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Journal articles on the topic 'Dewetting processes'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Callegari, G., A. Calvo, and J. P. Hulin. "Dewetting processes in a cylindrical geometry." European Physical Journal E 16, no. 3 (February 7, 2005): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2004-10082-4.

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2

Edwards, Andrew M. J., Rodrigo Ledesma-Aguilar, Michael I. Newton, Carl V. Brown, and Glen McHale. "Not spreading in reverse: The dewetting of a liquid film into a single drop." Science Advances 2, no. 9 (September 2016): e1600183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600183.

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Wetting and dewetting are both fundamental modes of motion of liquids on solid surfaces. They are critically important for processes in biology, chemistry, and engineering, such as drying, coating, and lubrication. However, recent progress in wetting, which has led to new fields such as superhydrophobicity and liquid marbles, has not been matched by dewetting. A significant problem has been the inability to study the model system of a uniform film dewetting from a nonwetting surface to a single macroscopic droplet—a barrier that does not exist for the reverse wetting process of a droplet spreading into a film. We report the dewetting of a dielectrophoresis-induced film into a single equilibrium droplet. The emergent picture of the full dewetting dynamics is of an initial regime, where a liquid rim recedes at constant speed and constant dynamic contact angle, followed by a relatively short exponential relaxation of a spherical cap shape. This sharply contrasts with the reverse wetting process, where a spreading droplet follows a smooth sequence of spherical cap shapes. Complementary numerical simulations and a hydrodynamic model reveal a local dewetting mechanism driven by the equilibrium contact angle, where contact line slip dominates the dewetting dynamics. Our conclusions can be used to understand a wide variety of processes involving liquid dewetting, such as drop rebound, condensation, and evaporation. In overcoming the barrier to studying single film-to-droplet dewetting, our results provide new approaches to fluid manipulation and uses of dewetting, such as inducing films of prescribed initial shapes and slip-controlled liquid retraction.

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3

Scandurra, Antonino, Maria Censabella, Stefano Boscarino, Guglielmo Guido Condorelli, Maria Grazia Grimaldi, and Francesco Ruffino. "Fabrication of Cu(II) oxide-hydroxide nanostructures onto graphene paper by laser and thermal processes for sensitive nano-electrochemical sensing of glucose." Nanotechnology 33, no. 4 (November 2, 2021): 045501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac2d0b.

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Abstract Glucose electrochemical sensors based on nanostructures of CuO/Cu(OH)2 onto graphene paper were prepared by thermal (solid) and nanosecond pulsed laser (molten phase) dewetting of a CuO layer 6 nm thin deposited by sputtering. Dewetted systems, obtained without the use of any binder, act as array of nanoelectrodes. Solid state and molten phase dewetting produce nanostructures of copper oxide-hydroxide with different average size, shape and surface composition. Molten phase dewetting originates particles with size below 100 nm, while solid state dewetting produces particles with average size of about 200 nm. Moreover, molten phase dewetting produce drop-shaped nanostructures, conversely nanostructures derived from solid state dewetting are multifaceted. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization revealed that the surface of nanostructures is formed by a copper(II) species CuO and Cu(OH)2. Shape of anodic branch of the cyclic voltammograms of glucose in alkali solution evidenced a convergent diffusion mechanism. Analytical performances in amperometric mode are as good as or better than other sensors based on copper oxide. Amperometric detection of glucose was done at potential as low as 0.4 V versus saturated calomel electrode by both types of electrodes. Linear range from 50 μM to 10 mM, sensitivity ranging from 7 to 43 μA cm−2 mM−1 and detection limit of 7 μM was obtained. Good analytical performances were obtained by laser dewetted electrodes with a low copper content up to 1.2 by atoms percentage of the surface. Analytical performance of the proposed electrodes is compliant for the determination of glucose both in blood serum, saliva or tear.

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4

Reiter, Guenter. "Unstable thin polymer films: rupture and dewetting processes." Langmuir 9, no. 5 (May 1993): 1344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00029a031.

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5

Rezende, C. A., L. T. Lee, and F. Galembeck. "Atomic Force Microscopy Applied to the Study of Dewetting Patterns of Thin Films from Polymer Solutions." Microscopy and Microanalysis 11, S03 (December 2005): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927605051019.

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Stable and defect-free films are required for many technological applications, while controlled dewetting processes are important for producing thin film microstructuring for microelectronics, optical devices and biochip technology. In this work, we study the dewetting features formed by drying an aqueous solution of a charged polymer deposited on a mica substrate. A rich variety of morphologies can be formed, including holes, polygonal networks, droplets and elongated structures. The dewetting behavior depends on film thickness and on the charge density on the polymer that can be controlled by surfactant addition. The various nanoscale morphological patterns that are formed may be applied as a potential method for surface nanostructuring.

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6

Oliveira, Bruno M. C., Ruben F. Santos, and Manuel F. Vieira. "In Situ Annealing Behavior of Cu Thin Films Deposited over Co-W Diffusion Barrier Layers." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (September 28, 2022): 9778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12199778.

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The development of new materials for the electronics industry has been in focus in recent years, as circuit miniaturization poses challenges for conventional solutions. Dewetting of Cu films over diffusion-barrier layers has fostered an interest in developing new solutions with lower interfacial energies, to withstand processing and service life. Co-W is a candidate material for seedless Cu-interconnect deposition, but its behavior during annealing is still not properly addressed. This study used an in situ scanning-electron-microscopy (SEM) approach to assess how heating rates affect dewetting behavior, as well as to determine the limits of annealing of 40 nm-thick Cu films deposited over this substrate. The 10 °C/min heating rate used showed copper dewetting starting at 450 °C, whereas the higher 30 °C/min rate induced dewetting at 400 °C. The Cu film deposited over Ta exhibited slightly different dewetting, with its onset starting earlier, but developing a slower progression throughout the temperature range analyzed in the annealing treatments.

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7

Singh, Satya Pal. "Spinodal Theory: A Common Rupturing Mechanism in Spinodal Dewetting and Surface Directed Phase Separation (Some Technological Aspects: Spatial Correlations and the Significance of Dipole-Quadrupole Interaction in Spinodal Dewetting)." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2011 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/526397.

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The emerging structures in spinodal dewetting of thin nano films and spinodal decomposition of binary mixtures are found to be similar with certain differences attributed to the nonlinearities inherent in the wetting forces. This paper deals with the technological aspects of the spinodal processes by giving a brief account of the theory and to correlate the two phenomena termed as spinodal dewetting of thin nanofilms and surface-directed phase separation. The MC simulation micrographs at early stage of spinodal dewetting of a (linear) polymer film confined between two hard walls (using FENE potential between the beads on same chain and Morse potential between inter and intra chain beads) show similarities with surface-directed phase separation (using metropolis algorithm) in creation of holes. The spinodal dewetting is also criticized on the basis of global minimization of free energy emerging from dipole-quadrupole interactions. A novel molecular scale-driving mechanism coming from asymmetric interface formation in spinodal processes is also proposed. It can be believed that the modeling done with the films under confinement of two walls works as a classical mathematical ansatz to the dipole-quadrupole interaction coming from quantum origins and giving rise to lateral interactions in the process reflecting a colossal behavior in thin nano films though weak in nature.

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8

Karapanagiotis, Ioannis, D. Fennell Evans, and William W. Gerberich. "Nucleation Processes for Dewetting Initiation of Thin Polymer Films." Langmuir 17, no. 11 (May 2001): 3266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la0012337.

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9

Wu, Yihong, Peiwen Qiao, Towchong Chong, Teck-Seng Low, Hong Xie, Ping Luo, Zaibing Guo, and Jinjun Qiu. "Dewetting of resist/metal bilayers in resist stripping processes." Applied Physics Letters 78, no. 21 (May 21, 2001): 3361–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1374234.

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10

KINEFUCHI, Ikuya, Kenkichi MURATA, Yuta YOSHIMOTO, and Shu TAKAGI. "Measurement of dewetting processes using environmental scanning electron microscopy." Proceedings of the Conference on Information, Intelligence and Precision Equipment : IIP 2019 (2019): wakate_2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeiip.2019.wakate_2.

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11

Peschka, Dirk, Sabrina Haefner, Ludovic Marquant, Karin Jacobs, Andreas Münch, and Barbara Wagner. "Signatures of slip in dewetting polymer films." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 19 (April 19, 2019): 9275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820487116.

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Thin polymer films on hydrophobic substrates are susceptible to rupture and hole formation. This, in turn, initiates a complex dewetting process, which ultimately leads to characteristic droplet patterns. Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that the type of droplet pattern depends on the specific interfacial condition between the polymer and the substrate. Predicting the morphological evolution over long timescales and on the different length scales involved is a major computational challenge. In this study, a highly adaptive numerical scheme is presented, which allows for following the dewetting process deep into the nonlinear regime of the model equations and captures the complex dynamics, including the shedding of droplets. In addition, our numerical results predict the previously unknown shedding of satellite droplets during the destabilization of liquid ridges that form during the late stages of the dewetting process. While the formation of satellite droplets is well known in the context of elongating fluid filaments and jets, we show here that, for dewetting liquid ridges, this property can be dramatically altered by the interfacial condition between polymer and substrate, namely slip. This work shows how dissipative processes can be used to systematically tune the formation of patterns.

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12

Tomasetti, E., P. G. Rouxhet, and R. Legras. "Viscoelastic Behavior of Polymer Surface during Wetting and Dewetting Processes." Langmuir 14, no. 12 (June 1998): 3435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la980003d.

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13

Torrisi, Vanna, Maria Censabella, Giovanni Piccitto, Giuseppe Compagnini, Maria Grimaldi, and Francesco Ruffino. "Characteristics of Pd and Pt Nanoparticles Produced by Nanosecond Laser Irradiations of Thin Films Deposited on Topographically-Structured Transparent Conductive Oxides." Coatings 9, no. 2 (January 24, 2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9020068.

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Pd and Pt nanoparticles on Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) are produced. This outcome is reached by processing nanoscale-thick Pd and Pt films deposited on the FTO surface by nanosecond laser pulse. Such laser processes are demonstrated to initiate a dewetting phenomenon in the deposited metal films and lead to the formation of the nanoparticles. In particular, the effect of the film’s thickness on the mean size of the nanoparticles, when fixed the laser fluence, is studied. Our results indicate that the substrate topography influences the dewetting process of the metal films and, as a consequence, impacts on the nanoparticle characteristics. The results concerning the Pd and Pt nanoparticles’ sizes versus starting films thickness and substrate topography are discussed. In particular, the presented discussion is based on the elucidation of the effect of the substrate topography effect on the dewetting process through the excess of chemical potential. Finally, Raman analysis on the fabricated samples are presented. They show, in particular for the case of the Pd nanoparticles on FTO, a pronounced Raman signal enhancement imputable to plasmonic effects.

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14

Lee, Sun-Kyu, Sori Hwang, Yoon-Kee Kim, and Yong-Jun Oh. "Assembly of metallic nanoparticle arrays on glass via nanoimprinting and thin-film dewetting." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 8 (May 12, 2017): 1049–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.8.106.

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We propose a nanofabrication process to generate large-area arrays of noble metal nanoparticles on glass substrates via nanoimprinting and dewetting of metallic thin films. Glass templates were made via pattern transfer from a topographic Si mold to an inorganically cross-linked sol–gel (IGSG) resist on glass using a two-layer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp followed by annealing, which turned the imprinted resist into pure silica. The transparent, topographic glass successfully templated the assembly of Au and Ag nanoparticle arrays via thin-film deposition and dewetting at elevated temperatures. The microstructural and mechanical characteristics that developed during the processes were discussed. The results are promising for low-cost mass fabrication of devices for several photonic applications.

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15

Karapanagiotis, Ioannis, D. Fennell Evans, and William W. Gerberich. "Leveling and Dewetting Processes of Nanoindentation-Induced Defects on Thin Polymer Films." Macromolecules 34, no. 11 (May 2001): 3741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma001762h.

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16

Scandurra, Antonino, Francesco Ruffino, and Maria Grazia Grimaldi. "Graphene Paper-Gold Nanostructured Electrodes Obtained by Laser Dewetting for High Sensitive Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing." Proceedings 15, no. 1 (June 19, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019015001.

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Electrodes for non-enzymatic glucose sensing based on gold nanostructures onto graphene paper (GP-AuNPs) have been obtained inducing dewetting, by laser annealing, of 8 nm-thick Au layer deposited by sputtering. Molten-phase dewetting of gold layer, which produces the formation of spherical nanoparticles (AuNPs), was achieved by nanosecond laser annealing using a pulsed (12 ns) Nd: yttrium aluminum garnet YAG laser operating at 532 nm. The Surface of the electrode presents gold rich regions consisting of graphene nanoplatelets covered by spherical AuNPs. The sizes of AuNPs are in the range of 10–150 nm. Glucose was detected at a potential of 0.17 V vs SCE, which corresponds to the intense peak of two electrons oxidation. Highest sensitivity of 600 µA mM−1 cm−2 of glucose detection was obtained. The resulting sensitivity, detection limit and linear range of glucose detection are very promising since comparable to the actual state of art results for nanostructured gold electrodes which are, however, produced by complex multi-steps processes.

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17

Borhani, Navid, and John Richard Thome. "Intermittent dewetting and dryout of annular flows." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 67 (December 2014): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2014.04.009.

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18

MURATA, Kenkichi, Yuta YOSHIMOTO, Takuma HORI, Ikuya KINEFUCHI, and Shu TAKAGI. "In-situ observation of dewetting processes of evaporating microdroplets on parylene-C surfaces." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2018 (2018): J2210103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2018.j2210103.

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19

Meyer, Evelyn, and Hans-Georg Braun. "Controlled dewetting processes on microstructured surfaces – a new procedure for thin film microstructuring." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 276-277, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1439-2054(20000301)276:1<44::aid-mame44>3.0.co;2-j.

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20

Dwiyantoro, Bambang Arip. "Numerical Study of Droplet Formation Time on Solid Surface." Advanced Materials Research 683 (April 2013): 820–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.683.820.

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Microdroplets on solid surface are very common phenomenon in many engineering applications. The microdroplet formed from the fluid remaining on the column of micropillar after dewetting process. In this study, we generated microdroplet with various patterns and simulated the microfluidic dynamic processes based on a deforming body-fitted grid approach. The simulation results provide for explaining the effects of Capillary number and the liquid thickness on micropillar surface in the growing droplet diameter and microdroplet formation time.

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21

Sanders, Charlotte E., Chendong Zhang, Gary L. Kellogg, and Chih-Kang Shih. "Role of thermal processes in dewetting of epitaxial Ag(111) film on Si(111)." Surface Science 630 (December 2014): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2014.07.030.

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22

Qi, Dongfeng, Zifeng Zhang, Xiaohan Yu, and Yawen Zhang. "Visualization of nanosecond laser-induced dewetting, ablation and crystallization processes in thin silicon films." Physics Letters A 382, no. 23 (June 2018): 1540–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2018.04.014.

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23

Lee, Choongyeop, and Chang-Jin Kim. "Wetting and Active Dewetting Processes of Hierarchically Constructed Superhydrophobic Surfaces Fully Immersed in Water." Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 21, no. 3 (June 2012): 712–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2012.2184081.

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24

Jia, Zhi-hai, Wei Lei, Hui-nan Yang, and Gang Wang. "Dynamic Wetting Behavior of Vibrated Droplets on a Micropillared Surface." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8409683.

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The dynamical wetting behavior has been observed under vertical vibration of a water droplet placed on a micropillared surface. The wetting transition takes place under the different processes. In compression process, the droplet is transited from Cassie state to Wenzel state. The droplet undergoes a Wenzel-Cassie wetting transition in restoring process and the droplet bounces off from the surface in bouncing process. Meanwhile, the wetting and dewetting models during vibration are proposed. The wetting transition is confirmed by the model calculation. This study has potential to be used to control the wetting state.

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25

Wang, He, Suchen Wu, Zilong Deng, Xiangdong Liu, and Chengbin Zhang. "Dewetting regimes of condensation droplets in a microgroove." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 1 (January 2022): 012102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0077386.

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26

Chung, Pei-Yun, Ming-Hsiang Cheng, Hsiao-Fan Tseng, Chih-Ting Liu, Tang-Yao Chiu, Kai-Sheng Jeng, Mu-Huan Chi, and Jiun-Tai Chen. "Dewetting of Swollen Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Films during Spin-Coating Processes: Implications for Device Fabrication." ACS Applied Nano Materials 1, no. 5 (April 23, 2018): 2021–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.8b00201.

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27

Boscarino, Stefano, Maria Censabella, Melanie Micali, Marco Russo, Antonio Terrasi, Maria Grazia Grimaldi, and Francesco Ruffino. "Morphology, Electrical and Optical Properties of Cu Nanostructures Embedded in AZO: A Comparison between Dry and Wet Methods." Micromachines 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13020247.

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Herein, Cu nanostructures are obtained by solid-state dewetting of 9 nm copper layer (dry) or by ablating copper target, using a nanosecond pulsed laser at 1064 nm, in acetone and isopropyl alcohol (wet). The Cu nanostructures are embedded in aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer. Then, the electrical, optical, and morphological properties of the two kinds of systems, as a function of their synthesis parameters, are investigated. The aim is to compare the two fabrication methods and select the main conditions to achieve the best system for photovoltaic applications. The main differences, exhibited by the wet and dry processes, were in the shape and size of the Cu nanostructures. Dewetting in nitrogen produces faceted nanoparticles, with an average size below 150 nm, while laser ablation originates spherical and smaller nanoparticles, below 50 nm. Dry system underwent to thermal annealing, which improves the electrical properties, compared to the wet system, with a sheet resistance of 103 vs. 106 Ω/sq, respectively; finally, the dry system shows a maximum transmittance of 89.7% at 697 nm, compared to the wet system in acetone, 88.4% at 647 nm, as well as in isopropyl alcohol, 86.9% at 686 nm. Moreover, wet systems show higher transmittance in NUV.

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28

Du, Yujing, Ke Xu, Lucas Mejia, Peixi Zhu, and Matthew T. Balhoff. "Microfluidic Investigation of Low-Salinity Effects During Oil Recovery: A No-Clay and Time-Dependent Mechanism." SPE Journal 24, no. 06 (August 26, 2019): 2841–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/197056-pa.

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Summary We present a study of the low–salinity effect during oil recovery using microfluidics experiments in an attempt to narrow the gap between pore–scale observations and porous–media–flow mechanisms, and to explain one type of low–salinity effect with delayed oil recovery and without the presence of clay. A microfluidic toolbox is used, including single–pore–scale microchannels, a pore–network–scale (approximately 102 pores) micromodel, and a reservoir–on–a–chip model (approximately 104 pores with heterogeneity), all with 2D connectivity. Experiments at the single–pore scale reveal a time–dependent oil dewetting and swelling behavior when a crude–oil droplet is in contact with low–salinity water. An interplay between water chemical potential and oil–phase polar compounds explains this pore–scale observation well. Experiments at the pore–network scale illustrate that the dewetting and swelling of residual oil in the swept region increase the water–flow resistance, modifying the flow field and thus redirecting the flooding liquid into unswept regions. This pore–network–scale effect is re–expressed into a macroscale model as a sweep–efficiency improvement derived from the change of relative permeabilities, which requires time to develop. Finally, experiments on our “reservoir–on–a–chip” model show significant incremental oil recovery during tertiary low–salinity waterflooding and confirm that late–time sweep–efficiency improvement contributes to most of the incremental oil recovery. On the basis of this microfluidic framework, we emphasize the following three findings: Low–salinity tertiary waterflooding can improve oil recovery by an improvement of sweep efficiency, which is a consequence of residual–oil dewetting and swelling.The low–salinity effect can occur without the existence of clay.The wettability alteration and oil swelling are time–dependent processes and should be expressed as a function of oil/water contact time rather than dimensionless time [pore volume (PV)], which explains some observations from previous coreflood experiments.

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29

Wei-Zhong, YUAN, ZHANG Feng-Bo, YUAN Jin-Ying, XIE Xu-Ming, and HONG Xiao-Yin. "Effect ofMolecular Structure on the Surface Morphology of Ultrathin Films by Competing Crystallization and Dewetting Processes." Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica 26, no. 04 (2010): 1157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3866/pku.whxb20100431.

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30

Ravishankar, N., and C. Barry Carter. "Silicate Glass and Evaporation from Sapphire Surfaces." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 388–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600034437.

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Ceramic materials are processed at high temperatures where different mechanisms of mass transport are operative. The liquid-phase sintering (LPS) process involves the formation of a silicate liquid at the sintering temperature. In this case, mass transport takes place at the solidliquid, solid-vapor and liquid-solid interfaces. The mechanism and kinetics of these processes controls the microstructure. The silicate phase, which is usually the sintering additive, may influence the evaporation from and of the ceramic. The importance of the evaporation process has been clearly brought out in previous studies on the dewetting of silicates on a ceramic substrate. The present study considers the influence of a silicate phase (celsian) on evaporation from a ceramic (sapphire) substrate.Pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) has been used to deposit thin films (∼100 nm thick) of celsian (BaAl2Si2O8) on sapphire single-crystals of basal orientation. In the present study, the film/substrate assembly has been annealed at high temperatures (1750°C to 1850°C) in a vacuum furnace.

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31

McKeown, Joseph T., Yueying Wu, Jason D. Fowlkes, Thomas LaGrange, Bryan W. Reed, Philip D. Rack, and Geoffrey H. Campbell. "In Situ TEM Studies of Nanoparticle Self-Assembly: Imaging the Evolution of Pulsed-Laser-Induced Dewetting Processes." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, S3 (August 2014): 1644–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614009957.

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32

Jung, Jae-Yeong, Seokwon Joo, Da-Seul Kim, Kyoung-Hwan Kim, Tae Soup Shim, Soonmin Seo, and Ju-Hyung Kim. "Microscale Patterning of Electrochromic Polymer Films via Soft Lithography." International Journal of Polymer Science 2018 (December 13, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6365096.

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We present a direct fabrication technique of patterned polymeric electrochromic (EC) devices via soft lithography, enabling both negative patterning and positive patterning of the polymer. For this work, elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molds were employed as not only stamps for direct contact printing of polymer inks but also templates for dewetting of polymer solutions under mild experimental conditions. We performed both negative patterning and positive patterning of a prototypical EC polymer and investigated the EC device characteristics according to solvents, solution concentrations, and pattern types. Eventually, the complex patterns, which cannot be realized by conventional shadow masking processes, and large-area structures were successfully demonstrated. We anticipate that these results will be applied to the development of various patterned devices and circuits, which may lead to further applications.

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33

Ni, Zhongyuan, Fuqiang Chu, Shaokang Li, Jia Luo, and Dongsheng Wen. "Impact-induced hole growth and liquid film dewetting on superhydrophobic surfaces." Physics of Fluids 33, no. 11 (November 2021): 112113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0073412.

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34

Diaz, M. Elena, and Ramon L. Cerro. "A general solution of dewetting flow with a moving contact line." Physics of Fluids 33, no. 10 (October 2021): 103601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0065168.

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35

Li, Zhen Xing, Akinori Yamanaka, and Masahiko Yoshino. "A New Process to Fabricate Three Dimensional Ordered Nano Dot Array Structures by Nano Plastic Forming and Dewetting." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.627.

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Three dimensional (3D) nano/quantum dot array structures have attracted more and more attention due to their broad applications. A new fabrication method of multilayer ordered nano dot array with low cost and high throughput is developed in this paper. This process is combination of Top-down and Bottom-up approaches: Nano Plastic Forming (NPF) patterning of metal layer coated on the substrate as Top-down approach and self-organization by dewetting as Bottom-up approach. Effects of process conditions on 3D nano-dot array formation are studied experimentally. Regularity and uniformity of first layer nano-dot array is transferred to the second layer nano-dots by optimizing thickness of the spacer layer and Au coating layer. Multilayer ordered nano dot array structures with good alignment are obtained by repeating coating and annealing processes.

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36

Bouman, AC, Jacob Jansen, M. Griebling, L. Lammers, VM Santos Costa, JJA Vermeulen, JGA Vervloat, AFJ Hammen, and HW Zandbergen. "Monitoring the Conductivity of Thin Metal Layers During the Processes of Grain-growth and Dewetting, Using a Desktop FEG-SEM." Microscopy and Microanalysis 26, S2 (July 30, 2020): 1456–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927620018188.

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37

Kosinova, Anna, Ruth Schwaiger, Leonid Klinger, and Eugen Rabkin. "Annealing-induced recovery of indents in thin Au(Fe) bilayer films." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 7 (December 28, 2016): 2088–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.7.199.

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We employed depth-sensing nanoindentation to produce ordered arrays of indents on the surface of 50 nm-thick Au(Fe) films deposited on sapphire substrates. The maximum depth of the indents was approximately one-half of the film thickness. The indented films were annealed at a temperature of 700 °C in a forming gas atmosphere. While the onset of solid-state dewetting was observed in the unperturbed regions of the film, no holes to the substrate were observed in the indented regions. Instead, the film annealing resulted in the formation of hillocks at the indent locations, followed by their dissipation and the formation of shallow depressions nearby after subsequent annealing treatments. This annealing-induced evolution of nanoindents was interpreted in terms of annihilation of dislocation loops generated during indentation, accompanied by the formation of nanopores at the grain boundaries and their subsequent dissolution. The application of the processes uncovered in this work show great potential for the patterning of thin films.

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Roy, Durbar, Sophia M, Srinivas S. Rao, and Saptarshi Basu. "Droplet impact on immiscible liquid pool: Multi-scale dynamics of entrapped air cushion at short timescales." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 5 (May 2022): 052004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0091584.

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We have detected unique hydrodynamic topology in thin air film surrounding the central air dimple formed during drop impact on an immiscible liquid pool. The pattern resembles spinodal and finger-like structures typically found in various thin condensed matter systems. However, similar structures in thin entrapped gas films during drop impacts on solids or liquids have not been reported to date. The thickness profile and the associated dewetting dynamics in the entrapped air layer are investigated experimentally and theoretically using high-speed reflection interferometric imaging and linear stability analysis. We attribute the formation of multi-scale thickness perturbations, associated ruptures, and finger-like protrusions in the draining air film as a combined artifact of thin-film and Saffman–Taylor instabilities. The characteristic length scales depend on the air layer dimensions, the ratio of the liquid pool to droplet viscosity, and the air–water to air–oil surface tension.

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LENZ, RICHARD D., and SATISH KUMAR. "Competitive displacement of thin liquid films on chemically patterned substrates." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 571 (January 4, 2007): 33–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112006003004.

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The behaviour of the interface between stratified thin liquid films bounded by parallel solid surfaces and subject to van der Waals forces which drive dewetting is studied in this work. Chemically homogeneous surfaces are considered first; this is followed by an investigation of chemically heterogeneous surfaces. The lubrication approximation is applied to obtain a single nonlinear evolution equation which describes the interfacial behaviour, and both the linear stability and nonlinear development of the interface are examined. The sensitivity of the interfacial rupture time to problem parameters such as the viscosity ratio, initial interfacial height, interfacial tension, and magnitude of the van der Waals forces is characterized in detail for the homogeneous case. This serves as a basis for a study of the heterogeneous case, where the strong dependence of the rupture time on the length scale of the heterogeneity is found to be relatively independent of changes in the remaining problem parameters. The mechanisms underlying the rupture-time behaviour are also explored in detail. The results suggest a route by which one liquid can become emulsified in the other, and may be beneficial to industrial processes such as lithographic printing which are based on wettability phenomena.

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Hu, Liang, Yanshen Fang, Lei She, Rui Su, and Xin Fu. "Dripping–jetting transition of liquid stream from plate-type micro-orifice affected by wetting and dewetting." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 122 (April 2021): 110302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2020.110302.

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41

Nishi, Toshiaki, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Kei Shibata, and Kazuo Hokkirigawa. "Influence of unforced dewetting and enforced wetting on real contact formation and friction behavior between rubber hemisphere and glass plate during contacting and sliding processes." Tribology International 141 (January 2020): 105921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2019.105921.

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42

Borhani, Navid, Bruno Agostini, and John Richard Thome. "A novel time strip flow visualisation technique for investigation of intermittent dewetting and dryout in elongated bubble flow in a microchannel evaporator." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 53, no. 21-22 (October 2010): 4809–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.06.011.

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43

Danel, Adrien, Florent Souche, Thomas Nolan, Yannick Le Tiec, and P. J. Ribeyron. "HF Last Passivation for High Efficiency a-Si/c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells." Solid State Phenomena 187 (April 2012): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.187.345.

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Amorphous/crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells are commonly made by low temperature deposition of front and back side thin films on bare H-passivated Si wafers, obtained by HF last processes. This work discusses the impact of HF last step parameters on cell performance, considering textured and cleaned Si (100) wafers. A complete native oxide removal is mandatory and achieved in a short time (< 5 min) by HF concentration higher than 1% (by weight). Above 1%, surface passivation and cells performance slightly increases with the concentration. The best process time is found to be the minimum time to deoxidize textured wafers, as seen by a good dewetting. For [H > 2% this is less than 1 min. Longer process times slightly degrade surface passivation. Post rinse and drying, provided they do not reoxydize the surface, were seen to have no impact. The delay between the HF last and deposition steps is critical and depends on the efficiency of the cleaning before the HF last. With a high performance cleaning, leading to a very good surface passivation (< 10 cm/s surface recombination velocity), 30 min delay has no impact and 90 min leads to about 5% relative degradation of cell performance. Regarding the HF cleanliness, HCl spiking is an efficient way to enhance robustness of surface passivation keeping < 10 cm/s values when the metallic contamination, including Cu, is in the sub 50 ppb range.

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Nallan, Himamshu C., Xin Yang, Brennan M. Coffey, and John G. Ekerdt. "Low temperature, area-selective atomic layer deposition of NiO and Ni." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 40, no. 6 (December 2022): 062406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0002068.

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Nickel and nickel oxide are utilized within various device heterostructures for chemical sensing, solar cells, batteries, etc. Recently, the rising interest in realizing low-cost, flexible electronics to enable ubiquitous sensors and solar panels, next-generation displays, and improved human-machine interfaces has driven interest in the development of low-temperature fabrication processes for the integration of inorganic devices with polymeric substrates. Here, we report the low-temperature area-selective atomic layer deposition of Ni by reduction of preformed NiO. Area-selective deposition of NiO is performed at 100 °C using bis( N, N'-di- tert-butylacetamidinato) nickel(II) and water on SiO2 and polystyrene. NiO grows two-dimensionally and without nucleation delay on oxide substrates but not on SiNx or polystyrene, which require surface treatments to promote NiO nucleation. Additionally, prepatterned sp2 carbon-rich resists inhibit the nucleation of NiO, and in this way, carbon-free NiO may be patterned. Subsequent thermal reduction of NiO to Ni was investigated using H2 (50–80 m Torr) and thermally generated H-atoms (3 × 10−5 Torr chamber pressure). Due to the relatively high free surface energy of Ni metal, Ni films undergo dewetting at elevated temperatures when solid-state transport is enabled. Reduction of NiO to Ni is demonstrated at 100 °C and below using atomic hydrogen. In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to determine oxidation state and ex situ x-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy are used to probe the film thickness and surface morphology, respectively.

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Lam, Nguyen Dinh. "InGaP Nano-pattern Structure Realized by Thermally Dewetted Au Nanoparticles and Anisotropic Dry Etching." Current Nanoscience 16, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573413715666190620120554.

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Background:: Optical reflection loss can be reduced more than 30% when multilayers ARC are deposited on the optoelectronic devices surface. Besides that, sub-wavelength structures, which have a period sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of light, have been introduced as an antireflection layer to offer a new possibility to suppress the Fresnel reflection. Normally, e-bean and nano-imprint lithography techniques are used to create nano-scale etch mask patterns. Metallic nanoparticles, which can be formed by a thermal dewetting process of metal thin film without any nanolithography techniques, can be utilized as an etch mask for the nano structure fabrications. The nano-patterned structures were fabricated on a silicon nitride passivation layer of a GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cell and showed an enhancement of its performance due to improved optical transmission and current matching. Objective:: Investigate the influences of InGaP nano-pattern structures on the optical characteristics and applied for compound solar cells. Method:: In this report, disordered InGaP nano-pattern structures were formed by thermally dewetted Au nanoparticles and anisotropic dry etching processes. The effects of the InGaP nano-patterned structure on the optical reflection characteristics were investigated. Results:: The result indicated that the InGaP nano-patterned structure can reduce the optical reflection in a wide range of wavelengths and, thus, can work as an antireflection layer. The InGaP nanostructure can improve up to 14.8% in the short circuit current density compared to that of the planar cell. Conclusion:: The InGaP nano structures have been successfully fabricated by thermal dewetted Au nanoparticles and anisotropic dry etching methods. The fabricated Au nanoparticles pattern was found to be the best when annealing temperature is 400°C for 30 minutes with the 5nm thick of Au film. By controlling dry etching time, the height of InGaP nanostructures can be varied from 95 nm to 150 nm. With the increasing of the height, the optical reflectance can be down to 22%. The InGaP nanostructure with the height of 150 nm was also introduced to the window layer of a single junction GaAs soar cell. The result indicated that the InGaP nanostructure only affects on the short circuit current density.

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Liu, Xuying, Chuan Liu, Kenji Sakamoto, Takeshi Yasuda, Pan Xiong, Lijuan Liang, Tengzhou Yang, Masayuki Kanehara, Jun Takeya, and Takeo Minari. "Homogeneous dewetting on large-scale microdroplet arrays for solution-processed electronics." NPG Asia Materials 9, no. 7 (July 2017): e409-e409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/am.2017.123.

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Song, Xiaoxia, Fuwei Liu, Caijie Qiu, Emerson Coy, Hui Liu, Willian Aperador, Karol Załęski, et al. "Nanosurfacing Ti alloy by weak alkalinity-activated solid-state dewetting (AAD) and its biointerfacial enhancement effect." Materials Horizons 8, no. 3 (2021): 912–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0mh01837f.

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A weak alkalinity-activated solid-state dewetting (AAD) method is developed to produce quasi-periodic nanopimple-like titanium oxide on biomedical Ti6Al4V alloy. The nanostructures modulated the cross-talk between osteoblasts and macrophages.

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Kostourou, Konstantina, Dirk Peschka, Andreas Münch, Barbara Wagner, Stephan Herminghaus, and Ralf Seemann. "Interface morphologies in liquid/liquid dewetting." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 50, no. 5-6 (May 2011): 531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2010.10.006.

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Destouesse, Elodie, Sylvain Chambon, Stéphanie Courtel, Lionel Hirsch, and Guillaume Wantz. "Solution-Processed Small-Molecule Bulk Heterojunctions: Leakage Currents and the Dewetting Issue for Inverted Solar Cells." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 7, no. 44 (November 2, 2015): 24663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b06964.

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Park, Hea-Lim, Sujie Kang, Jeng-Hun Suh, Sin-Doo Lee, and Sin-Hyung Lee. "Balance of surface energy difference between wetting and dewetting regions for patterning solution-processed organic light-emitting diode." Organic Electronics 95 (August 2021): 106203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2021.106203.

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