Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Développement économique – France – Régions'
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Morata, François. "L'action économique extérieure des régions." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX32028.
Full textFritsch, Bernard. "La contribution des infrastructures au développement économique des régions françaises." Paris 12, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA120056.
Full textThis thesis argues that infrastructure is a key factor of regional development, that public investment in infrastructure have a positive impact on regional economic growth because they enhance private factors productivity, and that they are economically profitable. In a first part, the stocks of public capital, public investments, and their sectorial and institutional evolutions, are analysed at national and regional levels. It appears that infrastructure account for about 45 % of productive capital, that its distribution is not equal among french regions and that these disparities have not been reduced during the eighties. In a second part the economic impact of infrastructure and the economic rate of return of public investments are estimated by means of production functions and quasi-production functions, using statistical data at french regional level (excluding Île de France and corsica regions). It appears that, according to the different models that are estimated the elasticity of output to public capital stock ranges from 0,09 to 0,13; and that the economic rate of return for infrastructure investment is at least as high than the one for private investment, i. E. 13 %. This impact can be explained by the contribution of infrastructure to private factor productivity. It doesn't seem that public investment has an impact on private investment and private capital mobility. The level of these effects varies with activities, types of equipments and across the regions. "economic" infrastructure have have higher rates of return, above 20 %. The elasticity of output to public capital stocks
Moureaux, Jordan. "Universités, spécialisation et développement économique régional." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOUL2002.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the contribution of French universities to local economic development. The first chapter will depict the current situation of French universities by looking at their efficiency and ranking them. Thereafter, we focus on the reasons why the majority of French universities appear to be relatively inefficient. The study of French universities, through a semi-parametric analysis for the year 2014, highlights differences in efficiency according to the size, typology and host territory of universities. We observe that small universities have more facilities than large universities in terms of optimizing the ratio between their resources and their teaching and research output. However, an efficient, small university will always generate less knowledge and a smaller stock of human capital than an inefficient, large university.The second chapter will present empirical work on the spillover effects of university knowledge on local entrepreneurship. In this chapter we seek, by looking at the work previously done, to understand how a university can, through its training and research activities, contribute to economic development. This relationship is often seen as automatic, and the incentive to pursue higher education is seen as a necessity at both the individual and public interest levels. The multi-stakeholder relationship that involves universities, companies and more globally the actors of the territory, is based on the use of knowledge. The third and fourth chapters are devoted to the study of these spillover effects of knowledge. The main objective of this thesis is to study the effect and scope of specialized knowledge spillovers, of university origin, on the creation of high and low knowledge-intensive firms. The constitution of an original database, for the year 2017 and for 34,075 French municipalities, was necessary. Using econometric models, our study highlights results that confirm the presence of specialized knowledge spillovers on the French territory and validate the hypothesis of geographical decrease of these spillovers. The type of knowledge as well as the distance are indeed significant elements in the study of spillovers, since we can observe distinctions according to the various combinations. The variables concerning knowledge externalities, which are approximated by students and graduates of the four major academic disciplines, are all positive and significant for municipalities located within 90 kilometers of the sources of knowledge production. Taking into account the specialization of universities and firms, minor differences can be observed in the scope and intensity of knowledge spillovers on the territory. The creation of firms based on the use of knowledge is thus favoured by their geographical proximity to the sources of knowledge production
Peyrefitte, Marilyne. "Développement régional et planification décentralisée : les contrats de plan état-région une démarche de développement intégré ?" Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR1D022.
Full textWhat use is planning when everything is uncertain ? aim for an ideal and understand what is real. These two indroductory sentences area global summary of the general analytical in which this research an the state - region plan contracts ( instituted in july 1982 ) is situated. Using different documents that had been drawn up andour own financial analysis carried out in 1985, this study has tried to characterise these contracts as carrying out the main principles of decentralised planning ( integration - autonomy ) and as vectors of a managerial concept of area development. In fact, this new practice could not be justified as independent from new logics brought about by a new economic and political situation. In order todo this, the main thread of this thesis is based on three conceptual points : driwing force - planning - development. These plan contracts cristallise a planning which is both pragmatic and inciting thereby formalizing amobilizing and participatory means of implementation which could nevertheless be perfected. Their original vocation was of teaching concerted action yet the real vocation was that of the driwing force behind "contractualis'action" because of a constraining financial logic. The future stake therefore seems to be one of realising a true strategy of co- development, presented at the end of our analysis as an anticipated vocation. This thesis asks questions about the relevance of a plan as well as about the coherence or malfunction between the theory and the practice. It questions the balance or the imbalance between an approach toa planned project and an im- plement for effective programming
Nabil, Hassan. "Le développement régional comme fonction principale de la région." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIMD005.
Full textThis thesis is intended to study the contribution of the region to regional development. Based on the financial and legal analysis, referring to historical, comparative and perspective approaches, the thesis examines the development as a major function of administrative territorial structures. The nature of this function can be summarized in the regional primacy in economic development, dedicated by the legislature through the recognition of the role of regional coordination and leadership. In the meantime, these configurations are hampered by a financial context which makes the region's function of a particularly complex nature
Iranzo, Tacoronte Mauricio. "Décentralisation, aménagement et développement régional : la région du midi-pyrénées en France et la région centre-occidentale au Vénézuela." Paris 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030013.
Full textThis is a descriptive and analytic study of decentralization and town planning led by france and venezuela in two specific regions : "midi-pyrenees and centro-occidental". This research is not a simple comparaison between two regions, but it insist on socio-economic realities of both countries which in spite of their differences, have many similarities in their dominant economic systems. Confraiting this inequalities of their population settlements and their activities, these two countries decided in favor of state intervention in all matters of decentralization and town plannings since regional and local powers have many difficulties to lead their policies
Gonnard, Sophie. "L'inversion des flux migratoires interrégionaux : de nouveaux rapports entre migrations internes et développement territorial ?" Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002451720204611&vid=upec.
Full textThis thesis proposes a rereading of the relation between internal migrations and territorial development. Present geography of workers migrations invites to revise the meaning of what is a developed area from an individual point of view. Production indicators cannot explain this geography any more. If characteristics of income and employment seem to be necessary to understand these migrations, they are not sufficient. The analysis of migrants earnings shows that regions which benefit of a net inmigration are those where earnings evolution are the less favourable. Others factors like spatial differences in purchasing power or residential amenities seem to be dominant factors. The analysis of migrations geography, particularly those of retired people and students, allow to underline that those moving are not without any consequence on territorial development
Nguiffo-Boyom, Muriel. "Modèles à changements de régimes markoviens : Genèse, développement récents et utilisation pour l'analyse conjoncturelle." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020041.
Full textDoucet, Carole. "Activités viticoles et développement régional." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40012.
Full textStambouli, Jacques. "Système économique de transport et développement soutenable en région Île-de-France." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010009.
Full textJean-Pierre, Philippe. "Diversité des dynamiques de convergence réelle des régions européennes : bilan empirique et éclairage théorique." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010011.
Full textThe road towards the european monetary union is not without setting the problem of the regional convergence process. This concern is all the more important that the empirical and theoretical contribution on european regions give ambigous results. The aim of this work is also double. Its first objective is to deep the empirical analysis of the catching up process of the european regions. Its second objective is to propose a theoretical framework which can improve the understanding of the previous results. These last show the diversity of the convergence processes which characterize the european regions and highlight the difficulties for lagging regions to catch-up with the middle gdp per capita of the European regions (part I). This result is confirmed by the analysis of the dynamic of growth of a region La Réunion, which is submitted to a special developing policy for more than forty years. This case study suggests also that the impact of public transfers, sent to La Réunion, on its growth is not as positive as we can believe (partie II). This concerns is supported by a theoretical analysis of the impact of transfers on the dynamic of growth of economies. Indeed, the construction of model of growth for european regions allows to show that similar regions, in terms of preference and technological parameters, can be characterized by different catching-up processes and that public tranfers produce indirect effects that can offset their initial positive effects on the growth and the catching-up process of the developing regions (partie III)
Maineri, Emmanuel. "Processus de développement d'un espace transfrontalier de proximité : Le cas franco-italo-monégasque." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0020.
Full textWe have got onto the spatial disparities while studying the processes of development of the proximity cross-border spaces. While grounding on the concepts of space, territory and, as a result, of limit (or border), we elaborated two parts therefore. A theoretical part, handling of the place of internal borders (in this case those of the European Union). We have then theorized this problem which is very rarely developed in economy. We have then used spatial economy, regional economy (especially its territorial aspect), and geographical economy. In an empiric part, we studied several European cross-border spaces. Finally, we treated the French-Italian-Monacan space thanks to different mathematical methods : one method in terms of spatial dissimilarity, and a multicriteria aid decision method (ELECTRE II). From there, a map has been produced and various suggestions of political action have been put forward
Schmitt, Bertrand. "Les déterminants économiques des transformations de l'espace rural : une approche centrée sur la dynamique des systèmes de production agricoles : le cas de deux petites régions du plateau Lorrain." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10019.
Full textGouin, Nathan. "La construction du piège régional : l'exemple des régions périmétropolitaines du Bassin parisien face à l'enjeu du développement." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR053.
Full textThis thesis examines the apparent contradiction between, from one side, the major change caused by the regionalisation process involving the affirmation of the French regions as a level of economic development and, from the other side, the inertia of the regional borders until 2015. The regional delimitations have been maintained for sixty years, despite the absence in some regions of metropolitan areas, considered by scientific literature as an indispensable element of development because of the location of the decision-making centres. The objective is therefore to deconstruct the decision-making "black box" by identifying the various factors that constrain actors' decisions and that have led to this paradox, which is a handicap for regions without metropolitan areas. For this goal, a multifactorial analysis based on neo-institutionalist theories was used to study the influence of interests, ideas and institutions on actors' decisions. The thesis also proposes to understand the role played by space on decisions through the formulation of the concept of "territorial dependency". This approach is mobilized to analyze the process that led to the existence of regions without metropolitan areas in the Paris Basin, chosen because it exacerbates the existing tension between the area of influence of the Paris and the division of the institutional borders. The analysis of several sequences of public action (schéma directeur de 1965, Lower Seine plan, regional reform laws, State-Region plan contract, FEDER programmes) using a methodology adapted to the sources and hypotheses allowed the identification of several mechanisms (incremental, interests, territorial, ideological) at the origin of the lock-ins to economic development in the Paris Basin
Risser, Didier. "La prime régionale à l'emploi et le développement économique : bilan et perspectives." Metz, 1989. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPVM_T_1989_Risser_Didier_DMZ892_1.pdf.
Full textIn its theoretical form, the regional employment premium is a doubly ambiguous subsidy : on the one hand, because of its equipment grant nature based on an operating item, on the other hand, because of the coexistence of items making it both an employment subsidy and a regional policy subsidy. The regional employment premium is also a subsidy of which the means of enforcing are hardly controlled by both the national level and the community level. A questionnaire was sent to the regions in 1985 and it shows the practice diversity of this premium. However, in the greater part of regions and because of the national political changes, the use of this subsidy is stopped since 1986. Nevertheless, in spite of these high dispute surroundings, this subsidy is maintained and even strengthened in the legal incentives package, because of the reduction of the set of state grants and also probably because of the premium microeconomic utility
Aguilar, Dominique. "La France et le Fonds européen de développement régional : feder." Toulouse 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU10017.
Full textFrance's attitude towards the European regional development fund (E. R. D. F) has been characterized by acomplete change: after having refused for a long time to let the European community form its own policy for regional development, it agreed to this principle by accepting that the fund operates autonomously with respect to regional national policies. The radical change in the French conception of regional policy, embodied in the French system of decentralization, has been a main factor in this evolution
Dehez, Guy. "La Guadeloupe, la France et les spécificités : de la politique d'aide au développement économique au système d'économie de rente institutionnelle." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40016.
Full textThe choice to become a departement for the colony of guadeloupe, in 1946, imposed to france to level the development gap. The capacity of adaptation given by the constitution build a particular legislation end regulation, based on resource's increase and charge's reduction, specially in taxation, as well as protection of internal and export market, so long as the european community permits it. In spite of a relative success, particularly in terms of public basic equipment, by comparison with the others caribean islands, the object of levelling the development gap is not attained. The level of life, which is very unequal, is conditionned by massive public transfers. The firms' performances are artificially sustained by diverses aids and market protections. The economical autonomy of guadeloupe is regularly worsening. For some, the reason for that can be imputed to the physical characteristics of the insular and tropical economy. For others, is due to economic domination phenomenon. These theories dont hold in front of the facts. We prefer an explanation in terms of institutional rent economy system. Rent arises from the capacity to adapt to the legislation. These adaptations are then named specificities. Rent-seeking induces detrimental comportments to the global competitivity of the economy. The lack of productivity interest leeds on to all kind of abuses, even fraudulent. The price to paid is a permanent social inequality, delinquency and dissatisfaction of the highest educated class. The actual choice to emphasize the system by more specificities inexorably leeds to a deadlock, since the lack of attractive economic activities, tourism included. Independancy could be a solution, but it doesn't meet a full approval, and it doesn't allow to palliate the handicaps of the size and the characteristics of economy
Jourda, Marie-Thérèse. "Ressources humaines et territoire : méthode d'aide au développement local." Avignon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AVIG1005.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to demonstrate how the knowledge of human resources potential in the aim of this thesis is to demonstrate how the knowledge of human resources potential in directly applicable by the decision makers to fight the unemployment at a local level. This method is a new and original way to assess the local competencies available or not, i. E. Unemployed and workers, in a geographic area which as to be afined, corresponding very often as an "employment area". This precise technique of analysis is integrating the professional transferability notion to the competence notion. It allows to improve the thoughts on local employment, mobility, retraining of labour force and the development of present or new economic activities. It is at the same time an input of information, a viewing for communication, and an aid for analysis. The first chapter is dealing with the method adjustment. In the second chapter, a synthesis of the local human competencies is elaborated on three "employment areas" in order to test the probability of the results. The last chapter is describing, at the territory level the utility and the different possible uses of the developed method. It suggests a work process to the actors concerned of the local development. This applied research allows the geographic research on local development to become operational by taking into account the study of the human resources
Bondi, Gildas. "Interactions public-privé dans les réseaux de politique publique : le schéma régional de développement économique (SRDE) en Picardie." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0054.
Full textWe are interested in public / private interactions in the context of territorial governance. Often represented as a consensus-fiding process and as "apolitical", territorial governance is essentially based on the triptych decentralization / power cross / multi-stakeholder and interdependence of the actors. This paradigm involves a process of participation / interaction / negotiation between heterogeneous stakeholders in order to achieve relatively coherent collective action. Therefore, a key issue of the definition and implementation of territorial policies is to represent the institutional and organizational framework within which are organized the relationship between public / private partners (public authorities, companies, universities, associations, unions,). The combination of these heterogeneous actors may give rise to divergences and conflicts of interest when establishing relations during the development of a common project. These relationships can generate political capital as a specifie form of social capital. This research proposes to study the interconnections that emerge in the context of public policy networks, during the development and deployment of an economic policy oriented at regional development. We have established a database of two hundred eighteen (218) players who have participated in Picardy's economic development regional pattern (SRDE). Drawing on these data and on our structural approach, we highlight the interconnections between actors according to their characteristics. These interconnections are an expression of political capital whose amount affects the ability of players to promote their interests, individual and collective
Duval, Jérôme. "Les interventions en faveur du développement local : bassins d'emploi, pays et quartiers en Picardie." Amiens, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AMIE0004.
Full textThe notion of local development which is based on the belief in the potential self-sufficient economic development, initited and accompagied by an appropriate administrative action, corresponds to the political desire of change expressed in 1981 through the search for a new pattern of development. The administrative action must aim at large enough socio-economic areas. Using the micro-regional divisions appeared over the seventies, it will accelerate their sedimentation and thus assure the construction of new territories. Local development comes thus under the control administrative strategies whose interests overpower the elaboration of policies. Moreover, the regional council, by encouraging, while the state, the creation of micro-regional organisations (micro-regional and district boards) helps transform the local system, thus creating a new balance of power within the administration
Madeline, Philippe. "Aides communautaires et développement rural régional en Basse-Normandie, Galice, Irlande." Caen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CAEN1214.
Full textSince the 1987 signing of the european single act, a larger economic and social cohesion between the territorial components of the european union is imperative. In this purpose, a new community regional policy meant to the wart the current trends towards concentration of activities and wealth use a unprecedented financial effort and a new action method. For a better effectivness, the funds are allocated to areas racked by the worst social and economic difficulties. Lagging rural areas like galicia and ireland enjoy thus a large support while remote rural areas in developed countries, like the bas-normande area, obtain a more restricted support. Spatial policies adopted are characterised by a sectoral taking into account of rural space problems. Created in partnership with european commission, state and regional decentralised authorities when they existed, development strategies take on economics delay creating the condition of a sustained development. They rely on the development of endogenous potentialities in giving importance to human, activities and spaces adaptation for the economic competition. In spit of the importance of the grants raised during the 1989-1993 period, the inter-regional development differencies, fruit of the members states history, spatial configurations and european integration, remain at heavy levels. Then, with a more and more autonomous community regional policy in which regions have an increasing part, we are witenessing a territory politic complexification
Mahmoud, Abdellatif. "Les petites et moyennes entreprises et le développement économique local : cas de la région stéphanoise." Saint-Etienne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STETT022.
Full textAt a time when all is about local development, we have been interested in the supports on which territories are based so as to valorise their potentials. It appears to me that, in the context of technological change, of the transnationalization of the production and questionning of the former means of production. The local development about call to be imagination of their originators and the abilities of the later to adapt. Thus, the development would result in synergies generated by the various formal and informal relationships between the localized originators (i. E. Firms, political and economic institutions. . . ) To derive maximum benefite from their internal potentials and create the necessary articulations with external contribution. From this standpoint, the innovative, dynamic territorial small and medium sized firms have an important part to play next to major companies. The empirical verification of this idea starting from the "stephanois" context, then shows us that the absence of these articulations mostly due to the difficulties still faced by the territory and the lack of dynamism of some firms, make the prospect of this development more hypothetic. Yet, the know-how built-up along the centuries revels in the territory the considerable potentials which only need to be set into value
Oth, Valère. "De la conversion au développement ? : le bassin industriel Le Creusot-Montceau-les-Mines." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010588.
Full textThe object of this study, based on economic, industrial and regional geography, is to analyse :. The economic, social and geographical implications of the conversion of the industrial basin of le creusot- montceau -les-mines, and. The mainspring of this transformation in its transition from an "old industrial basin" to a modern one subject to the repeat shocks of interlocked sectoral crises. The subjacent object is the dysfunction, due to the loss of its bearings, of an industrial basin, its historical formation and the orientation of its evolution in the context of crises and general conversions. However, far lore than merely analysing the ruptures between a territory and its principal industries, this study explains the new relationship established from the second half of the 1970's between industrial redeployment, economic and social development and geographical organisation. The intention of this work is to contribute to the general effort of reflection undertaken since the past few years on the problems raised by the industrial crisis, conversion policies and the new data on regional and local development. Its approach is based on two points :. A two-sided examination of the conditions and modalities of the passage from the state of conversion to that of development based on a specific socio-economic locality in crisis (the le creusot-montceau-les-mines industrial bain) and an institutional mechanism (pole of conversion). . The analysis and understanding of the factors contribution to the definition and implementation of new development donditions which facilitate the passage, successively, from the state of crisis and conversion to that of global "development"
Saback, Velloso Ignez. "Enseignement agricole et développement : une étude évaluative comparée entre l'Etat de Bahia (Brésil) et la région de Bourgogne (France)." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080907.
Full textTHIS PIECE OF research RESTS ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT EDUCATION IS POWERFUL FACTOR OF DEVELOPMENT. THE METHOD FOLLWED HAS BEEN THAT OF COMPARATIVE EDUCATION STUDIES. THROUGHT IT, IT HAS BEEN POSSIBLE TO ANALYSE THE FEATURES OF EACH OF THE TWO EDUCATION SYSTEMS, THEIR DIFFERENCES AND LIKENESSES, THE AIM HAVING BEEN TO EXTRACT SUCH FITTING PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES AS MAY BE APPLIED TO AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION IN GENERAL AND MORE SPECIFICALLY TO AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION IN THE BAHIA STATE. THE APPRAISAL HAS BEEN MADE THROUGH AN EXAMINATION OF THE VARIOUS STAGES OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS : PLANING, ORGANIZING, IMPLEMENTING, MONITORING AND ASSESSING. ON THIS BASIS, THE CONCLUSION HAS BEEN REACHED THAT BOTH EDUCATION SYSTEMS ARE GEARED TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ONLY, AND SO CALL FOR A NEW DEFINITION OF THEIR OBJECTIVES SO AS TO PROMOTE DEVELOPMENT IN THE WIDER SENCE, THAT IS INCLUDING SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS
Rochet, Morgan. "Représentation territoriale des produits alimentaires : le rôle de l'acteur régional (Rhône-alpes)." Lyon 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO31011.
Full textFood is more and more often included in strategies of territorial development. The examination of this « patrimonisation tool » in the region of Rhone-Alpes is the occasion of pointing out the role of the regional protagonists in the development and the promotion of the foodstuffs and the expertises. At a time when many regions append their marks on their products considered as emblematic of a territory, a land, or a region, Rhone-Alpes can choose whether it adopts this type of action relying on the existence of a strong territorial picture. Does Rhone-Alpes have such a picture? To answer this question, the Foodstuffs from Rhone-Alpes' Promotion Committee, « R3AP », decided in 2003 to conduct a large survey among the inhabitants of Rhone-Alpes to know what kind of picture the consumers could have of their region and how far they knew the food patrimony they lived in. In this context of examination, the practice of a cultural geography, based on the analysis of the consumers' territorial representations, enables to consider the perception mechanisms and it also gives the opportunity to create concepts and methods leading to patterns of construction and organization of the regional area or to food practices determined by criteria of influence on consumption. These researches are also the starting point of concrete actions built on the issue of the consumers' consciousness-raising and education concerning the regional patrimony, thus expressing the transition from a cultural geography to an applied geography
Taulelle, François. "Les territoires en difficulté face aux politiques régionales d'aménagement." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20061.
Full textThe first objective of this study, based on a multiplicity of industrial and rural cases studies, is to catch on the notion of "territory in difficulty". This designation is the starting point of the regional planning policies which use this zones as a means to ban, encourage or grant territorial funds. In France, public institutional power is amplified by the regional European policy which grant eligibility for structural funds to territories. The follow up of this public policy, from the initial negotiations up to the local level, reveals the actors roles facing European funds. This study is in the framework of Midi-Pyrenees region with highlighted examples from Asturias and Tuscany
Dantec, Elena. "Innovation et développement territorial : quelles stratégies régionales ? : approche comparée Bretagne et Sør-Trøndelag (Norvège)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20011.
Full textThis doctoral study questions the link between innovation and territorialdevelopment, from its attributes’ point of view, in the context of two regions of Europe designated as peripheral and maritime. Based on a predominantly qualitative approach, it makes it possible to place the regional level public actions with in a multilevel innovation support. It studies this level’s relationships with the other representatives of the triple helix of innovation (private and research sectors). A new modeling of their interactions is proposed. Multidisciplinary, based on an exhaustive work on definitions, this study is part of the innovative milieus’ approach, and also mobilizes the analysis frameworks of embeddedness and neo-institutionalism to show the significance off the context regarding public action related to innovative activities. We advocate, among other recommendations, the Region to position itself as mid-field player in the game of innovation. This allows it to transform the constraints related to peripherality and maritimity into assets and thus to be recognized as fully innovative. Its broad vision off the game also offers the opportunity not to fail into the public action’s mainstream intended to support innovative players only, by better addressing all the components off the regional society. It is thus better able to support innovation, for its territory’s benefit
Taiclet, Anne-France. "Le crépuscule des lieux ? : Une gestion politique du déclin économique territorial : Reconversion et développement dans les bassins industriels en crise." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010335.
Full textCabanel, Cédric. "Le système régional d'innovation de la région PACA : vulnérabilité et résilience territoriale dans un contexte ante et post crise économique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0036.
Full textDuring the 2007-2012 period, the world went through a period of multiple crises with devastating social and economic effects. This context has reinforced the role of innovation as a vector for recovery, which should restore the economic climate and meet new social and environmental challenges. However, these activities have themselves known heterogeneous impacts and trajectories, pushing them to certain mutations which depend in particular on the specificities of their territories of establishment.Thus, this thesis questions the evolution of innovation in the PACA region through the concept of system and in times of crisis. It is a question of observing the role of public authorities on the innovation process, especially in the face of a moment of crisis that can trigger multiple processes of vulnerability and territorial resilience.The example of high-tech sectors, metropolitan areas and new places of innovation, testify to the complexity of the crisis process. They illustrate the difficulty for public authorities to intervene globally and judiciously
Smith, Andy. "L'Intégration communautaire face au territoire : les fonds structurels et les zones rurales en France, en Espagne et au Royaume Uni." Grenoble 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE21010.
Full textThis thesis studies an aspect of eurpean integration : the intensification of european union interventions in favour of the development of rural areas that are considered defavorized. Using data from interviews in three countries (france, spain, united kingdom), the thesis is founded upon the hypothesis that the actions of the european union do not simply involve transfers of money. They also imply exchanges of ideas and of political resources. In each territory eu actions have a variable political impact due to their form, the signification accorded to development and the relationship between local and national actors and those of the european commission. Indeed, the centrality of the latte r constitutes one of the keys for interpreting european integration. Through adopting an approach informed by policy network analysis, the analysis brings the author to characterise europea n integration as a dynamic which stimulates the political development of different levels of territory. As such it is as much a producer of divergence as it is of convergence in trends of public action in europe
Joniec, Estelle. "Les modes de financement des politiques d'aménagement du territoire." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010254.
Full textMolnar, Jean-Marc. "Infrastructures de réseaux haut débit et mobile de nouvelle génération, développement économique local, inégalités territoriales." Paris, CNAM, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CNAM0462.
Full textThe development of broadband and mobile telephone is studied for the last two decades of the XXth century in the French metropolitan area. Three infrastructures levels are used as observatory levels to discern structuring effects of telecommunication networks on territorial activities : physical level, consumption level and legal administrative level. The analysis shows that, if a division between well and poor-industrialized French regions has traditionally been perceived in the three decades following World War II, such a regional partition can also be distinguished for high performance and mobile networks after 1980. A spatial analysis and a set of economic and sectoral indicators reveal several oppositions, particularly a north-south territorial division
Bobe, Steven. "Le modèle de développement économique local des parcs naturels régionaux : l'exemple des parcs naturels régionaux d'Armorique et des marais du Cotentin et du Bessin." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20041.
Full textThe transformation of the countryside calls for new models in local development which we enhance by using the expression Parc naturel régional. After exploring the characteristics we will suggest they be defined as " amenital districts ". One surveys were taken out in the PNR of Armorique and Marais du Cotentin et du Bessin. We recorded the dynamics and the shape and aspects which were specific to the PNR's model of development. Although the number of firms involved in this type of development is minimal, their cognitive impact is substantial. Our geographical analysis has also allowed us to identify a spatial model which is specific to PNR, relying on the difference between " fundamental area "," secondary area ". Thus we can speak about reasoned cohabitation rather than conciliation between economic activities and the protection of nature. Thanks to this model, we will explain the major stakes which having a view on the countryside entail, we will suggest the visual access concept
Martin, Jean-Christophe. "Impacts économiques d'une politique de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre pour la région Aquitaine." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40028.
Full textRegional council of Aquitaine, thanks to increasing area of competence because of different laws of decentralization, can contribute to national effort of reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). In order to make it, It has implemented in 2005 a climate plan to avoid 2 883 ktCO2eq for 2007-2013. However, considering of poor regional accounting, it is confronted with a lack of study to implement efficiently its climate plan. The aim of this thesis is precisely to make some studies in order to guide regional council in this field. Input-output analysis was used because of its ability to integrate the complexity of interindustrial trade with a detailed sectored study. The aim of the first part of the thesis is to outline the method of constructing a regional accounting, namely a making of input-output table with a GHG emissions inventory associated. The second part of this thesis shows different applications of input-output analysis in order to answer to regional issues on GHG emissions. The first interest of input-output analysis is to calculate both direct and indirect contribution of sectors emissions. By applying optimization methods, economic restructuring could be estimated in order to reconcile both GHG emissions reduction and economic growth objectives. The use of structural decomposition analysis has advantage to pick out main forces explaining evolution of GHG emissions and, so, to use these results to make forecasting of regional GHG emissions until 2013. Moreover, it was possible to determine a budget of opportunity cost from construction of road and rail infrastructures leading to finance projects to offset theirs emissions by using optimisation methods
Callens, Bruno. "Techniques, technopoles et aménagement du territoire : contribution à l'étude des conséquences du déterminisme technique sur le droit de l'aménagement du territoire." Lille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL20012.
Full textWhat can we learn from approaching the technical aspect of the future development of regional planning legislation in an economic context encouraging "technique explosion"? This is the central question presented in this thesis. The problematic adopted highlight the need to re-examined the notion of regional planning legislation, and beyond that, to bring about new representation. In the first part, an attempt is made to analyze the impact of "stricto sensu" techniques on spatial structuring by first putting it into a historic perspective so as to envisage the impact of the current technical revolution. At the same time, we tried to evaluate room for action on the part of public actors who must either adopt or go against the effects of current fluctuations brought about by the appearance of innovation. It appears historically that public authorities have never been indifferent to the spatial consequences linked to the appearance of techniques. Today, faced with technical systems that are rapidly becoming more complex and autonomous, thus increasing the unpredictability of their spatial effects, the opportunity for a legal hold on this innovative dynamic force is suggested. The second part is devoted to analyzing the science park phenomenon, comprehending its specificity and defining its role in spatial structuring before establishing the way in which public actors could control it within the scope of political regional planning. We stressed the fact that the effectiveness of science parks as tools in regional planning depended on the need to not limit them solely to their spatial dimensions. On the contrary, emphasis should be placed on mobilizing specific legal techniques likely to stimulate and maintain processes with synergy
Le, Délézir Ronan. "Les "pays" en Bretagne : sur la pertinence d'une nouvelle organisation territoriale." Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20004.
Full textThe notion of "pays" (close to the English "county") has known over a very short period an intense intellectual and legislative reinvestment, which has reactivated an old concept of geography. This doctoral thesis is in line with this movement, to which it participates and we hope to have partially clarified it. This reflexion evaluates the pertinence of the "pays" as a tool to simplify the national territorial organisation, based on a detailed study of Brittany. That for, it was important to try to understand how such an old concept, more or less familiar to the political and economical actors depending on the regions, could have been not only ratified on a national level, but also inscribed in a law act that gave it by this way a reference, even an example value, that's why we've chosen, from the start, to set back the law in its national and even European context, since the report of the obsolescence of our territorial organisation and of the stacking up of the management levels, that have become too numerous, is widely at the origin of the idea of "pays" in the 1995's law (loadt). But first this idea, only in the law, had to be clarified. The short definition given by the legislator added in fact to the wide scale of meanings that the word had been given through the years. This contextualisation of the law naturally had to be completed with the study of its appliance, through the deep analysis of the "pays-tests" ("test-counties"). The relaunding of the concept of "pays" in Brittany fits in with this national framework. However we know it is there both older and more within the reach of the local actors than in most of the other French regions. Therefore, our work had to evaluate the perception of the loadt by the regional officials, but also to remind that the revival of the idea of "pays" was much more precocious. This crossing of a descending national dynamic and an ascending, older movement, has led us to examine how this double reactivation took place in the Britain territory
Pacetti, Valentina. "Il fascino dei territori : beni collettivi e agenzie per lo sviluppo locale nella competizione tra regioni europee." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0009.
Full textNadou, Fabien. "Intermédiation territoriale et spatialisation des activités économiques : cohérences et contradictions de l'action publique locale : investigation par la planification stratégique." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR1803/document.
Full textThis thesis is therefore based on the emphasis of the concept of territorial intermediation we consider a relational and organizational dynamics between local actors, variable in time and space The territory, the result of interactions and social constructs, playing here as a true indication of their behaviors, practices and processes that drive them. Reflecting our focus on spatial registration economic activities, as well as the relationship between territorial actors that lead to its formation and management. The strategic spatial planning as a vision in the medium - long term spatial organization of activities, also constitutes the privileged object of this work as input to query the connection between the door management practices and policies of economic development at the local level. The challenge is to observe and analyze the consistency, required the PSS, as an increased need for sustainability. To what extent the strategic spatial planning, orchestrated by the local public action, it enrolled in a territorial intermediation process, or more generally, for sustainable territorial development ?
Poulain, Jean Luc. "Penser l’entreprise et ses dirigeants : l’Entreprise familiale de Taille Intermédiaire (E.T.I.) : outil de pérennisation de l’emploi, et facteur de développement territorial (économique, social et culturel) : étude anthropo-sociologique des identités professionnelles et territoriales en Bretagne." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20068.
Full textOur research is devoted mainly to family-owned medium-sized enterprises (MSEs) in Brittany. Working from the perspective of the sociology of professions, we met several heads of companies with between 250 and 5,000 employees. In doing so, we observed how this so-called “enterprise” concept, similar to that of “Mittelstands” in Germany, offers a better understanding of the key factors of success, based notably on human capital, innovation, and international growth beingabsolute priorities, with the business also retaining strong local roots. We interviewed company heads in the historical territory of Brittany, taken as a “social laboratory”, to acquire a better grasp of the sociological profile of family business leaders working in the following sectors: the food industry; food services; health; real estate; textiles; footwear; and transport. Taking as a starting-point various social, economic, and sociological issues affecting the world of work and employment, we also sought to shed light on global competition, in particular in the field of labour: this thesis aims to provide insights into a certain number of transformations, bearing in mind the assertion by a great many occupational sociologists that “unemployment is the root cause of social exclusion”
Vignau, Mathilde. "Vers une géographie de la créativité : impacts des lieux, des activités et des événements créatifs et culturels sur le développement de la région Sud - Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0339.
Full textThis geographical thesis aims to define and quantify territorial creativity in the south-eastern part of France through a multi-scales approach and by mobilizing several methods. Since the beginning of the 2000’s, the word creativity has been more and more used by local decision-makers and urban planners. But if this notion is particularly important within speeches or territorial strategies, it remains a confusing word. Therefore, our analysis first focuses on a theoretical and critical study which allows to seize the large diversity of both the stakes and limits within such a subject. At the same time, it is undoubtably necessary to complete this epistemological frame with an empirical approach based on the study of three different fields which are : the SUD – Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur region, the metropolitan area called Aix-Marseille Provence and finally, the sixteen districts of Marseille. Thank to this second part, the thesis underlines the huge diversity of creative forms (i.e. creative industries, cultural and creative amenities, big events, street-art…) and the territorial impacts that are linked to them. Finally, through several examples and by using numerous methods (i.e. statistic data, questionnaires, interviews, press analysis, maps…), this geographical thesis aims to assess the strengths and the weaknesses of territorial creativity in the south-east of France
Stachowski, Karine. "Entreprise-territoire : géographie de l'innovation technologique dans la région Nord-Pas-De-Calais." Lille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL10160.
Full textSoukouna, Sadio. "Les bâtisseurs locaux du lien entre migration et développement : la coopération décentralisée d’Île-de-France au prisme des alliances stratégiques entre migrants maliens et pouvoirs locaux dans la région de Kayes au Mali." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D086.
Full textThe study of cooperation between local governments and migrants is realized in this research through its focus on strategic alliances networks in France and Mali. These networks are involved in the institutionalization process of migration and development in international activities of local governments in the region of Kayes (Mali). The commitment of these actors highlights the multiplicity of legitimization strategies, the marginalization of minority communities and the divergent interests. This research shows that despite their heterogeneity these issues contribute paradoxically to unify the actors of local migration and development configuration. The case study of decentralized cooperation between the region of Kayes, the region of Île-de-France and the migrants originated from Kayes is mobilized to reveal the strategic importance of the alliance created between migrants, local authorities and NGOs. It allows to identify the tensions, conflicts and interdependent relationship at the heart of changes and reconfigurations of franco-malian decentralized cooperation for the past three decades. The specificity of this cooperation is ultimately highlighted by comparative case study of French and Canadian modes of engagement in local development in Mali. This demonstration put special emphasis on the critical discourses of the Malian authorities as partners of international cooperation
Czychon, Christoph. "Regional and Global Multinationals : an Examination of Theory and Empirical Evidence from European MNEs." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3038.
Full textMultinational enterprises (MNEs) act as the key drivers of world trade and investment activities due to their ability to facilitate (economic) interdependencies across national and regional markets. The international business and management research community has thereby shown a substantial effort to develop theoretical frameworks that explain the reasoning for and assess the status and progress of MNE internationality/regionality. In doing so, previous research, as original as by Rugman and Verbeke (2004a) and as recent as by Rosa et al. (2020), renders the concept of firm-level globalization, in terms of a balanced geographic distribution of sales across the triad, as meaningless and a special but not the general case.For the generation of a holistic view, the present work examines the existing literature from this specific research field and considers longitudinal data from European MNEs for an empirical assessment. The body of literature defining and conceptualizing the different kinds of (international) firms is thus reviewed and analyzed while accessing more than 100 excerpts from peer-reviewed and monographic works. In addition, it is assessed how MNE regionality and globality are operationalized and measured. Likewise, a detailed review and analysis of the research that considers MNE classification systems and contributes to the regional and global debate is provided. Based on 253 data samples, it is thereby shown that 85.0% or 28,575 of the 33,632 firms are classified as home region-oriented MNEs. In consequence, prior research indicates that these MNEs are – despite their interdependencies – dominantly (home-) regional.In extension, the present work contributes to the existing debate on regional and global MNEs based on the analysis of longitudinal data from European MNEs. Using sales and employee data, MNEs listed in CAC40 and DAX30 are substantially increasing in interregional orientation throughout the 2005-2015 period. In consequence and with home-region orientation fading, the stake of home region-oriented MNEs decreases by 32.8% from 81.3% in 2005 to 48.4% in 2015. The additional data review suggests that growth into interregional orientation is incremental while selected cases exemplify that the development is not only gradual but also complemented by big steps, such as connected with foreign M&A activities. While these insights are in contrast with the original narrative, the present work provides a comprehensive and updated perspective on regional and global MNEs
Multinationale Unternehmungen (MNU) sind die Haupttreiber der Welthandels- und Investi-tionstätigkeit, da sie (wirtschaftliche) Abhängigkeiten zwischen nationalen und regionalen Märkten fördern. Die internationale Forschungsgemeinschaft für Wirtschaft und Management hat daher erhebliche Anstrengungen unternommen, um einen theoretischen Bezugsrahmen zu entwickeln, der die Gründe für sowie den Status und die Entwicklung der Internationalität/ Regionalität von MNU erläutert und bewertet. Frühere Forschungsarbeiten, bspw. von Rugman and Verbeke (2004) und Rosa et al. (2020), ordnen dem Konzept der Globalisierung auf Unternehmensebene, d.h. eine geografische Verteilung von Umsätzen innerhalb der Triade, eine bedeutungslose Rolle zu, die einen besonderen und nicht den Regelfall wiederspiegelt.Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Forschung aus diesem spezifischen Bereich und berücksichtigt Längsschnittdaten von europäischen MNU für eine eigene Analyse. Die Literatur, welche die verschiedenen Arten von (internationalen) Unternehmungen definiert und konzeptualisiert, wird daraufhin analysiert, wobei auf mehr als 100 Auszüge aus von Experten begutachteten und monografischen Werke zurückgegriffen wird. Darüber hinaus wird bewertet, wie Regionalität und Globalität von MNU operationalisiert und gemessen wird. Ebenso wird eine detaillierte Überprüfung und Analyse der Forschung bereitgestellt, die innerhalb des Diskurses die Klassifikation von MNU berücksichtigt. Anhand von 253 Datenstichproben wird dabei verdeutlicht, dass 85.0% oder 28,575 der 33,632 Unternehmungen als Heimatregionen-orientierte MNU eingestuft werden. Somit zeigt die bestehende Forschung, dass MNU – trotz der bestehenden Abhängigkeiten – überwiegend (Heimatregionen-orientiert und) regional sind.Die vorliegende Arbeit trägt auf Basis der Erhebung und Analyse von Längsschnittdaten von europäischen MNU auch zur bestehenden Debatte über regionale und globale MNU bei. Die Auswertung von Umsatz- und Mitarbeiterdaten von CAC40 und DAX30 gelisteten MNU zeigt dabei, dass sich die interregionale Ausrichtung im Zeitraum von 2005 bis 2015 deutlich verstärkt. Mit abnehmender Heimatregionen-Orientierung sinkt dabei der Anteil der regionalen MNU um 32.8% von 81.3% im Jahre 2005 auf 48.4% im Jahr 2015. Die weitere Datenanalyse zeigt auch, dass die Veränderung zu einer interregionalen Orientierung graduell erfolgt, wäh-rend ausgewählte Fälle verdeutlichen, dass auch sog. „große Schritte“ möglich sind. Da diese Erkenntnisse im Gegensatz zur ursprünglichen Forschung stehen, bietet die vorliegende Arbeit eine übergreifende und aktualisierte Perspektive für regional- und global-orientierte MNU
Pasquier, Romain. "La capacité politique des régions : une comparaison France-Espagne." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10409.
Full textMelle, Denis. "Incitations et mise en réseau des entreprises : le cas de la filière nautique en Bretagne." Phd thesis, Brest, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00607736.
Full textThe research of global competitiveness is a construction in which the territorial base of companies plays a major role. The attractiveness and the territorial competitiveness are very present notions in the debate on regional development policies. While the competitiveness deals with the economic performance in the strict sense, the attractiveness acquires itself by a holistic dimension of the economic development. To optimize their performances, companies build partnerships that allow them to mutualize their resources. These links come true by formal or informal networks, in the form of clusters, local productive systems or districts, insuring a better circulation of information. The nautical industry s particularly involved in our research work. . It is closely related to the territorial identity of the region o Brittany and participates in its attractiveness by emphasizing its endowments. Boating and Marine recreation in Brittany are subject to changes in the economic environment. Relevant actors (businesses and institutional) have engaged in reflections and implemented incentives devices to improve their competitiveness. To better understand the effectiveness of the proposed incentives, we seek to identify if the boating industry in Brittany-owned businesses develop strategies consistent with the expectations of the public authorities and by the same, how these same firms assess the actions of the public power in terms of economic development
Petit, Yves. "Politiques régionales de la Communauté économique européenne et développement des régions : analyse des intéractions." Nancy 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN20001.
Full textThe European single act forms a new contract for regions of member states of European Economic Community. The introduction of the economic and social cohesion is based on a redefinition of structural interventions of European Economic Community. The structural funds (European regional development fund, European social fund, and the orientation part of the feoga), the interventions of the European investment bank, the common policies and the international market must contribute to the realization of a more integrated Europe. The inequalities of development between regions which stand in European economic community must be equally reduced by a structen control of regional development policies (regional grants, regional planning) realized in states and regions. The strong regional demand of transfrontier and interregional cooperation forces the community to foresee more financial interventions in the context of its regional policies. The grouth of the European construction poses the problem of the role of regions inside the European system and that of their insertion in the integration process
Grison, Jean-Baptiste. "La très petite commune en France : héritage sans avenir ou modèle original ?" Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658977.
Full textGrison, Jean-Baptiste. "La très petite commune en France : héritage sans avenir ou modèle original ?" Phd thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/65/89/77/PDF/Grison.pdf.
Full textSabot, Emmanuele. "Pour une étude comparée des politiques de développement économique localisé : analyse franco-britannique de trois villes industrielles : Saint-Etienne, Glasgow (GB), Motherwell (GB)." Saint-Etienne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STET2029.
Full textThe thesis is divided into three parts. The first part is titled: "one crisis, two State responses". This part examines the economic and political context of the three industrial cities studied. The terminology of the crisis is analysed in order to highlight the different interpretations of economic policy in the two states. The French instutitional system is compared to the British system. With a particular focus on Scotland. The second part is titled: "three cities, who does what ? Actors & structures". This section of the thesis shows, in a dynamic way, and by projecting forward current reorganisations, the diversity between the three cities and of the actors and structures dealing with local economic development. The form of the structures, the division of responsibilities, and the relationships between different actors, are contrasted. The final part of the thesis is titled: "actions, policies, and economic development strategies". This part analyses strategies of redevelopment, and the varying development approaches taken by the three cities examined. Similarities and differences in the strategies are developed through the use of case studies. The case studies permit both the choices and local constraints of each of the three industrial cities to be illustrated
Lejoux, Patricia. "Localisation des consommateurs et organisation spatiale de l'économie : une mesure de la consommation touristique nette générée par les flux touristiques dans les régions françaises." Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002533750204611&vid=upec.
Full textIn a context where the majority of researches consider that spatial organization of the economy is determined by the location of producers, firms, and that is translated by an increasing concentration of production and consumption in metropolitan areas, the objective of this thesis aims at verifying the hypothesis according to which the temporary changes of location made by consumers during their tourism mobilities, by the displacements of consumption they generate between spaces could costitute also a determiner of spatial organization of the economy. Two research axis were developed : a geography of tourist flows was established at first to estimate the importance of tourist frequenting in french regions, then a measure of the displacements of consumption was realized by the notion of "net tourist consumption" taking into account consumptions made by tourists inside regions and consumptions made outside by the inhabitants of the regions. The results show that temporary changes of location made by consumers during their tourist mobilities lead to a transfer of wealth from metropolitan areas to non metropolitan areas and that spaces little favoured from dynamics of production are more favoured from dynamics of consumption, netherless some spaces do not benefit fromthis advantages