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Academic literature on the topic 'Détecteur SoLi∂'
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Journal articles on the topic "Détecteur SoLi∂"
Khalil, A., F. Membrey, M. Fromm, and A. Chambaudet. "Ouvertures de traces développées de particules α dans un détecteur polymérique (CR39) : modélisation et vérification expérimentale." Canadian Journal of Physics 73, no. 3-4 (March 1, 1995): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p95-030.
Full textPop, Mirel, Iulia Bucur, Dan Zoldan, Kálmán Imre, Ileana Nichita, Gașpar Cristina, Andreea Tîrziu, and Emil Tîrziu. "Chemical and Microbiological Air Quality in a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill and Its Surroundings, in South-Eastern Romania." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010156.
Full textMwageni, Werner, Vivian Blok, Andrew Daudi, George Bala, Keith Davies, Casper Netscher, Abdoussalam Sawadogo, et al. "The importance of tropical root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and factors affecting the utility of Pasteuria penetrans as a biocontrol agent." Nematology 2, no. 8 (2000): 823–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100750112789.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Détecteur SoLi∂"
Yeresko, Mykhailo. "Search for antineutrino disappearance with the SoLi∂ detector : novel reconstruction, calibration and selection." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UCFAC127.
Full textThis thesis presents the search for active-to-sterile antineutrino oscillations with the SoLi∂ detector, which has an innovative concept based on a sandwich of composite polyvinyl-toluene and 6LiF:ZnS(Ag) scintillators. Three main contributions to this search are reported. The first one describes the new reconstruction method based on the ML-EM algorithm. It is aimed at transformation of the raw detector response to the list of positions (with dedicated energies) where actual physics interaction in the detector took place. The second one describes the energy calibration of the detector. It includes both relative calibration with the cosmic horizontal muons and exploration of several options for the absolute energy scale derivation. Finally, the thesis presents a novel method for selecting antineutrino candidates based on the analysis of the electromagnetic part of the inverse beta decay signal and categorising them according to the geometry of the events in the detector (topologies). The analysis was developed blindly and the method was validated with a small fraction of the data sample
Boursette, Delphine. "Neutrino physics with SoLid and SuperNEMO experiments." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS272/document.
Full textNeutrinos are the most abundant fundamental particles of matter in the Universe. They were detected for the first time in 1956. Since then, several experiments have tried to unveil their mysteries. They only interact weakly so they are difficult to detect. It is known that their masses are very low and that they can oscillate between three leptonic flavours. However, several questions remain about their masses, their nature or the existence of sterile neutrinos. This thesis addresses the last two questions with two different experiments: SuperNEMO and SoLid. The goal of the SuperNEMO experiment is to understand the nature of neutrinos, whether it is its own antiparticle (Majorana particle) or not (Dirac particle). This is investigated by searching for neutrinoless double beta decay as this process is possible only if neutrinos are Majorana particles. Source foils of the double beta emitter ⁸²Se are installed at the center of the SuperNEMO demonstrator which is being assembled at the Modane Underground Laboratory. This detector is composed of a wire chamber to detect the tracks of the two electrons emitted in the decays and a calorimeter to measure their energies. Neutrinoless double beta decay measurement is very difficult because if this process exists, it is extremely rare. An important work has thus to be done to decrease backgrounds from cosmic rays or natural radioactivity. In this thesis, different backgrounds have been simulated to understand their impact on the measurement of the energy of the two electrons from ⁸²Se double beta decay. It is shown that radioactivity from photomultipliers glasses will not be negligible but it will be possible to measure it precisely in dedicated channels. Copper foils have also been simulated in the source strips to demonstrate that they can help to control efficiently the backgrounds. Following this work, it has been decided to install copper foils in addition to ⁸²Se foils. The second experiment investigated in this thesis is the SoLid experiment which is looking for the existence of sterile neutrinos. Several experimental anomalies could be explained by oscillations of reactor antineutrinos toward sterile neutrinos. The SoLid detector is looking for an oscillation signal at the Belgian BR2 reactor by measuring the antineutrino flux as a function of their energy and their traveling distance thanks to a fine segmentation. The reactor antineutrinos are detected via inverse beta decay. The antineutrino interaction signal is thus the emission in coincidence of a positron and a neutron. Positrons are detected by plastic scintillator cubes in PVT and neutrons are detected by ⁶LiF:ZnS sheets placed on 2 faces of each cube. A first prototype, SM1, has demonstrated the advantages of this technology, particularly to discriminate backgrounds. A part of the work of this thesis consisted in developing and exploiting a test bench to optimize the light collection of the detector in order to improve the energy resolution of the SoLid detector. By testing different materials and configurations, the test bench measurement demonstrated that an energy resolution of 14 % can be achieved for SoLid phase I, while it was 20 % for the SM1 prototype. The improvements proposed have been taken into account for the SoLid detector construction that was achieved in 2017. An analysis of the first detector data is also presented to show SoLid sensitivity to reactor antineutrino detection
Boursicot, Stéphanie. "Poudres et couches minces de CuₓMo₆S₈ pour capteur électrochimique d’ions de métaux lourds : synthèse par voie chimique en solution et caractérisations." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S160.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis was to synthesize of Chevrel phases powders and thin films, which was realised for the first time by chemical solution deposition, in order to develop an electrochemical sensor for heavy metal ions. In a first part, the conditions of the synthesis of powder using polymeric precursor method have been identified and optimised for thin films on insulating and conductor substrates. Also, a specific process has been developed for reduction treatment, the especially delicate step, in order to synthesize reproducibly Chevrel phases. In a second part, cations have been intercalated and deintercalated electrochemically in Mo₆S₈ and Cu₂Mo₆S₈. Finally, the synthesis of Chevrel phases thin films on TiN / Si results in a good prospect for a portable electrochemical sensor, with a cyclability more than hundred cycles, suitable for the detection of various cations Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺, Ni²⁺ et Co²⁺) with a minimal sensitivity for cadmium in the order of 10⁻⁵ mol. L⁻¹
Le, Guevel Xavier. "Elaboration de sols de silice colloïdale en milieu aqueux : fonctionnalisation, propriétés optiques et de détection chimique des revêtements correspondants." Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR4005.
Full textThe aim of this work was to study surface reactivity of silice nanoparticles through physical and chemical properties of sols and coatings. Appliatons are numerous and they are illustrated in this work by optical coating preparation for laser components and chemical gas sensor development for nitroaromatics detection
Fuxa, Étienne. "Etude théorique du dimensionnement d’une matrice bolométrique au pas de 5µm, par report de dispositifs SOI sur structures suspendues pour des applications dans l’imagerie infrarouge non refroidi." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT116.
Full textThe work reported in this document relates to pixel size reduction in uncooled infrared imaging in the LWIR range. The motivation for such a downsize is pretty straightforward (better matrices performances or lower production costs), achieving this without lowering the pixel performance is a true challenge. That is, for state of the art detectors based on thermistors, pixel downscaling leads to lower signal to noise ratio as well as a decrease in detector thermal isolation that in turn reduces the signal's amplitude. Our work focused on the study of SOI components for use as thermal transducer in a 5µm pixel design. As such we evaluated these components' intrinsic thermal properties to compare expected performance of a 5µm SOI bolometer with that of a state of the art bolometer scaled to the same pixel size, which allowed us to conclude that the interest for SOI bolometers is well-founded. We were also able to confirm that our pixel design is able to maintain sufficient IR absorption, but that the thermal isolation is yet problematic. This problem is however not specific to SOI bolometers and as such does not undermine the interest for SOI detectors for 5µm pixel pitch bolometers for uncooled IR imaging
Rocklin, Pascal. "Conception de sondes de détection et développement de techniques de mesure in situ de la contamination de matrices solides (sols, déchets) par des composés organiques volatils." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL049N.
Full textGutierrez, Sébastien. "Mesures par spectrométrie gamma de l'abondance des radioéléments naturels et artificiels en surface et dans les sols par moyens mobiles (détecteurs au germanium embarqués à bord d'un hélicoptère ou d'un véhicule)." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112097.
Full textUntil the beginning of the 1980's, airborne gamma-ray spectrometry was used above all for geophysical applications and only concerned the measurement of ground concentrations of the three natural radionuclides (40K, 238U, and 232Th). Over the last fifteen years, many measuring systems have been developed for use in the event of a nuclear accident or for environmental monitoring. As part of its programme to improve the performance of its mobile radiological measurement resources, (Hélinuc and Autonuc), the MSA laboratory (Mesures Sol et Aéroportées) has acquired a germanium gamma-ray measurement system, consisting of a High Purity germanium diode of 70% efficiency (ORTEC, Ref. GMX-70- 230-P. S. ), specially designed for airborne use from a helicopter and a digital spectrometer (Numerical Analyser DSPec, ORTEC). Although the sensitivity of the germanium semi-conductor detector is 30 times lower than that of the sodium iodide (NaI) detectors frequently used in airborne spectrometer, its energy resolution is 20 times better, giving more accurate identification of radionuclides, especially when complex spectra are involved. This thesis bas consisted in the conception of an experimental device, in its integration to the nominal mobile measurement device, and in the development of adapted acquisition and treatment software. This work bas came to lead to a validated device and treatment methodologies. Finally, a reflection bas been led on the Ge detectors strategy of use in a accordance with the radiological environment. The possibility to combine several Ge detectors in future, either conjointly or in place of NaI detectors is envisaged with reference to this work
Traore, Issiaka. "Etude et caractérisation des fonctions de réponse des détecteurs solides de traces nucléaires : applications à la dosimétrie radon et neutron." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067060.
Full textDien, Eric. "Elaboration par voie chimique et caractérisations physiques de films minces à base de matériaux ferroélectriques du type Ba1-xSrXTio3." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO0016.
Full textBahout, Jessica. "Fibres optiques dédiées à la détection de rayonnements ionisants : vers une dosimétrie aux extrêmes." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R030.
Full textFor several decades now, monitoring ionizing radiation has been particularly important in places that are difficult to access or even dangerous, especially in harsh environments. Optical fiber is the solution of choice when remote measurement is mandatory. In addition, the optical fibers ensure the spatial separation of the probe, sensitive to radiation, and the electronic processing system, which allows remote measurements in complex geometries. During this work, silica-based glasses developed by the sol-gel route and codoped with active Ce / Tb or Ce / Cu ions were welded to one or two transport fibers to make measurements of dose rates and remote dose. In addition, the presence within the matrix of two types of luminescent centers emitting at different wavelengths makes it possible to extend the spectral range of luminescence. These samples were characterized, before and after 1MGy irradiation, by several spectroscopic techniques. In the case of Cu or Tb doped glasses alone, defects (NBOHC, HC1 ...) have been created after irradiation. Thanks to the presence of the cerium ions in the codoped silica Ce / Cu or Ce / Tb which played a very important role where it protected the matrix and attenuates the creation of certain defects under irradiation. Dosimetric measurements carried out under X-rays made it possible to evaluate the linearity of the RL and OSL signal for the codoped silica glasses Ce / Tb and Ce / Cu. For Ce / Cu codoped glasses, the RL signal has a linear response in the range 0.0011 - 34 Gy / s in Saint-Etienne and between 13.3 µGy / s and 7.3 Gy (SiO2) at Nice and the linearity of OSL has been demonstrated up to 50 Gy in Saint-Etienne and 33 Gy in Nice. Co-coded Ce / Tb glasses showed sensitivity in RL in the dose rate range of between 13.3 µGy / s and 7.3 Gy / s with excellent reproducibility of the measurements. This material has been shown to have an OSL response which remains dose proportional up to 66 Gy (SiO2). Thanks to these results, we deduce that these codoped samples constitute a solution for remote dosimetry measurements in severe environment