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Journal articles on the topic 'Devolution'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Gathii, James Thuo, and Harrison Mbori Otieno. "Assessing Kenya's Cooperative Model of Devolution: A Situation-Specific Analysis." Federal Law Review 46, no. 4 (December 2018): 595–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x1804600407.

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Kenya's form of quasi-federalism termed devolution was introduced under the Constitution of Kenya (2010) (‘ 2010 Constitution’). This governance system establishes 47 county governments which are constitutionally independent sub-national units with direct election of county level leaders. Given the complexity of devolution's relationship to national politics, as well as the broad variation in how devolution has unfolded in the 47 counties since 2013, this article argues in favour of a situation-specific assessment of devolution in Kenya. This analysis departs from the emerging scholarly consensus of devolution in Kenya represented in two predominant approaches. One approach contends that devolution in Kenya has simply devolved corruption and patronage from the national to the county level. Another approach argues that devolution has so far been relatively successful because it has introduced a new political system at the county level that has a robust system of checks and balances but that has empowered a new dynamic in Kenya's politics at the sub-national level. This article argues the first approach paints the emerging devolution experience with a broad brush that is not reflected in every county or even on every issue. This article has more in common with the second view. However, we argue for a more situation-specific, case by case analysis of devolution to show variations in how devolution has or has not facilitated the delivery of services and opportunities that were prior to 2013 likely to be unavailable particularly in the most economically disadvantaged counties.

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2

Reshetnyak, O. S. "Assessment of the Level of Environmental Risk in River Ecosystems of the Arctic Zone of Russia." UNIVERSITY NEWS. NORTH-CAUCASIAN REGION. NATURAL SCIENCES SERIES, no. 3 (207) (October 2, 2020): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1026-2237-2020-3-69-78.

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The methodological approaches and the results of assessing the environmental risk level in river ecosystems of the Arctic region of Russia was presented. Assessing of the environmental risk level in ecosystem includes identifying possible negative consequences of anthropogenic impact, which are appeared in a violation of the structural organization of biocenoses. An intensification of the ecological devolution of individual communities of aquatic organisms is observed in modern conditions of anthropogenic impact and climatic variations in the Arctic ecosystems of rivers. The tendency to increase the ecological devolution level as the anthropogenic impact intensifies during the transition from less polluted Arctic rivers to more polluted ones (dirty) has been revealed. The ecological devolution level varies from absence (anthropogenic stress) to its appearance in the form of elements of ecological devolution. The results of the final assessment of the environmental risk level in the ecosystems of the Arctic region of Russia according to the ecological devolution level showed that the studied sections of the rivers are characterized by a low and medium level of risk. Further enhancement of anthropogenic impact on the catchments of Arctic rivers can lead to disruption of the ecological state of aquatic ecosystems and intensification of ecological devolutions processes which may increase the level of environmental risk.

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3

McAllister, L. "Devolution." Parliamentary Affairs 56, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/parlij/gsg070.

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4

Boyle, Katie, and Nicole Busby. "Subnational incorporation of economic, social and cultural rights – can devolution become a vehicle for progressive human rights reform?" Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 74, no. 1 (July 27, 2023): 63–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.53386/nilq.v74i1.1013.

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Devolution acts as both a foundation and a potential vehicle for progressive human rights reform. This article examines progress within the current Scottish framework, including the incorporation of international treaties, as recommended by the National Taskforce for Human Rights Leadership. The particular nature of devolution provides the opportunity to close the accountability gap in the protection of economic, social and cultural rights which operate in devolved areas, including the right to health, the right to housing and the right to an adequate standard of living. This reform brings opportunities to embrace normative international standards that facilitate incorporation such as multi-institutional accountability, proportionality-inflected reasonableness review, dignity and collective justice, as well as substantive equality measures. Progress to date is examined against the risks posed to human rights by the erosion of devolution through a number of United Kingdom(UK)-led strategies, particularly in response to Brexit-related policy gaps. Although devolution can act as an important anchor on national reform, mitigating threats to backsliding on rights at the national level, increasing centralisation can make this difficult to realise in practice. The potential opportunities offered by enhanced devolution could provide a fully integrated human rights framework incorporating social and economic policy areas such as employment, social security, immigration and equality. However, given current constitutional arrangements, devolution’s promise as a force for human rights progress is limited. The article concludes with a reframing of human rights which reflects the more complex picture painted by diverging trajectories in each of the UK jurisdictions.

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5

Deb, Anurag. "Lessons from the age of empire: the UK Internal Market Act as a rupture in the understanding of competence." Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 75, no. 1 (April 25, 2024): 106–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.53386/nilq.v75i1.1076.

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The emergence of devolution in the United Kingdom (UK) has led to the emergence of a significant body of jurisprudence to understand its place in the UK constitution, including various conceptual frameworks to explain its operation. A problem with some of this jurisprudence is the characterisation of devolution as novel or exceptional, capable of being understood only on its own terms. An examination of the history of constitutional development within the British empire, however, reveals otherwise. Imperial history shows that the issues faced by devolved administrations in the post-Brexit UK – uncertainties about competence and the extent of dynamism and plurality, for example – have emerged before. More than that, they were dealt with by a combination of statutory text, judicial approach and political pragmatism. Some of these solutions provide a rich source from which lessons can be drawn for present-day challenges.This article explores how legislative competence was understood across the empire and the UK before the emergence of devolution in its most recent form. It looks at the political and judicial approaches to thorny questions of legislative supremacy, legislative subordination, political paramountcy and political pragmatism. This article aims not only to challenge the myth of devolution’s sui generis nature but demonstrate why the UK Internal Market Act 2020 represents a rupture in how competence was constitutionally understood. In this way, we may be better equipped to understand and resolve the problems of devolution posed by Brexit.

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6

Pandya, Buddhdev. "NHS Devolution." SUSHRUTA Journal of Health Policy & Opinions 10, no. 1 (May 3, 2020): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.38192/10.1.5.

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7

Vernon, David P., and Roger M. Krause. "Evolution Devolution." Science News 162, no. 20 (November 16, 2002): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4014095.

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8

Butler, Dwain K. "Information devolution?" Leading Edge 22, no. 8 (August 2003): 746–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle22080746.1.

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9

Sarvananthan, Muttukrishna. "Fiscal Devolution." South Asian Survey 19, no. 1 (March 2012): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971523114539585.

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Countries afflicted by claims of territorial sovereignty within nation states have been predominantly preoccupied with sharing of administrative and political powers, as in the case of the armed conflict in Sri Lanka. This article argues that fiscal devolution has the potential to empower the regions within contested nation states and thereby contribute to conflict resolution in countries afflicted by internal strife and armed conflict, taking Sri Lanka as a case in point.

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10

Wehner, Joachim H.-G. "Asymmetrical devolution." Development Southern Africa 17, no. 2 (June 2000): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713661401.

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11

Greenberg, Daniel. "Welsh Devolution." Legal Information Management 13, no. 3 (September 2013): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669613000364.

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AbstractThe emergence of the National Assembly for Wales as a devolved legislature producing first Measures and now Acts, together with the establishment of a Welsh Government with a range of powers to make secondary legislation, has added a new layer of complication to the already over-complicated legislative landscape of the United Kingdom. This article, written by Daniel Greenberg, examines briefly some of the resulting complications.

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12

Butler, Dwain K. "Information devolution?" Leading Edge 22, no. 8 (August 2003): 746–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/leedff.22.746_1.

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13

Armstrong, Angus. "Effective Devolution." National Institute Economic Review 250 (November 2019): R83—R88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795011925000122.

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Executive SummaryBrexit creates deep challenges for the UK's structure of governance; not least concerning the degree and manner in which powers are devolved within one of the most centralised countries in the world. Departing from the EU is likely to exacerbate regional inequalities and possibly social divide, while at the same time leading to further centralisation of powers, at least in the short term. Most Brexit analysis looks at the reorientation of the UK's external relationships, but the most significant impact may be on its internal constitutional affairs.While it is generally agreed that the UK needs more devolution, there is little discussion about how and why it sometimes succeeds, but also sometimes falls short of expectations. Ever since Adam Smith it has been known that economic prosperity, justice, and social cooperation are mutually reinforcing. Therefore, policy must be built around community and a sense of belonging, rather than a collection of anonymous individuals. The Core Design Principles set out by Elinor Ostrom provide a framework to transform governance structure at every level from the smallest communities all the way to parliament.Necessary institutional changes include giving local authorities much greater control over revenue-raising powers and therefore the services they wish to support. National legislatures must have the power to borrow for investment without limit, but with sole responsibility for repayment, to enhance local political accountability. A statutory body should be established, including representatives of the devolved assemblies and English regions, to address regional disparities, and there should be a much stronger regional presence in decision-making by HM Treasury and the Bank of England.

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14

Fox, S. "Cultural devolution." Engineering Management 13, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/em:20030214.

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15

Hidayat, Rachmat. "Political Devolution." SAGE Open 7, no. 1 (January 2017): 215824401668681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016686812.

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The emergence of decentralization throughout the world has provoked question whether decentralization has played several important roles in fostering accountable and responsible governance. As the concept of governance expanded, so did thinking about the rationale, objectives, and forms of decentralization. Decentralization now encompasses not only the transfer of power, authority, and responsibility within the government but also the sharing of authority and resources for shaping public policy within society. One of the important reasons that drives Indonesian government to deliver a democratic decentralization is political motivation. This relates to the growing intention to local development throughout the country posed the need for political and administrative arrangement to meet the country’s diversity. This study describes and explores the nature and the process of political devolution in the context of local government in Indonesia, in particular assessing the political devolution performance in the regency of Jember. This article employs a model that combines Boex and Yilmaz and the Local Governance Barometer framework for assessing political devolution performances. The article focuses on those issues and on the opportunities for the local government to improve the most important basic needs of the people—education and health sectors in Indonesia.

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16

Kay, Adrian. "Evaluating Devolution in Wales." Political Studies 51, no. 1 (March 2003): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00412.

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Reviews of devolution in Wales have been focussed so far on empirical description and positive analysis; there has been almost no discussion of how it should be judged or evaluated. I redress this imbalance by considering the arguments for devolution and the various normative values that may be used to evaluate the process. The arguments for devolution are of two basic kinds. Some are consequentialist: that devolution is desired on the grounds that it is believed to have good or desirable effects. Others are deontological: that devolution is thought to be intrinsically valuable. Any attempt to justify and evaluate devolution by consequentialist reasoning amounts to post hoc ergo propter hoc rationalisation. The social sciences are a long way from allowing the prediction of the global long-term net equilibrium effects of a major institutional change such as devolution in Wales. I further argue that the nonconsequentialist value of autonomy is the underlying justification for the devolution process. Devolution should be judged according to how it appeals to, supports or embodies this value.

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17

McCall, Vikki. "Some Useful Sources." Social Policy and Society 8, no. 3 (July 2009): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746409004965.

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The following section provides a guide to sources on Scottish devolution. This includes key references from the larger UK-wide literature on devolution, which offer comparative analysis between Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and England. Regarding devolution sources, the literature available can go out of date very quickly but the list below aims to provide both the most up-to-date useful sources and earlier readings that are still relevant and offer a comprehensive look at Scottish devolution within a social policy context.

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18

Wall, Rachel, and Noemia Bessa Vilela. "Deal or no deal: English Devolution, a top-down approach." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 14, no. 3 (July 31, 2016): 655–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/14.3.655-670(2016).

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A new legislative framework for devolution has been introduced into England marking a potentially significant step towards addressing the unfinished business of Labour’s devolution settlement. What promised to be a bespoke and bottom-up commitment to devolution for English local government has manifested into a top-down, prescriptive and inconsistent process of agreeing the decentralisation of functions and finances to groups of principal local authorities. The paper reports on the progress of the new wave of devolution in England to date, through a review of agreed devolution deals and assesses the extent to which the current ‘devolution revolution’ represents the beginning of a shift away from a centralised system built from the bottom up, or looks set to result in another typically top-down reform to local government. The paper presents the initial findings of early research, which will be used to develop key research questions for a further long-term research project.

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19

Kibira, Lizzy Muthoni. "A Representative of the People." Strathmore Law Journal 5, no. 1 (June 8, 2021): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.52907/slj.v5i1.145.

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This article is dedicated to analyze Dominic Burbidge’s An experiment in devolution. Published by Strathmore University Press in 2019, the 319-page volume is a welcome addition to the growing scholarship on devolution in Kenya. This text, indeed, brings with it a much needed ‘empirical grit’ to a discourse previously saturated with historically and theoretically derived conjecture. The hallmark of the book is, therefore, this attention to the material, the meticulousness with which it relays empirical findings and finally, how the author manages to successfully marry empirical data and theory; resulting in an interesting telling of the story of devolution. Thus, Burbidge sets out to test the performance of devolution in the counties where it was most predicted to fail: the former Central Province. He investigates how devolution has actually played out in this region; taking into consideration the historically complicated relationship between Mount Kenya and Nairobi and the enduring scepticism as to the compatibility of devolution and the interests of Central Kenya.

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20

Yiwen, Zhang, Shashi Kant, and Hexing Long. "Collective Action Dilemma after China’s Forest Tenure Reform: Operationalizing Forest Devolution in a Rapidly Changing Society." Land 9, no. 2 (February 17, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9020058.

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Devolution is a promising tool to enhance forest management. The literature has discussed many factors that affect the outcomes of forest devolution policies; however, insufficient attention has been paid to the role of exogenous socio-economic changes. Using the longitudinal case study method, we focus on how socio-economic changes affect the effectiveness of forest devolution policies using a case from Southeast China. We find that in this case, although forest devolution succeeded in granting farmers sufficient forest rights, it failed to incentivize farmers to contribute to managing forests because of the dramatic changes in socio-economic contexts. Economic development and outmigration reduced farmers’ dependence on forest income, elevated the costs of silvicultural operations, and posed market risks, thereby reducing farmers’ enthusiasm about managing forests; outmigration also weakened community leadership and impeded the collective action of making forest investments. Eventually, socio-economic changes compromised the positive stimulus caused by forest devolution and contributed to the collective action dilemma of managing forests after the reform. We argue that operationalizing forest devolution in developing countries needs to consider the exogenous socio-economic changes that may enhance or counteract the effects of devolution policies, and that more autonomy should be granted to communities to make policies adaptative to their local socio-economic dynamics.

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21

Olek, Michael J., and Linsey Bui. "Medical Electronic Devolution." International Journal of Medical Students 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 92–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2021.984.

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22

Dow, John. "Devolution by Degrees." Journal of Integrated Care 18, no. 1 (February 4, 2010): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5042/jic.2010.0084.

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23

Parry, Richard. "Review: Administrative Devolution." Scottish Affairs 51 (First Serie, no. 1 (May 2005): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2005.0030.

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24

McHarg, Aileen. "Crown Estate Devolution." Edinburgh Law Review 20, no. 3 (September 2016): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/elr.2016.0373.

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25

Mullen, Tom. "Update on Devolution." European Public Law 6, Issue 1 (March 1, 2000): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/272008.

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26

Duffin, Christian. "Devolution not revolution." Nursing Standard 15, no. 10 (November 22, 2000): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.15.10.12.s30.

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27

Tyson, J. D., and A. Peters. "Devolution too far?" Veterinary Record 167, no. 16 (October 15, 2010): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.c5683.

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28

Rummery, Kirstein, and Ian Greener. "Introduction: UK Devolution." Social Policy & Administration 46, no. 2 (February 7, 2012): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.2011.00827.x.

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29

Andrews, June. "Devolution of care." Nursing Older People 10, no. 6 (December 1, 1998): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nop.10.6.8.s8.

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30

Jeffrey J. Williams. "The Academic Devolution." Dissent 56, no. 4 (2009): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dss.0.0080.

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31

Williams, G. "Devolution and Wales." British Journal of Social Work 31, no. 4 (August 1, 2001): 643–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/31.4.643.

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32

Hanseth, Ole, Claudio U. Ciborra, and Kristin Braa. "The control devolution." ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems 32, no. 4 (September 2001): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/506139.506144.

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33

MINNS, RICHARD, and JOHN TOMANEY. "More than Devolution." New Economy 2, no. 4 (December 1995): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0041.1995.tb00095.x.

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34

ABBOTT, ANDREW. "The Causal Devolution." Sociological Methods & Research 27, no. 2 (November 1998): 148–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124198027002002.

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35

Sundar, Nandini. "Is Devolution Democratization?" World Development 29, no. 12 (December 2001): 2007–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-750x(01)00085-7.

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36

Herz, J., K. M. Boycott, and J. S. Parboosingh. ""Devolution" of bipedality." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 21 (May 16, 2008): E25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0802584105.

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37

Abrahams, Harry. "Devolution Enhances Integration." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 12, sup1 (January 2005): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2005.10648664.

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38

Sinclair, Duncan. "Devolution to Whom?" Healthcare Management Forum 10, no. 3 (October 1997): 5–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)60950-7.

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39

Kingsley, G. Thomas. "Perspectives on Devolution." Journal of the American Planning Association 62, no. 4 (December 31, 1996): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01944369608975709.

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40

Greer, Alan. "Brexit and Devolution." Political Quarterly 89, no. 1 (November 1, 2017): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-923x.12442.

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41

Newton, Charlotte. "Devolution in manchester." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 97, no. 4 (April 2015): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363515x14134529302740.

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42

Brown, C. P. T. "Drawbacks of devolution." BMJ 293, no. 6538 (July 5, 1986): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.293.6538.53-a.

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43

Cascón‐Pereira, Rosalía, Mireia Valverde, and Gerard Ryan. "Mapping out devolution: an exploration of the realities of devolution." Journal of European Industrial Training 30, no. 2 (February 2006): 129–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090590610651267.

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44

Mapuva, Jephias, Edson Paul Mutema, and Zvimekria Clive Mukushwa. "RE-VISITING THE CONSTITUTIONALISATION OF LOCAL GOVERNANCE IN ZIMBABWE: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR DEVELOPMENT." Journal of Public Administration and Development Alternatives 5, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.55190/rdhc9092.

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In conventional participatory paradigm, it is significant to involve citizens in decision- making processes in projects that affect their lives. Citizen participation enhances transparency and legitimacy as well as accountability and responsiveness from those entrusted with public office. In Zimbabwe, the constitutionalisation of local governance has seen a provision obligating Central Government to support devolution through the provision of financial resources. This article explores opportunities provided by the constitution through an elaborate discussion of devolution rolled out by the Government in Zimbabwe. Practical examples of the implementation of devolution projects in different districts in the country are given. The presentation of financial allocation of devolution funds are evidence of commitment by Government to implement devolution as a community empowerment initiative.Gleanings from available literature concluded that it has been worthwhile to constitutionalise Local Governance in Zimbabwe.

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45

Benneworth, Paul, and Peter Roberts. "Devolution, Sustainability and Local Economic Development: Impacts on Local Autonomy, Policymaking and Economic Development Outcomes." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 17, no. 3 (August 2002): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690940210152540.

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In this paper, we examine how devolution has affected local sustainable development. We focus on attempting to gauge how devolution will affect the promotion of sustainable development in the English regions through an analysis of the changes to date in Scotland, Wales and London. This evaluation is made more difficult because of the range of changes which devolution involves - political, institutional, organizational and cultural, and it is hard to ascribe particular outcomes to particular changes. The focus of the paper is examining how local sustainability regimes have been affected by devolution in the three case study regions. We then conclude that devolution can only add value to existing arrangements if it creates an additional level of legitimacy which supports local coalitions deepening their commitment to the principles of local sustainable development.

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46

Beel, David, Martin Jones, Ian Rees Jones, and Warren Escadale. "Connected growth: Developing a framework to drive inclusive growth across a city-region." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 32, no. 6 (August 28, 2017): 565–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094217727236.

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This ‘in perspective’ piece addresses the (re-)positioning of civil society within new structures of city-region governance within Greater Manchester. This follows on from the processes of devolution, which have given the Greater Manchester City-Region a number of new powers. UK devolution, to date, has been largely focused upon engendering agglomerated economic growth at the city-region scale. Within Greater Manchester City-Region, devolution for economic development has sat alongside the devolution of health and social care (unlike any other city-region in the UK) as well. Based on stakeholder mapping and semi-structured interviews with key actors operating across the Greater Manchester City-Region, the paper illustrates how this has created a number of significant tensions and opportunities for civil society actors, as they have sought to contest a shifting governance framework. The paper, therefore, calls for future research to carefully consider how civil society groups are grappling with devolution; both contesting and responding to devolution. This is timely given the shifting policy and political discourse towards the need to deliver more socially inclusive city-regions.

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47

Brownlow, Graham. "INSTITUTIONAL GEOGRAPHY ONCE MORE? DEVOLUTION ECONOMICS NORTHERN IRELAND STYLE." National Institute Economic Review 261 (2022): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nie.2022.15.

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AbstractIn this paper, we investigate devolution in the Northern Irish context. The role of institutional geography is highlighted. Both contemporary and historical (c. 1921–1972) devolution models are discussed. It is argued that institutional factors provide explanations for economic weaknesses found under both devolution models. The evidence presented suggests that the institutional geography has both changed and exhibited continuities and we discuss these features in relation to contemporary issues. In particular, it is argued that institutional geography considerations have shaped the creation of the current review of tax devolution as well as the creation of an independent fiscal council.

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48

Kutepova, Maryna. "Preconditions and stages of devolution in the UK." Acta de Historia & Politica: Saeculum XXI, no. 03 (May 28, 2022): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/ahpsxxi2021-2022.03.022.

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The article analyses preconditions and stages of devolution in the UK. It is shown, that the decentralization of public administration in the UK means the devolution of central government and increasing the responsibility of local government in the expansion and development of various forms of interaction between state and society. In this context, devolution is primarily a process of transferring power from the central to the lower level. Devolution has become the most important event of recent decades in the political and socio-economic development of Great Britain. In contrast to decentralization, devolution aims at a more substantial transformation of the territorial system of government – the transfer of not only executive powers but also some legislative ones. Thus, the decentralization of power, which has signs of devolution in Britain, is complex and ambiguous process. The process of devolution in the UK is characterized by asymmetry, as evidenced by the lack of legislative powers of England. In this context, it is stated that the procedure of interaction between public authorities at different levels is not well established. Today, there are a significant number of control functions, levers of administrative and financial pressure on central offices, as well as the lack of clear recommendations by which local authorities could determine what is within their competence and address urgent issues more effectively.

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49

McCollum, Rosalind, Ralalicia Limato, Lilian Otiso, Sally Theobald, and Miriam Taegtmeyer. "Health system governance following devolution: comparing experiences of decentralisation in Kenya and Indonesia." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 5 (September 2018): e000939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000939.

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IntroductionDevolution reforms in Indonesia and Kenya have brought extensive changes to governance structures and mechanisms for financing and delivering healthcare. Community health approaches can contribute towards attaining many of devolution’s objectives, including community participation, responsiveness, accountability and improved equity. We set out to examine governance in two countries at different stages in the devolution journey: Indonesia at 15 years postdevolution and Kenya at 3 years.MethodsWe collected qualitative data across multiple levels of the health system in one district in Indonesia and ten counties in Kenya, through 80 interviews and six focus group discussions (FGD) in Indonesia and 269 interviews and 14 FGDs in Kenya. Qualitative data were digitally recorded, transcribed and coded before thematic framework analysis. Common themes between contexts were identified inductively and deductively, and similarities and differences critically analysed during an inter-country analysis workshop.ResultsFollowing devolution both Indonesia and Kenya experienced similar challenges ensuring good governance for health. Devolution reforms transformed power relationships, increasing responsibilities at subnational levels and introducing opportunities for citizen participation. In both contexts, the impact of these mechanisms has been undermined by insufficiently clear guidance; failure to address pre-existing negative contextual norms and practices varied decision-maker values, limited priority-setting capacity and limited genuine community accountability. As a consequence, priorities in both contexts are too often placed on curative rather than preventive health services.ConclusionWe recommend consideration of increased intersectoral actions that address social determinants of health, challenge negative norms and practices and place emphasis on community-based primary health services.

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Kochetkov, E. "Devolution in political and legal practice of modern states." Journal of Political Research 7, no. 2 (July 31, 2023): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-6295-2023-7-2-53-62.

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The article analyzes he specifics of devolutionary processes in modern states. The author defines devolution as the transfer by the central power structures of part of the powers to autonomous territories. Criteria for differentiation of decentralization of power and devolution are singled out. A review of the existing scientific literature on the subject under consideration has shown that there is no consensus among researchers on the nature of the phenomenon of devolution. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that devolution is a product of globalization. Vectors of the implementation of devolution are presented: legislative powers, powers in the field of collecting and spending budget funds, language policy, ethnic policy, foreign policy powers. The systems of distribution of power between the center and regions in Germany, Italy, Spain, Great Britain are analyzed. The author notes the advantages and disadvantages of existing power distribution systems.

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