Journal articles on the topic 'Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)'
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1
Hoare, Deborah. "Subtypes of Developmental Coordination Disorder." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 11, no. 2 (April 1994): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.11.2.158.
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Although the heterogeneity of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) has been well documented, the search for subtypes within the DCD population with distinguishable profiles has been limited. The present study investigated whether a group of 80 children identified as having DCD could be classified into subtypes based on their performances on six perceptuo-motor tasks. Five clusters were identified and are discussed in terms of current understanding of DCD. This exploratory study supports the notion of heterogeneity within DCD samples, with five patterns of dysfunction emerging.
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Kirby, Amanda, David Sugden, and Catherine Purcell. "Diagnosing developmental coordination disorders." Archives of Disease in Childhood 99, no. 3 (November 19, 2013): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-303569.
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Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) affects around 5% of children and commonly overlaps with other developmental disorders including: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and specific language impairment (SLI). There is evidence to demonstrate the wide-ranging impact on all areas of functioning including psychiatric and learning domains. There is increasing evidence of the continuing impact into adulthood and the long-term negative effects on relationships and employment. There is a need for early identification and intervention to limit the likelihood of these secondary consequences from emerging. This paper addresses the diagnosis of DCD.
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Cairney, John, Louis A. Schmidt, Scott Veldhuizen, Paul Kurdyak, John Hay, and Brent E. Faught. "Left-Handedness and Developmental Coordination Disorder." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 53, no. 10 (October 2008): 696–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370805301009.
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Objective: To examine the prevalence of left-handedness in a sample of children screened for developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Method: Using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency—Short Form (BOTMP-SF), 2297 children were screened with 128 scoring at or below the fifth percentile and identified as probable cases of DCD. Using the Movement-ABC (M-ABC) and the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test, 30 children (24 from the DCD group, and 6 who scored above the cut-off) were randomly selected for further assessment. Results: Among the students who had previously scored at or below the fifth percentile on the BOTMP-SF, 24 were evaluated. Among the 19 children who met diagnostic criteria for DCD (IQ > 70, M-ABC < 16th percentile), 37% ( n = 9) were left-handed. Among children who scored at or below the fifth percentile of the M-ABC, 46% were left-handed (6/13). Conclusion: The prevalence of left-handedness in children with DCD suggests a possible role for cerebral lateralization in motor coordination problems.
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Mon-Williams, Mark A., Eve Pascal, and John P. Wann. "Ophthalmic Factors in Developmental Coordination Disorder." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 11, no. 2 (April 1994): 170–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.11.2.170.
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Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) occurs in a small number of children who present with impaired body/eye coordination. No study of ophthalmic function in DCD exists despite vision’s primary role in perception. Ocular performance was therefore assessed with a battery of tests. Five hundred children aged between 5 and 7 years were involved in the study. Diagnosis of DCD was confirmed for 29 children by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (ABC); 29 control children were randomly selected. Comprehensive examination with a battery of ophthalmic tests did not reveal any significant difference in visual status between the two groups. Strabismus was found in 5 children from both groups. All 5 children with strabismus from the DCD group showed a similar movement profile with the Motor Competence Checklist. While a causal relationship cannot be discounted, the presence of strabismus appears more likely to be a “hard” neurological sign of central damage common to this group. The evidence seems to indicate that a simple ophthalmic difficulty does not explain problems with movement control.
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Ip, Angie, Elizabeth C. R. Mickelson, and Jill G. Zwicker. "Assessment, diagnosis, and management of developmental coordination disorder." Paediatrics & Child Health 26, no. 6 (September 17, 2021): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxab047.
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Abstract Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects 5% to 6% of school-aged children. DCD can significantly impact early development and life-long functioning. Evidence supports promising interventions for DCD, but the disorder continues to be under-recognized and under-diagnosed. Paediatricians play an important role in the identification and management of DCD. This practice point, with accompanying tables, assists and supports paediatricians in diagnosing and managing uncomplicated cases of DCD.
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Kirby, Amanda. "Dyspraxia or developmental coordination disorder (DCD)." Practical Pre-School 2002, no. 32 (March 2002): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/prps.2002.1.32.40786.
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Henderson, Sheila E., and Leslie Henderson. "Toward an Understanding of Developmental Coordination Disorder." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 19, no. 1 (January 2002): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.19.1.11.
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We consider three issues concerning unexpected difficulty in the acquisition of motor skills: terminology, diagnosis, and intervention. Our preference for the label Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) receives justification. Problems in diagnosis are discussed, especially in relation to the aetiology-dominated medical model. The high degree of overlap between DCD and other childhood disorders appears to militate against its acceptance as a distinct syndrome. In this context, we emphasize the need to determine whether incoordination takes different forms when it occurs alone is combined with general developmental delay or with other specific disorders in children of normal intelligence. Studies of intervention have mostly shown positive effects but do not, as yet, allow adjudication between different sorts of content. We suggest that the study of DCD and its remediation would benefit greatly from the employment of the simple but rich paradigms developed for the experimental analysis of fully formed adult movement skills.
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Sujatha, B., Jagatheesan Alagesan, Priyanga Seemathan, and Sangeetha Sadhasivam. "Cardio respiratory fitness in children with developmental coordination disorder." Biomedicine 40, no. 4 (January 1, 2021): 539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v40i4.337.
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Introduction and Aim: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition in children, with motor coordination disabilities. Children with DCD not only exhibit poor motor coordination, but also experience poor performance in physical activities and are found to have poor physical fitness. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cardio respiratory fitness in children with developmental coordination disorder.
Materials and Methods: The materials used for the study were DCDQ’07 questionnaire, (Bruinink’s- Oseretsky Test-ed 2) BOT2 tool, (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ed-5) DSM-V diagnostic criteria, cones, 2 wooden blocks, measuring tape, stop watch. Twenty-six individuals were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria out of which only 24 children participated in the study. DCD children were screened using DCDQ’07questionnaire, BOT2 tool, DSM-V diagnostic criteria and the cardio respiratory fitness is evaluated using 20 m shuttle run test. Comparison of Cardio respiratory fitness was done between the children with DCD and children without DCD.
Results: The results were determined by statistical analysis, following 20m shuttle run test. Our findings indicate, cardio-respiratory fitness in children with DCD was significantly less than their peers of same age without DCD and are more likely to be in a high-risk group.
Conclusion: The current study supports lower cardio vascular fitness in children with DCD when compared to children without DCD, moreover no study has so far compared the Cardio respiratory fitness among DCD children and their normal peers.
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Tsiotra, Georgia D., Alan M. Nevill, Andrew M. Lane, and Yiannis Koutedakis. "Physical Fitness and Developmental Coordination Disorder in Greek Children." Pediatric Exercise Science 21, no. 2 (May 2009): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.21.2.186.
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We investigated whether children with suspected Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD+) demonstrate different physical fitness levels compared with their normal peers (DCD−). Randomly recruited Greek children (n = 177) were assessed for body mass index (BMI), flexibility (SR), vertical jump (VJ), hand strength (HS), 40m dash, aerobic power, and motor proficiency. ANCOVA revealed a motor proficiency (i.e., DCD group) effect for BMI (p < .01), VJ (p < .01), and 40m speed (p < .01), with DCD+ children demonstrating lower values than DCD−. Differences between DCD+ and DCD− were also obtained in log-transformed HS (p < .01). These findings suggest that intervention strategies for managing DCD should also aim at physical fitness increases.
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Cairney, John, John A. Hay, Brent E. Faught, Andreas Flouris, and Panagiota Klentrou. "Developmental Coordination Disorder and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Children." Pediatric Exercise Science 19, no. 1 (February 2007): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.19.1.20.
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It is not known whether children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) than children without the disorder, or whether this relationship varies by age and gender. These issues are examined using a cross-sectional assessment of children 9-14 years of age (N = 549). Participants were screened for DCD using the short form Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP-SF). A BOTMP-SF age-adjusted standard score at or below the 10th percentile rank on the BOTMP-SF was required to classify a diagnosis for probable DCD. CRF was determined from each participant’s predicted peak-aerobic power using the Léger 20-m shuttle-run test. Children with DCD report lower CRF than children without the disorder and are more likely to be in a high-risk group (≤ 20th percentile in peak VO2). Moreover, 70% of boys with DCD scored at or below the 20th percentile in peak VO2. Further research in a laboratory setting should be conducted to confirm these findings.
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Lopez, C., C. Hemimou, and L. Vaivre-Douret. "Handwriting disorders in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD): Exploratory study." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.494.
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IntroductionAlthough more than 85% of children with DCD are affected by handwriting disorders, their characteristics and underlying mechanisms remain poorly known.ObjectivesWe aim to better identify the nature of handwriting disorders in subtyping DCD children.MethodsSchool children aged between 5 to 15 years and exhibited a DCD (according to DSM-5) are eligible for inclusion. They were classified in three subtypes of DCD: ideomotor (IM), visual-spatial and/or constructional (VSC), and mixed (MX). They were assessed with a standardized handwriting evaluation including quality and speed and a clinical observation of motor gestual developmental and temporal-spatial organization of handwriting highlighting six qualitative criteria: irregular handwriting (criterion 1), immaturity of handwriting gesture (criterion 2), excessive pressure of the pen on the paper (criterion 3), neuro-vegetative responses (criterion 4), trembling (criterion 5), slow handwriting velocity (criterion 6). Two groups are established: children with poor handwriting (PH) and children with dysgraphia (DysG).ResultsWhile 89% of children have handwriting disorders, only 20% exhibit dysgraphia. IM DCD is characterized by an immaturity of handwriting gesture and is associated with PH. Dysgraphia appears only in VSC and MX DCD which are characterized by the association of criteria 1, 2, 3, and 4. This association appears to more than 80% in DysG. Slow handwriting velocity is constant between PH and DysG.ConclusionImmaturity of handwriting gesture is a possible underlying mechanism of poor handwriting. Dysgraphia is associated with specific impairments in spatial organization of letters and in motor control of handwriting gesture.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Geuze, Reint H. "Postural Control in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder." Neural Plasticity 12, no. 2-3 (2005): 183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/np.2005.183.
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The development of static balance is a basic characteristic of normal motor development. Most developmental motor tests include a measure of static balance. Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) often fail this item. This study reviews the balance problems of children with DCD. The general conclusion is drawn that under normal conditions static balance control is not a problem for children with DCD. Only in difficult, unattended, or novel situations such children seem to suffer from increased postural sway. These findings raise the question of what happens when balance is lost. The present study addresses the strength of correlation between the electromyography (EMG) and force plate signals in one-leg stance over epochs of stable and unstable balance. Four groups of children were involved in the study: two age groups and a group of children with DCD and balance problems and their controls. The results show a clear involvement of tibialis anterior and peroneus muscles in the control of lateral balance in all conditions and groups. The group of children with DCD and balance problems,however, showed a weaker coupling between EMG and corrective force compared with control children, indicating non-optimal balance control. An evaluation of the existing data in terms of evidence of specific structural deficits associated with DCD provided converging evidence that suggests cerebellar involvement.
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Wright, Helen C., and David A. Sugden. "The Nature of Developmental Coordination Disorder: Inter- and Intragroup Differences." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 13, no. 4 (October 1996): 357–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.13.4.357.
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The nature of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in a selected group of Singaporean children (n = 69) aged 6-9 years was investigated by two methods: an intergroup comparison of children with DCD and matched controls (n = 69), and an intragroup study on the same children with DCD in the search for subtypes within this group. The results from the two approaches demonstrate that while the children with DCD are clearly different from the control subjects, the difficulties seen within the DCD group are not common to all the children. Four identifiable subtypes were found within the children with DCD. This more specific information gained about the difficulties children with DCD experience is not easily established from the intergroup analysis, suggesting that the design of future intervention studies should incorporate differences found in subtypes of children with DCD.
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Tran, Huynh-Truc, Yao-Chuen Li, Hung-Yu Lin, Shin-Da Lee, and Pei-Jung Wang. "Sensory Processing Impairments in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Children 9, no. 10 (September 22, 2022): 1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9101443.
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The two objectives of this systematic review were to examine the following: (1) the difference in sensory processing areas (auditory, visual, vestibular, touch, proprioceptive, and multi-sensory) between children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and (2) the relationship between sensory processing and motor coordination in DCD. The following databases were comprehensively searched for relevant articles: PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. There were 1107 articles (published year = 2010 to 2021) found in the initial search. Full-text articles of all possibly relevant citations were obtained and inspected for suitability by two authors. The outcome measures were sensory processing impairments and their relationship with motor coordination. A total of 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. Children with DCD showed significant impairments in visual integration, tactile integration, proprioceptive integration, auditory integration, vestibular integration, and oral integration processes when compared with typically developing children. Evidence also supported that sensory processing impairments were associated with poor motor coordination in DCD. Preliminary support indicated that DCD have sensory processing impairments in visual, tactile, proprioceptive, auditory, and vestibular areas, which might contribute to participation restriction in motor activities. It is important to apply sensory integration therapy in rehabilitation programs for DCD in order to facilitate participation in daily activities.
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Piek, Jan P., Daniela Rigoli, Jillian G. Pearsall-Jones, Neilson C. Martin, David A. Hay, Kellie S. Bennett, and Florence Levy. "Depressive Symptomatology in Child and Adolescent Twins With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and/or Developmental Coordination Disorder." Twin Research and Human Genetics 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2007): 587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.10.4.587.
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AbstractPrevious research has demonstrated a link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and depression. The present study utilized a monozygotic (MZ) differences design to investigate differences in depressive symptomatology between MZ twins discordant for ADHD or DCD. This extends previous research as it controls for genetic effects and shared environmental influences and enables the investigation of nonshared environmental influences. In addition, children and adolescents with comorbid ADHD and DCD were compared on their level of depressive symptomatology to those with ADHD only, DCD only, and no ADHD or DCD. The parent-rated Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior, Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire, and Sad Affect Scale were used to assess ADHD, DCD, and depressive symptomatology respectively. The results revealed higher levels of depressive symptomatology in MZ twins with ADHD or DCD compared to their nonaffected co-twins. In addition, children and adolescents with comorbid ADHD and DCD demonstrated higher levels of depressive symptomatology compared to those with ADHD only, DCD only, and no ADHD or DCD. The implications of these findings are discussed with emphasis on understanding and recognizing the relationship between ADHD, DCD, and depression in the assessment and intervention for children and adolescents with these disorders.
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Woodruff, Sarah J., Connie Bothwell-Myers, Maureen Tingley, and Wayne J. Albert. "Gait Pattern Classification of Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 19, no. 3 (July 2002): 378–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.19.3.378.
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The purpose was to develop an index of walking performance and to examine gait pattern classifications of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The San Diego database (Sutherland, Olshen, Biden, & Wyatt, 1988) provided data for our calculation of the index and for determining that the index was able to differentiate between gait variables of older (ages 3 to 7) and younger (ages 1 to 2.5) children comprising the database. We obtained cinematographical data on 17 biomechanical markers of 6 boys and 1 girl, ages 6 to 7, with DCD, during walking. Analysis of individuals with DCD gait patterns revealed that most had abnormal walking patterns. The means of the time/distance gait variables did not differ between children with DCD and San Diego children, ages 3 to 7. Children with DCD had much larger variances than other children, indicating no systematic pattern in individual gait differences.
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Ganapathy Sankar U and Monisha R. "Evaluation of Multiple Interacting Factors Associated with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (October 6, 2020): 6286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3312.
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Developmental coordination disorder is termed as a motor functioning disorder and it shows a major impact on motor learning and functioning. The aim of the current research is to have a critical analysis of the developmental coordination disorder using ICF model. However DCD is identified by functional limitations, there are associated factors which were left unattended. We discuss the participation restriction, body function and structural defects and other contextual factors associated with DCD. It has been highlighted that primary and secondary defects associated with developmental coordination disorder among children is due to the factors which depends on the cognitive and neurological structures. Personal and environmental factors associated play a major role in motor learning and acquisition. To design intervention for individual adult and children with developmental coordination disorder, there is need for consideration of the multiple interacting factors associated with developmental coordination disorder and understanding the primary and secondary factors that deteriorate the health of children with DCD needs attention. Psychological impairment is the factors which are identified at the front line. However while designing intervention sessions, there is a need to consider the psychosocial aspect of the individual with DCD.
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Raynor, Annette J. "Fractionated Reflex and Reaction Times in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Motor Control 2, no. 2 (April 1998): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/mcj.2.2.114.
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The patellar tendon reflex (PTR) and simple visual reaction time (VRT) were fractionated and compared in 40 subjects with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and normal coordination (NC) in two age groups. Four equal groups of subjects, 6 years DCD (6DCD), 6 years NC (6NC), 9 years DCD (9DCD), and 9 years NC (9NC) were compared using ANOVA for the main effects of coordination and age. PTR and its components of reflex latency and motor time were not significantly affected by the level of coordination; however, a significant coordination by age interaction (p< .05) revealed an increased motor time in the 6DCD group. VRT, premotor time, and motor time were all significantly (p< .05) increased in children with DCD; the increased VRT and premotor time support earlier findings, whereas the increased motor time has not previously been found. These findings suggest that the processing of reflexive and volitional responses by children with DCD differs from that of their NC peers.
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Ringold, Sofronia M., Riley W. McGuire, Aditya Jayashankar, Emily Kilroy, Christiana D. Butera, Laura Harrison, Sharon A. Cermak, and Lisa Aziz-Zadeh. "Sensory Modulation in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder Compared to Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Children." Brain Sciences 12, no. 9 (August 31, 2022): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12091171.
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Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is one of the least studied and understood developmental disorders. One area that has been minimally investigated in DCD is potential issues with sensory modulation. Further, in other neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., autism spectrum disorder (ASD)) sensory modulation is related to many other challenges (e.g., social issues, repetitive behaviors, anxiety); however, such potential relationships in children with DCD have been largely unexplored. The purpose of this study is to explore sensory modulation differences in DCD and to understand the relationships between sensory modulation and social emotional measures, behavior, and motor skills in DCD in comparison to ASD and typically developing (TD) peers. Participants (aged 8–17) and their caregivers (DCD, N = 26; ASD, N = 57; and TD, N = 53) completed behavioral and clinical measures. The results indicated that 31% of the DCD group showed sensory modulation difficulties, with the DCD group falling between the ASD and TD groups. In the DCD group, sensory modulation was significantly associated with anxiety, empathic concern, repetitive behaviors, and motor skills. Data are compared to patterns seen in ASD and TD groups and implications for interventions are discussed.
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Cunningham, Adam C., Sue Delport, Wendy Cumines, Monica Busse, David E. J. Linden, Jeremy Hall, Michael J. Owen, and Marianne B. M. van den Bree. "Developmental coordination disorder, psychopathology and IQ in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome." British Journal of Psychiatry 212, no. 1 (January 2018): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2017.6.
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Background22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is associated with high rates of neurodevelopmental disorder, however, the links between developmental coordination disorder (DCD), intellectual function and psychiatric disorder remain unexplored.AimsTo establish the prevalence of indicative DCD in children with 22q11.2DS and examine associations with IQ, neurocognition and psychopathology.MethodNeurocognitive assessments and psychiatric interviews of 70 children with 22q11.2DS (mean age 11.2, s.d. = 2.2) and 32 control siblings (mean age 11.5, s.d. = 2.1) were carried out in their homes. Nine children with 22q11.2DS and indicative DCD were subsequently assessed in an occupational therapy clinic.ResultsIndicative DCD was found in 57 (81.4%) children with 22q11.2DS compared with 2 (6.3%) control siblings (odds ratio (OR) = 36.7,P< 0.001). Eight of nine (89%) children with indicative DCD met DSM-5 criteria for DCD. Poorer coordination was associated with increased numbers of anxiety, (P< 0.001), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (P< 0.001) and autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms (P< 0.001) in children with 22q11.2DS. Furthermore, 100% of children with 22q11.2DS and ADHD had indicative DCD (20 of 20), as did 90% of children with anxiety disorder (17 of 19) and 96% of children who screened positive for ASD (22 of 23). The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire score was related to sustained attention (P= 0.006), even after history of epileptic fits (P= 0.006) and heart problems (P= 0.009) was taken into account.ConclusionsClinicians should be aware of the high risk of coordination difficulties in children with 22q11.2DS and its association with risk of mental disorder and specific neurocognitive deficits.Declaration of interestNone.
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Van Waelvelde, Hilde, Willy De Weerdt, Paul De Cock, Bouwien C. M. Smits-Engelsman, and Wim Peersman. "Ball Catching Performance in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 21, no. 4 (October 2004): 348–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.21.4.348.
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The aim of this study was to compare the quality of ball catching performance of children with DCD to the performance of younger typically developing children. The outcome measures used were a modified ball catching item of the Test of Gross Motor Development and the number of grasping errors in a ball catching test. In the study, children with DCD were matched with younger typically developing children according to gender and the number of caught balls in the ball catching test. Children with DCD made significantly more grasping errors and scored significantly lower on the modified TGMD-item. Children with DCD were not only delayed in ball catching but they also seemed to use different movement strategies compared to younger typically developing children.
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Johnson, C., K. Klingels, E. Verbecque, P. Meyns, and A. Hallemans. "Feasibility of fNIRS in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S53—S54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.179.
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Introduction Balance deficits are heterogeneous among children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Balance performance depends on different balance domains, each associated with specific underlying neurological systems. In DCD, any of these domains can be affected, but the control mechanisms are poorly understood. The mirror neuron system (MNS) seems to play a key-role in DCD-related deficits. To understand the role of MNS as a control mechanism underlying the balance deficits, simultaneous registration of cortical MNS activity while performing balance tasks is imperative. Therefore, a protocol for combining real-time registration of cortical MNS activity during functional balance tasks in children with DCD, CP and TD is introduced. Methods: Children with DCD, CP and TD (n=108) aged 5-10yr perform preselected tasks of the Kids-BESTest, representing specific balance domains (mixed design): leaning with eyes closed (stability limits/verticality), single-leg-stance, alternate stair touching (anticipatory balance), in-place response, compensatory stepping backward (reactive balance) and walking over obstacles (gait stability). Simultaneously, functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) monitors cortical activity involving the MNS: premotor, inferior and superior parietal cortex and supplementary motor area. An 8-8-optode bundle, making 22 channels, targets this region of interest. Outcome measures are: (de)oxygenated hemoglobin concentration changes per task per channel. Results: In this ongoing research, the protocol was already feasible in 19 children (7.52±1.19). Conclusion: Simultaneous registration of cortical MNS activity (fNIRS) and Kids-BESTest scores will help increase the understanding of the control mechanisms underlying the heterogeneous balance problems in DCD. Consequently, first steps are made to confirm whether DCD shows deviant or delayed development. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Sangster, Claire A., Claire Beninger, Helene J. Polatajko, and Angela Mandich. "Cognitive Strategy Generation in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 72, no. 2 (April 2005): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841740507200201.
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Background. Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a condition of impaired quality of movement and occupational performance. It has been hypothesized that the difficulties experienced by children with DCD may in part be due to an impaired ability to use cognitive strategies to solve occupational performance problems. Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is a verbally-based approach to helping children remediate this difficulty. The current pilot study investigated the use of cognitive strategies in children with DCD to determine whether cognitive strategy use is improved by CO-OP. Methods. Observations of video-recorded sessions of 18 school-aged children were scored for frequency and type of cognitive strategies used. Results. Differences within and between groups revealed changes in the types and frequency of cognitive strategies. Clinical Implications. The results of the present study support the use of a cognitively-based approach such as CO-OP in assisting children with DCD in developing cognitive strategies when solving occupational performance problems. However, further research using a larger sample is necessary to fully explore the impact of CO-OP on the strategy use of children with DCD.
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Ghaheri, Banafsheh, Shahzad Tahmasebi Boroujeni, Mehdi Shahbazi, and Ahmad Reza Arshi. "Dynamic Evaluation of Motor Coordination and Variability in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder." Journal of Arak University Medical Sciences 24, no. 6 (March 13, 2022): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jams.24.6.6188.2.
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Background and Aim: Evaluating variability can help to investigate the process underlying motor coordination problems. The current study aimed to measure motor coordination and its variability in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Moreover, the symmetry of motor coordination variability in these children and the relation between motor skills and variability were explored. Materials and Methods: After evaluating motor skills in children, aged 7-10 years using Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2), 15 children with DCD and 20 non-DCD children performed a bilateral coordination task. Using motion capture system, motor coordination and variability were recorded and calculated by computing continuous relative phase and its standard deviation, respectively. Ethical Considerations: The study with an ethical code of IR.UT.SPORT.REC.1396030 was approved by Ethics Committee of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences of University of Tehran. Findings: Children with DCD showed significantly higher variability, while there was no significant difference between the groups in performing the coordination task. Moreover, the variability of motor coordination was found asymmetrical in children with DCD. Finally, more variability was shown to be accompanied with lower score in motor skills of the participants. Conclusion: The current study shows the necessity of employing assessments related to underlying process of movement coordination such as variability, which can help to provide more comprehensive understanding of motor patterns of children with DCD and the strategies that they adopt to execute and produce movement.
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Montes-Montes, Rebeca, Laura Delgado-Lobete, and Sara Rodríguez-Seoane. "Developmental Coordination Disorder, Motor Performance, and Daily Participation in Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder." Children 8, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8030187.
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Children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often present with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) or motor coordination problems that further impact their daily functioning. However, little is known about the prevalence of co-occurring DCD and ADHD in the Spanish context, and research about the impact of ADHD on performance and participation in motor-based activities of daily living (ADL) is scarce. The aims of this study were to explore the prevalence of co-occurring DCD in children with ADHD, and to examine differences in performance and participation in motor-based ADL between children with ADHD and typically developing children. We conducted a case-control study including 20 children with ADHD and 40 typically developing controls randomly matched for exact age and sex (males = 80%; mean age = 8, 9 (2, 3) years). Presence of probable DCD (p-DCD) was confirmed with the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ). The DCDDaily-Q was administered to assess performance and participation in ADL. A 75% prevalence of p-DCD was found in the ADHD group (OR = 27; p < 0.001). Children with ADHD showed poorer motor performance and less participation in ADL (p < 0.01; d = 0.9–1.4). These findings contribute to understand the functional consequences of ADHD in motor-based ADL and its relationship with DCD.
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Gillberg, Christopher, and Björn Kadesjö. "Why Bother About Clumsiness? The Implications of Having Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)." Neural Plasticity 10, no. 1-2 (2003): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/np.2003.59.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a common motor problem affecting—even in rather severe form—several percent of school age children. In the past, DCD has usually been called ‘clumsy child syndrome’ or ‘non-cerebralpalsy motor-perception dysfunction’. This disorder is more common in boys than in girls and is very often associated with psychopathology, particularly with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders/ autistic-type problems. Conversely, children with ADHD and autism spectrum problems, particularly those given a diagnosis of Asperger syndrome, have a very high rate of comorbid DCD. Psychiatrists appear to be unaware of this type of comorbidity in their young patients. Neurologists, on the other hand, usually pay little attention to the striking behavioral and emotional problems shown by so many of their ‘clumsy’ patients. A need exists for a much clearer focus on DCD—in child psychiatry and in child neurology—both in research and in clinical practice.
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Missiuna, Cheryl. "Motor Skill Acquisition in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 11, no. 2 (April 1994): 214–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.11.2.214.
Full textAbstract:
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) demonstrate coordination difficulties during the learning of novel motor skills; no previous studies, however, have investigated their ability to learn and then generalize a new movement. This study compared 24 young children with DCD with 24 age-matched control children (AMC) during the early stages of learning a simple aiming task. Children with DCD were found to perform more poorly than their peers on measures of acquired motor skill, and to react and move more slowly at every level of task performance. The effect of age and its relationship to practice of the task was also different within each group. The groups did not differ, however, in their rate of learning, or in the extent to which they were able to generalize the learned movement. Children with DCD sacrificed more speed than the AMC group when aiming at a small target, but the effects of amplitude and directional changes were quite similar for each group. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Esposito, Maria, Francesco Precenzano, Ilaria Bitetti, Ilaria Zeno, Eugenio Merolla, Maria Cristina Risoleo, Valentina Lanzara, and Marco Carotenuto. "Sleep Macrostructure and NREM Sleep Instability Analysis in Pediatric Developmental Coordination Disorder." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 19 (October 2, 2019): 3716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193716.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is considered to be abnormal motor skills learning, identified by clumsiness, slowness, and/or motor inaccuracy impairing the daily-life activities in all ages of life, in the absence of sensory, cognitive, or neurological deficits impairment. The present research focuses on studying DCD sleep structure and Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP) parameters with a full overnight polysomnography and to study the putative correlations between sleep architecture and CAP parameters with motor coordination skills. The study was a cross-sectional design involving 42 children (26M/16F; mean age 10.12 ± 1.98) selected as a DCD group compared with 79 children (49M/30F; mean age 9.94 ± 2.84) identified as typical (no-DCD) for motor ability and sleep macrostructural parameters according to the MABC-2 and polysomnographic (PSG) evaluations. The two groups (DCD and non-DCD) were similar for age (p = 0.715) and gender (p = 0.854). More significant differences in sleep architecture and CAP parameters were found between two groups and significant correlations were identified between sleep parameters and motor coordination skills in the study population. In conclusion, our data show relevant abnormalities in sleep structure of DCD children and suggest a role for rapid components of A phases on motor coordination development
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TRIFU, Raluca Nicoleta. "Developmental coordination disorder DCD – terminology, diagnosis and intervention. The implication for speech therapy." Revista Română de Terapia Tulburărilor de Limbaj şi Comunicare VI, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26744/rrttlc.2020.6.2.10.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental coordination disorder DCD is a specific set of impairments corelated with gross and fine motor disfunction, poor motor planning and impaired sensor integration. The term is use wildly for this condition, based on the proposed term made by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–5), but others terms such as dyspraxia, specific motor dysfunction, specific coordination motor disfunction (ICD – 10) are used and preferred in the same time. The article displays the multiple terms used in the literature connected with the DCD, the criteria for diagnosis, the implication for education and target specific intervention in case of DCD.
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Volman, M. J. M., and Reint H. Geuze. "Stability of Rhythmic Finger Movements in Children with a Developmental Coordination Disorder." Motor Control 2, no. 1 (January 1998): 34–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/mcj.2.1.34.
Full textAbstract:
The stability of single and bimanual (i.e., in-phase and antiphase) rhythmic finger movements was studied in 24 children with a developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and 24 matched controls from a dynamic pattern perspective. Stability was assessed by applying perturbations and measuring the time the system needed to return to its initial stability (i.e., the relaxation time). In addition, fluctuations of the patterns were measured. For antiphase coordination patterns, the frequency at which loss of stability occurred was also determined. Children with DCD displayed less stable single and bimanual rhythmic coordination patterns than control children. Further, within the DCD group, 9 children were identified as having particularly poor bimanual coordination stability. Individual differences suggested that variability of individual limb oscillations might have contributed to this poorer interlimb coordination stability. Findings were discussed in relation to a previous study on DCD in which the Wing-Kristofferson timekeeper model was applied.
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Ganapathy Sankar U and Monisha R. "High Risk for Obesity in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (October 19, 2020): 6436–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3437.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is characterized by marked impairment in the acquisition of motor skill. The poor performance of movement skills marks developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and this defect affects the child's activities of daily living in innumerous ways. The ability of the child in the execution of the motor task is substantially below that expected for a child's chronological age and intelligence. DCD affects the child's ability in performing both gross and fine motor skills. Performing the Variety of motor tasks is impaired, and the child is isolated socially and emotionally. These children experience frequent academic failure because of their poor handwriting skill. Despite having IQ more significant than 70, these children experience academic failure. As because of their motor coordination difficulty, these children avoid peer group interaction. They were termed as clumsy and awkward, by their teachers and often by their peer group. Thus they were avoided by their peer group children. This recurrent isolation becomes permanent for children with DCD, and they tend to isolate themselves from everybody. As they become isolated, these children are more prone to psychological distress. As because of poor social interaction and participation in green land play along with peer group children, they were at high risk for obesity and other related disorders. Awareness of the importance of participation in a physical activity needs to be delivered for all the parents of children with and without DCD. Benefits of green land play need to be understood by the parents for further facilitation of children's engagement in physical activity sessions.
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Deconinck, Frederik J. A., Dirk De Clercq, Rudy Van Coster, Ann Oostra, Griet Dewitte, Geert J. P. Savelsbergh, Dirk Cambier, and Matthieu Lenoir. "Sensory Contributions to Balance in Boys with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 25, no. 1 (January 2008): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.25.1.17.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined and compared the control of posture during bilateral stance in ten boys with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) of 6-8 years old and ten matched typically developing boys in four sensory conditions (with or without vision, on a firm or complaint surface). In all conditions mean postural sway velocity was larger for the boys with DCD, in spite of a normal score on the balance items of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children. A Group X Condition interaction revealed a larger dependency on vision in the boys with DCD when standing on a firm surface. These results suggest that in this specific subgroup of boys with DCD with predominantly problems in fine motor and ball skills postural control problems may still be prevalent and may possibly be associated with difficulties to re-weight sensory information in response to environmental demands.
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Gill, Kamaldeep K., Donna Lang, and Jill G. Zwicker. "Cerebellar Differences after Rehabilitation in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Brain Sciences 12, no. 7 (June 29, 2022): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12070856.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) affects a child’s ability to learn motor skills. Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is one of the recommended treatments to help achieve functional motor goals. The purpose of this study was to determine if CO-OP intervention induces functional improvements and structural changes in the cerebellum of children with DCD. Using a randomized waitlist-controlled trial, we investigated the effects of CO-OP intervention on cerebellar volume in 47 children with DCD (8–12 years old). Outcome measures included the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Performance Quality Rating Scale (PQRS), and Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2. The SUIT toolbox was used to carry out voxel-based morphometry using T1-weighted MRI scans. Children with DCD showed improved motor outcomes and increased gray matter volume in the brainstem, right crus II, bilateral lobules VIIIb, and left lobule IX following CO-OP. Significant associations were found between PQRS scores and regional gray matter changes in the brainstem, right crus II, right lobule VIIb, right and left lobule VIIIb, and vermis IX. Given the improved motor and brain outcomes with CO-OP, it is recommended that children with DCD be referred for this rehabilitation intervention.
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Yu, Jie, Cindy H. P. Sit, Angus Burnett, Catherine M. Capio, Amy S. C. Ha, and Wendy Y. J. Huang. "Effects of Fundamental Movement Skills Training on Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 33, no. 2 (April 2016): 134–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.2015-0008.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of fundamental movement skills (FMS) training on FMS proficiency, self-perceived physical competence (SPC), physical activity (PA), and sleep disturbance in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) compared with children with typical development (TD). A total of 84 children were allocated into either experimental group (DCD[exp], TD[exp]) who received 6 weeks of FMS training or control groups (DCD[con], TD[con]). FMS were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2, whereas PA was monitored using accelerometers. SPC and sleep disturbance were evaluated using questionnaires. Results showed that the DCD[exp] group had significantly higher scores in FMS and SPC compared with the DCD[con] group at posttest. The DCD[exp] group scored lower in sleep disturbance at follow-up when compared with posttest. It is suggested that short-term FMS training is effective in improving FMS and SPC and reducing sleep disturbances for children with DCD.
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Sprinkle, Judith, and John Hammond. "Family, Health, and Developmental Background of Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 14, no. 1 (May 1997): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200027656.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to investigate the family background, health-related conditions, and the developmental milestones of children identified with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The parents of a sample of 17 children with DCD responded to questionnaires followed by an interview. The responses were analysed for family, health, and developmental background, psychosocial environment, limited movement opportunity, and hereditary factors. Many of the findings were consistent with issues identified in the literature, including demographic profiles, birth trauma, delayed physical developmental milestones, and hereditary factors. The sample included children with learning difficulties and children who were academically accelerated. Of particular interest were cases where limited participation in physical activiry might have curbed motor competence.
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Pinero-Pinto, Elena, Rita Pilar Romero-Galisteo, María Carmen Sánchez-González, Isabel Escobio-Prieto, Carlos Luque-Moreno, and Rocío Palomo-Carrión. "Motor Skills and Visual Deficits in Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Narrative Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 24 (December 15, 2022): 7447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11247447.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a developmental disorder in which numerous comorbidities seem to coexist, such as motor and visual impairment and some executive functions; Methods: A narrative review on motor and visual deficits in children with DCD was carried out; Results and Discussion: Fine and gross motor skills are affected in children with DCD. In addition, they seem to be related to visual deficits, such as difficulty in visual perception, sensory processing and visual memory. Limitations have also been found in accommodation. Interventions in children with DCD should be aimed at improving both aspects, since vision affects motor skills and vice versa; Conclusions: In children with DCD, who present a marked deficit in global shape processing, it causes an association between deficiencies in visual perception and motor skills.
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Ganapathy Sankar U and Monisha R. "Effectiveness Of Two Task-Oriented Interventions Over Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Motor Performance In Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) - A Pilot Study." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (October 13, 2020): 6399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3400.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is identified as a heterogeneous disorder of motor learning and functioning. Children with DCD avoid physical activities in school as because of low self-esteem; they perceive themselves less capable and avoids peer group interactions at school. They tend to isolate themselves from an academic task as well as from physical activity sessions. Neuromotor task training and WII training are task-based interventions designed to enhance motor performance among children with developmental coordination disorder. Aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of two task-oriented interventions like NTT and WII on motor performance, isometric strength, the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of children with DCD attending primary schools in and around Chennai. Children of age 5-10 years were included and randomly assigned into two groups, Group A and B. Developmental coordination disorder questionnaire- DCDQ was used to screen children with DCD at the baseline. Dynamometer, functional strength assessment, sprint test and 6MWT – 6-minute walk test was used to assess the performance of children with DCD at baseline and after intervention with NTT and WII. Results of the study proved that no significant improvement was reported in both the groups for isometric strength development. However, the Motor performance was enhanced in group A treated with NTT. Wii training showed improvement in anaerobic performance. The study concludes by adding knowledge that both the interventions were safe to execute for children with developmental coordination disorder.
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Ganapathy Sankar U and Monisha R. "Evaluation of aerobic fitness among children with developmental coordination disorder- does individual differences exist." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (October 28, 2020): 6553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3542.
Full textAbstract:
A characteristic hallmark motor in proficiency marks developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Children with DCD have low confidence in their physical abilities and lower perceived self-efficacy toward physical activities than their age-matched peer-group children without DCD. The study aims to evaluate aerobic fitness among children diagnosed with Developmental Coordination Disorder and to examine whether their lies any individual differences among children, who were suspects of DCD. Twenty children were enrolled in after baseline examination as DCD using DCDQ. Each child completed 6 Minute Walk test and Children’s Self-perception of Adequacy in and the predilection for Physical Activity (CSAPPA). When considering the individual differences among children with DCD, there occurs a different result and cardiovascular fitness trend in children with DCD. Fitness is related to the self-perception of ability among children. This study provides evidence that self-perception ability among children is an essential component that needs to be considered when planning therapeutic intervention to enhance cardiovascular fitness in children with DCD.
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Ganapathy Sankar U and Monisha R. "Evaluation of health-related quality of life among parents of children with developmental coordination disorder." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (October 13, 2020): 6363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3393.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD),is a vastly reported disorder with a prevalence estimated of 7-8% in children aged 5 to 10 years. There is a false perception of parents of children with DCD that their children will come out of the motor coordination defects as they age (Adults). This false perception affects the child directly, and they will not outgrow of the problem, however, becomes socially isolated. Motor difficulties reported in children with DCD are heterogeneous. When the HRQOL focuses on children's, it is mandatory to include the domains that elaborate the illness, mental health aspects, comfort ability of the child and also the effects on their parents. The study aims to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among parents of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Thirty parents of children with and without DCD were enrolled in the study and HRQOL of the parents was examined using the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). When considering the HRQOL among parents of children with and without DCD, there occur different results among father and mother. However, parents of children with DCD had significantly lower HRQOL (p < .05). This study provides evidence that DCD significantly affects multiple HRQOL domains among the parents of children with DCD.
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Romeo, Domenico M., Ilaria Venezia, Margherita De Biase, Federica Ascione, Maria Rosaria Lala, Valentina Arcangeli, Eugenio Mercuri, and Claudia Brogna. "Developmental Coordination Disorder and Joint Hypermobility in Childhood: A Narrative Review." Children 9, no. 7 (July 7, 2022): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9071011.
Full textAbstract:
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and joint hypermobility could present an overlap of symptoms and motor functional difficulties. The link between these two clinical conditions has not yet been clarified. Recent studies reported a high incidence (30–50%) of motor delay in children who are referred to hypermobility and of enhanced joint hypermobility in children with DCD. The aim of this study was to provide a critical review of the literature outlining the association between DCD or limited motor performance and joint hypermobility. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were written in English and human-based. All the studies were first selected, looking for the presence of a clinical association between developmental coordination disorder or motor performance and hyperlaxity and reporting details of outcome. After a review of the full texts, 16 articles for a total of 1898 children met the inclusion criteria. In general, there was evidence of a higher incidence of motor delay or DCD in children who are referred to hypermobility and of enhanced joint hypermobility in children with DCD with similar range of functional difficulties. These results could influence the way to support children with rehabilitation and the type of intervention according to the prevalence of one of the two conditions.
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Ganapathy Sankar U and Monisha R. "Evaluation of Hand Strength, Handwriting, and Functional Skills in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (October 13, 2020): 6347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3390.
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Dysgraphia and difficulty in activities of daily living skill are well documented in the research database as impairments affecting children with developmental coordination disorder. Pinch and grip strength has a predominant role in various activities of daily living skills, and a child can fulfil the playing skill only with good pinch and grip strength. To estimate hand strength evolution difference in children with developmental coordination disorder and to analyze the correlations in grip and pinch strength, handwriting and its components, and activities of daily living skills in children with and without developmental coordination disorder. Twenty children were selected and assigned into two groups, typically developing children and children with DCD. Each child was evaluated with pinch and grip strength, handwriting speed and legibility, pencil grip, and levels of performance in functional skills. When considering the strength development pattern, there exists a similar trend in children with and without DCD. Grip strength is having a perfect correlation with pencil control in both children with and without DCD. Handwriting is poor in the children with DCD but not in children without DCD. This study provides evidence that grip and pinch strength are important components when considering therapeutic intervention for enhancing handwriting skill in children with DCD.
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Coleman, R., J. P. Piek, and D. J. Livesey. "Kinaesthetic Acuity in Preprimary Children at Risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 14, no. 1 (May 1997): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200027681.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThe current study examined kinaesthetic acuity and Performance IQ in preprimary children (aged 4-5 years) at risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD; American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Individual assessment of 317 children over four sessions at their pre-primary centre identified 31 children at risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder. These children were matched with 31 control children on age, gender, and Verbal IQ. The two groups were assessed using three Performance IQ subtests of the WPPSI-R and the Kinaesthetic Acuity Test (KAT, Livesey & Parkes, 1995). The results indicate that kinaesthetic acuity and Performance IQ subtests significantly differentiate children at risk of DCD from control children. These results suggest a need to assess the efficacy of kinaesthetic training in young children at risk of DCD. Furthermore, psychologists may be able to assist in the early detection of children at-risk of DCD via the WPPSI-R assessment results routinely obtained for young children.
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Della Barba, Patricia Carla de Souza, Erika Marques Luiz, Raquel Cristina Pinheiro, and Gerusa Ferreira Lourenço. "Prevalence of Developmental Coordination Disorder signs in children 5 to 14 years in São Carlos." Motricidade 13, no. 3 (December 6, 2017): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.10058.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to identify the prevalence of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in children aged 5-14 years, enrolled in public preschools and elementary schools in São Carlos - SP. There were 130 participating families. Instruments were: Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire – Brazil (DCDQ - Brazil), Brazil criteria and a questionnaire for the characterization of children. The prevalence of DCD found was 30%, which is overestimated when compared to data found in much of the literature, justified by the use of the instrument for detection of the DCD. No significant difference was found between the presence of signs in boys and girls and there was a higher concentration of children with DCD signs on B2, C1 and C2 socioeconomic classes. The prevalence of DCD signs was higher in children over 8 years.
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Larkin, Dawne, and Helen E. Parker. "Teaching Landing to Children with and Without Developmental Coordination Disorder." Pediatric Exercise Science 10, no. 2 (May 1998): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.10.2.123.
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This study investigated landing patterns of children aged 7–9 years with either developmental coordination disorder (DCD) or without coordination problems (NC). Initially, 16 DCD and 15 NC children were videotaped performing two-foot landings from a height of 21.5 cm onto a force platform sampling at 500 Hz. Each landing was videotaped at 60 Hz. Regression modeling of the data identified that 72% of peak maximum loading force was explained by landing time, knee angle at touchdown, and hip joint range of motion. Dis-criminant function analysis using landing force, landing time and lower limb joint kinematic variables reliably separated the groups. In the second part, 12 DCD and 10 NC children participated in 6 weekly landing lessons. The only significant adjustment produced by the program was a decrease in the range of motion at the hip in response to instructions to look straight ahead and sit into the landing.
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B., Sujatha, Sivaruban Somasundaram, Jagatheesan Alagesan, and Vikram Adhitya P.S. "Developmental coordination disorder in school children- A systematic review." Biomedicine 42, no. 6 (December 31, 2022): 1156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v42i6.1102.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is defined as a severe delay in perceptual-motor and psychomotor development that affects children who are intellectually normal and have no physical, sensory, or neurological conditions. It is described as a deficiency in the development of gross and fine motor abilities that cannot be accounted for by a lack of general education or exposure to equivalent opportunities to develop motor skills as their peers. Between May 2000 and May 2021, systematic reviews were published; these were included. The articles were shortlisted for full-text review after the reviewers independently read each title and abstract and determined that they looked at motor interventions intended to enhance movement skills in kids with developmental coordination disorder to improve fitness levels for the heart and lungs. This study looked at 72 review articles in total. The study included articles that offered advice on how to improve someone's cardiovascular and respiratory fitness. Activities such as organized sports, exercise, movement, balance training, and motor interventions were defined as motor interventions. According to the study's findings, kids with DCD have trouble moving about and are generally inactive. Conclusion: Improving motor skills and cardiorespiratory fitness have a significant impact on DCD children's quality of life.
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Kilroy, Emily, Sharon A. Cermak, and Lisa Aziz-Zadeh. "A Review of Functional and Structural Neurobiology of the Action Observation Network in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Coordination Disorder." Brain Sciences 9, no. 4 (March 28, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9040075.
Full textAbstract:
Recent research has reported motor impairment similarities between children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and a subgroup of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, there is a debate as to whether DCD is a co-occurring diagnosis in individuals with ASD and motor impairments (ASDd), or if motor impairments in ASD are distinct from DCD. However, the etiology of motor impairments is not well understood in either disorder. Clarifying comorbidities in ASD is important to determine different etiopathological phenotyping clusters in ASD and to understand the variety of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the disorder. Furthermore, this distinction has important therapeutic relevance. Here we explore the current neuroimaging findings in ASD and DCD and discusses possible neural mechanisms that underlie similarities and differences between the disorders.
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Abu-Ata, Amani, Dido Green, Ran Sopher, Sigal Portnoy, and Navah Z. Ratzon. "Upper Limb Kinematics of Handwriting among Children with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder." Sensors 22, no. 23 (November 27, 2022): 9224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239224.
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Background: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) often experience difficulties with handwriting legibility and speed. This study investigates the relationship between handwriting and upper limb kinematics to characterize movement patterns of children with DCD and typically developing (TD) children. Methods: 30 children with and without DCD matched for age, gender, and parent education were compared across handwriting abilities using a standardized handwriting assessment of both copied and dictated tasks (A-A Handwriting). The 3D motion capture system (Qualysis) was used to analyze upper limb kinematics and characterize movement patterns during handwriting and contrasted with written output. Results: Children with DCD wrote fewer legible letters in both copying and dictation. Children with DCD also showed poor automatization of key writing concepts. Atypical wrist postures were associated with reduced legibility for children with DCD (F (1,27) 4.71, p = 0.04, p-η2 = 0.15); whereas for TD children, better legibility was associated with greater variations in movement speed, particularly of the wrist (rho = −0.578, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Results reflect different movement parameters influencing handwriting in children with DCD. An improved understanding of the movement characteristics during handwriting of these children may assist intervention design.
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Golenia, Laura, Raoul M. Bongers, Jessika F. van Hoorn, Egbert Otten, Leonora J. Mouton, and Marina M. Schoemaker. "Variability in coordination patterns in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD)." Human Movement Science 60 (August 2018): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2018.06.009.
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Lefebvre, Carole, and Greg Reid. "Prediction in Ball Catching by Children with and without a Developmental Coordination Disorder." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 15, no. 4 (October 1998): 299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.15.4.299.
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This study aimed to determine how predicting ability in ball catching changes with age and to explore this among children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) as judged by performance on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Henderson & Sugden, 1992) and by clinical evaluation. In Experiment 1, participants were 157 non-DCD children, age 5-12. In Experiment 2, 46 participants (age 5-7) from Experiment 1 were controls for 40 same-age children with a DCD. In Experiment 1, younger children (age 5-6) did not predict ball flight as well as older groups at short viewing times, and girls did not predict as well as boys. In Experiment 2, DCD children predicted more poorly at most viewing times compared to non-DCD peers. It was concluded that age and gender are crucial factors in predicting ball flight and that predicting ability is a fundamental problem in catching for younger, female, and DCD children.
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Przysucha, Eryk P., and Brian K. V. Maraj. "Nature of Spatial Coupling in Children With and Without Developmental Coordination Disorder in Ball Catching." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 30, no. 3 (July 2013): 213–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.30.3.213.
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The nature of intra- and interlimb (bimanual) coordination was examined in ten boys with (M = 10.5 years, SD = 1.0) and without DCD (M = 10.8 years, SD = .9) in a two-handed catching task. Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) caught significantly fewer balls (MDCD = 56%, SD = 17.6 vs. MnoDCD = 93%, SD = 7.5), and both groups solved the “degrees of freedom problem” differently at intralimb level of coordination. Typically developing children coupled and decoupled the respective spatial relations, whereas the majority of children with DCD segmented their actions. At interlimb level, both groups exhibited a comparable degree of spatial symmetry. However, individual profiles also showed that children with varying degrees of movement issues exhibited movement patterns that were qualitatively and functionally diverse. Overall, in the context of previous research on interlimb coordination it appears that spatial, in addition to temporal organization, may be jeopardized in at least some children with DCD.