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Manzo, Kate, Rory Padfield, and Helena Varkkey. "Envisioning tropical environments: Representations of peatlands in Malaysian media." Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space 3, no. 3 (November 26, 2019): 857–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2514848619880895.
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At a time of international debate about the value of tropical peatlands in Malaysia and Indonesia, this paper explores continuities and changes in colonial representations of peatlands over time. The principal aim is to understand how arguments for both development and conservation are framed and expressed in relation to wider narratives about the suitability or unsuitability of tropical peatlands for commercial development. Of particular interest is the ways in which scientific findings (both for and against peatlands development) are communicated in popular media. The substantive focus of the paper is Malaysian media; we undertake a qualitative content analysis of representations of tropical peatlands in English-language Malaysian media over a 20-year period. Close attention to a particular form of linguistic expression, namely textual metaphor, emerged from a combination of secondary reading and the evident presence of different metaphors within the data set itself. Informed by relevant studies, these are classified as ontological, cybernetic, organic and aquatic. As well as differences, we find similar metaphorical expressions criss-crossing lines of debate. Land container (ontological) metaphors that envision tropical peatlands as receptacles of economically valuable natural resources are by far the most common. We conclude that market-centred conservation is the principle alternative to mainstream, extractive development in Malaysia (as elsewhere). At a time when the value of peatlands is expressed mainly in terms of economic use and exchange value, the circulation of counternarratives that emphasise intrinsic and/or future value thus remain equally crucial.
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Soroka, Marianna, Barbara Wasowicz, and Katarzyna Zając. "Conservation status and a novel restoration of the endangered freshwater mussel Unio crassus Philipsson, 1788: Poland case." Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, no. 422 (2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2021003.
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Bivalves play an important part in freshwater ecosystems and improve water quality; the thick-shelled river mussel Unio crassus is classified as a bioindicator. Unfortunately, the species is regarded as endangered and is under species protection in the whole of Europe. The reasons for the drastic decline of its populations are: considerable eutrophication of waters, anthropogenic influence in its broad sense and the presence of invasive species. The life cycle of U. crassus includes the stage of larva which is an obligatory parasite of fish. This makes it possible for the species to disperse and populate new territories but it limits the development to places where appropriate host species are available. Intensive measures have been taken in Poland to protect U. crassus, while in France numerous new localities of the species have been bar-coded. In 2010–2014 active protection measures were taken in southern Poland, including inventorying, studies of genetic diversity and reintroductions. The project contributed to the increase in population abundance and in the number of localities of the thick-shelled river mussel, which resulted in a twofold increase in the range of occurrence of the species in the river. The procedures presented here can and should be used in further restitution of U. crassus not only in Poland but also elsewhere in Europe.
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Nery, José A. C., Anna M. Sales, Mariana A. V. B. Hacker, Milton O. Moraes, Raquel C. Maia, Euzenir N. Sarno, and Ximena Illarramendi. "Low rate of relapse after twelve-dose multidrug therapy for hansen’s disease: A 20-year cohort study in a brazilian reference center." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 5 (May 3, 2021): e0009382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009382.
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The World Health Organization has raised concerns about the increasing number of Hansen disease (HD) relapses worldwide, especially in Brazil, India, and Indonesia that report the highest number of recurrent cases. Relapses are an indicator of MDT effectiveness and can reflect Mycobacterium leprae persistence or re-infection. Relapse is also a potential marker for the development or progression of disability. In this research, we studied a large cohort of persons affected by HD treated with full fixed-dose multibacillary (MB) multidrug therapy (MDT) followed for up to 20 years and observed that relapses are a rare event. We estimated the incidence density of relapse in a cohort of patients classified to receive MB regime (bacillary index (BI) > 0), diagnosed between September 1997 and June 2017, and treated with twelve-dose MB-MDT at a HD reference center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We obtained the data from the data management system of the clinic routine service. We linked the selected cases to the dataset of relapses of the national HD data to confirm possible relapse cases diagnosed elsewhere. We diagnosed ten cases of relapse in a cohort of 713 patients followed-up for a mean of 12.1 years. This resulted in an incidence rate of 1.16 relapse cases per 1000 person-year (95% CI = 0.5915–2.076). The accumulated risk was 0.025 in 20 years. The very low risk observed in this cohort of twelve-dose-treated MB patients reinforces the success of the current MDT scheme.
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Ahmed, Manahil H., Musa A. E, and Ebtesam A. Hassan. "Manufacture of Shoe Upper Leathers from Sudanese Camel Hides." Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology 10, no. 7 (July 19, 2022): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjet.2022.v10i07.004.
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Sudan is one of the African countries with higher livestock population. The total livestock population of the country is estimated at 31.78 millions of cattle, 41 millions of sheep, 32.22 millions of goats and 4.92 millions of camels. This huge population of livestock provides many opportunities for the development of the leather sector in the country. The main source of raw material for the Sudan tanning sector comes from sheep, goat and cattle. Camel (Camelus dromedarius) is one of the most important livestock uniquely adapted to hot dry environments. Sudan holds the second largest camel population in the world (about 4.92 million). Camels in Sudan and elsewhere are classified as pack (heavy) and riding (light) types according to their function. Recent studies have been made to classify the camels according to their performance (dairy camels, meat camels, dual purpose camels and racing camels). In the present study, camel hides were used for manufacture of upper crust leathers and compare with conventional cow hides. Histological analysis of the camel hide and cow hide has been carried out at soaking operation. The physical and chemical analysis indicates that the experimental camel leathers are comparable to control cow leathers in terms of all the properties. The bulk properties for the experimental leathers are better than control leathers. Scanning electron microscopic analysis for both control and experimental leather samples show good separation of fiber bundles. The chemical and physical characteristics of the experimental camel leather revealed that the camel hide raw material was suitable for making of shoe upper leather. In Sudan camel was considered as best alternative animal to conventional raw materials such as sheep, goat and cattle due to its higher off take rate.
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Juneja, V., G. Black, J. Thornton, S. Russo, M. Johnson, R. Diasio, and M. W. Saif. "Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) in patients treated with capecitabine (CAP) and the role of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 8615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.8615.
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8615 Background: HFS is the most common toxicity of CAP. Preclinical studies have shown that radiation (XRT) up-regulates TP, which may in turn increase efficacy of CAP. CAP is degraded by DPD, and a deficiency in this enzyme may increase toxicity of CAP. However, effect of XRT on frequency of HFS and association with TP and DPD has not been fully characterized. Methods: Toxicity data were collected from pts with LA pancreatic cancer enrolled in 3 clinical trials conducted at UAB between Apr 2001 and Jul 2005. Overall results of these trials have been reported elsewhere. Pts received XRT (50.4 Gy) with CAP (1,200–1,600 mg/m2 BID M-F) followed CAP (2,000 mg/m2 BID x 14 days). Pts were classified into 2 groups to evaluate HFS: CAP-XRT and CAP. Roche grading was used to assess HFS. Dose modifications were according to drug insert. Pts received prophylactic udder cream and pyridoxine. Tumor specimens were procured in 36 pts by EUS-FNA 1 wk pre- and 2 wks post XRT to evaluate TP and DPD. Age, race, sex, and PS were evaluated as prognostic factors. Results: Median duration of CAP was 6 wks (range: 3–6) for CAP-XRT and 2.5 cycles (range: 0–17) for CAP. Among 58 pts, 14 developed HFS (24%). CAP group had a higher incidence of HFS than CAP-XRT (17.2 % vs. 10.3 %; P = 0.12). Grade 2/3 HFS was observed in 15.5 % of CAP and 1.7 % of CAP-XRT (P = 0.0078). Median cumulative dose of CAP for first development of HFS was 235,000 mg/m2 in CAP-XRT group and 3,185,000 mg/m2 in CAP, with relative frequency of an event occurring in CAP-XRT vs. CAP of 0.59. HFS occurred at a median of 5 wks in CAP-XRT and 6 wks in CAP. Log-rank test showed neither age, sex, ECOG PS, or race was associated with development of HFS. There was no difference in tumor responses of pts with vs. without HFS. Mean tumor TP was higher among pts with vs. without HFS (275.77 vs. 215.29; P = 0.32). Mean tumor DPD was lower among pts with vs. without HFS (55.18 vs. 63.58; P = 0.49). Mean TP:DPD ratio was higher among pts with vs. without HFS (10.29 vs. 3.04; P = 0.31). Conclusions: This study suggests that incidence, severity, and time to occurrence of HFS with CAP-XRT < CAP, indicating no effect of XRT. No significant association of HFS with higher tumor TP or lower tumor DPD was found. Pharmacological basis for HFS with CAP needs to be explored. [Table: see text]
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Garanča, Biruta. "THE STRUCTURE OF MACHINERY BUILDING IN LATGALE AND PERSPECTIVES OF ITS DEVELOPMENT." Latgale National Economy Research 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2009): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/lner2009vol1.1.1761.
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The financial facility of development of machinery building in Latgale is expected in manufacturing of electrical and optical equipment and in production of metal and metal ware. At present the proportion of production of leading machinery and equipment non-classified elsewhere, as well as of production of transport means has a tendency to reduce and also they have lesser probability to manage the financial crisis.
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Goldsworthy, David. "Australian studies of the politics of elsewhere." Australian Journal of International Affairs 44, no. 2 (August 1990): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10357719008445032.
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Belaganahalli, M., S. Maan, and P. P. C. Mertens. "Caractérisation génétique des virus Tilligerry et Mitchell River." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 62, no. 2-4 (February 1, 2009): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10060.
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Viruses that are normally safely contained within their host species can emerge due to intense livestock farming, trade, travel, climate change and encroachment of human activities into new environments. The unexpected emergence of bluetongue virus (BTV), the prototype species of the genus Orbivirus, in economically important livestock species (sheep and cattle) across the whole of Europe (since 1998), indicates that other orbiviruses represent a potential further threat to animal and human populations in Europe and elsewhere. The genus Orbivirus is the largest within the family Reoviridae, containing 22 virus species, as well as 14 unclassified orbiviruses, some of which may represent additional or novel species. The orbiviruses are transmitted primarily by arthropod vectors (e.g. Culicoides, mosquitoes or ticks). Viral genome sequence data provide a basis for virus taxonomy and diagnostic test development, and make it possible to address fundamental questions concerning virus biology, pathogenesis, virulence and evolution, that can be further explored in mutation and reverse genetics studies. Genome sequences also provide criteria for the classification of novel isolates within individual Orbivirus species, as well as the identification of different serotypes, topotypes, reassortants and even closely related but distinct virus lineages. Full-length genome characterization of Tilligerry virus (TILV), a member of the Eubenangee virus species, and Mitchell River virus (MRV), a member of the Warrego virus species, have revealed highly conserved 5’ and 3’ terminal hexanucleotide sequences. Phylogenetic analyses of orbivirus T2 ‘sub-core-shell’ protein sequences reinforce the hypothesis that this protein is an important evolutionary marker for these viruses. The T2 protein shows high levels of amino acid (AA) sequence identity (> 91%) within a single Orbivirus species / serogroup, which can be used for species identification. The T2-protein gene has therefore been given priority in sequencing studies. The T2 protein of TILV is closely related to that of Eubenangee virus (~91% identity), confirming that they are both members of the same Eubenangee virus species. Although TILV is reported to be related to BTV in serological assays, the TILV T2 protein shows only 68-70% AA identity to BTV. This supports its current classification within a different serogroup (Eubenangee). Warrego virus and MRV are currently classified as two distinct members (different serotypes) within the Warrego virus species. However, they show only about 79% AA identity in their T2 protein (based on partial sequences). It is therefore considered likely that they could be reclassified as members of distinct Orbivirus species. The taxonomic classification of MRV will be reviewed after generating full length sequences for the entire genomes of both viruses. The taxonomic status of each of these viruses will also be tested further by co-infections and attempts to create reassortants between them (only viruses belonging to the same species can reassort their genome segments). TILV and MRV are the first viruses from their respective serogroups / virus species to be genetically fully characterized, and will provide a basis for the further characterization / identification of additional viruses within each group / species. These data will assist in the development of specific diagnostic assays and potentially in control of emerging diseases. The sequences generated will also help to evaluate current diagnostic [reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)] tests for BTV, African horse sickness virus, epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus, etc., in silico, by identifying any possibility of cross reactivity.
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Fullalove, S. K. "Elsewhere inICE Proceedings." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Urban Design and Planning 162, no. 1 (March 2009): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/udap.2009.162.1.41.
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Fullalove, S. K. "Elsewhere inICE Proceedings." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Urban Design and Planning 163, no. 1 (March 2010): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/udap.2010.163.1.45.
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Wilson, Jennifer L., Kit Wun Kathy Cheung, Lawrence Lin, Elizabeth A. E. Green, Analia I. Porrás, Ling Zou, David Mukanga, et al. "Scientific considerations for global drug development." Science Translational Medicine 12, no. 554 (July 29, 2020): eaax2550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aax2550.
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Requiring regional or in-country confirmatory clinical trials before approval of drugs already approved elsewhere delays access to medicines in low- and middle-income countries and raises drug costs. Here, we discuss the scientific and technological advances that may reduce the need for in-country or in-region clinical trials for drugs approved in other countries and limitations of these advances that could necessitate in-region clinical studies.
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Samuels, Jonathan. "Incest, Classified." Inner Asia 23, no. 1 (May 26, 2021): 21–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105018-12340161.
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Abstract The prohibition on incest, a topic so key to kinship studies, has not featured prominently in literature on Tibet. This article draws attention to a previously unreported section of writing devoted to the topic of incest, composed by the Tibetan ‘prime minister’ Sangye Gyatso (Sangs rgyas rgya mtsho, 1653–1705), one of the principal architects of the Tibetan state. Sangye Gyatso sets out what purports to be a threefold classification of incest, traditional to Tibet, and considers how aspects of it are to be interpreted. The present article focuses on some of the significant issues raised by this piece. Among these are questions about the context and circumstances of its appearance, the status of incest as a category in historical Tibet, and the place of religious and state authority in the social domain.
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Playforth, Rachel. "Unhiding African collections at the British Library for Development Studies." African Research & Documentation 121 (2013): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00021919.
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The British Library for Development Studies serves as the library of the Institute of Development Studies, but it also has a wider remit in supporting development research globally, funded by the UK Department for International Development. The collection has been built up over fifty years and consists of over two hundred thousand titles and over one million physical items, making it the largest collection of economic and social development materials in Europe. Over half of these items originate from developing countries, including development plans, budgets, national accounts, statistical yearbooks, and census reports for nearly all African and Asian nations. Much of the stock is believed to be unique - 42% of the catalogued holdings at BLDS do not appear elsewhere in WorldCat's global holdings.
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Clegg, Chris, Patrick Waterson, and Neil Carey. "Computer Supported Collaborative Working: Lessons from Elsewhere." Journal of Information Technology 9, no. 2 (June 1994): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629400900201.
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In this paper we review two application areas in the field of IT concerning advanced manufacturing technology and office automation. We argue that new systems in both these areas have been predominantly technology-led in their development and implementation, excluding adequate attention to their human and organizational aspects. We describe two case studies as illustrations of these points and argue that the reasons for this technology-led approach lie in a complex interacting set of social systems that work effectively to marginalize the human and organizational aspects of the new technologies. The applicability of these findings to the domain of Computer Supported Collaborative Working (CSCW) is examined. There are two main sets of lessons that can be learned: those that apply generally to the field of IT, and thereby have relevance also to the special case of CSCW; and those that are particular to the conduct and content of research and development into CSCW. These lessons are outlined in the form of sets of suggestions.
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Beglerović, Samir, and Mark Sedgwick. "Islam in Bosnia Between East and West: The Reception and Development of Traditionalism." Journal of Religion in Europe 13, no. 1-2 (December 9, 2020): 145–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748929-20201498.
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Abstract The article looks at the reception and development of Guénonian Traditionalism in Bosnia from the 1970s to the present day. Traditionalism was initially received in Yugoslavia as esotericism, but then its reception became more Islamic, based in Sarajevo’s Islamic Theology Faculty. After the Bosnian War, Islamic Traditionalist works became popular among young Bosnians who wanted to combine Islam with European identities. Some Bosnian ulama taught Traditionalist works to their students, a development unparalleled elsewhere, and wrote their own Traditionalist-influenced works, mostly dealing with interreligious dialogue. The Bosnian reception and development of Traditionalism is unique, and it is argued that this reflects Bosnia’s special position between East and West.
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Verstraelen, Frans J. "Land, Development and Ecology." Mission Studies 13, no. 1 (1996): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338396x00104.
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AbstractFor all peoples, land is an invaluable asset, a pre-condition for life, growth, and development. There are, however, different assessments of land in various parts of the world. In the North with its Enlightenment inheritance, scientific approach and technological development, land is viewed rather rationally, while in the South land is understood also rela- tionally, intuitively and mystically, in contrast to a purely rational view and use. "Reason seeks to analyse, to define and so, in a sense to master. The intuitive view has a strong component of belonging" (Tuwere 1994:10). Since in both the Pacific and Africa land has a mystical, spiritual background, it seems that Christians and Christian churches elsewhere can greatly benefit from their experiences and insights for deepening an understanding of and approach to land, development and ecological issues. This paper presents viewpoints expressed mainly by Pacific and Africans theologians. There are, of course, other perspectives as instanced by Cecilia Asogwa, a popular educator in Nigeria who, in her reflection on the integrity of creation, inserts experiences and initiatives of rural women in Ebenebe, Nigeria, who through involvement in an economic self-help group obtained personal and community empowerment experienced as part of the healing of creation (see Asogwa 1992).
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Gumede, Vusi. "Leadership for Africa’s Development." Journal of Black Studies 48, no. 1 (November 21, 2016): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934716678392.
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The African continent remains at the periphery in world affairs, as many have argued. Similarly, many scholars have advanced cogent reasons for this unfortunate reality. The development of the continent is also unimpressive, relative to the potential of the African economies. It is therefore important that Africa pursues its own socioeconomic development approach instead of what appears to be inappropriate policies that are being implemented in most if not all African countries, as argued elsewhere. This article makes a case for African (traditional/indigenous) leadership and examines political leadership in particular with the view of ensuring that Africa reclaims its lost glory and recovers its stolen legacy (to paraphrase George James). The article argues that African leadership should be infused with thought leadership, thought liberation, and critical consciousness. And critical consciousness and thought liberation should be linked to decolonizing the minds of Africans, as Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o and others have argued.
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Bown, M. H. "The Development of Scottish Border Lordship, 1332–58." Historical Research 70, no. 171 (February 1, 1997): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2281.00028.
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Abstract This article examines the effect of sustained warfare on the political society of southern Scotland. Using contemporary sources it discusses the disintegration of existing structures of lordship in the thirteen‐thirties and the exercise of effective leadership by minor landowners and their followers. This process is considered in the context of similar changes in the regional power structures elsewhere in the British Isles. The new limitations placed on royal authority in the Scottish Marches continued beyond the period of major war and culminated in the formalization of personal and military lordship with the creation of the earldom of Douglas in 1358.
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CHARNEY, IGAL. "Reflections on the Post-WTC Skyline: Manhattan and Elsewhere." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 29, no. 1 (March 2005): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00577.x.
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DeMaris, Richard. "Demeter in Roman Corinth: Local Development in a Mediterranean Religion." Numen 42, no. 2 (1995): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568527952598701.
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AbstractThis study constructs a history of Demeter worship in Corinth and its environs based on archaeological finds from the Demeter and Kore sanctuary on Acrocorinth and elsewhere in the Corinthia. These finds document the changing character of Demeter devotion from the Greek to Roman period. Demeter worship survived the Roman sacking of Corinth in 146 BCE, but the reemerging cult changed: Demeter's chthonic aspect became dominant in the Roman period. The earlier Greek emphasis on fertility, substantiated by votive pottery finds from the Classical and Hellenistic periods, gave way to funerary and underwold emphases. Evidence both from the Demeter and Kore sanctuary on Acrocorinth and from Isthmia attests to the growing importance of Persephone and Pluto, the rulers of the dead, and of snake symbols, whose funerary and chthonic affinities were deeply rooted in ancient Mediterranean culture.
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Baulch, Emma. "Gesturing elsewhere: the identity politics of the Balinese death/thrash metal scene." Popular Music 22, no. 2 (May 2003): 195–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026114300300312x.
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This essay explores the political significance of Balinese death/thrash fandom. In the early 1990s, the emergence of a death/thrash scene in Bali paralleled growing criticism of accelerated tourism development on the island. Specifically, locals protested the increasing ubiquity of Jakarta, ‘the centre’, cast as threatening to an authentically ‘low’, peripheral Balinese culture. Similarly, death/thrash enthusiasts also gravitated toward certain fringes, although they rejected dominant notions of Balinese-ness by gesturing elsewhere, toward a global scene. The essay explores the ways in which death/thrash enthusiasts engaged with local discourses by coveting their marginality, and aims to demonstrate how their articulations of ‘alien-ness’ contributed in important ways to a broader regionalism.
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Shanmugam, Bala. "Socio-Economic Development Through the Informal Credit Market." Modern Asian Studies 25, no. 2 (May 1991): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00010659.
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While a number of in-depth studies have been carried out on the role of the formal financial market (Gurley and Shaw, 1955; Patrick, 1966; Porter, 1966; Goldsmith, 1969; McKinnon, 1973; Shaw, 1973, to mention a few), the informal or unorganized financial sector has largely been neglected. While discussions about the operations of the informal market were popular about 20 years ago (Geertz, 1962; Ardener, 1964; Anderson, 1966; Kurtz, 1973) they have gradually been relegated to the side-lines and this is despite the fact that the said market is neverthel ess of significant size and importance (as will be illustrated elsewhere in the paper).
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Vejchodská, Eliška, and Andreas Hendricks. "Munich’s developer obligations as a legal transplant to the Czech institutional context." Town Planning Review: Volume ahead-of-print ahead-of-print (August 1, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2021.28.
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Well-established developer-obligation models are embedded in many countries. Policy transfers might seem appropriate for adopting such schemes elsewhere. This study brings in-depth insight into the perceptions of key stakeholders on developer obligations from countries with and without such an instrument and demonstrates the barriers hindering policy transfer. We utilise the currently contemplated policy transfer of the Munich model of developer obligations (Germany) into the Czech institutional context as a case study. Our results show that an instrument successful in one institutional arrangement may be perceived as an unattainable dream elsewhere. Surprisingly, developers, instead of hindering the adoption of developer obligations, support them. They praise them for knowing all liabilities in advance, and for being partners for the public sector instead of enemies. On the other hand, differences in institutional context constitute barriers that might result in having an empty legal shell out of the transplant.
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Wolf, Klaus. "Promoting the Positive Development of Foster Children: Establishing Research in Germany." Adoption & Fostering 36, no. 1 (April 2012): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857591203600106.
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Research into foster care is less developed in Germany than in the UK or US and there are few national practice standards. In 2006, a research centre was established at the University of Siegen to improve the situation. Klaus Wolf describes the work undertaken so far and discusses the aims and philosophy underpinning the programme. He explains how research relevant to practice is combined with studies that have theoretical value in their own right, and how a combination of these informs current debates about foster care in Germany and elsewhere.
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Pop, Cornel Vlad, and Mihai Olimpiu Tătar. "Studies and Research on the Locomotion of Mobile Robots Inspired by Biosystems." Robotica & Management 26, no. 2 (2021): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/rm.2021.2.6.
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In the first part of the paper are presented aspects regarding the locomotion of biosystems. In the second part, the robots from biosystems are classified into two categories: robots with single locomotion and robots with hybrid locomotion. Robots with hybrid locomotion are further classified and examples from specialized literature are presented. At the end of the paper are presented the development trends of robots in this field.
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Kato, M., and T. Onodera. "Observation on the development of osteochondrosis in young rats." Laboratory Animals 20, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002367786780865575.
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A histopathological study on the development of spontaneous osteochondrosis in the humeral head and medial femoral condyle of rats (6-20 weeks old) was carried out. Findings were classified into three types: normal, transitional and osteochondrotic. In the normal type, the articular cartilage at the caudal region of the humeral head and medial femoral condyle was significantly thinned between 6 and 10 weeks of age (generally the caudal region was thicker than elsewhere at all ages). In the transitional type, the thinning of the cartilage was delayed. In the third type, osteochondrotic lesions were detected in the humeral head from 6 weeks of age and in the medial femoral condyle from 10 weeks of age. The thickness of the cartilage had slightly decreased or had not changed at 20 weeks of age. In the early stages, viable chondrocytes and small destructive foci of cartilage were observed in the basal layer of the thick deep zone. These cells were present in pairs or clusters surrounded by matrix in the large lacunae. Cells and destructive foci were also seen in the surface layer of the deep zone as the rats aged. In the advanced stage, a necrotic area or cleft was formed in the basal layer of the articular cartilage and fibrosis was observed in the subchondral bone.
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Miller, Courtney A., Yen Lee, Gregory D. Avey, and Houri K. Vorperian. "Head position classification of medical imaging studies: an assessment and development of a protocol." Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 49, no. 4 (May 1, 2020): 20190220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20190220.
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Objectives To determine the optimal approach to reliably classify head position of head and neck medical imaging studies as flexion, neutral or extension for use in craniofacial and orthodontic research. Methods and material: A prospective study scanned six participants in flexed, neutral and extended head positions. Additionally, a retrospective dataset of 46 CT studies were visually classified into six categories: flexion, neutral-flexion, neutral, neutral-extension, extension and flexion-extension. 14 landmarks were placed in the head and neck region of all studies to calculate 17 head position angle and distance measurements. Assessment of head position classification was performed for each measure, as well as all measures together using GUIDE forest. Results: No single measure was sufficient to reliably classify head position in both retrospective and prospective imaging studies. Therefore, this study developed a head position protocol that considers multiple measures using two hybrid predictive models, to classify head position. Compared to visual assessment of head position, this protocol classified the imaging studies into the four head position categories with 82% neutral sensitivity and 100% neutral precision where the three neutral groups (neutral-flexion, neutral and neutral-extension) were grouped together. Conclusion: This study established a novel head position classification protocol that uses multiple measures accounting for both head and neck positions to reliably classify head positions in imaging studies as: flexion, neutral or extension. Given the limitation that no single measure reliably classified head position, this protocol is strongly recommended to researchers who need to account for head position to reach valid conclusions.
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Miller, Leland V., Nancy F. Krebs, and K. Michael Hambidge. "Development of a compartmental model of human zinc metabolism: identifiability and multiple studies analyses." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 5 (November 1, 2000): R1671—R1684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.5.r1671.
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A compartmental model of zinc metabolism has been developed from stable isotope tracer studies of five healthy adults. Multiple isotope tracers were administered orally and intravenously, and the resulting enrichment was measured in plasma, erythrocytes, urine, and feces for as long as 3 wk. Data from total zinc measurements and model-independent calculations of various steady-state parameters were also modeled with the kinetic data. A structure comprised of 14 compartments and as many as 25 unknown kinetic parameters was developed to adequately model the data from each of the individual studies. The structural identifiability of the model was established using the GLOBI2 identifiability analysis software. Numerical identifiability of parameter estimates was evaluated using statistical data provided by SAAM. A majority of the model parameters was estimated with sufficient statistical certainty to be considered well determined. After the fitting of the model and data from the individual studies using SAAM/CONSAM, results were submitted to SAAM extended multiple studies analysis for aggregation into a single set of population parameters and statistics. The model was judged to be valid based on criteria described elsewhere.
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Lundahl, Mikela, and Jean-Loup Amselle. "Mestizo Logics: Anthropology of Identity in Africa and Elsewhere." Canadian Journal of African Studies 32, no. 3 (1998): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/486331.
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Meuleman, Johan. "Dakwah, competition for authority, and development." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 167, no. 2-3 (2011): 236–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003591.
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Da`wah – usually spelt dakwah in Indonesian – has been an important aspect of Islam from its very birth. Since the late nineteenth century, however, as a result of political and social transformations it has taken new forms. In one form or others, da`wah has been practised by a large variety of Islamic movements and organizations. Although complementary to each other in certain cases, in others their relations have rather been characterized by competition for authority and power, not only between various da`wah organizations, but also, through these organizations, between regimes, categories of religious and social leaders, and social categories of Muslims. For this reason, da`wah has had important dimensions beyond the domain of religion proper. Moreover, da`wah has been connected to political and social causes such as the struggle against communism and Christianity – sometimes emulating them in certain respects – and community development. Quite a few da`wah initiatives, state-sponsored or non-governmental, have taken transnational scopes. Indonesian dakwah has shared most of the above features. This article, analyzing dakwah in Indonesia, confirms their existence and adds to their understanding. It substantiates theories on the objectification of Islam in modern societies: the spread of mass education has led to the fragmentation of religious understanding, which has stimulated a fierce competition for religious authority and the control of religious institutions and organizations. Just as in many other Muslim-majority countries, in Indonesia the state has played a prominent role in the development of mass education, the ensuing competition for religious authority, as well as the functionalization of religion. As was the case elsewhere, in Indonesia dakwah has had important dimensions beyond the religious domain. On the other hand, Indonesian dakwah has shown a number of particularities. In order to illustrate the combination of similarities with da`wah as it developed elsewhere and Indonesian particularities, the article pays particular attention to dakwah pembangunan – development da`wah – of the New Order period. It concludes that, although both the functionalization of Islam for the benefit of economic development and state involvement in religious beliefs and practices have been known in other countries, dakwah pembangunan was a unique, Indonesian phenomenon.
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Kellison, Rosemary. "Connections, Confusions, Colonialism and the Construction of Religion: Making Sense of Fitzgerald's Discourse on Civility and Barbarity." Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 21, no. 3 (2009): 361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006809x460365.
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AbstractTimothy Fitzgerald's recent Discourse on Civility and Barbarity, represents an important development in his work. In this book he attempts to introduce a new argument into his overall project, illustrating a connection between the invention of “religion” that he has described elsewhere and a particular (English) colonial discourse. This essay argues that while Fitzgerald's argument shows promise, he has not yet fully succeeded in making this connection explicit. Confusion over his accounts of Locke's colonial interests, as well as the supposed universality of the discourse of civility and barbarity, indicate that Fitzgerald has more work to do.
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Siklós, Bulcsu I. "The Tibetan verb: tense and nonsense." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 49, no. 2 (June 1986): 304–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00024198.
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Written Tibetan (WT) is unusual among Sino-Tibetan (ST) languages in possessing a relatively complex verb morphology which contains—apart from distinctive ‘prefixes' for intransitive/transitive verb pairs, a phenomenon found elsewhere in ST—prefixes and suffixes for certain tenses as well as a morphologically significant ablaut system, none of which can be found, or at least, none of which are common in other ST languages. The simplest ways of dealing with the problem of the origin and development of this system in the light of comparative ST researches are, firstly, ignoring it, and secondly, coming up withad hoctheories about its independent development, thereby not affecting the apparently stable edifice of ST in any way.
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Darwen, Lewis. "Workhouse Populations of the Preston Union, 1841–61." Local Population Studies, no. 93 (December 31, 2014): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35488/lps93.2014.33.
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The census enumerators' books (CEBs) have provided fertile ground for studies of workhouse populations in recent years, though it has been acknowledged that work remains to be done on different regions and periods to develop our understanding of these institutions and the paupers who resided therein. This article will examine the indoor pauper populations of the Preston union, in Lancashire, over three census years from 1841. The region, which is notable for a protracted campaign of resistance to the New Poor Law and its associated workhouse system, has been previously neglected in studies of workhouse populations focusing on the decades immediately after the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834. It will be shown that the profile of the union's workhouse populations broadly mirrors those found elsewhere at the aggregate level, but that important variations reflected local and central policy. A high concentration of able-bodied paupers—in particular—seems to indicate ideas governing local policy which were not carried out elsewhere.
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Harris, J. Robin. "Negative Staining: Historical Background and Technical Development." Microscopy Today 5, no. 2 (March 1997): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500060077.
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There is a considerable body of information of a technical and review nature on negative staining elsewhere in the literature (Bremner et al., 1992; Harris and Home, 1991, 1994; Hayatand Miller, 1990; Holzenburg, 1988; Home, 1991; Nermut, 1991; Spiess et al., 1987; Valentine and Home, 1962); therefore, I shall attempt to avoid undue repetition and present the current laboratory approaches with which I am personally familiar and have achieved some technical success. After considering the range of procedures necessary for the production of carbon and carbon-plastic support films (sometimes termed substrates) emphasis will be placed upon the droplet negative staining technique (Harris and Agutter, 1970; Harris and Horne, 1991). I was introduced to this approach by Ennio Lucio Benedetti in his laboratory, at the start of my doctoral studies in 1966 (Anderson, 1966; Benedetti and Emmelot, 1965,1968) and with minor variations it is still useful for many biological applications.
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Connolly, PhD, LRT/CTRS, Peg, Jennifer L. Hinton, PhD, LRT/CTRS, and Bruce Martin, PhD. "The development of technical standards for undergraduate studies in recreational therapy." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 8, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2009.0019.
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The purpose of this article is to present a set of technical standards for recreational therapy professional preparation programs at the baccalaureate level. Technical standards are incorporated into the majority of healthcare professions education programs. Even though recreational therapy is classified as a healthcare profession, technical standards have not been developed for the field. A preliminary set of technical standards for an undergraduate degree program in recreational therapy was developed for a university in the southeastern region of the United States, based on review of technical standards from other fields. Information is provided about policies governing the implementation of these technical standards along with a review of issues relevant to application of technical standards to students with disabilities. Further research is suggested.
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Verde Selva, Gracie, Natasha Pauli, Julian Clifton, and Milena Kiatkoski Kim. "A Framework for Analysing Ecological Fiscal Transfers: Case Studies from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest." Journal of Latin American Studies 53, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 269–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x21000018.
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AbstractThis article proposes a framework for evaluating the development and evolution of economic instruments for environmental conservation through the examination of their design and the interactional and structural aspects of their implementation. The framework is applied to comparatively describe the historical evolution of the world's longest-running ecological fiscal transfer (EFT) scheme in two Brazilian sites. Results show that while legislative aspects of programme design, such as linkages and flexibility, are crucial for performance, interactional and structural characteristics during implementation, such as capacity, knowledge-sharing and transparency, can be determining factors in how the programme functions at the municipal level. Policy recommendations are provided for the development of this type of programme elsewhere. Results contribute towards the conceptual understanding of EFTs, an under-utilised mechanism with great potential for a role in conservation policy mixes.
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Seker, Abdulkadir, Banu Diri, Halil Arslan, and Mehmet Fatih Amasyalı. "Open Source Software Development Challenges." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 11, no. 4 (October 2020): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijossp.2020100101.
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GitHub is the most common code hosting and repository service for open-source software (OSS) projects. Thanks to the great variety of features, researchers benefit from GitHub to solve a wide range of OSS development challenges. In this context, the authors thought that was important to conduct a literature review on studies that used GitHub data. To reach these studies, they conducted this literature review based on a GitHub dataset source study instead of a keyword-based search in digital libraries. Since GHTorrent is the most widely known GitHub dataset according to the literature, they considered the studies that cite this dataset for the systematic literature review. In this study, they reviewed the selected 172 studies according to some criteria that used the dataset as a data source. They classified them within the scope of OSS development challenges thanks to the information they extract from the metadata of studies. They put forward some issues about the dataset and they offered the focused and attention-grabbing fields and open challenges that we encourage the researchers to study on them.
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Korsun, I. V. "Contribution of Ukrainian Scientists to the Development of Optics." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 63, no. 10 (October 31, 2018): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe63.10.943.
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The contribution of Ukrainian scientists to the development of optics as a science, in particular, within the Soviet period, has been analyzed. World’s priority for some of those studies is demonstrated. The attention is drawn to the pedagogical and educational activities of Ukrainian scientists. The material is classified according to the optics domains.
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Mao, Jingqiu, Annmarie Carlton, Ronald C. Cohen, William H. Brune, Steven S. Brown, Glenn M. Wolfe, Jose L. Jimenez, et al. "Southeast Atmosphere Studies: learning from model-observation syntheses." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 4 (February 22, 2018): 2615–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2615-2018.
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Abstract. Concentrations of atmospheric trace species in the United States have changed dramatically over the past several decades in response to pollution control strategies, shifts in domestic energy policy and economics, and economic development (and resulting emission changes) elsewhere in the world. Reliable projections of the future atmosphere require models to not only accurately describe current atmospheric concentrations, but to do so by representing chemical, physical and biological processes with conceptual and quantitative fidelity. Only through incorporation of the processes controlling emissions and chemical mechanisms that represent the key transformations among reactive molecules can models reliably project the impacts of future policy, energy and climate scenarios. Efforts to properly identify and implement the fundamental and controlling mechanisms in atmospheric models benefit from intensive observation periods, during which collocated measurements of diverse, speciated chemicals in both the gas and condensed phases are obtained. The Southeast Atmosphere Studies (SAS, including SENEX, SOAS, NOMADSS and SEAC4RS) conducted during the summer of 2013 provided an unprecedented opportunity for the atmospheric modeling community to come together to evaluate, diagnose and improve the representation of fundamental climate and air quality processes in models of varying temporal and spatial scales.This paper is aimed at discussing progress in evaluating, diagnosing and improving air quality and climate modeling using comparisons to SAS observations as a guide to thinking about improvements to mechanisms and parameterizations in models. The effort focused primarily on model representation of fundamental atmospheric processes that are essential to the formation of ozone, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and other trace species in the troposphere, with the ultimate goal of understanding the radiative impacts of these species in the southeast and elsewhere. Here we address questions surrounding four key themes: gas-phase chemistry, aerosol chemistry, regional climate and chemistry interactions, and natural and anthropogenic emissions. We expect this review to serve as a guidance for future modeling efforts.
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Moran, Albert. "The International Face of Australian Television." Media International Australia 121, no. 1 (November 2006): 174–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0612100119.
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Australian television has always been part of an international cultural system. Programming, personnel, material resources, ideas and knowledge are among the elements that, historically, have moved between an audiovisual space, both here and elsewhere. Media executive Reg Grundy has been an important figure in this system. Over nearly 40 years, he built a television empire of considerable international significance. After sketching out this career, the article proceeds to outlines three moments in his company's development. The first occurred in the 1960s and early 1970s when it imported and remade many successful television game shows from the United States. A second occasion occurred in the mid-1970s when Reg Grundy Enterprises imported a small team from the United Kingdom who were highly experienced in the production of daily drama serials. The third moment happened in the very early 1990s, when Grundy World Wide began adapting drama serials that it had originally devised and produced in Australia to be remade elsewhere. These three occasions were important points where the national met the international. Collectively, they highlight not only the outwardlooking dimension of Australian television, but the need for home-based media historians to make such a perception central to their investigations of a pre ‘media globalisation’ past.
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Altor, Anne. "Green Roofing in Indiana: Case Studies and Design Notes." Journal of Green Building 5, no. 3 (August 1, 2010): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.5.3.50.
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Green roof technology and implementation are taking root in North America at an accelerating pace. Growing recognition of the benefits of green roofs and increasing interest in green infrastructure are leading to expansion of green roof technologies that have been in use for decades in Europe and elsewhere. While some regions have adopted the use of green roofs on a large scale, other areas are warming up to the concept more slowly. Large-scale implementation of green roofs has not yet occurred in Indiana, but a number of exemplary projects have been constructed, and there are signs that interest in the technology is increasing in the state. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of green roof technology, analyze selected green roofs in Indiana, explore trends in the state, and address issues for future development of green roof technology in the region. A variety of green roofs were investigated throughout the state. Discussions were held with individuals involved in each project to obtain technical and logistical details of green roof design, installation, and performance.
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Fleming, J. M., and J. Strong. "The Development of Insight following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Three Case Studies." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 60, no. 7 (July 1997): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269706000703.
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A longitudinal study of 55 adults with severe traumatic brain injury was conducted to investigate the development of self-awareness, emotional distress and motivation during the first year after injury. Cluster analysis was performed on data gathered at one year post-Injury. Three clusters labelled ‘high self-awareness’, ‘low self-awareness’ and ‘good recovery’ were retrieved. A case study is presented from each cluster, contrasting the stages in the development of self-awareness of deficits over the year. This research suggests that clients with acquired brain injury can be classified on the basis of level of self-awareness. Issues for the rehabilitation of and occupational therapy with clients from the three groups are raised.
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Lynch, Lisa. "The Neo/Bio/Colonial Hot Zone." International Journal of Cultural Studies 1, no. 2 (August 1998): 233–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13678779980010020501.
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This article explores the proliferation of nonfiction narratives which warn of an impending global pandemic of African origin. Through a reading of four texts — Richard Preston's The Hot Zone, Laurie Garrett's The Coming Plague, Richard Kaplan's The Ends of the Earth, and Jeffrey Goldberg's ‘Our Africa Problem’ — the author argues that such pandemic narratives reflect unease about the United States' current and future role in Africa or other non-Western places, after a half-century of largely unsuccessful ‘development’. Second, plague tales reflect anxieties about environmental devastation in Africa and elsewhere. The article concludes that the most frightening aspect of these contemporary ‘plague tales' is the solutions they suggest to the ‘problem’ of a coming plague.
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Weickhardt, George G. "The Pre-Petrine Law of Property." Slavic Review 52, no. 4 (1993): 663–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2499646.
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The development or lack of development of private property rights in Russia commands interest and significance far beyond the narrow confines of legal history. The institution of private property serves not only as a bulwark of stability but also as a limit to the state's authority. In the words of Richard Pipes, “Ownership of property creates a commitment to the political and legal order since the latter guarantees property rights: it makes the citizen into a co-sovereign, as it were.” Elsewhere Pipes notes that in the west private property “confronted royal power with effective limits to its authority.”
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Circo, Razvan, Marian Beciu, Doina Raducan, and Victoria Badea. "ANTITHYROID ANTIBODIES - A POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS." Romanian Medical Journal 68, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2021.2.23.
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Objectives. Identification of periodontal lesions in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT) assessed differently depending on their severity and the average serum level of thyroid autoantibodies. Material and methods. The study was initiated in a group of patients (n = 133) diagnosed with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in conditions of normal thyroid function and without other comorbidities. Examination of the oral cavity identified lesions characteristic of chronic periodontitis (CP) classified according to their intensity in - mild, medium and aggravated in a group of 109 patients. The serum level of thyroid autoantibodies – as a mean value – was analyzed in a group of 77 patients with similar periodontal lesions related to their classification. Results. Characteristic ethological changes of chronic periodontitis were identified in 85% of patients being classified as: mild (40.2%), medium (31.9%), aggravated (28.5%). Thyroid autoantibodies were present: 62.3% for antithyroperoxidase antibodies (ATPO), 23.8% for both ATPO and antithyroglobulin antibodies (ATG); 13.7% for ATG. The differentiated statistical calculation of the average values of antibodies found for ATPO presented a high statistical significance (p < 0.0002) for spontaneous bleeding, all degrees of tooth mobility, depth of periodontal pockets, root fork and dental occlusion. No statistical significance was found for ATPO in bacterial plaque and gingival regression. No statistical significance was recorded for the mean level of ATG. Conclusions. The correlation of the serum level of thyroid autoantibodies with the specificity of periodontal lesions certify a possible differentiated involvement of them. For ATPO, extra-thyroid systemic effects can be suggested as a priority.
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Canen, Nathan, and Leonard Wantchekon. "Political Distortions, State Capture, and Economic Development in Africa." Journal of Economic Perspectives 36, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 101–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.36.1.101.
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This article studies the role of political distortions in driving economic growth and development in Africa. We first discuss how existing theories based on long-run structural factors (e.g., pre-colonial and colonial institutions, or ethnic diversity) may not capture new data patterns in the region, including changes to political regimes, growth patterns, and their variation across regions with similar historical experiences. We then argue that a framework focused on political distortions (i.e., how political incentives impact resource allocation and economic outcomes) may have multiple benefits: it encapsulates many distortions observed in practice, including patronage, variations in contract enforcement and the role of political connections in firm outcomes; it unifies results in Africa and elsewhere; and it leaves a wide scope for policy analysis. We conclude by overviewing reforms that may curb such distortions, including changes to campaign financing rules, bureaucratic reform, free trade agreements, and technology.
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Kuruvilla, Samuel J. "Theologies of Liberation in Latin America and Palestine-Israel in Comparative Perspective: Contextual Differences and Practical Similarities." Holy Land Studies 9, no. 1 (May 2010): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/hls.2010.0003.
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This article concerns the development of a theology of Christian liberation and contextual polity from its early origins in Latin America to one of its present manifestations as part of the Palestinian people's struggle for justice and freedom from the state of Israel. This article will be primarily dedicated to a historical and political analysis of the theological context, which includes three different strands. First, there was the development of theologies of liberation, as they are made manifest in Latin America and elsewhere. Next, there was the theology of other Palestinian Christians, and particularly that of the Al-Liqa group that contributed to the development of a contextual Palestinian theology of liberation within the ‘occupied’ context that is Palestine today. And finally there was the case of Palestinian Protestant Christian theologians such as the Rev. Dr Naim Ateek and the Rev. Dr Mitri Raheb who have raised definitional issues regarding liberation theology and Palestinian contextual Christianity.
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Annen, Beat. "Urner Wald – Grundlage für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung (Essay)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 164, no. 8 (August 1, 2013): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2013.0220.
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The forests of the canton of Uri: the foundation of sustainable development (essay) The canton of Uri is characterised by extreme topography: steep slopes and narrow valleys. Limited space is a major challenge for the development of the canton. Prudent management of this mountainous area is necessary to ensure a safe and attractive environment. In this situation, the forest, or to be more precise, the management of the forest, plays a key role. Most of the forest area is classified as protection forest, which is an essential condition to guarantee safety. The overriding management objective for the protective forest is sustainability. The existence of the forest in all its forms is the necessary condition also for biodiversity and landscape beauty. There is strong demand for land on the valley floor, where the main challenge is to protect the few remaining forest areas. Elsewhere however, the forest is expanding and measures must be taken to stop it taking over completely. Forest operations have consequences beyond the forest borders. For these reasons, sustainable management of the forest resource is the foundation of sustainable development of the mountainous canton of Uri.
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Ross, PM. "Differences in morphology and reproduction of the barnacles Elminius covertus and Hexaminius spp. from mangrove forests in the Sydney region of New South Wales." Marine and Freshwater Research 47, no. 5 (1996): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9960715.
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E. covertus is found on bark and leaves of the grey mangrove Avicennia marina, H. foliorum is found on leaves and H. popeiana is found on bark. 7655 barnacles were collected from two sites at Woolooware Bay from winter 1987 to summer 1989. Reproductive and external features in E. covertus differed depending on the substratum on which it lived; reproductive output was greater on leaves than on bark. The genus Hexaminius has been classified elsewhere as two species on the basis of external features and reproductive differences of adults, larval development and larval setation; however, the adults were living on different substrata. A detailed study of larval and juvenile stages of Hexaminius in the field showed no differences in external features until juveniles were one month old and no differences in the time taken to rear cyprid larvae. This suggests that Hexaminius should not continue to be divided into two species.
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Binns, Tony, and Jerram Bateman. "‘Resilience without development’ in a remote rural West African community: the case of Kayima, Sierra Leone." Journal of Modern African Studies 60, no. 3 (September 2022): 297–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x22000179.
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AbstractRelatively few longitudinal studies have been undertaken of change and development among rural communities in Africa. Drawing on field-based research conducted over almost five decades, the article examines the shocks and adaptive strategies experienced in the remote rural community of Kayima in north-eastern Sierra Leone. In coping with both external and internal shocks and displaying a remarkable level of resilience, there has however been very little improvement in community livelihoods, and it is suggested that it is a case of ‘resilience without development’. It is likely that the findings of the study could have wider relevance among rural communities elsewhere in Africa.