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Journal articles on the topic 'Detoxification'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 May 2024

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1

Agyapong, Vincent, Jackie Benbow, and Roy Browne. "Effectiveness of daily outpatient alcohol detoxification by an Irish public psychiatric hospital – A pilot study." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 24, no. 1 (March 2007): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700010119.

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AbstractObjective: To assess the effectiveness of daily outpatient alcohol detoxification in an Irish public psychiatric hospital.Method: The outpatient records of patients presenting to the Assessment Unit of St Brendan's Hospital in one year (August 2004-July 2005) with symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) and commencing daily outpatient detoxification were examined retrospectively for parameters relevant to the objectives of the study. The results were compiled and analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: Forty patients underwent outpatient alcohol detoxification in one year and complete records were available for 32 patients (80%). Twenty patients had fixed addresses in the hospital catchment areas, eight patients had no fixed addresses and the remaining four patients had addresses outside the catchment areas. Seven patients (22%) presented with a co-morbid psychiatric condition including depression (four patients), anxiety disorder (two patients) and personality disorder (one patient). All seven patients were known to psychiatric sector services. Of the 32 patients commencing detoxification, 28 patients (87.5%) attended on the second day whilst 22 patients (69%) attended their third day's appointment. Only 17 patients (53%) completed the outpatient detoxification. Thirteen patients (40.6%) received at least two outpatient detoxifications during the year; of whom seven patients (58%) received their second detoxification within two months of the first one. The record of 20 patients (62.5%) showed that they had received advice regarding selfreferral to counselling services.Conclusion: A high proportion of patients (47%) presenting with symptoms of ADS did not complete daily outpatient detoxifications. A high proportion of all patients (40.6%) also underwent multiple outpatient detoxifications during the year. It is possible that the separation between alcohol detoxification and alcohol counselling services in Ireland contributed to these disappointing results.

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2

Hakansson, Anders, and Emma Hallén. "Predictors of Dropout from Inpatient Opioid Detoxification with Buprenorphine: A Chart Review." Journal of Addiction 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/965267.

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Inpatient withdrawal treatment (detoxification) is common in opioid dependence, although dropout against medical advice often limits its outcome. This study aimed to assess baseline predictors of dropout from inpatient opioid detoxification with buprenorphine, including age, gender, current substance use, and type of postdetoxification planning. A retrospective hospital chart review was carried out for inpatient standard opioid detoxifications using buprenorphine taper, in a detoxification ward in Malmö, Sweden(N=122). Thirty-four percent of patients(n=42)dropped out against medical advice. In multivariate logistic regression, dropout was significantly associated with younger age (OR 0.93 [0.89–0.97]) and negatively predicted by inpatient postdetoxification plan (OR 0.41 [0.18–0.94]), thus favouring an inpatient plan as opposed to outpatient treatment while residing at home. Dropout was unrelated to baseline urine toxicology. In opioid detoxification, patients may benefit from a higher degree of postdetoxification planning, including transition to residential treatment, in order to increase the likelihood of a successful detoxification and treatment entry. Young opioid-dependent patients may need particular attention in the planning of detoxification.

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3

Balston, Alfred, Kuljit Hunjan, and Michael J. Kelleher. "The use of chlordiazepoxide for outpatient gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) detoxification: An observational study." Drug Science, Policy and Law 9 (January 2023): 205032452311675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503245231167544.

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Background Various detoxification regimens are used for gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), including diazepam, barbiturates, baclofen and GHB itself. However, these regimens are primarily derived from inpatient units, and literature on outpatient GBL detoxification is sparse with no previous reports on chlordiazepoxide. We describe the characteristics of outpatient GBL detoxification using chlordiazepoxide. Methods Observational study of all patients who attended a community outpatient addiction service in South London between August 2015 and November 2017 seeking detoxification from GBL. The outpatient caseload is predominantly patients with alcohol, opioid and stimulant dependence. Routine clinical data including patient demographics, GBL usage, daily chlordiazepoxide dose and Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol-revised (CIWA-Ar) score were recorded. Results In the study period there were 17 attendances for GBL detoxification, 14 of which were undertaken in the outpatient setting. Twelve (86%) patients who had an outpatient detoxification were male, all of whom were men who have sex with men. Of 14 outpatient GBL detoxifications managed with chlordiazepoxide, 10 were successfully completed. One of the four patients that did not complete detoxification required inpatient treatment in an acute hospital. The average successful detoxification took 10 ± 3.1 days. For patients who completed a detoxification, the median maximum CIWA-Ar score on day one of the detoxification was 11 (range 2–17), with the mean dose of chlordiazepoxide used on day one being 140 mg (range 80–225 mg). Conclusions Chlordiazepoxide can be used for outpatient GBL detoxification in combination with a provision for crisis admission to hospital. CIWA-Ar score can be applied to GBL withdrawal to measure severity and inform a reducing regimen of chlordiazepoxide.

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4

Dell, Esther Y. "Detoxification." Journal of Consumer Health On the Internet 10, no. 3 (September 5, 2006): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j381v10n03_10.

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5

Mason, Russ. "Detoxification." Alternative and Complementary Therapies 7, no. 4 (August 2001): 254–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/107628001750424625.

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6

Stellato-Kabat, Douglas. "Acupuncture Detoxification." Social Work 39, no. 5 (September 1994): 623–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/39.5.623-a.

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7

Bolton, James R. "Solar detoxification." Solar Energy 56, no. 5 (May 1996): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-092x(96)81766-x.

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8

Raushel, Frank M. "Catalytic detoxification." Nature 469, no. 7330 (January 2011): 310–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/469310a.

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9

Palmer, Sue. "Detoxification school." Early Years Educator 8, no. 10 (January 2007): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2007.8.10.22616.

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10

Bischof, Gary P., Judith A. Booker, Teresa L. Dyck, Elizabeth A. Graney, Irene P. Hamblen, Cheryl L. B. Hittinger, Mary K. Holzinger, and Christopher Smith. "Outpatient Detoxification." Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 8, no. 2 (September 24, 1991): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j020v08n02_11.

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11

LIU, DA-LING, LIN MA, LIAN-QUAN GU, REN LIANG, DONG-SHENG YAO, and WEI-QIANG CHEN. "Armillariella tabescen Enzymatic Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1: Part III. Immobilized Enzymatic Detoxificationa." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 864, no. 1 ENZYME ENGINE (December 1998): 592–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10387.x.

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12

&NA;. "Naltrexone-accelerated detoxification." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1198 (July 1999): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199911980-00022.

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&NA;. "Rapid opioid detoxification." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1218 (December 1999): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199912180-00006.

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14

Hall, Wayne, and Richard P. Mattickt. "Ultrarapid opiate detoxification." Medical Journal of Australia 167, no. 7 (October 1997): 393–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb125108.x.

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15

Bartter, Thaddeus, and Lance L. Gooberman. "Rapid Opiate Detoxification." American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 22, no. 4 (January 1996): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00952999609001675.

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16

Yarnell, Eric, and Lisa Meserole. "Detoxification for Spring." Alternative and Complementary Therapies 2, no. 3 (May 1996): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/act.1996.2.153.

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17

Stein, Michael D., and Peter D. Friedmann. "Optimizing Opioid Detoxification." Journal of Addictive Diseases 26, no. 2 (May 24, 2007): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j069v26n02_01.

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18

Vásquez-Moctezuma, Ismael, DoloresJ Sánchez-González, and Enrique Méndez-Bolaina. "Skin detoxification cycles." Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 78, no. 4 (2012): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0378-6323.98070.

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19

ROEDIGER, WILLIAM E. W., and WENDY BABIDGE. "Human colonocyte detoxification." Gut 41, no. 6 (December 1, 1997): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.41.6.731.

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20

Rumball, D., J. Williams, M. M. Laban, R. S. Laishley, and C. M. Schmulian. "Rapid opiate detoxification." BMJ 315, no. 7109 (September 13, 1997): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7109.682.

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21

Suarez, Fernando, Alberto Monje, Pablo Galindo-Moreno, and Hom-Lay Wang. "Implant Surface Detoxification." Implant Dentistry 22, no. 5 (October 2013): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/id.0b013e3182a2b8f4.

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22

Bulthuis, Deanna, and José Eric Díaz. "Ultrarapid Opiate Detoxification." Annals of Emergency Medicine 35, no. 1 (January 2000): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0644(00)70120-x.

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23

Simon, P. "Detoxification in Hemosiderosis." Blood Purification 3, no. 1-3 (1985): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000169400.

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24

Barrett, J. "Helminth detoxification mechanisms." Journal of Helminthology 71, no. 2 (June 1997): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x0001573x.

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Detoxification mechanisms in parasitic helminths have not been extensively studied, despite their obvious relevance to drug development and drug resistance. Differences in detoxification enzymes between the parasite and its host may be exploitable in the design of pro-drugs, whilst selective inhibition of the parasites protective enzymes could increase their sensitivity to drug action and also make them more susceptible to the host's defence mechanisms.

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25

Pinto, A. P., A. de Varennes, M. L. S. Gonçalves, and A. M. Mota. "Sorghum Detoxification Mechanisms." Journal of Plant Nutrition 29, no. 7 (August 2006): 1229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904160600767450.

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26

Summers, Zelda, David Williams, and Andrew J. McBride. "Diazepam and detoxification." Psychiatric Bulletin 21, no. 4 (April 1997): 244–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.21.4.244-a.

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27

Travers, Raymond. "Buspirone in detoxification." British Journal of Psychiatry 158, no. 1 (January 1991): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.158.1.133a.

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28

Dango, Michael. "Minimalism as Detoxification." MFS Modern Fiction Studies 65, no. 4 (2019): 643–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mfs.2019.0048.

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29

Yeh, Hong-Shiow, Vasant Dhopesh, and Iradj Maany. "Seizures during detoxification." Journal of General Internal Medicine 7, no. 1 (January 1992): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02599121.

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30

Tedeschi, Michele, Silvia Bohm, Francesco Di Re, Saro Oriana, Gian Battista Spatti, Sergio Tognella, and Franco Zunino. "Glutathione and detoxification." Cancer Treatment Reviews 17, no. 2-3 (September 1990): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-7372(90)90048-k.

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31

Gevirtz, Clifford. "Rapid Opioid Detoxification." JAMA 279, no. 23 (June 17, 1998): 1871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.279.23.1871.

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32

He, Hongli, M. James C. Crabbe, and Zhumei Ren. "Detoxification Gene Families at the Genome-Wide Level of Rhus Gall Aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis." Genes 13, no. 9 (September 10, 2022): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13091627.

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The Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis uses the species Rhus chinensis as its primary host plant, on which galls are produced. The galls have medicinal properties and can be used in various situations due to their high tannin content. Detoxification enzymes play significant roles in the insect lifecycle. In this study, we focused on five detoxification gene families, i.e., glutathione-S-transferase (GST), ABC transporter (ABC), Carboxylesterase (CCE), cyto-chrome P450 (CYP), and UDP-glycosyltransferase (UDP), and manually annotated 144 detoxification genes of S. chinensis using genome-wide techniques. The detoxification genes appeared mostly on chromosome 1, where a total of two pair genes were identified to show tandem duplications. There were 38 gene pairs between genomes of S. chinensis and Acyrthosiphon pisum in the detoxification gene families by collinear comparison. Ka/Ks ratios showed that detoxification genes of S. chinensis were mainly affected by purification selection during evolution. The gene expression numbers of P450s and ABCs by transcriptome sequencing data were greater, while gene expression of CCEs was the highest, suggesting they might be important in the detoxification process. Our study has firstly identified the genes of the different detoxification gene families in the S. chinensis genome, and then analyzed their general features and expression, demonstrating the importance of the detoxification genes in the aphid and providing new information for further research.

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33

de la Torre, Daniel. "Quantification of Mesophyll Resistance and Apoplastic Ascorbic Acid as an Antioxidant for Tropospheric Ozone in Durum Wheat (Triticum durumDesf. cv. Camacho)." Scientific World JOURNAL 8 (2008): 1197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2008.149.

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The daily variations in cellular and apoplastic ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid levels in a Mediterranean durum wheat cultivar (Triticum durumDesf. cv. Camacho) were analyzed in order to relate them to ambient ozone exposure and to subsequent stomatally absorbed ozone fluxes. The aim of this study is to prove the effectiveness and accuracy of a computer model (SODA) to calculate the mesophyll resistance (rm) to ozone uptake, the percentage of ozone detoxification by apoplastic ascorbic acid, and the ozone flux to the plasmalemma (Fm) in a Mediterranean durum wheat cultivar. These calculated factors were related to apoplastic ascorbic acid levels and to ambient ozone concentrations. These relationships were obtained with a view to explaining the detoxification of ozone by apoplastic ascorbic acid. Ozone detoxifications of up to 52% were found at midday, when maximum ozone concentrations and maximum apoplastic ascorbic acid are seen. Mesophyll resistance was minimum at this time, and ozone flux to the plasmalemma was reduced because of the reaction of ozone with apoplastic ascorbic acid.

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34

LECHTENBERG, RICHARD, and THERESA M. WORNER. "RELATIVE KINDLING EFFECT OF DETOXIFICATION AND NON-DETOXIFICATION ADMISSIONS IN ALCOHOLICS." Alcohol and Alcoholism 26, no. 2 (1991): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a045104.

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35

Pavanatto, Paola Aparecida, Maria Helena Gehlen, Silomar Ilha, Claudia Zamberlan, Rosiane Filipin Rangel, and Elisabeta Albertina Nietsche. "Contributions of ludic care in nursing to chemical detoxification due to the use of crack cocaine." Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem 36, no. 2 (June 2015): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2015.02.48736.

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OBJECTIVE: to understand the contributions of ludic care in nursing by stimulating the acceptance of chemical detoxification from crack on the perception of people in the detoxification process. METHODS: an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach, performed with five people hospitalized for chemical detoxification from crack, from March to July 2013 in a chemical detox unit of a midsize hospital in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview and was subjected to content analysis. RESULTS: Two categories emerged: Ludic care in nursing as a stimulus to the acceptance of chemical detoxification; Ludic care in nursing in the promotion for healthy living after chemical detoxification. CONCLUSION: ludic care in nursing proved to enhance the acceptance of chemical detoxification from crack in the reality investigated.

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36

Williams, Hugh, Andrew Remedios, Adenekan Oyefeso, and Jennifer Bennett. "Buprenorphine detoxification treatment for heroin dependence: a preliminary experience in an outpatient setting." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 19, no. 3 (September 2002): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700007114.

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AbstractObjectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate buprenorphine as a detoxification agent for heroin dependence in an outpatient setting. Specifically we sought to establish the rate of completion of detoxification and retention in treatment, the duration of successful detoxification and dose requirements.Methods: The study was an open prospective evaluation of routinely collected clinical data on the first 60 consecutive heroin dependent patients who underwent buprenorphine detoxification. A flexible dosing regime was adopted with the dose of buprenorphine being adjusted daily against the previous day's withdrawal symptoms.Results: The majority of patients (40 (67%)) completed detoxification. The median duration of treatment for completers was 17 days (range 9-30 days) with 90% of detoxification episodes completed within 21 days. Patients were commenced on initial median dose of 4mg buprenorphine (range 2mg-6mg) and the median stabilisation dose for the sample was 10mg daily (range 6mg-14mg). The median final dosage of buprenorphine required by patients retained in treatment was 1.2mg (range 0.4mg-2mg). We found older patient age to be a significant predictor of treatment completion.Conclusions: Buprenorphine was an acceptable and a feasible outpatient detoxification treatment option for heroin dependent patients. Based on the study findings we propose a standard 21-day fixed-dose detoxification schedule.

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37

Chen, Dong-Bin, Run-Xi Xia, Qun Li, Yu-Ping Li, Hui-Ying Cao, and Yan-Qun Liu. "Genome-Wide Identification of Detoxification Genes in Wild Silkworm Antheraea pernyi and Transcriptional Response to Coumaphos." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 11 (June 5, 2023): 9775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119775.

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For a half-century, the commercial wild silkworm, Antheraea pernyi, has been protected by coumaphos, which is an internal organophosphorus insecticide used to kill the potential parasitic fly larvae inside. Knowledge about the detoxification genes of A. pernyi as well as the detoxification mechanism for this species remains severely limited. In this study, we identified 281 detoxification genes (32 GSTs, 48 ABCs, 104 CYPs, and 97 COEs) in the genome of this insect, which are unevenly distributed over 46 chromosomes. When compared to the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, a lepidopteran model species, A. pernyi has a similar number of ABCs, but a greater number of GSTs, CYPs, and COEs. By transcriptome-based expression analysis, we found that coumaphos at a safe concentration level significantly changed the pathways related to ATPase complex function and the transporter complex in A. pernyi. KEGG functional enrichment analysis indicated that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum was the most affected pathway after coumaphos treatment. Finally, we identified four significantly up-regulated detoxification genes (ABCB1, ABCB3, ABCG11, and ae43) and one significantly down-regulated detoxification gene (CYP6AE9) in response to coumaphos treatment, suggesting that these five genes may contribute to detoxification of coumaphos in A. pernyi. Our study provides the first set of detoxification genes for wild silkworms from Saturniidae and highlights the importance of detoxification gene repertoire in insect pesticide tolerance.

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38

Neu, Peter, Yvonne Sofin, and Heidi Danker-Hopfe. "The Effect of Detoxification on Sleep: How Does Sleep Quality Change during Qualified Detoxification Treatment?" Journal of Addiction 2018 (December 20, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9492453.

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Aims. Sleep disturbances are common in addiction and withdrawal. This study examined the course of sleep quality in a population of alcohol dependent patients during qualified detoxification treatment in a psychiatric hospital. Methods. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was administered to 77 electively admitted alcohol dependent patients hospitalized for qualified detoxification treatment. Sleep quality was measured at admission and at discharge. Results. The prevalence of bad sleep as measured by a PSQI-score > 5 was 70.1% at admission. During detoxification, male and female patients were equally affected by sleep disturbances and improvement of sleep was not significantly different between males and females. The PSQI score at admission predicted the change of the PSQI score during qualified detoxification treatment. After inpatient detoxification, sleep disturbances persisted in 59.7% of the patients. Conclusions. Contrary to our expectations, the average patient’s sleep quality improved in our study after two weeks of detoxification treatment. Sleep disturbances nevertheless persisted in almost two-thirds of the patients. In the view of that finding, patients may require individual evaluation of sleep quality and insomnia-specific treatment in the course of detoxification therapy.

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39

Parry, Mark, Nicholas Woodthorpe, and Priyanthi Gunawardena. "Changing futures: premature discharges of alcohol or opioid detoxification in-patients, service improvement." Psychiatrist 34, no. 5 (May 2010): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.109.025155.

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Aims and methodWe retrospectively audited premature discharges of in-patients undergoing alcohol or opioid detoxification. Recommendations for good practice aimed at reducing premature discharge rates were implemented, following which a prospective audit was completed.ResultsThe retrospective phase of the audit cycle showed a premature discharge rate of 30.8%, compared with a rate of 13.2% for the prospective phase. The difference in these rates is both clinically and statistically significant at the 5% level, with Fisher's exact test producing a two-sided P = 0.0119.Clinical implicationsImplementing good practice guidelines improved outcomes, with more patients successfully completing detoxifications and a more effective use of resources.

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40

Kumar Das, Chandan. "Bio-Detoxification Treatment of Waste Water Containing Cadmium." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 4, no. 1 (2012): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2012.v4.321.

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41

HASHIMOTO, Shinobu, Atsushi OKUDA, Akira KAMBAYASHI, Sawao HONDA, Hideo AWAJI, and Koichiro FUKUDA. "Detoxification of Sprayed Crocidolite." Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 114, no. 1336 (2006): 1150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj.114.1150.

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42

Dimond, B. "Detoxification in the community." Journal of Substance Misuse 2, no. 2 (January 1997): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14659899709085001.

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43

Cochrane, M., T. Spratley, H. Shelley, and Mike Cochrane. "Detoxification: a toxic metaphor?" Journal of Substance Misuse 3, no. 3 (January 1998): 178–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14659899809053496.

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44

Tennant, Forest, and Marshall L. Berman. "Stepwise detoxification from cocaine." Postgraduate Medicine 84, no. 2 (August 1988): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1988.11700380.

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45

Potapov, A. F., T. M. Tyaptirgyanova, and A. N. Kirillin. "Detoxification in Abdominal Sepsis." General Reanimatology 1, no. 3 (June 20, 2005): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2005-3-32-35.

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46

Diaper, Alison M., Fergus D. Law, and Jan K. Melichar. "Pharmacological strategies for detoxification." British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 77, no. 2 (January 22, 2014): 302–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcp.12245.

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47

Liappas, J., T. Paparrigopoulos, P. Malitas, E. Tzavellas, and G. Christodoulou. "Mirtazapine Improves Alcohol Detoxification." Journal of Psychopharmacology 18, no. 1 (March 2004): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881104040241.

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48

Bovill, J. G. "Opioid detoxification under anaesthesia." European Journal of Anaesthesiology 17, no. 11 (November 2000): 657–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003643-200011000-00001.

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49

Quigley, M. A. "Unintentional rapid opioid detoxification." Emergency Medicine Journal 18, no. 6 (November 1, 2001): 494–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.18.6.494.

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50

Strong, J. "Opiate detoxification: Evolving practice." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34, s1 (January 2000): A64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/000486700775.

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