Journal articles: 'Diagnosis of bones'

1

Jeanty, P., S. R. Silva, and C. Turner. "Prenatal diagnosis of wormian bones." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 19, no. 12 (December 2000): 863–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7863/jum.2000.19.12.863.

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Corazza, Gino Roberto, Michele Di Stefano, Eduardo Mauriño, and Julio C. Bai. "Bones in coeliac disease: diagnosis and treatment." Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 19, no. 3 (June 2005): 453–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2005.01.002.

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Palarie, Victor Petru. "The Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasal Bones Fractures." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 65, no. 9 (September 2007): 33.e6–33.e7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2007.06.203.

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Casu, Cinzia. "Central Giant Cell Granuloma: A Narrative Review of Radiological Features and Differential Diagnosis." General medicine and Clinical Practice 3, no. 2 (September 16, 2020): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2639-4162/030.

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The Central Giant Cell Granuloma is an uncommon lesion, accounting less than 7% of all benign jaw lesions. In 1953, Jaffe was the first to describe these lesions as a giant cell reparative granuloma of the jaw bones, and in 1971, thanks to Pindborg and Kramer, it was included in the current nomenclature. The aetiology of CGCG is unknown, there is also a peripheral type that some authors consider the most common in maxillary bones. WHO defines CGCG as an intraosseous lesion consisting of cellular fibrous tissue that contains multiple foci of hemorrhage, aggregations of multinucleated giant cells, and some trabeculae of woven bone. The radiographic appearance of CGCGs is not pathognomonic. CGCGs should be differentiated from other lesions of the jaws such as Brown’s tumour of hyperparathyroidism, fibrous dysplasia, aneurysmal bone cysts, giant cell tumours, fibro-osseous lesions, and other malignancies that arise in the jaw bones. Furthermore, it needs to be differentiated even from some genetic syndromes, such as Cherubism, type 1-neurofibromatosis and Noonan’s syndrome. The aim of this study is to focus on radiographic features of CGCG in order to achieve an appropriate tool for diagnosis.

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Watanabe, Ken-ichi, Toshihiko Kikuchi, Yukio Katori, Hiroko Fujiwara, Reiji Sugita, Tomonori Takasaka, and Sho Hashimoto. "The usefulness of computed tomography in the diagnosis of impacted fish bones in the oesophagus." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 112, no. 4 (April 1998): 360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100140460.

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AbstractThe usefulness of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of fish bone impaction in the oesophagus was evaluated. Thirty-two patients were examined by plain X-ray followed by direct oesophagoscopy for suspected fish bone impaction. Among 25 cases in which fish bones were actually removed, foreign bodies were not clearly demonstrated by plain X-ray in 14 cases (56 per cent). Eleven cases underwent CT prior to the oesophagoscopic examination. Fish bones were clearly demonstrated by CT in all patients. CT also clearly visualized secondarily-induced inflammatory changes in the neighbouring structures. In order to confirm this result, we made a simulation model of oesophageal fish bone impaction, using fish bones of three different species surrounded by a water bag. In comparison with plain X-ray, CT depicted a superior image of fine fish bones and provides extremely useful information for the management of impacted fish bones in the oesophagus.

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G., V. "Differential diagnosis of pelvic exudates and tumors." Kazan medical journal 20, no. 8 (August 11, 2021): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj76970.

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Stembalska, Agnieszka, Małgorzata Rydzanicz, Magdalena Klaniewska, Lech Dudarewicz, Agnieszka Pollak, Mateusz Biela, Piotr Stawinski, Rafal Ploski, and Robert Smigiel. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Jeune Syndrome Caused by Compound Heterozygous Variants in DYNC2H1 Gene—Case Report with Rapid WES Procedure and Differential Diagnosis of Lethal Skeletal Dysplasias." Genes 13, no. 8 (July 27, 2022): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13081339.

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Skeletal dysplasias (SDs) are a large, heterogeneous group of mostly genetic disorders that affect the bones and cartilage, resulting in abnormal growth and development of skeletal structures. The high clinical and genetic diversity in SDs cause difficulties in prenatal diagnosis. To establish a correct prognosis and better management, it is very important to distinguish SDs with poor life-limiting prognosis or lethal SDs from other ones. Bad prognosis in foetuses is assessed on the basis of the size of the thorax, lung volumes, long bones’ length, bones’ echogenicity, bones’ angulation or presented fractures, and the concomitant presence of non-immune hydrops or visceral abnormalities. To confirm SD diagnosis and perform family genetic consultation, rapid molecular diagnostics are needed; therefore, the NGS method using a panel of genes corresponding to SD or whole-exome sequencing (WES) is commonly used. We report a case of a foetus showing long bones’ shortening and a narrow chest with short ribs, diagnosed prenatally with asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, also known as Jeune syndrome (ATD; OMIM 208500), caused by compound heterozygous variants in the DYNC2H1 gene, identified by prenatally performed rapid-WES analysis. The missense variants in the DYNC2H1 gene were inherited from the mother (c.7289T>C; p.Ile2430Thr) and from the father (c.12716T>G; p.Leu4239Arg). The DYNC2H1 gene is one of at least 17 ATD-associated genes. This disorder belongs to the ninth group of SD, ciliopathies with major skeletal involvement. An extremely narrow, bell-shaped chest, and abnormalities of the kidneys, liver, and retinas were observed in most cases of ATD. Next to lethal and severe forms, clinically mild forms have also been reported. A diagnosis of ATD is important to establish the prognosis and management for the patient, as well as the recurrence risk for the family.

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Schalch, Paul, and Jason H. Kim. "3D CT for Diagnosis of Facial/Mandibular Fractures." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.098.

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Objective To describe how the use of 3-D reformatted computer tomographic (CT) images increases the accuracy of diagnosis of facial and mandibular fractures and influences surgical planning. Methods Retrospective review of 20 patients with facial and/or mandibular fractures between 2005 and 2006, diagnosed with CT facial bones (axial and coronal images and 3-D renderings). The study was conducted at a university- affiliated institution. Standard CT facial bones protocol consisting of 1.5mm contiguous axial and coronal sections were performed on a 40-slice scanner (Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, OH). 3-D reconstructions were then obtained. Scans were reviewed by the consulting surgeon. Pre-operative diagnoses were confirmed intraoperatively. Results Patient mean age was 31 years (17–46). Pre-operative diagnoses included: 18 mandible fractures, 8 zygomatico-maxillary/orbital floor, and 4 midface fractures. Mechanisms of injury included assault, motor-vehicle accidents, sports- and work-related injuries, and falls. Diagnosis and surgical planning was influenced in 1/3 of fractures after reviewing 3-D reformatted images. 3-D reformatting did not add any cost to the CT scans performed, did not expose patients to additional radiation, nor did it significantly increase the time to obtain the study. Conclusions 3-D CT reformatting is an inexpensive, easy-to-obtain diagnostic imaging modality that increases the accuracy of diagnosis and helps improve planning of surgical repair of facial and mandibular fractures.

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Stankovic, Milan, Ivica Lalic, Aleksandar Djuricin, and Nemanja Gvozdenovic. "Isolated metastasis of lung cancer to carpal bones." Vojnosanitetski pregled 74, no. 11 (2017): 1078–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp151126296s.

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Introduction. Lung cancer often gives metastases in the bone system, of which the wrist accounts for 0.1% and the bones of the wrist are primarily affected in only 17% of cases. We presented a patient with the delayed diagnosis and a rare localization of isolated metastases of lung cancer to carpal bones which ended with upper arm amputation. Case report. A 56-year-old, a laborer, healthy, smoker, coughing for decades with occasional expectoration, hoarseness, during the last 3 months felt pain in his right wrist. He denied trauma. Physical examination led to the diagnosis of tendovaginitis of the hand. He visited a physiatrist and began treatment. After the therapy, symptoms were partially decreased and later began to worsen with symptoms of the median nerve compression. The neurologist diagnosed it as the carpal tunnel syndrome. The patient?s condition worsened and he was sent to the Emergency Center of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia with the diagnosis of arthritis of the wrist. The final diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma with isolated metastasis to bone tissue was made with a biopsy of the tumor and examination by an oncologist. Primary tumor localization was diagnosed with a computed tomography (CT) scan and skeletal scintigraphy. The patient underwent upper arm amputation and was sent to an oncologist. Conclusion. Carefully taken anamnesis, detailed general and local examination, and frequent monitoring of patients could help make a correct diagnosis of this rare localization of the lung cancer, before the spreading process and the occurrence of severe complications.

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Vaish, Abhishek, Raju Vaishya, Lokesh Kumar Singh, and Vikas Kashyap. "Langerhans cell histiocytosis of a metatarsal bone in an adult female." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 10 (October 2019): e231343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-231343.

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Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) commonly occurs in children. It mimics infection and many benign and malignant tumours. This disease mainly involves the spine, skull and long bones, and its incidence is sporadic in the small bones of the foot and hand. We could not find any case reports with the involvement of a metatarsal bone, and hence, awareness about its possibility is essential to suspect it as a differential diagnosis of lytic lesions in the foot bones and therefore treat it judiciously. We have reported a case of a 35-year-old woman with spontaneous onset of pain over her right foot for the last year. An extensive curettage was performed, where the histology confirmed the features of LCH. Awareness about this entity and its differential diagnosis may help to clinch and early diagnosis and to treat effectively.

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Vasic, Ljiljana. "Osteolysis of hand bones due to metastatic deposits from colon cancer: A case report." Medical review 63, no. 9-10 (2010): 719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1010719v.

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Despite the availability of an efficient screening protocol review, colon cancer is a leading health problem of the world population. At the time of diagnosis about 25% of cases have distant metastases. Distant metastases are most frequently metastases in the liver, lungs, brain, but they are rare in the bones. An early diagnosis of secondary deposits in the bones of the hand can be very difficult. The symptoms are subclinical or similar to other bone diseases. They appear in the advanced disease, and treatment is palliative. The treatment (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery) is determined according to the general condition of the patient and the localization of the lesion. Radiotherapy can reduce tumor mass and reduce pain especially among patients with multiple lesions or inoperable ones. The aim of this paper was to: (1) present a case of secondary deposits of adenocarcinoma of the colon in the hand bones, (2) present the incidence, (3) give differential diagnoses and (4) describe the air treatment by unconventional regime of fractionation. The approach to the treatment of metastatic hands must be multidisciplinary including an orthopedist, radiologist, oncologist and pathologist. It is important to know the importance of early recognition of these lesions.

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Wyatt, Eleanor, Martina Piviani, Andrew F. Rich, Jeremy Raphael Mortier, Eithne Comerford, and Riccardo Finotello. "Osteosarcoma affecting multiple bones in a dog." Veterinary Record Case Reports 7, no. 3 (September 2019): e000881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreccr-2019-000881.

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A 9 years and 5 months old, neutered male, Rottweiler was presented for referral at the Small Animal Teaching Hospital, University of Liverpool, for investigations following a fracture of the left femur, which had occurred after minor trauma. Radiographs at the primary veterinary practice revealed a closed, slightly displaced, comminuted, proximal diaphyseal fracture, which had cortical thinning around the fracture site, suggestive of a pathological fracture. Advanced imaging (computed tomography) revealed polyostotic osteolytic lesions which contained contrast enhancing, soft tissue attenuating tissue, associated with cortical destruction throughout the appendicular and axial skeleton. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates of four lesions (right scapular, right femoral, left pelvic and vertebral lesions) were assessed by a boarded clinical pathologist, confirmed diagnosis of a polyostotic osteosarcoma. The patient was euthanased and postmortem examination confirmed the diagnosis.

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13

Snetkov, A. I. "Diagnosis of genetic forms of rickets in children." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 1, no. 3 (September 15, 1994): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto105072.

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Results of examinations of 121 children with genetic forms of rickets were used to develop criteria for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of vitamin D-resistant and vitamin D-dependent rickets, renal tubilar acidosis, and de ToniDebreFanconi's disease. The severity of genetic forms of rickets was found related to manifestation of metabolic disorders. 'Triggering mechanisms of mineral metabolism disorders in a child's body were revealed, which were related to abnonnal vitamin D metabolism in cases with vitamin D-resistant and negatice rickets and to genetic defects of the proximal and distal renal canaliculi. Roentgenography of skeletal bones helped detect a number of important symptoms characteristic of osteomalacia, osteoporosis, osteosclerosis, and combinations thereof. Roentgenography of the hand with magnification x34 demonstrated a high informative value of the method and confirmed the similarity of structural disorders in the bones of the hand and other skeletal zones.

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Shekhtman, A. P., and D. V. Rogozhin. "Morphological diagnosis of chondroid tumors of skull bones: аctual situation." Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skin 13, no. 1 (June 3, 2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/2070-9781-2021-13-1-32-40.

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Cranial chondroid tumors are a large group of benign and malignant neoplasms. The histological diagnosis plays a crucial role for treatment of patients with this pathology, especially, for cases of tumors with uncertain malignancy such as atypical cartilaginous tumor / chondrosarcoma grade I. There is no description of a unified concept of morphological diagnosis of atypical cartilaginous tumor / chondrosarcoma grade I with cranial localization in the current medical literature today. In this article we tried to reflect the actual state of the problem and emphasize the relevance of standardization of criteria for the histological assessment of cranial chondroid tumors.

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Fastykovskaya, E. D. "Differential X-ray diagnosis of diseases of bones and joints." Kazan medical journal 67, no. 4 (July 15, 1986): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj70569.

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16

Czerwinski, E. "Morphometric measurements of forearm bones in the diagnosis of fluorosis." Bone 19, no. 3 (September 1996): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s8756-3282(96)90753-x.

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CZERWINSKI, E. "Morphometric measurements of forearm bones in the diagnosis of fluorosis." Bone 19, no. 3 (September 1996): 136S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(96)89283-0.

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Srisukkham, Worawut, Li Zhang, Siew Chin Neoh, Stephen Todryk, and Chee Peng Lim. "Intelligent leukaemia diagnosis with bare-bones PSO based feature optimization." Applied Soft Computing 56 (July 2017): 405–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2017.03.024.

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Oestreich, Alan E. "Radiologische Diagnostik des Gesichtsschädels[Radiologic diagnosis of the facial bones]." Radiology 156, no. 1 (July 1985): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.156.1.104.

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van Bergen, Christiaan J. A. "Advances in Pediatric Fracture Diagnosis and Treatment Are Numerous but Great Challenges Remain." Children 9, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 1489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9101489.

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Kaptan, Çağrı, and Halil Atmaca. "Osteoblastoma of the Os Capitatum." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/241716.

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An osteoblastoma is a primary benign bone tumor, which is rarely seen in hand bones. Osteoblastoma is generally seen in spine, pelvis, and long bones. However, there are a few case reports of osteoblastoma in wrist and hand bones. To our knowledge, up to now, only one male patient with osteoblastoma in capitate bone was reported. We report the first female case of osteoblastoma of capitate bone and discuss diagnosis and treatment.

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S, Kakarla. "Imaging in ischemia of bone – A pictorial essay." Journal of Medical and Scientific Research 9, no. 2 (April 19, 2021): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2021/9-17.

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Ischemia of bone is not uncommon and is not recognized clinically unless it is acute. Ischemia of bone marrow in shafts of long bones goes by the name of infarction and is well recognized. Ischemia of epiphysis, small bones and subarticular ends of bones goes by the name of avascular necrosis and ischemia of cortical bone goes by the name of Osteosclerosis. The imaging features of these three entities are described with differential diagnosis wherever necessary.

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Jamrozik, Zygmunt, Grzegorz Rosiak, Biruta Kierdaszuk, Krzysztof Milczarek, Anna Kamińska, Dorota Dziewulska, and Antoni Krzeski. "Intraosseous Lipoma of the Sphenoid: A Case Study." Case Reports in Neurological Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/519341.

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Intraosseous lipoma is very rare, usually benign tumor of flat bones. However, the localization in skull bones is described in sporadic cases. The differential diagnosis includes end stage of infection, infarct lesions, intraosseous meningioma, angiolipoma, or myxofibrous tumors. We report a patient with intraosseous lipoma located in the sphenoid bone. The diagnosis was established due to the characteristic radiological features. According to the history of seizures, the lesion was removed via endoscopic endonasal approach. Histopathological examination showed adipocytes. The patient underwent control neuroimaging studies.

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Hart-Elcock, L., H. W. Leipold, and R. Baker. "Hereditary Bovine Syndactyly: Diagnosis in Bovine Fetuses." Veterinary Pathology 24, no. 2 (March 1987): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588702400207.

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Diagnostic guidelines were established for progeny testing of hereditary bovine syndactyly. Through the use of superovulation and embryo transfer, 139 fetuses were recovered at 50 to 77 days gestation. Normal (+/+, +/sy) and syndactylous (sy/sy) anatomy of Holstein fetuses was denned, and the accuracy of macroscopic versus microscopic limb diagnosis was assessed. Chondrification and ossification differences between normal (+/+, +/sy) and syndactylous (sy/sy) fetuses were only age-related. Normal (+/+, +/sy) fetal limbs differed from normal (+/+, +/sy) adult bovine limbs in two ways. Fetal metacarpal and metatarsal III and IV bones were not fused, and fetal metacarpal and metatarsal II and V bones often extended up to three-fourths the length of metacarpal and metatarsal III and IV bones. In syndactylous (sy/sy) fetuses, synostosis asymmetries occurred within and between fetal limbs, and between fetuses, representing variable gene expressivity. Synostosis pattern within limbs did not correspond with those of the adult bovine; the second phalangeal pair was synostotic most frequently in the fetus, followed by the first, and then the third pair. Synostosis patterns between fetal limbs agreed with those of the adult; there was a right-left and front-rear limb gradient. Partial synostoses occurred sporadically in all three paired phalanges. Those of the first and third pair always involved the tip closest to the second phalangeal pair. A unique example of variable gene expressivity occurred in one syndactylous fetus. Both front limbs were syndactylous, while both rear limbs were normal grossly. Microscopically the right rear limb was normal while the left rear limb consisted of closely apposed phalangeal blastemata without coalescence. This supported the theory that syndactyly resulted from fusion rather than nondivision of blastemata. There was not 100% accuracy in macroscopic limb diagnosis of fetuses derived from progeny testing for bovine hereditary syndactyly; discrepencies occurred in limbs with partial phalangeal synostoses and in the limb with closely apposed phalangeal blastemata. Therefore, it is recommended that all fetuses undergo macroscopic and microscopic limb examination before a final diagnosis is reached and recommendations for breeding programs are made.

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Yoon, Gil Ho, Yeon-Jun Woo, Seong-Gyu Sim, Dong-Yoon Kim, and Se Jin Hwang. "Investigation of bone fracture diagnosis system using transverse vibration response." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 235, no. 5 (March 11, 2021): 597–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411921997575.

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In this study, a new diagnostic system is developed to easily identify bone fractures in non-medical environments. It is difficult to determine the extent of cracks, fractures, and the healing process inside humans owing to the differences among people and limitations of state-of-the-art medical devices. Thus, various medical techniques, such as X-ray, computed tomography, or fork tuning systems have been developed, and more advanced technologies are emerging in the medical engineering field. In hazardous circumstances, medical devices to detect bone fracture are not available or cannot be easily applied. Thus, there is a need for the rapid detection of bone fractures without medical devices. To this end, this study analyzes the transverse vibration responses of bones because bone fractures cause different mechanical vibration reactions. By comparing the transverse vibration responses of both healthy and fractured bones, the modal assurance criterion can be calculated and applied to detect the existence of bone fractures. The transverse vibration responses at low and high frequencies are different and exhibit different modal assurance criteria depending on whether or not they are abnormal. Then, the virtual spectrogram of the differences between the signals from non-fractured and fractured bones is calculated. With the help of the present criterion with transverse vibration data, this difference can be analyzed quantitatively and effectively. To validate the proposed system, experiments with artificial specimens, animal legs, and a cadaver are performed.

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Ayupov, Zh V., L. E. Mikusev, Kh Kh Khismatov, A. Sh Faiziev, and A. V. Gorshkov. "Diagnosis of traumatic damages hand fingers in ambulant practice." Kazan medical journal 78, no. 2 (April 15, 1997): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj81366.

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The methods used in manual therapy are suggested to improve traumatic damage diagnosis of fingers and metacarpal bones of hand in ambulant practice. Reduction of the terms and cost of examination, the number of cases of hyperdiagnosis of fractures and unjustified roentgenographies is gained.

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Gilyazutdinov, I. A., M. K. Mikhailov, and F. Z. Mindubaeva. "Importance of craniography in the diagnosis of neuroendocrinal syndromes and central genesis diseases." Kazan medical journal 74, no. 4 (August 15, 1993): 288–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj71446.

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As many as 681 patients with syndromes of scleropolycystosis of ovaries, amenorrhea, galactorrhea, oligonorrhea, lutein phase deficiency, climacteric, hypothalamic genesis obesity and sterility, precancer and cancer of endometrium, and body of the womb are observed. Calcium metabolism is examined in some patients. The frequency of the changes of bones of the vault and base of the skull in the above mentioned states (signs of endocraniosis, en docrinopathy, intracranial hypertension as well as calcification of the pineal gland) is given,, It is stated that patients with ncuroendocrii. Syndromes manifest phosphoric-calcium metabolism violation and structural changes of bones of the skull.

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Castillo, Mauricio, Jamshid Tehranzadeh, Latifa Ghandur-Mnaymneh, and Walid Mnaymneh. "Hemangiosarcoma of the Left Foot and Tibia: Case Report." Foot & Ankle 9, no. 1 (August 1988): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110078800900110.

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A case of a hemangiosarcoma involving the bones of the foot in a diabetic patient who had swelling of the left foot is reported. Radiographs demonstrated multiple lytic areas throughout the bones of the foot. Clinically and radiographically, infection was suspected, but the biopsy revealed the presence of tumor. Metastases to the tibia were found and an above the knee amputation was performed. Chemotherapy was given, but 6 months later the patient died. Hemangiosarcoma is known to involve the different bones of the foot in a “multicentric” fashion and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lytic lesions of multiple bones of the lower extremities.

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Yatsenko, I. V., S. A. Tkachuk, L. V. Busol, M. M. Bondarevsky, I. V. Zabarna, and I. A. Biben. "X-ray densitometric indices of proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular pelvic limb bones as criteria for age diagnosis of cattle in forensic veterinary expertise." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 10, no. 2 (May 9, 2019): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021929.

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Morphological parameters of biological material are extremely informative in diagnostic studies, in particular, to determine the species, sex, time of death, the term of burial. The most informative object for these tasks is the skeleton, because changes in the bones are stored for a long time, while soft tissue is subjected to rotting. Bone tissue is the most durable, but at the same time, it is very labile and reacts to all metabolic processes in the body. The object of the study was proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bone of the pelvic limb of cattle ranging in age from newborn to 12 years old. Radiography of the proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones of the pelvic limb was performed on the Arman apparatus. The bones were subjected to X-ray in the lateromedial projection. The inner and outer sections of the tubular bone were determined. The mathematical modeling of the interaction of X-rays and the cortical layer of bones of fingers (proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular) of cattle was carried out in this work. It is established that this process is described by Bouger's law. The physico-mathematical model of proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones has been calculated, on the basis of which it was possible to calculate the X-ray densitometric indices of these bones of cattle. The age features of dynamics of X-ray densitometric indices of the proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones were established and a method of determining the age of cattle according to this criterion was proposed. A mathematical model for the proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones of the pelvic limbs of cattle that can be applied in X-ray densitometry uses: for the average third proximal phalanx – section of heterogeneous tubular structure modeled by a semicircle; for a medial phalanx bone – a section of a triangular shape; for the ungular bone – a heterogeneous structure, the plantar surface is inscribed in a rectangle. The process of interaction of X-rays with the bone structure of the examined pelvic limb bones can be described by Bouguer's law. The developed mathematical modeling of this interaction and the algorithm for its analysis is the basis for determining the age of cattle for X-ray densitometric indices of the proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones of pelvic limbs. By X-ray densitometry of the proximal phalanx and medial phalanx bones of the pelvic limbs extremities one can diagnose the age of bovine animals from birth to 5 years, but according to ungular bones – from birth to 10 years. X-ray densitometry of medial phalanx and ungular bones of pelvic limbs can be used for diagnosing bovine cattle in a complex with other morphological, chemical and physical methods of investigation.

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Satya Sueningrat, Anak Agung Ngurah Bagus. "Diagnosis dan Penanganan Kraniosinostosis." Cermin Dunia Kedokteran 48, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 718–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v48i12.170.

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Kraniosinostosis mengacu pada penutupan prematur satu atau lebih sutura tulang tengkorak. Akibatnya terjadi deformitas bentuk kepala karena kompensasi pertumbuhan sejajar dengan sutura yang menyatu. Insiden kraniosinostosis primer sekitar 1 per 2.000 kelahiran; penyebabnya sebagian besar belum diketahui. Diagnosis berdasarkan gambaran klinis yaitu mengecilnya ukuran tengkorak dan adanya perubahan bentuk tengkorak seiring dengan fusi sutura. Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of one or more sutures that normally divide the skull bones. The result is a deformity of the head shape due to compensated growth parallel to the fused sutures. The incidence of primary craniosynostosis is approximately 1 per 2,000 births and the cause is mostly still unknown. Diagnosis is based on clinical features of skull size decrease and changes in skull shape with suture fusion.

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Li, Lilun, Bryan Ward, Margaret Cocks, Amir Kheradmand, and Howard W. Francis. "IgG4-Related Disease of Bilateral Temporal Bones." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 126, no. 3 (October 11, 2016): 236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489416672476.

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Objective: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an idiopathic inflammatory condition that causes pseudotumor formation in single or multiple organs, including those of the head and neck. Temporal bone involvement is rare, with only 3 cases of unilateral temporal bone IgG4-RD described in the literature. We report the first known case of IgG4-RD of bilateral temporal bones and describe its clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: The patient was a 52-year-old man with latent tuberculosis (TB) who presented with a 10-year history of bilateral profound hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated bilateral labyrinthine destruction with invasion of the posterior fossa. Results: Immunoglobulin level testing showed elevated total serum IgG levels with normal IgG4 levels. Bilateral mastoidectomies were performed, with biopsy samples demonstrating IgG4 staining with IgG4-positive plasma cells up to 40/HPF (high power field) on the right and 20/HPF on the left, consistent with bilateral IgG4-RD. Conclusion: IgG4-RD of bilateral temporal bones presents with chronic and progressive bilateral hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. Clinical presentation and radiologic findings are nonspecific, and definitive diagnosis must be made with histopathology and immunostaining. Corticosteroids are therapeutic, but surgical resection may be necessary for temporal bone IgG4-RD to improve long-term remission.

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Yusupov, Shokhrukh, Shukhrat Boymuradov, Bakhtiyar Narmurotov, Yoqubjon Qurbonov, and Maftuna Shukhratova. "COMPLEX REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH COMBINED TRAUMA OF THE FACIAL SKELETAL." International Journal of Medical Sciences And Clinical Research 03, no. 04 (April 1, 2023): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijmscr/volume03issue04-11.

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The review article analyzes the literature data on the incidence, diagnosis and complex treatment of combined fractures of the bones of the facial skeleton. Despite a significant number of works, literature data concerning the complex treatment of patients with combined fractures of the facial bones, changes at the level of the microcirculatory bed after injury, in the early stages after surgery, have not been sufficiently studied, which allows us to focus scientific research on improving the complex treatment of combined fractures of the bones of the facial skeleton. taking into account hemostatic parameters.

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&NA;. "Which drug builds stronger bones?" Nursing 37, no. 2 (February 2007): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-200702000-00021.

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HETZELL, CAROLE B. "New help for old bones." Nursing 35, no. 5 (May 2005): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-200505000-00015.

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&NA;. "Yearly dose keeps bones strong." Nursing 37, no. 7 (July 2007): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nurse.0000279415.53987.a8.

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Xiong, Yan, and Jiatang Cheng. "Application of Bare-bones Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Generator Fault Diagnosis." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 15, no. 1 (February 2022): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096514666211215143628.

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Background: The generator is a mechanical device that converts other forms of energy into electrical energy. It is widely used in industrial and agricultural production and daily life. Methods: To improve the accuracy of generator fault diagnosis, a fault classification method based on the bare-bones cuckoo search (BBCS) algorithm combined with an artificial neural network is proposed. For this BBCS method, the bare-bones strategy and the modified Levy flight are combined to alleviate premature convergence. After that, the typical fault features are obtained according to the vibration signal and current signal of the generator, and a hybrid diagnosis model based on the back-propagation (BP) neural network optimized by the proposed BBCS algorithm is established. Results: Experimental results indicate that BBCS exhibits better convergence performance in terms of solution quality and convergence rate. Furthermore, the hybrid diagnosis method has higher classification accuracy and can effectively identify generator faults. Conclusion: The proposed method seems effective for generator fault diagnosis.

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Papagelopoulos, Panayiotis J., Andreas F. Mavrogenis, Evanthia C. Galanis, Olga D. Savvidou, Carrie Y. Inwards, and Franklin H. Sim. "Clinicopathological Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Adamantinoma of the Long Bones." Orthopedics 30, no. 3 (March 1, 2007): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01477447-20070301-04.

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Strouhal, Eugen. "Myeloma multiplex versus osteolytic metastatic carcinoma: Differential diagnosis in dry bones." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 1, no. 3-4 (September 1991): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.1390010314.

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Saeed, Ifra, Ayesha Yousaf, and Muhammad Musharaf Baig. "A Radiographic Study on Prevalence of Sesamoid Bones of Feet in residents of Rawalpindi/Islamabad." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i4.1452.

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Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate distribution, prevalence, number and the commonest site of the sesamoid bones of foot in adult residents of Rawalpindi/Islamabad Material and Methods: Study Type: Descriptive Observational Cross-sectional Study Material and methods: Total of hundred patients were selected from the outpatient department of Radiology Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi and SON-X Laboratory, Saidpur road Rawalpindi. Fifty were male and fifty were females. Anteroposterior and lateral view of foot radiographs were taken and studied for the prevalence, number and relationship of sesamoid bones to metatarsophalangeal joints in feet. Results: 2 to 4 sesamoid bones were observed in single foot. Total number in both feet ranged from 4 to 8 bones. Radiographs of male patients showed increased number of sesamoid bones as compared to female patients. 34 out of fifty male patients (68%) had 4 bones. 14 (28%) had 5 bones. 4 (8 %) had 6 bone 7 bones were observed in1 (2%) subject, 1(2%) male subject showed 8 sesamoid bones. However, none of the females had more than six bones. 44 (88%) had 4 sesamoid bones, 3 (6%) of the female had 5 and 3(6%) had 6 sesamoid bones Conclusion: This study provides data that could assist orthopedic surgeons, radiologists and neurophysicians in diagnosis and treatment of sesamoid bone disorders, which are common in patients with discomfort and pain in feet.

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Saeed, Ifra, Ayesha Yousaf, and Muhammad Musharaf Baig. "A Radiographic Study on Prevalence of Sesamoid Bones of Feet in residents of Rawalpindi/Islamabad." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i4.1452.

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Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate distribution, prevalence, number and the commonest site of the sesamoid bones of foot in adult residents of Rawalpindi/Islamabad Material and Methods: Study Type: Descriptive Observational Cross-sectional Study Material and methods: Total of hundred patients were selected from the outpatient department of Radiology Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi and SON-X Laboratory, Saidpur road Rawalpindi. Fifty were male and fifty were females. Anteroposterior and lateral view of foot radiographs were taken and studied for the prevalence, number and relationship of sesamoid bones to metatarsophalangeal joints in feet. Results: 2 to 4 sesamoid bones were observed in single foot. Total number in both feet ranged from 4 to 8 bones. Radiographs of male patients showed increased number of sesamoid bones as compared to female patients. 34 out of fifty male patients (68%) had 4 bones. 14 (28%) had 5 bones. 4 (8 %) had 6 bone 7 bones were observed in1 (2%) subject, 1(2%) male subject showed 8 sesamoid bones. However, none of the females had more than six bones. 44 (88%) had 4 sesamoid bones, 3 (6%) of the female had 5 and 3(6%) had 6 sesamoid bones Conclusion: This study provides data that could assist orthopedic surgeons, radiologists and neurophysicians in diagnosis and treatment of sesamoid bone disorders, which are common in patients with discomfort and pain in feet.

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Khashaba, Ahmad, Giuseppe De Donato, Gabriele Vassallo, Mauro Landolfi, Alessandra Russo, Abdelkader Taibah, and Mario Sanna. "Benign osteoblastoma of the mastoid part of the temporal bone: case report." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 109, no. 6 (June 1995): 565–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100130737.

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AbstractOsteoblastoma is a benign bone lesion that mainly affects the long bones and rarely the temporal bones. Very few cases have been reported in the literature. This paper reviews the literature, discusses the differential diagnosis, clinical presentation, and CT scan findings of such a condition and details our experience with a young patient who had a temporal bone (mastoid process) osteoblastoma.

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Skryabin, Evgeny G., and Mikhail A. Akselrov. "Fractures of long tubular bones in newborns: mechanisms of injuries, methods of diagnosis, and treatment." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 6, no. 4 (December 28, 2018): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors6470-76.

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Background. Medical information on the provision of emergency trauma care to newborns with fractures of tubular bones is scarce. Aim. This scientific review aimed to inform children's orthopedic traumatologists regarding the main mechanisms of injury, methods of diagnosis, and treatment of fractures of long tubular bones in newborns. Material and methods. The article presents a systematic analysis of 60 scientific works of domestic and foreign authors on topical aspects of fractures of long tubular bones in newborns from 1986 to 2018. For writing the literature review, we used modern electronic databases of medical information: PubMed, MEDLINE, Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory, DOAJ, Cyberleninka, and еLibrary. Results and discussion. Similarly from the analysis of scientific publications, the main mechanism of fractures of limb segments in newborns is intranatal trauma, in which the child can receive both during birth through the birth canal and during cesarean section. The predisposing factors for obtaining bone fractures are intrauterine osteopenia, congenital diseases of the digestive system, and prematurity. Fractures are diagnosed on the basis of clinical examination and results of ultrasound and X-ray studies of the injured limb. In the treatment of limb bone fractures, both conservative and surgical methods are used. In recent years, a tendency has been clearly observed in scientific publications, highlighting the ever-widening introduction into clinical practice of operational methods for stabilizing fractures of long tubular bones in newborns, including using the techniques of transosseous osteosynthesis. Conclusion. The presented article fills the existing gap of summarizing scientific publications on the treatment of fractures of limbs in newborns.

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Blakley, Brian W., Peter A. Hilger, Saul Taylor, and Jerome Hilger. "Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Cochlear Otosclerosis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 94, no. 4 (April 1986): 434–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459988609400405.

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Twelve patients with surgically proven otosclerosis and sensorineural hearing loss were studied with high-resolution computed tomography (CT). The purpose was to Identify abnormal bony changes that could be diagnostic of cochlear otosclerosis. Of the 24 temporal bones thus studied, 10 showed positive findings. The findings in our study—as well as those of others—show a pericochlear zone of radiolucency. The precise origin of this is undetermined.

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MARCUZZI, A., A. LETI ACCIARO, and A. LANDI. "Osteoid Osteoma of the Hand and Wrist." Journal of Hand Surgery 27, no. 5 (October 2002): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2002.0811.

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Eighteen cases of osteoid osteoma of the hand and wrist were treated between 1985 and 1999. The diagnosis was confirmed pre-operatively with X-rays, bone scintigraphy, CT, and MRI, and all the diagnoses were later confirmed by histological examination. The authors highlight the difficulties in the diagnosis of the osteoid osteoma of the hand and wrist. An accurate clinical history and a high index of suspicion are required. Three phase bones scans are highly sensitive for osteoid osteoma and should be used in conjunction with CT examination to facilitate diagnosis and pre-operative planning. All the patients were treated surgically, by removal of the tumour, with complete resolution of all symptoms.

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Ryzhkov, A. D., A. S. Krylov, S. M. Kaspshik, M. E. Bilik, N. V. Kochergina, L. Y. Abdulova, A. B. Bludov, and O. G. Spirina. "Differential Diagnosis of a Solitary Bone Lesion Using SPECT/CT Method." Journal of oncology: diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2021): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37174/2587-7593-2021-4-3-9-17.

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Relevance: Radionuclide bone scan signs of lesions are not specific and require radiological identification. Hybrid tomographic technology is a combination of spatial distribution of radiopharmaceuticals and its anatomical binding. Thus, makes it possible to accurately identify the affected bone structure and also determine the nature of this changes (radiological anatomy). In cancer patients, SPECT/CT method allows to visualize tumor pathology in the bones, but also keeps to a minimum errors and other excessive examinations.Purpose: To demonstrate the most frequent diseases and conditions that simulate tumor lesions in bones on bone scan.Material and methods: We analyzed the results of examinations of 81 patients with various tumor diseases (2015–2020). Bone scan was performed in the whole body 3 hours later, after intravenous administration of 99mTc-phosphotech on a Symbia E, T2 (Siemens, Germany). SPECT/CT was performed after WB Bone Scan.Results: The most frequent reasons for the focal increased uptake of radiopharmaceutical were: reactive increase in metabolism and as a result additional mineral repair: deforming osteoarthritis, osteophytes; post‑traumatic and postoperative changes; fractures (osteoporosis and stress fractures); inflammatory processes; focal uptake due to the benign neoplasms of bones and dysplasia. Combination of highly sensitive but non-specific scintigraphy with highly specific computed tomography makes it especially useful in anatomically difficult areas.Conclusion: SPECT/CT reveals a direct pater of anatomical and structural abnormalities with changes in bone tissue metabolism in case of different injuries and minimizes a number of ambiguous conclusions. SPECT/CT in oncological practice greatly helps nuclear medicine physician in the differential diagnostic process and reduces time of examination for the patient.

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Duminda, Withanage Don, Dishan Randika Samarathunga, Appu Arachchige Gayani Harindi Anupama, Rukshan Sooriyarachchi, Paththinikuttige Alexander Gamini Navarathna, Rathnayaka Mudiyanselage Ananda Sarath Rathnayaka, Rubasinha Liyanage Pemith Ranura Liyanage, and Ihala Wellala Gunawardena Arachchige Labandi Malhasi. "Primary leiomyosarcoma of bones – a rare entity in two different presentations." European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 19, no. 4 (2021): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2021.4.9.

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Introduction. Leiomyosarcomas (LMS) originate from smooth muscle cells. They are very rare malignant neoplasms. Bony Leiomyosarcoma is a variant of spindle cell sarcoma, primarily affecting long bones, predominantly the distal femur and the proximal tibia followed by craniofacial skeleton. Aim. To describe clinical presentation and diagnostic approach of primary leiomyosarcoma of bones in two different patients. Description of the cases. Case 1. A 64-year-old male with a fracture of left distal femur after a fall was investigated and found to have a pathological fracture. An open biopsy of the fracture site confirms leiomyosarcoma. Case 2. A 58-year-old previously healthy female presented with a swelling on right side mandibular region. Orthopantomogram radiograph (OPG) of mandible and Cone beam CT (CBCT) mandible was taken initially and revealed a large area of bone destruction of the right side of the mandible associated with a soft tissue mass. Initial incisional biopsy made the diagnosis of spindle cell sarcoma followed by excisional biopsy, which confirms the diagnosis of moderately differentiated leiomyosarcoma. Conclusion. Primary leiomyosarcoma of bones is very rare. Imaging features are helpful in the evaluation of such conditions, but final diagnosis should be based on histopathologic and immunohistochemical features.

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Zavarukhin, Vladimir Ivanovich, Ekaterina Sergeevna Morenko, Sergey Ivanovich Golyana, and Anton Vladimirovich Govorov. "CHRONIC TRAUMATIC DISLOCATION OF II-V METACARPAL BONES: CASE REPORT." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2014): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors2461-65.

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Dislocations in the carpometacarpal joints of three-phalanx fingers are rare form of injury. Their clinical manifestations are often veiled by swelling, and radiographs in standard views provide little information, which leads to difficulty in diagnosis and a high incidence of unidentified dislocations in the primary treatment. The article describes the basic provisions of the diagnosis and treatment of this type of injury, a clinical case of surgical treatment of undiagnosed dislocations of II-V metacarpal bones in the acute period, and long-term results of treatment.

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LARYUKOV, A. V., E. K. LARYUKOVA, and F. F. GUBAYDULLINA. "Interdisciplinary approach to diagnosing adamantinoma of long bones (clinical case)." Practical medicine 20, no. 2 (2022): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2022-2-110-113.

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A clinical case of a rare tumor — adamantinoma of long bones is presented. Adamantinoma of long tubular bones is very rare, it accounts for no more than 0.3% of all primary malignant bone tumors. The difficulties in diagnosis of this tumor are due to a number of factors: the rarity of the tumor, the variety of histological variants and radiological manifestations. This is associated with frequent diagnostic errors and inadequate treatment tactics. The difficulties of clinical, radiological and morphological diagnostics suggest a collective analysis of the data, taking into account the clinic and radiological symptoms, which will contribute to the timely correct diagnosis of this rare pathology.

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Satya Sueningrat, Anak Agung Ngurah Bagus. "Diagnosis dan Penanganan Kraniosinostosis." Cermin Dunia Kedokteran 48, no. 12 (December 8, 2021): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v48i12.1578.

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<p>Kraniosinostosis mengacu pada penutupan prematur satu atau lebih sutura tulang tengkorak. Akibatnya terjadi deformitas bentuk kepala karena kompensasi pertumbuhan sejajar dengan sutura yang menyatu. Insiden kraniosinostosis primer sekitar 1 per 2.000 kelahiran; penyebabnya sebagian besar belum diketahui. Diagnosis berdasarkan gambaran klinis yaitu mengecilnya ukuran tengkorak dan adanya perubahan bentuk tengkorak seiring dengan fusi sutura.</p><p>Craniosynostosis refers to the premature closure of one or more sutures that normally divide the skull bones. The result is a deformity of the head shape due to compensated growth parallel to the fused sutures. The incidence of primary craniosynostosis is approximately 1 per 2,000 births and the cause is mostly still unknown. Diagnosis is based on clinical features of skull size decrease and changes in skull shape with suture fusion.</p>

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Korokhonov, A. T. "Questions of diagnosis and treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the hip joint bones in children." Health care of Tajikistan, no. 2 (July 13, 2023): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52888/0514-2515-2023-357-2-119-127.

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This article presents an analysis of both domestic and international publications, focusing on the aspects, diagnostics, and treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the hip joint bones in children. While the etiology and pathogenesis of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis have generally been well-studied, the literature scarcely covers the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease as it impacts the bones of the hip joint in children. Modern diagnostic methods are often effective only after the disease has been present for three days, which is why traditional diagnostic methods continue to hold significance. The surgical treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of the hip joint bones in children remains an unresolved issue. The choice of surgical tactics is primarily complex because the disease often comes with complications such as osteomyelitic coxitis, which exacerbates the treatment process and hinders the prevention of orthopedic complications. Therefore, the selection of optimal surgical and preventive care, based on the stage of the disease, the extent of the purulent process, and the degree of destruction and compression of the osteoarticular system, is of utmost importance.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Diagnosis of bones'

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