Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Diagnostic informatics'
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Degutis, Aurimas. "Naujų riedėjimo guolių defektų diagnostiniai tyrimai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140611_151233-28760.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to create, implement and test a method which would allow to evaluate the quality of newly made bearing and its elements, without the need of disassembling the bearing. To evaluate the quality of the bearing without disassembling it, vibration signal monitoring and analysis methods were used. The following tasks were completed in order to accomplish the goal of the thesis: • Reviewed bearing quality evaluation and failure detection methods used in industry. • Created and implemented a method which could evaluate the quality of a bearing. • Experimentally tested the efficiency of the method. • Investigated the used oil influence on the quality detection. The quality of the bearing and its elements can be measured using bearing elements vibration acceleration root mean square method. This method does not require the disassembling of the bearing which might not be avoided when using other methods. The efficiency of the method was proven by performing extensive mechanical analysis on studied bearings, which required to disassemble the bearing and check in detail the quality of the bearing. The collected results were compared with the ones received from the implemented method. Some additional methods were created and implemented which would give more information about the bearing and its quality. The vibration acceleration signal centering method was implemented and its efficiency was checked experimentally.
Aldridge, Roger Benjamin Lochore. "Dermato-informatic approaches to understanding and improving lesional diagnostic expertise in cutaneous oncology." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31068.
Full textChao, Sam. "Novel data mining methodologies for medical data processing and application on i+diagnostic workbench." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1872954.
Full textWu, Bangxian, and 吴邦限. "Clinical applications of imaging informatics: computer aided diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on PET-CTand multimedia electronic patient record system for neurosurgery." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48521917.
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Diagnostic Radiology
Master
Master of Philosophy
Gellerstedt, Martin. "Interpretation of diagnostic information given patient characteristics /." Göteborg : Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/720.
Full textWang, Yuan. "Heart rate variability and respiration signals as late onset sepsis diagnostic tools in neonatal intensive care units." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S106/document.
Full textLate-onset sepsis, defined as a systemic infection in neonates older than 3 days, occurs in approximately 10% of all neonates and in more than 25% of very low birth weight infants who are hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). Recurrent and severe spontaneous apneas and bradycardias (AB) is one of the major clinical early indicators of systemic infection in the premature infant. Various hematological and biochemical markers have been evaluated for this indication but they are invasive procedures that cannot be repeated several times. The objective of this Ph.D dissertation was to determine if heart rate variability (HRV), respiration and the analysis of their relationships help to the diagnosis of infection in premature infants via non-invasive ways in NICU. Therefore, we carried out Mono-Channel (MC) and Bi-Channel (BC) Analysis in two selected groups of premature infants: sepsis (S) vs. non-sepsis (NS). (1) Firstly, we studied the RR series not only by distribution methods (moy, varn, skew, kurt, med, SpAs), by linear methods: time domain (SD, RMSSD) and frequency domain (p_VLF, p_LF, p_HF), but also by non-linear methods: chaos theory (alphaS, alphaF) and information theory (AppEn, SamEn, PermEn, Regul). For each method, we attempt three sizes of window 1024/2048/4096, and then compare these methods in order to find the optimal ways to distinguish S from NS. The results show that alphaS, alphaF and SamEn are optimal parameters to recognize sepsis from the diagnosis of late neonatal infection in premature infants with unusual and recurrent AB. (2) The question about the functional coupling of HRV and nasal respiration is addressed. Linear and non-linear relationships have been explored. Linear indexes were correlation (r²), coherence function (Cohere) and time-frequency index (r2t,f), while a non-linear regression coefficient (h²) was used to analyze non-linear relationships. We calculated two directions during evaluate the index h2 of non-linear regression. Finally, from the entire analysis process, it is obvious that the three indexes (r2tf_rn_raw_0p2_0p4, h2_rn_raw and h2_nr_raw) were complementary ways to diagnosticate sepsis in a non-invasive way, in such delicate patients.(3) Furthermore, feasibility study is carried out on the candidate parameters selected from MC and BC respectively. We discovered that the proposed test based on optimal fusion of 6 features shows good performance with the largest Area Under Curves (AUC) and the least Probability of False Alarm (PFA). As a conclusion, we believe that the selected measures from MC and BC signal analysis have a good repeatability and accuracy to test for the diagnosis of sepsis via non-invasive NICU monitoring system, which can reliably confirm or refute the diagnosis of infection at an early stage
Jonsson, Katrin. "Digitalized industrial equipment an investigation of remote diagnostics services /." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Institutionen för informatik, Umeå universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-33717.
Full textRahimpour, Roozbeh. "Parameterizing and capturing diagnostics information during design." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ30975.pdf.
Full textEnblom, Gustav, and Hannes Eskebaek. "Real Time Vehicle Diagnostics Using Head Mounted Displays." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119657.
Full textTaylor, Kelli Alise. "Teacher perceptions of diagnostic information provided by standards-based testing." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015679.
Full textJones, Elizabeth Susann. "Using Diagnostic Decision Support Systems to Reduce Diagnostic Error: A Survey of Critical Care Physicians." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703434/.
Full textMclaughlin, Kevin James. "The contribution of analytic information processing to diagnostic performance in medicine." Rotterdam : Rotterdam : Erasmus Universiteit ; Erasmus University [Host], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/10198.
Full textPetro, Lucy S. "Diagnostic information use to understand brain mechanisms of facial expression categorization." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2011/.
Full textAndersson, Daniel, and Patrik Sköld. "Evaluation of a diagnostic tool for use during system development and operations." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9567.
Full textRodon is a diagnostic tool developed by Sörman. SAAB’s interest in Rodon regards the possibility to use the tool for development and operations of aircraft systems. The main goal of this thesis was to evaluate the capacity of Rodon and determine how SAAB can use the diagnostic tool during development and operations.
The tool uses model based diagnosis with artificial intelligence for fault isolation which is a powerful approach. If Rodon is introduced at SAAB, then detailed models of systems will be necessary to create, including the nominal behavior of the system and different faulty behaviors. In order to achieve high quality fault isolation, it is necessary to have complete and consistent models. To be able to use all applications that Rodon feature for a modeled system, preferable characteristics are that the model should be static, have discrete control signals, and have well defined system behavioral modes.
During development of a system Rodon can be used to improve and easy the work for failure analysis, guidance of sensor placements, evaluation of tests, generation of decision structures, and fault isolation. Since design of tests during development is a desirable application that Rodon does not have, two different methods are presented that utilizes Rodon to generate all possible limit checking tests.
In conclusion, Rodon can be very useful in several different aspects if introduced, but benefits gained by using Rodon will have to be compared to the labor cost of creating good models.
Pan, Jianjia. "Image segmentation based on the statistical and contour information." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1004.
Full textLorentsson, Lars. "The appropriateness of using the living systems theory by James Grier Miller as a diagnostic tool." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-627.
Full textThis work is a research in the field of systems science, emphasising the importance of applying models and theories that have been developed in this area. This work studies the possibility of using James Miller's living systems theory (LST) as a diagnostic tool. The application area was project management processes used when developing computerised information systems. The focus on the analyses was on the critical subsystems that process information. Based on this study it was found that LST function as a diagnostic tool according to the following criteria: it was possible to identify the critical subsystems in the application, the critical subsystems covered relevant information flows in the application and LST could make a unique contribution in the analyses of the application.
Bäck, Olof. "Modelling for diagnosis in Modelica : implementation and analysis." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12169.
Full textTechnical systems of today are often complex and integrated. To maintain operational functionality and security it is sometimes necessary to have a surveillance system which can detect a fault in an early stage. The device that detects and locates the faulty component is called a diagnosis system. There are several different approaches to fault diagnosis, this study focus on a part of technical diagnosis that uses a model of the system for assistance to make the diagnosis. In the creation of the model of the system computer tools can be used, in this thesis it is investigated if one such software tool is practical to use in the building of the model of the system.
One aspect of technical diagnosis based on models is the creation of a model of the process in question with support for faults, a fault model. In this thesis, Modelica is used to create fault models. The models produced from Modelica are then analyzed by some existing diagnosis algorithms.
The approach of designing fault models in Modelica and then exporting the corresponding system and perform diagnosis analysis on it in Matlab is considered feasible. But the process falls a bit short of the aim of a automatic model building and and diagnosis analysis procedure.
If the results from this thesis are to be used in the future will depend on if the freedom that Modelica gives in designing fault models are deemed worthwhile to accommodate so that the results from the modeling suits the diagnosis analysis. One way to do ease this transformation of data is to restrict the freedom of model designs in Modelica but then some of the benefit that Modelica brings is negated. It is shown here however that it it possible to design fault models in Modelica and then use the results to analyze the models regarding sensor placement and test design.
Wert, Alexander [Verfasser]. "Performance Problem Diagnostics by Systematic Experimentation / Alexander Wert." Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2018. http://www.ksp.kit.edu.
Full textTong, Shan. "Dynamic physiological information recovery : a sampled-data filtering framework /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ECED%202008%20TONG.
Full textRavi, Divya. "Generation of AUTOSAR Diagnostic Communication Manager." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-203846.
Full textJohnson, Eamon B. "Methods in Text Mining for Diagnostic Radiology." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459514073.
Full textLeclerc, Christina Marie. "Age-Related Differences in the use of Diagnostic Information in Social Judgments." NCSU, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04082003-140602/.
Full textKaghazchi, Hassan. "A diagnostics model for industrial communications networks." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2015. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/5651/.
Full textJoseph, Guy-Marie. "The time course of diagnostic information processing : levels of expertise and problem representation." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66197.
Full textHowell, John. "Model-based fault diagnosis in information poor processes." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295670.
Full textSojer, Dominik [Verfasser]. "Synthesis of Online Diagnostic Techniques for Embedded Systems / Dominik Sojer." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1042308551/34.
Full textHabte, Samson. "Snap-drift neural computing for intelligent diagnostic feedback." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2017. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/1247/.
Full textHorner, Ivan. "Design and evaluation of hydrological signatures for the diagnostic and improvement of a process-based distributed hydrological model." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALU014.
Full textThe evaluation of hydrological models is typically based on comparisons of observed and sim-ulated streamflow time series using performance metrics such as the Nash-Sutcli˙e Eÿciency. Although it provides relevant measures of the predictive performance of a model, this type of approach provides very little information on the reasons behind good or bad performance. Instead, Gupta et al. (2008) proposed to use hydrological signatures which are indicators that characterize catchment behaviors. Because they can be related to hydrological processes, using them when comparing observation with simulation enable the evaluation of the model while o˙ering diagnostics, i.e. indications on the hydrological processes that are well or badly repre-sented in the model.In this PhD thesis, we focus on the interpretations and diagnostic power of hydrological signatures and how they can be used to guide the improvement of a distributed model. We present the building of a set of hydrological signatures, using only widely available data – pre-cipitation, streamflow and air temperature – to characterize the hydrological functioning of 4 Ardèche sub-catchments (South East of France) and 10 snow dominated catchments of the Southern Sierra mountains (California, USA). Already existing and new hydrological signatures are selected and/or designed. Collectively, they can characterize catchment behavior in a wide variety of hydro-climatic contexts. We demonstrate the value of additional snow measurements to evaluate the information content of snow dedicated hydrological signatures. In the context of the Ardèche catchment, we set up the J2000 distributed model and use a sensitivity analysis to understand how the hydrological signatures are linked to the model parameters. This provides insights into how they are to be interpreted in the context of the J2000 Ardèche model and allows the assessment of their diagnostic power. Finally, combining the results of the sensi-tivity analysis with comparisons between observed and simulated hydrological signatures, we undertake an in-depth diagnostic of the model to provide and test recommendations for its improvement. Deficiencies of the model functioning are identified, mainly related to soil and groundwater storage and fluxes, highlighting issues in the spatial representation of soil and geological properties
Rigaud, Jean-Philippe. "Information des proches et démarche diagnostique en réanimation." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05T054.
Full textInformation of relatives in intensive care unit is often difficult because of emergency, absence of relatives, respect of confidentiality and patient’s wishes and more often, because of absence of legal representative. French law does not provide for information of the next of kin in intensive care unit. We carried out two studies among intensivists on information about diagnostic processes during patient stay and immediatly after death. We suggested that a new approach of information could join respect of patient’s autonomy and beneficience towards relatives
Subotic, Dejan. "A XML-based diagnostic tool using the product line approach." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-6289.
Full textThis is a Master Thesis at the Computer Science Program at Växjö University. It has been made at BSR in Växjö where the development of a diagnostic tool has been in the running since the beginning of 2008. Previously there was a base developed within the company which I was to use for developing the two layers that I was responsible for – ProtocolLayer and PresentationLayer. In the end it should lead to a XML-based diagnostic tool. The technologies used have been .NET with its language C# and XML. The future purpose for this tool is for it to be used within the company to receive important information about the cars when developing other BSR products.
This thesis has focused on developing the tool to be working with the car manufacturer VOLVO and its protocols. The idea is that the diagnostic tool in the future could be extended to be working with all possible car manufacturers’ protocols and to enlighten the extensibility the project has been done using the product-line approach.
Ried, Walter [Verfasser], and Eberhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Wille. "Information und Nutzen der medizinischen Diagnostik / Walter Ried ; Betreuer: Eberhard Wille." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233600753/34.
Full textLuger, Tana Marie. "Older adults' online health information-seeking and diagnostic reasoning: a mixed methods investigation." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3343.
Full textWu, Tsung-Lin. "Classification models for disease diagnosis and outcome analysis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44918.
Full textLiu, Gang. "Spatiotemporal Sensing and Informatics for Complex Systems Monitoring, Fault Identification and Root Cause Diagnostics." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5727.
Full textCollazos, Linares Kathya Silvia. "Sistema especialista nebuloso para diagnostico medico." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1997. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/77245.
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Uma das principais dificuldades que apresentam os sistemas especialistas para apoio à tomada de decisão na área médica é que a imprecisão contida nos dados a serem utilizados é esquecida nos sistemas baseados em computador, fazendo-os diferentes da realidade. Neste trabalho, depois de uma revisão dos principais métodos para tratar com incerteza e imprecisão, é proposto um método para tratar a imprecisão nos dados clínicos utilizando a lógica nebulosa. O raciocínio baseado em casos é um paradigma simbólico da inteligência artificial para modelar o raciocínio do especialista. Este paradigma foi adotado para evitar a perda de informação intrínseca nos sistemas nebulosos baseados em regras. A teoria pesquisada é ilustrada pela implementação de um protótipo experimental no domínio da reumatologia.
Ngo, Darius. "Fault diagnosis in a system where information is poor." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300725.
Full textWert, Alexander [Verfasser], and R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Reussner. "Performance Problem Diagnostics by Systematic Experimentation / Alexander Wert. Betreuer: R. Reussner." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074463757/34.
Full textKnights, Peter Fielden. "Fault diagnosis in mobile mining equipment." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40165.
Full textThe set theoretical approach was applied to the development of a diagnostic decision support system for a semi-automated Atlas Copco Wagner ST-8B Load-Haul-Dump vehicle. Hypothesis sets were generated for the vehicle's hydraulic circuit and Deutz FL-413-FW diesel engine. A high level of diagnostic resolution was achieved for the hydraulic circuit, but limited resolution was achieved for the diesel engine. This was postulated to be due to the ratio of observable system outputs to input sub-systems, and the number of least repairable units making up each system.
Manual knowledge acquisition was undertaken in an underground mine to refine the diagnostic knowledge developed from the hypothesis sets and to add knowledge to discriminate between competing failure hypotheses. Heuristic failure likelihoods were used to rank hypotheses in order of frequency of occurrence. The knowledge base was implemented as a hypertext decision support system using HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML). The resulting decision support system is platform independent, upgradeable and able to be maintained by site personnel. The system is currently installed at surface level and at 1800 level at INCO Limited's Stobie Mine in Sudbury, Ontario.
The thesis makes a number of original contributions, the first two of which are of generic significance. It is the first work to apply set theoretical concepts to structural models of mobile mining equipment in order to diagnose faults. A number of modifications are advanced to the conventional trace-back analysis technique for generating contributor and normality sets, and heuristic guidelines are provided for estimating the costs and benefits of developing, implementing and maintaining diagnostic decision support systems. It is also the first work to formalise a decision support system in HTML and to suggest the application of company-wide internets ("intranets") to disseminate maintenance knowledge within mines.
Li, Shih Min. "Sistema baseado em conhecimentos para detecção e classificação de crises epilepticas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1994. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/76046.
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O sistema baseado em conhecimentos foi desenvolvimento em dois módulos. O módulo de triagem e o de classificação. O módulo de triagem é construído adaptando o questionário de Fernandes (1993), elaborado e validado em Porto Alegre, através de um inquérito populacional. Este módulo de classificação utiliza as técnicas de inteligência artificial simbólica, com a programação orientada a objetos, usando shell Kappa, classificando as crises epilépticas baseada nos critérios da ILAE "International League Against Epilepsy" (1981). A estrutura do sistema assemelha-se ao desenho dos estudos epidemiológicos populacionais realizados em dois estágios. O sistema foi testado e demonstrou-se um bom desempenho. Os aspectos atuais de avaliação e as implicações ético-legais também foram discutidos. O sistema implementado pode ser útil na pesquisa clínico epidemiológica, no ensino da epilepsia e também pode servir de base para o desenvolvimento de outros sistemas.
Nilsson, Gunnar. "Classification and reuse of clinical information in general practice : studies on diagnostic and pharmacological information in electronic patient record systems /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-306-6/.
Full textAbdala, Daniel Duarte. "Uma metodologia para criação de cérebros médios e mensuração da atrofia relativa do córtex." Florianópolis, SC, 2005. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/102674.
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Devido à grande variabilidade anatômica relativa ao cérebro do ser humano, o seu estudo implica uma área incerta da ciência, e esforços direcionados ao objetivo de gerar um mapeamento dessa complexa estrutura obtêm constantes sucessos, mas também fracassos. Atualmente, com a crescente capacidade computacional e com a disponibilidade de metodologias para alinhamento de imagens, novos passos direcionados ao esforço de mapear o cérebro humano estão sendo dados. A existência de um "cérebro médio", que seja estatisticamente representativo em relação às características de uma dada população, pode vir a auxiliar o acompanhamento da evolução de doenças degenerativas cerebrais, ao fornecer uma base sólida para identificação de anomalias, assim como para servir de base para a tomada de decisão clínica. Este trabalho apresenta o resultado de dois anos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento junto ao projeto Cyclops, no intuito da elaboração de uma metodologia de registro volumétrico de imagens médicas e conseqüente geração de mapas médios do cérebro humano. Como fator motivador deste trabalho desenvolveu-se uma metodologia para a avaliação do grau de atrofia global e local do córtex cerebral, com o intuito de auxiliar os médicos neurorradiologistas no processo de diagnóstico precoce da doença de Alzheimer, assim como no acompanhamento e predição da evolução estatisticamente representativa do estado de MCI- Mild Cognitive Inparment para a doença de Alzheimer. Ao final da pesquisa obteve-se: a) descrição metodológica de geração de cérebros médios. b) uma ferramenta para registro de imagens mono-modais/multi-subject; c) ferramenta para geração de cérebros médios; d) ferramenta de geração de mapas de cores para salientar regiões atrofiadas do córtex; e) todas as funcionalidades discutidas neste trabalho sob a forma de um framework extensível.
Särnholm, Oskar. "Structural Algorithms in Rodon : with a prototype implementation in Java." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9307.
Full textAs machines are increasingly used to fulfill even more needs of mankind, the dependence upon those machines increase. To prevent catastrophic failure and to facilitate maintenance a diagnostic system can be used. A diagnostic system supervises the system and can alarm the operator when a fault has occurred, and possibly determine what the cause may be. One architecture of a diagnostic system is a number of tests run by an on-board computer checking certain combinations of sensor values and control signals chosen in advance. To design these tests is a difficult task, which leads to the desire to automate the test construction. A part of this task can be performed using structural methods.
In this thesis model based diagnosis is considered. This means that a formal mathematical model is used. The models typically consist of a number of equations describing the behavior of the system. In structural methods it is only considered if a variable exists in an equation or not. The goal of this master thesis project has been to apply structural methods to RODON models. RODON is a software diagnostics tool brought to market by Sörman Information & Media, which can perform various diagnostic-related tasks based on a single model. This model is defined in an object oriented fashion using a Modelica-like language called Rodelica. A prototype implementation of a structural algorithm plug-in has been developed and integrated into RODON. An additional part of the project has been to investigate further possible uses of structural algorithms in RODON, apart from diagnostic test construction. This has been performed as a series of interviews with Sörman and university employees.
The work performed in this thesis has shown that it is possible to apply structural methods to RODON models. It has also shown that even a prototype implementation can handle quite large systems. Some problems have been found as well, most notably in extracting a structural model from a RODON model. A consequence is that the developed structural plug-in only works for a subset of RODON models. It might be possible to deal with these problems if more time would be spent on the task. Finally, the interview survey revealed other possible uses of structural methods in RODON, including optimal sensor placement analysis and isolability and detectability analysis.
Ruiz, Diego. "Fault diagnosis in chemical plants integrated to the information system." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6420.
Full textEl sistema de diagnosis de fallos que se presenta consiste en una combinación de un sistema de reconocimiento de patrones basado en redes neuronales artificiales y un sistema de inferencia basado en la lógica difusa. La información necesaria para desarrollar el sistema de diagnosis incluye los datos históricos, un análisis de riesgo y operabilidad y un modelo de la planta química. La entrada al sistema son las mediciones directas o indirectas de la planta y la salida consiste en una señal para cada fallo (0: no fallo; 1: fallo). Primero se definen los fallos posibles. La red neuronal se entrena con datos históricos de fallos ocurridos en el pasado, con el objeto de reconocer los patrones respectivos. En el caso de que no se posean los datos históricos de alguno de los fallos, por ejemplo porque nunca hayan ocurrido, se obtienen los patrones mediante la simulación, usando el modelo de la planta. El sistema de lógica difusa contiene un conjunto de reglas si-entonces que pueden ser de dos tipos: las basadas en el conocimiento de la planta, mediante el análisis de riesgo o la experiencia con la simulación, y las basadas en la experiencia con el uso de la red neuronal, previamente entrenada. Otro aspecto novedoso es la posibilidad de entrenar la red neuronal con "características" extraídas de las variables medidas mediante su pre-procesamiento con wavelets. Esta variante permite obtener un alto rendimiento del sistema de diagnosis en plantas químicas discontinuas y continuas complejas. Para optimizar los parámetros de los componentes del sistema de diagnosis se propone un índice de rendimiento. Además, se utiliza el índice de rendimiento para comparar el sistema propuesto con otros métodos.
Las señales dadas por el sistema de diagnosis pueden ser usadas por el sistema de programación de la producción para actualizar el plan de la manera más efectiva, por el sistema de control para actuar en forma automática y por los operadores de planta como soporte para la toma de decisiones. Se han sentado las bases para la traducción de la salida del sistema de diagnosis para su utilización por los demás niveles del soporte informático. Se usa una estrategia basada en el análisis de riesgo y operabilidad de la planta.
El sistema propuesto es consecuencia de sucesivas mejoras, al trabajar con diferentes casos de estudio. Los escenarios académicos corresponden a una planta química continua con una corriente de reciclo y un reactor discontinuo. Los casos a escala de planta piloto corresponden a escenarios construidos en la UPC: un reactor de gasificación, un reactor semicontinuo y una planta discontinua multipropósito. Los escenarios industriales corresponden a dos refinerías de azúcar y a un sector de una planta petroquímica.
El sistema propuesto muestra ser ventajoso respecto a otros métodos tanto en cuanto a la rapidez de diagnosis como en cuanto a su capacidad para aislar los fallos. La simplicidad del desarrollo y la flexible estrategia de implementación del sistema propuesto auguran un futuro promisorio a la tecnología presentada. Nuevas líneas de investigación se pueden emprender mediante el desarrollo de un sistema de gestión de las alarmas. Otro aspecto importante es la posibilidad de participar en la estandarización de las interfaces del programa de diagnosis.
The pretended contribution of this thesis deals with the implementation of a fault diagnosis system in chemical plants integrated to the monitoring, management and control system. The proposed fault diagnosis system consists in a combination of a pattern recognition approach based on artificial neural networks and an inference system based on fuzzy logic. The information needed to develop the fault diagnosis system includes the historical data, the hazard and operability study and the model of the chemical plant. The inputs to the system are the direct or indirect measurements from the plant and the output consists in a signal for each fault (0: no fault; 1: fault). First, the possible faults are defined. The artificial neural network is trained with historical data of faults occurred in the past, with the aim of recognising the respective patterns. In the case that the corresponding historical data are not available, for example due to the no occurrence of the fault, the patterns are obtained through simulation, using the plant model. The fuzzy logic system contains a set of if-then rules that can be of two types: those based in the process knowledge, by the hazard analysis or by the experience with simulation, and those based on the experience with the use of an artificial neural network, previously trained. Other novel aspect is the possibility of artificial neural network training by using signals features that are extracted by its pre-processing using wavelets. This alternative allows a higher fault diagnosis system performance in batch and complex continuous chemical plants. In order to optimise the parameters of the components of the fault diagnosis system, a performance index is proposed. The performance index is also utilised to compare the proposed fault diagnosis system against other methods.
The signals provided by the fault diagnosis system can be used by the scheduling system to update the schedule in the most effective way, by the control system to take automated control actions and by plant's operators as support for decision-making. The basis of the translation of the system output, for its utilisation at other levels in the information system, has been settled.
The proposed strategy is based on the hazard and operability analysis.
The proposed system is the result of successive improvements, by working with different case studies. The academic scenarios correspond to a continuous chemical plant with a recycle stream and a batch reactor. The pilot plant scale cases correspond to scenarios built at UPC: a reactor gasifier, a fed-batch reactor and a multipurpose batch chemical plant. The industrial scenarios correspond to two sugar refineries and a sector of a petrochemical plant.
The proposed system shows to be advantageous with respect to other methods in relation to the fastness of the diagnosis and also its capacity to isolate faults. The simplicity of the development and the flexible strategy of implementation of the proposed fault diagnosis system give a promising future to the presented technology. New research lines can be considered by developing the alarm handling system. Other important aspect is the possibility of the participation in the standardisation of the interfaces of the fault diagnosis program.
Isaksson, Olle. "Model-based Diagnosis of a Satellite Electrical Power System with RODON." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Vehicular Systems, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16763.
Full textAs space exploration vehicles travel deeper into space, their distance to earth increases.The increased communication delays and ground personnel costs motivatea migration of the vehicle health management into space. A way to achieve thisis to use a diagnosis system. A diagnosis system uses sensor readings to automaticallydetect faults and possibly locate the cause of it. The diagnosis system usedin this thesis is a model-based reasoning tool called RODON developed by UptimeSolutions AB. RODON uses information of both nominal and faulty behavior ofthe target system mathematically formulated in a model.The advanced diagnostics and prognostics testbed (ADAPT) developed at theNASA Ames Research Center provides a stepping stone between pure researchand deployment of diagnosis and prognosis systems in aerospace systems. Thehardware of the testbed is an electrical power system (EPS) that represents theEPS of a space exploration vehicle. ADAPT consists of a controlled and monitoredenvironment where faults can be injected into a system in a controlled manner andthe performance of the diagnosis system carefully monitored. The main goal of thethesis project was to build a model of the ADAPT EPS that was used to diagnosethe testbed and to generate decision trees (or trouble-shooting trees).The results from the diagnostic analysis were good and all injected faults thataffected the actual function of the EPS were detected. All sensor faults weredetected except faults in temperature sensors. A less detailed model would haveisolated the correct faulty component(s) in the experiments. However, the goal wasto create a detailed model that can detect more than the faults currently injectedinto ADAPT. The created model is stationary but a dynamic model would havebeen able to detect faults in temperature sensors.Based on the presented results, RODON is very well suited for stationary analysisof large systems with a mixture of continuous and discrete signals. It is possibleto get very good results using RODON but in turn it requires an equally goodmodel. A full analysis of the dynamic capabilities of RODON was never conductedin the thesis which is why no conclusions can be drawn for that case.
Mas, Magali. "Analyse comparative des représentations du risque volcanique en milieu insulaire : Guadeloupe, Martinique et Réunion." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00981943.
Full textCarre, Alexandra. "Annonce du diagnostic, information sur la maladie et observance du traitement chez le sujet schizophrène." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON11029.
Full textKohlmann, Mareike. "Discriminant Analysis for Longitudinal Data with Application in Medical Diagnostics." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-127645.
Full textBraganza, Soumya. "Point-of-use soil diagnostics : an actionable information system for resource constrained farmers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104819.
Full textThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 77-79).
During the mid-1960s, India came to the brink of an acute food crisis in the midst of heavy dependence on food imports. A period of rapid agricultural modernization that followed, known as Green Revolution, transformed India from a net importer of food into an exporter. Although an appropriate response for abating the impending starvation, the Green Revolution inflicted several unintended consequences. For example, regulatory structure and fertilizer subsidies for urea that were designed to stimulate growth instead resulted in a lock-in, which in turn incentivized vast over-fertilization across the country. Today, this is a well-recognized problem, and the Government of India has announced policies and schemes such as the National Soil Health Card Scheme to increase knowledge of soil condition and curb fertilizer use. In reality, however, the current need for information on soil health far exceeds the capacity for soil testing, highlighting the need for a radical approach to meeting this policy objective. This project, undertaken in collaboration with MIT Mechanical Engineering, takes a two-part approach to addressing this problem, with the design of a point-of-use soil testing sensor and an accompanying recommendation generation engine. This thesis presents the design of the latter based upon the answer to the following question: what constitutes an actionable information for resource constrained farmers? To answer it, we use a mixed methodology approach comprising (i) a combination of stakeholder interviews and design workshops to elicit user needs, and (ii) controlled experimentation with over 200 farmers covering an entire village to measure the actionability of information in soil health recommendations. The results of the analysis of experimental data reveal that the actionability of recommendations varies significantly within the population of farmers tested, and can be attributed to the level of information provided, the environment in which a farmer receives a recommendation, gender, and education level. Consequently, an effective point-of-use diagnostic system must adjust for these factors in order to maintain high actionability. To that end, we then use the experimental results to design a recommendation generation engine, the core of which is a soil health database that maximizes the actionability of information for a resource constrained farmer.
by Soumya Braganza.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
McDonald, Kathryn Mack. "Ambulatory Care Organizations| Improving Diagnosis." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10278324.
Full textAmbulatory care comprises a major and increasingly important part of the U.S. and other countries’ health care sectors. Every year in the U.S., about 80% of the population seeks care at a doctor’s office, amounting to one billion visits. These visits divide almost equally between primary care and specialty clinic organizations. Diagnostic work is part of most ambulatory care, and central to over 40% of patient visits that originate due to a new problem or a flare-up of an ongoing chronic problem. Yet, the risks associated with diagnostic failures have not garnered much attention from health care leaders and policy makers until a recent National Academy of Medicine (NAM 2015) report synthesized research data with the statement that “most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences.” This dissertation first reviews organizational theories and measurement challenges relevant to diagnostic safety and quality in the context of ambulatory care, and then presents three papers analyzing specific organizational factors hypothesized to enable or thwart an accurate and timely diagnosis. The first paper targets delayed diagnosis from missed evidence-based monitoring in high-risk conditions (e.g., cancer) within five specialty clinics in an urban publicly funded health system. The second paper analyzes staff-reported office problems that could lead to diagnostic error (e.g., not having test results when needed) in over 900 primary and specialty clinics across the nation. The third paper examines the associations between two types of time pressure (i.e., encounter-level and practice-level), organizational factors, and patient effects including perceptions of missed diagnostic opportunities. The three primary conclusions from this work are 1) organizational vulnerabilities for missed monitoring common to the different clinics included challenges with data systems, communications handoffs, population-level tracking, and patient activities, leading to the development of ‘design seeds’ for context-flexible solutions to improve diagnostic quality; 2) two organizational factors—stage of health information technology (HIT) deployment and patient safety culture are associated with diagnostic-related office problems, and 3) encounter and practice-level time stressors in primary care clinics are associated with perceptions of greater adverse effects on diagnosis and treatment, and worse patients’ experiences of chronic care from the clinic team, respectively, as well as associated with several organizational factors including HIT, patient-centered culture, relational coordination for interdependent teamwork, and leadership facilitation of changes to address frontline practice challenges. Taken together, the dissertation papers also demonstrate the applicability of the NAM Improving Diagnosis Conceptual Framework for research on ambulatory care organizations.
Nearing, Grey Stephen. "Diagnostics and Generalizations for Parametric State Estimation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293533.
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