. "Stratégies diagnostique et thérapeutique des métastases hépatiques des cancers colorectaux par les anticorps monoclonaux radiomarqués : développement d'un modèle expérimental chez la souris Nude." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO1T214.
Full textMesguich, Charles. "Apport de l’imagerie fonctionnelle par TEP dans la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique du myélome multiple et comparaison à l’IRM de diffusion." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0229.
Full textTherapeutic changes over the past decade have contributed to an improvement in the survival of Multiple Myeloma (MM). Newer whole-body imaging techniques, such as 18-FDG PET-CT (PET-FDG) and MRI, have replaced radiological surveys for diagnostic purposes but also therapeutic evaluation. However, each of these modalities has its limits. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI), analysis of tumor heterogeneity with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) as well as the development of new PET radiotracers are three important ways that may contribute to improve MM patient’s management. The general objective of this work was to assess the contribution of these new approaches during the initial diagnosis of MM as well as during therapeutic evaluation.The first part of this work was to prospectively compare the detection of focal bone lesions by FDG-PET and DW-MRI in a population of newly diagnosed MM. The second part of this work was to assess the contribution of radiomics coupled to AI for the diagnosis of diffuse bone marrow disease in FDG-PET. The third part of this work was devoted to the prospective comparison of the prognostic values of FDG-PET and DW-MRI during the therapeutic evaluation of MM eligible to autologous stem cell transplantation. The last part describes the protocol that aims at comparing the performance of 18F-Fluorocholine PET-CT and FDG-PET in the initial work-up of MM
Finiels, Pierre-Jacques. "L'anévrysme de l'artère cérébelleuse postéro inférieure : mise au point anatomique, diagnostique, thérapeutique et pronostique : à propos d'une série rétrospective de 32 cas avec revue de la littérature." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11073.
Full textRomain, Mélanie. "Synthèse de nanoparticules hybrides pour cibler les vésicules extracellulaires ou les récepteurs de mort cellulaires et déploiement d'outils analytiques biophysiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCK077.
Full textExtracellular vesicles (EVs) present a growing field of interest due to their ability for biological content transport during intercellular communication and their noteworthy release in biofluids, making them promising biomakers for theranostic applications. However, it is very difficult to specifically target, isolate or characterize them because their circulation happens in complex samples (blood…) containing all subclass of EVs released continuously from different tissue/fluid cells. There, sub-populations of interests are minor and difficult to reach. The project NPs@EVs aims to separate EVs sub-populations thanks to an acoustofluidic device to efficiently align and sort submicron biological particles based on their physico-chemical properties. In order to refine the sorting, targeted EVs will be spiked by hybrid nanoparticles (NPs), thus also facilitating EVs characterization. Superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) and gold NPs (AuNPs) are chosen for this purpose, owing to their magnetic and plasmonic properties respectively. The synthesis of the NPs is achieved to get comparable sizes for the two different materials, to study this influence on final application. A first ligand grafting step is carried out, leading to stable suspensions, with different ligands chosen to ensure identical external chemistries, and compare the final influence of ligand length. Studies with UV-visible spectroscopy and SPR assays enable to define the optimum grafting conditions for this step, but also to understand some characteristics of the final ligand layers. NPs must then be biofunctionalized depending on the biomarkers of interests to target biomimetic polymer microparticles used as model EVs and functionalized with ovalbumin. The biofunctionalization of NPs is initially carried out with cytochrome C chosen to define grafting conditions, and then ovalbumin antibody. SPRi was then used to assess the targeting ability of the biofunctionalized NPs, and show a good recognition of the grafted antibodies to an antigen surface. Preliminary tests were carried out to study selective attachment of the hybrid NPs to biomimetic microparticles. They show successful grafting of some particles, but separation procedure must be optimized owing to the amount of remaining free NPs. Next steps should focus on improvement of targeting protocols and their application on EVs samples, before tests in application of the acoustofluidic device.Another project focused on the use of hybrid NPs for immunotherapy, using biomolecules targeting death receptors of the tumor necrosis superfamily, coupled with hyperthermia. To get compatible plasmonic properties with classical stimulation procedures for phototherapy, gold nanorods (AuNRs) were synthetized. Heterobifunctional PEG were used for their functionalization to stabilize the AuNRs and get rid of cytotoxic surfactant used during the NRs synthesis. Different coupling strategies, including EDC/NHS, Schiff base formation after antibody oxidation and click chemistry, were then assessed to graft biomolecules to the AuNRs, and compare final immunotherapy efficiency. Click chemistry offered the maximized pro-apoptotic effects. Optimization are required on the formulation to use those nanoplatforms for in vivo studies
Schuster, Iris. "Dynamique adaptative de la cinétique myocardique : contribution des techniques ultrasonographiques à l'étude des dysfonctions ventriculaires gauches diastoliques." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON1T005.
Full textVaillant, Ophélie. "Récepteur du mannose-6-phosphate : applications pour le diagnostic et la thérapie photodynamique des cancers de la prostate." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON13527.
Full textThe development of personalized and non invasive therapies represents a major challenge in cancer and the use of multifunctional nano-tools combined with new specific biomarkers of cancer cells an appropriate solution. The prostate cancer is the most diagnosed malignancy and the second cause of cancer death in men. It is essential to diagnose and treat these tumors from the early stages to improve the survival and the care of patients. The aim of this thesis was to study the potential of a membrane lectin, the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-M6PR) as a biomarker for prostate cancer. Firstly, the analysis of the expression of CI-M6PR was performed on healthy and cancer prostate tissues. The discovery of a specific overexpression by prostate cancer cells allows to propose CI-M6PR as a new diagnostic marker and we considered its targeting for photodynamic therapy of prostate cancers. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles have been functionalized specifically for photodynamic therapy with the encapsulation of one or two-photon photosensitizers and the grafting of stable ligands, analogues of the natural M6P, for the CI-M6PR targeting. The phototoxic potential in vitro and ex vivo of these nano-tools was demonstrated in addition to the specific M6PR internalization pathway. Moreover, the two-photon fluorescence property of the nanoparticles led to the imaging of prostate cancer cells and thus suggests their use for theranostic (therapy and diagnosis) purpose of prostate cancers
Nguyen, Van Nuoï Delphine. "Hémolymphangiome kystique intra-orbitaire chez l'enfant : diagnostic et prise en charge thérapeutique actuelle en 2009 : revue de la littérature." Antilles-Guyane, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AGUY0316.
Full textOrbital cystic Iymphangioma is a rare vascular malformation, benign but potentially dangerous for visual function. This work propose a clinical and paraclinical synthesis and treatement. The clinical presentation is: one side, no breathing, no beating, acute or progressive proptosis, with smalt expansion with Valsalva maneuver. Complications must have been detected: compressive optic neuropathy, major exorbitism, corneal exposure. MRI is the imaging reference. The imaging shows typical lesion: polycystic mass pseudo-encapsulated, with various aged intracystic hemorrhage. In children, the treatment of Iymphangioma is challenging because of try to preserve a normal anatomie development and a correct visual function. First, small traumatism and eared, nosed and throated infection have to be prevented. If Iymphangioma is not complicated, the observation is the treatment. Conservative and no-invasive treatment exist: external compression, corticosteroid. For severe form, surgical decompression with complete resection of the lesion is the reference of treatment. Hemostatic polymer are developed to help the surgery, reducing the risk of hemorrhage
Le, Roy Bertrand. "Techniques radiovasculaires et d'imagerie dans la prise en charge thérapeutique des tumeurs hépatiques." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAS019.
Full textRésumé indisponible
Deluche, Laurent. "Performance diagnostique des critères ST/FC d'effort-récupération et du test sous trinitrine dans la maladie coronaire et les faux positifs par le critère standard ST." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR23098.
Full textCoindard, Guillaume. "Le vécu du diagnostic et de la phase thérapeutique initiale par les personnes atteintes de pathologies cancéreuses : quels rôles pour la médecine générale au prisme des inégalités sociales de santé ?" Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100050.
Full textThe general practitioner is the main actor in the organisation of primary care, as defined by the laws in force, both nationally and internationally. However, its role in the care of cancer patients remains both fluctuating, depending mainly on the social position of the patients, and difficult to identify, both in terms of time and context. A series of studies have been carried out to try to better understand the role of the general practitioner in the initial management of cancer, i.e. from the diagnostic period to the therapeutic phase itself. An initial qualitative study of 83 people with cancer (PWC) identified the main ways in which the health care system was used and what roles the general practitioner could play in these situations. A second qualitative component with health professionals, including general practitioners, clarified these roles, while a quantitative component was conducted to describe from cancer patient records the modalities of using a general practitioner. The trajectories of PWC were all the more marked by endurance logics as they were socially disadvantaged or from working class backgrounds. We also observed how the difficulties related to the patient's work were burdened by intersectionality logics. From a complete absence in the trajectories of some PWCs to a major role for others, the discovery of cancer and follow-up during the initial therapeutic phase, defining the role that the general practitioner can play requires an analysis of the entire spectrum of possible interventions, of which heterogeneity remains the rule. Nevertheless, during the two main phases, the peri-diagnostic phase and the initial therapeutic phase, the general practitioner is defined by the practice of interface medicine. This interface is temporal, making it possible to support the PWC in the biographical rupture particularly heavy with consequences in cancer pathology. But it is also spatial, being able to support the PWC in referring to the oncology care team, then when anti-cancer treatments are used, to the professionals in charge of this specificity. Like any interface, it is only visible to PWCs when it is crossed and remains in the shadows before and after, at home and in hospital. The issue then becomes that of communication, or how the general practitioner is able, through his knowledge, skills, posture and words, to forge sufficiently strong links to help the patient in his quest for recovery and in his work of physical, psychological and social reconstruction
Patout, Maxime. "Evaluation des techniques pour la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique de l'insuffisance respiratoire chronique A Randomized controlled trial on the effect of needle gauge on the pain and anxiety experienced during radial arterial puncture Long term survival following initiation of home non-invasive ventilation : a European study Neural respiratory drive predicts long-term outcome following admission for exacerbation of COPD : a post hoc analysis Neural respiratory drive and cardiac function in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome following initiation of non-invasive ventilation Polysomnography versus limited respiratory monitoring and nurse-led titration to optimise non-invasive ventilation set-up a pilot randomised clinical trial Chronic ventilator service Step-down from non-invasive ventilation to continuous positive airway pressure : a better phenotyping is required AVAPS-AE versus ST mode : a randomized controlled trial in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome Technological advances in home non-invasive ventilation monitoring : reliability of data and effect on patient outcomes Efficacy of a home discharge care bundle after acute exacerbation of COPD Prediction of severe acute exacerbation using changes in breathing pattern of COPD patients on home noninvasive ventilation Charasteristics and outcome of patients set up on high-flow oxygen therapy at home Trial of portable continuous positive airway pressure for the management of tracheobronchomalacia." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR115.
Full textSingle-organ respiratory failure defines chronic respiratory failure. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome is the main cause of chronic respiratory failure and occurs in 4 to 5% of obese patients. Chronic respiratory failure is also the end-stage evolution of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that has a prevalence of 6 to 8% in the adult population. The incidence of these diseases increases so does the incidence of chronic respiratory failure. In this thesis, we will evaluate novel diagnostic and therapeutic modalities that could improve the care of patients with chronic respiratory failure. Regarding diagnostic modalities, we have seen that evaluating the work of breathing with surface parasternal electromyography was an independent prognostic marker in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We have also seen that it was a relevant tool to predict the clinicalefficacy and compliance to home non-invasive ventilation. Regarding therapeutic modalities, we have shown that the use of a semi-automatic mode of non-invasive ventilation had the same efficacy of a standard mode with a shorter length of stay for its setup. We have shown the relevance and feasibility of the use of high-flow oxygen therapy in the home setting whilst it was only used in intensive care units. Finally, we have shown the benefits of continuous positive airway pressure during exertion in patients with tracheobronchomalacia. Regarding patients’ follow-up, we have shown that the use of data from built-in software could predict the onset of a severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, we also show that the implementation of tele-medicine in patients with chronic respiratory failure cannot be included in daily clinical practice yet. In this thesis, we have identified novel physiological tools, novel ways to administer treatments and novel follow-up tools that can improve the management of patients with chronic respiratory failure
Rousseau-Nepton, Isabelle. "Vers une prise en charge améliorée des patients avec glycogénose : nouvelles approches diagnostique et thérapeutique." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13022.
Full textGlycogen storage diseases are diseases affecting glycogen synthesis or degradation. Early diagnosis and optimal diet, including hypoglycemia prevention, are essential for better patient outcomes. The present work aimed to genetically confirm glycogen storage disease in Inuit from Nunavik and to evaluate the impact of a new nutritional therapy, GlycosadeTM, on sleep and quality of life in a cohort of patients from Montreal. We identified the causative mutation of glycogen storage disease in Nunavik by means of exome sequencing allowing early diagnosis and screening of family members. We also introduced a long acting form of cornstarch and prospectively assessed sleep and quality of life before and after this treatment in patients with glycogen storage disease. We highlighted sleep disturbances in patients and discussed GlycosadeTM as a promising therapeutic option.