Journal articles: 'Desulfurization reaction'

1

Zhang, Baojing, Peizhong Feng, and Tingan Zhang. "Desulfurization of Cu–Fe Alloy Obtained from Copper Slag and the Effect on Form of Copper in Alloy." Materials 15, no. 15 (July 22, 2022): 5110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155110.

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In order to realize the high-value utilization of copper slag, a process for preparing Cu–Fe alloy through the reduction of copper slag is proposed. The sulfur in the alloy exists in the form of matte inclusions, which is different from sulfur in molten iron. The reaction of CaO with Cu2S is difficult. It is necessary to add a reducing agent to promote desulfurization. To avoid the introduction of other elements, Fe–Mn and CaC2 additions were used as desulfurizers for the desulfurization of Cu–Fe alloy. The thermodynamics of the desulfurization reaction were calculated and the experimental process was studied. It was found that the Gibbs free energy of desulfurization reactions was negative for Fe–Mn and that CaC2 can reduce the sulfur in the alloy to 0.0013% and 0.0079%, respectively. The desulfurization process affected the shape of copper in the alloy. Part of copper in this alloy exists in the form of nano-copper spheres, and the size of the spheres is found to increase after desulfurization. Reducing agents can facilitate the desulfurization process of stable sulfides.

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Wang, Ming Hua, Amin Yang, Miao Wang, Xin Yuan Zhang, and Yu Chun Zhai. "Desulfurization of Petroleum Coke via Alkali Calcination." Advanced Materials Research 997 (August 2014): 526–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.997.526.

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Alkali desulfurization of petroleum coke is an important technology, can improve the performance of the final products of petroleum coke, while reducing air pollution. This paper studied the conditions for desulfurization of calcined petroleum coke using NaOH solid powders. The experimental results show that, the grain size in the range of experiment did not seem to influence desulphurization. With the increase of temperature, adding alkali coke ratio, reaction time, desulfurization of petroleum coke rate increased. In the alkali coke ratio of 2, the reaction temperature is 500°C, the reaction time is 2 h, the desulfurization of petroleum coke ratio reached 98.1%. Desulfurization of petroleum coke rate by prolonging the reaction time, to a certain extent, maintains the same level of lowing alkali coke ratio.

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Qiu, Jiang Hua, Guang Hui Wang, Yun Cheng Bao, Yu Qin Zhang, and Dan Lin Zeng. "Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Fuel Oil with Phosphomolybdic Acid Loaded on SiO₂." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2110.

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Phosphomolybdic acid loaded on SiO2 has been prepared as the catalyst by the sol-gel method. The catalysts were evaluated for the oxidative desulfurization of model fuel oil using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. Results show that the calcined temperature, Mo/Si molar ratio, catalyst dosage, H2O2 dosage, reaction temperature and reaction time affect the desulfurization rates. The oxidative reactions fit apparent first-order kinetics, and the apparent activation energies of BT and DBT are 51.87 KJ/mol and 25.79 KJ/mol, respectively.

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Yang, Yong, Hu Peng Yu, Jin Long Jiang, and Yun Hua Qian. "Flue Gas Desulfurization over Copper Oxide Loaded on Complex Carrier of Attapulgite and Activated Carbon." Advanced Materials Research 549 (July 2012): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.549.387.

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Sorbent of CuO loaded on complex carrier of attapulgite and activated carbon was prepared by incipient impregnation method for flue gas desulfurization. The effects of CuO loading, reaction temperature and components in flue gas on the desulfurization performance were investigated in a fixed-bed quartz reactor. The experimental results indicate that the sorbents of 20 wt% CuO loading has a high desulfurization activity under conditions of reaction temperatures 200-250 oC and 21000 h-1, and O2 is necessary for the high desulfurization activity of the sorbents.

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Liu, Hong Lei, Zhi Qi Wang, and Lei Zhang. "Test and Application of Desulfurization Catalyst." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 2577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2577.

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Explains the principle and reaction mechanism of desulfurization catalyst. Introduces the test applying desulfurization catalyst in WFGD (wet flue gas desulfurization) system of 320MW generating units operating in thermal power plant. Desulfurization efficiency is improved significantly by using desulfurization catalyst of 100 μ g/g to 600 μ g/g concentrations. To save electricity, stopping the top level slurry pump is the priority.

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Class, Caleb A., Jorge Aguilera-Iparraguirre, and William H. Green. "A kinetic and thermochemical database for organic sulfur and oxygen compounds." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 20 (2015): 13625–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp05631k.

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Mei, Dan, Junjie Shi, Yuzheng Zhu, Xuemei Xu, Futang Xing, and Ling Shi. "Optimization the operation parameters of SDA desulfurization tower by flow coupling chemical reaction model." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2020-0006.

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AbstractSpray Drying Absorber (SDA) has been widely used for large-scale desulfurization. However, it also has some limitations. For example, the liquid absorbent easily causes scaling, which impedes the contact between the serous fluid and the flue gas and reduces the chemical reaction rate and desulfurization efficiency. This paper establishes the mathematical and physical model of gas and liquid two-phase flow and droplet evaporation and heat transfer in rotary spray desulfurization tower. To study the accumulation and distribution of chemical reaction precipitates in the desulfurization tower and analyze the removal efficiency of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in different atomization diameters, this paper establishes a simulation model concerning the coupling of desulfurization reaction and flow field calculation based on the absorption and reaction mechanism of SO2. Baffle in different widths are set to optimize the internal flow field and balance the distribution of flue gas. By setting baffles of different widths to optimize the flow field in the tower and changing the distribution of flue gas, this model reduces the scaling while ensuring the desulfurization efficiency. The results of the simulation experiment have verified that the droplet with a diameter of 50 μm is the optimal option, which can effectively remove the scaling and ensure that the desulfurizing tower runs in high efficiency and stability. When the width of baffles is 2250 mm, the efficiency of desulfurization exceeds 95%, and the amount of scaling on the desulfurization tower main wall is controlled at the minimum level, which is the optimal option for production.

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8

Yang, Song, Li, and Chen. "Effect of Vanadium and Titanium on Desulfurization of CaO Slag in Liquid Iron." Metals 9, no. 11 (November 19, 2019): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9111239.

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The possibility of vanadium and titanium participating in the CaO desulfurization reaction has been evaluated. The desulfurization products of CaO which were added to liquid iron containing vanadium–titanium in lab conditions were observed. At the early stage of adding CaO, titanium and sulfur ware agglomerated on the surface of CaO particles. The particles were composed of CaO, TiO2, and CaS. However, vanadium oxide was not detected. It was proposed that the titanium rather than the vanadium could react with CaO and sulfur. The desulfurization kinetics experiment showed that the high titanium content in liquid iron reduced desulfurization velocity, while vanadium had little effect on the desulfurization. The reason for this was that the TiO2 which surrounded the CaO particle impeded the mass transfer of sulfur. The vanadium and titanium had a little influence on the final sulfur content of CaO desulfurization. The theoretical discussion of these phenomena was carried out. The controlling reaction of final sulfur content was (CaO) + [S] + [C] = (CaS) + CO(g).

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9

Wang, Baohua, Mingbo Zhang, Rong Zhu, and Shengtao Qiu. "Study of CO2injection on the desulfurization of low-titanium slag." Metallurgical Research & Technology 116, no. 4 (2019): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2018120.

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A new idea that the low-titanium slag (LTS) used in the steelmaking process after CO2injection desulfurization is proposed in this paper. The CO2injection process mainly involves the grinding of low-titanium slag, mixing of slag and water, CO2injection, filtration, and then obtains the low sulfur and low titanium slag. The effects of cooling rates (water cooling, air cooling, crucible cooling, and furnace cooling) and CO2injection on the desulfurization of LTS were studied by both experimental and thermodynamic calculations. The results showed that sulfite and sulfate ions couldn’t be removed from LTS using this method, and the main removal substance in slag was sulfide ion S2−. The desulfurization mechanism with CO2injection was that the CO2injection reacted with H2O to form H2CO3, and then the H+disrupted from H2CO3reacted with the S2−in the slag to achieve desulfurization. During the desulfurization process, the desulfurization reaction was mainly determined by S2− + CO2(aq) + H2O (l) = CO32− + H2S(g) within the first 5 min, and then the main desulfurization reaction was S2− + 2CO2(aq) + 2H2O(l) = 2HCO3− + H2S(g). As the cooling rate decreasing, the desulfurization rate of LTS increased. The desulfurization effect of furnace-cooled slag is the highest in four kinds of slag. The desulfurization rate of furnace-cooled slag reaches 72.28%, which is 4.34, 1.75 and 1.15 times than that of water-cooled slag, air-cooled slag and crucible-cooled slag, respectively. The optimal rate of desulfurization is 80.0%.

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10

Boddapati, S. N. Murthy, Chandra Mohan Kurmarayuni, Baby Ramana Mutchu, Ramana Tamminana, and Hari Babu Bollikolla. "Copper-catalyzed synthesis of 2-aminophenyl benzothiazoles: a novel approach." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 16, no. 37 (2018): 8267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob02018c.

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Substituted 2-aminophenyl benzothiazoles have been constructed from thiourea via copper-catalyzed desulfurization/nucleophilic substitution followed by domino intra- and intermolecular C–N cross-coupling reactions under moderate reaction conditions.

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11

Sun, Ming Zhu, Bing Zhang, Yong Hong Wu, Jing Zhu, and De Zhi Zhao. "The Effect of Ultrasound on Oxidation Desulfurization of Diesel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 470 (December 2013): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.470.150.

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Oxidation desulfurization, particularly to the deep oxidation desulfurization, is one of the most effective routs to meet the environmental requirements prior to the application of diesel. In this article, the author developed an improved way of oxidation desulfurization for diesel by the aid of ultrasound, which opens up a new technology. As the experiment results show that in comparison with traditional oxidation desulfurization, ultrasound-aided oxidation desulfurization for diesel achieves better desulfurization result, along with the reduction of oxidant-oil ratio, reaction temperature and time. In sum, it has proved ultrasound-aided oxidation desulfurization being a facile and significant way with a bright prospect for upgrading diesel.

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12

Shin, Ji Hoon, Yea Ra Kim, Jin Woo Kook, In Seop Kwak, Kyoung-Il Park, Jong-Min Lee, and See Hoon Lee. "Desulfurization Characteristics of Domestic Limestones through Simultaneous Calcination and Desulfurization Reaction." Applied Chemistry for Engineering 26, no. 5 (October 10, 2015): 557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14478/ace.2015.1071.

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13

Hossain, Muhammad Nobi, Myung Kyu Choi, Hoon Chae Park, and Hang Seok Choi. "Purifying of Waste Tire Pyrolysis Oil Using an S-ZrO2/SBA-15-H2O2 Catalytic Oxidation Method." Catalysts 10, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10040368.

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Heavy fuel oils contain a high amount of sulfur. In this work, an extent amount of sulfur content waste tire pyrolysis oil (WTPO) was used as a fuel feedstock. A promising alternative oxidative desulfurization (ODS) method was applied in sulfur removal from WTPO using a S-ZrO2/SBA-15 solid acid catalyst, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an oxidant and acetonitrile as an extracting solvent at varied conditions. The prepared catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Bruanuer-Emmet-Teller (BET) method and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The influence of reaction parameters such as reaction time (30-60 min), catalyst loading (0.5–1.5 wt.%), oxidant to oil mole ratio (5–15) at fixed reaction temperature 70 °C on desulfurization of WTPO were investigated. Taguchi method was selected to design the experiment for optimizing the reaction parameters by maximizing the sulfur removal efficiency. The maximum desulfurization efficiency 59.49% was obtained under optimum conditions reaction time (60 min), catalyst loading (1.0 wt.%) and oxidant to sulfur mole ratio (10:1). A catalytic S-ZrO2/SBA-15 -H2O2 oxidation system for oxidative desulfurization of waste tire pyrolysis oil using at mild reaction conditions was developed.

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14

Zheng, Ziyang, Qian Wu, and Shengyang Zhong. "HPW/PAM Catalyst for Oxidative Desulfurization-Synthesis, Characterization and Mechanism Study." Processes 10, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10020402.

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In this work, polyacrylamide (PAM) was first used in the loading of heteropoly acids, and then the HPM/PAM-n catalyst was synthesized by simple reaction. The FTIR and SEM measurements showed that the HPM/PAM-n (n = 10,000, 20,000, 30,000) was successfully synthesized. In addition, the HPM/PAM-n effect on desulfurization was measured, which showed the optimal desulfurization efficiency. The optimal process condition for HPM/PAM-10000 desulfurization was optimized by a single-factor experiment. The optimal condition was as follows: The temperature was 60 °C, the amount of the catalyst was 0.2 g, the oxygen to sulfur ratio was 16, and the reaction time is 100 min. The catalyst was suitable for recycled use, and the desulfurization efficiency was high after 10 times. In the end, the oxidative desulfurization mechanism was put forward.

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15

Vásquez, Alejandro, Francisco Pérez, Maximiliano Roa, Ignacio Sanhueza, Hugo Rojas, Victor Parra, Eduardo Balladares, Roberto Parra, and Sergio Torres. "A Radiometric Technique for Monitoring the Desulfurization Process of Blister Copper." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 27, 2021): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030842.

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In this paper, a novel optical technique for following the progress of the blister copper desulfurization process is presented. The technique is based on the changes observed in the continuous spectrum of the visible–near-infrared (VIS–NIR) radiation that the blister melt emits while the chemical reactions of the sulfur elimination process are taking place. Specifically, the proposed technique uses an optical probe composed of an optical fiber, a collimating lens, and a quartz tube, which is immersed in the melt. This optical probe provides a field of view of the blowing zone where the desulfurization reaction occurs. The experimental results show that the melt VIS–NIR total irradiance evolves inversely to the SO2 concentration reported by a gas analyzer based on differential optical absorption spectroscopy. Furthermore, the blister copper spectral emissivity as well as the total emissivity observed throughout the process show strong correlation with the sulfur content during desulfurization reaction.

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16

Zhang, Yu Zhu, and Ying Xu. "Study of Dual-Alkali on Sintering Flue Gas Desulfurization." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.304.

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Combining with the characteristics and control methods of sintering flue gas, several common methods for flue gas desulfurization(FGD) and development trend of desulfurization technology were described in this paper. According to characteristics of sintering flue gas and selection principles, dual-alkali method was used in the FGD. Desulfurization process, basic principle and characteristics of the process were studied in detail. By contrast test, the effect of concentration of the desulfurization, flue gas flow and surface active agent on the desulfurization efficiency was investigated in detail through calculating the pH value of the solution before and after desulfurization reaction.

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17

Li, Yunlei, Yanjie Zhang, Panfeng Wu, Caiting Feng, and Ganglin Xue. "Catalytic Oxidative/Extractive Desulfurization of Model Oil using Transition Metal Substituted Phosphomolybdates-Based Ionic Liquids." Catalysts 8, no. 12 (December 8, 2018): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8120639.

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Polyoxometalates based ionic liquids (POM-ILs) exhibit a high catalytic activity in oxidative desulfurization. In this paper, four new POM-IL hybrids based on transition metal mono-substituted Keggin-type phosphomolybdates, [Bmim]5[PMo11M(H2O)O39] (Bmim = 1-butyl 3-methyl imidazolium; M = Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Mn2+), have been synthesized and used as catalysts for the oxidation/extractive desulfurization of model oil, in which ILs are used as the extraction solvent and H2O2 as an oxidant under very mild conditions. The factors that affected the desulfurization efficiency were studied and the optimal reaction conditions were obtained. The results showed that the [Bmim]5[PMo11Co(H2O)O39] catalyst demonstrated the best catalytic activity, with sulfur-removal of 99.8%, 85%, and 63% for dibenzothiophene (DBT), 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT), and benzothiophene (BT), respectively, in the case of extraction combining with a oxidative desulfurization system under optimal reaction conditions (5 mL model oil (S content 500 ppm), n(catalyst) = 4 μmol, n(H2O2)/n(Substrate) = 5, T = 50 °C for 60 min with [Omim]BF4 (1 mL) as the extractant). The catalyst can be recycled at least 8 times, and still has stability and high catalytic activity for consecutive desulfurization. Probable reaction mechanisms have been proposed for catalytic oxidative/extractive desulfurization.

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18

Naruse, Ichiro, Kiyoshi Nishimura, Kazutomo Ohtake, and Teisuke Kawabe. "Characteristics of Desulfurization Reaction by Shells." KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU 21, no. 5 (1995): 904–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.21.904.

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19

Zhang, Panpan, Yibin Tong, Mingyuan Zhu, and Bin Dai. "Oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene catalyzed by molybdenum dioxide immobilized on zirconia-modified silica." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 9 (2020): 3786–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj06182g.

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20

Dharaskar, Swapnil A., Mahesh N. Varma, Diwakar Z. Shende, Chang Kyoo Yoo, and Kailas L. Wasewar. "Synthesis, Characterization and Application of 1-Butyl-3 Methylimidazolium Chloride as Green Material for Extractive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/395274.

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The possible application of imidazolium ionic liquids as energy-efficient green material for extractive deep desulfurization of liquid fuel has been investigated. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [BMIM]Cl was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction of n-methylimidazolium and 1-chlorobutane. Molecular structures of the ILs were confirmed by FTIR,1H-NMR, and13C-NMR. The thermal properties, conductivity, solubility, water content and viscosity analysis of [BMIM]Cl were carried out. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, sulfur compounds, and recycling of IL without regeneration on dibenzothiophene removal of liquid fuel were presented. In the extractive desulfurization process, the removal of dibenzothiophene in n-dodecane using [BMIM]Cl was 81% with mass ratio of 1 : 1, in 30 min at 30°C under the mild reaction conditions. Also, desulfurization of real fuels with IL and multistage extraction were studied. The results of this work might offer significant insights in the perceptive use of imidazoled ILs as energy-efficient green material for extractive deep desulfurization of liquid fuels as it can be reused without regeneration with considerable extraction efficiency.

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21

Liu, Fujie, Ming Zhang, Yongkang Gao, Haojie Tan, Hongping Li, Chao Wang, Wenshuai Zhu, and Huaming Li. "Facile Construction of Magnetic Ionic Liquid Supported Silica for Aerobic Oxidative Desulfurization in Fuel." Catalysts 11, no. 12 (December 9, 2021): 1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11121496.

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With the rapid growth in fuel demand, deep desulfurization of fuel oil is vitally necessary for the sake of health and environmental protection. In this work, a kind of magnetic ionic liquid supported silica is prepared by a facile ball milling method, and applied in the aerobic oxidative desulfurization of organosulfurs in fuel. The experimental results indicated that ball milling procedure can increase the specific surface area of samples, which is beneficial to oxidative desulfurization process. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the prepared materials can have an entire removal of aromatic sulfur compounds as well as a good recycling ability. Moreover, the introduction of Fe3O4 did not decline the desulfurization performance, but help the catalyst to be easily separated after reaction.

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22

Liu, Sheng Yu, Li Chao Nengzi, Cheng Wei Lu, Wei Qiu, and Yun Ming Hu. "Study on the Kinetics of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization by Carbide Slag." Advanced Materials Research 322 (August 2011): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.322.252.

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Current industrial desulfurization processes involve in economic costs, if carbide slag can be used in those processes, the costs will be reduced and the goal treating waste with waste can be achieved. A mathematic reaction model was built based on the chemical reaction of desulfurization by carbide slag, the overall reaction order n=α+β=1.74, the activation energy Ea=21749.56173J/mol and the frequency factor k0=0.349533643 .

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23

Cui, Wen Long, Wen An Deng, Rong Zhuo, Dong Liu, Chuan Li, and Guo He Que. "Distribution and Conversion of Sulfur in Residue Thermal Reaction." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 1792–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.1792.

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Lungu atmospheric residue (LGAR) was separated systematically to analyze the distribution of sulfur in subfractions. Based on this, the distribution and conversion of sulfur in products and residue subfractions were investigated at different thermal reaction temperatures. The result shows that the sulfur in each subfraction of LGAR had the same polarity and distribution tendency as corresponding fraction. At the same thermal reaction temperature, the distribution of sulfur in LGAR was in the descending order of aromatics, asphaltenes, resins I, resins II and saturates, which was similar with the distribution of sulfur before thermal reaction. In addition, a relatively uniform variation trend was found between each subfraction and its sulfur in LGAR thermal reaction, suggesting that the conversion of sulfur in LGAR was accompanied with the cracking and condensation of subfractions during thermal reaction. Moreover, the desulfurization rate of LGAR increased from 55.24% to 69.24%, while the desulfurization rates of LGAR subfractions were at the range of 45%-90% after thermal reaction. The desulfurization rates of both LGAR and subfractions increased with the reaction severity.

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Niu, Feng Xing, Feng Fu, Xiao Ming Gao, Xue Mei Zhang, and Yu Fei Wu. "Preparation of Kaolin/Cu₂O Photocatalyst and its Application in the Photocatalytic Oxidation-Extraction Desulfurization." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 878–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.878.

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A type of visible light photocatalyst kaolin/Cu2O was prepared from kaolin, CuCO3·Cu(OH)2·XH2O, NaOH and C6H12O6 by means of hydrothermal method and was characterized by XRD, SEM and UV-vis. The desulfurization process for model fuel was studied based on a combination of photochemical reaction and liquid-liquid extraction. The effects of the doping of kaolin, volume of air, reaction time, and dosage of photocatalyst kaolin/Cu2O on the desulfurization efficiency were also investigated. When the load kaolin ratio of 20%, reaction time is 2 h, the volume of O2 is 150 mL·min-1, the amount of kaolin/Cu2O is 2 g·L-1 and solvent/oil ratio of 0.5, the desulfurization rate of model compound reached over 97 %.

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Zhao, Xiao Wei, Shang Guan Ju, Hui Qing Wang, Li Ping Liu, and Jie Mi. "Regeneration Kinetics Study of Fe₂O₃ Desulfurization Sorbents in SO₂ Atmosphere." Materials Science Forum 859 (May 2016): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.859.146.

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The influences of the regeneration temperature and SO2volume fraction on regeneration kinetics behavior of Fe2O3 sorbent as a high-temperature desulfurization sorbent were researched by TGA (Thermos gravimetric analyzer) in this work. The main regeneration product of iron oxide desulfurization sorbent was Fe2O3 and sulfur in SO2 atmosphere which has an important practical significance for pollution control of H2Sandrecycleofsulfur. The results indicate that Fe2O3 desulfurization sorbent was completely regenerated at temperature of 725-775 °C and the higher regeneration temperature and volume fraction of SO2 is benefit to improve regeneration reaction rate. The regeneration reaction of Fe2O3 sorbent in SO2atmosphere can be first order reaction obtained by the equivalent grain model, and the controlling process of regeneration reaction is change from the chemical reaction control to the diffusion control in the whole regeneration process. The chemical reaction apparent activation energy and the corresponding frequency factor of chemical reaction are 145.31 kJ/mol and 0.0063 m/s, respectively. And that of diffusion are 50.73 kJ/mol and 4.38×10-3 m2/s, respectively.

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Ding, Jianwei, Yongqiang Zhang, and Rui Wang. "Homogeneous oxidative desulfurization catalyzed by a recoverable reaction-controlled phase transfer catalyst based on trilacunary Keggin polyoxometalate." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 19 (2019): 7363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj00002j.

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A phosphotungstic reaction-controlled phase transfer catalyst was prepared and applied for the homogeneous oxidative desulfurization. Excellent desulfurization efficiency was achieved at 60 °C and the catalyst can be easily separated and recycled with ideal results.

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Hou, Hai Meng, Shi Yuan Li, and Qing Gang Lu. "Effect of Phosphorus on Desulfurization of Limestone during Sewage Sludge Combustion." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 3328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.3328.

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Experiments of desulfurization of limestone during sewage sludge combustion with different phosphorus contents were conducted in a 15 kW circulating fluidized bed test rig to investigate the effect of phosphorus on desulfurization. Chemical thermodynamic analysis was performed to compare with the experimental results. Chemical thermodynamic analysis indicates that relatively high content of phosphorus in sewage sludge will affect desulfurization because calcium will first react with phosphorus and then the rest is available for reaction with sulfur, which agrees well with the experimental results. The experimental results also show that relatively high content of phosphorus in sewage sludge affects self-desulfurization of calcium in sewage sludge and desulfurization of limestone. The effect of phosphorus on desulfurization must be taken into account during sewage sludge combustion.

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Lin, Riyi, Huida Pan, Weidong Xu, Liqiang Zhang, Xinwei Wang, Jianliang Zhang, and Kai Chen. "Hydrodesulfurization of benzothiophene on Ni2P surface." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 38, no. 6 (August 24, 2020): 2711–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598720949976.

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The study of benzothiophene hydrodesulfurization reaction path contribute to clarifying the mechanism of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of heavy oil. In this work, experiments and simulations were combined to study the reaction pathway of benzothiophene hydrodesulfurization catalyzed by Ni2P. In experimental part, Ni2P catalyst was prepared and characterized. Then, the catalytic property of the catalyst for benzothiophene hydrodesulfurization was evaluated. The substance types and contents in the liquid phase products were detected to verify the accuracy of the simulation results. Dmol3 module of the Materials Studio (MS) simulation software was used to simulate the adsorption and hydrodesulfurization of benzothiophene on the surface of Ni2P catalyst and explore the most probable reaction path. The results showed that the most stable adsorption configuration of benzothiophene on the surface of Ni2P was Ni-hcp. In addition, indirect desulfurization of benzothiophene was more advantageous than direct desulfurization. The most possible path for indirect desulfurization was Benzothiophene (BT) – Dihydrobenzothiophene (DHBT) – C8H9S2 – 2-phenylethyl mercaptan (PET) – Ethylbenzene (EB), while that of direct desulfurization was Benzothiophene (BT) – C8H7S2 – Styrene thiol (CMT) – Styrene (ST) – Ethylbenzene (EB).

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Barmala, Molood, and Mohammad Behnood. "Novel ternary metal oxide nanoparticles (La₂Cu_0.8Zn_0.2O₄) as a potential photocatalyst for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and desulfurization of dibenzothiophene." Nano Futures 6, no. 1 (February 24, 2022): 015004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2399-1984/ac3d6e.

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Abstract In this work we present the preparation of novel ternary metal oxide nanoparticles, La2Cu0.8Zn0.2O4 (LCZO), using a simple co-precipitation method. The crystalline structure, morphology and composition of the prepared LCZO nanoparticles were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis. The diffuse reflectance spectrum investigation showed that LCZO nanoparticles have considerable light absorption in the visible light region. Also, the LCZO nanoparticles possess a band-gap energy of 2.82 eV. To investigate the visible light photocatalytic potential of the prepared LCZO nanoparticles, two photocatalytic reactions were conducted, namely degradation of methylene blue (MB) solution and desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT). In the presence of a 3:1 molar ratio of H2O2/DBT, a high photocatalytic desulfurization rate of DBT (93.7%) was obtained over 0.2 g of LCZO photocatalyst. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation rate of MB solution was 91.4%. The mechanisms of both photocatalytic reactions were studied using different radical scavenging agents, which showed that hydroxyl radicals are responsible for highly efficient desulfurization and degradation reactions. Moreover, reusability experiments reveal that the prepared LCZO photocatalyst has great stability and recyclability for both desulfurization of DBT and degradation of MB after six reaction cycles.

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Wu, X. Q., J. F. Xu, P. W. Gu, and J. Y. Zhang. "Desulfurization of molten steel with molten slag using the electrochemical method." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, no. 00 (2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb211014012w.

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The desulfurization in metallurgical process is electrochemical reaction in nature. Desulfurization using the electrochemical method was proposed with the CaO-MgO-Al2O3 molten slag covering molten steel. Effect of an applied external DC voltage, varied from 0 to 8V, was discussed. The results indicated that sulfur in molten steel can be removed effectively with applied external voltage. According to the mechanism analyses of the desulfurization under the applied external voltage, kinetics formulae were developed, and the model calculated results accord well with the experimental values. The transfer coefficient of sulfur in molten slag under electromigration conditions is approximately 2.09?10-5 m?s-1?V-1. The desulfurization of molten steel with molten slag can be promoted by increasing the applied voltage, reducing the partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen, strengthening the stirring intensity of the reaction system, and optimizing the composition and properties of the slag.

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31

Viana, Alexandre M., Susana O. Ribeiro, Baltazar de Castro, Salete S. Balula, and Luís Cunha-Silva. "Influence of UiO-66(Zr) Preparation Strategies in Its Catalytic Efficiency for Desulfurization Process." Materials 12, no. 18 (September 17, 2019): 3009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12183009.

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Porous metal-organic framework (MOF) materials UiO-66(Zr) obtained by solvothermal and microwave advanced synthesis (MWAS) procedures were characterized, and their catalytic efficiency was investigated for oxidative desulfurization (ODS) processes using a multicomponent model diesel containing benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene derivatives. The preparation parameters as the cooling time after oven use in the solvothermal procedure, and also the reaction time in the MWAS method seemed to play an important role in the catalytic performance of the UiO-66(Zr) material, as well as in its recycle capacity. The material prepared by the solvothermal procedure with a fast cooling time showed the best catalytic performance (desulfurization efficiency of 99.5% after 3 h). However, the application of the UiO-66(Zr) material prepared by the MWAS method (desulfurization efficiency of 96% after 3 h) conciliated a higher number of advantages, such as shorter reaction time preparation (15 min) and high catalytic activity for a higher number of reaction cycles. The UiO-66(Zr) prepared by the MWAS method was used for the first time in an oxidative desulfurization process, and according to the catalytic results obtained (high recycle capacity and stability) and shorter reaction time preparation, seems to be a promising material for industrial application.

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Jabar, Ghulam, Muhammad Saeed, Sadaf Khoso, Anham Zafar, Javed Iqbal Saggu, and Amir Waseem. "Development of graphitic carbon nitride supported novel nanocomposites for green and efficient oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 12 (January 2022): 184798042211063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/18479804221106321.

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The catalysts utilized for oxidative desulfurization have acquired significant attention and ability to improve the quality of the fuel oil by removing sulfur. In this work, the catalysts used for oxidative desulfurization include CoWO4 and Bi2WO6 with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as support were synthesized by the one-pot hydrothermal method. Graphitic carbon nitride was obtained by thermal polycondensation of melamine at 550°C for 5 h. These catalysts were homogeneously dispersed on the surface of the support and their structure, morphology, and properties were determined by different characterization techniques (Powder X-Ray Diffractometer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, Specific Surface Area (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (SBET)). The parameters that affect the efficiency of the desulfurization process such as catalyst amount, amount of oxidizing agent, and reaction temperature have been optimized thoroughly. The oxidative desulfurization reaction was studied in terms of kinetics which shows that reaction is pseudo first order. The thermodynamic studies revealed that the reaction is endothermic and spontaneous in nature. The results determined that the catalytic efficiency for the removal of sulfur (as dibenzothiophene) is more than 90% in the presence of support (g-C3N4) to obtain sulfur free fuel.

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Yu, Guo Xian, Qian Zhong, Mei Jin, Jin Huang Wang, and Ping Lu. "Deep Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel Oxidized with TBHP Coupled with Solvent Extraction Intensified by Ultrasound." Advanced Materials Research 910 (March 2014): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.910.57.

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Deep desulfurization of a hydrotreated diesel fuel was investigated with TBHP oxidation coupled with solvent extraction intensified by ultrasound. The process parameters for the oxidation desulfurization of diesel fuel, such as the type and dosage of catalyst, co-solvent, ultrasound time, molar ratio of TBHP and sulfur were investigated. The results showed that sulfur content of the hydrotreated diesel fuel was reduced from 140 ppm to 12 ppm with using 1%wt of sodium tungstate as catalyst, 20%wt of methanol as co-solvent during the reaction, reaction temperature at 90°C, ultrasound time for 15 min and TBHP/Sulfur molar ratio of 32, and ultrasound irradiation had the obvious reinforcement in oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel.

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34

Yu, Guo Xian, Qian Zhong, Mei Jin, Jin Huang Wang, and Ping Lu. "Deep Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel Oxidized with H₂O₂ Coupled with Solvent Extraction Intensified by Ultrasound." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 1135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1135.

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Deep desulfurization of a hydrotreated diesel fuel was investigated with H2O2oxidation coupled with solvent extraction intensified by ultrasound. The process parameters for the oxidation desulfurization of diesel fuel, such as the type and dosage of catalyst, co-solvent, ultrasound time, molar ratio of H2O2and sulfur were investigated. The results showed that sulfur content of the hydrotreated diesel fuel was reduced from 140 ppm to 10 ppm with using 2%wt of phosphotungstic acid as catalyst, 20%wt of methanol as co-solvent during the reaction, reaction temperature at 90°C, ultrasound time for 10 min and H2O2/S molar ratio of 16, and ultrasound irradiation had the obvious reinforcement in oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel.

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35

Wang, Han, and Rui Wang. "Performance evaluation of “ship-in-the-bottle” type heteropoly acid encaged Y-type zeolite as catalyst for oxidative desulfurization." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 76, no. 12 (2011): 1595–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc2011058.

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Clean fuel and clean production technologies, including desulfurization, have become a subject of concern in environmental catalysis studies. One of the most promising desulfurization processes is oxidative desulfurization combined with extraction. Keggin-type heteropoly acids encaged Y-type zeolite were studied as promising catalytic agents for the oxidation of dibenzothiophene with hydrogen peroxide in a normal octane/acetonitrile biphasic system. The key factors affecting the reaction, including the catalyst amount, O/S molar ratio and contact time between oxidant and catalyst, were investigated. The conditions favourable to the reaction were also determined. Moreover, the reused encaged type catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity in recovery experiments and can be effectively applied to diesel oil.

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36

Zhang, Hong Bo, Chang Hu Su, and Ying Ying Zhu. "Mechanism Research on Electrochemical Catalytic Oxidation Desulfurization of High Sulfur Coal." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.843.

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Electrochemical desulfurization is a mild chemical desulfurization method. This paper introduces the electrochemical catalytic oxidation method which is used to process High Sulfur Coal samples under acidic condition. Study tells that during the processing of electrochemical catalytic oxidation desulfurization ,pyrite and organic sulfur in coal are oxidized and converted into water soluble sulfur compounds by some active oxygen and other oxidizing agent or high valence ions which are produced on the surface of electrolytic anode.After analyzing the experiments ,another conclusion that the desulfurization process is faster for the added catalyst ion also involving in the reaction is reached.

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Zhang, Ming, Meng Li, Qi Chen, Wenshuai Zhu, Hongping Li, Sheng Yin, Yanan Li, and Huaming Li. "One-pot synthesis of ordered mesoporous silica encapsulated polyoxometalate-based ionic liquids induced efficient desulfurization of organosulfur in fuel." RSC Advances 5, no. 93 (2015): 76048–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13787j.

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38

Farag, Hamdy, Abd-Alrahman Embaby, Masahiro Kishida, Abdel-Nasser A. El-Hendawy, and Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef. "Highly Active Low Cobalt Content-Based Bulk MoS2 Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts with a Unique Impact of H2S." Journal of Chemistry 2018 (September 3, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8076534.

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A series of unsupported MoS2, Co9S8, and Co-promoted MoS2 catalysts have been synthesized by tuned impregnation and successive thermal annealing methods using a continuous flow of a mixture of H2 and H2S gases. The resulting catalysts were evaluated in terms of their activity and selectivity for the hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) both in the absence and the presence of H2S. The inclusion of Co onto MoS2 affected both the hydrogenation and direct desulfurization reactions, with the latter (production of biphenyl) being magnified to a much greater degree than the former. Interestingly, low cobalt/molybdenum ratio of ca. 0.05 of the catalyst exhibited outstanding promotion efficiency in the hydrodesulfurization reaction. However, as cobalt is added, the synergy effect drastically decreased. H2S in the reaction mixture led to a remarkable step up in the product from the direct desulfurization reaction route with the most notable increases occurring for the product from the hydrogenation reaction pathway. The HDS activity of such catalysts was much higher than that of the commercial CoMo/Al2O3. The promotion by H2S was discussed.

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Hwang, Byungwook, Jung Hwan Kim, Doyeon Lee, Hyungseok Nam, Ha Na Kim, Jeom In Baek, and Ho-Jung Ryu. "Investigation on the Cause of the SO2 Generation during Hot Gas Desulfurization (HGD) Process." Catalysts 11, no. 8 (August 17, 2021): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11080985.

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In the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) process, the sulfur compounds present in coal are converted to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) when the coal is gasified. Due to its harmful effects on sorbent/solvent and environmental regulations, H2S needs to be removed from the product gas stream. To simulate the H2S removal process, desulfurization was carried out using a dry sorbent as a fluidizing material within a bubbling, high-temperature fluidized bed reactor. The ZnO-based sorbent showed not only an excellent capacity of H2S removal but also long-term stability. However, unexpected SO2 gas at a concentration of several hundred ppm was detected during the desulfurization reaction. Thus, we determined that there is an unknown source that supplies oxygen to ZnS, and identified the oxygen supplier through three possibilities: oxygen by reactant (fresh sorbent, ZnO), byproduct (ZnSO4), and product (H2O). From the experiment results, we found that the H2O produced from the reaction reacts with ZnS, resulting in SO2 gas being generated during desulfurization. The unknown oxygen source during desulfurization was deduced to be oxygen from H2O produced during desulfurization. That is, the oxygen from produced H2O reacts with ZnS, leading to SO2 generation at high temperature.

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40

Jiu, Shaowu, Bo Zhao, and Yanxin Chen. "High-Efficiency Desulfurization of High-Sulfur Bauxite Calcined in a Conveyor Bed: Kinetics, Process, and Application." Processes 10, no. 8 (August 12, 2022): 1586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10081586.

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The reaction process, mechanism, and kinetics of the desulfurization of high-sulfur bauxite during calcination were investigated using thermal analysis–infrared analysis. A conveyor-bed calcination system was used to study the variations in the physical phase, desulfurization rate, and alumina dissipation rate of high-sulfur bauxite in the range of 500 °C–650 °C. The results show that sclerite monohydrate, kaolinite, rhodochrosite, pyrite, and dolomite mainly decompose during the calcination of high-sulfur bauxite, generating H2O(g), CO2, and SO2 as gaseous products. The decomposition of sclerite monohydrate and kaolinite and the dehydroxylation reactions of rhodochrosite and pyrite occur at <650 °C, with inseparable temperature overlap. High-sulfur bauxite desulfurization follows a three-dimensional spherical diffusion mechanism, with an activation energy of 181.16 kJ/mol, controlled by the diffusion rate of O2 or SO2 through the solid product layer. High-sulfur bauxite was calcined at 600 °C–650 °C for around 3.5 s in a conveyor bed, resulting in a negative divalent sulfur content of <0.03 wt.%, desulfurization rate of >0.98, and relative dissolution rate of alumina of >99%, satisfying the requirements of aluminum extraction via the Bayer method. The desulfurization rate predictions of the kinetic model were consistent with the experimental data.

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41

Yan, Yan, Xiaofeng Peng, and Duu Jong Lee. "Transport—Reaction process in the reaction of flue gas desulfurization." Journal of Thermal Science 9, no. 4 (December 2000): 356–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11630-000-0077-z.

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42

Wen, Xiao Dong, Guo Song Li, Jiu Yong Song, and Zhi Nan Gao. "Effect of Desulfurization Ash with Different Desulfurization Temperature and Gypsum Content on the Fluidity, Strength and Rebar Protection of Cement Based Materials." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 940–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.940.

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Depending on the desulfurization reaction temperature，it can be divided into fly ash generated at high-temperature furnace zone and at low-temperature flue gas zone. For simulating those two kinds of desulfurization ash, the ordinary fly ash mixed with different weight percentage of CaSO4•2H2O is divided into 2 groups, the first group is followed by calcining at 900 , another drying at 100 . And then by the experiment of workability, strength and steel rebar protection, the effect of morphology and amount of gypsum on material properties and the pretreatment method are studied. The results show that: compared with ordinary fly ash, those two kinds of desulfurization ash can improve workability, but the improving ability of desulfurization ash at high-temperature furnace zone weaker than another’s, in addition, amount of gypsum in desulfurization ash on fluidity has a threshold; Secondly, desulfurization ash can decrease strength, and the early strength of desulfurization ash at high-temperature furnace zone higher than another’s, but the development trend of later strength is in the opposite direction. Thirdly, those two kinds of desulfurization ash are harmless for steel rebar, and the steel rebar’s passive film compactness is followed desulfurization ash formed at low-temperature flue gas zone＞desulfurization ash formed at high-temperature furnace zone＞ordinary fly ash.

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43

Lu, Gang, Hengyi Liao, Xing Zheng, Congkun Chen, Weiliang Wang, Xianbin Xiao, and Wu Qin. "Effect of Hydroxylation and Carboxylation on the Catalytic Activity of Fe2O3/Graphene for Oxidative Desulfurization and Denitration." Catalysts 12, no. 12 (December 7, 2022): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12121599.

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Iron-based particles loaded on porous carbon materials have attracted extensive attention as catalysts for denitration and desulfurization reactions. However, the carbon support of a high-temperature denitration catalyst is inevitably oxidized in the presence of H2O and O2. The mechanism of denitration catalyst oxidation and its influence on the catalytic reaction remain to be further explored. Fe2O3-loaded graphene models with carbon vacancy (Gdef), hydroxyl (HyG), and carboxyl (CyG) were constructed to investigate the effects of hydroxylation and carboxylation on the catalytic activity of Fe2O3/graphene for oxidative desulfurization and denitration by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. According to the analysis of structural properties and adsorption energy, the adsorption process of Fe2O3 on HyG and CyG was observed to have proceeded more favorably than that on Gdef. The density-of-states (DOS) results also affirmed that HyG and CyG promote the electron delocalization of Fe2O3 around the Fermi level, enhancing the chemical activity of Fe2O3. Moreover, adsorption energy analysis indicates that hydroxylation and carboxylation enhanced the adsorption of SO2 and H2O2 on Fe2O3/graphene while also maintaining preferable adsorption stability of NO. Furthermore, mechanistic research explains that adsorbed H2O2 on HyG and CyG directly oxidizes NO and SO2 into HNO2 and H2SO4 following a one-step reaction. The results provide a fundamental understanding of the oxidized catalyst on catalytic denitration and desulfurization reactions.

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Ahmed, Barham Sharif, Luqman Omar Hamasalih, Kosar Hikmat Hama Aziz, Khalid M. Omer, and Iqrash Shafiq. "Oxidative Desulfurization of Real High-Sulfur Diesel Using Dicarboxylic Acid/H2O2 System." Processes 10, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 2327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10112327.

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From the perspective of pollution, economics, and product quality, it is very important to find an efficient way to minimize the sulfur content of petroleum products such as gasoline and diesel. In this work, an effective, inexpensive, and simple oxidative desulfurization system based on hydrogen peroxide activation by three dicarboxylic acids which have different carbon numbers (i.e., malonic acid, succinic acid, and glutaric acid) was utilized for the desulfurization of a real diesel sample with high organic sulfur-containing compounds. The desulfurization process was based on the oxidation of sulfur compounds in diesel fuel to the corresponding sulfones followed by acetonitrile extraction of the sulfones. To select the optimal experimental conditions, the effects of several parameters, including temperature, catalyst H2O2 dosages, and treatment time, were investigated. The results showed that the developed system was effective in desulfurizing real diesel fuel with high sulfur content. With an initial total sulfur content of about 8104 mg/L, the desulfurization rate from the diesel sample reached more than 90.9, 88.9, and 93%, using malonic acid, succinic acid, and glutaric acid, respectively. The optimum parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time, H2O2 (50 w/w%), and carboxylic acid dosage for oxidative desulfurization were determined to be 95 °C, 6 h, 10 mL, and 0.6 g, respectively. The conversion of refractory sulfur compounds into extractable sulfone forms was verified using gas chromatography. Moreover, the kinetic study confirmed that the designed reaction system follows the pseudo-first-order kinetic model.

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Shi, Chang Xing, and Hai Xiang Tang. "Study on Desulfurization Characteristic of Desulphurizing Coal Water Slurry." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1459.

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With calcium carbonate and barium carbonate as desulfurizers, combustion desulphurization experiments of coal water slurry and pulverized coal were respectively done in the ZCL. The results show that desulfurization efficiency in coal water slurry is prior to the same pulverized coal. The desulfurization characteristic of desulphurizing coal water slurry was analyzed by comparing the desulfurization efficiency of coal water slurry and pulverized coal. The reaction atmosphere in the boiler is different from the pulverized coal because of water evaporation ,and the CO content was lower ,so the decomposing rate for desulphurization products was reduced,after water evaporated ,it formed microstructures which was considered as favorable to the desulfurization rate .

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Li, Zhi Gang, Jin Li Chen, and Jing Ji Li. "Optimal Operation on the Desulfurization System in the 480t/h CFB Boiler." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2161.

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This paper introduced the principle of inner-furnace desulfurization system of CFB boilers by injecting limestone, and investigated the factors of the desulfurization efficiency. The desulfurization efficiency and stability of 480t/h CFB boilers manufactured by DongFang Boiler (Group) Co., Ltd were greatly increased by retrofitting the limestone injection position from dense region to the down secondary-air inlet of the back-wall. The improvement was achieved by increasing the oxygen concentration as well as optimizing the temperature of the reaction zone.

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47

Zhang, Chenghu, Dezhi Zou, Xinpeng Huang, and Weijun Lu. "Coal-Fired Boiler Flue Gas Desulfurization System Based on Slurry Waste Heat Recovery in Severe Cold Areas." Membranes 12, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12010047.

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To reduce operating costs on the basis of ensuring the desulfurization efficiency in a wet flue gas desulfurization system, a theoretical model was put forward, and a calculation method was set up. Correlations between reaction zone height, flue gas inlet temperature, slurry inlet temperature, gas–liquid ratio and desulfurization efficiency were found. Based on the heat and mass transfer model of the spray tower, the integrated system of desulfurization tower and open slurry pool and the flue gas desulfurization-waste heat recovery system were established. Additionally, the effect of outdoor wind speed, heat dissipation area and ambient temperature on the slurry equilibrium temperature in the integrated system were analyzed. The results show the slurry equilibrium temperature of the desulfurization system is negatively correlated with outdoor wind speed and heat dissipation area, and positively related to ambient temperature. The slurry temperature is the main factor that affects the performance of the wet flue gas desulfurization system. Finally, based on the Harbin heating group Hua Hui hotspot energy-saving reconstruction project, a case analysis was conducted, which proves the flue gas desulfurization-waste heat recovery system is profitable, energy saving and a suitable investment project.

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48

Giraldo, Sonia A., Víctor G. Baldovino Medrano, and Aristóbulo Centeno. "Evaluating the functionalities of NiMo/y-Al2O3-B2O3 catalysts in naphthalene hydrodearomatization and dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization." CT&F - Ciencia, Tecnología y Futuro 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2010): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29047/01225383.290.

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The aim of this work is to contribute to the current understanding on the role of the support’s acidic properties in the hydrogenating function of NiMo/-Al2O3 type catalysts during hydrodearomatization (HDA) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) type molecules desulfurization. NiMo/-Al2O3-B2O3 catalysts of different B2O3 (0, 2, 3, 6 and 8 wt.%) contents were prepared and tested in independent and simultaneous naphthalene (NP) HDA and DBT hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactions. For HDA the catalytic activity as a function of the B2O3 content followed a volcano-shape trend, with a maximum around 3 wt.% of B2O3. In DBT desulfurization boron was found to have a positive effect in the development of the HYD route of desulfurization possibly due to an increase in total acidity. Conversely, the direct desulfurization route (DDS) was negatively affected by boron addition. The presence of NP during the HDS of DBT was found to have a significant effect in neither total HDS activity nor the HYD/DDS selectivity. The findings in this paper are significant for ultra-deep HDS of heavy oil cuts where increasing in the selectivity to HYD is a must because highly refractory alkyl-DBTs mostly react by this reaction route.

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Zhang, Ting, Shu Rong Yu, Hui Xia Feng, and Yi Wang. "Study on Desulfurization of SO₂ by Desulfurization Agent of Attapulgite Compounded with Calcium Oxide." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 2044–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.2044.

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Sulfur dioxide is one of the major pollutants resulting from fuel combustion. In this study, CaO and attapulgite were utilized as raw material for synthesizing CaO/attapulgite(CaO/ATP) desulfurizer. The performance of samples was studied in dynamic conditions. Major factors affecting the desulfurization such as weight ratio of CaO to total, types of modifiers, desulfurizer particle size, bed temperature were investigated. The desulfurization agent synthesized under optimal synthesis conditions with an CaO content of 30 wt% and an NaOH modifier, and the desulfurization reaction processed under optimal synthesis conditions with water content of 20~30wt%, a particle size of 1/10 of desulfurization tower diameter and room temperature, exhibit sulfur tolerance of 17.97wt%.

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Huo, Ning Bo, and Zhi Gang Liu. "Oxidative Desulfurization Performance Optimization of Tert-Amyl Hydroperoxide." Applied Mechanics and Materials 686 (October 2014): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.686.66.

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The desulphurization experiment of oil-soluble oxidant tert-amyl hydroperoxide with dibenzothiophene dissolved in decalin as model-oil was researched. Characterisation on oxidation product was made, and dibenzothiophene removal rate was computed. The influence factors of the oxidative reaction regent amount and the condtions of reaction temperature and reaction time were optimized and compared. The best reaction condition was reaction temperature 90°C, reaction time 3 h, ratio of oxygen to sulfur 4:1, catalyst amount 0.12 g. Dibenzothiophene removal rate reached 97% in this reaction condition.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Desulfurization reaction'

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