Academic literature on the topic 'Diabetics Saudi Arabia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Diabetics Saudi Arabia"
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Akbar, D. H. "Cardiovascular risk factors in Saudi Arabian and non-Saudi Arabian diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 9, no. 5-6 (March 31, 2003): 884–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2003.9.5-6.884.
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To determine frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in Saudi and non-Saudi diabetics, we studied patients attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital for follow-up in the period January 1997 to December 2001. Cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and smoking, were studied as well as degree of blood glucose control. Of 1122 patients in the study, 48% were Saudis and 52% non-Saudis. No statistically significant difference was found for prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors between the two groups. Correlation of each of the risk factors to patient’s age showed significant correlation to hypertension and smoking
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Almottowa, Hisham, Abbas Aldurayhim, Amer Alsaeri, Marooh Mnayan, Faisal Alghamdi, Theyab Alghamdi, Ohud Althagafi, Omar Alfaqih, Majid Al Sannaa, and Maram Hassan. "Rates of Amputations Among Diabetics in Saudi Arabia." JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE SCIENCES 02, no. 04 (2022): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/johs.2022.2401.
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According to the World Health Organization Saudi Arabia has the second highest diabetes rate in the Middle East and ranks seventh globally. Around 7 million people are diabetic, and almost 3 million have pre-diabetes, according to estimates. Perhaps even more concerning is the recent increase in diabetes cases reported in Saudi Arabia. In fact, diabetes has risen by ten times in Saudi Arabia during the last three centuries. Diabetic foot ulcer is the leading source of morbidity and prolonged hospitalization, with approximately twice the likelihood of amputations compared to ulcers that are not infected. Diabetic foot ulcer affects 6.3% of the world's population, with men being more prone to developing them. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about rates of amputation among diabetics in Saudi Arabia. Even though diabetes is a significant public health concern in the Middle East and North Africa area, with high incidence of diabetic foot problems, data on prevalence and mortality among this high-risk group is scarce. As the prevalence of the diabetes is increasing in Saudi Arabia so are the diabetes related complications and diabetic foot complications are becoming more common as well. To analyse the existing condition and audit the ongoing prevention programs, large community-based surveys must be conducted. Efforts must be made to minimize the risk of amputation as well as fatalities among diabetic foot problems patients
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Almottowa, Hisham, Abbas Aldurayhim, Amer Alsaeri, Marooh Mnayan, Faisal Alghamdi, Theyab Alghamdi, Ohud Althagafi, Omar Alfaqih, Majid Al Sannaa, and Maram Hassan. "Rates of Amputations Among Diabetics in Saudi Arabia." Journal of Healthcare Sciences 02, no. 04 (2022): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/johs.2022.2402.
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According to the World Health Organization Saudi Arabia has the second highest diabetes rate in the Middle East and ranks seventh globally. Around 7 million people are diabetic, and almost 3 million have pre-diabetes, according to estimates. Perhaps even more concerning is the recent increase in diabetes cases reported in Saudi Arabia. In fact, diabetes has risen by ten times in Saudi Arabia during the last three centuries. Diabetic foot ulcer is the leading source of morbidity and prolonged hospitalization, with approximately twice the likelihood of amputations compared to ulcers that are not infected. Diabetic foot ulcer affects 6.3% of the world's population, with men being more prone to developing them. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about rates of amputation among diabetics in Saudi Arabia. Even though diabetes is a significant public health concern in the Middle East and North Africa area, with high incidence of diabetic foot problems, data on prevalence and mortality among this high-risk group is scarce. As the prevalence of the diabetes is increasing in Saudi Arabia so are the diabetes related complications and diabetic foot complications are becoming more common as well. To analyse the existing condition and audit the ongoing prevention programs, large community-based surveys must be conducted. Efforts must be made to minimize the risk of amputation as well as fatalities among diabetic foot problems patients.
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Alsanad, Saud, Tamer Aboushanab, Mohammed Khalil, and Osama A. Alkhamees. "A Descriptive Review of the Prevalence and Usage of Traditional and Complementary Medicine among Saudi Diabetic Patients." Scientifica 2018 (August 29, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6303190.
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Diabetes mellitus represents a major burden in Saudi Arabia where seven million (20% of population) are living with diabetes. This article reviews the literature on usage of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) therapies among Saudi diabetic patients, focusing in particular on identifying the prevalence as well as discussing their safety and efficacy. Three databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect) were searched prior to December 10, 2017, for articles published in peer-reviewed journals that reported primary data on the use of traditional and complementary medicine therapies among diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia. Six studies were selected according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. In conclusion, the prevalence of use of T&CM therapies among diabetics in Saudi Arabia was 32.18%. This review identified that the most used T&CM therapy among diabetics was herbal treatment. The most used herbs were fenugreek, black seeds, neem, myrrh, helteet, harmel, and aloes. There is insufficient or little evidence to support the efficacy of the most identified herbs and therapies. This review is raising the safety concerns about the used herbs and complementary therapies which were commonly used without any medical consultation.
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Alwin Robert, Asirvatham, and Mohamed Abdulaziz Al Dawish. "Microvascular complications among patients with diabetes: An emerging health problem in Saudi Arabia." Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research 16, no. 3 (January 1, 2019): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1479164118820714.
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Diabetes mellitus, besides disrupting the carbohydrate metabolism process, also induces vascular disease and impacts nearly all the types and sizes of blood vessels. In fact, vascular complications cause majority of the morbidity, hospitalizations and mortality of patients with diabetes mellitus. Retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy (microvascular complications) impact hundreds of millions of diabetics and normally target those having long-term or uncontrolled forms of the disease; however, these disorders can also exist at the time of diagnosis or in those yet to be diagnosed. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the biggest country in the Middle East that occupies around four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula supporting a population of more than 33.3 million people. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing at an alarming rate in Saudi Arabia. Over 25% of the adult population is suffering and that figure is projected to more than double by 2030. In fact, diabetes mellitus has approximately registered a 10-fold upsurge in the past three decades in Saudi Arabia. However, the prevalence and risk factors of microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients have not yet been clearly documented in Saudi Arabia. Hence, in this review, we aim to provide an overview of the microvascular complications among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia, utilizing data from the currently available published literature. This is an attempt to facilitate the government and healthcare systems aware of the enormous worth of prevention, early detection and appropriate management of such microvascular complications.
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Sami, Waqas, Khalid M. Alabdulwahhab, Mohd Rashid Ab Hamid, Tariq A. Alasbali, Fahd Al Alwadani, and Mohammad Shakil Ahmad. "Dietary Knowledge among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes—Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030858.
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Dietary management is considered as a major step in assessing a patient’s knowledge related to nutritional aspects, treatment, and complications of diabetes. Diabetes patients frequently face difficulty in identifying the recommended diet, including its quality and quantity. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), sedentary lifestyle, along with food choices and portion sizes, have increased considerably and this has resulted in the soaring risk of diabetes. In addition, there is paucity of literature focusing on the Dietary Knowledge (DK) of type 2 diabetics in KSA. The study aimed to assess and evaluate the DK of type 2 diabetics. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 type 2 diabetics using a valid and reliable self-prepared questionnaire comprising of 21 questions. Results showed that type 2 diabetics had an overall poor DK (28.57%). Sub-group analysis further revealed that diabetes patients had poor knowledge related to the consumption of carbohydrates and food choices, whereas they had good knowledge related to lipids and fats, proteins and food types. The role of diet in controlling of diabetes is considered imperative, but still, diabetes patients are unaware how they should approach this issue. The patient empowerment approach can be used to counsel patients with a poor DK. Primary care physicians and dietitians should work together and carry out individualized, tailored and patient-centered dietary education sessions.
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Sami, W., and M. R. Ab Hamid. "Lipid profile of type 2 diabetics in Almajmaah, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1366 (November 2019): 012131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1366/1/012131.
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Aldukhayel, Abdulrhman. "The magnitude, determinants and barriers for physical activities among diabetic patients in Qassim area of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, no. 3 (May 22, 2018): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20181664.
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Background: To review the level of physical activity (PA) among adult diabetics and barriers to PA in this population.Methods: This survey was performed in 2017 and enrolled adult diabetics from primary health center of the National Guard in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. International Physical activity questionnaire was used to grade the level of PA. The three intensities of PA (walking, moderate and vigorous exercise), and number of days per week and hours per day were queried for each participant. Metabolic equivalent (MET), a proxy indicator of PA was calculated. Data were analyzed for associations to demographic and diabetes-related factors. Participants were queried on barriers to PA such as time, space, high cost, physical disability, preoccupation with other priorities and languor. Results: We interviewed 395 diabetic patients. The low and moderate levels of PA were noted for 320 (81%) and 75 (19%) participants respectively. None had a high level of PA. Gender (P=0.4), age (P=0.45), body mass index (P=0.66) were not associated to PA. Joint problems (43%), languor (35.2%) and family time (33.9%) were the main barriers that lowered PA. Conclusions: There was a low level of PA among diabetics in Qassim. Barriers to PA should be proactively addressed during patient counseling to improve PA in this population. Counseling direct towards increasing PA may mitigate the physically disabling complications of cardiovascular events among diabetics.
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Ahmed Al-Ali, Sadiq. "Screening of Diabetic Patients for Frailty with the Frail Scale: A Comparison with the Fried’s Phenotype Criteria in Saudi Arabia." Diabetes & Obesity International Journal 6, no. 3 (2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/doij-16000244.
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Background and Aims: Frailty is a serious health issue that is associated with the decline of muscle and nerve functions. Several conditions have been associated with frailty, such as dementia, cancer, and diabetes. The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of frailty in Saudi diabetic patients and assess the association between diabetes and frailty. Also, to investigate if the FRAIL scale is an adequate tool to identify frail patients to pre-frail and healthy patients. Methods: Seventy-eight participants were divided into three categories; group-I, the control group, included 31 healthy men 65 to 75 years, group-II 25 patients with DM2 aged 50–64, and group-III included 22 patients with DM2 aged 65–80 years old. Frailty index using Fried’s criteria (CHS) and FRAIL scale was determined for all the participants. In ROC analysis, we evaluated diagnostic accuracy and AUC areas of the FRAIL scale compared with the CHS criteria. Results: Frail patients were more in Group II and III (diabetics) (44%, 55%) respectively than in Group-I (non-diabetics) 10%. People aged 63 years old or more are more likely to have frailty syndrome. Diabetic patients with FBG level ≥ 220 mg/dL, HbA1c level ≥ 9.5%, are more likely to be frail patients (P-values: 0.029, 0.002) respectively. Comparisons of the FRAIL scale to CHS components showed an independent diagnostic property. Conclusion: Frailty is a very serious condition, and it’s a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. FRAIL scale is a promising diagnostic tool, and more diagnostic studies are recommended.
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El Hazmi, M. A. F., and A. S. Warsy. "Prevalence of overwieght and obesity in diabetic and non-diabetic Saudis." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 6, no. 2-3 (June 15, 2000): 276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2000.6.2-3.276.
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A total of 14 660 individuals were included in the study. A fasting blood sample and 2-hour post-glucose load blood sample from each participant were analysed for blood sugar. Participants were classified as diabetic or non-diabetic and as either obese [BMI > 30 kg/m2], overweight [BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2] or normal [BMI < 25 kg/m2]. The prevalence of obesity was calculated in the total sample and separately for diabetic and non-diabetic males and females. The results showed obesity and overweight in 13.05% and 27.23% of males and 20.26% and 25.20% of females respectively. The prevalence of both obesity and overweight were significantly higher among diabetics than non-diabetics. In each province, diabetics had a significantly higher prevalence of obesity than non-diabetics. Several interprovincial variations were seen. Public education on obesity and overweight and ways to decrease them are recommended in Saudi Arabia
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diabetics Saudi Arabia"
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Al-Kadi, Khulud. "Telecare for managing diabetes in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/2985/.
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Saudi Arabia is struggling to provide quality healthcare services in light of the growing population, rapid spread of chronic diseases, and limited resources available. In addition to these obstacles, the Saudi society is a highly conservative one, and certain traditions may sometimes limit how healthcare services can be offered. This work examines the impact of a Telecare solution on the healthcare system at the National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA). It focuses on diabetes, and the challenges faced by both the healthcare officials at NGHA, and the patients. These challenges also include social factors that may pose at obstacle in delivering healthcare services. The ‘Telecare for Managing Diabetes – TeMaD’ system is designed and developed using the Soft Systems Methodology. It was then integrated into the hospital information systems at King Abdulaziz Medical City in the Central Region, and consisted of 52 participating patients, and four involved Diabetic Educators. HbA1c levels of all patients were recorded prior to commencement of the study. Patients were required to use TeMaD for a 3-month period, then, had their HbA1c levels recorded again after completion of the study. Overall observation of the results showed a reduction in the HbA1c levels of 83% of the patients. Participating patients expressed their acceptance of the system, indicating that TeMaD allowed them to overcome some obstacles such as lack of transportation. It also assisted the majority of participants to better manage their diabetes and ease communication with their diabetic educators. Most patients requested that the system be offered permanently at the clinic. Diabetic educators were in favour of integrating TeMaD into the current healthcare system at NGHA, and they were enthusiastic about its numerous benefits. Telecare solutions can be used to enhance the quality of healthcare services, meet current demands, and address obstacles faced by the healthcare system in Saudi Arabia, including social factors that are unique. They can be adopted by neighbouring Gulf States which share common obstacles in healthcare.
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Aloudah, Nouf Mohammad. "Oral hypoglycaemic medication adherence in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231048.
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Diabetes has been labelled as one of the largest crises in the twenty-first century. Saudi Arabia is one of the top 10 countries for prevalence of diabetes and one in five people has the condition. Medication adherence assessment is vital to help clinicians reach therapy outcomes and identify gaps in patient management. The aim of this PhD was to explore oral hypoglycaemic medication (OHM) adherence in patients with Type 2 diabetes patients in Saudi Arabia and to identify factors associated with OHM adherence. The aim was addressed by: 1) Conducting a systematic review to identify which tools could be used to measure adherence to OHM as well as to quantify adherence levels across different countries; 2) Undertaking a cross-sectional study to quantify the prevalence of adherence to OHM in a group of patients in Saudi Arabia using a validated measure of adherence. An interview study on a subset of these patients then explored in detail Type 2 diabetic patients' beliefs and attitudes towards their OHM regimen, including factors which helped or hindered their medication taking behaviour. The systematic review included 37 studies. It showed that the level of OHM adherence varied widely across all measures: 36% to 95% when dispensing records were used, 37% to 98% with self-report, and 17% to 97% with pill counts. The term 'adherence' was most commonly used. There was no identified studies assessing OHM adherence in Saudi Arabia. The cross-sectional study showed that the level of OHM adherence was 40%, Lower adherence was associated with patients of younger age (OR, 1.084; 95% CI, 1.056-1.112), individual taking a higher number of non-OHM (OR, 0.848; 95% CI, 0.728-0.986) and having a higher HbA1c level (OR, 0.808; 95% CI, 0.691-0.943). The interview study identified several factors affecting OHM adherence using a validated theoretical framework. Facilitators of OHM adherence were OHM scheduling, knowledge about OHM, knowledge on other relevant behaviours such as diet and physical activity, knowing how to take OHM appropriately and how to manage hypoglycaemia. In addition, OHM adherence was facilitated by beliefs of preventing diabetic complications, avoiding insulin injections, achieving an improved quality of life, accepting diabetes, being optimistic about the future, and having high self-confidence. Conversely, barriers to OHM adherence were forgetfulness, cognitive overload, lack of knowledge of sexual health implications of OHM, and knowledge of OHM side effects or drug-drug interactions. Furthermore, side effects of OHM such as weight gain or hypoglycaemia, knowing how to measure blood sugar, feeling no symptoms, and having many medications to take were additional barriers to OHM adherence. The MASA study also showed that there are several social- and physical-related factors affecting OHM adherence such as the patient-physician relationship and perceived family support. The work in this PhD suggests that targeting suboptimal OHM adherence behaviour needs to be done in a comprehensive manner. The key benefit is to provide future researchers with a comprehensive range of factors that can be targeted when defining targets for an intervention(s). Further systematic intervention development and testing is required to choose and prioritise the most promising interventions to improve OHM adherence.
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Gazzaz, Zohair Jamil Ahmed. "Glucose intolerance in an urban male community in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/414.
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Most chronic non-communicable diseases result from a complex interaction between heredity and environmental factors. With better living conditions and adoption of western lifestyles in developing countries, there is an increased incidence of these diseases, the most common of which is diabetes. This study documents the prevalence of NIDDM, lOT, hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidaemia in an urban male community [n= 125] in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It also examines OGl'T reproducibility [n=35]; the influence of diet and physical activity; the differences in these aspects between nationals and non-nationals and the metabolic responses following the OGTT between the glucose tolerance groups [n=43]. Glucose intolerance, NIDDM [14%] and ICiT [27%], were very common. Overall, CVD risk factors such as smoking [43%], obesity [29%], hypertension [5%], hypercholesterolaemia [7%], hypertriglyceridaemia [14%], occurring in association with diabetes were high. Clustering of other risk factors such as abdominal obesity, hyperinsulinaemia and hyperproinsulinaemia were also shown. The OGTT is a poorly reproducible test in this community and a further confirmatory test is always required to establish the diagnosis of glucose intolerance. The dietary habit and food item record identified recognizable features characteristic of this community, which were affected by both the cultural and the social background. However, no differences were found between the glucose tolerance groups. Physical inactivity was a major lifestyle problem and the inactive group tended to have increased risk factors, although differences were not significant. These environmental factors could not, however, be excluded as possible causative factors in the high prevalence of glucose intolerance and CVD risk factors in this community as the sample was small. Subjects with 101' tended to have intermediate levels of risk factors and this study favours identifying IGT as an independent category which lies between normal and NIDDM. Ethnic differences should be considered whenever possible particularly in this multinational community, since 40 % of this community were non-nationals. Nationals differed in certain dietary aspects and they tended to be inactive, otherwise no other significant differences existed between the groups. As shown in different populations, those identified as ICT or NIDDM in this community, were characterised by hyperfunction of the a-cell in IGT, hypofunction of the a-cell in NIDDM and associated with immature secretion of proinsulin. The insulin resistance which was profound in NIDDM and intermediate in TOT was characterised by high glycerol and NEFA which were suggestive of insulin insensitivity at the level of adipose tissue. Large-scale and prospective studies are strongly recommended. Meanwhile, primary prevention measures are urgently required as these findings pose a significant public health problem.
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Alotaibi, Mohammed. "An intelligent mobile diabetes management and educational system for Saudi Arabia (SAED)." Thesis, Kingston University, 2014. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/40767/.
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Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease that affects approximately 382.8 million people worldwide. Globally, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has the seventh highest prevalence of diabetes, with over one-fifth of the Saudi population diagnosed with diabetes. Poor understanding and low health awareness, in parallel with lifestyle choices are considered the main components behind the increase of diabetes and diabetes-related complications in KSA. There is also a lack of diabetes speciality centres, especially in remote areas of KAS. Moreover, diabetes management becomes more complicated during the Ramadan month because people observe fasting throughout the month. The month long fasting process complicates the disease status of Saudi diabetic patients with potential complications post the fasting period. In this thesis, we present the design and development of a novel and intelligent mobile diabetes management system tailored for type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients in Saudi Arabia with the focus on the integration of educational and compliance issues, which we name as the SAED system. The system was validated in two preliminary pilots in the Kingdom, one pilot being specifically dsigned to evaluate the system for diabetic patient during Ramadan fasting month. The outcomes of the clinical pilot indicated the clear effectiveness of the SAED system in lowering the HbA1c levels. The system was tested for its performance through a randomized control trial on 20 diabetic patients for a period of six months in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The outcomes of the pilot study showed improvements in the HbA1c levels of patients and also significant improvements in diabetes knowledge amongst the patients. The HbA1c levels of the diabetic patients in the SAED intervention group decreased from 8.76% to 7.85%. The diabetic knowledge test outcomes of the diabetic patients in the SAED intervention group significantly improved from 46.20% to 61.10%. Further, our study also tested the SAED system on diabetic patients during the Ramadan period. This is important because fasting is observed during the Ramadan month which can significantly affect the diabetes management and diagnosis amongst the patients. The study for the Ramadan period was conducted on another 20 patients using the similar approach described above. The results from the clinical trial indicated significant reductions in the number of hypoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic events during the month of Ramadan in patients who used the SAED system. The diabetes knowledge test outcomes also significantly rose from 44.60% to 64.10%. The SAED system for diabetes management using mobile technologies in KSA has been proven to be successful in improving the diagnosis and management of diabetes amongst the patients. The SAED system offers an inexpensive, practically feasible solution for diabetes self-management in KSA. Considering the social, economic, and political conditions in KSA, the SAED system can enhance the quality of healthcare provided to patients, lead to better utilization of resources, provide timely interventions, and improve the overall quality of life of diabetic patients and their family and friends.
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Alharbi, Nouf S. "Towards the holistic management of diabetes in Saudi Arabia : a multi-method study." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/846415/.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the managing of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in the Saudi healthcare system. This country was chosen for examination because it has been undergoing major demographic, social and economic changes which have caused an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases, including diabetes. This study adopted the World Health Organization's (WHO) Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework (ICCCF). This framework provided a comprehensive basis for assessing the Saudi healthcare system by addressing its components at the macro (policy), meso (healthcare organizations and community), and micro (patient and family) levels. In accordance with these three health system strata, a flexible multimethod approach was adopted by using primary and secondary data in three phases. To explore the policy environment of the Saudi health care system, the first phase involved analysing 35 national and regional T2DM documents according to four dimensions of Walt and Gilson’s health policy analysis framework: content, actors, context, and process. The second phase aimed to explore healthcare professionals’ perceptions of the barriers and facilitators of an effective healthcare organization and of community partnerships to enable T2DM management. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 participants from various healthcare fields and thematic analyses were applied. The third phase aimed to assess the patients’ experiences and their interactions with healthcare providers. In this phase, the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) survey was translated into Arabic using the WHO Steps of Translation and Adaptation of Instruments, and distributed among 575 diabetes patients in four specialized diabetes clinics. Although T2DM has highly recognised at the macro level, several challenges were identified through the documents analysis and were also highlighted during the second phase of the study. These challenges included: unreliable health information systems, a lack of multisectoral collaboration, and a lack of public awareness. At the meso level, the interview data identified three themes: the cultural determinants of T2DM, the limitations of key support systems, and recommendations for improving the support systems for T2DM patients. Within the identified themes, a number of subthemes were identified, including: physical inactivity, reliance on traditional treatments, unhealthy dietary patterns, poor primary healthcare services, lack of reliable data, shortage of qualified staff, poor guidelines dissemination, enhancing the multisectorial collaboration, and community partnerships. At the micro level, the mean score of the PACIC survey was lower in comparison to similar studies conducted internationally (mean = 2.55 out of 5). Patients scored on average 2.69 for ‘patient activation’, 3.02 for ‘delivery system/practice design’, 2.29 for ‘goal setting/tailoring’, 2.10 for ‘follow-up/coordination’, and 2.84 for ‘problem solving/contextual domain’. In addition, the reported glycaemic control measures indicated that only 17% of participants had controlled blood glucose levels (≤ 7%) which is equivalent to 8.6 mmol/L. The ICCC framework was a useful tool for exploring the main weaknesses and strengths of the Saudi healthcare system. However, it was observed that the ICCC did not significantly recognize community sensitivity, particularly community culture, religion, norms, and beliefs. Nevertheless, this study generated new knowledge about T2DM management systems in Saudi Arabia by exploring how the performance of the healthcare system is shaped by the processes occurring at the different levels; therefore. It contributes to the body of knowledge on health system research.
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Alkhudairi, Bander. "Technology acceptance issues for a mobile application to support diabetes patients in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2016. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/49c72f6c-e18a-421a-bd51-f058aeeafc66.
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Saudi Arabia is a developing country faced with numerous economic, political and societal challenges. The country’s healthcare sector is in serious need of improvement due tofactors like a dilapidated transport network, suppression of women’s rights, the existence of many foreign nationals and health centers which are clustered around population centers and thus unequal to the task of providing convenient, prompt healthcare to some sections of the population. The introduction of a mobile application to manage a chronic disease such as diabetes could make it easier for patients to manage their illness and communicate with their healthcare specialists remotely; thus reducing the expense and time involved in attending appointments; as well as receiving vital information on areas such as diet, exercise and blood glucose monitoring alerts. Extensive applications in mHealth are being used globally with some success. However, Saudi Arabia has its own limitationsand is a very specific social and cultural context,and this study aims to fill the knowledge gap in the literature about how such mHealth technology would be accepted by Saudi diabetics, doctors and diabetes specialists; and a specially adapted theoretical model of technology acceptance was used. Male and female specialist doctors were interviewed and patients and doctors surveyedby means of an online questionnaire. All participants were asked to watch a short video,especially designed by the researcher to fit the Saudi context, about the functions of a diabetes management application. This primary data is a vital contribution to the understanding of the problems faced at present by Saudi diabetics in receiving adequate care and self-managing their illness, as well as providing an insight into the current state of technology acceptance for mHealth applications in Saudi Arabia. Findings reveal that both doctors and patients are generally positive about using a diabetes mHealth application but some wouldneed training, and there were concerns about privacy issues and whether its use would make more work for doctors. Culture, gender, age, education levels, income and locationwere found to impact adoption of technology in the Saudi context. The study seeks to make practical recommendations for Saudi healthcare providers and recommends starting with an IVR system based on the COSMOS Model, which addresses many of the challenges in self-management of diabetes. Furthermore, the diabetes management application ‘Glucose Buddy’ was evaluated and findings suggest that with incentives and training, this could be successfully implemented. Face-to-face communication is a major limitation in mHealth but at least patients receive care between appointments, and female patients unwilling to see male specialists can receive information and contact their hospital. The study concludes that mHealth is workable in Saudi Arabia and the model is scalable; as literacy and educational level rises, more sophisticated applications could be used. Finally, the study notes its limitations and uses them to make recommendations for further research.
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Al, Quwaidhi Abdulkareem Jassem A. "Epidemiological modelling of type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia : predicted trends and public health implications." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2168.
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Background: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia faces one of the highest prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the world. However, there are no credible local data on the trends and future projections of the disease, and the relevant international studies underestimated the true prevalence rates. This thesis used epidemiological modelling to study the trends in T2DM prevalence in Saudi Arabia, predicted its future levels, and quantified the impact of reducing some risk factors on the disease prevalence trends. Methods: This thesis developed and validated the “Saudi IMPACT Diabetes Forecast Model”, which integrates data on the population, obesity and smoking prevalence trends in Saudis aged ≥25 years to estimate the trends in T2DM prevalence (1992-2022) using a Markov modelling approach. The model considers different reasonable scenarios of future trends in obesity prevalence, and incorporates a number of parameters to model the disease epidemiology. These parameters include the estimated diabetes incidence, case-fatality, total mortality, relative risk of diabetes if obese, and relative risk of diabetes if a smoker. The model data inputs and parameters were obtained from different sources, including local departments, medical literature and assumptions. The model results were validated against local data from the STEPwise survey in 2005, and against the model of the Global Burden of Disease study, where the model produced reasonably close results to both of these studies. Results: The prevalence of T2DM among the Saudi population aged ≥25 years was estimated to rise substantially during the 30-year period of 1992-2022 from 8.5% to 39.5%, assuming some levelling off of obesity trends (capping), or to 44.1%, assuming uncapped increasing obesity trends. In men, T2DM prevalence was estimated to increase from 8.7% to 39.2% with capped obesity trends, or to 41.3% with continuing linear increase in obesity trends. In women, T2DM prevalence was estimated to increase from 8.2% to 39.8% with capping of obesity trends, or to 47.7% without such a capping. The model showed that if the trends in obesity start to decline by 10% in 12 years (2010-2022), a relative reduction of 13% in diabetes prevalence could be achieved. If the prevalence of obesity was halted at the 2010 levels, a 10% relative reduction in diabetes prevalence could be attained by 2022. ii Conclusion: T2DM is currently a major public health challenge in Saudi Arabia, and this thesis predicted that its burden will increase substantially in the next decade. Intensive and aggressive preventive measures directed to reduce the levels of risk factors, particularly obesity and smoking, can result in reasonable reduction of the disease prevalence, and therefore should be an urgent action.
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Alanzi, Turki. "Mobile diabetes management system for Saudi Arabia embedding social networking and cognitive behavioral therapy modules." Thesis, Kingston University, 2014. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/37308/.
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We present in this thesis the design and development of a new mobile diabetes management system for social behavioural change and management tailored for Saudi diabetic patients (SANAD - Saudi Arabia Networking for Aiding Diabetes). The hey goals of SANAD are to close the diabetes management loop by providing remote monitoring for diabetic patients, a further therapeutic channel to the patient, an opportunity to increase diabetic patients' health awareness, and feedback to help diabetic patients maintain a regular blood glucose level. The key system components consist of: (i) a smart mobile diabetes management module (MDM-M) used for collecting blodd glucose data; (ii) a social networking module (SN-M), acting as an enhancement module for the MDM-M, the key function of which is currently focused on education purposes; and (iii) a cognitive behavioral therapy module (CBT-M),a cting as a supplementary module to MDM-M. This module was designed on the smart mobile platform and used only by patients who require CBT therapeutic intervention. A usability study for the SANAD system is also presented in this thesis to validate the acceptability of using mobile technologies amongst diabetic patient in KSA and Gulf region. The preliminary results of the study indicated general acceptance of the patients in using the system with higher usability rating in type 2 diabetic patients. In general, the study concluded that the concept of SANAD system is considered acceptable tool in particularly with Type 2 diabetes patients. A clinical evaluation study of SANAD system is also conducted in this thesis to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the system. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of SANAD system on: 1) improve glycaemic control; 2) improve health awareness; and 3) enhance self-efficacy. Secondary aims qualitatively evaluated the content of communication in SANAD system. The key preliminary results of this study provided in evidence that SANAD has a positive impact on promoting knowledge of diabetes in individuals living with type 2 diabetes, and reflects the generally positive outcomes of reducing glycated hemoglobin control (HbAlc (%)), and increasing self-efficacy.
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Aljohani, Khalid A. "Factors affecting the self-management practices of people with type 2 diabetes in Almadinah, Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2202.
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In the Middle Eastern Gulf Cooperation Countries, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing steadily. It has recently been estimated that up to 23% of the Saudi Arabian population meet the diagnostic criteria. Due to the potential for serious micro and macro-vascular complications such as peripheral vascular disease and nephropathy, T2DM places a significant burden on the individuals concerned and their families. In addition, T2DM is having catastrophic consequences for the health-care systems of many countries that are unable to cope with the increased demand for services. Furthermore, the prevalence is expected to increase and the burden of the disease is expected to worsen. As a consequence the Saudi government is implementing a number of strategies to address the issue, such as the National Plan to Combat Diabetes. The major problem is that T2DM is largely a lifestyle disease caused by an affluent diet and inactivity, and the goal of effective glycaemic control is impossible without competent patient self-management.This study identified factors affecting self-management practices among people who have T2DM in Almadinah, Saudi Arabia. The study had three phases. The first phase involved the development of a valid questionnaire instrument to measure diabetes self-management practices in Arabic speaking populations. The Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA) instrument was translated into Arabic and validated according to the World Health Organisation’s Steps of Translation and Adaptation of Instruments. Two samples of T2DM participants were purposively recruited in this phase. The first sample consists of 33 while the second was 210 participants. Translation indicators showed satisfactory outcomes for each stage of the process.The Arabic Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (ASDSCA) instrument proved to have very acceptable psychometric properties: splithalf reliability (.90); test-retest (.912, p = <.001); and Cronbach’s alpha (.76). The internal consistency of the instrument’s sub-scales was good for diet (.89), exercise (.83), blood glucose testing (.92), and foot care (.77). Factor analysis revealed the presence of four components explaining 34.4%, 16%, 15.4%, and 11.2% of the variance of daily self-management practices for these items respectively (accumulated total of 77.1%). Based on these outcomes, the A-SDSCA was utilised in the second phase of the study.The second phase of the study measured diabetes self-management practices and identified socio-demographic factors affecting these practices. The sample of 210 T2DM participants purposively recruited from three primary health-care centres completed the A-SDCA (N=1,477). HbA1c scores indicated that only 30 (14.7%) participants had controlled blood glucose level (_ 7%). Bivariate analyses showed that blood glucose testing (85% _ four days/week) and exercise (47% _ two days/week) were the least practiced self-management activities. In contrast, selfmanagement levels were greatest for medication (75% 7days/week), diet (71% _ three days/week), and foot-care (56% _ three days/week). A regression model showed that high blood glucose level (-.122, p = .050) and smoking (-.192, p = .004) were negatively associated with self-management practices. On the other hand, being female (.321, p = .000) and having a good income (.129, p = .050) were positive factors. Overall, these factors accounted for 25% of the variability in everyday selfcare practices (R² = .251).The third phase further explored factors affecting self-management practices, not identified by the questionnaire alone. Using semi-structured interviews, qualitative data were collected from 24 T2DM participants and 12 health-care providers. Raw data were analysed by means of quantitative thematic analyses using the Chronic Care Model (CCM) as the conceptual framework. The result identified 30 sub-themes under the six CCM domains (themes). In total, 365 related statements were extracted. Major inputs were derived from health-care providers’ interviews (132 statements) followed by female (118 statements) and then male (115 statements) T2DM participants. Community domain was the most frequently identified theme (100 statements; 27%) while health system was the least frequently identified (38 statements; 10%). Factors relating to delivery system; decision making; clinical information system; and self-management represented 20%, 11%, 14% and 17% of the total identified statements, respectively.In conclusion, the fact that only 15% of participants had controlled glycaemic level despite a high level of dependence on medications is very good evidence that medication alone, is not the complete answer to the effective management of T2DM in the study context. The fact that the study participants demonstrated low levels of compliance with most other self-management practices indicates that they were facing difficulties and obstacles to practice optimal self-management activities. Furthermore, these findings reflect serious limitations in the way T2DM self-management is promoted and enhanced in the various study locations. The ASDSCA could be utilized by health-care researchers to measure self-management practices among T2DM people. Furthermore, the instrument might be used to measure improvements in self-management practices before and after self-management programs application.
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Alqahtani, Abdulrahman Habash. "Understanding the Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour (Practice) of Saudi Arabian Patients with Diabetes Type 2." Thesis, Curtin University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/75669.
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This qualitative study explored knowledge, attitude and practices of male T2DM patients in rural and urban populations of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Participants included 40 male patients aged 35 to 65 years with T2DM and 20 health care providers from rural and urban areas. Using a Grounded Theory approach three models were developed to describe the influences of T2DM management for rural patients; for urban patients and the perspectives of health care providers on T2DM management.
Book chapters on the topic "Diabetics Saudi Arabia"
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Al Dawish, Mohamed Abdulaziz, and Asirvatham Alwin Robert. "Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia." In Handbook of Healthcare in the Arab World, 1–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74365-3_45-1.
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Al Dawish, Mohamed Abdulaziz, and Asirvatham Alwin Robert. "Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia." In Handbook of Healthcare in the Arab World, 1083–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36811-1_45.
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Alotaibi, Mona, and Mike Joy. "Internet of Things (IoT) Based Support System for Diabetic Learners in Saudi Arabian High Schools." In Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 131–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80421-3_16.
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AlSanad, Abeer, and Nessrine Zemirli. "A Guideline for Using Knowledge Management in Telemedicine Systems Dedicated for Diabetes Patients in Saudi Arabia." In New Contributions in Information Systems and Technologies, 193–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16486-1_19.
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Alanzi, T. M., R. S. H. Istepanian, N. Philip, and A. Sungoor. "A Study on Perception of Managing Diabetes Mellitus through Social Networking in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." In IFMBE Proceedings, 1907–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00846-2_470.
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C. Gobin, Keisha, Jennifer S. Mills, and Joel D. Katz. "Psychotherapeutic Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." In Psychology and Patho-physiological Outcomes of Eating [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97653.
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This chapter explores the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This condition can lead to serious adverse health outcomes (e.g., cardiovascular disease, blindness, loss of limbs, etc.). Medical interventions alone are often not sufficient to manage the disease. Psychotherapy can promote behavioral change that improves medication adherence, dietary choices, exercise, stress, and other variables that affect blood sugar levels. The current chapter summarizes the trends in recent research for psychotherapeutic interventions for the management of T2DM. The results from 16 randomized controlled trials on cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, counseling, and mindfulness-based therapies are discussed. These interventions varied in length (3 to 18 months) and were conducted in many geographic regions (e.g., Australia, Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, and more). Changes in biological health outcomes (i.e., HbA1c levels) were the primary focus of this chapter, but diabetes-related behavioral changes (e.g., diet and exercise) and psychological variables (e.g., stress, depression, and well-being) are also discussed. This chapter highlights that recent research has provided the most support for mindfulness-based therapies for improving blood sugar levels in patients with T2DM.
Conference papers on the topic "Diabetics Saudi Arabia"
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Alotaibi, Mohammed. "A mobile Diabetes educational system for fasting Type-2 diabetics in Saudi Arabia." In 2015 2nd International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering (ICITACEE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitacee.2015.7437793.
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Alelyani, Salem, and Abdelrahman Ibrahim. "Would quantified self prevent obesity and diabetes among adults in Saudi Arabia?" In 2017 International Conference on Informatics, Health & Technology (ICIHT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciht.2017.7899149.
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Alotaibi, M. M., R. S. H. Istepanian, A. Sungoor, and N. Philip. "An intelligent mobile diabetes management and educational system for Saudi Arabia: System architecture." In 2014 IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bhi.2014.6864296.
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Alotaibi, Mohammed, and Islam Choudhury. "A social robotics children diabetes management and educational system for Saudi Arabia: System architecture." In 2015 Second International Conference on Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and Social Media (CSCESM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscesm.2015.7331888.
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Fatani, Faris Nabil, and Kkaled Alsurimi. "4 Accelerating hemoglobin (HbA1C) test results in follow-up diabetic clinics at a primary healthcare (PHC) center using the point-of- care HbA1c testing device." In Patient Safety Forum 2019, Conference Proceedings, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2019-psf.4.
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Nabrawi, Mutaz Fouad, Razaz Mohammed Wali, Mutaz Fouad Nabrawi, Saleem Abdullah Alsaedi, Abdullah Abdulaziz Altalhi, and Abdulrahman Abdullah Aldainy. "63 Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant patients attending national guard primary healthcare centers in jeddah city." In Patient Safety Forum 2019, Conference Proceedings, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2019-psf.63.
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