Dissertations / Theses: 'Deveplopment on the slope'

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Veselá, Lenka. "Návrh udržitelné městské struktury - na bázi středověkého města - pro 21.století." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443714.

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The diploma thesis deals with a new development on the outskirts of Náměšť nad Oslavou in a locality behind the railway. The proposal addresses the possibility of connecting the area to the city, both road and pedestrian. The new development is located in a sloping terrain and complements the missing amenities in the area and adds new public spaces. in the area are designed houses, terraced houses and villa houses. The design respects the character of the place and the existing buildings in Náměšť nad Oslavou.

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Reeves, Bryan Anthony. "Slope stability radar /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17049.pdf.

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Larsson, Martin. "Road Slope Estimation." Thesis, Linköping University, Automatic Control, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-53884.

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Knowledge about the current road slope can improve several applications in a heavy-duty vehicle such as predictive cruise control and automated gearbox control. In this thesis the possibility of estimating the road slope based on signals from a vehicles air suspension system has been studied. More specifically, the measurement consists of a pressure signal measuring the axle load, and a vertical distance sensor.

A variety of suspension systems can be mounted on a Scania truck. During this thesis, two discrete-time models based on two different rear axle air suspension systems have been proposed. The models use the effect of alternating axle load during a change in the road slope and the estimates are computed using an extended Kalman filter.

The first model is based on a rear axle suspension known as the 2-bellow system. This type of suspension is strongly affected by the driveshaft torque, which results in a behaviour where the rear end is pushed upwards and thus decreasing the rear axle load during uphill driving. A model was developed in order to compensate for this behaviour. Unfortunately, the estimates showed less promising results and all attempts to determine the error was unsuccessful.

The latter model is based on the 4-bellow system. This suspension system is not affected by the driveshaft torque and a less complex model could be derived. The experimental results indicated that road slope estimation was possible and with a fairly accurate result. However, more work is needed since the estimate is affected by road surface irregularities and since the algorithm requires knowledge about the vehicles mass and the location of the centre of gravity.

All the presented results have been estimated based on real data from a test track at Scania Technical Centre in Södertälje.

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Firat, Seyhan. "Critical assessment of existing slope stability formulae and application to slope stabilisation." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1998. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/critical-assessment-of-existing-slope-stability-formulae-and-application-to-slope-stabilisation(339ddd93-e0c1-466d-8278-143beca4fb20).html.

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In this research, extensive use has been made of limit equilibrium methods of analysis for studying the stability of slopes. For the determination of the factor of safety (FOS) of slopes, the usual two-step process has been adopted; (a) assuming a slip surface for the soil mass, and (b) using the appropriate limit equilibrium equation(s). Eight wellknown limit equilibrium methods have been programmed to calculate different FOS values. The comparative performance of the various analyses has been carried out successfully using case studies. The innovative use of Gauss quadrature to calculate the FOS values has been shown to reducet he iterative sequencesd ramatically with no loss of accuracy. A visco-plastic flow model has been proposed to estimate lateral forces on piles used for slope stabilisation. The present research data occupies an "in-between" position to the previously reported values, with the variation trend being confirmed satisfactorily in all cases. Slope stabilisation due to the presence of a row of piles has been investigated using two distinct lateral load estimations. These include theories of plastic deformation and the proposed visco-plastic flow which are modelled and implemented in a computer program. Eight well-known methods of slope stability analyses have been adopted and computer coded to re-calculate FOS values for a slope reinforced by a row of piles. A Finite Element computer program has been developed to evaluate the displacement, bending moment and shear force along the pile axis. The pile is analysed at two levels above and below the slip failure surface.

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Fitton, Timothy, and tfitton@hotmail com. "Tailings beach slope prediction." RMIT University. Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080212.120813.

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Tailings (mining waste) disposal is a significant consideration for the mining industry, with the majority of the ore processed in most mining operations ending up as tailings. This creates large volumes of tailings, which must be handled and stored responsibly to avoid potential environmental catastrophes. The most common form of tailings storage facility is the impoundment, where tailings are contained within a basin, with beaches forming around the perimeter of the impoundment and a pond standing in the middle. A relatively new method of tailings storage is to create a 'stack', whereby the tailings solids form a large heap, with the discharge of tailings slurry from the apex of the heap. It is of significant value for mine operators and tailings engineers to be able to predict the shape of the beach that forms in either of these disposal scenarios. The key to being able to do this relies on a method of prediction of the beach slope. The aim of this work is to develop a method of tailings beach slope prediction for tailings slurries that are sub-aerially discharged from a pipe. In this thesis a literature review is undertaken, investigating existing methods for the prediction of tailings beach slopes. These methods are validated against relevant industrial and experimental data. Two separate phases of experimental work have taken place in an effort to investigate tailings deposition behaviour, one at mine sites and the other in a laboratory on a small scale. Three new tailings beach slope prediction models are presented; a simple empirical model enabling quick approximate predictions; an a priori tailings beach slope prediction model based on existing theories of open channel flow, sediment transport and rheology, which is more powerful due to the greater degree of theory in its foundation; and a new semi-empirical model that shares some of the theoretical aspects of the a priori model but offers better predictions due to its empirical calibration to the experimental data. The experimental results, along with 3 other independently collected sets of relevant industrial and experimental data, are used to validate the beach slope prediction models found in the literature, as well as the new beach slope models presented in this thesis. Statistical evaluation of the performance of all of these models is presented to enable comparison. Finally, a new beach shape model is presented for the three dimensional geometric forecasting of the beach surface of a tailings stack. Historic tailings discharge data is run through the beach shape model, and the shapes predicted by the model are compared with aerial survey data of a real tailings stack for validation of the shape model. This work not only presents a new method of tailings stack shape prediction, but also a plausible theory for explaining the concavity of tailings beaches. The stack shape model also has the potential to be developed further for the three dimensional modelling of tailings beaches formed in other types of storage facilities, such as impoundments or valleys.

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VanGilder, Joyce A. "Promenade Down the Slope." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10002.

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This project is an investigation into issues surrounding the placing of a building into the context of a sloped site. The study manifests itself through the design of a farmer's market, restaurant and retail space on a site defined by a change on volumetric disposition, movement pattern and structural system.
Master of Architecture

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Habgood, Edward Leslie. "Along-slope and down-slope sediment transport proceses in the Gulf of Cadiz." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273808.

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Pedemonte, Aguilar Iván. "Evaluation of open pit slope deformation using novel numerical modeling software slope model." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/159333.

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Magíster en Minería
A medida que las minas a cielo abierto crecen y se profundizan la estabilidad de sus taludes toma un papel importante y crítico, es por eso que la estimación previa del comportamiento de la roca en cada una de las etapas de la construcción de la mina es crucial para asegurar la estabilidad en el largo plazo. Una correcta estimación permite diseños más empinados, y una mejora en la ratio de remoción estéril/mineral, lo que debería reflejarse en el mejoramiento del VAN del proyecto. El objetivo de esta tesis es validar el nuevo software Slope Model, para el análisis de estabilidad de taludes, mediante la comparación de este con el software ya validado 3DEC. El fin del proyecto es mejorar el conocimiento respecto el comportamiento de macizos rocosos fracturados. En la actualidad existen diferentes programas de modelamiento numérico para la estimación del comportamiento de taludes mineros, los cuales van desde el método de equilibrio límite (LE) hasta enfoques matemáticos analíticos más complejos. La elección de usar un método u otro depende de varios factores como son el nivel de detalle que se le quiere dar a la zona a estudiar, las propiedades de las rocas y la cantidad de discontinuidades presentes. Los métodos utilizados más comunes son los continuos, discontinuos e híbridos. En el marco de los modelos discontinuos se observó que los softwares actuales no son capaces de reproducir la creación y propagación de nuevas fracturas mediante la rotura de roca intacta, hecho que si ocurre en la realidad. Por este motivo se eligió el nuevo software Slope Model (SM), de la empresa ITASCA, el cual sí reproduce dichos fenómenos, muy importantes para el estudio geotécnico del área analizada. Siendo SM un software en desarrollo, los resultados fueron comparados con un modelamiento usando el software 3DEC. En la presente tesis se llevó a cabo la representación simplificada de un talud de una mina ubicada en Chile. Utilizando los mismos parámetros de entrada, los resultados de SM representan correctamente los principales desplazamientos, habiendo diferencias en la magnitud de los valores. Los factores de seguridad obtenidos en SM son levemente menores que en 3DEC, lo que concuerda con la teoría ya que SM tiene la capacidad de representar la rotura de roca intacta y propagación de fracturas, resultando en una menor resistencia de la roca.

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Lay, Andrea N. "Neuromuscular Coordination during Slope Walking." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7507.

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The biomechanics and muscle activity of forward and backward slope walking was investigated in humans to gain additional insight into neural control strategies. An adjustable instrumented ramped walkway was constructed and validated. Kinematic, ground reaction force, and muscle activity data were collected from nine subjects walking at three grades (0%, 15%, and 39%) for each of four conditions (forward upslope and downslope and backward upslope and downslope). The changes observed in the data were generally progressive from 0% to 15% to 39% grade. During forward downslope walking the joint moment pattern at the knee changed significantly, power absorption increased, and changes in the muscle activity patterns corresponded directly to changes in joint mechanics. During forward upslope walking, the hip joint moment pattern changed significantly, power generation increased, and changes in the muscle activity pattern were not directly related to changes in the joint moments at all joints. The muscle activity pattern data suggest that modifications to the level walking control strategies were necessary during slope walking. Backward slope walking was used to further explore these findings. Backward upslope and forward downslope kinematics and kinetics were similar, as were those from backward downslope and forward upslope walking. However, power generation increased during upslope walking tasks and power absorption increased during downslope walking tasks, and the changes in muscle firing patterns were more similar for these tasks than for those with similar kinetics. Increased power generation required compensatory muscle activity at adjacent joints that was not directly related to the moments at those joints; increased power absorption did not require such compensatory activity, and muscle activity was directly related to the joint moments. Overall, these data suggest that changes in the control strategy and/or modifications of the level walking control strategy are strongly influenced by the power demands of a task. The characterization of forward and backward slope walking presented here is novel and has important implications for many patient populations; knowledge of the task mechanics may be used to develop or improve physical therapy and rehabilitation exercise programs as well as the design of replacement and/or assistive devices.

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Luo, Zhiwen, and 罗志文. "City ventilation by slope wind." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46089962.

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Kong, Lok-lam, and 江樂琳. "Community gardens on slope HK." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50703596.

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Allen, Susan Elizaeth. "Rossby adjustment over a slope." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292877.

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Peterson, Jennifer Lynn. "Probability analysis of slope stability." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1070.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 91 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64).

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Benko, Boris. "Numerical modelling of complex slope deformations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq24004.pdf.

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Wanstreet, Pinar. "Finite element analysis of slope stability." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5480.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 86 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-82).

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Norris, J. E. "Root mechanics applied to slope stability." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505575.

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Ng, Man-chung, and 吳敏聰. "Water infiltration in unsaturated soil slope." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46599642.

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Gogo-Abite, Ikiensinma. "SLOPE STABILITY OF LATERITE SOIL EMBANKMENTS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3487.

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Embankments are key elements in the infrastructural development of structures such as dams, bridges, and roads. Residual soils are generally used as fills in the construction of embankments in areas were residual soils such as laterite is the dominant soil types. Laterite soils have the characteristics of losing its shear strength with time and in fully saturated conditions and its properties varies from region to region. The soil property is influenced by the chemical composition and the environment. The binding agent iron oxide in such soils changes its composition with time and in the presence of moisture. Sudden failures of embankments founded of laterite soils which were, otherwise, checked and found to be safe with high factor of safety, have been observed. This study is performed to investigate the stability of embankments with sudden loss of strength with time and when it is fully saturated. The research includes an investigation of the properties of laterite soils around the world, with particular emphasis on Nigeria. Initially, information is gathered from different sources about the strength-based properties of such soils. Previous research in Nigeria is used as a basis for obtaining real-world soil data. Next, stability analyses are performed using SLOPE/W with shear strength parameters for total stress (short-term), effective stress (long-term), and fully saturated soil conditions. A probability analysis is conducted for the fully saturated conditions because of the variability in the input parameters. Three slope configurations (1:1, 2:1, and 3:1) are considered. The study revealed that the laterite soils embankments lose most of its stability over time period and in full saturation soil conditions. Both these conditions significantly compromise the strength of the soil and the related stability of slopes. To consolidate all information, a database of the properties of laterite soils in some localities of Nigeria was created on the geographic information system (GIS), in order provide a quick access to information on laterite soils in Nigeria.
M.S.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Civil Engineering

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Gray, Thomas Edward. "Sedimentation at subaqueous breaks in slope." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410044.

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Stevens, I. G. "Modelling pollutant dispersion and slope currents." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372560.

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Buckman, Maureen. "The significance of the alveolar slope." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844615/.

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When gas is inspired into the lungs it mixes with the gas left in the lungs at the end of the previous expiration. In health, this mixing is relatively efficient but in disease this gas mixing is impaired. Impairment of mixing is brought about by two processes, a maldistribution of inspired gas into a parallel system, or an inhibition of diffusion. The aim of this thesis was to illuminate the contributions made by these two processes to this impairment. This was done by investigating single and multi-breath alveolar mixing efficiency (AME) in never smokers and patients with chronic airway disease and by the use of mathematical models. Both indices of alveolar mixing efficiencies were found to be reproducible in never smokers and patients, AME(mb) and AME(sb) were both significantly lower in patients than in never smokers. A two-compartment parallel model was devised to evaluate the contribution of regional inhomogeneity. This showed that the only way both values of AME(sb) and AME(mb) could be reproduced was to include a component of diffusion limitation. Another model was devised to evaluate the contribution of diffusion limitation to mixing impairment. This model proved to be inadequate to permit any conclusions. The work presented in this thesis suggests that gas mixing impairment results from a maldistribution of inspired gas and gaseous diffusion limitation with the latter playing the most significant role in the generation of the alveolar slope, more especially in diseased lungs.

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Wei, Yukun. "Slope stability assessment through field monitoring." Thesis, KTH, Jord- och bergmekanik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239955.

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Deterministic methods have been used in geotechnical engineering for a long period, such as slope stability calculations. However, only applying deterministic methods is subjective and imperfect. There is a demand to develop a systematic methodology to link the assessed slope stability and field measurement data, which is also known as inverse analysis and forward calculation. Based on the Nya Slussen project, this thesis includes the development of a methodology, deterministic calculation for 4 cross sections using finite element program Plaxis 2D and probabilistic calculation for one section. Deterministic analyses showed satisfying results for all the studied cross sections since their factors of safety exceeded the minimum requirement. In probabilistic design, three parameters were found to have the most uncertainties through sensitivity analysis (undrained shear strength of clay, Young’s modulus of clay and friction angle of fill). Inverse analysis was done by testing different values of them in Plaxis and to try to match the displacement components provided by field measurement. After finding the best optimization for all the parameters, forward calculation gave a final factor of safety. It is suggested that both of the methods should be utilized together for better assessment.

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Bakhtiari, Siamak. "Stochastic finite element slope stability analysis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/stochastic-finite-element-slope-stability-analysis(c1b451d9-8bf6-43ff-9c10-7b5209fb45c1).html.

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In this thesis, the failures that occurred during the construction of the Jamuna Bridge Abutment in Bangladesh have been investigated. In particular, the influence of heterogeneity on slope stability has been studied using statistical methods, random field theory and the finite element method. The research is divided into three main parts: the statistical characterization of the Jamuna River Sand, based on an extensive in-situ and laboratory database available for the site; calibration of the laboratory data against a double-hardening elastoplastic soil model; and stochastic finite element slope stability analyses, using a Monte Carlo simulation, to analyse the slope failures accounting for heterogeneity. The sand state has been characterised in terms of state parameter, a meaningful quantity which can fully represent the mechanical behaviour of the soil. It was found that the site consists of predominantly loose to mildly dilative material and is very variable. Also, a Normal distribution was found to best represent the state parameter and a Lognormal distribution was found to best represent the tip resistance.The calibration of the constitutive model parameters was found to be challenging, as alternative approaches had to be adopted due to lack of appropriate test results available for the site. Single-variate random fields of state parameter were then linked to the constitutive model parameters based on the relationships found between them, and a parametric study of the abutment was then carried out by linking finite elements and random field theory within a Monte Carlo framework.It was found that, as the degree of anisotropy of the heterogeneity increases, the range of structural responses increases as well. For the isotropic cases, the range of responses was relatively smaller and tended to result in more localised failures. For the anisotropic cases, it was found that there are two different types of deformation mechanism. It was also found that, as the vertical scale of fluctuation becomes bigger, the range of possible structural responses increases and failure is more likely. Finally, it was found that the failed zones observed during the excavation of the West Guide Bund of the Jamuna Bridge Abutment could be closely predicted if heterogeneity was considered in the finite element analyses. In particular, it was found that, for such a natural deposit, a large degree of anisotropy (in the range of 20) could account for the deformation mechanisms observed on site.

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Mahajan, Virendra N., and Eva Acosta. "Wavefront analysis from its slope data." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626489.

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In the aberration analysis of a wavefront over a certain domain, the polynomials that are orthogonal over and represent balanced wave aberrations for this domain are used. For example, Zernike circle polynomials are used for the analysis of a circular wavefront. Similarly, the annular polynomials are used to analyze the annular wavefronts for systems with annular pupils, as in a rotationally symmetric two-mirror system, such as the Hubble space telescope. However, when the data available for analysis are the slopes of a wavefront, as, for example, in a Shack-Hartmann sensor, we can integrate the slope data to obtain the wavefront data, and then use the orthogonal polynomials to obtain the aberration coefficients. An alternative is to find vector functions that are orthogonal to the gradients of the wavefront polynomials, and obtain the aberration coefficients directly as the inner products of these functions with the slope data. In this paper, we show that an infinite number of vector functions can be obtained in this manner. We show further that the vector functions that are irrotational are unique and propagate minimum uncorrelated additive random noise from the slope data to the aberration coefficients.

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Mathur, Priti. "A comparison of slope estimation methods." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41688.

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The study evaluates widely used slope estimation algorithms with the aim of determining similarities or differences between results obtained by each, the accuracy of methods in modelling actual slope, and the suitability of these methods for site-specific and non-site specific applications. The data used in the study comprise of 24 artificial surfaces generated from mathematical equations and a natural surface represented by a USGS Digital Elevation Model of the Salem Quadrangle, Virginia. The concept of using artificial surfaces was to enable determination of accuracy without the requirement for field observations. The gradient calculated from partial derivatives of the equations was used to compare results from different methods. The natural surface was used to validate the findings of the study on artificial surfaces. The results were then statistically evaluated using ANOVA and regression analysis. It was found that the methods could be used interchangeably for non-site-specific applications while for site-specific applications the differences could be very significant.
Master of Science

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Chandarana, Upasna Piyush, and Upasna Piyush Chandarana. "Optimizing Geotechnical Risk Management Analysis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625550.

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Mines have an inherent risk of geotechnical failure in both rock excavations and tailings storage facilities. Geotechnical failure occurs when there is a combination of exceptionally large forces acting on a structure and/or low material strength resulting in the structure not withstanding a designed service load. The excavation of rocks can cause unintended rock mass movements. If the movement is monitored promptly, accidents, loss of ore reserves and equipment, loss of lives, and closure of the mine can be prevented. Mining companies routinely use deformation monitoring to manage the geotechnical risk associated with the mining process. The aim of this dissertation is to review the geotechnical risk management process to optimize the geotechnical risk management analysis. In order to perform a proper analysis of slope instability, understanding the importance as well as the limitations of any monitoring system is crucial. Due to the potential threat associated with slope stability, it has become the top priority in all risk management programs to predict the time of slope failure. Datasets from monitoring systems are used to perform slope failure analysis. Innovations in slope monitoring equipment in the recent years have made it possible to scan a broad rock face in a short period with sub-millimetric accuracy. Instruments like Slope Stability Radars (SSR) provide the quantitative data that is commonly used to perform risk management analysis. However, it is challenging to find a method that can provide an accurate time of failure predictions. Many studies in the recent past have attempted to predict the time of slope failure using the Inverse Velocity (IV) method, and to analyze the probability of a failure with the fuzzy neural networks. Various method investigated in this dissertation include: Minimum Inverse Velocity (MIV), Maximum Velocity (MV), Log Velocity (LV), Log Inverse Velocity (LIV), Spline Regression (SR) and Machine Learning (ML). Based on the results of these studies, the ML method has the highest rate of success in predicting the time of slope failures. The predictions provided by the ML showed ~86% improvement in the results in comparison to the traditional IV method and ~72% improvement when compared with the MIV method. The MIV method also performed well with ~75% improvement in the results in comparison to the traditional IV method. Overall, both the new proposed methods, ML and MIV, outperformed the traditional inverse velocity technique used for predicting slope failure.

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Armitage, Dominic Anthony. "High-resolution architectural evolution of depositional elements in deep-marine slope environments : the quaternary Niger delta slope, quaternary southwest grand banks slope, Canada, and Cretaceous Tres pasos formation, Chile /." May be available electronically:, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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Catterlin, Richard. "Composition of Canyon-Slope Woodlands in Zoar Valley, Western New York, as Associated with Slope Orientation and Elevation." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1290094544.

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Ye, Brian, and Benny Tieu. "Implementation and Evaluation of a Recommender System Based on the Slope One and the Weighted Slope One Algorithm." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-166438.

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Recommender systems are used on many different websites today and are mechanisms that are supposed to accurately give personalized recommendations of items to a set of different users. An item can for example be movies on Netflix. The purpose of this paper is to implement an algorithm that fulfills five stated goals of the implementation. The goals are as followed: the algorithm should be easy to implement, be effective on query time, accurate on recommendations, put little expectations on users and alternations of algorithm should not have to be changed comprehensively. Slope One is a simplified version of linear regression and can be used to recommend items. By using the Netflix Prize data set from 2009 and the Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE) as an evaluator, Slope One generates an accuracy of 1.007 units. The Weighted Slope One, which takes the relevancy of items into the calculation, generates an accuracy of 0.990 units. Adding Weighted Slope One to the Slope One implementation can be done without changing the fundamentals of the Slope One algorithm. It is nearly instantaneous to generate a recommendation of a movie with regular Slope One and Weighted Slope One. However, a precomputing stage is needed for the mechanism. In order to receive a recommendation of the implementation in this paper, the user must at least have rated two items.
Rekommendationssystem används idag på många olika hemsidor, och är en mekanism som har syftet att, med noggrannhet, ge en personlig rekommendation av objekt till en mängd olika användare. Ett objekt kan exempelvis vara en film från Netflix. Syftet med denna rapport är att implementera en algoritm som uppfyller fem olika implementationsmål. Målen är enligt följande: algoritmen ska vara enkel att implementera, ha en effektiv tid på dataförfrågan, ge noggranna rekommendationer, sätta låga förväntningar hos användaren samt ska algoritmen inte behöva omfattande förändring vid alternering. Slope One är en förenklad version av linjär regression, och kan även användas till att rekommendera objekt. Genom att använda datamängden från Netflix Prize från 2009 och måttet Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE) som en utvärderare, kan Slope One generera en precision på 1.007 enheter. Den viktade Slope One, som tar hänsyn till varje föremåls relevans, genererar en precision på 0.990 enheter. När dessa två algoritmer kombineras, behövs inte större fundamentala ändringar i implementationen av Slope One. En rekommendation av något objekt kan genereras omedelbart med någon av de två algoritmerna, dock krävs det en förberäkningsfas i mekanismen. För att få en rekommendation av implementationen i denna rapport, måste användaren åtminstone ha värderat två objekt.

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30

Kertznus, Vanessa Raquel. "Stratigraphic development of delta-fed slope systems." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted: no access until Jul. 3, 2013, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=56267.

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31

Li, Aiguo, and 李愛國. "Field monitoring of a saprolite cut slope." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29901765.

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32

何旅碧 and Lui-pik Pinky Ho. "Effectiveness of horizontal drains in slope stability." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40722375.

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33

Liu, Ying, and 劉影. "Limit equilibrium methods for slope stability analysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576684.

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34

Brown, D. J. "An expert system for slope stability assessment." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381202.

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35

Tabrez, Ali Rashid. "Slope sedimentation around the NW Indian Ocean." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295607.

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36

Lee, Simon Edward. "Sedimentary processes recorded by continental slope morphology." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398697.

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37

Othman, M. Asbi. "Highway cut slope instability problems in Malaysia." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375951.

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38

Moody, Shona. "SLOPE : a metaphor-based strategy formation tool /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2192.

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39

Dwyer, Todd Douglas. "Development of a physical slope failure model /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1421132.

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40

Ho, Lui-pik Pinky. "Effectiveness of horizontal drains in slope stability." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40722375.

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41

Chandler, Douglas Scott. "An area approach to forest slope stability /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10181.

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42

Liu, Ying. "Limit equilibrium methods for slope stability analysis." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42576684.

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43

Kung, Johnson, and 拱祥生. "Rain-Induced Slope Stability of Unsaturated Soil Slope." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81992360256245498790.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
87
Classic soil mechanics has focused on the behavior of saturated soils. The shortcomings associated with classical soil mechanics are the lack of consideration of the behavior of unsaturated soils and the missing of a model for the moisture flux boundary condition imposed by climate conditions. However, many geotechnical problems involve unsaturated soils above the groundwater table. The objective of this research is to apply the principle of the unsaturated soil mechanics to study the rain-induced slope stability of unsaturated soil slope. This study has developed a set of the unsaturated soil triaxial apparatus which can conduct a series of the shear strength test of unsaturated soils. Considering the characteristics of unsaturated soils, slope stability analyses were carried out for the Linkou lateritic terrace. The results are as follows:（1）matric suction increases the shear strength of unsaturated soils and thus increase the factory of safety of the slope stability in the dry season; （2） rain infiltration results in the forming of a wetting band and reduction of matric suction, consequently, decreases the apparent cohesion of the unsaturated soil. Then, a shallow-type of failure would take place within the wetting zone. This study shows that slope surface protection that can prevent rain infiltrating is more effective than the horizontal drains for the unsaturated soil slope. Rain infiltration may saturate soil and decrease the apparent cohesion of unsaturated soil. Consequently, the slope may become unsable. The most effective way to prevent failure of unsaturated soil slope appears to be to protect the slope surface from excessive rain infiltration.

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44

Lee, Wen Shyuan, and 李文玄. "interaction between tunnel under shallow slope and slope." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05156966125766884224.

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45

Shields, Sara. "Slope: poems." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2235.

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A collection of lyrical, free verse poems that trace the evolution of a young woman's consciousness as she matures into the roles of spouse. mother and grown daughter. The natural -slope"" from order to disorder runs through the poems as secrets take shape, children are injured, a marriage falters, and a mother dies. Even sleep, a recurring theme, loses its innocence: first appreciated for the rest it offers, it is soon disparaged as "grease for the gears of loss. rehearsal for complete darkness."

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46

Guo, Jun-Her, and 郭俊何. "Studies of the Slope Stability for Dip-Slope Development." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50608608723855091205.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
88
The development of slope communities is more complex than plain communities. The engineering influential factors for slope development includes the material properties, planning and designing consideration, groundwater treatment and erosion protection etc. The geological structure plays a key role for designing and construction. To achieve the aim of safety and economic for slope development, a better understanding how these engineering factors will influence is needed. The research focuses on the slope stability of the dip-slope which is easy to find in western Taiwan. The bedding plane between sandstone and shale was simulated in the study. The code UDEC was used for numerical simulation to analyze the dip-slope stability under various combination of engineering factors. The influence factors of slope development included the slope and height of the cut, the dip angle and shear strength parameters of bedding plane, spacing of joints, groundwater elevation, unit weight of the geological material. This study results showed that the fiction angle and the joint dip were two major factors for controlling the stability for slope development. Groundwater level also made a significant influence on slope instability under the same stratum. The factor of safety could increase if the anchor was used. The monitoring of landslide can be tracing the slip along the bedding plane.

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47

Liu, Kuan-Lin, and 劉冠麟. "Slope stability analysis under extreme rainfall in slate slope." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7e8yj9.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
營建工程系碩士班
106
With global warming and climate change issues, extreme rainfall events in the future may become the normal, causing severe disaster events will be more frequent. During the rainy season such as typhoon and heavy rain, severe rainfall often induces more serious slope disasters. Analysis of the devastating heavy rainfall in Taiwan in the past two decades, the occurrence of slope disasters is mostly caused by "excessive continuous rainfall" or "short-duration rainfall". For mild metamorphic slate, its erosion resistance is higher than that of mud or shale. However, the slate is easily split along its cleavage direction and turned into a finely- cut sheet. When subjected to long-term gravity and weathering, the material of shale will gradually become weaken and turn into creep. That is, during the deformation process of slate slope, joint fissures will gradually grow out. When the rainfall infiltration leads to groundwater level rise, the possibility of rock debris collapse will increase. In this study, high- risk areas with deep collapse were selected for analysis, taking Songmao Landslide area in Lishan District and Sinsing Landslide area in Jinfeng Township, Taitung County as examples. To simulate groundwater level rise caused by rainfall, this study conducted SEEP/W module of GeoStudio numerical software. The groundwater level monitoring data will be used for verification. Then, the SLOPE/W module of GeoStudio numerical software is used for slope stability analysis. Exploring the relationship between groundwater level rise and safety factor of slope is one of the main task in this study. The uncertainty of rainfall caused by extreme weather is researched herein. In this study, the design of rainfall patterns such as advanced, intermediated, delayed and uniform rainfalls models were simulated. This study tried to establish a deep- seated landslide disaster warning system. After simulation analysis and verification, the relationship between rainfall duration and accumulated rainfall and the relationship between the maximum groundwater level cumulative rainfall and water level elevation were proposed as the evaluation criteria. The relevant research results are as follows: (1) Relationship between rainfall duration (X) and cumulative rainfall (Y): When FS=1.05 of Songmao Landslide area, the upper bound is Y=-7.221*X+1844.052, and the lower bound Y=-7.221 *X+1630. The FS=1.0 of Sinsing Landslide area, Y=0.35*X+371.98; when FS=1.05, Y=0.021*X+143.56. (2) Relationship between cumulative rainfall at the highest groundwater level (X) and rise of groundwater level (Y): In Songmao Landslide area, the relationship of cumulative rainfall at the highest groundwater level and rise of groundwater level is Y=0.00387*X; and when Y=3m, FS=1.05; Y=6m, FS=1.0. In Sinsing Landslide area, the relationship is Y=0.00789*X; and when Y=1.0m, FS=1.05; Y=3.87m, FS=1.0.

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48

Chang, Shih-Hao, and 張世豪. "Numeric Analysis of Slope Stability at an Open Cut Slope." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uwetzr.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
土木與防災研究所
99
The staggering price of a property in urban Taipei results in high efficiency of land use and extreme density of buildings. In light of the proximity of the foundations of most buildings to other buildings or underground utility and considering the soft and weak clay underlying the geologic formation of Taipei Basin, diaphragm wall is the preferred construction method for deep excavations, as to prevent inclining of or damage to neighboring structures due to soil decompression, excessive lateral displacement or ground settlement. Open cut slope is rarely seen as the foundation excavation method of choice in Taipei Basin. An open cut slope excavation at a site located in the Keelung River K1 zone north of Keelung River and south of Tatun volcano group was studied. PLAXIS, a 2D finite element analysis program, was combined with jobsite observation data for comparison and verification. With the comparison result mentioned above, the effects of changes in the depth of bedrock at the studied jobsite to the failure surface of the excavation were investigated. The predominant control factors were explored to find out the influence of these factors to the soil slide through the simulation of PLAXIS with the penetration depth of soldier piles, groundwater table and the location of strutting as the variables.

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49

Lin, Wei-Chiao, and 林煒僑. "Studies of the Behavior of Excavating Dip Slope and Oblique Slope." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83507282627415656933.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
90
ABSTRACT The stability characterization is obviously different between excavating horizintal ground and slope, especially when various geologic structures exist. The instability mechanisms of rock slope become more complicated and difficultly to capture than soil slope does. Two-dimensional stability analyses with assuming slope behavior following plane strain or axial symmetry are common used in industry. However, the slope conditions encountered in Taiwan now is more complicated and can not be sufficiently predicted by traditional two-dimension analyses. Therefore, the three-dimensional numerical codes FLAC3D and 3DEC were used to generate different models in the research. The mechanical behavior of dip slope and oblique slope excavation were analyzed. The analytic results are shown as follows. (1) The deformation of rock slope with one joint during excavating is mainly dilation due to pressure release. (2) The progressive failure and failure mechanisms of dip slope and oblique slope are obviously different even if 3° oblique. (3) Slope failure can be happened during excavation of oblique slope with one joint set. The slope stability of oblique slope is suggested to be checked if the oblique angle between slope orientation and joint strike is smaller than 60°.

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50

Hung-ChingYang and 楊宏慶. "Influence of Rainfall Intensity and Slope Characteristics on Slope Stability Analysis." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30236453887959959231.

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碩士
國立成功大學
資源工程學系碩博士班
100
The rainfall is the most important factor in slope stability, and the rainfall infiltration is affected by the behavior of soil in the unsaturated zone. The unsaturated state is very common in nature, but the analysis of unsaturated zone is very difficult, therefore, we use the Slope/w and Seep/w modules in the Geo-Studio program to simulate slope stability and rainfall infiltration. In this study, we change rainfall intensity and slope condition to get the relationship between factor of safety and time, and discuss the influence of rainfall intensity and slope characteristics on slope stability. In the study, we discuss the different nature of slope, such as slope material, slope angle, slope height, the groundwater table deep and rainfall patterns. Results indicated that the slope becomes more danger when the slope angle, slope height and rainfall intensity increase, and the hydraulic conductivity of the material determines the impact of the rainfall on slope stability. It has less influence than the rainfall intensity on slope stability when we change the depth of groundwater table depth. In the part of rainfall patterns, the results show that it has great connection between slope stability and occurrence of peak rainfall intensity. In this study, we also discuss the slope failure at the Shanher Stream and the Xiao Lin village, and analysis the slope failure time which are induced by the rainfall. In the case of Xiao Lin village, the simulation result of failure time has an error of one hour, and the result of Shanher Stream is quite consistent with the actual failure time.

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