Journal articles: 'Diabetics Saudi Arabia'

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Akbar, D. H. "Cardiovascular risk factors in Saudi Arabian and non-Saudi Arabian diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 9, no. 5-6 (March 31, 2003): 884–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2003.9.5-6.884.

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To determine frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in Saudi and non-Saudi diabetics, we studied patients attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital for follow-up in the period January 1997 to December 2001. Cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and smoking, were studied as well as degree of blood glucose control. Of 1122 patients in the study, 48% were Saudis and 52% non-Saudis. No statistically significant difference was found for prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors between the two groups. Correlation of each of the risk factors to patient’s age showed significant correlation to hypertension and smoking

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Almottowa, Hisham, Abbas Aldurayhim, Amer Alsaeri, Marooh Mnayan, Faisal Alghamdi, Theyab Alghamdi, Ohud Althagafi, Omar Alfaqih, Majid Al Sannaa, and Maram Hassan. "Rates of Amputations Among Diabetics in Saudi Arabia." JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE SCIENCES 02, no. 04 (2022): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/johs.2022.2401.

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According to the World Health Organization Saudi Arabia has the second highest diabetes rate in the Middle East and ranks seventh globally. Around 7 million people are diabetic, and almost 3 million have pre-diabetes, according to estimates. Perhaps even more concerning is the recent increase in diabetes cases reported in Saudi Arabia. In fact, diabetes has risen by ten times in Saudi Arabia during the last three centuries. Diabetic foot ulcer is the leading source of morbidity and prolonged hospitalization, with approximately twice the likelihood of amputations compared to ulcers that are not infected. Diabetic foot ulcer affects 6.3% of the world's population, with men being more prone to developing them. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about rates of amputation among diabetics in Saudi Arabia. Even though diabetes is a significant public health concern in the Middle East and North Africa area, with high incidence of diabetic foot problems, data on prevalence and mortality among this high-risk group is scarce. As the prevalence of the diabetes is increasing in Saudi Arabia so are the diabetes related complications and diabetic foot complications are becoming more common as well. To analyse the existing condition and audit the ongoing prevention programs, large community-based surveys must be conducted. Efforts must be made to minimize the risk of amputation as well as fatalities among diabetic foot problems patients

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Almottowa, Hisham, Abbas Aldurayhim, Amer Alsaeri, Marooh Mnayan, Faisal Alghamdi, Theyab Alghamdi, Ohud Althagafi, Omar Alfaqih, Majid Al Sannaa, and Maram Hassan. "Rates of Amputations Among Diabetics in Saudi Arabia." Journal of Healthcare Sciences 02, no. 04 (2022): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/johs.2022.2402.

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According to the World Health Organization Saudi Arabia has the second highest diabetes rate in the Middle East and ranks seventh globally. Around 7 million people are diabetic, and almost 3 million have pre-diabetes, according to estimates. Perhaps even more concerning is the recent increase in diabetes cases reported in Saudi Arabia. In fact, diabetes has risen by ten times in Saudi Arabia during the last three centuries. Diabetic foot ulcer is the leading source of morbidity and prolonged hospitalization, with approximately twice the likelihood of amputations compared to ulcers that are not infected. Diabetic foot ulcer affects 6.3% of the world's population, with men being more prone to developing them. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about rates of amputation among diabetics in Saudi Arabia. Even though diabetes is a significant public health concern in the Middle East and North Africa area, with high incidence of diabetic foot problems, data on prevalence and mortality among this high-risk group is scarce. As the prevalence of the diabetes is increasing in Saudi Arabia so are the diabetes related complications and diabetic foot complications are becoming more common as well. To analyse the existing condition and audit the ongoing prevention programs, large community-based surveys must be conducted. Efforts must be made to minimize the risk of amputation as well as fatalities among diabetic foot problems patients.

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Alsanad, Saud, Tamer Aboushanab, Mohammed Khalil, and Osama A. Alkhamees. "A Descriptive Review of the Prevalence and Usage of Traditional and Complementary Medicine among Saudi Diabetic Patients." Scientifica 2018 (August 29, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6303190.

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Diabetes mellitus represents a major burden in Saudi Arabia where seven million (20% of population) are living with diabetes. This article reviews the literature on usage of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) therapies among Saudi diabetic patients, focusing in particular on identifying the prevalence as well as discussing their safety and efficacy. Three databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect) were searched prior to December 10, 2017, for articles published in peer-reviewed journals that reported primary data on the use of traditional and complementary medicine therapies among diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia. Six studies were selected according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. In conclusion, the prevalence of use of T&CM therapies among diabetics in Saudi Arabia was 32.18%. This review identified that the most used T&CM therapy among diabetics was herbal treatment. The most used herbs were fenugreek, black seeds, neem, myrrh, helteet, harmel, and aloes. There is insufficient or little evidence to support the efficacy of the most identified herbs and therapies. This review is raising the safety concerns about the used herbs and complementary therapies which were commonly used without any medical consultation.

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Alwin Robert, Asirvatham, and Mohamed Abdulaziz Al Dawish. "Microvascular complications among patients with diabetes: An emerging health problem in Saudi Arabia." Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research 16, no. 3 (January 1, 2019): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1479164118820714.

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Diabetes mellitus, besides disrupting the carbohydrate metabolism process, also induces vascular disease and impacts nearly all the types and sizes of blood vessels. In fact, vascular complications cause majority of the morbidity, hospitalizations and mortality of patients with diabetes mellitus. Retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy (microvascular complications) impact hundreds of millions of diabetics and normally target those having long-term or uncontrolled forms of the disease; however, these disorders can also exist at the time of diagnosis or in those yet to be diagnosed. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the biggest country in the Middle East that occupies around four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula supporting a population of more than 33.3 million people. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing at an alarming rate in Saudi Arabia. Over 25% of the adult population is suffering and that figure is projected to more than double by 2030. In fact, diabetes mellitus has approximately registered a 10-fold upsurge in the past three decades in Saudi Arabia. However, the prevalence and risk factors of microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients have not yet been clearly documented in Saudi Arabia. Hence, in this review, we aim to provide an overview of the microvascular complications among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia, utilizing data from the currently available published literature. This is an attempt to facilitate the government and healthcare systems aware of the enormous worth of prevention, early detection and appropriate management of such microvascular complications.

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Sami, Waqas, Khalid M. Alabdulwahhab, Mohd Rashid Ab Hamid, Tariq A. Alasbali, Fahd Al Alwadani, and Mohammad Shakil Ahmad. "Dietary Knowledge among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes—Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030858.

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Dietary management is considered as a major step in assessing a patient’s knowledge related to nutritional aspects, treatment, and complications of diabetes. Diabetes patients frequently face difficulty in identifying the recommended diet, including its quality and quantity. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), sedentary lifestyle, along with food choices and portion sizes, have increased considerably and this has resulted in the soaring risk of diabetes. In addition, there is paucity of literature focusing on the Dietary Knowledge (DK) of type 2 diabetics in KSA. The study aimed to assess and evaluate the DK of type 2 diabetics. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 type 2 diabetics using a valid and reliable self-prepared questionnaire comprising of 21 questions. Results showed that type 2 diabetics had an overall poor DK (28.57%). Sub-group analysis further revealed that diabetes patients had poor knowledge related to the consumption of carbohydrates and food choices, whereas they had good knowledge related to lipids and fats, proteins and food types. The role of diet in controlling of diabetes is considered imperative, but still, diabetes patients are unaware how they should approach this issue. The patient empowerment approach can be used to counsel patients with a poor DK. Primary care physicians and dietitians should work together and carry out individualized, tailored and patient-centered dietary education sessions.

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Sami, W., and M. R. Ab Hamid. "Lipid profile of type 2 diabetics in Almajmaah, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1366 (November 2019): 012131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1366/1/012131.

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Aldukhayel, Abdulrhman. "The magnitude, determinants and barriers for physical activities among diabetic patients in Qassim area of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, no. 3 (May 22, 2018): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20181664.

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Background: To review the level of physical activity (PA) among adult diabetics and barriers to PA in this population.Methods: This survey was performed in 2017 and enrolled adult diabetics from primary health center of the National Guard in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. International Physical activity questionnaire was used to grade the level of PA. The three intensities of PA (walking, moderate and vigorous exercise), and number of days per week and hours per day were queried for each participant. Metabolic equivalent (MET), a proxy indicator of PA was calculated. Data were analyzed for associations to demographic and diabetes-related factors. Participants were queried on barriers to PA such as time, space, high cost, physical disability, preoccupation with other priorities and languor. Results: We interviewed 395 diabetic patients. The low and moderate levels of PA were noted for 320 (81%) and 75 (19%) participants respectively. None had a high level of PA. Gender (P=0.4), age (P=0.45), body mass index (P=0.66) were not associated to PA. Joint problems (43%), languor (35.2%) and family time (33.9%) were the main barriers that lowered PA. Conclusions: There was a low level of PA among diabetics in Qassim. Barriers to PA should be proactively addressed during patient counseling to improve PA in this population. Counseling direct towards increasing PA may mitigate the physically disabling complications of cardiovascular events among diabetics.

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Ahmed Al-Ali, Sadiq. "Screening of Diabetic Patients for Frailty with the Frail Scale: A Comparison with the Fried’s Phenotype Criteria in Saudi Arabia." Diabetes & Obesity International Journal 6, no. 3 (2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/doij-16000244.

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Background and Aims: Frailty is a serious health issue that is associated with the decline of muscle and nerve functions. Several conditions have been associated with frailty, such as dementia, cancer, and diabetes. The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of frailty in Saudi diabetic patients and assess the association between diabetes and frailty. Also, to investigate if the FRAIL scale is an adequate tool to identify frail patients to pre-frail and healthy patients. Methods: Seventy-eight participants were divided into three categories; group-I, the control group, included 31 healthy men 65 to 75 years, group-II 25 patients with DM2 aged 50–64, and group-III included 22 patients with DM2 aged 65–80 years old. Frailty index using Fried’s criteria (CHS) and FRAIL scale was determined for all the participants. In ROC analysis, we evaluated diagnostic accuracy and AUC areas of the FRAIL scale compared with the CHS criteria. Results: Frail patients were more in Group II and III (diabetics) (44%, 55%) respectively than in Group-I (non-diabetics) 10%. People aged 63 years old or more are more likely to have frailty syndrome. Diabetic patients with FBG level ≥ 220 mg/dL, HbA1c level ≥ 9.5%, are more likely to be frail patients (P-values: 0.029, 0.002) respectively. Comparisons of the FRAIL scale to CHS components showed an independent diagnostic property. Conclusion: Frailty is a very serious condition, and it’s a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. FRAIL scale is a promising diagnostic tool, and more diagnostic studies are recommended.

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El Hazmi, M. A. F., and A. S. Warsy. "Prevalence of overwieght and obesity in diabetic and non-diabetic Saudis." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 6, no. 2-3 (June 15, 2000): 276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2000.6.2-3.276.

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A total of 14 660 individuals were included in the study. A fasting blood sample and 2-hour post-glucose load blood sample from each participant were analysed for blood sugar. Participants were classified as diabetic or non-diabetic and as either obese [BMI > 30 kg/m2], overweight [BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2] or normal [BMI < 25 kg/m2]. The prevalence of obesity was calculated in the total sample and separately for diabetic and non-diabetic males and females. The results showed obesity and overweight in 13.05% and 27.23% of males and 20.26% and 25.20% of females respectively. The prevalence of both obesity and overweight were significantly higher among diabetics than non-diabetics. In each province, diabetics had a significantly higher prevalence of obesity than non-diabetics. Several interprovincial variations were seen. Public education on obesity and overweight and ways to decrease them are recommended in Saudi Arabia

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Morgan, Sara Afshar, Mohamed Mahmoud Ali, Andrew Amos Channon, Sultana Al-Sabahi, Huda Al Suwaidi, Nabil Osman, Mostafa Al Salameen, and Tawfik Khoja. "Prevalence and correlates of diabetes and its comorbidities in four Gulf Cooperation Council countries: evidence from the World Health Survey Plus." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 73, no. 7 (March 20, 2019): 630–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-211187.

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BackgroundThe Gulf Cooperation Council countries are witnessing unprecedented changes due to fast economic development and population growth. The aims of this study were twofold: first, to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and its comorbidities; second, to examine the association of sociodemographic risk factors and healthcare service utilisation with diabetes.MethodsData from the World Health Survey Plus (WHS+) from Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates were used. The WHS+ is a nationally representative household survey of the adult population, conducted between 2008 and 2009. Both logistic regression and zero-inflated Poisson models were applied to examine the associations of risk factors, comorbidity and treatment with self-reported diabetes.ResultsThe highest level of diabetes was observed in Kuwait, with 40.8% among the oldest age group. High body mass index, older age and low education were all associated with diabetes in all settings. High levels of comorbidity existed within the diabetic population. Over 50% of diabetics in all countries reported having at least one chronic condition. In Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, one in five diabetics reported having two or more comorbidities. Treatment prevalence was above 80% across all sociodemographic categories.ConclusionThe burden of diabetes, although high, is not uniform across populations in the four Gulf countries. Differential exposure to risk, such as unhealthy lifestyles, may be creating a disadvantage for certain populations and influencing the co-occurrence of chronic conditions. In response, a multifaceted and patient-centred approach is needed at all levels of healthcare to control and prevent non-communicable diseases.

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Zimmo, Sameer KH. "Prevalence of Skin Manifestations in Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital." Saudi Journal of Internal Medicine 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2012): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32790/sjim.2.1.4.

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Background: The prevalence of diabetes in Saudi Arabia is now one of the highest in the world, with the rise in prevalence of Type II diabetes. Patients with diabetes mellitus commonly suffer from a wide variety of cutaneous disorders. Aims: This study estimates the prevalence of skin manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus, at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Materials and Methods: Five hundred and fifty-eight patients with the diagnosis of diabetes, attending the dermatologic and diabetic clinic were included in this study. Results: The common skin disorders were: xerosis (74.7%), pruritus (38.2%), diabetic dermopathy (30.1%), finger pebbles (25.6%), and thickened skin (22.2%). Conclusion: Skin manifestations in diabetics are common. High prevalence of xerosis in our diabetic population is significant and further studies are recommended.

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Zimmo, Sameer KH. "Prevalence of Skin Manifestations in Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdulaziz University Hospital." Saudi Journal of Internal Medicine 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2012): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32790/sjim.2012.2.1.4.

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Background: The prevalence of diabetes in Saudi Arabia is now one of the highest in the world, with the rise in prevalence of Type II diabetes. Patients with diabetes mellitus commonly suffer from a wide variety of cutaneous disorders. Aims: This study estimates the prevalence of skin manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus, at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Materials and Methods: Five hundred and fifty-eight patients with the diagnosis of diabetes, attending the dermatologic and diabetic clinic were included in this study. Results: The common skin disorders were: xerosis (74.7%), pruritus (38.2%), diabetic dermopathy (30.1%), finger pebbles (25.6%), and thickened skin (22.2%). Conclusion: Skin manifestations in diabetics are common. High prevalence of xerosis in our diabetic population is significant and further studies are recommended.

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Emeka, Promise M., Manea Fares AlMunjem, Sahibzada Tasleem Rasool, and Noor Kamil. "Evaluation of Counseling Practices and Patient’s Satisfaction Offered by Pharmacists for Diabetics Attending Outpatient Pharmacies in Al Ahsa." Journal of Patient Experience 7, no. 3 (June 25, 2019): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374373519846945.

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Introduction: Patient counseling can be helpful in improving the outcome of disease management, particularly chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, which is common in Saudi Arabia. The present study looks to investigate the levels of counseling and satisfaction among patients attending diabetic clinics in outpatient hospital pharmacy in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Method: This is a cross-sectional investigation, carried out by using interview-structured questionnaire, targeting diabetes mellitus patients with or without comorbid states. The questionnaire was divided into 3 parts comprising of demographics, counseling types given while collecting prescription, and satisfaction rating of services provided. Result: More males than females participated; most of whom were college graduates older than 51 years. Sixty-three percent of the entire participants are type 1 diabetic patients, while 37% are type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Coexistence of hypercholesterolemia was higher among type 1 diabetes patients with 51.9%, while hypertension was more common among type 2 diabetic patients representing 68.2%. Findings also showed that counseling was provided for medication use among type 1 diabetic patients but was deficient in the case of type 2 diabetic patients. Patients received low level of counseling on side effects and healthy lifestyle living. Satisfaction level was only 11.1%, indicating that counseling services might be deficient. Conclusion: This study has revealed poor counseling practices and low satisfaction levels in services provided by outpatient hospital pharmacies to diabetic patients. In the face of increasing prevalence of diabetes and comorbidity, counseling of diabetic patients is critical.

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Hobani, Yahya Hasan, Shiju Mathew, and Hassan Ali Samsam. "Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension & Associated Factor’s among students of Jazan in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 3, no. 4 (December 30, 2015): 708–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i4.13921.

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Background: Health-related issues has been one of the major factor of concern for the death since the last three decades in Saudi Arabia which includes diabetes mellitus, hypertension and other associated factors are considered as major risk factors. The investigation on the prevalence of Diabetes, Hypertension and associated factors among students of Jazan, Saudi Arabia is an alarm for the hidden possible health threat among the students in the younger age. Methods: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of Diabetes, Hypertension and associated factors in fifty students of Jazan in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through interview using a structured questionnaire followed by clinical examination. Clinical practice methods were followed to estimate Cholesterol, Body Mass Index (BMI), weight, Diabetes and Hypertension from the sample. Results: A high percentage of participants i.e. 70% are pre diabetes, which is partly due to a more sedentary lifestyle and smoking and weight gain. 62% of participants reported no physical exercise in daily life. Habit of smoking is present among 44% of the participants over weight and obesity showed as 24% and 16% respectively. The high blood pressure among the participants was 36% and 64% were prehypertensive. Obesity and weight assessed by using Body Mass Index. The result showed 52% among the participants were in normal weight, 24% were overweight and 16% were obese. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Smoking, physical inactivity, obesity and cholesterol level were associated with the risk of Pre-hypertension, hypertension, pre-diabetics and diabetics.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(4): 708-713

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Alhabshan, Rashed Fahad, Meshari Sulaiman Bin Huwaymil, and Abdulrahman Nasser Alzaid. "Assessment of Knowledge toward Complications of Diabetic Septic Foot among Diabetics Patients in Saudi Arabia." Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine 69, no. 6 (October 2017): 2557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0042230.

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Yacoubi, Amel, and Hani Al-Shobaili. "Clinical and microbiological characteristics of hand infection in female patients with Diabetes Attending University in Qassim, Saudi Arabia." Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences 06, no. 02 (April 2014): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1947-489x.210369.

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Background: Hand infection in diabetics is a well-known problem which results in high morbidity and occasional mortality. Patients and methods: 182 cases of hand infection were collected from the Qassim University over the past two years. 114 diabetic female patients, of any type (1, 2), were included in this study. Clinical examination and culture were done. Different media were used for the isolation of aerobic, anaerobic and yeast. Results: E. coli was the most prevalent organism in diabetic patients. The isolates that were observed in decreasing order of frequency, in diabetic patients, were E. coli, S. aureus, Streptococcus beta hemolytic, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus sp., Streptococcus viridans, Enterobacter, anaerobes and yeast (Candida). In the control cases we found S.aureus in high percentage followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Enterococcus and E.coli, Streptococcus beta hemolytic, P. aeruginosa, anaerobes and in low percentage K. pneumonia and Enterobacter. Conclusions: This study demonstrates bacterial composition of diabetic's hand flora predominated by Gram negative organisms. The presence of anaerobes, and fungi is noted.

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Almalki, Naif R., Turki M. Almalki, and Khaled Alswat. "Diabetics Retinopathy Knowledge and Awareness Assessment among the Type 2 Diabetics." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 3 (March 9, 2018): 574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.121.

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INTRODUCTION: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. In Saudi Arabia and other Arab countries, several studies estimated the prevalence of DR ranging from 30 - 40%.AIM: To assess the DR knowledge and its association with diabetes control among Type 2 diabetic patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional study of patients with Type II diabetes (T2D) who had a routine visit to the endocrine clinic to assess the DR knowledge and its relation to the glycemic control. We used a questionnaire that was used in previously published studies, and the reliability was assessed using the alpha Cronbach coefficient. Patients who answered correctly > 60% were considered to have good knowledge about DR.RESULTS: Total of 253 patients participated, 43.4% has diabetes > 10 years and 30.7% have it for 5 - 10 years, 36.4% did college degree or higher, 40.8% considered having low income. 37.7% of participants were not screened for the DR in the past year. 28.4% of participants think that seeing optometrist is enough for DR diagnosis. Diabetics with good knowledge who have T2D > 10 years were 46.3% compared to 38.6% (p = 0.04). Diabetics with good knowledge have mean A1c of 8.55 vs. 8.59 (p = 0.32), mean BMI 30.4 vs. 30.2 (p = 0.46), mean diastolic pressure was 77.12% vs. 79.48% (p = 0.03).CONCLUSION: Almost two-thirds of screened T2D were considered to have good knowledge about DR. The good knowledge group tends to have a longer duration of T2D, more likely to have a college degree, and tend to have non -significantly better A1c control.

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Alsulaiman, ThamerA, AhmedM Mahmoud, and IntisarM Fadlallah. "Assessment of diabetics' follow-up in a primary care setting, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Health Specialties 3, no. 4 (2015): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1658-600x.166494.

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Krawagh, Abdullah M., Abdullah M. Alzahrani, and Tariq A. Naser. "Diabetes Complications and their Relation to Glycemic Control among Patients Attending Diabetic Clinic at King Khalid National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Saudi Journal of Internal Medicine 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2011): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32790/sjim.1.1.5.

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This study addresses the prevalence of ischemic heart disease, hypertension and long-term complications of diabetes mellitus among patients attending the diabetic clinic and their relation to glycemic control. Methods: A study was conducted on a cross-section on all consecutive patients attending the diabetic clinic at King Khalid National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from January 2007 to January 2008. The degree of glycemic control was gauged using blood level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and classified into good (less 7%), fair (7.1-8%), poor (8.1-9%) and very poor (greater than 9%). All patients were screened for hypertension, ischemic heart disease and microvascular complications. Results: Two hundred and ten patients were recruited in the study. Glycemic control was good in 17 (8.1%), fair in 49 (23.2%), poor in 56 (26.6%) and very poor in 88 (41.9%). There was high prevalence of retinopathy (76; 36%), microalbuminuria (80; 37.9%), neuropathy (108; 51.2%) and ischemic heart disease (51; 24.2%), especially among patients with poor and very poor control. Although the presence of hypertension, frank nephropathy and peripheral vascular disease was also disturbingly high among diabetic patients, their frequency was the same among good, fair, poor and very poor glycemic control groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of long-term complications of diabetes mellitus was alarmingly high among Saudi nationals. Microvascular complications and ischemic heart disease were also noticed to be more common in diabetics with poor and very poor glycemic control. This emphasizes the need of national awareness program about the gravity of the problem.

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Krawagh, Abdullah M., Abdullah M. Alzahrani, and Tariq A. Naser. "Diabetes Complications and their Relation to Glycemic Control among Patients Attending Diabetic Clinic at King Khalid National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Saudi Journal of Internal Medicine 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2011): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32790/sjim.2011.1.1.5.

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This study addresses the prevalence of ischemic heart disease, hypertension and long-term complications of diabetes mellitus among patients attending the diabetic clinic and their relation to glycemic control. Methods: A study was conducted on a cross-section on all consecutive patients attending the diabetic clinic at King Khalid National Guard Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from January 2007 to January 2008. The degree of glycemic control was gauged using blood level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and classified into good (less 7%), fair (7.1-8%), poor (8.1-9%) and very poor (greater than 9%). All patients were screened for hypertension, ischemic heart disease and microvascular complications. Results: Two hundred and ten patients were recruited in the study. Glycemic control was good in 17 (8.1%), fair in 49 (23.2%), poor in 56 (26.6%) and very poor in 88 (41.9%). There was high prevalence of retinopathy (76; 36%), microalbuminuria (80; 37.9%), neuropathy (108; 51.2%) and ischemic heart disease (51; 24.2%), especially among patients with poor and very poor control. Although the presence of hypertension, frank nephropathy and peripheral vascular disease was also disturbingly high among diabetic patients, their frequency was the same among good, fair, poor and very poor glycemic control groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of long-term complications of diabetes mellitus was alarmingly high among Saudi nationals. Microvascular complications and ischemic heart disease were also noticed to be more common in diabetics with poor and very poor glycemic control. This emphasizes the need of national awareness program about the gravity of the problem.

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Almubark, Rasha A., Nora A. Althumairi, Adel A. Alhamdan, Heba Y. AlNujaidi, Reem Alzayer, Sarh A. Almubark, and Nasser F. BinDhim. "Socioeconomic and Behavioral Disparities Among Diabetics in Saudi Arabia: A Nation-Wide Descriptive Study." Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy Volume 15 (September 2022): 2693–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/dmso.s352769.

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Farshori, Mohammad Parvaiz, Yasir Ghareeb Alrashdan, Raiya Khaled Ali AlTamimi, Hayam Abdullah Houmood Alshammari, Mohammed Saqer Alshammari, Abrar Hamad Saleh Alageel, and Maha Al Naafa. "High prevalence of hypertension and myocardial infarctions in Saudi adult female population with blood type A." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 4676. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184555.

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Background: There is high prevalence of obesity and smoking in Saudi population. Both are major risk factors for developing hypertension (HT) and MI. Associations between hypertension, MI and ABO blood groups have been shown but they are inconsistent. To date no such studies have been done in Saudi Arabia to determine association between ABO blood groups and prevalence of smoking, hypertension and MI in Saudi female patients.Methods: 432 control females were randomly selected and distribution of ABO and Rh antigens was statistically analyzed and compared with 78 smokers, 219 hypertensive and 311 MI female patients admitted to King Khalid hospital between the periods of August 2017 to May 2018.Results: Among controls 3.2% were smokers, 7.6% hypertensive and 13.2% diabetics. Among hypertensive 7.8% were smokers and 46.6% were diabetics. Likewise we also found statistically significant increase in prevalence of smoking (9.9%) and diabetes (48.2%) in MI female patients. Additionally about half of MI patients (49.8%) were hypertensive. 85.9% controls were Rh+ and 14.1% were Rh-. Rh+ subjects were significantly higher in hypertensive and MI patients also. O+ was most prevalent and AB+ was least prevalent in all groups.Conclusions: Statistically there was no difference between distributions of, B-, B+, AB-, AB+ blood groups, however there was high prevalence of A blood group in hypertensive (31.4%) and female MI patients (31.2%) as compared to A blood group among controls (24.8%). Distribution of O blood group wassignificantly lower in hypertensive (42%) and MI patients (41.5%) as compared to controls (53.1%).

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Tashkandi, Wail, Sami Badawood, Mohammed Badri, Ahmad Kinsarah, Hasan Alzahrani, and Nashat Ghandourah. "Lower Limb Amputations among Diabetics Admitted with Diabetic Foot Disorders in Three Major Hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Medical Sciences 18, no. 1 (2011): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/med.18-1.3.

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Alotaibi, Mohammed M., Robert Istepanian, and Nada Philip. "A mobile diabetes management and educational system for type-2 diabetics in Saudi Arabia (SAED)." mHealth 2 (August 24, 2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/mhealth.2016.08.01.

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Alrashed, Mohammed Sulaiman, Sufana Amer Al Otaibi, and Abdulrahman Mohammed G. Habib. "Knowledge and Attitude of Foot Care among Diabetics in Prevention of Amputation in Saudi Arabia." Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine 69, no. 5 (October 2017): 2476–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0041697.

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Kamel, Fatemah O., Rania M. Magadmi, Magda M. Hagras, Bashair Magadmi, and Reem A. AlAhmad. "Knowledge, attitude, and beliefs toward traditional herbal medicine use among diabetics in Jeddah Saudi Arabia." Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 29 (November 2017): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.10.007.

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Al-Yahya, Abdulrahman, Alwaleed Alsulaiman, Abdulrahman Almizel, Abdulrahman Barri, and Fadwa Al Adel. "Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Diabetics Towards Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study." Clinical Ophthalmology Volume 14 (October 2020): 3187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/opth.s269524.

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Bazaid, Abdulrahman S., Ahmed A. Punjabi, Abdu Aldarhami, Husam Qanash, Ghaida Alsaif, Hattan Gattan, Heba Barnawi, Bandar Alharbi, Abdulaziz Alrashidi, and Abdulaziz Alqadi. "Bacterial Infections among Patients with Chronic Diseases at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia." Microorganisms 10, no. 10 (September 26, 2022): 1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10101907.

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Infections caused by multi-drug-resistant bacteria in patients with chronic diseases have been associated with high mortality and morbidity. While few reports have evaluated bacterial infections in multiple chronic disease patients, the focus of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of bacterial infections and the susceptibility profiles of causative strains among various groups of patients suffering from chronic diseases. Microbiological reports of patients suffering from cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, and skin burns were retrospectively collected from a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Approximately 54.2% of recruited patients were males, and positive urine was the most prevalent specimen associated with kidney disease patients (25%). Escherichia coli isolates were predominant among cardiovascular, kidney, and cancer patients. Staphylococcus aureus was commonly detected in diabetics and those with burns. Although resistance patterns varied based on the type of specimens and underlying diseases, Escherichia coli showed limited resistance to colistin, carbapenems, and tigecycline, while S. aureus demonstrated susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and rifampin. These observations are crucial for clinicians and policymakers to ensure effective treatment plans and improve outcomes in these patients with comorbidity.

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Al Humayed, Suliman, Ahmed Mahfouz, Nabil Awadalla, and Abdullah Alsabaani. "Hepatitis C Virus Infection at Primary Healthcare Level in Abha City, Southwestern Saudi Arabia: Is Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus an Associated Factor?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11 (November 9, 2018): 2513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112513.

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Background: There is an increasing concern about the relation between hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study aims to determine the prevalence of HCV infection among T2DM patients and non-diabetic patients attending primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) in Abha city, southwestern Saudi Arabia, and to explore the possible association between T2DM and HCV infection. Methods: A cross-sectional study targeting a random sample of T2DM and non-diabetic patients attending PHCCs in Abha City was conducted. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and screened for HCV infection using fourth-generation ELISA kits. All positive cases were confirmed by qualitative RT-PCR immune assay. Results: The study revealed an overall seroprevalence of HCV infection of 5% (95% CI: 2.9–7.9%). Among T2DM and non-diabetics, a seroprevalence of 8.0% and 2.0% was found, respectively. Using multivariable regression analysis, the only significant associated factor for HCV infection was T2DM (aOR = 4.185, 95% CI: 1.074–16.305). Conclusions: There is strong positive association between T2DM and HCV infection. Yet, the direction of relationship is difficult to establish. Patients with T2DM have higher prevalence of HCV infection than non-diabetic group. It is highly recommended for primary health care providers to screen for HCV infection among T2DM patients and to increase the level of HCV awareness among them.

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Omar, Sherif, and Amr Sabra. "Foot Care Practices among Type 2 Diabetics Attending a Primary Care Military Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia." Journal of High Institute of Public Health 41, no. 3 (July 1, 2011): 368–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2011.20167.

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Siddiqui, Aisha. "Acute Coronary Syndrome in Diabetics Admitted in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Medical Sciences 15, no. 3 (2008): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/med.15-3.5.

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Alwaladali, Mohammed, Maya Talal Soufan, and Bandar Almutairi. "The Causative Organism of Urinary Tract Infections UTI: a Cross-sectional Study from a Tertiary Hospital In Saudi Arabia." Journal of Medicine, Law & Public Health 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52609/jmlph.v2i1.36.

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BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common disease with a high burden on the healthcare industry. A systematic exploration is necessary of the organisms that cause UTIs, to improve empirical management of patients with acute illness before culture results are obtained. The prevalence of these organisms, both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients in Saudi Arabia, needs further clarification. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis reviewing the charts of patients visiting the emergency department of, and those admitted to, a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia during the month of July-August 2021. RESULT: The total number of participants was 199, with a mean age of 55.8 years (SD=20.02), ranging from 14 to 97 years. 61.8% of patients were immunocompromised, and one-third were from the oncology wards. 40.7% (n=81) were diabetics and 8.54% (n=17) had CKD/ESRD. Females were 25% more likely than males to acquire Candida infections, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 26.7% more prevalent in males. Nevertheless, mixed gram-negative bacteria caused the most UTIs, in 40.20% (n=80) of cases, followed by Candida, 16.1% (n=32), and then mixed gram-positive bacteria, in 14.57% (n=29). This was also observed among immunocompromised patients and the subsegment of oncology patients on active chemotherapy, although with variable percentages. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that patients’ immune status is the main determinant of the causative organism of UTIs. The treatment threshold for Candida in diabetic patients and those with CKD/ESRD should be lower, especially when they require admission.

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Alba, Nezar, and hayer Tunsi. "POSTPRANDIAL EXERCISE IS SUPERIOR TO REGULAR CONTINUOUS EXERCISE IN HBA1C REDUCTION FOR TYPE 2 DIABETICS IN SAUDI ARABIA." Zagazig University Medical Journal 22, no. 4 (July 1, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/zumj.2016.4652.

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Khan, AtaurR, ZakiN Al-Abdul Lateef, MohammadA Al Aithan, MontaserA Bu-Khamseen, Ibrahim Al Ibrahim, and ShabbirA Khan. "Factors contributing to non-compliance among diabetics attending primary health centers in the Al Hasa district of Saudi Arabia." Journal of Family and Community Medicine 19, no. 1 (2012): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.94008.

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Elkholy, Suzanne, and Amer A. Lardhi. "Do we need to test for maturity onset diabetes of the young among newly diagnosed diabetics in Saudi Arabia?" International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 3, no. 1 (May 2015): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdm.2011.01.006.

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Abdelwahid, Hassan A., Saud M. Erwi, and Firas S. Alahmari. "Pattern and Predictors of Glycemic Control among Type 2 Diabetics in Armed Forces Hospital of Jizan, southwestern Saudi Arabia." World Family Medicine Journal/Middle East Journal of Family Medicine 15, no. 1 (January 2017): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2017.92892.

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Hassan, Asim, Wedad Abullah Aldahasai, and Shayma Abdulatif Alsalmi. "A Snapshot of Risk Stratification of Diabetic Patients Fasting during the Month of Ramadan." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 12 (December 10, 2021): 3427–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2115123427.

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Objectives: To get a clinical snapshot of the diabetic patients who planned to fast during the month of Ramadan and to determine the ability of the RRR application to effectively risk-stratify patients. Study Design: Observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Armed Forces Hospital Al-Hada, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from 1st April 2018 to 31st May 2018. Methodology: Ninety six patients over 15 years of age with diabetes mellitus were risk stratified using standardized risk criteria were enrolled. Detailed analysis of the information was performed to paint a clinical landscape of the patients who intended to fast. Results: Seventy four percent of the patients were type 2 diabetics, 11% GDM, 31% were between 60-70 years and 17 % had diabetes for more than 20 years. 17% of participants had serious complications during the last three months before Ramadan including hypoglycemia, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). 59% had chronic diabetic complications. 28 % of patients were on both insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) together and 16 % on high risk medications. 25% of patients had an HbA1C of more than 10%. Pertaining to the previous Ramadan experience 19% disclosed having serious complications in the past. 6 % were categorized as low risk individuals, 76% as moderate, 6% high and 12 % as very high risk. Conclusions: Astonishingly all the patients advised to refrain from fasting insisted on fasting. Considering the latest IDF numbers the above calculated percentages would translate into very huge numbers who are in serious jeopardy. In order to prevent serious consequences it is highly recommends that evidence based and validated risk stratification strategies are implemented in routine clinical practices. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Fast, Hypoglycemia, High risk patients

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Sani, Mubarack, Anwar Makeen, Osama Bakheit Ali Albasheer, Yahya Mohammed Hassan Solan, and Mohammed Salih Mahfouz. "Effect of telemedicine messages integrated with peer group support on glycemic control in type 2 diabetics, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries 38, no. 4 (January 29, 2018): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13410-018-0608-3.

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Hossain, Mir Mosarraf, Tahseen Mahmood, Rehena Akhter, Bushra Zaman, and Mir Mahmud Hossain. "Influence of ethnicity on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c): A cross-sectional study among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic Arab Population." South East Asia Journal of Public Health 6, no. 2 (April 22, 2017): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v6i2.31834.

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Diabetes is a global health burden and threat that needs proper managements. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is an important marker, both in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the influence of ethnicity on HbA1c in relation to fasting plasma glucose (FPG), by observation among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics in Arab population, with a view to speculate comparison with other population groups in order to make a more rationale management plan of diabetes for different ethnic groups. This cross sectional study was performed amongst 573 newly diagnosed, untreated type 2 diabetic subjects attending the outpatient department (OPD) of Al-Qunfudah General Hospital Diabetic centre, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) from June 2010 to April 2013. Data were collect by face to face interview using pre-tested questionnaire. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood-pressure, fasting and post-prandial venous plasma glucose, HbA1c and serum creatinine were measured. Patients receiving any treatment for diabetes, suffering from Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), having ketonuria ?2+, pregnant and patients of hemolytic anemia were excluded from the study. Sensitivity, specificity and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve for HbA1c using different cut-off values were calculated using venous FPG considering gold standard. The analysis was done by computer using SPSS version 22.0. Mean fasting plasma glucose was 227.9±81.45mg/dl and mean HbA1c was 9.79±2.22%, 269 patients (47%) had HbA1c >10%, much above ?6.5%, cutoff determined by American Diabetic association (ADA). For diagnosing diabetes, the optional cut-off for HbA1c was 7.9%, with sensitivity of 83.6%, specificity of 87.8%, positive predictive value of 98.6%, and negative predictive value of 33.3%. These characterizations would not only accord to construct more tactical initiative for comparison but also instigate the rationale to individualize HbA1c on ethnic basis for diabetes management protocols.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.6(2) 2016: 42-47

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Almashaykhi, Ahmed Obaid, Randa M Nooh, Sami Said Almudarra, Abdulaziz Saad ALMutari, Naif Saud ALBudayri, Khalid Masoud AlGhamdi, and Ali Aldarwish. "The Pattern of Referral of Sick Omani Pilgrims From the Omani Medical Mission During Hajj 2019." Iproceedings 8, no. 1 (February 8, 2022): e36393. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/36393.

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Background Annually, in the month of Dhul hijjah, over 2 million Muslims travel to Saudi Arabia to perform hajj. Hajj is the biggest mass gathering globally, which creates a substantial influence on hajjes’ health. The Omani medical mission is the official delegation from the Omani government to Saudi Arabia to serve the Omani hajjees regarding their health issues. Objective This study investigates the referral rate and pattern of diseases among hajjees referred by the Omani medical mission during Hajj 1440 H. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Omani Medical missions in Makkah, Madinah, Mina, and Arafat. Data was collected via a predesigned form. All Omani pilgrims presenting to the mission who were referred to local hospitals were included. Results The total number of cases was 5000, of which 106 (2.1%) were referred to local hospitals (21.2 per 1000 hajjees). The most common causes of referral were cardiovascular diseases (23.6%), followed by gastrointestinal disease (17.9%) and trauma (16.9%). Male patients comprised 60.1% of the sample. Their mean age was 47.3 (SD 11.27) years, with the highest referrals in the 51-60 years age group (30%). Over half (55.7%) had comorbidities. Patients’ mean time to reach the clinic was 8.87 (SD 6.41) minutes, with 65% arriving in 5 minutes or less. The mean time needed to reach the hospital by ambulance was 11.39 (SD 6.6) minutes, with 36% arriving within 5 minutes. Of the referrals, 42% were admitted into the hospital. Hospitalization was significantly higher among patients with chest pain (P<.006), diabetics (P<.001), and patients with heart disease (P=.01). Conclusions The most common causes for referral of hajjees from the Omani Medical Mission were cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal disease, and trauma. This information should assist the Omani government in planning their medical services in the hajj season in future years.

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Faisal, Ahmed, Mahmoud Elshahat, Reda Goweda, Arij Alzaidi, Bashaer Aldhawani, and Hibah Alharbi. "Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients at Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Global Journal of Health Science 8, no. 11 (March 1, 2016): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n11p45.

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BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major health problems which is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver. Worldwide, NAFLD has a reported prevalence of 6 to 35 percent in the general population. The prevalence of NAFLD has increased as more patients develop a sedentary lifestyle, metabolic syndrome, and obesity.AIM & OBJECTIVES: To study cardiovascular disease risk factors among NAFLD patients aiming to reduce morbidity and mortality.METHODOLOGY: This was a cross sectional study. Cardiovascular risk factors questionnaire including personal data, BMI, lipid profile and blood pressure was used to obtain the data from 150 patients with ultrasound diagnosed NAFLD and 150 patients with no evidence of NAFLD at Umm Al Qura University medical center, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.RESULTS: 54.7% out of 150 NAFLD patients were males, 91.3% were obese, 50.7% were diabetics, 28% hypertensive, 53.7% had high cholesterol level, 52.7 % had high triglycerides and 64.6% had high LDL level. Results showed significant high prevalence of most of CVD risk factors among NAFD patients in comparison to age matched group of patients without NAFLD.CONCLUSION: NAFLD patients have a high risk of cardiovascular diseases more than non NAFLD.

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Alaqeel, Aqeel, Muna Almijmaj, Abdulaziz Almushaigeh, Yasser Aldakheel, Raghad Almesned, and Husam Al Ahmadi. "High Rate of Depression among Saudi Children with Type 1 Diabetes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (November 8, 2021): 11714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111714.

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Saudi Arabia ranks among the top ten in type 1 diabetes (T1D) prevalence. The psychological burden, including depression, among T1D children, affects short-term and long-term outcomes. In Saudi Arabia, studies on depression among T1D children are limited. We determined the prevalence of depression among T1D children and adolescents in the Saudi Arabia-Qassim region and investigated risk factors for depressive symptoms. This quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among T1D children and adolescents in the outpatient clinic of Maternity and Children Hospital, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, between October 2020 and April 2021. Using a validated questionnaire translated into Arabic, we interviewed patients during clinic appointment. Questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics, clinical data, and Clinical Depression Inventory scale were used to measure depression. There were 148 T1D respondents (children: 58.1%; adolescents: 41.9%). More than half were females (53.4%), with most Saudis (94.6%). Depression prevalence among children and adolescents was 27%. Mild, moderate, and severe depression occurred in 80%, 12.5%, and 7.5% of depressed patients, respectively. Factors significant for depression were female sex (p = 0.014), uncontrolled HbA1c level (p = 0.037), and longer diabetes duration (p = 0.013). Depression among children and adolescents was more prevalent in this study than in previous reports. Early detection of depression will improve diabetes control and quality of life.

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Abdelwahid, Hassan, Hesham Mohamed Dahlan, Gassem Mojemamy, and Gasem Darraj. "Abstract #1318572: Predictors of Microalbuminuria and its Relationship With Glycemic Control Among Type 2 Diabetics of Jazan Armed Forces Hospital, Southwestern Saudi Arabia." Endocrine Practice 28, no. 12 (December 2022): S20—S21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2022.10.036.

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Rahim Memon, Ashfaque, Mohammad Akram Randhawa, Sami Owaid M Alshammari, Ahmed Badah Alanazi, Abdul Aziz Mayouf N Alshammari, Yosef Soltan H Alrawaili, and Yara Shargi K Alrawaili. "COMPLIANCE TO DIABETIC THERAPY;." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 03 (March 7, 2017): 466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.03.1561.

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Objectives: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Arabian Peninsula has risen toa very high level especially in Saudi Arabia (32%). Compliance of diabetic patients’ towardstherapy is crucial for diabetic management. According to a study conducted at Riyadh,Saudi Arabia 83.4% of uncontrolled glycemic level (HbA1c ≥7%) patients did not follow therecommended dietary plan. Another factor for high rates of un-controlled diabetes was poorcompliance to medication. Present study was aimed to investigate awareness of disease anddrugs, as well as compliance to medication, dietary control and exercise in diabetic patientsreporting to a tertiary hospital at Arar, Saudi Arabia. Study Design: A cross sectional descriptivestudy. Setting: Diabetic center of Prince Abdul Aziz bin Mossaid hospital, Arar, Saudi Arabia.Period: November and December 2015. Methods: Patients’ awareness of disease and drugs,as well as compliance to medication, dietary control and exercise was investigated by using astructured questionnaire. Response to various questions was analyzed using SPSS programversion 16. Data was further correlated between variables via Fisher’s exact and chi-squaredtest. Result: Average awareness about disease and drugs was 56.5% and 23%, respectively.Overall compliance rates to medication, dietary control and exercise were 89.3%, 31% &28.5%, respectively. Positive association was found between awareness to disease/drugs andcompliance to therapy. Conclusion: The results of present study and similar studies conductedelsewhere indicate that patients’ awareness towards their disease and medication is directlyproportional to patients’ compliance. Adequate awareness programs should be arranged forbetter management of diabetes in the community.

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Sinclair, Jonathan, Hussein Ageely, Mohamed Salih Mahfouz, Abdulrahman Ahmed Hummadi, Hussain Darraj, Yahia Solan, Robert Allan, and Lindsay Bottoms. "Effects of a Home-Based Physical Activity Programme on Blood Biomarkers and Health-Related Quality of Life Indices in Saudi Arabian Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 8 (April 7, 2022): 4468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084468.

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The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is renowned for its high incidence of type-2 diabetes mellitus, with a prevalence rate of around 33%, which is expected to increase to 45.8% by 2030. Engagement in regular physical activity has been shown to significantly attenuate non-communicable diseases including type-2 diabetes. However, the overall rate of physical inactivity among Saudi Arabian adults is currently 80.5%, owing to time pressures, high-density traffic, poor air quality, lack of suitable exercise places/sports facilities, lack of social/friends support, gender, cultural barriers, low self-confidence, lack of time and environmental factors. Previous analyses have shown that home-based activity interventions can be effective. Therefore, given the aforementioned barriers to physical activity in Saudi Arabia; a home-based physical activity may be an ideal solution in type-2 diabetic patients. This manuscript describes the study protocol for a randomized control trial, examining the effects of a home-based physical activity intervention in Saudi Arabian adults with type-2 diabetes. The study will recruit 62 individuals with type-2 diabetes from the Jazan region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who will be individually randomized to either a physical activity or control group. This 24-week investigation will involve 12-weeks of physical activity in the physical activity group and feature three examination points i.e., baseline, 12-weeks and 24-weeks (follow-up). The primary study outcome is the between-group difference in blood HbA1c levels relative to controls. Secondary outcomes measures will be between-group differences in anthropometric, blood lipid, physical fitness, and patient-reported quality of life outcomes pertinent to type-2 diabetes. Statistical analysis will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis. The trial has been granted ethical approval by Jazan University, Health Research Ethics Committee (REF: 2177) and formally registered as a trial (NCT04937296). We expect dissemination of the study findings from this investigation to be through publication in a leading peer-reviewed journal.

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Alzahrani, Mohammed Abdullah A. "Teachers’ Knowledge of Diabetes and Attitudes towards Diabetic Students in the Primary Schools in Al Baha City in Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 7, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.7n.2p.156.

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The lifestyle in Saudi Arabia has changed significantly during the last few decades since oil was discovered in 1938. This discovery led to an economic revolution in Saudi Arabia. However, this resulted in people changing their eating habits, which included eating fast food due to their new work responsibilities. Therefore, some chronic diseases such as diabetes, which is one of the most widespread chronic diseases in Saudi Arabia, became more common. This study aims to investigate teachers’ attitudes towards diabetic pupils and teachers’ knowledge of diabetes as a chronic disease in governmental primary schools in a city in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is a survey-based research study of the attitudes and teachers’ knowledge of diabetes and the research used a quantitative methodology to answer the research questions. The sample of the study consisted of 59 teachers in the governmental primary male schools with mixed background variables of, for example, majors, teaching experiences, and levels of education. The study used a questionnaire in order to achieve research questions. It included two scales: the teachers’ knowledge of diabetes and an attitude scale towards diabetic students as well as the items of these two-scale knowledge tests and attitude scale developed by the researcher. The findings demonstrate that there was not a statistical difference between the teachers’ knowledge test and their six different majors. On the other hand, the teaching experience had a positive impact on teachers’ attitude towards diabetic students. Although the negative correlation between teachers’ knowledge of diabetes and their attitude towards diabetic students was small, this value could still suggest a negative correlation. The current study can lead to increased awareness of teachers and educational policy-makers to take into consideration training teachers in some common chronic diseases such as diabetes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

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Alsuliman, Mohammed, Qi Zhang, Shelley Mishoe, and Praveen Durgampudi. "The Risk Factors for Physical Activity among Individuals Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia." Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences 11, no. 1 (2023): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/mjhs.2023.01.009.

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Background and Aims: In Saudi Arabia, diabetes is prevalent. Lack of physical activity (PA) is a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) worldwide. However, there is little research on PA among Saudis with T2DM. The study aimed to investigate personal and cognitive-perceptual factors for PA among Saudis with T2DM. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 808 Saudi adults with T2DM from the Saudi Health Interview Survey (SHIS) for 2013. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to examine the risk factors for PA among Saudis with T2DM. Results: The prevalence of physical activity was 9.1% in Saudi adults with T2DM. In the adjusted models, younger age (AOR = 2.77), higher education (AOR = 3.14), and health professional support for treatment (AOR = 0.35) were predictors of physical activity. Conclusions: The study suggested further investigation on elders’ physical function and those who had low education. Healthcare providers should consider balancing between treatment and promoting lifestyle change for Saudi individuals with T2DM. In addition, Longitudinal studies with large sample size at national and regional levels are needed to further examine the personal and psychological risk factor in Saudis with T2DM.

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El Hazmi, Mohsen A. F., A. B. Warsy, and R. Sulairnani. "Diabetesmellitus as a health problem in Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 4, no. 1 (January 15, 1998): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/1998.4.1.58.

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A total of 25 337 Saudis [11 713 males [46.2%] and 13 624 females [53.8%] were screened for diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance using WHO criteria for diagnosis. The prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in the total Saudi male population was 0.23%, 5.63% and 0.50% respectively, and in the total Saudi female population was 0.30%, 4.53% and 0.72% respectively. Differences were observed in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance between the provinces. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus increased to 28.82% and 24.92% in males and females respectively over the age of 60 years, while impaired glucose tolerance increased to 1.60% and 3.56%

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Abomughaid, Mosleh Mohammad. "Isolation and Identification of Fungi from Clinical Samples of Diabetic Patients and Studying the Anti-Fungal Activity of Some Natural Oils on Isolated Fungi." Baghdad Science Journal 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 0462. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2021.18.3.0462.

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Isolation of fungi was performed from February to July, 2019. One hundred clinical specimens were collected from King Abdullah Hospital (KAH) Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Samples were collected from twenty patients of different ages (30 - 70 years old) ten males and ten females. The samples were collected from patients with the two types of diabetics. Specimens included blood, hair, nail, oral swabs and skin. Specimens were inoculated on Sabourauds Dextrose agar containing chloramphenicol. Thirteen fungal species were isolated and identified. The isolated species were: Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. terrus, A. nidulans, A. fumigatus, Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. Tropicalis, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium solani, Penicillium marneffei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Identification of molds was carried out morphologically and microscopically using available methods and books of identification, while identification of yeasts was carried out using API system. C. albicans recorded the highest isolated number where 31 colonies were isolated from 18 patients, representing relative density of 22.5%. (R. D.: is the number of a certain fungal species divided by the total number of fungi). Other isolated fungal species recorded relative density less than 16 %. The most common isolated fungus Candida albicans was molecularly identified using the 5.8S and flanking ITS regions. The antifungal activity of some natural essential oils (cinnamon, thyme, coconut, almond and clove) was assayed against isolated fungi using disk diffusion method. The used concentration was 5 µl / plate. The MIC values were also determined using different oil concentrations (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 µl / disc).

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Journal articles on the topic 'Diabetics Saudi Arabia'

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