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Journal articles on the topic 'Determinist theories'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Kaneko, Yusuke. "Gender: Biological Determinist Manifesto." Multidisciplinary Journal of Gender Studies 5, no. 2 (June 25, 2016): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/generos.2016.1537.

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The aim of this paper is newly founding a standpoint called â€œbiological determinism,â€ which Geddes & Thompson already suggested around the times of Darwin. We put it forth as an antithesis to current debates on gender. The current debates on gender are mostly part of the humanities. They have heated up debates, putting scientific viewpoints aside. But it is not desirable. So against that, we introduce the scientific viewpoints, arranging a timeline first (Â§Â§4-9). This chronology itself could be a breaking point of the humanities. With thick piled theories in science, their conventional debates would be reviewed critically.

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Grišinas, Arvydas, Ainius Lašas, and Ignas Kalpokas. "Reliance on Conspiracy Theories Among Lithuanian Population." Politologija 108, no. 4 (December 29, 2022): 42–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/polit.2022.108.2.

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This article analyses the statistical validity of popular explanations for peoples‘s tendency to rely on conspiracy theories in Lithuanian public discourse. The paper discovers that out of four most popular explanations, belief in paranormal phenomena and determinist thinking have the strongest correlation. The evaluation of one‘s own perceived financial wellbeing also proves significance. Meanwhile, education, political knowledge and actual income level either correlate with tendency to rely on conspiratorial thinking sporadically or does not correlate at all. The study is based on a representative survey, conducted in Lithuania, in late 2021, and seeks to delineate the initial outlines for further research on the case of Lithuania, which has been only scarcely explored.

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Lima, Leila Paula De, Marcos Rodrigo Rosa de Oliveira, Kamilla De Faria Cândido, and Renata Luiza da Costa. "BLOG COMO FERRAMENTA PEDAGÓGICA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA." Cadernos de Educação Tecnologia e Sociedade 11, no. 3 (November 1, 2018): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.14571/brajets.v11.n3.458-467.

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The purpose of this text is to reflect on pedagogical experiences with the use of digital information and communication technologies (DICT), in specific use of blog, in the teaching of Chemistry. The planned experience took place over two months and was carried out in high school classes of public school. Other technological determinist theories affirm that the technologies are the responsible to determine the socio-historical directions of the context. The results showed that the structural conditions of classroom, computer lab and internet access at home greatly influence the achievement of activities using digital technologies. On the part of the students, it was observed that their engagement is not directly linked to the use of a TDIC, but to the type of activity that is performed through them. Thus, the blog, when used pedagogically, can motivate the interest of the students, but the fact of being an internet tool does not guarantee this. It is possible to conclude, therefore, that theories directed at technological determinism are questionable, since only the presence of technology can not meet the pedagogical needs of the educational process; It continues to depend on the teaching action and the learning situation.

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Falk, Raphael. "Biology comes of age." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 59, no. 4 (May 6, 2013): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2013.898403.

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Life sciences became Biology, like Physics and Chemistry, only in the 19th century, when researchers turned to reductive, determinist experimental methodologies. Whereas theories like that of the cell and that of Faktoren-of-inheritance provided the elementary units of life, Darwinism provided the framework for the diversity of life and its evolution. Only towards the second half of the 20th century did biologists realize that once living systems were constructed, it was systems analysis that became the focus of understanding living structures and functions.

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Constantinescu, Cătălin. "Fiction May Confront Theories. Locating Determinism of the Newspeak in G. Orwell’s 1984." Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 7, no. 2 (December 17, 2021): 216–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/mjcst.2021.12.14.

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The paper focuses on the relationships between theory and practice and the consequences of dislocating theory from practice as they are illustrated through fiction. The case study carried out here concerns an exemplary novel, Ninety Eighty-Four by George Orwell, observing how the literary discourse can display a confrontation between two linguistic models, each resulted from a different theory: “instrumentalism” (Winston Smith) and “determinism” (O’ Brien). Also, the possibility of identifying an Orwellian model as opposed to the Sapir-Whorf and the linguistic models deserves examination. Newspeak is full of problematic aspects: ideology shapes the language by means of “wooden language” (la langue de bois, in Françoise Thom’s terms). Therefore, the historical “regime of relevance” (Galin Tihanov) makes possible a peculiar (use of) theory: an instrument that translates the ideology becomes the very essence of the determinist theory on the language in a totalitarian state. In discussing the practical consequences of literary theory, Stanley Fish points out that they are inexistent, because theory can never be united with practice, as it is actually impossible to separate theory from practice – a similar observation made by Steven Knapp and Walter B. Michaels. Whether consequences are real poses a challenge: following Edward Said’s argument, Steven Mailloux observes that theory can be consequential by rhetorical means: theory does what all discursive practices do and that is that it attempts to persuade its readers (or population in a totalitarian state) to adopt its point of view, its way of seeing texts and the world.

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Strang, Kenneth David. "Logistic Planning with Nonlinear Goal Programming Models in Spreadsheets." International Journal of Applied Logistics 3, no. 4 (October 2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jal.2012100101.

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This is a case study of a coal mining company to demonstrate how algebra principles and nonlinear goal programming can be applied for logistics planning using spreadsheet software. The paper asserts that mathematical programming techniques are not well-accepted by managers because the models are difficult to understand due to abstract notational conventions yet alternative commercial software is inflexible (and sometimes inaccurate). The relevant operations research literature was reviewed, highlighting techniques applicable for analyzing quantitative and qualitative logistics data. A practical supply-demand transportation logistics model was built which included determinist constraints and stochastic costing theories, while applying both linear and nonlinear calculus slope principles. The formulae were explained in algebraic standard form (citing corresponding spreadsheet functions). The logistics problem was optimized, illustrating how 6 mining sites could supply 4 countries with sufficient coal to meet different electricity demand levels, surpassing the break-even goal and projecting annual revenue of over $34 billion.

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Rogers, Lesley J. "Sex Differences in Cognition: The New Rise of Biologism." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 10, no. 1 (May 1993): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200026730.

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AbstractCurrently there is an increase in the number of articles published in scientific journals and in the popular scientific media that claim a biological basis for sex differences in cognition and in certain structures in the brain. It can be argued that there is over-emphasis on the differences rather than similarities between the sexes, but it is even more important to question the assumed causation of the differences. This paper discusses recent evidence for an interactive role of early experience and hormonal condition in determining sex differences in brain structure and function. Although early studies using rats were thought to show that the male sex hormone, testosterone, acts on the brain in early life to direct its differentiation into either the male or female form, it is know known that this result comes about indirectly by changing the mother’s behaviour towards the pups. The hormone does not act on the brain directly but rather it alters the environment in which the young animals are rasied and this, in turn, influences the development of the brain. Indeed, the brain is in dynamic register with its environment both during development and in adulthood. Other examples also show that old ideas of rigid biological determination of brain structure and function need to be laid aside.The hypotheses for hormonal causation of sex differences humans rely heavily, if not exclusively, on the earlier interpretation of the experiments with rats, and there seems to be resistance to changing these notions based on the new discoveries. Apparently, there is strong pressure to cling on to biological determinist theories for sex differences in behaviour, and this has profound effects on social and educational policy. For example, biological determinism has been used to justify under representation of women in certain professions. Realisation of the dramatic effects that environmental stimulation and learning can have on the development of brain and behaviour leads us to an optimistic position for social change towards equality for women.

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Hollis, Martin, and Steve Smith. "Roles and Reasons in Foreign Policy Decision Making." British Journal of Political Science 16, no. 3 (July 1986): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400004415.

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Explaining the foreign policy behaviour of states has proved a particularly difficult task for theorists of international relations. For centuries it relied on an analogy between states and individuals in the state of nature, so that an endemic tendency to international anarchy resulted from states having ‘interests’; systemic, determinist theories could therefore explain foreign policy by appealing to such notions as national interest and power maximization. The elusive, contestable character of these notions later led many analysts to focus on the empirical decision-making process for explanations of foreign policy behaviour. Yet these attempts have run into a fundamental problem: the proper weight to be attached to the perceptions and reasons of the actors. Some of the literature takes the actors very seriously and relies either on a psychology of perception or on a decision-theoretic model of individual choice. Some of it, on the other hand, by-passes the actors altogether and concentrates on such structural features as bureaucratic position. In this article we shall argue the case for a concept of role, requiring a less mechanical view of action than the standard approaches allow, both separately and in combination.

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Laheij, Christian. "Constraints of Piety: The Islamic Revival and the Natural Subject." Journal of Cognition and Culture 11, no. 3-4 (2011): 287–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853711x591260.

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AbstractIn this paper, I take aim at the typical anthropological routine of criticizing universalist assumptions in social theory by contrasting them with non-Western emic models. I do so by following up on one recent instance of this practice, which has been heralded as a testament to what anthropology can still offer to critical social theory: Mahmood’s work on the Islamic piety movement in Egypt, and her claim that the normative subject of liberal feminist theory needs to be denaturalized, because the women involved in the piety movement hold a self-model that is incommensurable with secular-liberal assumptions about action being structured by innate desires for autonomy and freedom. By analyzing ethnographic data on Egyptian Muslim women through the lens of a combination of non-determinist cognitive theories, I show that in order to understand the lives of pious women much can be gained from keeping psychological predispositions for autonomy in mind. Simultaneously, this paper can be read as an attempt to bring cognitive material on attachment, education and epidemiology of representations into conversation with one another, and discover emerging fault lines and potentialities for mutual reinforcement.

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Englert, Sai, Jamie Woodcock, and Callum Cant. "Digital Workerism: Technology, Platforms, and the Circulation of Workers’ Struggles." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 18, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v18i1.1133.

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The use of digital technology has become a key part of contemporary debates on how work is changing, the future of work/ers, resistance, and organising. Workerism took up many of these questions in the context of the factory – particularly through the Italian Operaismo – connecting the experience of the workplace with a broader struggle against capitalism. However, there are many differences between those factories and the new digital workplaces in which many workers find themselves today. The methods of workers’ inquiry and the theories of class composition are a useful legacy from Operaismo, providing tools and a framework to make sense of and intervene within workers’ struggles today. However, these require sharpening and updating in a digital context. In this article, we discuss the challenges and opportunities for a “digital workerism”, understood as both a research and organising method. We use the case study of Uber to discuss how technology can be used against workers, as well as repurposed by them in various ways. By developing an analysis of the technical, social, and political re-composition taking place on the platform, we move beyond determinist readings of technology, to place different technologies within the social relations that are emerging. In particular, we draw attention to the new forms through which workers’ struggles can be circulated. Through this, we argue for a “digital workerism” that develops a critical understanding of how the workplace can become a key site for the struggles of digital/communicative socialism.

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Melo, Fernando Garcez de. "Livro Didático: a construção de uma política educacional e social." Revista Educação e Emancipação 9, no. 1 (July 15, 2016): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2358-4319.v9n1p58-79.

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RESUMOO livro didático é uma ferramenta pedagógica amplamente lida e utilizada no Brasil, embora também descartada e subutilizada, paradoxalmente. Mais do que instrumento pedagógico, é meio difusor de ideologias, de um imaginário social hegemônico, organizador de currículo. Atributos,não raro, conflitantes. Importa que investigar e deslindar esses pontos torna-se profícuo para evitarmos de banalizarmos questões educacionais, principalmente sob o manto de teorias deterministas. Desse modo, traçamos como objetivo compreender a dinâmica de construção da política para o livro didático no Brasil. Metodologicamente, nos valemos de fontes históricas-documentais para analisar o período de 1938 até 1984, a luz da perspectiva historicista de Gramsci, que contribui para tornar compreensível os meandros da política educacional e social elaborada em torno dos livros didáticos. Palavras-chave: Livro didático. Educação. Política educacional.ABSTRACTThe textbook is a widely pedagogical tool read and used in Brazil, but also discarded and underutilized, paradoxically. More than a teaching tool, it is of kind diffuser of ideologies, a hegemonic social imaginary, curriculum organizer. Attributes, often conflicting. It does matter that to investigate and disentangle these points becomes fruitful to avoid to trivialize educational issues, especially under the cloak of determinist theories. Thus, we aimed to understand the policy of building momentum for the textbook in Brazil. Methodologically, we make use of historical-documentary sources to analyze the period 1938 to 1984, the light of the historicist perspective of Gramsci, which helps to make understandable the intricacies of educational and social policy designed around the textbooks.Keywords: Textbook. Education. Educational policy.RESUMENEl libro didáctico es una herramienta pedagógica muy leída y utilizada en Brasil, aunque también descartada y subutilizada, paradójicamente. Más que herramienta pedagógica, es un médio difusor de ideologías, de un imaginario social hegemónico, organizador de plan de estudios. Atributos, no raro, conflictante. Investigar y esclarecer estos puntos se convierte provechoso para evitar banalizar cuestiones educativas, sobre todo bajo el manto de teorías deterministas. Por lo tanto, tenemos como objetivo compreender la dinámica de construcción de la política para ellibro didáctico en Brasil. Metodológicamente, hacemos uso de fuentes históricas documentales para analizar el período 1938 hasta 1984, a la luz de la perspectiva historicista de Gramsci, que contribuye para hacer comprensible los meandros de la política educativa y social diseñada en torno de los libros didácticos.Palabras clave: Libro Didáctico. Eeducación. Política educativa.

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12

Rull, Valentí. "Strong Fuzzy EHLFS: A General Conceptual Framework to Address Past Records of Environmental, Ecological and Cultural Change." Quaternary 1, no. 2 (July 31, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat1020010.

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Although the interpretation of Quaternary records of interrelated environmental–ecological–human processes is necessarily complex, it is often addressed using too-simple deterministic approaches. This paper suggests a holistic framework called EHLFS (Environmental–Human–Landscape Feedbacks and Synergies) to tackle Quaternary complexity. The EHLFS scheme is a multiple-working-hypotheses framework, able to account for the particular nature of Quaternary research, and is used in combination with the strong inference method of hypothesis testing. The resulting system is called the strong fuzzy EHLFS approach. This approach is explained in some detail and compared with the more extended simplistic determinisms—namely the environmental determinism and the human determinism—as well as with dual determinisms or deterministic approaches based on two contrasting and apparently contradictory and excluding hypotheses or theories. The application of the strong EHLFS methodology is illustrated using the Late Holocene ecological and cultural history of Easter Island since its initial human settlement, a topic that has traditionally been addressed using simplistic and dual deterministic approaches. The strong fuzzy EHLFS approach seems to be a robust framework to address past complex issues where environment, humans and landscape interact, as well as an open system able to encompass new challenging evidence and thorough changes in fundamental research questions.

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Al-Shami, Samer, Abdullah Al Mamun, Safiah Sidek, and Nurulizwa Rashid. "Causes of failure among Malaysian female entrepreneurs." Qualitative Research in Financial Markets 12, no. 1 (November 23, 2019): 43–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-12-2018-0142.

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Purpose This paper aims to explore the specific causes of failure among Malaysian female entrepreneurs who were provided with financial services by the microfinance institution: Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) to start up their own businesses. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts a qualitative-based case study design approach, with data collected from a total of 18 female entrepreneurs who had failed to develop their businesses. In-depth personal interviews were conducted, coupled with personal observation via purposive cum snowball sampling. Findings Thematic analysis revealed a pattern-based outcome which discloses a variety of causes affecting the failure of Malaysian female entrepreneurship. These causes ranged from inter-related external factors which were perceived as beyond their control, such as personal life events, intensive competition and loan inflexibility to internal causes, which were related to lack of resources, poor financial management and personal dissatisfaction with their own business performance. Research limitations/implications The findings of this study provide valuable information for Malaysian economic policymakers in how to practically address the objectives of the National Women's Policy (NPW) and improve the innovative quality of their products and services. A thorough understanding of the specific obstacles facing female entrepreneurs in Malaysia is essential if policymakers are to improve opportunity exploitation efficiency and assist in mitigating the external and internal causes of business failure among Malaysian females. Originality/value Studies in this field have demonstrated that most new “start-ups” fail within three years of their establishment. While determinist, emotive and voluntarist theories can often provide an adequate explanation for the causes of business failure, it is clear that no single factor is usually responsible. Rather, multiple interrelated factors are found to be at play. This study, therefore, provides an integrative model for causes of business failure among small-business female entrepreneurs. It also represents one of only a few such studies in the literature and, to the best of knowledge at the time of writing, is the first such study that used an integrative approach to explain the causes of business failure in the Malaysian context.

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Hole, Arne. "Predictability in deterministic theories." International Journal of Theoretical Physics 33, no. 5 (May 1994): 1085–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01882755.

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Blasone, Massimo, Petr Jizba, and Giuseppe Vitiello. "Quantum Limit of Deterministic Theories." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 72, Suppl.C (January 2003): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsjs.72sc.50.

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Moxnes, John F., and Kjell Hausken. "Stochastic Theories and Deterministic Differential Equations." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2010 (2010): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/749306.

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We discuss the concept of “hydrodynamic” stochastic theory, which is not based on the traditional Markovian concept. A Wigner function developed for friction is used for the study of operators in quantum physics, and for the construction of a quantum equation with friction. We compare this theory with the quantum theory, the Liouville process, and the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Analytical and numerical examples are presented and compared.

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Hossenfelder, Sabine. "Testing Super-Deterministic Hidden Variables Theories." Foundations of Physics 41, no. 9 (May 18, 2011): 1521–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10701-011-9565-0.

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18

Binder, Arnold, and Susan L. Polan. "The Kennedy-Johnson Years, Social Theory, and Federal Policy in the Control of Juvenile Delinquency." Crime & Delinquency 37, no. 2 (April 1991): 242–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128791037002006.

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The programs implemented under the social policy of the Kennedy-Johnson administrations included, as substantial components, those aimed at the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency. Influential in determining operational directions for the delinquency programs were theories particularly prominent during the 1960s-opportunity and labeling. From the perspectives of long-lasting results and continuity of policy, the approaches were not successful. There would seem, however, as much reason to question the modes of execution of theorems as the adequacy of theories to account for the failures.

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Gea-Banacloche, Julio. "Causality, determinism, and physics." American Journal of Physics 90, no. 11 (November 2022): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/5.0087017.

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Although physical laws or theories are often invoked in debates over “causality” and “determinism,” our best current understanding of physics assigns only a limited (though still very broad) validity to these concepts. It may be, thus, helpful (particularly when having to deal with the challenges posed by quantum mechanics) to think of them as prejudices, extrapolated from our experience with a limited (essentially classical) set of phenomena and/or theoretical models. This paper discusses how, over time, different physical theories have either reinforced or challenged these prejudices, focusing specifically on conservative “Laplacian” mechanics, dissipative mechanics (thermal physics), and quantum mechanics.

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Vervoort, Louis, and Tomasz Blusiewicz. "Free will and (in)determinism in the brain: a case for naturalized philosophy." THEORIA. An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science 35, no. 3 (October 16, 2020): 345–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/theoria.21302.

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In this article we study the question of free will from an interdisciplinary angle, drawing on philosophy, neurobiology and physics. We start by reviewing relevant neurobiological findings on the functioning of the brain, notably as presented in (Koch 2009); we assess these against the physics of (in)determinism. These biophysics findings seem to indicate that neuronal processes are not quantum but classical in nature. We conclude from this that there is little support for the existence of an immaterial ‘mind’, capable of ruling over matter independently of the causal past. But what, then, can free will be ? We propose a compatibilist account that resonates well with neurobiology and physics, and that highlights that free will comes in degrees – degrees which vary with the conscious grasp the ‘free’ agent has over his actions. Finally, we analyze the well-known Libet experiment on free will through the lens of our model. We submit this interdisciplinary investigation as a typical case of naturalized philosophy: in our theorizing we privilege assumptions that find evidence in science, but our conceptual work also suggests new avenues for research in a few scientific disciplines.

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Frenkel, Stephen. "Old Theories in New Places? Environmental Determinism and Bioregionalism∗." Professional Geographer 46, no. 3 (August 1994): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.1994.00289.x.

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Liu, Guangcan, Qingshan Liu, Xiao-Tong Yuan, and Meng Wang. "Matrix Completion with Deterministic Sampling: Theories and Methods." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 43, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 549–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2019.2937869.

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Şteff̌anescu, Gheorghe. "On flowchart theories Part I. The deterministic case." Journal of Computer and System Sciences 35, no. 2 (October 1987): 163–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0000(87)90011-0.

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Bitzenis, Aristidis P., and Pyrros D. Papadimitriou. "The Universal Model of theories determining FDI revisited." International Journal of Trade and Global Markets 4, no. 4 (2011): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtgm.2011.042861.

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Brown, H. R., and G. Svetlichny. "Nonlocality and Gleason's lemma. Part I. Deterministic theories." Foundations of Physics 20, no. 11 (November 1990): 1379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01883492.

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Santoso, Bedjo, Widodo Widodo, Muhammad Taufiq Akbar, Khaliq Ahmad, and Rahmat Heru Setianto. "The Determinant of Sukuk Rating: Agency Theory and Asymmetry Theory Perspectives." Risks 10, no. 8 (July 27, 2022): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks10080150.

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This research aims to develop a determinant variable of the Sukuk rating derived from agency and asymmetry theories. This research is essential because Sukuk or Islamic Bonds is needed in Indonesia, with 85% of its population out of 320 million people being Muslim. Many studies on the determinants of Sukuk ratings have been conducted and are still trending research. However, they are rarely observed from the perspective of agency and asymmetry theories, which are the basis for the relationship between principals and investors. The relationship produces three primary variables in the Sukuk rating determinants, namely financial disclosure quality (FDQ), accounting-based risks (ABRs), and earnings management (EM). This research used 570 panel annual reports from 2018 to 2020 and involved 190 firm-issued Sukuk. Meanwhile, the variables’ reflection used several indicators. SEM (structural equation modeling) was used for the statistical analysis with the help of PLS—primarily smart PLS version. The results exposed that FDQ, ABRs, and EM derived from the two theories are affected significantly by the determinant of the Sukuk rating. In comparison, earnings management successfully moderates the FDQ and Sukuk rating variables but fails to moderate the ABRs to the Sukuk rating. The conclusion also revealed that these relationship theories are fundamental in developing the Sukuk rating. However, the variables should be more complex for future research. With significant results, the agency and asymmetry theories proxied by three variables can explain the Sukuk rating. Accordingly, these theories are relevant as approaches in determining important factors of the Sukuk rating.

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Demetradze, Marine R. "Determining Factors of Socio-Cultural Strategy in Modernization Theories." Observatory of Culture 19, no. 4 (September 5, 2022): 340–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2022-19-4-340-349.

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There are numerous works of both Russian and foreign authors concerning the issue of modernization, yet interest toward it is far from exhausted. While complexity of globalization processes grows, modernization constantly presents us with new challenges, thus demanding new approaches in research. This article represents our attempt to rethink existing concepts in order to prove the preference of deploying research in a socio-cultural direction, which may ensure priority of the human factor, social partnership and social equality in the global arena, as, without these, modernization also loses its socio-cultural perspective and content. Most certainly, this new idea requires a sociocultural model of modernization to be created, as well as a corresponding methodology. However, we are forced to narrow the postulate of the topic, as the justification of the need for such a model raises certain questions, namely: why exactly it is needed, and what factors hindering its development are present in existing modernization theories. Therefore, the following tasks have been prioritized: highlighting the positive aspects of the three stages of modernization theory, changing the paradigms of research approaches, creating the principles of interdisciplinarity by the American school of social scientists, determining the role of science in the institutionalization of these processes. The article highlights as determining factors of the socio-cultural modernization strategy the political motives for creating the modernization theory, leading to an increase in the status of strong states over weak ones, to an imbalance in the development of different societies, subordination of the weak to the powerful. Unlike many researchers who associate the leap in human progress with the Industrial Revolution and the Great French Revolution, the author believes that the true origins of the phenomenon should be found in the Scientific Revolution of the Western countries of the 16th—17th centuries. After all, the basis and driving force of modernization consist of intellectual capital and the middle class. The article also provides examples of practical application of scientific discoveries, its destructive and positive influence on Western societies in the era of rapid changes, giving examples to all humanity. In conclusion, the article defines the socio-cultural model of modernization.

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Reznikoff, Iegor. "A class of deductive theories that cannot be deterministic." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 410 (February 8, 2013): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/410/1/012052.

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't Hooft, Gerard. "Quantization of discrete deterministic theories by Hilbert space extension." Nuclear Physics B 342, no. 3 (October 1990): 471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(90)90323-6.

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Hill, David A. "Electromagnetic fields in cavities: Deterministic and statistical theories [Advertisement]." IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 56, no. 1 (February 2014): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/map.2014.6821806.

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Martínez, Sergio. "La objetividad del azar en un mundo determinista." Crítica (México D. F. En línea) 22, no. 65 (December 13, 1990): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iifs.18704905e.1990.741.

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This paper deals with the notion of objective randomness in classical deterministic theories. After the introduction, section 2 establishes an important distinction between a strictly metaphysical thesis of determinism (as characterized in the Montague-Earman definition, for example), and the doctrine of determinism, which can be roughly characterized as a methodological set of principles. The doctrine of determinism is associated with the idea that probability assignments can only reflect our ignorance of facts, and it also grounds the (ontological) thesis of separability: A system or process can be characterized completely in terms of the properties that a system has when in a given state, independently of the properties of other systems, The key notions of "completeness" and "independence" are only briefly discussed, as they are examined more in depth elsewhere. Section three examines attempts to characterize a notion of objective randomness in ergodic theory. The characterization can be seen to be equivalent to the formulation of a notion of a "physically impossible process". One way of expressing this idea is grounded on the thesis of the "coarse graining" of our measuring instruments. This leads to the problem of distinguishing "objective" from "apparent" randomness. The problem seems to be intrinsic to any attempt of characterizing the required notion of physical impossibility (and thus of objective randomness) in terms of an ideal observer. The alternative of trying to characterize physical impossibility in terms of a theory of algorithms suffers from the difficulty that it is not clear what would be the required notion of (non-epistemic) computability. The "coarse graining" approach, as well as the alternative in terms of a theory of algorithms seem to share the usual confusion between a strictly metaphysical thesis of determinism and the (methodological) doctrine of determinism. In section four an alternative approach is suggested. It is noticed that a denial of the thesis of separability is compatible with a strict deterministic theory, and thus that at least some classical systems (the "statistical" ones) can be described in terms of non-separable states. We do not have to think that the impossibility of preparing a classical state is too only possible explanation for physical (objective) randomness in deterministic theories. This proposal is an elaboration of an idea of Blatt (1959), although Blatt was still trying to understand objective randomness within an ideal-observer framework.[S.M.]

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32

Lewandowska, Boguslawa. "Evolution and Scientific Theories of Changeability." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 22, no. 1 (2010): 115–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis2010221/25.

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Evolutionary processes are conditioned both by unique phenomena and probabilistic ones. Given probabilistic factors, one may speak of changeability of evolution. This essay attempts to model evolutionary processes by modeling changeability in the natural sciences. Yet a framework of determinism and indeterminism appears inadequate to apprehend evolutionary processes. Autodeterminism is a more promising framework for addressing the causal, functional, and probabilistic dimension of evolution. Such an approach ensures the possibility of perceiving and presenting the complexity of evolution. The essay proposes that the synthetic theory of evolution conjoins factors of evolution, determinism, and changeability. The question still remains whether one can say that real being, which exists in the stream of time, is the subject of philosophy. This puzzle may be resdved by showing that besides the scientific cognition of nature, there is another possible cognition--the philosophical cognition. This is reflected in a significant group of problems of philosophical cosmology which are not addressed by the natural sciences due to their research methods.

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33

Shormanbayeva, D. G., Ye N. Ivleva, and M. А. Seydinova. "Theories of information societies in the context of network identity." Bulletin of the Karaganda university History.Philosophy series 3, no. 103 (September 30, 2021): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021hph3/197-202.

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In the modern social philosophy the problem of determining the ontology of the social reality that followed the industrial society is topical as never before. Topicality and variability of the problem resulted in creating an abundance of theoretical concept of society, which often oppose. The article uses the notions of «information», «modern», «network» societies as equal, since having different methodological and research base, these categories come from the analysis of one and the same social phenomenon: formation and development of the new type society that is different from the industrial and post-industrial societies. Such a society features the increasing role of information, knowledge and information technologies, increase in the number of people engaged in information technologies, communications and manufacture of information products and services, creation of global information space ensuring the effective informational interaction between individuals via the access to global information resources, informational products and services, which in its turn brings up the problem of personality adaptation to the altered social and cultural environments. The article discusses the theories of M. McLuhan, A. Toffler and M. Castells as theorists of post-industrial society, who consider the communication technology as a decisive factor of the process of forming this or that social economic system. The authors analyze problems of network communities existence, their influence on a human and his identity in the context of these theories.

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34

Rodd, Rosemary. "The Challenge of Biological Determinism." Philosophy 62, no. 239 (January 1987): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819100038614.

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Biological theories about the nature and origin of ethics are important, j both because they may be largely true, and because distorted versions are sometimes effective in moulding people's ethical beliefs in curious i ways. The pernicious effects (real and supposed) which sometimes follow the application of biology to ethics stem from an assortment of misinterpretations, while, correctly interpreted, even the most extreme biological determinism need not be supposed to diminish the worth of conscious individuals, nor be incompatible with genuinely ethical behaviour.

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35

Doan Khoi, Le Nguyen. "Factors Determining Business Growth of Women Entrepreneurship." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210815.

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This paper provided a review of literature on theories and determinants of business growth of women entrepreneurship. Whereas the core objective of paper focused on entrepreneurship and theories of small business growth belong to women’ owner. The discussions on the factors determining small business growth by looking at the various factors that contribute to women entrepreneurship. These factors related to individual and demographic characteristics of the business owner, business characteristics and the general business environment that include socio-cultural values and government policies and regulations. Keywords: women entrepreneurship, business growth, factors.

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36

Vorontsova, A. "THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF FACTORS DETERMINING LABOR MIGRATION." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 3 (2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2020.3-2.

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Mechanical movements of the population in the form of migrations constantly accompanied the development of mankind. In this regard, scientists at different times were interested in the reasons that can cause migration waves and, accordingly, ways to manage this phenomenon at the state level. This article is devoted to the study of basic scientific approaches and economic theories on the selection of factors that cause migration in general and labor migration in particular. To accomplish the task, the author analyzes the main generally accepted economic theories, in particular: mercantilism, classical economic theory, marxism, neoclassical theory, keynesianism, monetarism and more. In addition, the selection of factors that provoke migration in the theories of socio-economic orientation as a theory of human capital and social networks, structural-historical approach was considered. The next step the author explored a more specific economic direction - migration theories (classical theory of E. Ravenstein, the theory of pull-push factors E. Lee, a new economic theory of labor migration, dual theory of labor market, the theory of relative differences, the theory of world systems, the concept of mobile transition , synthetic theory of international migration, etc.). Based on the theoretical analysis, it can be argued that the factors that cause migration can be classified on various grounds. The most characteristic of these are the selection of objective and subjective reasons; controlled, partially and uncontrolled; micro-, macro-level; social and natural nature; economic, social, political, ethnic, psychological, pedagogical nature, etc. The conducted research makes a thorough theoretical basis for further work in this direction.

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37

Glushkov, V. N. "Excitation Energies from a Partially Spin-Restricted Wave Function." Computing Letters 3, no. 1 (March 6, 2007): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157404007779994223.

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A singe Slater determinant consisting of restricted and unrestricted, in spins, parts is proposed to construct a reference configuration for singlet excited states having the same symmetry as the ground one. A partially restricted Hartree-Fock approach is developed to derive amended equations determining the spatial molecular orbitals for singlet excited states. They present the natural base to describe the electron correlation in excited states using the wellestablished spin-annihilated perturbation theories. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated by calculations of electronic excitation energies for the Be atom and LiH molecule.

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38

Janotta, Peter, and Haye Hinrichsen. "Generalized probability theories: what determines the structure of quantum theory?" Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 47, no. 32 (July 23, 2014): 323001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/47/32/323001.

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39

Friebe, Cord. "Metaphysics of laws and ontology of time." THEORIA. An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science 33, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/theoria.17178.

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At ﬁrst glance, every metaphysics of laws (Humeanism, primitivism, Power metaphysics) can be combined with every ontology of time (eternalism, growing block, presentism). In contrast, the paper intends to show that Humeanism requires eternalism and that Power metaphysics must presuppose an existentially dynamical view of temporal existence, i.e. growing block or presentism. The presented arguments turn out to be completely independent of whether the laws of nature are deterministic or probabilistic: the world is non-productive and static or productively dynamical, the future be ‘open’ or not.

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40

Rodabaugh, S. E. "Relationship of Algebraic Theories to Powerset Theories and Fuzzy Topological Theories for Lattice-Valued Mathematics." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2007 (2007): 1–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/43645.

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This paper deals with a broad question—to what extent is topology algebraic—using two specific questions: (1) what are the algebraic conditions on the underlying membership lattices which insure that categories for topology and fuzzy topology are indeed topological categories; and (2) what are the algebraic conditions which insure that algebraic theories in the sense of Manes are a foundation for the powerset theories generating topological categories for topology and fuzzy topology? This paper answers the first question by generalizing the Höhle-Šostak foundations for fixed-basis lattice-valued topology and the Rodabaugh foundations for variable-basis lattice-valued topology using semi-quantales; and it answers the second question by giving necessary and sufficient conditions under which certain theories—the very ones generating powerset theories generating (fuzzy) topological theories in the sense of this paper—are algebraic theories, and these conditions use unital quantales. The algebraic conditions answering the second question are much stronger than those answering the first question. The syntactic benefits of having an algebraic theory as a foundation for the powerset theory underlying a (fuzzy) topological theory are explored; the relationship between these two specific questions is discussed; the role of pseudo-adjoints is identified in variable-basis powerset theories which are algebraically generated; the relationships between topological theories in the sense of Adámek-Herrlich-Strecker and topological theories in the sense of this paper are fully resolved; lower-image operators introduced for fixed-basis mathematics are completely described in terms of standard image operators; certain algebraic theories are given which determine powerset theories determining a new class of variable-basis categories for topology and fuzzy topology using new preimage operators; and the theories of this paper are undergirded throughout by several extensive inventories of examples.

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41

Thompson, C. "High-Technology Theories and Public Policy." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 7, no. 2 (June 1989): 121–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c070121.

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In this paper, six emerging strands of high-technology theory are reviewed, and are compared with each other for their utility and relevance to public policy. Although each has different particular strengths and weaknesses, their general determinism and reliance on market environments are found to be at odds with a conception of high technology as essentially an uncertain, premarket, or extramarket, phenomenon in which institutions, individuals, and place have key roles. The conclusion is that a more appropriate framework, such as a high-tech version of ‘adjustment theory’, would emphasize instead a central role for state activity in managing uncertainty, the importance of decisions by limited key individuals, and the historicogeographical characteristics of local settings.

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42

Bostan, Ionel, Aliona Bîrcă, Viorel Țurcanu, and Christiana Sandu. "Systemic Approach to Management Control through Determining Factors." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 11, no. 4 (October 22, 2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm11040065.

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This article aimed to analyse the influence of the main factors on management control used in optimization activities, in order to reach the strategic goals of a company. Agency, transactional costs and contingency theories have been analysed from the traditional perspective. This study reviewed resource-based, institutional, planned behaviour and upper echelon theories, and underlined the main features of management control processes. Empirical evaluation was conducted using data collected from interviews of top management of the main and secondary segments of the Bucharest Stock Exchange. Consequently, we showed the specific features of the systemic approach to management control by means of its determining factors: control environment, management strategies and budgetary system, operational control and the performance appraisal system.

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43

Kim, Chang Sub. "Statistical work-energy theorems in deterministic dynamics." Journal of the Korean Physical Society 67, no. 2 (July 2015): 273–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/jkps.67.273.

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44

Harrison, Michael A. "Iteration Theorems for Deterministic Families of Languages." Fundamenta Informaticae 9, no. 4 (October 1, 1986): 481–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-1986-9406.

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In this paper, we consider the problem of finding iteration theorems for various subfamilies of deterministic languages. Because deterministic languages are constrained in their generation, it is not possible to merely “pump substrings” as in the general context free case. We lay out, in detail, a collection of techniques for proving theorems of this type for deterministic context free languages.

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45

Emelyanov, D. Yu, and S. V. Sudoplatov. "On Deterministic and Absorbing Algebras of Binary Formulas of Polygonometrical Theories." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University 20 (2017): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/1997-7670.2017.20.32.

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46

Borys, A. "Elementary deterministic theories of frequency and amplitude stability in feedback oscillators." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems 34, no. 3 (March 1987): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcs.1987.1086136.

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47

Losonczy, Anna Kornélia, and Annamária Orbán. "Understanding Centrality Theories •." Építés - Építészettudomány 50, no. 1-2 (March 4, 2022): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/096.2021.00048.

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The study is based on the re-combination or synthesis of international scientific literature, and the definition of the notions center, and sub-center. A conceptual-structural framework of socio-spatial characteristics of centers (and sub-centers) is set up, these factors are essential elements of making, maintaining, and rehabilitating a city: Market and Competition; Node and Pole; Faith; Power; Security; Mixture; and Identity. In an evaluation matrix, the meta-physical characteristics (that are the determining factors of the physical attributes) of these archetypes are drawn. Based on famous theorists, three types of city forms are distinguished: the “traditional / organic”, the “modern / planned”, and the “contemporary / disjointed” ones. We argue that the historical, theoretical-conceptual background of the triple division is comprehensible. However, this trichotomy lacks some essential elements, “measurable” aspects of city centers – outlined in our study –, which are important in contemporary urban processes and support more realistic urban planning.Tanulmányunkban – nemzetközi szakirodalmi kutatás alapján – definiáljuk a központ és az alközpont fogalmakat. Meghatározzuk a központok (és az alközpontok) téri-társadalmi jellemzőinek konceptuális és strukturális keretrendszerét. Ezek az alkotóelemek – Piac és Verseny; Csomópont és Pólus; Hit; Hatalom; Biztonság; Vegyesség; Identitás – a város alapításának, fenntartásának és megújításának feltételei. Egy értékelő mátrix segítségével összegezzük ezen archetípusok metafizikai jellemzőit, és amellett érvelünk, hogy ezek determinálják a központok fizikai tulajdonságait. Elismert szerzőkre hivatkozva ismertetjük a legelfogadottabb városmodellek hármas felosztását: a hagyományos / organikus, a modern / tervezett és a kortárs / széttagolt tipológiát. Azt állítjuk, hogy a hármas felosztás történelmi, elméleti-konceptuális háttere megalapozott. Ugyanakkor ez a hármasság nem foglalja magában azokat a „mérhető” – a tanulmányban felvázolt – szempontokat, amelyek segítségével a valósághoz jobban közelítő, a tervezési gyakorlatban könnyebben alkalmazható központmodellek vázolhatók fel.

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Moxnes, John F., and Kjell Hausken. "Introducing Randomness into First-Order and Second-Order Deterministic Differential Equations." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2010 (2010): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/509326.

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We incorporate randomness into deterministic theories and compare analytically and numerically some well-known stochastic theories: the Liouville process, the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, and a process that is Gaussian and exponentially time correlated (Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise). Different methods of achieving the marginal densities for correlated and uncorrelated noise are discussed. Analytical results are presented for a deterministic linear friction force and a stochastic force that is uncorrelated or exponentially correlated.

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Wisniewski, Remigiusz, Iwona Grobelna, and Andrei Karatkevich. "Determinism in Cyber-Physical Systems Specified by Interpreted Petri Nets." Sensors 20, no. 19 (September 28, 2020): 5565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195565.

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In this paper, we study selected aspects of determinism in the control part of a cyber-physical system (CPS) that is specified by a Petri net-based model. In particular, the control interpreted Petri nets (CIPNs) are applied, which are an extension of the ordinary Petri nets, supplemented by signals (related to sensors and actuators) that permit communication with the environment. The notions of weak and strong determinism in a system described by a CIPN are introduced in the paper. The proposed concepts are supported by formal definitions and theorems. Moreover, a novel modelling methodology for a deterministic system specified by a CIPN is proposed. The presented solutions are illustrated by a case study example of a real-life cyber-physical system. Finally, the results of experimental verification of the proposed determinism-based techniques are demonstrated and discussed.

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Goonatilake, Rohitha, and Sofia C. Maldonado. "Essentials of Novel Inventory Management Systems." Engineering Management Research 7, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/emr.v7n1p31.

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Keeping inventories adequately maintained to meet the demands of future sales or uses in business enterprises determines the extent of business’s success. Hence, a successful inventory management is necessary, in particular, guided by the formulating of deterministic, stochastic, and probabilistic models. This essentially describes optimal inventory policies in terms of when and how to replenish the inventory. In this paper, we discuss several basic considerations used in determining inventory models that address the needs of current manufacturing and business enterprises. Theories and essentials supported by the novel approaches are integrated to reflect the representation of many actual situations. Multi-product and multi-facility models are given additional consideration at the end.

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