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Academic literature on the topic 'Développement non embryonnaire'
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Journal articles on the topic "Développement non embryonnaire"
BONNET, M., I. LOUVEAU, I. CASSAR-MALEK, L. LEFAUCHEUR, and P. Y. RESCAN. "Comprendre le développement des muscles et des tissus adipeux : un préalable pour maîtriser les qualités des carcasses et des produits des animaux d’élevage." INRA Productions Animales 28, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2015.28.2.3021.
Full textCoomans, August, Gaëtan Borgonie, and Kim Jacobsen. "Embryonic lineage evolution in nematodes." Nematology 2, no. 1 (2000): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100508908.
Full textFini, Jean-Baptiste, and Barbara Demeneix. "Les perturbateurs thyroïdiens et leurs conséquences sur le développement cérébral." Biologie Aujourd'hui 213, no. 1-2 (2019): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2019009.
Full textCOLLEAU, J. J. "La gestion des populations : Intérêt possible des biotechnologies de l’embryon pour la sélection des bovins laitiers." INRAE Productions Animales 5, HS (December 2, 1992): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1992.5.hs.4298.
Full textVIGNON, X., Y. HEYMAN, P. CHAVATTE-PALMER, and J. P. RENARD. "Biotechnologies de la reproduction : le clonage des animaux d’élevage." INRAE Productions Animales 21, no. 1 (March 20, 2008): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2008.21.1.3373.
Full textMunnich, Arnold. "« Programmé mais libre »." Figures de la psychanalyse 44, no. 2 (May 26, 2023): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/fp.044.0151.
Full textVyas, Sumant, G. N. Purohit, P. K. Pareek, and M. S. Sahani. "Imagerie ultrasonographique pour le suivi du stade précoce de gestation chez le dromadaire (Camelus dromedarius)." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 55, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9829.
Full textHaras Nationaux, INRA. "Dossier : Actualités en reproduction équine." INRAE Productions Animales 12, no. 5 (July 1, 1999): 331–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1999.12.5.3901.
Full textFortin, Gérald. "Le Québec : une ville à inventer." I. Le processus d'urbanisation 9, no. 1-2 (April 12, 2005): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/055388ar.
Full textAparicio-Valdez, Luis. "La gestion empresarial en latinoamérica y su impacto en las relaciones laborales." Articles 44, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 124–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/050476ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Développement non embryonnaire"
Tobias, Santos Vitória. "A Transcriptome-Level Comparison of Independently Evolved Non-Embryonic Development in Different Species of Styelidae (Tunicata)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS401.pdf.
Full textTunicates (Chordata) are the closest relative to vertebrates able to undergo whole-body regeneration (WBR) upon severe injury or as part of their asexual life cycle. In different tunicate species, WBR starts from various non-homologous epithelia or mesenchymal cells, which either home adult stem cells or undergo de/transdifferentiation. The cell dynamics and the molecular players behind WBR are still elusive. To better understand differences and commonalities between independently evolved WBRs, I focused on the family of Styelidae, in which I selected two tunicate laboratory-reared species that independently evolved the capacity of WBR: Botryllus schlosseri and Polyandrocarpa zorritensis. Taking advantage of our previous morphological characterization of P. zorritensis WBR, I adapted a live-staining technique that allowed me to obtain the transcriptomic profile of seven informative stages of WBR in this species. Differential gene expression analysis revealed clusters of genes associated with each stage, from WBR initiation to the onset of morphogenesis. I’m now comparing these results with published and in-house RNAseq datasets of WBR in other species of tunicate (B. schlosseri, B. leachii, and P. misakiensis) taking advantage of available transcriptomic data as well as high quality genome data recently obtained by our team. This started to lead to the identification of orthologous genes sharing a dynamic expression during convergently acquired WBR. Further exploration of the expression pattern of these genes across species will allow us to identify common and different mechanisms underlying the plastic evolution of WBR in chordates
Broutier, Laura. "Implication du contrôle apoptotique exercé par les couples nétrine-1 et ses récepteurs à dépendance (DCC et UNC5B) au cours du développement embryonnaire et de la tumorigenèse : la signalisation apoptotique des récepteurs à dépendance : interface entre physiologie et pathologie." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058216.
Full textScelzo, Marta. "Vasal budding : characterization of a new form of non-embryonic development in the colonial ascidian Polyandrocarpa zorritensis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS467.
Full textColonial tunicates can generate a new adult body by asexual reproduction and whole body regeneration, two forms of non-embryonic development (NED). Different modes of NED are defined depending on the nature of the organogenetic tissues. Interestingly, this capacity is scattered across the sub-phylum, with species able of NED (colonial) closely related to species where regenerative capabilities are absent or reduced (solitary). This suggests that NED has been acquired or lost several times among the group. In recent phylogeny of family Styelidae, the colonial species Polyandrocarpa zorritensis seems to have acquired independently the capability of NED. During my PhD, I characterized the NED in this species, identifying the stages of NED under laboratory conditions and the tissues/cells involved. By histological and ultrastructural analyses, I highlighted the participation to NED of vascular epithelium and mesenchymal cells. This type of NED was undescribed before, and we decided to call it “vasal budding”. During the early stages of vasal budding I observed undifferentiated mesenchymal cells cluster and proliferate at the regenerative point; their distribution varies during vasal budding, increasing in the developing areas. I described the mesenchymal cells, identifying in the proliferating cells an undifferentiated morphotype, the hemoblasts, known as putative stem cells in other colonial ascidian. In addition, I defined the presence of a dormant stage, the spherule, in the life cycle of P. zorritensis and I characterized the environmental variable and the molecular mechanisms involved in dormancy in this species and in a distantly related species, Clavelina lepadiformis
Sittewelle, Méghane. "Règulation du développement de la crête neurale embryonnaire et de la progression du mélanome adulte par une fonction non conventionnelle de PFKFB4 PFKFB4 control of AKT signaling is essential for premigratory and migratory neural crest formation AKT signaling displays multifaceted functions in neural crest development." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL007.
Full textControl of cell migration is highly conserved between embryo and metastasis formation from primary tumors. The neural crest (NC) is a multipotent cell population defined by its migratory properties, giving rise to multiple derivatives as bones and cartilages of the face or melanocytes which are pigmented cells of the skin. Cellular and molecular properties of NC make of it a very good physiological model helping to understand the development of metastasis. Monsoro-Burq team identified a new regulator of NC in vivo, known to regulates glycolysis, called PFKFB4. The team demonstrated that PFKFB4 is essential for NC induction, in a glycolysis independent manner, via PI3K/AKT signaling (Pegoraro et al., 2015). The aim of this thesis is to establish if this new link between PFKFB4 and AKT activation is important during NC migration and in an invasive cancer context, as well as defining what are the underlying molecular mechanisms. First, we have shown that PFKFB4 is playing a double role, both on glycolysis and PI3K/AKT signaling to control NC cell migration (Figueiredo et al., 2017). Secondly, we chose to study this regulation in human melanoma cell line, a model of neural crest derived cancer, where PFKFB4 is overexpressed. We have shown that PFKFB4 control cell migration independently of its role in glycolysis, as during NC development. In melanoma and in NC, we found that PFKFB4 act indirectly on AKT. We looked for a partner of PFKFB4 with mass spectrometry and identified ICMT, a regulator of RAS subcellular localization. Finaly, we explored the importance of this interaction in AKT activation and melanoma cell migration (Sittewelle et al., 2020). This thesis work allowed to explore the molecular detail by which PFKFB4, a cell metabolism regulator, also control the response of cells to signals from their environment and their migration, by a non-canonical mechanism. Our results allow us to describe a new fundamental link in the coordination of cell migration in the physiological context of embryonic cell migration and pathological context of metastasis
Prudhomme, Julie. "Étude de la reprogrammation du chromosome X dans les cellules souches embryonnaires et extra-embryonnaires au cours du développement préimplantatoire murin." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066486.
Full textIn female Mammals, the transcriptional silencing of one of the two X chromosomes during early embryogenesis compensates the dosage disequilibrium of X-linked genes between sexes. Random X chromosome inactivation occurs in the inner cell mass of the blastocyst and is maintained through adult life in the soma. In some Eutherian species including mice, extraembryonic tissues (trophectoderm and primitive endoderm) exhibit imprinted inactivation of the paternal X. The inactive state of the Xp can be extensively studied ex vivo in Trophoblast Stem (TS) cells derived from the trophectoderm. We were able to select from the general cell population, TS cells exhibiting partial reactivation of the Xp or showing a complete switch of imprinted X-inactivation pattern. This reveals an accrued epigenetic plasticity of imprinted X-inactivation in the trophectoderm as compared to random X-inactivation in the soma.Random X-chromosome inactivation is recapitulated during the differentiation of female Embryonic Stem (ES) cells – which serves as cellular model. This process is triggered by the cis-accumulation of Xist long non coding RNA molecules which create a nuclear repressive domain around the future inactive X chromosome. Before differentiation, the accumulation of Xist is repressed by another lncRNA, Tsix, that is transcribed antisense to Xist. In order to address the functional dynamics of Xist and Tsix RNAs, we inserted different types of tag sequences in the endogenous Xist/Tsix locus. Incorporated in the sense or antisense RNA, these tags are specifically recognized by fluorescent molecules, thereby allowing live cell imaging of these transcripts
Prudhomme, Julie. "Étude de la reprogrammation du chromosome X dans les cellules souches embryonnaires et extra-embryonnaires au cours du développement préimplantatoire murin." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066486.
Full textIn female Mammals, the transcriptional silencing of one of the two X chromosomes during early embryogenesis compensates the dosage disequilibrium of X-linked genes between sexes. Random X chromosome inactivation occurs in the inner cell mass of the blastocyst and is maintained through adult life in the soma. In some Eutherian species including mice, extraembryonic tissues (trophectoderm and primitive endoderm) exhibit imprinted inactivation of the paternal X. The inactive state of the Xp can be extensively studied ex vivo in Trophoblast Stem (TS) cells derived from the trophectoderm. We were able to select from the general cell population, TS cells exhibiting partial reactivation of the Xp or showing a complete switch of imprinted X-inactivation pattern. This reveals an accrued epigenetic plasticity of imprinted X-inactivation in the trophectoderm as compared to random X-inactivation in the soma.Random X-chromosome inactivation is recapitulated during the differentiation of female Embryonic Stem (ES) cells – which serves as cellular model. This process is triggered by the cis-accumulation of Xist long non coding RNA molecules which create a nuclear repressive domain around the future inactive X chromosome. Before differentiation, the accumulation of Xist is repressed by another lncRNA, Tsix, that is transcribed antisense to Xist. In order to address the functional dynamics of Xist and Tsix RNAs, we inserted different types of tag sequences in the endogenous Xist/Tsix locus. Incorporated in the sense or antisense RNA, these tags are specifically recognized by fluorescent molecules, thereby allowing live cell imaging of these transcripts
Nasser, Khalafallah Mahmoud Lamees. "A dictionary-based denoising method toward a robust segmentation of noisy and densely packed nuclei in 3D biological microscopy images." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS283.pdf.
Full textCells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms. All living organisms share life processes such as growth and development, movement, nutrition, excretion, reproduction, respiration and response to the environment. In cell biology research, understanding cells structure and function is essential for developing and testing new drugs. In addition, cell biology research provides a powerful tool to study embryo development. Furthermore, it helps the scientific research community to understand the effects of mutations and various diseases. Time-Lapse Fluorescence Microscopy (TLFM) is one of the most appreciated imaging techniques which can be used in live-cell imaging experiments to quantify various characteristics of cellular processes, i.e., cell survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. In TLFM imaging, not only spatial information is acquired, but also temporal information obtained by repeating imaging of a labeled sample at specific time points, as well as spectral information, that produces up to five-dimensional (X, Y, Z + Time + Channel) images. Typically, the generated datasets consist of several (hundreds or thousands) images, each containing hundreds to thousands of objects to be analyzed. To perform high-throughput quantification of cellular processes, nuclei segmentation and tracking should be performed in an automated manner. Nevertheless, nuclei segmentation and tracking are challenging tasks due to embedded noise, intensity inhomogeneity, shape variation as well as a weak boundary of nuclei. Although several nuclei segmentation approaches have been reported in the literature, dealing with embedded noise remains the most challenging part of any segmentation algorithm. We propose a novel 3D denoising algorithm, based on unsupervised dictionary learning and sparse representation, that can both enhance very faint and noisy nuclei, in addition, it simultaneously detects nuclei position accurately. Furthermore, our method is based on a limited number of parameters, with only one being critical, which is the approximate size of the objects of interest. The framework of the proposed method comprises image denoising, nuclei detection, and segmentation. In the denoising step, an initial dictionary is constructed by selecting random patches from the raw image then an iterative technique is implemented to update the dictionary and obtain the final one which is less noisy. Next, a detection map, based on the dictionary coefficients used to denoise the image, is used to detect marker points. Afterward, a thresholding-based approach is proposed to get the segmentation mask. Finally, a marker-controlled watershed approach is used to get the final nuclei segmentation result. We generate 3D synthetic images to study the effect of the few parameters of our method on cell nuclei detection and segmentation, and to understand the overall mechanism for selecting and tuning the significant parameters of the several datasets. These synthetic images have low contrast and low signal to noise ratio. Furthermore, they include touching spheres where these conditions simulate the same characteristics exist in the real datasets. The proposed framework shows that integrating our denoising method along with classical segmentation method works properly in the context of the most challenging cases. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, two datasets from the cell tracking challenge are extensively tested. Across all datasets, the proposed method achieved very promising results with 96.96% recall for the C.elegans dataset. Besides, in the Drosophila dataset, our method achieved very high recall (99.3%)
Puard, Vincent. "Marqueurs non-invasifs de la compétence ovocytaire au développement dans les cellules de cumulus chez l'humain." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR3310/document.
Full textThe ability to predict the developmental and implantation ability of embryos remains a major goal in human assisted reproductive technology (ART).ART should allow couple to become parents while limiting the risks to the mother and the child in case of multiple pregnancy. ART laboratories use morphological criteria to evaluate the oocyte competence despite the poor predictive value of this analysis. The oocyte-cumulus interaction helps the oocyte to acquire its developmental competence partly through the expression of specific genes at the cumulus level. Therefore our aim was to identify at the level of cumulus cells (CCs) genes and proteins related to oocyte developmental competence as non-invasive marker. Gene expression of CCs was studied using microarray and high throughput qPCR according to the developmental competence of the oocyte (ability to reach the blastocyst stage after fertilization). While taking into account the patient variability we identified RGS2, POLR3K and CUL4B as biomarkers at RNA level. Then protein expression of CCs was studied using Reverse Phase Protein Array. After validation of the antibodies targeting the proteins of interests, RGS2, POLR3K and MERTK were identified as protein biomarkers of the developmental competence of the oocyte. These results lead us to consider a multi variables predictive model including the morphology of the embryo at J2, genes and protein markers
Mokrani, Sofiane. "Maintenance de la stabilité chromosomique des cellules souches neurales murines au cours du développement et après un stress génotoxique aiguë ou chronique Impaired brain development and behavior of Xlf null mice linked to chromosome instability-induced premature neurogenesis Higher Chromosome Stability in Mouse Embryonic Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells than in Fibroblasts in Response to Acute or Chronic Genotoxic Stress." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IPPAX010.
Full textPrenatal exposure to ionizing radiation has been associated with many neurodevelopmental disorders due to the DNA damage induced in neural stem and progenitors cells (NSPC). Thus, genetic stability of NSPC is crucial for brain development and homeostasis. Nevertheless, genomic alterations occurring during development in NSPC may have a potential impact on the physiological neuronal diversity. XLF is a component of the NHEJ (Non-Homologous End-Joining) repair pathway. Here, we show that NSPC from Xlf-/- embryos exhibit increased chromosome instability, leading to premature neurogenesis and consequently neurobehavioral disorders. Using cytogenetic approaches, we compared the chromosome stability of mouse embryonic NSPC and fibroblasts (MEF) exposed to acute (γ-irradiation) or chronic (incorporation of tritiated thymidine into DNA) genotoxic stress. Our results demonstrate the higher capacity of NSPC as compared to MEF to maintain their genomic integrity. We evidenced that NSPC have more efficient DNA repair activity than MEF, allowing them to develop an adaptive response to chronic genotoxic stress. This adaptive response involves XLF and acts together with apoptosis and cell cycle checkpoints to preserve the stability of the genome and to eliminate damaged cells. Altogether, our results provide new insights into the robust DNA damage response in NSPC and highlight the importance of Xlf during brain development
Lefebvre, Fabio Alexis. "Approches de fractionnement biochimique couplé à la transcriptomique dans l’étude systématique de la localisation subcellulaire et extracellulaire des ARNs." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21186.
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