Relevant bibliographies by topics / Deuterium abundance

Academic literature on the topic 'Deuterium abundance'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Deuterium abundance"

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Prodanović, Tijana, Gary Steigman, and Brian D. Fields. "(Un)true deuterium abundance in the Galactic disk." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S268 (November 2009): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310003881.

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AbstractDeuterium has a special place in cosmology, nuclear astrophysics, and galactic chemical evolution, because of its unique property that it is only created in the big bang nucleosynthesis while all other processes result in its net destruction. For this reason, among other things, deuterium abundance measurements in the interstellar medium (ISM) allow us to determine the fraction of interstellar gas that has been cycled through stars, and set constraints and learn about different Galactic chemical evolution (GCE) models. However, recent indications that deuterium might be preferentially depleted onto dust grains complicate our understanding about the meaning of measured ISM deuterium abundances. For this reason, recent estimates by Linsky et al. (2006) have yielded a lower bound to the “true”, undepleted, ISM deuterium abundance that is very close to the primordial abundance, indicating a small deuterium astration factor contrary to the demands of many GCE models. To avoid any prejudice about deuterium dust depletion along different lines of sight that are used to determine the “true” D abundance, we propose a model-independent, statistical Bayesian method to address this issue and determine in a model-independent manner the undepleted ISM D abundance. We find the best estimate for the gas-phase ISM deuterium abundance to be (D/H)ISM ≥ (2.0 ± 0.1) × 10−5. Presented are the results of Prodanović et al. (2009).
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Scully, Sean Thomas, and Keith A. Olive. "The Deuterium Abundance and Nucleocosmochronology." Astrophysical Journal 446 (June 1995): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/175786.

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Ramadurai, S. "Population III Objects and Lithium Abundance." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 9, no. 1 (1991): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s132335800002525x.

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AbstractThe earlier work on the production of deuterium in the accretion tori around Population III objects has been criticised on the basis of relative production ratios of deuterium, helium-3 and 7Li. It is shown here that the criticism on the basis of helium-3 over-production is unjustified, as no measurement of helium-3 and lithium abundances for the same stars is available. It is predicted that indeed the helium-3 abundance determination will be the best means to verify the original hypothesis.
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L. Linsky, Jeffrey, and Brian E. Wood. "Deuterium Abundance in the Local ISM." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 187 (2002): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900113762.

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Excellent HST/GHRS spectra of interstellar hydrogen and deuterium Lyman-α absorption toward nearby stars allow us to identify systematic errors that have plagued earlier work and to measure accurate values of the D/H ratio in local interstellar gas. Analysis of 12 sightlines through the Local Interstellar Cloud leads to a mean value of D/H = (1.50 ± 0.10) x 10−5 with all data points lying within ±1σ of the mean. Deciding whether or not the D/H ratio has different values elsewhere in the Galaxy and beyond will be one of the major objectives of the FUSE mission.
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Poupko, R., Z. Olender, D. Reichert, and Z. Luz. "Deuterium MAS NMR in Natural Abundance." Journal of Magnetic Resonance, Series A 106, no. 1 (January 1994): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmra.1994.1010.

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Ramadurai, S., and M. J. Rees. "Deuterium abundance and Population III remnants." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 215, no. 1 (July 1, 1985): 53P—56P. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/215.1.53p.

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Burles, Scott, and David Tytler. "The Deuterium Abundance toward Q1937−1009." Astrophysical Journal 499, no. 2 (June 1998): 699–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/305667.

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Vanýsek, Vladimír, and Petr Vanýsek. "Prediction of deuterium abundance in comets." Icarus 61, no. 1 (January 1985): 57–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(85)90154-x.

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Pitrou, Cyril, Alain Coc, Jean-Philippe Uzan, and Elisabeth Vangioni. "A new tension in the cosmological model from primordial deuterium?" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 502, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 2474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab135.

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ABSTRACT Recent measurements of the D(p,γ)3He nuclear reaction cross-section and of the neutron lifetime, along with the reevaluation of the cosmological baryon abundance from cosmic microwave background (CMB) analysis, call for an update of abundance predictions for light elements produced during the big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). While considered as a pillar of the hot big-bang model in its early days, BBN constraining power mostly rests on deuterium abundance. We point out a new ≃1.8σ tension on the baryonic density, or equivalently on the D/H abundance, between the value inferred on one hand from the analysis of the primordial abundances of light elements and, on the other hand, from the combination of CMB and baryonic oscillation data. This draws the attention on this sector of the theory and gives us the opportunity to reevaluate the status of BBN in the context of precision cosmology. Finally, this paper presents an upgrade of the BBN code primat.
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S. Friaça, Amancio C. "Implications of Early Cooling Flows and Galactic Winds for the Evolution of Deuterium." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 198 (2000): 535–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900167282.

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The deuterium abundances in high-redshift QSO absorption-line systems could be an important constraint in models of galaxy formation. Here we investigate the role of galactic winds and massive cooling flows present during the formation of galaxies on the evolution of deuterium abundance. Destruction factors are calculated and the time and spatial scales for the dispersal through galactic winds of the processed deuterium-depleted gas are presented and related to the D/H determinations for QSO absorption-line systems. The calculations are derived from a chemodynamical model within a scenario in which the absorbers are located inside the hot halo of a young galaxy.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Deuterium abundance"

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Crighton, Neil Physics Faculty of Science UNSW. "Cosmology with Quasar Absorption Lines." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Physics, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/30178.

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In this thesis we make a new measurement of the primordial deuterium abundance, and analyse five other systems selected as possible D/H candidates. We also undertake an investigation of systematic errors in a system where an existing deuterium measurement has been made. We measure the number of hydrogen components and their velocity distributions in a moderate and high redshift sample of Lyman limit systems in one Angstrom resolution spectra. We present a new measurement of the deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio, D/H, at z=3.2560 in a newly-discovered low metallicity absorption system towards the quasar PG1937-1009. We attempt to account for any systematic effects that could influence the D/H measurement. We find a 1 sigma range for D/H*1e5 of 1.6 (+0.25) (-0.30). Using high resolution spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope and the Very Large Telescope, we assess the suitability of five D/H candidate absorption systems. These systems were selected as candidates using lower resolution spectra. We measure the neutral hydrogen column density, identify metal lines and analyse the velocity structure of each system, and show them to be unsuitable for measuring D/H. We also investigate the systematic errors in the absorber at z=0.701 towards quasar PG1718-4801 that was initially thought to show a high primordial D/H value. We analyse the dependence of the putative deuterium line's parameters on wavelength calibration errors in the HST spectra and present a revised deuterium measurement. We examine the velocity widths of two samples of one Angstrom resolution quasar spectra showing Lyman limit absorption systems. The first sample is at high redshifts, taken from the Sloan quasar data release 3 catalogue. The second is at intermediate redshifts, compiled from a survey for UV quasar absorption systems taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. We use a modified version of the Voigt profile fitting program, VPFIT, to estimate the number of hydrogen velocity components and column density in the Lyman limit systems. We compare the velocity distributions of the higher and lower redshift samples. We find the distributions are consistent with other measures of the velocity spread in absorption systems, and find no compelling evidence for evolution between the redshift samples.
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Evans, Thomas M. "Assessing Food and Nutritional Resources of Native and Invasive Lamprey Larvae Using Natural Abundance Isotopes." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343410278.

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Liske, Jochen Physics Faculty of Science UNSW. "Cosmology with the Lyman alpha forest." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Physics, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17870.

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In this thesis we investigate the large-scale distribution of Ly alpha forest absorption, the effect of ionizing radiation from QSOs on their surrounding intergalactic medium and the primordial abundance of deuterium. We develop a new technique for detecting structure on Mpc scales in the Ly alpha forest. This technique does not rely on identifying individual absorption lines but is rather based on the statistics of the transmitted flux. We demonstrate that the new method is significantly more sensitive to the presence of large-scale structure in the Ly alpha forest than a two-point correlation function analysis. We apply this method to 2 A resolution spectra of ten QSOs which cover the redshift range 2.2 < z < 3.4. The QSOs form a closely spaced group on the sky and are concentrated within a 1-deg^2 field. We find evidence for large-scale structure in the distribution of Ly alpha forest absorption at the > 99 per cent confidence level. Along the line of sight we find overdense Ly alpha absorption on scales of up to 1200 km s^-1. There is also strong evidence for correlated absorption across line of sight pairs separated by < 3 h^-1 Mpc. For larger separations the cross-correlation signal becomes progressively less significant. Using the same technique and dataset we confirm the existence of the proximity effect. We derive a value for the mean intensity of the extragalactic background radiation at the Lyman limit of J = (3.6^+3.5_-1.3) x 10^-22 ergs s^-1 cm^-2 Hz^-1 sr^-1. This value assumes that QSO redshifts measured from high ionization lines differ from the true systemic redshifts by Delta v = 800 km s^-1. Allowing for known QSO variability we find evidence at a level of 2.1 sigma that the significance of the proximity effect is correlated with QSO Lyman limit luminosity. From the complete sample we find no evidence for the existence of a foreground proximity effect, implying either that J > 20 x 10^-22 ergs s^-1 cm^-2 Hz^-1 sr^-1 or that QSOs emit at least a factor of 1.4 less ionizing radiation in the plane of the sky than along the line of sight to Earth. We do, however, find one counter-example where a foreground QSO apparently depletes the absorbing gas in four surrounding lines of sight. We discuss the feasibility of pre-selecting absorption systems from low resolution data for a measurement of the primordial deuterium abundance. We present a new, low resolution spectroscopic survey of 101 high redshift QSOs aimed at identifying candidate D/H systems. We further present an echelle spectrum of a Lyman limit system at z = 2.917. We find that this system is most likely heavily contaminated and does not yield an interesting limit on D/H.
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Hamilton, Bryan T. "Small Mammals in portions of Great Basin National Park Susceptible to Groundwater Withdrawal: Diversity and Stable Isotope Perspectives." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1705.

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To support population growth in Las Vegas, Nevada, large scale increases in groundwater pumping are planned across the state. This pumping could affect riparian areas in Great Basin National Park by lowering groundwater levels, reducing stream flows, and xerifying riparian vegetation. Great Basin National Park (GBNP) is mandated to manage its resources unimpaired for future generations. Loss of biodiversity is unacceptable under this mandate. If groundwater levels are reduced beyond a threshold, aquatic and riparian diversity would be lost, but the effects on small mammal communities are less clear. To provide baseline information and to consider the effects of groundwater withdrawal a priori, we sampled and compared small mammal communities in two watersheds susceptible to groundwater withdrawal and one non-susceptible watershed. We also used to stable isotopes of nitrogen, carbon, deuterium and oxygen to characterize small mammal communities. Evenness was higher in susceptible watersheds, which were distinct in species composition. Riparian and upland habitats in susceptible watersheds supported complementary small mammal communities, while communities in the non-susceptible watershed were more homogenous. Susceptible watersheds are located at the lowest elevations of GBNP where habitat heterogeneity due to the contrast between mesic riparian and xeric upland habitats is important in maintaining small mammal diversity. Partitioning was primarily seen in nitrogen and carbon isotopes which reflect feeding ecology (trophic level and primary production source), but was also seen in oxygen isotopes. Major differences in nitrogen and carbon isotopes were between taxonomic groups, while similarity was highest within these groups. Shrews and ermine were highest in nitrogen reflecting their high trophic positions. Harvest and piñon mice were intermediate in nitrogen suggesting omnivory, while chipmunks, voles, woodrats and pocket mice were apparently herbivorous. Carbon ratios were consistent with C3 based diets but were relatively enriched in Sigmodontinae species. Small mammal deuterium was similar to stream water suggesting that stream water is an important water source of water to small mammals. Oxygen enrichment relative to stream water and precipitation suggested that small mammals are sensitive to body water evaporation. Contrary to a previous study, oxygen isotopes were inversely related to water use efficiency. Increases in the rate of groundwater pumping adjacent to Great Basin National Park could lower water tables, reduce stream flows, and xerify riparian vegetation. We suggest that groundwater levels, streams flow and riparian vegetation, in addition to small mammal species composition will be important response variables in monitoring the effects of groundwater withdrawal. If predictions of groundwater withdrawal are realized, groundwater levels, stream flows, vegetation, microclimate, and invertebrates riparian dependent as well as small mammals will be negatively affected resulting in a decrease in diversity and loss of riparian species from affected areas.
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Serhan, Zeinab. "Rmn du deuterium en abondance naturelle en milieu oriente chiral et achiral : une nouvelle approche analytique pour la détermination du fractionnement isotopique site-spécifique d'acides gras." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112357.

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La spectroscopie RMN 2D du deutérium en abondance naturelle (DAN) en utilisant les cristaux liquides chiraux comme solvant de RMN est une méthodologie efficace pour deux raisons: i) l’interaction quadrupolaire (interaction RMN sensible à l’ordre orientationnel des molécules et spécifique aux noyaux de spin I>1/2) n’est plus nulle en moyenne comme dans les liquides; ii) la chiralité du milieu permet de discriminer spectralement des énantiomères (molécule chirale) ou des directions énantiotopes (molécule prochirale). L'objectif principal de ce travail de Thèse était d'explorer le potentiel analytique de cette technique pour analyser le fractionnement isotopique naturel deutérium dans le cas d’ester d’acides gras saturés (AGS) et (poly)insaturés (AGI). Le but ultime de ce travail est de fournir de nouvelles informations (de nature stéréochimique) pour améliorer la compréhension de certains mécanismes enzymatiques impliqués au cours de leur biosynthèse. Dans ce contexte, nous avons montré que l'utilisation de solutions organiques orientées de polypeptides (mésophases chirales) utilisant des co-solvants polaires comme le DMF ou la pyridine (Py) fournissait les meilleurs résultats en termes d’(énantio)discrimination spectrale (nombre de sites et amplitude) sur la base des déplacements chimiques et des éclatements quadrupolaires du deutérium. Ainsi, la mésophase chirale (PBLG/Py) a été utilisée avec succès pour analyser les AGI comme le linoléate de méthyle (C18), pour lequel nous avons pu mesurer l'excès énantio-isotopomèrique (eei) au niveau de chaque site méthylène de la molécule. Pour la première fois, d'importantes informations relatives à la stéréochimie des mécanismes enzymatiques, inaccessibles par la méthode conventionnelle SNIF-NMR®, ont été déterminées. La même méthodologie impliquant la mésophase achirale (PBG/Py) et chirale (PBLG/Py) s’est révélée également être un excellent outil pour l'analyse des SAFA sous leur forme libre (C14 à C18) ou sous leur forme de triglycérides (3*C4 et 3*C14). L'attribution des doublets 2H détectés sur les spectres RMN 2D anisotropes des SAFA a été confirmée par l'élaboration d'un modèle théorique capable de prédire le comportement orientationnel de ces molécules flexibles. Comme exemple illustratif, la méthode a été appliquée pour étudier les mécanismes enzymatiques convertissant le linoléate en vernoléate dans deux plantes différentes. Enfin, pour améliorer la compréhension des interactions «soluté-polypeptide» impliquées dans les mécanismes d'orientation et d’énantio-discrimination, nous avons étudié par RMN 2D DAN, l'évolution des paramètres d'ordre (matrice de Saupe) de deux molécules prochirales, rigides et apolaires dissoutes dans une mésophase chirale préparée en mélangeant deux polypeptides de même stéréochimie (L), mais dont la nature chimique des chaînes latérales est différente, en fonction de leur proportion massique respective
Natural abundance deuterium (NAD) 2D-NMR spectroscopy using (a)chiral liquid crystals as NMR solvent is a powerful method for two reasons: i) the quadrupolar interaction (an order-sensitive NMR interaction specific to spins I > ½) is not averaged to zero anymore as in liquids; ii) the chirality of medium allows enantiomers (chiral molecule) or enantiotopic directions (prochiral molecule) to be spectrally discriminated. The main objective of this Thesis work was to explore the analytical potential of this technique to analyze the natural distribution of deuterium in the case of esters of saturated fatty acids (SAFA) and (poly)unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The ultimate goal of this research is to collect new (stereochemical) information to improve the understanding of some enzymatic mechanisms involved during their biosynthesis. In this context, we have shown that the use of oriented solutions of polypeptide (chiral mesophases) using polar co-solvents such as DMF or pyridine (py) provided better results in terms of spectral (enantio)discrimination (number of sites and magnitude) on the the basis of chemical shifts and deuterium quadrupole splittings. Thus, the chiral mesophase (PBLG/py) has been applied successfully to analyse PUFA’s like the methyl linoleate (C18) for which we could measure the enantio-isotopomeric excess (eie) at each methylen site of the molecule. For the first time, important information related to the stereochemistry of enzymatic mechanisms, inaccessible by the conventional method SNIF-NMR®, have been determined. The same methodology using achiral (PBG / py) and chiral (PBG / py) mesophases, revealed also to be an excellent tool for analysing SAFA in their free form (C14 to C18), or in triglyceride forms (3*C4 and 3*C14). The assignment of 2H doublets detected on 2D-NMR spectra of SAFA’s was confirmed by developing a theoretical model predicting the orientational ordering behavior of these flexible molecules. As illustrative exemple, the method was applied for investigating the enzymatic mechanisms converting the linoleate into vernoleate in two different plants. Finally, to improve the understanding of “solute/polypeptide" interactions involved in the orientation and enantiodiscrimination mechanisms, we have investigated by NAD 2D-NMR the evolution of the order parameters (Saupe matrix) of two apolar, rigid prochiral molecules dissolved in a chiral mesophase made by mixing two polypeptides having the same stereochemistry (L) but different type of side chains, versus their respective mass proportion
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Turner, Justin Marriner 1952. "Assessment of the seasonal fluctuations in relative isotopic abundances of oxygen-18 and deuterium in rain water from the Tucson Basin, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191903.

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Rainfall in the Tucson Basin, located in southeastern Arizona, averages about 30 centimeters annually and is distributed unevenly between the summer and winter rainy seasons. Additionally, both the source of water vapor and the meteorological conditions differ during summer and winter storms. Previous investigations in the Tucson Basin and elsewhere have noted seasonal variations in the relative isotopic abundance ratios of oxygen-18 and deuterium and have attributed this variation in part to the meteorological conditions that prevailed during each storm. The purpose of this study was to use simple statistical tools to evaluate variations in isotopic abundance ratios in terms of ground level meteorological conditions, specifically, rainfall amount, air temperature, cloud ceiling elevation, rainfall intensity, and relative humidity. When evaluated individually, the amount of storm precipitation had the largest effect on summer and winter storm sets, whereas, temperature had the greatest effect when compared with the combined or yearly storm set.
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Turner, Justin Marriner. "Assessment of the seasonal fluctuations in relative isotopic abundances of oxygen-18 and deuterium in rain water from the Tucson Basin, Arizona." 1986. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1986_491_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Books on the topic "Deuterium abundance"

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Accurate measurements of the local deuterium abundance from HST spectra. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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Accurate measurements of the local deuterium abundance from HST spectra. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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Local interstellar medium properties and deuterium abundances for the lines of sight toward HR 1099, 31 Comae, Ý Ceti, and Ý Cassiopeiae. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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A search for interstellar CH₃D: Limits to the methane abundance in Orion-KL. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Wolf, E. L. Sustainable Energy Beyond Carbon. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198769804.003.0002.

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Energy from the Sun leads to direct heating of the Earth, and also to secondary forms of energy in winds, waves and hydroelectricity. Long-term energy resources in the Earth and its motions include tides, geothermal energy, fission fuels, and in deuterium that may potentially be used to power nuclear fusion reactors. We are interested in energy sources that will last on a time scale of thousands of years, and further, that will not interfere with other important aspects of life on Earth, such as clean air and water in abundant supply. Plants grew by photosynthesis starting in the carboniferous era, about 300 million years ago, and the decay of some of these, instead of oxidizing back into the atmosphere, occurred underground in oxygen-free zones.
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Local interstellar medium properties and deuterium abundances for the lines of sight toward HR 1099, 31 Comae, □Ceti, and □Cassiopeiae. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Nikolai, Piskunov, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Local interstellar medium properties and deuterium abundances for the lines of sight toward HR 1099, 31 Comae, Ý Ceti, and Ý Cassiopeiae. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Deuterium abundance"

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Linsky, Jeffrey L., and Brian E. Wood. "Deuterium Abundance in the Local ISM." In Cosmic Chemical Evolution, 75–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0452-7_8.

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Linsky, Jeffrey L. "Accurate Measurements of the Local Deuterium Abundance from HST Spectra." In Examining the Big Bang and Diffuse Background Radiations, 529–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0145-2_71.

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Linsky, Jeffrey L. "Deuterium Abundance in the Local ISM and Possible Spatial Variations." In Space Sciences Series of ISSI, 285–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5116-0_28.

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Olive, Keith A. "On the Destruction of Primordial Deuterium." In The Light Element Abundances, 40–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49169-9_6.

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Khersonsky, V. K., F. H. Briggs, and D. A. Turnshek. "On the Detectability of Primordial Deuterium in QSO Absorption Systems." In The Light Element Abundances, 89–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49169-9_12.

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Cassé, M., and E. Vangioni-Flam. "Primordial Deuterium, Dark Matter and Chemical Evolution of the Galaxy." In The Light Element Abundances, 44–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49169-9_7.

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Hogan, Craig J. "Extragalactic Abundances of Hydrogen, Deuterium and Helium." In Space Sciences Series of ISSI, 127–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5116-0_12.

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Geiss, J., and G. Gloeckler. "Abundances of Deuterium and Helium-3 in the Protosolar Cloud." In Space Sciences Series of ISSI, 239–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5116-0_24.

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Steigman, Gary. "The Abundances of Deuterium, Helium and Lithium Test and Constrain the Standard Model of Cosmology." In Primordial Nucleosynthesis and Evolution of Early Universe, 3–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3410-1_2.

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Schramm, David N. "The Abundance of Deuterium:." In Hydrogen, 211–22. Harvard University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1pncpvj.23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Deuterium abundance"

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RAUSCHER, ELIZABETH A. "Deuterium Abundance in Consciousness and Current Cosmology." In Unified Field Mechanics: Natural Science Beyond the Veil of Spacetime. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814719063_0045.

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ŠPANĚL, P., and D. SMITH. "FLOWING AFTERGLOW MASS SPECTROMETRY (FA-MS) FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE DEUTERIUM ABUNDANCE IN BREATH WATER VAPOUR AND AQUEOUS LIQUID HEADSPACE." In Conference Breath Gas Analysis for Medical Diagnostics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701954_0032.

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Nijhawan, Sunil. "Challenges in Multi-Unit CANDU Reactor Severe Accident Mitigation Strategies." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60689.

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While most of the severe accident related vulnerabilities arising from the inherent 40 odd year old PHWR design are common with single unit CANDU reactors and a number are also shared with LWR designs of that vintage, an evaluation of a station blackout accident at a multi-unit CANDU station reveals significant challenges to accident management options and potentially unacceptable off site radiological consequences. Opportunities for design improvements are abundant but unfortunately mostly ignored with both accident progression and consequence assessments by the utilities presented in a distorted positive light in defiance of engineered realities and public safety. Over-pressure protection systems in all relevant reactor systems (PHTS, Calandria, Shield Tank, and Containment) are inadequate for decay heat, let alone for other anticipated severe accident loads. Early passive heat removal by steam generators after a station blackout can be compromised by primary coolant removal into a large pressurizer located well below the pump bowl. There are no emergency means of high pressure water addition to the steam generators or the heat transport system which not only has an inadequate steam relief capacity for over pressure protection such that an early containment bypass by steam generator tube ruptures is a possibility, but also lacks a method of manual depressurization for early accident mitigation. In absence of a retaining LWR like pressure vessel, the reactor cores would release fission products without attenuation into the box like containments that are at 48% per day leak rate at design pressure very leaky and at less than 1 bar design pressure, structurally weakest of all operating reactor containments. The reactor buildings around each individual reactor unit are inverted cup like traps for combustible gases. A large number of safety significant components like the steam generators, pumps and the reactivity control devices are all outside the containment envelope. The production of combustible Deuterium gas from over ten km of carbon steel piping and over 50 tons of Zircaloy can be extremely high making the installed numbers and types of PARS not only inadequate but as early ignition sources also dangerous. Improvements after Fukushima are perfunctory and the analytical methods in support of severe accident management guidelines are outdated and incomplete. A lax and uninformed regulatory regime blindly supporting an intransigent industry resisting basic design enhancements has further exasperated, like it did in Japan, the severe accident related risk from continued operation of these reactors. These conclusions are based on thirty years of working on severe accident related issues at CANDU reactors, conducting extensive design reviews and developing computer codes and analytical methods for accident progression and consequence assessments. It is hoped that open discussions by professional engineers would foster change in name of public safety. It is also feared that nothing will change unless an accident occurs.
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