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1
Jiao, Bingqi, Zhicheng Xu, Kuan Zheng, Xiaoqing Yan, and Junshu Feng. "Evaluation method of clean power grid development mode." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123602002.
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In response to the climate change, it has been becoming the consensus of most countries in the world to accelerate the development of a high proportion of clean energy. The power grid is the core to support the development of a high proportion of clean energy, and the key is to accelerate the construction of clean power grids. This paper focuses on the main characteristics of clean power grid construction, and proposes a set of clean power grid development evaluation indicators including 5 first-level indicators and 19 second-level indicators and an analysis method based on radar charts. Taking China Power Grid as an example, this paper analyzes in detail the characteristics of the medium and long-term development mode of clean power grids and the relative change trends of specific indicators, and discusses the key links and potential problems that need attention in the development of clean power grids.
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Nagasaka, Ken. "Development and Current State of Smart Grids: A Review." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 21, no. 1 (January 20, 2017): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2017.p0049.
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Smart grids are an important component of the modernization of the power industry worldwide. Many researchers have contributed to their development. At this point, reflection on whether smart grids are being used as was expected and where further investigation is necessary to make them more applicable to the future power industry is warranted. The aim of this paper is to introduce the state of research and path of development of smart grids worldwide. In this investigation, the primary objectives of smart grids, from their inception to the present with changes along the way, are also presented. In addition, difficulties and barriers in their development and implementation and whether these issues are being solved are discussed. Finally, the future and accompanying challenges of smart grids are presented. It should be noted that the current state and development of smart grids is a very deep topic, and it is not possible to mention all the relevant points in a single article. The present review paper attempts to address a limited portion of these to provide an essential understanding of smart grids. Regarding the communication base of a smart grid, only smart meters, some developed communication techniques and smart grid models are presented.
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Gea-Bermúdez, Juan, Lena Kitzing, Matti Koivisto, Kaushik Das, Juan Pablo Murcia León, and Poul Sørensen. "The Value of Sector Coupling for the Development of Offshore Power Grids." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 20, 2022): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030747.
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Offshore grids can play key roles in the transition of energy systems toward sustainability. Although they require extensive infrastructure investments, they allow for the exploitation of additional resources and may be important in providing for part of the increasing electricity demands driven by sector coupling. This paper quantifies the socioeconomic value of offshore grids and identifies their major drivers, performing energy system optimization in a model application of the northern–central European energy system and the North Sea offshore grid towards 2050. The increasing wake loss with the sizes of hub-connected wind farms is integrated in the modeling. We find that without sector coupling no offshore grid may develop, and that the higher the level of sector coupling, the higher the value of offshore grids. Therefore, it can be strongly stated that offshore grid infrastructure development should not be discussed as a separate political topic, but seen in connection to sector coupling.
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Meinecke, Steffen, Leon Thurner, and Martin Braun. "Review of Steady-State Electric Power Distribution System Datasets." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 15, 2020): 4826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184826.
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Publicly available grid datasets with electric steady-state equivalent circuit models are crucial for the development and comparison of a variety of power system simulation tools and algorithms. Such algorithms are essential to analyze and improve the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in electrical power systems. Increased penetration of DERs, new technologies, and changing regulatory frameworks require the continuous development of the grid infrastructure. As a result, the number and versatility of grid datasets, which are required in power system research, increases. Furthermore, the used grids are created by different methods and intentions. This paper gives orientation within these developments: First, a concise overview of well-known, publicly available grid datasets is provided. Second, background information on the compilation of the grid datasets, including different methods, intentions and data origins, is reviewed and characterized. Third, common terms to describe electric steady-state distribution grids, such as representative grid or benchmark grid, are assembled and reviewed. Recommendations for the use of these grid terms are made.
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Stognii, B. S., O. V. Kyrylenko, V. V. Pavlovsky, M. F. Sopel, A. O. Steliuk, and L. M. Lukianenko. "Development of Emergency System of Power Grids with a Significant Renewable Generation." Science and innovation 12, no. 4 (September 21, 2016): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/scine12.04.022.
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Olajuyin, E. A., and Olubakinde Eniola. "MICROGRID IN POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i8.2019.687.
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Power is a very important instrument to the development of economy of a nation and it must be stable and available and to meet the demand of the consumers at all times. The quest for power supply has introduced a new technology called microgrid. Micro grids are regarded as small power systems that confine electric energy generating facilities, from both renewable energy sources and conventional synchronous.
Generators, and customer loads with respect to produced electric energy. It can be connected to grid or operate in islanding mode. On the other hand, the grid’s dynamics and its stability rely on the amount of stored energy in the micro grid. In a conventional power system with a large number of synchronous generators as the main sources of energy, the mechanical energy in the generators’ rotors, in the form of kinetic energy, serves as the stored energy and feeds the grids in the event of any drastic load changes or if disturbances occur. Microgrid is an alternative idea to support the grid, it can be applied in a street, estates, community or a locality (towns and villages), organizations and establishments. Load forecasting can be further extended to Organizations, Local Government, State and country to determine the energy consumption.
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Salkuti, Surender Reddy. "Challenges, issues and opportunities for the development of smart grid." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1179-1186.
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The development smart grids have made the power systems planning and operation more efficient by the application of renewable energy resources, electric vehicles, two-way communication, self-healing, consumer engagement, distribution intelligence, etc. The objective of this paper is to present a detailed comprehensive review of challenges, issues and opportunities for the development of smart grid. Smart grids are transforming the traditional way of meeting the electricity demand and providing the way towards an environmentally friendly, reliable and resilient power grid. This paper presents various challenges of smart grid development including interoperability, network communications, demand response, energy storage and distribution grid management. This paper also reviews various issues associated with the development of smart grid. Local, regional, national and global opportunities for the development of smart grid are also reported in this paper.
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An, Lei, Xinyi Lan, Mianbin Wang, and Jinchao Li. "Research on power grid effective assets input-output evaluation based on super-efficient DEA model." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 01054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911801054.
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With the deepening of power system reform, the precise investment and lean development of power grids have become the focus of power grid enterprises. It is of great significance to carry out evaluation research on the efficiency of input and output of effective assets of power grids. Based on the analysis of the status quo of effective asset evaluation in China’s power grid, this paper combines the model of super-efficient DEA with the analysis of effective asset output efficiency of power grid to construct an evaluation system of effective asset input and output efficiency of power grids, and takes the national power grid as an example for calculation and analysis. This paper objectively evaluates the internal and external factors affecting the efficiency of the effective assets of the grid, and provides quantitative analysis support for the effective asset investment decision of the grid.
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Huang, Yuansheng, Lei Yang, Shijian Liu, and Guangli Wang. "Cooperation between Two Micro-Grids Considering Power Exchange: An Optimal Sizing Approach Based on Collaborative Operation." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (November 14, 2018): 4198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114198.
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Optimal sizing of single micro-grid faces problems such as high life cycle cost, low self-consumption of power generated by renewable energy, and disturbances of intermittent renewable energy. Interconnecting single micro-grids as a cooperative system to reach a proper size of renewable energy generations and batteries is a credible method to promote performance in reliability and economy. However, to guarantee the optimal collaborative sizing of two micro-grids is a challenging task, particularly with power exchange. In this paper, the optimal sizing of economic and collaborative for two micro-grids and the tie line is modelled as a unit commitment problem to express the influence of power exchange between micro-grids on each life cycle cost, meanwhile guaranteeing certain degree of power supply reliability, which is calculated by Loss of Power Supply Probability in the simulation. A specified collaborative operation of power exchange between two micro-grids is constructed as the scheduling scheme to optimize the life cycle cost of two micro-grids using genetic algorithm. The case study verifies the validity of the method proposed and reveal the advantages of power exchange in the two micro-grids system. The results demonstrate that the proposed optimal sizing means based on collaborative operation can minimize the life cycle cost of two micro-grids respectively considering different renewable energy sources. Compared to the sizing of single micro-grid, the suggested method can not only improve the economic performance for each micro-grid but also form a strong support between interconnected micro-grids. In addition, a proper price of power exchanges will balance the cost saving between micro-grids, making the corresponding stake-holders prefer to be interconnected.
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Srikanth, T., A. S. Kannan, and B. M. Chandra. "Power Quality Enhancement with Involvement of RES and Power Converters in Micro Grids using Metaheuristic Algorithms: A Literature Review." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 9, no. 2 (May 30, 2021): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2020.9.2.2553.
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Micro Grids are going to replace the traditional concept of electrical networks in order to satisfy the increasing needs in terms of flexibility, accessibility, reliability, and quality of the power supply. Economy and energy efficiency are the paradigms followed to exploit the available distributed energy resources (DERs), guaranteeing technical and environment-friendly standards. Obviously, the path to Micro Grids is complicated by the increasing heterogeneity of Micro Grid components, such as renewable, storage systems, fossil- fueled generators, and controllable loads [1]. Fortunately, the synergic interaction between DERs and information and communication technologies (ICT) foster the coordination among different infrastructures, promoting the development of Smart Grids at both theoretical and practical levels. The major highlights of utilizing micro grid are the capacity to self-heal from power quality (PQ) issues, efficient energy management, incorporation of automation based on ICT and smart metering, integration of distributed power generation, renewable energy resources, and storage units [2]. The advantages contribute to maintain good PQ and to maintain the reliability. In this regard, the concept of micro grid is brought to the stage as one of the main building blocks of the future smart grids [3].
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Singh, Kshitij. "Management of Smart Grids: A Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 20, 2021): 1763–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36734.
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Electrical power grid has witnessed continuous changes over the past century but phenomenal developments are visible in the last two decades or so. The demand of 24x7x365 power supply, and development in socio-economic status of individuals and nations the demand of electrical power hence grid complexity is rising. Moreover shifting to renewables has opened a whole new can of worms. The conventional approach of grid management is unable to cater the needs of such a complex demand and supply needs. The present work is an approach addressing various modalities, modes of operation and management of smart grids. This includes demand side management in household and non-household scenarios, ICT and cyber security concerns.
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Wang, Xiao Lu, Hong Cai Dai, and Qiong Hui Li. "Research on Renewable Energy and its Coordinated Development with Smart Grid." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 4239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.4239.
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The modern power systems are typically characterized with renewable energies and smart grids. Their development should be in a coordinated manner. According to the structuring parts of power industry, such as generation, transmission, distribution, consumption and dispatching, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation system for renewable energy and smart grid coordinate development in "3 levels, 4 parts, 15 targets; put forward a quantitative evaluation method for coordination level between renewable energies and smart grids in China, using analytic hierarchy process, calculate the coordination level in total and for each part. The paper also presents the key fields and priorities for coordinated development.
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Zhang, Ting, Shuaishuai Cao, Lingying Pan, and Chenyu Zhou. "A Policy Effect Analysis of China’s Energy Storage Development Based on a Multi-Agent Evolutionary Game Model." Energies 13, no. 23 (November 29, 2020): 6293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236293.
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Energy storage technology plays a significant role in the pursuit of the high-quality development of the electricity market. Many regions in China have issued policies and regulations of different intensities for promoting the popularization of the energy storage industry. Based on a variety of initial conditions of different regions, this paper explores the evolutionary process of electricity market players considering energy storage technology. The trilateral evolutionary game model is adopted to analyze the strategies of the power plant, the power grid, and the government. After assigning the model according to an actual situation, each equilibrium point corresponds to a real electricity market situation. The results indicate the following: (1) In the process of stabilizing, the role of “Advanced Imitators” leading the strategy of building energy storage changes between the power plant and the power grid. (2) In Eastern, Middle, and Southern China, the power plants and power grids on a greater-than-medium scale will choose to build energy storage without governmental regulations, due to the abundant net profit. (3) In the northeast of China, power plants with a medium-or-lower scale will choose not to build energy storage because of the relatively low on-grid price, and small power grids can make enough profits by operating energy storage facilities. (4) In Northern China, the large power plants and the medium power grids will choose to build energy storage due to the high electricity sale price and the resulting high profit. (5) In Western China, the small power plants and power grids cannot afford to build energy storage due to the low electricity price. The results lead to valuable policy suggestions for the local governments of China in promoting energy storage in the future. To meet the goal of energy storage popularization, regional electricity market plans need relevant policies based on its existing conditions, offering suitable external conditions for adding energy storage.
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Mao, Yuyang, Xiaolong Wang, and Zhiqiang Wang. "Analysis of Wind Power Grid Connection Based on MATLAB." E3S Web of Conferences 267 (2021): 01050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126701050.
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As the proportion of new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics in the power system continues to increase, their volatility and intermittentness have also brought new challenges to the stable operation of the power grid. The impact of the decline in power quality caused by a large number of wind power grids has become increasingly significant. This article analyzes and summarizes the development, status quo of wind power and the current problems of a large number of wind power grid connections. First, it briefly describes the history of wind power and the current development of wind power, and uses MATLAB to establish models of variable speed wind turbines connected to the grid. The models are used to analyze the output characteristics of wind turbines under normal operating conditions and faulty operating conditions. Finally, the impact of a large number of wind power grids on the power system is studied.
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Markakis, Evangelos K., Yannis Nikoloudakis, Kalliopi Lapidaki, Konstantinos Fiorentzis, and Emmanuel Karapidakis. "Unification of Edge Energy Grids for Empowering Small Energy Producers." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 29, 2021): 8487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158487.
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The current energy landscape is largely comprised of big stakeholders, who are often the monopolistic drivers of their local market. This fact does not leave any room for smaller players to participate in this procedure by contributing their part in the energy pool. Moreover, the dynamic demand for power along with the current power production rate are not corelated, rendering the power distribution grid, a best effort network, prone to power failures, due to the inevitable irregularities in demand. This paper introduces a novel concept that allows small energy producers, such as solar panel grids, to offer their production excess through an intelligent energy brokerage blockchain-based framework. The proposed framework ingests the vast amounts of bigdata stemming from the distributed smart energy grids smart metering and allows for automatic commercial transactions of power between the participants of a dedicated marketplace. Values dynamically fluctuate depending on the real-time offer and demand and the grid’s state. Thus, all partaking stakeholders are able to take the most out of their product by leveraging the intelligence provided by the energy marketplace, and contribute to the overall stabilization of the energy grid.
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Cui, Hong Yan. "The Development of the Wind Power Industry in Western Jilin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.286.
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Wind power is very important for low carbon energy strategy. Baicheng city has rich wind energy resources as the regional energy base of national key planning in western Jilin. This paper first analyzes the development situation of the wind power industry in Baicheng. Secondly the main problems of the wind power industry are analyzed, mainly including Lack of comprehensive planning for wind power development, high wind power capacity but low grid electricity, serious phenomenon of abandoning the wind power, lagging supporting power grid construction, and depression of the wind power industry. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward , including to unify thought and plan overall, to make policy of wind power development, to develop new ways to wind power used, to construct smart power grids and to promote the comprehensive development of wind power industry.
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Xu, Chao, Di Huang, Zhe Chen, Dong Peng, Lang Zhao, and Tianqi Zhang. "Application of Matter Element Analysis in Power Grid Development Diagnosis." E3S Web of Conferences 267 (2021): 01052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126701052.
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The structure and form of modern power grids are becoming more and more complex, and there are many indicators and factors that need to be considered to evaluate the development status of the power grid. In order to diagnose the development level of power grid, the index system is reconstructed, which includes seven dimensions: the coordination of power grid development speed, the coordination of power grid development scale, the coordination of power grid structure, the security and reliability of power grid, the level of equipment, the utilization efficiency of power grid and the development benefit of power grid, the construction principle and index selection basis are given. When dealing with contradictory problems in reality, methods combining quantitative and qualitative can be applied to study. The matter element analysis method is applied to power grid development diagnosis, and a model of power grid development diagnosis based on matter element analysis is established, the model can not only diagnose the development level of power grid, but also determine the key factors that affect the diagnosis results, and give suggestions for improvement. The practical example verifies the feasibility and rationality of the method, which has good evaluation accuracy and prediction effect.
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Vakulenko, I., and S. Kolosok. "CONNECTIONS SMART GRIDS CONCEPT WITH UPDATES OF UKRAINIAN HEAT POWER." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 1 (2019): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2019.1-2.
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The article deals with the question of potential possibilities of using the smart grid concept in the heat power industry of Ukraine. The main obstacles that limit the development of smart grid in the heat and power complex of Ukraine are identified. Possible ways of development of the centralized system of heat supply of settlements on the basis of analogy with models of the district heat supply of the EU Member States are characterized. The factors identified as activation of which will facilitate the joint development of smart energy networks and the heat supply system in Ukraine. Key words: heat power, smart grids, models of district heating
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Bakhor, Zinoviy, Andriy Yatseiko, and Roman Ferensovych. "Multiplicity of overvoltages during arc single phase earth faults in 35 kV electrical grids." Energy engineering and control systems 7, no. 2 (2021): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jeecs2021.02.111.
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The arc overvoltages during the single phase to earth faults in electrical distribution grids of 6-35 kV are the object of the research in this paper. The development of 35 kV distribution electrical grids is accompanied by the construction of new overhead and cable power lines. It causes a change of the capacitive earth fault current in the grids and also affects the multiplicity of overvoltages in electrical distribution grids during the single phase to earth faults. The paper shows the research results of overvoltages during arc single phase to earth faults in 35 kV electrical grid with the different grounding modes of a grid neutral (an isolated neutral, a grounded neutral through an arc-quenching reactor, a grounded neutral through a resistor). The calculations were performed on the digital models of the investigation power grids. According to the research results, a mathematical model has been created, which allows obtaining the maximum expected multiplicity of overvoltages in 35 kV electrical grids during the single phase to earth faults. This allows making decisions about the optimal measures for the protection of an electrical equipment insulation taking into account expected values of overvoltages as early as at the stage of pre-design works for the development of such electrical grids.
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Deng, Jinyi, Chen Li, and Junfeng Gao. "A kind of DC fault current-limiter with instantaneous by-pass of current-limiting reactor." E3S Web of Conferences 256 (2021): 01028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125601028.
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With the rapid development of DC power grids, the protection of DC power grids is particularly important. Therefore, this paper proposes a kind of DC fault current-limiter with instantaneous by-pass of current-limiting reactance, analyses its working principle and theoretical calculations, and verifies the correctness of its principle through simulation experiments. At the same time, the experimental results show that the current-limiter proposed in this paper can not only instantaneously and greatly limit the fault current when a short-circuit fault occurs in the power grid, but not affect the normal operation of the power grid. A new device is provided for DC gird fault current-limiting protection.
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Sheryazov, Saken Koyshybaevich, Sultanbek Sansyzbaevich Issenov, Ruslan Maratbekovich Iskakov, and Argyn Bauyrzhanuly Kaidar. "Special Aspects of Using the Wind Power Plants In the Power Supply System." E3S Web of Conferences 288 (2021): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128801003.
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The paper describes special aspects of using the wind power plants (wind turbines) in the power grid. The paper provides the classification and schematic presentation of AC wind turbines, analyzes the role, place and performance of wind power plants in Smart Grid systems with a large share of renewable energy sources. The authors also reviews a detailed analysis of existing AC wind turbines in this paper. Recommendations are given for how to enhance the wind power plants in smart grids in terms of reliability, and introduce the hardware used in the generation, conversion and interface systems into the existing power grid. After the wind power plants had been put online, the relevance of the Smart Grid concept for existing power grids was obvious. The execution of such projects is assumed to be financially costly, requires careful study, and development of flexible algorithms, but in some cases this may be the only approach. The analysis of using wind turbines shows that the structural configuration of wind power plants can be based on the principles known in the power engineering. The approaches may differ, not fundamentally, but in engineering considerations. it is necessary to point out that the method of controlling dual-power machines is quite comprehensive so that their wide use will face operational problems caused by the lack of highly professional specialists in electric drives. Therefore, it seems advisable to use square-cage asynchronous generators in wide applications. The paper shows that as the renewable energy sources are largely used in power grids, there is an issue of maintaining the power generation at a required level considering the variability of incoming wind energy. This results in the malfunctions in the operation of relay protection devices and emergency control automatics (RP and ECA), and the complicated control. Also, the standards of the CIS countries and regulatory documents miss the requirements for the wind turbine protections, taking into account their specialty causing the inefficient standard protective logic, which does not work correctly in a number of abnormal and emergency operating modes, and especially Smart Grid in power grids.
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Chaves, Tiago Rabelo, Marcos Aurélio Izumida Martins, Kennedy Alves Martins, Amadeu Fernandes de Macedo, and Silvia de Francisci. "Application Study in the Field of Solutions for the Monitoring Distribution Transformers of the Overhead Power Grid." Energies 14, no. 19 (September 24, 2021): 6072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196072.
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This paper will present the development and application of overhead transformers of the distribution grid, as well as the different technologies used for the gathering of electrical quantities, in the field of a monitoring solution. The solution reports the values of the quantities and alarms of operation remotely and almost in real-time. The development of this solution seeks to provide an electrical grid with greater reliability, proposing the reduction of KPIs (Key Performance Indicator), such as SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index) and SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index), through more transparent monitoring of the behavior of the electrical distribution grid and its equipment. Through the research and development (R&D) project Urban Futurability, ENEL (Ente nazionale per l’energia elettrica) Distribution São Paulo seeks to apply the solution by implementing the concept of smart grids, an idea that has been growing each year by virtue of technological developments and the employment of new sensors in electrical distribution grids. Urban Futurability seeks to innovate the automation area, digital twin, and construction enhancement in the Vila Olímpia neighborhood of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Evlashin, S. A., V. E. Merzin, and I. L. Savelyev. "Development of smart electricity distribution networks." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 7, no. 2-1 (January 20, 2013): 274–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-68382.
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The Russian Federation has a unique geopolitical position. Large territorial coverage of the energy sector in the Russian Federation leads to the fact that most of the infrastructure and power grids located in sparsely populated areas, and in the case of failures, troubleshooting and taking measures to redistribute the load takes much time. This paper reviews recent technical advances of the “Smart Grid” intellectual network, which are actively being developed worldwide.
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Zhang, Yue, Chunsheng Wang, Yan Zhang, Jun Zhang, Xinyang Han, Xiaoling Jin, and Mingfeng Chen. "Analysis of Unbalanced and Inadequate Development of Power Grids." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 486 (July 10, 2019): 012140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/486/1/012140.
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Zhang, Hao, Shao Yu Tian, Zhong Jing Liu, and Fang Chen. "Power Planning Model of Microgrid Based on Minimizing the LCC Cost." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 2687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2687.
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The development of micro-grid technology provides power system a variety of forms, flexible ways of power supply schemes, but a lot of basic micro-grid operational problems are different from the traditional large power grids, which need to be studied specifically. This paper studies the power planning problem of micro-grid, namely to meets the system operational constraints, study how to optimize the micro-power configuration of micro-grid, so that the whole micro-grid life cycle cost is the smallest.
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Han, Qian, and Asifujiang Abudureyimu. "Opportunities and Challenges of Wind Power Generation in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 521 (February 2014): 850–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.521.850.
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China's wind power market development is set to continue its growth trend of 2011. The newly added installed capacity will be in the range of 15-18GW and is expected to reach approximately 18GW. By 2015, the installed wind power capacity will reach 100GW. The percentage of decentralized wind power will further increase, but large-scale development and land-based wind power development will still be the focus, while the ratio of decentralized wind power has the potential to reach a maximum of 30%. As power grid corporations continue to improve their ultra-high voltage power transmission lines, intelligent power grids and other infrastructure, the power grids' ability to absorb wind power electricity on a largescale, and the scale of cross-region wind power transmission will increase, with the wind power grid-connection rate also significantly increase. The wind power manufacturing industry has entered a low-profit era; competition will intensify, the market will become more mature, and wind power manufacturers will face greater market challenges. However, the wind power industry's maturity and lowering costs have enhanced wind power's competitiveness compared to traditional energy sources. Wind power has become a highstrength emerging power supply technology and its contribution to China's electricity mix will gradually increase.
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Chudinova, Lyudmila, Sergei Podkovalnikov, and Ivan Trofimov. "Multilateral cooperation for power interconnection in Northeast Asia." E3S Web of Conferences 27 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20182701001.
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Considered is experience of electric power integration in different parts of the world with emphasis on bilateral/multilateral interstate structures intended for promotion and development of interstate power grids. Analysed are Northeast Asian intergovernmental structures providing bilateral energy and power cooperation between Russia and other countries of the region. Multilateral cooperation in the field is just emerging, but should play a key role in promotion and development of Northeast Asian power grid.
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Zhao, Xiang Dong, Xin Zhao, Ming Jun Lv, Jian Guo Liu, Feng Zhen Liu, and Yan Hui Sun. "Summary of the Stability Chanllenges and Safe Operation of Power Systems in View of Dispatching." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 1588–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.1588.
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The Internet and the gradual implementation of the continuous power grid market in recent years make the power system more complex under different operating environment. Safe and stable operation of power grids have become increasingly important . With the rapidf development of the grid and constant innovation, safe and stable operation also has a new requirement , because the rapid development of the power system brings more This paper analyzes the causes of blackouts and reviews security of the power system stability problems related to measures on the security and stability of the power system operation .
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Hernández-Callejo, Luis. "A Comprehensive Review of Operation and Control, Maintenance and Lifespan Management, Grid Planning and Design, and Metering in Smart Grids." Energies 12, no. 9 (April 29, 2019): 1630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091630.
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New technological advances based on software, hardware and new materials must be implemented in smart grids. In addition, these advanced electrical grids must incorporate elements of artificial intelligence. Advances in software development must be complemented with the development of new hardware (power electronics and active distribution among others). The aforementioned must rely on the development of new materials and sensors, which should be integrated into the smart grid. Therefore, the four areas of research based on the technologies are: Operation and Control, Maintenance and Lifespan Management, Grid Planning and Design, and Metering. The review presents the algorithms, materials, devices and others paradigms applied to smart grids, classifying the works according to the four areas of research. This review has focused on the four fundamental pillars of smart grids, on the one hand, the need for more efficient operation and control, followed by advanced maintenance management, to continue planning and designing the new grids, and for conclude with the advanced measurement. As you will see in the article, new devices, new techniques, and future scenarios will make possible the transition from the current grid to the future smart grid.
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Wang, Qian Kun, and Li Ping Jiang. "Principles and Strategies for Promoting Coordinated Development of Wind Power and Power Grids in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 4244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.4244.
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Based on an analysis of the misunderstanding and problems concerning wind power development, this paper summarizes the experiences of coordinated development of wind power and power grids in typical countries, proposes the principles and strategies for the coordinated development of wind power and power grids in China. Technically, bidirectional friendly technologies should be deployed to ensure the security of power system. In regulatory term, a complete and standardized regulatory strategy is key to harmonious interaction among different stakeholders concerning wind development. Incentive policies should be comprehensive, foreseeable and sustainable. Related measures and suggestions for large scale development of wind power in China are put forward.
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Wintzek, Patrick, Shawki Alsayed Ali, Markus Zdrallek, Julian Monscheidt, Ben Gemsjäger, and Adam Slupinski. "Development of Planning and Operation Guidelines for Strategic Grid Planning of Urban Low-Voltage Grids with a New Supply Task." Electricity 2, no. 4 (December 16, 2021): 614–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electricity2040035.
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In contrast to rural distribution grids, which are mostly “feed-in oriented” in terms of electrical power, urban distribution grids are “load oriented”, as the number of customer connections and density of loads in urban areas is significantly higher than in rural areas. Taking into account the progressive electrification of the transport and heating sector, it is necessary to assess the required grid optimization or expansion measures from a conventional, as well as an innovative point of view. This is necessary in order to be able to contain the enormous investment volumes needed for transforming the energy system and aligning the infrastructures to their future requirements in time. Therefore, this article first explains the methodological approach of allocating scenarios of the development of electric mobility and heat pumps to analyzed grids. The article continues with describing which power values need to be applied and which conventional and innovative planning measures are available for avoiding voltage band violations and equipment overloads within the framework of strategic grid planning. Subsequently, the results of grid planning studies are outlined and evaluated with an assessment model that evaluates capital as well as operational costs. On this basis, planning and operation guidelines for urban low-voltage grids are derived. The main result is that low-voltage grids can accommodate charging infrastructure for electric mobility, as well as heat pumps to a certain degree. In addition, it is concluded that conventional planning measures are not completely avoidable, but can be partially avoided or deferred through dynamic load management.
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Al-Badi, Abdullah Hamed, Razzaqul Ahshan, Nasser Hosseinzadeh, Reza Ghorbani, and Eklas Hossain. "Survey of Smart Grid Concepts and Technological Demonstrations Worldwide Emphasizing on the Oman Perspective." Applied System Innovation 3, no. 1 (January 12, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi3010005.
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The Smart Grid (SG) is considered as an imminent future power network because of its fault identification and self-healing capabilities. Energy sustainability, renewable energy integration and an efficient control system are the key factors to be considered in developing SG system. Among various SG concepts, the term virtual power plant (VPP) integrates renewable energy to the grid and provides higher operational flexibility, but it requires extra capital costs for control system and software. The operational activities of a smart grid largely depend on the active customer demands. This paper defines and discusses various SG system concepts such as virtual power plant, and active demand in consumer networks, and also presents drivers and roadmaps for development of smart grids worldwide. Furthermore, this work provides an insight into present research and development on smart grids around the world, and sheds light on developing and establishing SG for the Sultanate of Oman.
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Malik, Om P. "Global Trends and Advances Towards a Smarter Grid and Smart Cities." Future Internet 12, no. 2 (February 14, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi12020037.
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Taking advantage of new developing technologies, power systems are being developed into smarter grids with the vision of becoming the next-generation electric grid for smart cities. Some of the emerging issues and challenges associated with the development of technologies for smarter grids and smart cities are highlighted in this special issue of the Future Internet journal.
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Huang, Meng Lan, and Yao Xian Li. "City Power Grid Planning and Coordination Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 214 (November 2012): 464–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.214.464.
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As the asset belongs to relations reasons, among China's urban power grid planning and municipal planning, lack of coordination, to some extent, restricted the construction and development of the urban grid, thus constraining the urban social and economic development. According to the characteristics of network planning and urban planning, both the coordinated planning processed. Design a set of network planning and urban planning the coordinated development of comprehensive evaluation index system, the combination of G1 method, entropy method, layer by layer Scatter comprehensive evaluation model, and five typical city grid with the city and coordinated planning empirical analysis and evaluation, to prove the accuracy of the evaluation model The city grid and urban planning, coordination mechanisms and evaluation model for the coordinated planning of China's urban power grids to provide a scientific basis for decision making.
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Soebagio, Atmonobudi, and Bambang Widodo. "Government Policy to Encourage Customers to Support Development of Renewable Energy in Indonesia – A Proposal." International Journal of Smart Grid and Sustainable Energy Technologies 1, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36040/ijsgset.v1i1.187.
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Indonesia is blessed with abundant renewable energy resources. Nevertheless, they have only been used to cover about 5% of the total national energy demand. To optimize their utilization, the government has to make and implement a policy that will encourage PLN costumers to help increase their on-grid power supply capacity. This policy will provide benefits for islands that are already equipped with PLN power grids. This paper uses Solar Power Plants and household costumers as models to calculate potential on-grid power increase which can be contributed by PLN costumers. A two-way power meter is used to replace the currently used one. This model will be applied to the conventional grid to demonstrate the compatibility that show how it is applicable even without upgrading the conventional grid to become smart grid system. The result shows that customers can participate significantly through the flow of their excess energy to grid.
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Denny, David. "Development of China's Electrical Power System." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 7, no. 5 (October 1989): 328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459878900700505.
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The downtrend in electrical output, 10-14% 1977-79 to 6% 1979-84, was reversed to 7.4% between 1980 and 1987 when 35,000 Mw of capacity was added, transmission networks were expanded and regional grids linked. Part of this success arose from policies that replaced a monolithic system of bureaucratic planning to involvement of local interests and decentralization. Chinese organizations have also been able to take advantage of foreign technology and investment. Nevertheless, industrial output only reached 75-80% of its potential due to inadequate electric power supply.
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Goia, Bianca, Tudor Cioara, and Ionut Anghel. "Virtual Power Plant Optimization in Smart Grids: A Narrative Review." Future Internet 14, no. 5 (April 21, 2022): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14050128.
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Virtual power plants (VPPs) are promising solutions to address the decarbonization and energy efficiency goals in the smart energy grid. They assume the coordination of local energy resources such as energy generation, storage, and consumption. They are used to tackle problems brought by the stochastic nature of renewable energy, lack of energy storage devices, or insufficient local energy flexibility on the demand side. VPP modeling, management, and optimization are open to research problems that should consider, on one side, the local constraints in the operation of the energy resources and power flows and the energy grid’s sustainability objectives on the other side. There are multiple goals to create a VPP, such as to deliver energy services on a market or to the grid operator, to operate a microgrid in autonomy decoupled from the main grid, or to sustain local energy communities. In this paper, we present the results of a narrative review carried out on the domain of VPP optimization for the local energy grid integration. We have defined a search strategy that considers highly rated international databases (i.e., Elsevier, IEEE, and MDPI) in a six-year timeframe and applied objective inclusion/exclusion criteria for selecting articles and publications for the review; 95 articles have been analyzed and classified according to their objectives and solutions proposed for optimizing VPP integration in smart grids. The results of the study show that VPP concepts and applications are well addressed in the research literature, however, there is still work to be done on: engaging prosumers and citizens in such a virtual organization, developing heuristics to consider a wider range of local and global constraints and non-energy vectors, and to decentralize and make transparent the services delivery and financial settlement towards community members. This study can help researchers to understand the current directions for VPP integration in smart grids. As a next step we plan to further analyze the open research directions related to this problem and target the development of innovative solutions to allow the integration of multi-energy assets and management of cross energy sector services in energy communities.
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Pront-van Bommel, Simone. "Smart Energy Grids within the Framework of the Third Energy Package." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 20, Issue 2 (April 1, 2011): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2011003.
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The installation, design and functional potential of energy distribution networks are expected to change dramatically over the next decade. This process is essential to meet the specific demands set by the European legislator. Power distribution and transmission systems are being transformed into smart grids. But what is a smart grid? There is no single conclusive definition of what constitutes a "smart grid". One of its major features involves the architecture of an intricately automated infrastructure to facilitate the envisaged renewable power distribution. The development of smart grids is subject to binding legal requirements as laid down in the Third Energy Directive. The aim of this article is to explore and describe some of the key features of smart grids, and to use this as an instrument of analysis to identify the demands of the European Energy Legislation with respect to smart grids more clearly. Still, a lot remains to be clarified. For instance, another major issue that deserves closer consideration concerns the interrelation with telecommunications and defining its legal aspects under new EU NRF legislation. This article's focus is restricted to an analysis of the legal and regulatory framework for the energy sector only.
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Nainar, Karthikeyan, Catalin Iosif Ciontea, Kamal Shahid, Florin Iov, Rasmus Løvenstein Olsen, Christine Schäler, and Hans-Peter Christian Schwefel. "Experimental Validation and Deployment of Observability Applications for Monitoring of Low-Voltage Distribution Grids." Sensors 21, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 5770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21175770.
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Future distribution grids will be subjected to fluctuations in voltages and power flows due to the presence of renewable sources with intermittent power generation. The advanced smart metering infrastructure (AMI) enables the distribution system operators (DSOs) to measure and analyze electrical quantities such as voltages, currents and power at each customer connection point. Various smart grid applications can make use of the AMI data either in offline or close to real-time mode to assess the grid voltage conditions and estimate losses in the lines/cables. The outputs of these applications can enable DSOs to take corrective action and make a proper plan for grid upgrades. In this paper, the process of development and deployment of applications for improving the observability of distributions grids is described, which consists of the novel deployment framework that encompasses the proposition of data collection, communication to the servers, data storage, and data visualization. This paper discussed the development of two observability applications for grid monitoring and loss calculation, their validation in a laboratory setup, and their field deployment. A representative distribution grid in Denmark is chosen for the study using an OPAL-RT real-time simulator. The results of the experimental studies show that the proposed applications have high accuracy in estimating grid voltage magnitudes and active energy losses. Further, the field deployment of the applications prove that DSOs can gain insightful information about their grids and use them for planning purposes.
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Duc. "RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ONLINE-REALTIME SUPERVISING SYSTEM FOR LOW VOLTAGE GRIDS." Journal of Military Science and Technology, no. 72A (May 10, 2021): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.72a.2021.30-38.
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This paper presents some results of fabrication and experiment of an online-realtime supervising system for low voltage grids. The experiment results show that, for the proposed system, important operating parameters of the low voltage grid such as voltage, current, power, temperatures of oil, cable are supervised and analyzed. Additionally, alarming messages are sent to operators immediately when there are abnormal phenomenon occurring at the grid. This proposed system can help improve reliability of electric supply and reduce SAIDI, SAIFI, as well as enhance safety of human being and equipment.
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Gao, Yong Xin. "Study on Effect of Micro-Power System Operation and Market Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 316-317 (April 2013): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.316-317.149.
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Micro-grid to facilitate a large number of distributed energy resources (DER) interconnection and access in the low voltage distribution system, provides a mechanism to take advantage of DER generating units, micro-grid profiles are described in the text and its development, micro-Islanding detection of grid management systems, micro-grid issues and micro-grids, market competitive issues. That urgency of micro-grid and Islanding detection methods, along with bidding in power market, the only generation involved in unilateral bidding mechanism and power side and the user side and participate in bilateral bidding mechanism.
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Arias-Londoño, Andrés, Oscar Danilo Montoya, and Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña. "A Chronological Literature Review of Electric Vehicle Interactions with Power Distribution Systems." Energies 13, no. 11 (June 11, 2020): 3016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13113016.
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In the last decade, the deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) has been largely promoted. This development has increased challenges in the power systems in the context of planning and operation due to the massive amount of recharge needed for EVs. Furthermore, EVs may also offer new opportunities and can be used to support the grid to provide auxiliary services. In this regard, and considering the research around EVs and power grids, this paper presents a chronological background review of EVs and their interactions with power systems, particularly electric distribution networks, considering publications from the IEEE Xplore database. The review is extended from 1973 to 2019 and is developed via systematic classification using key categories that describe the types of interactions between EVs and power grids. These interactions are in the framework of the power quality, study of scenarios, electricity markets, demand response, demand management, power system stability, Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) concept, and optimal location of battery swap and charging stations.
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Kazymov, Ivan M., Boris S. Kompaneets, and Oleg N. Drobyazko. "Development of a system for control of electric energy parameters in the distribution network." Transportation Systems and Technology 7, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst202172106-118.
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Background: The creation and distribution of technical means and complexes aimed at building effective control systems for electrical networks using information that can be collected by modern metering devices, as well as organizing work in an automated mode, is an urgent task at the present stage of development of the electric power industry in Russia and in the world.
Aim: The research presented in this article is aimed at creating an effective system for monitoring the parameters of electrical energy in distribution networks of low and medium voltage levels.
Methods: The study was carried out using the theoretical foundations and basic laws of electrical engineering, as well as methods of computer modeling and CAD.
Results: A description of the developed system is given, the applicability of its use is graphically shown and substantiated in writing, the possibilities and prospects of application are indicated, and recommendations for practical application are given.
Conclusion: The results obtained can be used by power grid companies to analyze the state and efficiency of power grids, and may also be of interest to researchers working on the creation of digital twins of power grids.
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Liu, Fuyan, Min Yu, Xiaohui Li, Jinpeng Liu, and Xiaoyan Yu. "Research on Evaluation of Input and Output of Physical Assets of Power Grid Enterprises Based on DEA Theory." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 03062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125303062.
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With the continuous and rapid development of the national economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the construction of regional power grids is gradually increasing, and the corresponding investment will also increase. If the scale of investment is too small or lagging, it will inevitably fail to meet the requirements of economic and social development and load growth. It will also affect the long-term development of the enterprise and fail to achieve the expected investment benefits. However, if the scale of investment is too large or too advanced, it will inevitably cause waste of funds and excess resources, and will also cause business pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out input-output efficiency evaluation research on regional power grids to determine whether the scale of power grid construction is appropriate and whether the input and output match. Therefore, this paper uses the DEA input-output theory, combined with the analysis of the actual asset investment objectives of power grid companies, to build a comprehensive input-output evaluation system, and optimally conduct empirical analysis based on the actual data of various units in a certain area, which can provide support and guide.
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Dongwu, Zhangtao, Chenxiaojin, Zhuhailong, and Pengdili. "Research on the Application of 5G Network Slicing in Smart Grid." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2078, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2078/1/012077.
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Abstract With the continuous construction and development of domestic power grids, the state has put forward many effective strategies to achieve the effectiveness and durability of energy supply, in order to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and the construction of smart grids. One of the most important components of the smart grid is various communication technologies. 5G network slicing is a typical application of the smart grid, because the wide-area distributed grid has greater requirements for low latency, high reliability and security. And 5G network slicing has the ability to meet its requirements. This paper analyzes the principle of 5G network slicing, analyzes the end-to-end isolation scheme of network slicing and the current smart grid slicing business model and existing problems, and proposes an effective solution for building a smart 5G slicing network.
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Chassin, David P., Jason C. Fuller, and Ned Djilali. "GridLAB-D: An Agent-Based Simulation Framework for Smart Grids." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/492320.
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Simulation of smart grid technologies requires a fundamentally new approach to integrated modeling of power systems, energy markets, building technologies, and the plethora of other resources and assets that are becoming part of modern electricity production, delivery, and consumption systems. As a result, the US Department of Energy’s Office of Electricity commissioned the development of a new type of power system simulation tool called GridLAB-D that uses an agent-based approach to simulating smart grids. This paper presents the numerical methods and approach to time-series simulation used by GridLAB-D and reviews applications in power system studies, market design, building control system design, and integration of wind power in a smart grid.
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Bliznyuk, Dmitry I., and Alexandra I. Khalyasmaa. "Possibility of Four-Phase Grids Application in Russian Power System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 1206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.1206.
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This paper is devoted to four-phase electrical grids of high and extra-high voltage, principles of its formation and its possible operation and maintenance in united power system of Russia. Development of new simulation model of four-phase power grid for further realization in software is under consideration. Special attention is given to compliance with present both technical and economical requirements of this model in Russian Federation. Economic analysis of four-phase power system applying is done by means of comparison of different kinds of transmission Ural – Siberia.
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Ottenburger, Sadeeb Simon, Thomas Münzberg, and Misha Strittmatter. "Smart Grid Topologies Paving the Way for an Urban Resilient Continuity Management." International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management 9, no. 4 (October 2017): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiscram.2017100101.
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The generation and supply of electricity is currently about to undergo a fundamental transition that includes extensive development of smart grids. Smart grids are huge and complex networks consisting of a vast number of devices and entities which are connected with each other. This opens new variations of disruption scenarios which can increase the vulnerability of a power distribution network. However, the network topology of a smart grid has significant effects on urban resilience particularly referring to the adequate provision of infrastructures. Thus, topology massively codetermines the degree of urban resilience, i.e. different topologies enable different strategies of power distribution. Therefore, this article introduces a concept of criticality adapted to a power system relying on an advanced metering infrastructure. The authors propose a two-stage operationalization of this concept that refers to the design phase of a smart grid and its operation mode, targeting at an urban resilient power flow during power shortage.
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Xin, Song, Hao Chenggang, Wang Yifei, Guo Bin, and Zhang Xin. "Fault management technology of power communication room based on the Internet of Things technology." E3S Web of Conferences 185 (2020): 01030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018501030.
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With the continuous development of society, the construction of smart grids has gradually begun to be valued. Smart grids can liberate more labor and enable managers to manage the grid quickly and easily. The power communication network occupies an irreplaceable position in the smart grid. However, it is inevitable that various equipment failures will occur. Therefore, it is necessary to advance the time of fault handling through fault management, then reduce the fault harmfulness. In this paper, with the support of the Internet of Things technology, a monitoring system of the power communication room is constructed based on the configuration status and application environment of equipment, and an intelligent analysis method for fault location of the power communication room based on active detection is proposed. As a result, the reliable and stable operation of the power communication room can be guaranteed by using passive management and active management.
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Wu, Xiangqiang, and Tamas Kerekes. "Flexible Active Power Control for PV-ESS Systems: A Review." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 5, 2021): 7388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217388.
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The penetration of solar energy in the modern power system is still increasing with a fast growth rate after long development due to reduced environmental impact and ever-decreasing photovoltaic panel cost. Meanwhile, distribution networks have to deal with a huge amount and frequent fluctuations of power due to the intermittent nature of solar energy, which influences the grid stability and could cause a voltage rise in the low-voltage grid. In order to reduce these fluctuations and ensure a stable and reliable power supply, energy storage systems are introduced, as they can absorb or release energy on demand, which provides more control flexibility for PV systems. At present, storage technologies are still under development and integrated in renewable applications, especially in smart grids, where lowering the cost and enhancing the reliability are the main tasks. This study reviews and discusses several active power control strategies for hybrid PV and energy storage systems that deliver ancillary services for grid support. The technological advancements and developments of energy storage systems in grid-tied PV applications are also reviewed.