Journal articles: 'Diagnostic index of settlement'

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Khalid, Gul Ghuttai, Khine Wut Yee Kyaw, Christine Bousquet, Rosa Auat, Dmytro Donchuk, Adam Trickey, Saeed Hamid, et al. "From risk to care: the hepatitis C screening and diagnostic cascade in a primary health care clinic in Karachi, Pakistan—a cohort study." International Health 12, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihy096.

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Abstract Background In the high-prevalence setting of Pakistan, screening, diagnosis and treatment services for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients are commonly offered in specialized facilities. We aimed to describe the cascade of care in a Médecins Sans Frontières primary health care clinic offering CHC care in an informal settlement in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods This was a retrospective cohort analysis using routinely collected data. Three different screening algorithms were assessed among patients with one or more CHC risk factors. Results Among the 87 348 patients attending the outpatient clinic, 5003 (6%) presented with one or more risk factors. Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) positivity was 38% overall. Approximately 60% of the CHC patients across all risk categories were in the early stage of the disease, with an aspartate aminotransferase:platelet ratio index score <1. The sequential delays in the cascade differed between the three groups, with the interval between screening and treatment initiation being the shortest in the cohort tested with GeneXpert onsite. Conclusions Delays between screening and treatment can be reduced by putting in place more patient-centric testing algorithms. New strategies, to better identify and treat the hidden at-risk populations, should be developed and implemented.

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Santos, Claudio Germano Oliveira dos, and Isabel Lausanne Fontgalland. "Use of Space Syntax through the map of segments for diagnostic integration and choice normalized in the City of Campina Grande - Brazil." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): e54810111791. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11791.

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The article presents the profile of the city of Campina Grande, Brazil, from the perspective of the Space Syntax of the Theory of Social Logic of Space. In the methodology adopted, we used the model that starts from the Road Centre Line (RCL) map elaboration, which served as a basis for obtaining the Angular Segment Analysis, via Depthmapand QGIS software, generating the syntactic measures presented in the results. The objectives proposed in this study were achieved, for the results show that in the city there are spaces with organic and planned characteristics, which reflect socio-cultural aspects of occupation and settlement of the area along its predominantly heterogeneous formation. As for the urban form, there is a configuration composed of an integrating nucleus, located in the urban center; as for the scores presented, there are average values of NAIN (1.007), NACH (0.911) and INCH (12,213) measures, in which 48% with 40%, 54% and 48%, respectively, of the neighborhoods with average scores higher than the index presented by the city's configurational analysis. Most of the territory presents values above the average values for the city and for the Brazilian territory. Thus, it is concluded that the central regions seem to present, according to the data obtained, a more favorable configuration for mobility and accessibility, having in the peripheral neighborhoods segregationist aspects that can explain the restriction of movement of individuals regarding the access of goods and services in the city.

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Revunov, Oleksandr, Julia Maximyuk, Gаnna Petrenko, Serhii Petrukha, Volodymyr Gavrilyuk, and Irina Sotnikova. "CONCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASES FOR UPDATING THE SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSING THE QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES." Management of Development of Complex Systems, no. 44 (November 30, 2020): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2412-9933.2020.44.143-151.

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The thesis is devoted to solving scientific and applied launch and implementation of innovative technologies assess the quality management of construction contracting companies – singers (stakeholders) construction projects. Developed process-oriented technology assessment of management quality TAQM (an abbreviation in english "Technology assessment of quality management"), which introduced the practice of management and economic diagnostics of building contracting companies. Content and hierarchy parameters and settlement and analytical foundation created technology features are subject to an operating system BCC construction project environmental requirements and characteristics of the investment cycle. Technology underlying the economic model provides reasonable grounds to transform the results of the formal evaluation of management, production, resource and property and financial capacity in the BCC integrated assessment of the quality management company investigated as stakeholder construction project. Introduced in established technology integrated Quality Management – taking into account the need to harmonize strategy BCC with different conditions of operation in various construction projects that constitute the production program of the BCC – should be seen as a credible modern analogue of "index quality standard" as a standard assessment of readiness BCC create intermediate products and finished construction project (work completed complexes and buildings) in accordance with customer requirements and other leading actors construction projects.

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Lugovskoy, Aleksander, Aleksander Volgin, Petr Krylov, and Мikhail Evdokimov. "Diagnostics of the condition of marginal territories by lichen-indication methods." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021002010.

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The author’s definition of marginal territories is based on the principle of their uniqueness, specificity, and isolation. Marginal territories mean closed border areas located on the edge of districts or isolated areas in the center under the influence of factors and released a higher diversity and number of species, characterized by isolation from the center, which are based on the isolation of life of the population of the district. The assessment of the quality of the environment for the comfort of living in marginal territories was carried out in comparison with the control areas related to the lands of localities and recreational territories. It is carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the habitat of groups of organisms sensitive to environmental degradation, belonging to the department of Lichens. The assessment of the condition of marginal territories was carried out by methods of determining the degree of lichen cover and the air pollution level parameter, the biotic index parameter, and the poleo-tolerance index in comparison with control territories related to the lands of settlements and recreational territories.

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Krüger, Tobias, Franz Held, Sebastian Hoechstetter, Valeri Goldberg, Tobias Geyer, and Cornelia Kurbjuhn. "A new heat sensitivity index for settlement areas." Urban Climate 6 (December 2013): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2013.09.003.

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Huang, Xing, Ru Ming Wei, Ling Yuan, and Xiao Qing Li. "Research on the Prediction of High Embankment Settlement Based on the Real-Time Monitoring On-Site." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 1754–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.1754.

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Based on the real-time settlement monitoring of embankment on-site, Hyperbola method and Index curve method are used in the prediction of embankment settlement and the prediction results were compared to verify the feasibility and the potential engineering value of the prediction of embankment settlement. The calculation results showed that the relative error of the results calculated by the above methods was controlled within 2%. The accuracy of early settlement prediction of Index curve method was lower than the accuracy of later settlement prediction, but the predicting result met the needs of the engineering accuracy. The accuracy of settlement prediction of Hyperbola method was significantly higher than Index curve method. Through the comparing and analyzing of the prediction results of embankment settlement, the final settlement value calculated by Hyperbola method was higher than the real-time monitoring on-site, and the final settlement value calculated by Index curve method was lower than the real-time monitoring on-site, Hyperbola method is more suitable for the estimation to the subsidence of actual embankment engineering construction.

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Adiga, Usha. "Diagnostic Significance of Icteric Index." International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review 13, no. 1 (January 10, 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijbcrr/2016/28150.

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Geevasinga, Nimeshan, James Howells, Parvathi Menon, Mehdi van den Bos, Kazumoto Shibuya, José Manuel Matamala, Susanna B. Park, Karen Byth, Matthew C. Kiernan, and Steve Vucic. "Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diagnostic index." Neurology 92, no. 6 (January 11, 2019): e536-e547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000006876.

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ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess the utility of a novel amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) diagnostic index (ALSDI).MethodsA prospective multicenter study was undertaken on patients presenting with suspected ALS. The reference standard (Awaji criteria) was applied to all patients at recruitment. Patients were randomly assigned to a training (75%) and a test (25%) cohort. The ALSDI was developed in the training cohort and its diagnostic utility was subsequently assessed in the test cohort.ResultsA total of 407 patients were recruited, with 305 patients subsequently diagnosed with ALS and 102 with a non-ALS mimicking disorder. The ALSDI reliably differentiated ALS from neuromuscular disorders in the training cohort (area under the curve 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.89–0.95), with ALSDI ≥4 exhibiting 81.6% sensitivity, 89.6% specificity, and 83.5% diagnostic accuracy. The ALSDI diagnostic utility was confirmed in the test cohort (area under the curve 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.84–0.97), with ALSDI ≥4 exhibiting 83.3% sensitivity, 84% specificity, and 83.5% diagnostic accuracy. In addition, the diagnostic utility of the ALSDI was confirmed in patients who were Awaji negative at recruitment and in those exhibiting a predominantly lower motor neuron phenotype.ConclusionThe ALSDI reliably differentiates ALS from mimicking disorders at an early stage in the disease process.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class I evidence that for patients with suspected ALS, the ALSDI distinguished ALS from neuromuscular mimicking disorders.

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Zhang, Shujun, Luo Zhong, and Zhijun Xu. "Reliability of Foundation Pile Based on Settlement and a Parameter Sensitivity Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1659549.

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Based on the uncertainty analysis to calculation model of settlement, the formula of reliability index of foundation pile is derived. Based on this formula, the influence of coefficient of variation of the calculated settlement at pile head, coefficient of variation of the permissible limit of the settlement, coefficient of variation of the measured settlement, safety coefficient, and the mean value of calculation model coefficient on reliability is analyzed. The results indicate that(1)high reliability index can be obtained by increasing safety coefficient;(2)reliability index will be reduced with increasing of the mean value of calculation model coefficient and coefficient of variation of the permissible limit of settlement;(3)reliability index will not always monotonically increase or decrease with increasing of coefficient of variation of the calculated settlement and coefficient of variation of calculation model coefficient. To get a high reliability index, coefficient of variation of calculation model coefficient or value range of coefficient of variation of calculation model coefficient should be determined through the derived formula when values of other independent variables are determined.

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Park, Meejeong, Jeongbae Jeon, Seoungjong Bae, Daesik Kim, Jinah Choi, and Eunja Kim. "Development of Settlement Condition Diagnosis Index in Rural Village." Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning 23, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7851/ksrp.2017.23.1.065.

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Bansal, A., J. M. Farnham, R. O. Crapo, D. C. Hughes, R. L. Jensen, and L. A. Cannon-Albright. "A simple diagnostic index for asthma." Clinical & Experimental Allergy 31, no. 5 (May 2001): 756–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01065.x.

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Preus, M. "A diagnostic index for Down syndrome." Clinical Genetics 12, no. 1 (April 23, 2008): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.1977.tb00900.x.

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Evans, C. D., J. Gibson, T. Jones, and M. J. Williams. "A medical diagnostic index for rehabilitation." Disability and Rehabilitation 15, no. 3 (January 1993): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09638289309166003.

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Titova, K. V., E. V. Shvakova, L. F. Popova, A. N. Trofimova, M. V. Nikitina, and S. S. Popov. "Enzymatic activity as a diagnostic indicator of soil pollution in Solovetsky settlement." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 263 (May 13, 2019): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/263/1/012026.

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Kim, Jiseong, Eun-Sang Im, Sei-Yeon Kang, and Gichun Kang. "Study on the Design Settlement of Over-Consolidated Clay for a Complex Development." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.4.219.

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The purpose of this study was to understand the consolidation settlement characteristics of the west coast, where overconsolidation has occurred, and to identify the problems of existing consolidation design through field tests and the re-evaluation of design parameters. The settlement ratio (measurement settlement/design settlement) obtained using the existing design method was calculated to be 56.0%; however, the settlement ratio obtained through the re-evaluation of the preconsolidation stress and compression index suggested in this study was 95.6-96.6%. It was applicable to the west coast region, where the condition of overconsolidation developed. In addition, the consolidation test curve of the low-plasticity silt ground in the west coast region showed a rounded curve with no clear inflection point. It was difficult to determine the preconsolidation stress when applying the Casagrande method, and it tended to be underestimated. Analysis showed that it is preferable to apply the compression index obtained from the compaction curve as it is, rather than to apply Schmertmann's modified compression index.

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Kim, Khi-Woong. "Stratum Division Effect of Consolidation Settlement Formula Using Compression Index." Journal of the korean geosynthetic society 11, no. 2 (June 30, 2012): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12814/jkgss.2012.11.2.049.

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Cita, John, and Donald Lien. "Constructing accurate cash settlement indices: The role of index specifications." Journal of Futures Markets 12, no. 3 (June 1992): 339–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fut.3990120308.

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Shan, Hao, Guanghui Jiang, Yajing Chang, Junli Cheng, Baoning Hong, and Shengcheng Wang. "A Prediction Method for Postconstruction Settlement of Pile-Soil Composite Subgrade Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (September 13, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8894942.

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This paper presents a postconstruction settlement prediction method for pile-soil composite subgrade based on the multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation principle. In this method, the variation range of postconstruction settlement can be obtained from a simple calculation based on the basic data of actual engineering. Firstly, according to the characteristics of influencing factors in the construction of soft soil subgrade, the evaluation index set and two-level factor index sets were selected. The grading standards of the evaluation index and factor index were determined according to the allowable value of the standard and the numerical simulation results. Secondly, each factor index was standardized, and the normal distribution function in the form of exponential was used to construct the standard membership function for the first and second factor indexes. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation matrix of postconstruction settlement of composite subgrade was constructed based on the entropy weight method. The variation range of postconstruction settlement was predicted by the principle of maximum membership. The example analysis shows that the predicted results of the prediction method and the field measurement method are in good agreement, indicating that the proposed method can realize the postconstruction settlement prediction of composite subgrade, and the results are more accurate and more instructive.

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Chen, Peng-Yu, and Hong-Ming Yu. "Foundation Settlement Prediction Based on a Novel NGM Model." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/242809.

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Prediction of foundation or subgrade settlement is very important during engineering construction. According to the fact that there are lots of settlement-time sequences with a nonhomogeneous index trend, a novel grey forecasting model called NGM(1,1,k,c)model is proposed in this paper. With an optimized whitenization differential equation, the proposed NGM(1,1,k,c)model has the property of white exponential law coincidence and can predict a pure nonhomogeneous index sequence precisely. We used two case studies to verify the predictive effect of NGM(1,1,k,c)model for settlement prediction. The results show that this model can achieve excellent prediction accuracy; thus, the model is quite suitable for simulation and prediction of approximate nonhomogeneous index sequence and has excellent application value in settlement prediction.

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Dou, Haojian, Libang Ma, Huan Li, Jie Bo, and Fang Fang. "Impact evaluation and driving type identification of human factors on rural human settlement environment: Taking Gansu Province, China as an example." Open Geosciences 12, no. 1 (November 16, 2020): 1324–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0126.

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AbstractEvaluating the quality of rural human (RH) settlements and clarifying its spatial differentiation characteristics have the most direct guiding role for the formulation of regional construction policies and the optimization of RH settlements. In this study, the index model of environmental quality of RH settlement was established. ImPACT and trade-off analysis methods were used to quantitatively identify the spatial differentiation of RH settlement and dominant impact human factors of it in Gansu Province in 2017. Then, the driving type of RH settlement environment was identified. Results are as follows. (1) The overall environmental quality of RH settlement in Gansu Province shows a decreasing trend from “west to east.” (2) The environmental quality of RH settlement is mainly affected by eight factors, of which the effect of quantity index per capita is more significant. (3) The trade-off relationship between the environmental quality index and these eight dominant factors is mainly low–low, which indicates that the human factors are the main reason for the environmental quality of the RH settlement. (4) Based on the dominant human factors, Gansu Province is classified into four driving types, of which the proportion of comprehensive type accounts for 77.01%.

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Nalbantçılar, Mahmut Tahir, Turgay Beyaz, and Nagihan Özlen. "Consolidation Problem on the Clayey Soil With Containing High Groundwater Level." Academic Perspective Procedia 2, no. 3 (November 22, 2019): 642–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.02.03.68.

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In this study, the settlement problem in Ilgın district, which has high groundwater level at the northwest of Konya and is widely clay, is investigated. In order to determine the settlement characteristics of the investigated area, a research pit was opened at different points and drilling and UD samples were taken. Experiments were conducted on these soil samples. The compaction index (Cc), the compaction index (Cr), the consolidation coefficient (Cv) and the consolidation settlement were calculated according to the results of the consolidation test applied to the samples consisting mostly of clay and thin soil materials. As a result, it was determined that the ground water level and the consolidation of soils were effective in the deformations observed in the buildings in Ilgın settlement area.

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Wang, Rui Zhong. "Analysis of the Association for Shanghai Composite Index and Stock Index Futures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5672.

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In this paper, data mining association rules algorithms and techniques for relevance Shanghai CSI 300 Shanghai Financial Futures Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Index Futures Stock Exchange Composite Index were analyzed. The results show that the futures contracts and price movements highly positive correlation exists. The author believes that between the two since it is highly positive relationship, IF way of trading and settlement transactions should be fully consistent with the way the Shanghai Stock Exchange and deliver company's stock. Thus, equal opportunity traders in futures contracts and stock traders, more conducive to the development of China's securities market.

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Dianty, Marelianda Al, and Wei Wu. "Prediction of Soil Compression Index in Teziutlán, Mexico." Applied Mechanics and Materials 897 (April 2020): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.897.124.

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One of the important soil materials for the evaluation of settlement due to consolidation of soil clay is the compression index (Cc). The assessment of its value through laboratory testing is usually time consuming and expensive. Hence to find the most appropriate model prediction, the paper is examined the compression index comparison with soil plasticity material (water content, liquid limit, plasticity index). The analysis is used by multiple regression analysis and some performance indicators such as Coefficient of Determination (R2), Index of Agreement (IA), Prediction Accuracy (PA), Normalized Absolute Error (NAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The result identified the proposed model by Skempton’s, Sidharan, Nagaraj’s and Hough’s are suitable for the compression index (Cc) equation model. Another essential point, the research is found error measurement for soil plasticity index properties. Thus, this prediction model is useful to develop a preliminary assessment of the settlement of structures and carry out suitable action for landslides in Teziutlan, Mexico.

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Watkins, Marley W., Joseph C. Kush, and Barbara A. Schaefer. "Diagnostic Utility of the Learning Disability Index." Journal of Learning Disabilities 35, no. 2 (March 2002): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002221940203500201.

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HILDEN, JØRGEN, and PAUL GLASZIOU. "REGRET GRAPHS, DIAGNOSTIC UNCERTAINTY AND YOUDEN'S INDEX." Statistics in Medicine 15, no. 10 (May 30, 1996): 969–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19960530)15:10<969::aid-sim211>3.0.co;2-9.

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Maly, Michael T. "The Neighborhood Diversity Index: A Complementary Measure of Racial Residential Settlement." Journal of Urban Affairs 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0735-2166.00038.

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Cruz, Angela Gracia B., and Margo Buchanan-Oliver. "Moving toward settlement: tourism as acculturation practice." European Journal of Marketing 51, no. 4 (April 10, 2017): 772–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-09-2015-0637.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the capital-based benefits which arise when acculturating immigrants perform touristic practices, and how these shape their tourism and migration experiences. Design/methodology/approach Grounded in consumer culture theory, this paper draws on theories of capital consumption to inform a hermeneutic analysis of multi-modal depth interviews with Southeast Asian skilled migrants in New Zealand. Findings Domestic touristic practices offer three types of capital-based benefits, enabling consumers to index economic capital, accrue social capital and index cultural capital. Additionally, the quest for capital emphasises iconic forms of tourism and supersedes concerns about commodification. Research limitations/implications This paper demonstrates the important role of touristic practices not only in short-term mobility, but also for long-term migrants. Further research should investigate how capital shapes the touristic practices of other types of mobile consumers. Practical implications Understanding the capital-based benefits of touristic practices in acculturation informs the design of migrant settlement policy and the managerial staging of touristic experiences. Originality/value While theorists of liquid modernity have largely treated tourism as a discrete type of mobility, this paper reframes tourism as a key acculturation practice. In contrast to dominant conceptualisations of tourism as a quest for cultural authenticity, this paper reconceptualises tourism as a quest for capital. Finally, while previous studies have focused on how capital constrains acculturation outcomes, this paper explores how a consumption practice enables the expression and accumulation of capital.

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Ulimaz, M., N. A. Jordan, and D. N. Tufail. "Characteristics of the settlement brand index for improving environmental safety in Balikpapan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 623 (January 9, 2021): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/623/1/012058.

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Kato, Kikuya. "Algorithm for in vitro diagnostic multivariate index assay." Breast Cancer 16, no. 4 (July 8, 2009): 248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12282-009-0141-9.

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Siswandari, W., L. Rujito, V. Indriani, and W. Djatmiko. "Mentzer Index Diagnostic Value in Predicting Thalassemia Diagnosis." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 255 (May 10, 2019): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/255/1/012004.

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Silinis, Petras G., and Stewart W. Franks. "Development of a diagnostic index to guide Maintenance." Journal - American Water Works Association 95, no. 5 (May 2003): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2003.tb10365.x.

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Rahmafindari, Mirna, Paulus Budiono Notopuro, and Betty Agustina Tambunan. "Diagnostic Value of Myeloperoxidase Index in Bacterial Infections." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 27, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v27i2.1557.

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Infectious diseases remain a serious problem in Indonesia. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a substance released by neutrophils, which activates the synthesis of hypochlorous acid (HOCL) from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chloride ion (Cl-). Hypochlorous acid plays a vital role in the body's defense against infection. Myeloperoxidase Index (MPXI) is a parameter in the hematology analyzer Advia 2120i based on the principle of flow cytometry. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of MPXI in patients with bacterial infections. The study was a cross-sectional observational analysis. The samples consisted of a group of patients with bacterial infection and a group of healthy subjects. The specimens used in this study were whole blood + anticoagulant (EDTA) in a purple tube with a volume of 3 mL to determine the MPXI value in both groups using ADVIA 2120i hematology analyzer. The study subjects consisted of a group of patients with bacterial infections (69 patients) and a group of healthy subjects (33 people). Analysis of the MPXI ROC curve with a cut-off ≥ -5.8 and < -5.8, showed AUC of 0.323 (CI=95%, p=0.004), sensitivity of 34.8%, specificity of 39.4%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 54.5%, and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 22.4%. Due to its low diagnostic value, the MPXI value was not recommended to be used as a diagnostic instrument for bacterial infections. Also, further research was highly needed.

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Jiaxing, Zhou, Liu Lin, Li Hang, and Pei Dongmei. "Evaluation and analysis on suitability of human settlement environment in Qingdao." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 27, 2021): e0256502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256502.

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Human settlement environment is space places closely related to human production and life, and also surface spaces inseparable from human activities. As a coastal city in the east of China, Qingdao has a relatively high level of urbanization. However, it also along with many urban problems at the same time, among which the problem of human settlement environment has attracted more and more general attention from people. According to the characteristics of human settlement environment in Qingdao, the research constructs an index system with 10 index factors from natural factors and humanity factors, and proposes a comprehensive evaluation model. Evaluate and grade suitability of human settlement environment in Qingdao, explore the spatial aggregation and differentiation of the quality of human settlement environment, and reveal the internal connection of spatial evolution. The results indicate that the overall livability of Qingdao is relatively good, showing a multi-center and radial driving development. The distribution of livability is uneven, showing a decreasing spatial distribution law from the coast to the inland, and the quality of human settlement environment in Jiaozhou Bay and the coastal areas is relatively high. Qingdao is mainly based on natural livability, supplemented by humanity livability, compared with natural suitability, the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of humanity livability have experienced three stages: rising-contradictory rising-harmonious rising. The quality of human settlement environment has obvious spatial correlation and is positively correlated with the degree of agglomeration, and the agglomeration of blocks with a higher quality of human settlement environment is higher than that of blocks with a lower level. The rule of human settlement environment changing over time is that areas with high quality of human settlement environment begin to shift from the city center to the north and the south, transforming into multi-point development, and overall environmental suitability has been improved. According to the results of the comprehensive evaluation, combined with its local development status and policies, the research puts forward developmental suggestions for the construction of human settlement environment in Qingdao, and provides decision-making basis for relevant departments to solve the problem of deterioration of human settlement environment.

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Huang, Xiao, Cuizhen Wang, and Junyu Lu. "Understanding the spatiotemporal development of human settlement in hurricane-prone areas on the US Atlantic and Gulf coasts using nighttime remote sensing." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 19, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 2141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-2141-2019.

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Abstract. Hurricanes, as one of the most devastating natural hazards, have posed a great threat to people in coastal areas. A better understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of human settlement in hurricane-prone areas largely benefits sustainable development. This study uses the nighttime light (NTL) data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) to examine human settlement development in areas with different levels of hurricane proneness from 1992 to 2013. The DMSP/OLS NTL data from six satellites were intercalibrated and desaturated with the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) optical imagery to derive the Vegetation Adjusted NTL Urban Index (VANUI), a popular index that quantifies human settlement intensity. The derived VANUI time series was examined with the Mann–Kendall test and Theil–Sen test to identify significant spatiotemporal trends. To link the VANUI product to hurricane impacts, four hurricane-prone zones were extracted to represent different levels of hurricane proneness. Aside from geographic division, a wind-speed-weighted track density function was developed and applied to historical storm tracks which originated in the North Atlantic Basin to better categorize the four levels of hurricane proneness. Spatiotemporal patterns of human settlement in the four zones were finally analyzed. The results clearly exhibit a north–south and inland–coastal discrepancy of human settlement dynamics. This study also reveals that both the zonal extent and zonal increase rate of human settlement positively correlate with hurricane proneness levels. The intensified human settlement in high hurricane-exposure zones deserves further attention for coastal resilience.

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Marwasta, Djaka, and Muhamad Nurhidayat. "Thermal comfort and settlements quality for eco-settlement based management in Yogyakarta." E3S Web of Conferences 76 (2019): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20197605004.

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The aims of this research are to know the settlement quality and thermal comfort and to study the prospect of eco-settlement based settlement planning and management in Yogyakarta City. The research method is quantitative method by combines structured interview, field survey, and secondary data analysis. The settlement quality was obtained through satellite imagery processing and structured interview with purposive sampling technique. The thermal comfort of the settlement was obtained through temperature humidity index (THI) analysis, where the data was taken at the temperature and relative humidity on systematic random sampling (grid). Data analysis was done descriptively by looking at spatial aspect. The results of this research showed that the distribution pattern of settlement quality is spreading. The result of thermal comfort analysis showed that THI value was 27 to 29. It also showed that the whole area was included in the uncomfortable category. The direction of settlement arrangement based on eco-settlement in the study area was divided into ecological, socio-economic, and institutional aspects. The ecological aspect emphasis on the direction of green open space planning, environmental sanitation management, and waste management. The settlement arrangement of eco-settlement concept should be supported by a compatible institutional system and program.

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Yoon, Gil Lim, Byung Tak Kim, and Sang Soo Jeon. "Empirical correlations of compression index for marine clay from regression analysis." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 41, no. 6 (December 1, 2004): 1213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t04-057.

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Single and multiple regression models to estimate the compression index of marine clay in coastal areas in Korea were investigated based on soil property data from more than 1200 consolidation tests on undisturbed samples. Site-specific empirical correlations were proposed to estimate the compression index in terms of both single and multiple soil properties. The proposed regression equations were then compared with the existing empirical equations. It was found that the compression index predicted by a simple linear regression model involving the natural water content, natural void ratio, and liquid limit can reasonably evaluate the real soil compression index. These regression equations may allow a preliminary estimation of the ground settlement for marine clay. It was also recognized that the applications of empirical equations suggested in previous studies result in large uncertainties in estimating the compression index of marine clayey soil in the coastal zone in Korea.Key words: settlement, compression index, regression, statistical analysis, consolidation.

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Khelalfa, Houssam. "The consolidation matrix and the consolidation circle." Acta Geotechnica Slovenica 17, no. 2 (2020): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/actageotechslov.17.2.56-64.2020.

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In geotechnical engineering, the consolidation and settlement of structures are among the major problems an engineer must deal with. An appropriate estimation of a soil’s settlement is of significant importance, since it directly influences the performance of buildings and infrastructures that are built on soil.The compressibility characteristics of soils form one of the most important parameters required in the design of foundations. The compressibility behaviour of soils islargely dependent on the compression index, the properties and the parameters of the soil. A number of empirical correlations have been developed in the literature that aresupposedto connect the compression index to other soil parameters. The main objectives of this research were to study the relationships between the compression index (Cc) and the swelling index (Cs), and to investigate the effects of the natural void ratio (e0) and the over-consolidation ratio (OCR) on Cc and Cs, in order to combine them with the pre-compression stress (Pc), the consolidation duration (Tc) and the settlement (Su).Consequently, aconsolidation matrix and a consolidation circle are proposed, which gives us a new method and model to facilitate the calculations of the parameters involved in the soil consolidation, so as to summarize the consolidation phenomenon.

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Ardiansyah, Iqbal Nur, Nirmala Ayu Aryanti, and Hari Ahmadi. "BIRDS DISTRIBUTION IN PT EKOSISTEM KHATULISTIWA LESTARI, KUBU RAYA REGENCY, WEST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE." Media Konservasi 25, no. 3 (October 2, 2020): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/medkon.25.3.175-184.

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IUPHHK-RE PT Ekosistem Khatulistiwa Lestari is the habitat of various wildlife species, comprises of a restoration forest area surrounded by production forest and oil palm plantations. The threats of damages from illegal logging and land clearing activities tend to threaten the wildlife existence. Therefore, this study aims to determine the distribution and diversity of bird species in PT Ekosistem Khatulistiwa Lestari. The study was conducted from January - February 2019, and data collection was conducted using the IPA (Index Ponctualle deAbondance) method. Furthermore, data analysis used diversity index, evenness index, and species similarity with dendrogram analysis using SPSS 21. The results showed that the highest bird species were found in mangroves (32 species), old swamp scrubs (26 species), young swamp scrubs (24 species), plantations (13 species), and settlement (15 species) habitats. Meanwhile, the diversity index of bird species in the five habitat types is classified as medium diversity. Species evenness with the highest value is settlement (E = 0.93). The dendrogram image of the settlement area showed bird species, which can be found in the other four habitats. Keywords: diversity, bird distribution, West Borneo, dendrogram

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Mudau, Naledzani, and Paidamwoyo Mhangara. "Investigation of Informal Settlement Indicators in a Densely Populated Area Using Very High Spatial Resolution Satellite Imagery." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 23, 2021): 4735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094735.

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Automation of informal settlements detection using satellite imagery remains a challenging task in urban remote sensing. This is due to the fact that informal settlements vary in shape, size and spatial arrangement from one region to the other in some cases within a city. This paper investigated the methodology to detect informal settlements in a densely populated township by assessing informal settlement indicators observed from very high spatial resolution satellite imagery. We assessed twelve informal settlement indicators to determine the most effective indicators to distinguish between informal and informal classes. These indicators included the spectral indices first and second-order statistical measurements. In addition to the commonly used informal settlement indicators, we assessed the effectiveness of built-up area and iron cover. The GLCM textural measures performed poorly in separating informal and formal settlements compared to first-order statistics measurement and spectral indices. The built-up area index, coastal blue index and the first-order statistics mean measurements produced higher separability distance of informal and formal settlements. The iron index performed better in separating the two settlement types than the commonly used GLCM measure and NDVI. The proposed ruleset that uses the three features with the highest separability distance achieved producer and user accuracies of informal settlements of 95% and 82%, respectively. The results of this study will contribute towards developing methodologies to automatically detect informal settlements.

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Kuo, Bor-Chen, Hsiao-Shan Pai, and Jimmy de la Torre. "Modified Cognitive Diagnostic Index and Modified Attribute-Level Discrimination Index for Test Construction." Applied Psychological Measurement 40, no. 5 (March 28, 2016): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146621616638643.

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Song, Fan, Xiaohua Yang, and Feifei Wu. "Suitable Pattern of the Natural Environment of Human Settlements in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River." Atmosphere 10, no. 4 (April 12, 2019): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10040200.

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The human settlement environment is the object on which human survival depends. In this study, six single factor suitability models and a comprehensive index model of the human settlement natural environment were established. The six single factor models included topography, hydrology, vegetation, soil, temperature and humidity, and land surface temperature. This study took 1 km × 1 km as the pixel size and relied on the ArcGIS platform to systematically and quantitatively evaluate the human settlement environment of the lower reaches of the Yangtze river. The results show that: (1) From the evaluation results of single natural elements, the topography of the study area is relatively flat, with a small number of hydraulic erosion areas. Besides, there are significant differences between the north and the south in temperature and humidity, hydrology, vegetation, and land surface temperature. (2) In 2015, the most suitable areas of human settlement environment were mainly distributed in the plains along the Yangtze river, the plain of northern Zhejiang, and the Poyang plain. The most unsuitable areas are mainly distributed in mountainous areas, such as the mountain area of southern Zhejiang and Dabie mountain area. Topography and vegetation are the dominant factors for classification. (3) From the perspective of space, the score of the human settlement natural environment in Shanghai is above the average, and the best among the other provinces is Jiangsu province, while Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Anhui provinces have little difference. From the perspective of time, the overall level of the suitability in the lower reaches of the Yangtze river has been improved from 2005 to 2015, mainly due to the influence of temperature and humidity index and water resource index.

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AYU DEVI, KADEK FRISCA, KOMANG DHARMAWAN, and NI MADE ASIH. "ANALISIS PORTOFOLIO SAHAM LQ45 MENGGUNAKAN FUNGSI UTILITAS KUADRATIK." E-Jurnal Matematika 2, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2013.v02.i01.p025.

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Utility function can use to give risk preference for investors who want to get the benefits gained meets investment targets. Quadratic utility functions on optimal portfolio is strongly influenced by the expected return and standard deviation. The establishment of optimal portfolios using a quadratic utility function optimization problems. Under the settlement portfolio optimization, the necessary data is expected return, variance, and variance covariance matrix. The optimal portfolio is affected by some factors Risky less Rate, risk aversion index, and Borrow Rate. The results of settlement portfolio optimization is obtaining the utility value while the relatively large changes influencing by risk averse index.

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Morissette, Luc, Michel W. St-Louis, and Gordon C. McRostie. "Empirical settlement predictions in overconsolidated Champlain Sea clays." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 38, no. 4 (August 1, 2001): 720–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t01-006.

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Using settlement observations published for several embankments on marine clays of the Champlain Sea, an empirical model is proposed to estimate long-term settlements. The effect of the overconsolidation ratio is taken into consideration within the model. Footing- and raft-type foundation cases are considered to give guidelines when using the model for these foundation types. A specific embankment resting on a foundation of high water content clay with a high compressibility index demonstrates that a correction factor should be applied under these conditions.Key words: settlement, embankment, Champlain Sea clay, consolidation, empirical model.

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Starchenko, Oksana, and Evelyn J. Peters. "Aboriginal Settlement Patterns in Canadian Cities: Does the Classic Index-Based Approach Apply?" Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 40, no. 3 (March 2008): 676–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a39112.

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Rusdi, Muhammad, Muhammad Irham, Sugianto Sugianto, Ruhizal Roosli, Mohd Sanusi S Ahamad, and Yudi Haditiar. "Settlement suitability mapping based on the salinity index in the Banda Aceh City." Depik 10, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.10.1.18413.

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The availability of accurate land data is useful in planning, policymaking, regional development, and preserving the environment. Banda Aceh is the center of education and development in Aceh, Indonesia, which is located in the coastal area. The tsunami has had a significant impact on development and settlements in Banda Aceh. Currently, settlements in Banda Aceh rapidly grow also the need for land and water resources. Therefore, mapping the potential for residential land in Banda Aceh is required. This study examines land suitability in Banda Aceh based on the FAO salinity criteria and spatial data analysis by remote sensing methods. Based on the results, it is known that Banda Aceh has land suitable for settlement of around 85% or 2975 hectares. These areas are generally located close to watersheds and receive sufficient freshwater input. Meanwhile, areas far from rivers and close to the coast have brackish salinity. This area is not suitable as a residential area. There are about three sub-districts in Banda Aceh which are not suitable for settlement.Keywords:KrigingRemote sensingSettlementSalinity mappingCoastalBanda Aceh

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Abdelkader, Mahmood, Richard Sliuzas, Luc Boerboom, Ahmed Elseicy, and Jaap Zevenbergen. "Spatial and Temporal Human Settlement Growth Differentiation with Symbolic Machine Learning for Verifying Spatial Policy Targets: Assiut Governorate, Egypt as a Case Study." Remote Sensing 12, no. 22 (November 19, 2020): 3799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12223799.

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Since 2005, Egypt has a new land-use development policy to control unplanned human settlement growth and prevent outlying growth. This study assesses the impact of this policy shift on settlement growth in Assiut Governorate, Egypt, between 1999 and 2020. With symbolic machine learning, we extract built-up areas from Landsat images of 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 and a Landscape Expansion Index with a new QGIS plugin tool (Growth Classifier) developed to classify settlement growth types. The base year, 1999, was produced by the national remote sensing agency. After extracting the built-up areas from the Landsat images, eight settlement growth types (infill, expansion, edge-ribbon, linear branch, isolated cluster, proximate cluster, isolated scattered, and proximate scattered) were identified for four periods (1999:2005, 2005:2010, 2010:2015, and 2015:2020). The results show that prior to the policy shift of 2005, the growth rate for 1999–2005 was 11% p.a. In all subsequent periods, the growth rate exceeded the target rate of 1% p.a., though by varying amounts. The observed settlement growth rates were 5% (2005:2010), 7.4% (2010:2015), and 5.3% (2015:2020). Although the settlements in Assiut grew primarily through expansion and infill, with the latter growing in importance during the last two later periods, outlying growth is also evident. Using four class metrics (number of patches, patch density, mean patch area, and largest patch index) for the eight growth types, all types showed a fluctuated trend between all periods, except for expansion, which always tends to increase. To date, the policy to control human settlement expansion and outlying growth has been unsuccessful.

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Maeda, Kazuo. "Diagnostic Ultrasound Safety." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 2 (2014): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1353.

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ABSTRACT Ultrasound bioeffect is discussed from its physical property, i.e. thermal effect by thermal index, mechanical effect by mechanical index, and by the output intensity of ultrasound. Generally, thermal and mechanical indices should be lower than 1 in obstetrical setting, and threshold output intensity of no bioeffect is lower than SPTA 240 mW/cm2 in pulse wave. Pulsed Doppler ultrasound thermal and mechanical indices should be also lower than 1, and should be carefully used it in 11 to 13+6 weeks of pregnancy. Real-time B-mode, transvaginal scan, pulsed Doppler, 3D and 4D ultrasound were separately discussed in the ultrasound safety. Generally diagnostic ultrasound is safe for the fetus and embryo, if thermal and mechanical indices are lower than 1, and ultrasound devices are safe, if it is used under official limitation, e.g. the output intensity is less than SPTA 10 mW/cm2 in Japan. The ultrasound user is responsible ultrasound safety, e.g. higher thermal and mechanical indices than 1 should be lowered to be lower than 1, controlling the device output intensity. The user should learn bioeffects of ultrasound and prudent use of ultrasound under the ALARA principle. How to cite this article Maeda K, Kurjak A. Diagnostic Ultrasound Safety. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(2):178-183.

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Krivosheev, I. A., K. E. Rozhkov, and N. B. Simonov. "Complex Diagnostic Index for Technical Condition Assessment for GTE." Procedia Engineering 206 (2017): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.456.

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Benish, W. A. "Mutual Information as an Index of Diagnostic Test Performance." Methods of Information in Medicine 42, no. 03 (2003): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634358.

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Summary Objectives: This paper demonstrates that diagnostic test performance can be quantified as the average amount of information the test result (R) provides about the disease state (D). Methods: A fundamental concept of information theory, mutual information, is directly applicable to this problem. This statistic quantifies the amount of information that one random variable contains about another random variable. Prior to performing a diagnostic test, R and D are random variables. Hence, their mutual information, I(D;R), is the amount of information that R provides about D. Results: I(D;R) is a function of both 1) the pretest probabilities of the disease state and 2) the set of conditional probabilities relating each possible test result to each possible disease state. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) is a popular measure of diagnostic test performance which, in contrast to I(D;R), is independent of the pretest probabilities; it is a function of only the set of conditional probabilities. The AUC is not a measure of diagnostic information. Conclusions: Because I(D;R) is dependent upon pretest probabilities, knowledge of the setting in which a diagnostic test is employed is a necessary condition for quantifying the amount of information it provides. Advantages of I(D;R) over the AUC are that it can be calculated without invoking an arbitrary curve fitting routine, it is applicable to situations in which multiple diagnoses are under consideration, and it quantifies test performance in meaningful units (bits of information).

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Dahabreh, Issa J., Katerina Zoi, Stavroula Giannouli, Christine Zoi, Dimitrios Loukopoulos, and Michael Voulgarelis. "Is JAK2 V617F mutation more than a diagnostic index?" Leukemia Research 33, no. 1 (January 2009): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2008.06.006.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Diagnostic index of settlement'

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