Academic literature on the topic 'Destruction of village'
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Journal articles on the topic "Destruction of village"
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Zhang, Huiyi, Fang Chen, Qiang Sun, and Ye Feng. "A Village Reconstruction Model Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (August 11, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5029620.
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In bygone days, the way to deal with traditional villages in developing new cities in China was often to overturn them and replace the original environment with the built-up urban environment, causing constructive destruction to the traditions and cultures. According to the new village transformation requirements, the planning and construction of villages must be shaped with their own cultural and humanistic characteristics of the habitat requirements. It does not favor demolishing large constructions by implementing a different environment. A traditional village is an essential spatial framework to retain the “mark” of the local characteristics of the new city. It can be an essential element in shaping the individual characteristics of the village by realizing the diversity of spatial forms and regional cultural connotations of the new village. Therefore, this paper proposes a new village transformation model based on traditional villages’ social, economic, and spatial patterns, combined with a new particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm named multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO). The model transforms the village based on the required optimum resource allocation with the global solution. The experiment shows that the proposed model suits village renovation and modernization. The work is a step toward the advancements and betterment of rural development.
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Shoubin, Zheng, and Yu Xiaoqing. "The Changes and Development Direction of Traditional Chinese Villages after Reform and Opening up —Taking Tunpu, Guizhou as an Example." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 6 (November 3, 2021): 5370–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.27.
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After the reform and opening up, the speed of changes in China's rural areas is extremely rare in the history of China and even the world. The rapid development of China's economy leads this process of change. During this period, the speed of China's development caused great changes in ethnic identity, physical space, and cultural structure of traditional villages. On the whole, these changes were made passively along with the economic development of the entire country's large-scale system. Such passive village changes are mainly positive, but there are also negative aspects. Excessive reliance on exogenous economic forces can easily lead to lower uniqueness of the village’s culture, which is unconducive to the sustainable development of the village. Therefore, traditional Chinese villages should be developed based on the differences between urban and rural areas and the uniqueness of specific villages. This can not only meet the economic development needs of the village, but also achieve cultural diversity inheritance of traditional Chinese villages, thereby avoiding the continuous destruction and damage of the unique culture of specific villages in economic development.
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Matitaputty, Prasetio L. Th. "Merawat Hidup Bersama Di Tengah Kemajemukan dan Konflik Antarumat Beragama." ARUMBAE: Jurnal Ilmiah Teologi dan Studi Agama 3, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37429/arumbae.v3i1.601.
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Wayame is one of the villages that did not get involved in the social conflict in 1999. This does not mean that Wayame village does not care about other villages because it does not participate in conflicts. However, in Wayame village, it is true that the conflict only brings destruction in the social ties of the community which in turn can have a traumatic impact on the pluralistic Wayame community. Wayame Village, which is not involved in the conflict and looks harmonious - is not as easy as one might imagine. The existence of a harmonious life process in the midst of diversity in Wayame village has hard efforts made by village governments, religious leaders, and especially people who have a love for Wayame village. Efforts and work to maintain harmony in Wayame village require the involvement of all elements of society, therefore Wayame village formed a TEAM 20 consisting of 10 Christians and 10 Muslims to maintain the stability of the village and the community so as not to get involved in the conflict at that time. In efforts to maintain harmony in the midst of a pluralistic society, it is necessary to understand the religions that exist in society, therefore the theology of religions is necessary to find a common goal as religious human beings in the midst of diversity.
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Dilapanga, Abdul Rahman, Theodorus Pangalila, and Brian Fransisco Supit. "Analysis Of Village Direct Cash Assistance Policy Implementation In East Bolaang District Bolaang Mongondow Regency." Technium Social Sciences Journal 39 (January 8, 2023): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v39i1.8260.
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Since the end of 2019, all countries have been shocked by the spread of Covid-19. Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the ongoing global disease pandemic (COVID-19). The pandemic has spread to 34 provinces. Covid-19 has had an enormous impact on the economic sector, and the government has assisted, one of which is the Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLT). The Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) policy is an alternative policy dealing with the impact of the spread of Covid-19. In various media, there is a lot of news about the implementation of the BLT program, which often deviates from the applicable provisions. Therefore, analyzing the implementation of the BLT program is very important. Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLTDD) is the government's response in minimizing the impact of Covid-19 on the people in the village. In the early stages of its implementation, problems were found in the form of community protests against village officials who were deemed unable to implement the Village Fund BLT policy properly. Even in some villages, it led to the destruction of the village office. On this basis, this research aims to analyze the problems that arise in implementing the Village Fund BLT policy to identify issues and challenges so that they become materials for improvement. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach. Since the end of 2019, all countries have been shocked by the spread of Covid-19. Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the ongoing global disease pandemic (COVID-19). The pandemic has spread to 34 provinces. Covid-19 has significantly impacted the economic sector, and the government has assisted, one of which is the Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLT). The Direct Cash Assistance (BLT) policy is an alternative policy dealing with the impact of the spread of Covid-19. In various media, there is a lot of news about the implementation of the BLT program which often deviates from the applicable provisions. Therefore, analyzing the implementation of the BLT program is very important. Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance (BLTDD) is the government's response in minimizing the impact of Covid-19 on the people in the village. In the early stages of its implementation, problems were found in the form of community protests against village officials who were deemed unable to implement the Village Fund BLT policy properly. Even in some villages, it led to the destruction of the village office. On this basis, this research aims to analyze the problems that arise in implementing the Village Fund BLT policy to identify issues and challenges so that they become materials for improvement. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach.
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Li, Wen Bin, Yao Qi Yang, Yang Yu, Peng Fei Wang, and Hai Juan Wang. "Research Review of Coal Mining on the Coal Village." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 1821–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.1821.
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China is a country with rich coal, coal mining plays an important role in our country's energy security. But at the same time, in support of national progress of energy industry and national economic development, coal mining has caused a lot of damage to the ecological environment and social issues. The exploitation of underground resources not only leaded to the ground the destruction of arable land, but also damaged the ground coal mining under village buildings seriously. This leaded to the farmers of the coal mining under villages lost their survival, caused the contradiction between human and land and the contradiction of the cadres and the masses, causing a group petition and a series of incidents, directly affect sustainable development of the mining area. So according to the particularity of coal mining under villages, in this paper, systematic summary and analysis research of coal mining under village on recent literature ,have very important theoretical significance and social value.
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al-Houdalieh, Salah H. "The Destruction of Palestinian Archaeological Heritage: Saffa Village as a Model." Near Eastern Archaeology 69, no. 2 (June 2006): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/nea25067655.
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Mitchell, Clare J. A., and Julie Vanderwerf. "Creative Destruction and Trial by Space in a Historic Canadian Village*." Geographical Review 100, no. 3 (July 1, 2010): 356–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2010.00041.x.
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Syahza, Almasdi, Osamu Kozan, Sigit Sutikno, Mitri Irianti, Kei Mizuno, and Michiko Hosobuchi. "Peatland ecological restoration based on independent community groups through revegetation in Tanjung Leban Village, Bengkalis Regency, Riau." Riau Journal of Empowerment 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/raje.4.2.69-81.
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Ecological restoration of peatlands leads to the destruction of peatland ecosystems caused by human activities, whether intentional or not. As a result of the damage caused various kinds of problems such as land fires. Tanjung Leban Village is one of the villages with a fairly high rate of fire, especially in 2012, 2013, and 2015. Many burnt lands are left unused, which in turn becomes a fire-prone area due to the lack of control over the land. In response to this, it is necessary to carry out peatland ecological restoration activities in Tanjung Leban Village through revegetation activities. Implementation of activities with the mentoring method through village facilitators stationed in Tanjung Leban Village. The implementation process begins with socialization, which continues with group formation, procurement of seeds, land clearing, and planting. The implementation of this revegetation focuses on the participation of the community who are members of the Peat Care Community Group (MPG) in Tanjung Leban Village. This activity was carried out in the community area (group members) with an area of 14.7 ha and 14,381 plants. The number of plants is divided into 2 categories, namely natural wood species and fruit plants.
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Malahovskis, Vladislavs. "HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CRIMINAL CASE’S NO. 31 MATERIALS DEALING WITH THE DESTRUCTION OF THE AUDRINI VILLAGE’S INHABITANTS BY NAZI GERMANY’S OCCUPATION POWER." Administrative and Criminal Justice 1, no. 86 (March 31, 2019): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/acj.v1i86.4018.
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Audrini has been an administrative center in Rezekne region since 1990. Before the Second World War, Audrini was one of the villages in Makaseni rural municipality populated by old believers. The tragedy of Audrini is destruction of Audrini inhabitants by Nazi German occupation institutions (22.12.1941. – 01.04.1942). Escaped prisoners of Red Army were hidden in the village. The Nazis burnt down village buildings. In the Ancupanu hills, arrested inhabitants of the village were shot; 30 men – inhabitants of Audrini – were publicly shot at the Marketplace in Rezekne. The punishment action was done in accordance with the German Security Police Commander’s orders; in the action local collaborators – Rezekne and Malta police officers – participated. Criminal case No 31 was initiated on August 5th, 1964. In 1965, an open trial in Riga was held (11.10.1965.–10.30.1965), where six former German police officers were accused of Audrini people killing. Criminal case No.31 consists of 37 huge volumes. Basically, there are three kinds of documents: 1) protocols of witnesses’ testimonies; 2) Rezekne region police reports and correspondence with higher instances; 3) the documents related to criminal investigation process. The paper reveals the reasons for the initiation of the Audrini village’s criminal case, the content of the documents available in the criminal case. The reasons for destruction of Audrini inhabitants are stated as well as the revealing of Audrini tragedy in Soviet propaganda and arts after the completion of criminal proceedings.
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Putra, Rianto Ade, Antory Royan Adyan, and Hamzah Hatrik. "POLICE APPARATUS ROLE IN DETERMINING THE PERPETRATORS’ RESPONSIBILITY FOR DESTRUCTION OF GOODS CONDUCTED BY COMMUNITY (IN CASE OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN KAUR)." Bengkoelen Justice : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/j_bengkoelenjust.v11i2.19785.
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On Sunday of August 2nd, 2015 in Tanjung Harapan highway, Semidang Gumay District of Kaur Regency there has been a vigilantism (Eigenrichting) in the form of destruction and burning of one (1) unit of car that carried out jointly by the community, but until the study was conducted, there has been no follow-up for perpetrators of the destruction and burning of the car, so it raises the question whether the actions taken by community in Tanjung Harapan Village cannot be prosecuted. The purpose of this study was to determine how the role of Police Apparatus in determining the responsibility of perpetrators for destruction and burning of the car. The results showed that the role of Police in determining the responsibility of perpetrators for destruction of goods conducted by community was as the investigators in that case, and must make a report of criminal acts as referred to Article 6 Paragraph (1) and Paragraph (2) of Head of the Indonesian Police (PERKAP) Number 12 of 2009, then these reports provide a basis for investigation in accordance with the provisions laid down in the Criminal Code. Police as investigators may use Article 406 Paragraph (1) and Article 170 of the Criminal Code as a chapter of suspicion in the investigation process against the destruction of goods conducted jointly by the members of the community in Tanjung Harapan Village of Kaur Regency.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Destruction of village"
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Gonzalez, Maria. "Création et destruction d’une ville imaginaire : Santa Maria dans l'œuvre de Juan Carlos Onetti." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30052/document.
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Quel est le processus de création d’un monde de fiction ? Telle est la question qui motive ce travail. Cette thèse s’interroge plus particulièrement sur quels sont les processus mis en place par l’écrivain uruguayen Juan Carlos Onetti (1909–1994) pour créer Santa María, sa ville de fiction. Souvent décrite comme un locus horrendus, Santa María est une ville qui ressemble à plusieurs villes référentielles du Río de la Plata. Elle a été créée à partir des souvenirs et idéalisations d’un auteur qui a connu l’exil et a recréé un univers fictionnel dans lequel il reflète de nombreux éléments constitutifs de cette région d’Amérique du Sud, tout en la dotant de traits fictionnels représentatifs de la poétique onettienne. Cet espace de fiction est devenu le théâtre de la plus grande partie des œuvres d’Onetti, et le lieu de résidence de presque tous ses personnages, qui tentent d’échapper sans succès de ce monde centripète. Pour explorer les arcanes de la création onettienne, ce travail s’attache à étudier la configuration de l’univers diégétique des dix-sept romans et nouvelles ayant pour cadre Santa María, ainsi que les trois récits dans lesquels apparaissent quelques personnages récurrents de la « saga ». Cette analyse permet de déchiffrer des pistes textuelles, parfois cachées, souvent trompeuses, dans le but de déceler les rouages de la création littéraire de Santa María. Cette thèse s’attarde également sur l’importance de l’intertextualité, une constante dans ce corpus, qui participe à la cohésion et à la cohérence de l’univers fictionnel de Santa María. Ainsi, Santa María se déploie comme un monde possible, si non désirable, pour les personnages acteurs de la « comédie humaine » de Juan Carlos OnettiWhat is the process of creating a fictional world? This question motivates this work, in particular, what are the processes put in place by the Uruguayan writer Juan Carlos Onetti (1909-1994) to create Santa María, his own city of fiction. Often described as a locus horrendus, Santa María is a city that resembles several referential cities of the Rio de la Plata. It was created from the memories and idealisations of an author who experienced exile and recreated a fictional universe in which he reflects the many constituent elements of this region of South America, while endowing it with fictional traits which are representative of Onettian poetic. This space of fiction has become the theatre of most of Onetti's works, and the home of almost all his characters, who try to escape without success from this centripetal world. To explore the mysteries of Onettian creation, this work focuses on the configuration of the diegetic universe of the seventeen novels and short stories of Santa María, as well as the three narratives in which some recurring characters appear. This analysis makes it possible to decipher textual tracks, sometimes hidden, often misleading, in order to detect the inner workings of the literary creation of Santa María. This thesis also focuses on the importance of intertextuality, a constant in this corpus which participates in the cohesion and coherence of the fictional universe of Santa María. Thus, Santa Maria deploys as a possible world, if not desirable, for the characters actors of the "human comedy" of Juan Carlos Onetti
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Robin, Martin. "Contribution à l'étude de l'adhérence des structures du type couche sur substrat par modes de Rayleigh générés et détectés par sources laser." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019VALE0015/document.
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La caractérisation non destructive de l’adhérence des structures du type couche sur substrat est un enjeu industriel et académique important. Ce type d’échantillon est en effet utilisé pour de nombreuses applications et sa durée de vie dépend en grande partie de la qualité d’adhérence des films au substrat. Celle-ci modifie sensiblement le comportement dispersif des ondes acoustiques de surface se propageant dans de ce type de structure. Pour générer et détecter ces ondes, un dispositif Ultrasons-Laser a été privilégié. Dans un premier temps, nous avons cherché à contourner les difficultés d’interprétation rencontrées habituellement dans le contrôle de l’adhérence par ondes acoustiques de surface. Les variations d’épaisseur de la couche peuvent en effet avoir une influence sur la dispersion des ondes comparable à celle due à l’adhérence. Pour ce faire, des films polymères dont l’épaisseur est quasi-constante sont employés et apposés sur un substrat en aluminium. Ces films possèdent en plus la propriété d’être transparents. Cela permet de focaliser l’impulsion laser générant les ondes acoustiques à travers le film, directement à la surface du substrat et de placer ainsi la source acoustique à l’interface film-substrat. L’influence de la position de la source sur le comportement dispersif des ondes acoustiques de surface et par conséquent sur le contrôle de la qualité d’adhérence est alors étudiée expérimentalement ainsi qu’au travers de simulations par éléments finis. Finalement, une caractérisation de l’adhérence de différents échantillons est effectuée grâce aux courbes de dispersion obtenues à l’aide de la méthode Matrix-Pencil appliquée aux résultats expérimentaux. En utilisant un algorithme d’inversion, les raideurs d’interface caractéristiques de l’adhérence des échantillons analysés sont estiméesThe non-destructive characterization of the adhesion of layer-on-substrate structures is an important issue in industrial and academic domains. This type of sample is indeed used for many applications and its lifetime depends mainly on the adhesion of the film to the substrate. This one changes significantly the dispersive behavior of the surface acoustic waves. To generate and detect these waves, a Laser-Ultrasonics setup has been used. First, we are looking to bypass the interpretation difficulties usually encountered in the control of adhesion by surface acoustic waves. Indeed, the layer thickness variations influence the dispersion of the waves in a similar way to the adhesion. Consequently, the polymer films used have a quasi-constant thickness and they are deposited directly on an aluminum substrate. In addition, these films are also transparent. It allows us to generate directly the acoustic waves on the substrate surface, at the interface between the film and the substrate, by focusing the laser pulse through the film. In this way, the influence of the source location on the dispersive behavior of the surface acoustic waves and thus on the adhesion quality control may be studied experimentally and by using finite element simulations. Finally, a characterization of the adhesion of several samples is performed using the dispersion curves obtained applying the Matrix-Pencil method to the experimental results. An inversion algorithm allows us to estimate the interfacial stiffnesses corresponding to the adhesion of the samples
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Makaya-Maswaku, Jean. "Interprétation socio-anthropologique des nouveaux mouvements religieux chrétiens dans la ville de Kikwit : :dialectique de la destruction-reconstruction de l'ordre symbolique du sacré." Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR2001.
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Dans la première partie ou Aperçu socio-historique de la ville de Kikwit, j'ai démontré que les différents rites de socialisations propres aux ethnies que les premiers missionnaires ont vu de l'extérieur, jugé et condamné de sorcellerie, fétichisme et animisme, avaient et ont une signification profonde liée à la nature, et expriment la structure particulière de chaque ethnie. Que le missionnaire de la culture occidentale aient estimé nécessaire d'araser toute cette civilisation pour imposer leur mentalité occidentale, a été irréparable erreur. La colonisation conduite d'abord par Léopold II dans l'EIC et puis par les Belges favorisant les missions catholiques a provoqué une amalgame funeste entre libre choix religieux et intérêts de soutein matériel immédiat. [. . . ]D'autre part, le développement économique de cette colonie ayant attiré les indigènes vers le centre des huileries a déséquilibré toutes les répartitions sociales aux alentours de Kikwit et à Kikwit. Comment la misère des petites gens ne les pousserait-elle pas à chercher n'importe où, une aide magique, de belles promesse, tout ce qui peut donner un peu d'espoir ? Dans la seconde partie, j'ai noté que les nouveaux mouvements religieux chrétiens faisaint apparaître trois moments de crise dans lesquels vit la population de Kikwit. Une crise économique qui fait naître des nouvelles formes de solidarités répondant aux diverses de l'imaginaire économique occidental que beaucoup avaient considéré comme modèle de vie, les nouvelles expériences religieuses s'expliquent comme une volonté populaire de la part des communautés de se créer des nouvelles religions de l'économie. [. . . ]. Enfin, la troisième crise est écclésiologique. A travers des bricolages thèologiques se traduit une certaine contestation de la part des autochtones[. . . ]
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Davoine, Charles. "Recherches sur les ruines dans le monde romain : gestion et perception des bâtiments détruits dans la cité romaine (Ier siècle av. J.-C. – IVe siècle ap. J.-C.)." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080097.
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Bâtiments partiellement détruits mais dont les vestiges n’ont pas disparu, les ruines étaient une réalité présente dans les villes du monde romain. Ce travail de recherche se propose d’étudier la manière dont les populations de l’empire, les autorités municipales ou le pouvoir romain percevaient et géraient les édifices vétustes aussi bien que les amas de décombres résultant des destructions. On s’intéressera au quotidien des villes confrontées au délabrement du bâti ainsi qu’aux dévastations exceptionnelles entraînées par des catastrophes, de l’époque augustéenne jusqu’à la fin du IVe siècle. À travers un examen approfondi des sources littéraires et de la documentation juridique et épigraphique, l’objectif est d’analyser les pratiques liées aux ruines, les normes qui les encadraient et les représentations qui permettent de les comprendre. On montrera que les ruines n’ont pas leur place dans la cité : les démolitions doivent toujours être évitées tandis que les bâtiments dégradés doivent être restaurés. L’esthétique des ruines mais aussi leur valorisation comme objet de mémoire sont absentes des textes littéraires et documentaires latins. Au contraire, les bâtiments délabrés et les villes détruites sont associés à la laideur et à la mort et donnent l’image d’un temps de troubles. Les ruines forment alors un contre-modèle, qui permet de révéler, par contraste, l’idéal d’une architecture qui participe à l’ornementation de la cité et contribue à l’âge d’or garanti par l’empereur: Partially destroyed buildings, the remains of which persist in time, ruins were part of the reality of Ancient Rome. This research aims at investigating the way the populations of the Empire, the local magistrates or the Roman central power perceived and managed dilapidated buildings as well as the piles of debris resulting from destructions. This study will focus on the everyday life of cities faced with the dilapidation of buildings as well as with exceptional devastations caused by catastrophes, from the Augustinian age to the end of the fourth century A.D. Through a thorough study of literary, legal and epigraphic sources, the purpose is to analyze how ruins were dealt with, taking into account the rules and norms which applied to them, as well as the mental representations which enabled their understanding. We shall demonstrate that ruins have no place in the city. Demolitions should always be avoided, and dilapidated building should be restored. Any aesthetic aspect of the ruins, or their use as places of memory, are absent from Latin texts. On the contrary, dilapidated buildings and destroyed cities are associated with death and unsightliness and reflect a troubled era. Ruins constitute a counter-model which enables the revelation, by contrast, of an ideal architecture which contributes to the ornamentation of the city and to the elaboration of the Golden Age announced by the Emperor
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Aalil, Issam. "Contribution à l’étude du patrimoine bâti. Méthodes de diagnostic des pathologies des structures et moyens de restauration : Etude de cas. Site archéologique Volubilis au Maroc." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2067/document.
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La restauration du patrimoine bâti est une exigence pour assurer sa pérennité. Le site archéologique Volubilis au Maroc, classé patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO depuis 1997, nécessite des travaux de restauration. L’objectif de cette thèse est de déterminer les causes de dégradation de ses pierres, et de proposer des mortiers pour la restauration de ses monuments. Dans un premier temps, une caractérisation multi-échelle a été réalisée sur les trois faciès de la calcarénite, la pierre la plus prépondérante du site. Elle a révélé que malgré la composition minéralogique similaire des trois faciès, ils présentent des propriétés hydriques, thermiques et mécaniques dissemblables et des durabilités contrastées vis-à-vis de la cristallisation de sel. Des essais non destructifs permettraient de distinguer les trois faciès en estimant leurs porosités et leurs coefficients de capillarité. Dans un second temps, une étude de diagnostic a révélé la présence l’halite et du gypse dans la majorité des pierres altérées par des détachements et des pertes de matière. Ces sels proviennent des mortiers avoisinants, utilisés pendant les interventions antérieures. De plus, l’altération des calcarénites non contaminées est vraisemblablement due à des contraintes thermiques. Dans la dernière partie, nous avons formulé des mortiers à base de chaux, du sable et de la poudre de brique à l’aide de la méthode des plans de mélanges. Cette démarche permettrait de déterminer des mortiers compatibles à la pierre calcaréniteThe restoration of the built heritage is mandatory to ensure its sustainability. The archaeological site of Volubilis in Morocco, registered on the UNESCO World Heritage list since December 1997, requires restoration works. The main objective of this thesis is to determine the causes of stones’ deterioration and to propose mortars for restoration of its monuments. Firstly, a multi-scales characterization study was carried out on the three facies of the calcarenite, the main building stone in the site. It showed that despite their similar mineralogical composition, the three facies have dissimilar hydric, thermal and mechanical properties and they are quite different in terms of durability against salt crystallization. Besides, non-destructive testing could be used to distinguish the three facies by estimating their porosities and their coefficients of capillarity. Secondly, a diagnosis study revealed the presence of halite and gypsum in most deteriorated stones affected by detachment and loss of material. These salts originated from neighboring mortars, used during the previous interventions. In addition, the deterioration of uncontaminated calcarenites is likely due to thermal stresses. In the last part, we formulated mortars using lime, sand and the brick dust using the mixtures method. This approach would determine compatible mortars to the stone calcarenite
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Charles-Nicolas, Stéphanie. "Saint-Pierre de la Martinique : géographie littéraire d'une ville coloniale des Antilles françaises. Représentations de la cité créole avant sa destruction le 8 mai 1902 (1635-2012)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA082.
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Lors de l’éruption de la Montagne Pelée, le volcan de l’île de la Martinique, la ville de Saint-Pierre et ses trente mille habitants ont été anéantis par une nuée ardente le 8 mai 1902. Surnommée le « Paris des Antilles », ou encore la « Venise tropicale », la ville incarnait la France aux Amériques, ce qui suggère son statut particulier au sein des colonies françaises à cette époque. L’éclat qu’a eu la ville de Saint-Pierre dans la littérature aurait-il été le même sans l’éruption de la Montagne Pelée ? Notre recherche a pour but de proposer un examen des diverses facettes de la ville de Saint-Pierre à partir de la géographie littéraire, prolongée par les apports de la géopoétique et de la géocritique. La notion de « paysage » chère à Michel Collot, constituera une entrée plus vaste que nous privilégierons dans le champ de l’étude qui nous intéresse, dans la mesure où elle semble combler les lacunes des outils théoriques précédemment cités. Le cadre d’une géographie de la littérature nous sera utile pour étudier le contexte spatial dans lequel sont produites les œuvres. Cet angle d’attaque sera l’occasion de s’interroger sur les particularités dues à l’écriture en contexte postcolonial. Nous entendons le terme « géocritique » au sens large comme étude des représentations de l’espace dans les textes eux-mêmes. Il s’agira alors de tracer les contours d’une ville non pas réelle mais telle que l’auteur l’imagine et telle qu’elle se dessine par le langage. À partir de la géopoétique, nous analyserons les relations entre l’espace et les formes littéraires. Nous comparerons les images proposées par différents écrivains. Nous chercherons à retrouver une certaine image de la ville de Saint-Pierre, selon la vision de différents auteursDuring the eruption of Mount Pelee, the volcano on the island of Martinique, the city of Saint-Pierre and its thirty thousand inhabitants were wiped out by a volcanic cloud on May the 8th 1902. Known as "The Paris of the Antilles", or the "tropical Venice", The town personified France to America, suggesting its special status within the French colonies at that time. Would Saint-Pierre’s glow in literature have been the same without the eruption of Mount Pelee? Our research aims to provide a review of various aspects of the city of Saint-Pierre from literary geography, extended by the contributions of geopoetics and Geocriticism for. The concept of "landscape" dear to Michel Collot, will be a larger entry we will focus in the field of study that interests us, insofar as it seems to fill the gaps of the aforementioned theoretical tools. As part of a geography of literature will be useful to study the spatial context in which the works are produced. This angle of attack will be an opportunity to reflect on the peculiarities due to writing in postcolonial context. We understand the term "Geocriticism" broadly to study the representations of space in the texts themselves. It will then trace the outline of a real but not such a city that the author imagines and as it emerges through language. From geopoetics, we analyze the relationship between space and literary forms. We will compare the representations offered by various writers. We will try to find a specific image of the city of Saint-Pierre, according to various authors
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Dariouchy, Abdelilah. "Utilisation des réseaux de neurones artificiels en diffusion acoustique et en agriculture sous serres." Le Havre, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LEHA0002.
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Dans ce travail, les Réseaux de Neurones Artificiels (RNA) sont utilisés comme une nouvelle approche de modélisation et de prédiction de processus dans différents domaines : le contrôle non destructif par ultrasons ou la programmation des conditions optimales d'une serre agricole. Cette étude est consacrée au développement des modèles capables de prédire les fréquences réduites de coupure et les fonctions de formes pour des tubes immergés dans l'eau et prédire le spectre acoustique rétrodiffusé par deux plaques soudées d'une part, et d'autre part, prédire les séries temporelles de la température interne et de l'humidité interne de la serre de tomate dans une région semi-aride. Pour valider nos résultats, la représentation temps-fréquence de Wigner-Ville est utilisée pour comparer la fonction de forme calculée par la méthode analytique classique et celle prédite par RNA. La maîtrise des modèles de RNA nous permet à présent d'envisager d’autres applications suivant les demandesThis study is devoted to the models development able to predict the reduced cut-off frequencies and the forms functions for submerged tubes in water and to predict the acoustic spectrum retrodiffused by two welded plates on the one hand, and on the other hand, to predict the time series of the internal temperature and the internal moisture of the tomato greenhouse in a semi-arid area. To validate our results, the representation time-frequency of Wigner-Ville is used to compare the form function calculated by the traditional analytical method and that predicted by ANN. The control of the ANN models allows us now to consider other applications according to the requests
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ABBIATI, MICHELE. "L'ESERCITO ITALIANO E LA CONQUISTA DELLA CATALOGNA (1808-1811).UNO STUDIO DI MILITARY EFFECTIVENESS NELL'EUROPA NAPOLEONICA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/491761.
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L’esercito italiano e la conquista della Catalogna (1808-1811)
Uno studio di Military Effectiveness nell’Europa napoleonica
Settori scientifico-disciplinari SPS/03 – M-STO/02
La ricerca ha lo scopo di ricostruire e valutare l’effettività militare dell’esercito italiano al servizio di Napoleone I. In primo luogo attraverso un’analisi statistica e strategica della costruzione, e del successivo impiego, dell’istituzione militare del Regno d’Italia durante gli anni della sua esistenza (1805-14); successivamente, è stato scelto un caso di studi particolarmente significativo, come la campagna di Catalogna (1808-11, nel contesto della guerra di Indipendenza spagnola), per poter valutare il contributo operazionale e tattico dei corpi inviati dal governo di Milano e la loro integrazione con l’apparato militare complessivo del Primo Impero.
La tesi ha voluto rispondere alla mancanza di studi sul comportamento in guerra dell’esercito italiano e, allo stesso tempo, introdurre nella storiografia militare italiana la metodologia di studi, d’origine anglosassone e ormai di tradizione trentennale, di Military Effectiveness.
La ricerca si è primariamente basata, oltre che sulla copiosa memorialistica a stampa italiana e francese, sulla documentazione d’archivio della Secrétairerie d’état impériale (Archives Nationales di Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, Parigi), del Ministère de la Guerre francese (Service historique de la Défence, di Vincennes, Parigi) e del Ministero della Guerra del Regno d’Italia (Archivio di Stato di Milano).
Dal punto di vista dei risultati è stato possibile verificare come l’esercito italiano abbia rappresentato, per Bonaparte, uno strumento duttile e di facile impiego, pur in un contesto di sostanziale marginalità numerica complessiva di fronte alle altre (e cospicue) forze messe in campo da parte dell’Impero e dei suoi altri Stati satellite e alleati. Per quanto riguarda la campagna di conquista della Catalogna è stato invece possibile appurare il fondamentale contributo dato dal contingente italiano, sotto i punti di vista operazionale e tattico, per la buona riuscita dell’invasione; questo primariamente grazie alle elevate caratteristiche generali mostrate dallo stesso, ma anche per peculiarità disciplinari e organizzative che resero i corpi italiani adatti a operazioni particolarmente aggressive.The Italian Army and the Conquest of Catalonia (1808-1811) A Study of Military Effectiveness in Napoleonic Europe Academic Fields and Disciplines SPS/03 – M-STO/02 The research has the purpose of reconstruct and evaluate the military effectiveness of the Italian Army existed under the reign of Napoleon I. Firstly through a statistic and strategic analysis of the development, and the following deployment, of the military institution of the Kingdom of Italy in the years of its existence (1805-14). Afterwards, a particularly significant case study was chosen, as the campaign of Catalonia (1808-11, in the context of the Peninsular War), in order to assess the operational and tactical contribution of the regiments sent by the Government of Milan and their integration in the overall military apparatus of the First Empire. The thesis wanted to respond to the lack of studies on the Italian army’s behavior in war and, at the same time, to introduce the methodology of the Military Effectiveness Studies (of British and American origin and, by now, enriched by a thirty-year old tradition) in the Italian historiography. The research is primarily based, besides the numerous memoirs of the Italian and French veterans, on the archive documentation of the Secrétairerie d’état impériale (Archives Nationales of Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, Paris), of the French Ministère de la Guerre (Service historique de la Défence, of Vincennes, Paris) and of the Italian Ministero della Guerra (Archivio di Stato di Milano). About the results, it has been verified how the Italian army has become a flexible and suitable instrument for Bonaparte, albeit in a context of substantial overall numerical marginality in comparison to the heterogeneous forces available to the Empire and its others satellites and allied states. Regarding the campaign of Catalonia, instead, it was possible to ascertain the fundamental contribution of the Italian regiments, in an operational and tactical perspective, for the success of the invasion. This was primarily due to the excellent general characteristics shown by the expeditionary force, but also to disciplinary and organizational peculiarities that have made the Italian corps suitable for particularly aggressive operations.
Books on the topic "Destruction of village"
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Robert, Hébras, ed. Oradour/Glane: Notre village assassiné. Montreuil-Bellay: Editions C.M.D., 1998.
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Watson, Barbara. Irlams o'th' Height: The growth and destruction of a village, 1600-1987. Manchester: N. Richardson, 1987.
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The Sanders of Saundersville: History of the creation and destruction of a southern Ohio village. College Station, TX: Virtualbookworm.com Pub., 2011.
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Ashqār, Muṣliḥ. Mudhakkirāt qarīyah Filasṭīnīyah Memories of a Palestinian village: Al-Samūʻī =. Dimashq: Dār al-Shajarah lil-Nashr wa-al-Tawzīʻ, 2007.
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Vanuatu. Office of the Ombudsman. Public report on the Saratamata police inaction in connection with the destruction of gardens in Lolovenue Village at North Ambae. Port Vila]: Republic of Vanuatu, Office of the Ombudsman, 2003.
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Frank, Milton William, ed. Sisters against the sea: The destruction of the village of Hallsands, Devon and the remarkable story of a family who survived. Tiverton, Devon: Halsgrove, 2005.
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Mungiu, Alina. Villages roumains: Entre destruction communiste et violence libérale. Paris: Harmattan, 2004.
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Timothy, Dwight. Greenfield Hill: A poem, in seven parts. I. The prospect. II. The flourishing village. III. The burning of Fairfield. IV. The destruction of the Pequods. V. The clergyman's advice to the villagers. VI. The farmer's advice to the villagers. VII. The vision, or Prospect of the future happiness of America. New York: Printed by Childs and Swaine, 1989.
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Sharīf, Kanāʻnah, and ISESCO (Organization), eds. Les villages Palestiniens detruits. [Rabat?]: Publications de l'organisation islamique pour l'education, les sciences et la culture, ISESCO, 1993.
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Porter, S. Destruction in the English Civil Wars. Dover, NH: Alan Sutton, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Destruction of village"
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Wekesa, Chemuku, Leila Ndalilo, and Carolyne Manya. "Reconciling Community Livelihood Needs and Biodiversity Conservation in Taita Hills Forests for Improved Livelihoods and Transformational Management of the Landscape." In Fostering Transformative Change for Sustainability in the Context of Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS), 17–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6761-6_2.
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AbstractThe fragmented forests of Taita Hills form an exceptional multi-functional socio-ecological production landscape with outstanding diversity of flora and fauna that provide ecosystem goods and services supporting human wellbeing and livelihood systems. However, these forests are threatened by illegal logging for wood products and encroachment for crop farming. A study was conducted in villages surrounding five forest fragments to establish the conservation programmes responsible for keeping these forests intact for provision of goods and services to the local communities. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 250 respondents in 25 villages surrounding the five forest fragments. Twenty-five focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with key informants actively involved in conservation activities. Results showed that the Taita community conserves the forest fragments through management practices that integrate livelihood needs in conservation, such as butterfly farming, bee-keeping and ecotourism. Additionally, community tree nurseries have been established to produce seedlings for restoring degraded areas, and agroforestry belts have been established on the forests’ edges to provide wood products and protect the forests from encroachment. Likewise, village committees have been established to oversee conservation activities inside the village jurisdictional area. The integrated conservation and livelihood approach has reduced forest destruction, enhanced landscape connectivity for biodiversity conservation, increased incomes, enhanced capacity of the community to adapt to climate change, improved food security, enhanced carbon storage, strengthened traditional knowledge and practices, and ensured availability of clean water for the local population.
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Asghari Kaljahi, Ebrahim, Farideh Amini Birami, and Masoud Hajialilue. "Influence of Geological Structures and Weathering in Formation and Destruction of Cone-Shaped Rocky Houses of the Kandovan Village, Iran." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 8, 231–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09408-3_38.
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Yamat, Lucas E., and Claude G. Mung'ong'o. "A comparative cost-benefit analysis of mobile and sedentary pastoral production systems in selected villages in Northern Tanzania." In Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania, 59–98. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0059.
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Abstract Despite a growing body of evidence that highlights the economic, social and environmental benefits of mobile pastoralism, few governments are ready to tolerate mobility and many policy makers promote knowingly or inadvertently the policies of sedentarization. This production system seems not to be clearly understood by many and has been characterized as backward, environmentally destructive and economically unsustainable; and the view is that it should be replaced with more sedentary forms of livestock production or other beneficial land uses. The overriding question is whether sedentary livestock keeping is more productive and utilizes fewer resources and less space than the mobile pastoral system. This study carried out a comparative cost-benefit analysis of the two production systems in selected villages of Kiteto and Karatu districts. The aim was to come up with credible data to test this hypothesis. Two alternatives were compared in terms of their net present value (NPV) to test a null hypothesis. The alternative with an NPV greater than zero or higher than its alternative was accepted to be more viable compared with the one with an NPV less than zero or less than its alternative. Whenever the NPV of the sedentary production system in the analysis was shown to be greater than zero and/or greater than the NPV of the mobile pastoral production system the null hypothesis was accepted and vice versa. The study was conducted in Makame village of Kiteto District and Dofa village of Karatu District. Makame village represents a mobile pastoral production system while Dofa village represents a sedentary production system. The study employed a quantitative approach using a household survey in the two villages. The comparative cost-benefit analysis was carried out using monetary values derived from the livestock unit statistical approach. The findings have revealed that the average cost of maintaining a mobile pastoral and sedentary production systems are TSh90,096,333 and TSh112,295,200, respectively. The cost-benefit ratios are 1:0.5 for a mobile pastoral production system and 1:0.25 for the sedentary one.
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Kreike, Emmanuel. "A Perfect Tsunami? El Nino, War and Resilience on Aceh, Sumatra." In Perspectives on Public Policy in Societal-Environmental Crises, 123–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94137-6_9.
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AbstractThe history of Aceh, Indonesia highlights societies’ resilience and vulnerability in the face of natural and human-made disasters. A multi-scalar, qualitative and quantitative analysis of land use changes in nineteenth century Greater Aceh by using GIS analysis, highlights that processes may play out differently at the system and subsystem levels. At the system’s meso and micro levels, the episodic and the structural violence of war, climate anomalies, and tsunamis wiped out entire communities and families of people, animals, and plants while at the macro scale Aceh society showed remarkable resilience. Greater Aceh’s case also suggests that the impact of war through population displacement and the destruction of such environmental infrastructure as homes, villages, orchards, and irrigated fields while less immediately and directly destructive than such episodic events as the devastating 2004 tsunami, nevertheless may have a comparable impact because the events are more sustained and cumulative over a timeframe of years and decades.
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Flandrin, Patrick. "Non-Destructive Evaluation in the Time-Frequency Domain by Means of the Wigner-Ville Distribution." In Signal Processing and Pattern Recognition in Nondestructive Evaluation of Materials, 109–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83422-6_8.
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Rochebouet, Anne. "Les deux destructions de la ville de Troie: de la dérimation à la compilation dans les première, troisième et cinquième mises en prose du Roman de Troie." In Mettre en prose aux XIVe-XVIe siècles, 225–33. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.tcc-eb.3.3935.
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"From Village Soviet to Municipality." In Decollectivisation, Destruction and Disillusionment, edited by Rein Ruutsoo, 305–48. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315191836-5.
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Wang, Xiaoxuan. "Destruction and Renewal." In Maoism and Grassroots Religion, 85–104. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190069384.003.0005.
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Before 1958, most Protestant churches were less heavily stigmatized, unlike the Catholic Church, which had been overshadowed by the politically charged “counterrevolutionary” stigma since 1949. Many village Protestant churches welcomed new converts and new church groups were founded. This ongoing growth had other consequences as well, creating friction with state programs, local cadres, and even non-Christian villagers. In Wenzhou, the local government used the occasion of the Great Leap Forward beginning in 1958 to launch a “great leap in religious work,” shutting down all churches and forcing Christians to renounce their faith. The campaign left Protestant communities deeply divided, mixing fresh wounds with old feuds. The hostile political climate led to clandestine house gatherings and new modus operandi for Christian communities. This shift would bring about a much more dramatic transformation during the Cultural Revolution.
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"IX The Destruction of Feudalism: Act Two." In Revolution in a Chinese Village, 170–204. Routledge, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203000984-14.
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Gussak, David E. "Guernica." In The Frenzied Dance of Art and Violence, edited by David E. Gussak, 232–42. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190064495.003.0010.
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Picasso’s Guernica captured his fury in response to the innocent Basque village of Guernica being destroyed by the German Luftwaffe during the Spanish Civil War. This painting became the template for the Guernica Children’s Peace Mural Project, developed by art educators to facilitate change by guiding children who are experiencing strife to redirect their frustrations into a transformative message of peace. This chapter provides a succinct examination of Picasso and the painting that captured the destruction of a peaceful village. Following this, an in-depth conversation with one of the founders of the Children’s Peace Mural Project, Dr. Tom Anderson, is presented along with a comprehensive review gleaned from the literature. This chapter ultimately explores how one painting provided the blueprint for how art can help children develop connections and help allay the powerlessness, fear, frustration, and anxiety derived from overwhelming circumstances.
Conference papers on the topic "Destruction of village"
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Li, Yi, and Zhu Xihua. "Short Analysis of the stakeholders’ benefit and satisfaction about Rural Land Share Cooperatives of the Southern Jiangsu Province." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/ztfm2175.
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The agricultural land around Shanghai is famous for its huge population and intensive cultivation. With the expansion of the metropolis, a large number of agricultural people have entered the city to work, and rural land has been abandoned1,2. In 2009, Kunshan City implemented a land transfer system, and 99% of the cultivated land was packaged for large scale farmers, and initially realized large‐scale operation3 . However, the large‐scale business model has gradually experienced problems such as predatory management, ecological destruction, and no sense of social responsibility. Through the establishment of agricultural land share cooperatives, Changyun Village took the lead in realizing the collective management of agricultural land, taking shares in the land, giving priority to paying dividends to the land, and paying wages to the farmers working in the cooperative. The peasants' enthusiasm for entering the city has become an important buffer for the migrants to work in Shanghai and surrounding village.It has increased the employment rate. At the same time, it has supplied green agricultural products to the city, passed on agricultural technology, and activated local communities. This article intends to analyse the correlation between several village share cooperative models based on Changyun Village and the large family farm contracting model of more than ten villages, and the satisfaction of villagers, combined with property rights theory, scale economy theory, and accounting cooperatives. Cost‐benefit, evaluate the effect of “long cloud-style” collectivization on revitalizing the surrounding villages of metropolises and assess the satisfaction of governments at all levels. Through field interviews and questionnaire surveys, the correlation analysis of village cadres and villagers' satisfaction was conducted. The government is optimistic about the role of the "long cloud model" in grassroots management and improvement of people's livelihood. Even if public finances are required to invest a large amount of money, it is necessary to strengthen the medical and social security of the villagers. The government is also quite satisfied with the Changyun model. At present, the economic benefits of the stock cooperatives have steadily increased. Although the growth rate is not large, the villagers have a strong sense of well‐being, and the village's ecological environment has been improved. In the future, the cost of the village will be reduced after the large scale operation, and the overall economic benefits will be improved. The future research direction will be how to solve the specific problems that plague the cooperative's production and operation, such as low rice prices and lack of high value added finishing facilities to continue to activate the surrounding areas of the metropolis and improve the satisfaction of the government and villagers.
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Lee, Joshua D., and Leila Sai Srinivasan. "Reducing Carbon and Improving Thermal Comfort for an Orphan Village in Rural Liberia." In 2020 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.fallintercarbon.20.16.
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Liberia experienced two devastating civil wars during the 1990s and early 2000s that resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths and nearly total destruction of its electrical and water infrastructure systems. The loss of these systems has been especially acute and persistent in rural areas where power is generally provided by small, inefficient, gas-powered generators to power lighting and electric fans. Thus, it is imperative that buildings in Liberia reduce their carbon footprint while improving thermal comfort by employing a variety of passive strategies. The project presented in this paper tested a variety of strategies and adapted them to the specific program, climate, society, materials, and methods of construction currently available in rural Liberia. The team used a series of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations to assess the best combination of ventilation strategies for thermal comfort. Based on the previous research these simulations were focused on increasing air speeds to improve thermal comfort in this hot and humid climate. A comparison of the baseline design against interventions such as wind funnels and angles of the slats in jalousie windows show the way the wind speeds and patterns of wind movement thereby enabling informed decision making. These recommendations were then constructed and tested in the first built prototype, a communal home for orphans on a new eco-village near Buchanan City. This made it possible to calibrate subsequent simulation models with the actual ventilation metrics and airflow patterns onsite as the campus expands. An iterative process of simulations and physical site measurements has led to a number of important insights for this development and those in the surrounding area as elements of this work are already being copied in the area, creating a new, more sustainable, lower carbon vernacular for rural Liberia.
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Bulat, Dumitru, Marin Usatii, Denis Bulat, Ana Dadu, and Aureliu Cebanu. "Ihtiofauna lacului de acumulare Dubăsari – compoziția, dinamica modificărilor stării cantitative și calitative." In Simpozion "Modificări funcționale ale ecosistemelor acvatice în contextul impactului antropic și al schimbărilor climatice". Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975151979.12.
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This paper represents the results of the researches of the ichthyofauna of the Dubăsari accumulation lake in successional aspect. It was found that due to the influence of anthropogenic factors in the last 5-6 decades (construction of Naslavcea and Novodnestrovsc dams, excavation of sand and river gravel from the minor riverbed, use of water for various purposes, accidental, biological and thermal pollution, damage and destruction of substrate of reproduction for lithophilic and phytophilic species, etc.) in the ichthyofauna of the middle course of the Dniester River (Naslavcea – Camenca village) and the Dubasari accumulation lake have undergone essential changes, reflecting the structural and functional status of the fish populations, the growth rate, sexual maturation, prolificacy and the annual sexual cycle. Apart from these factors that have influenced and continue to negatively influence the fishery resources in the Dubasari reservoir, the factor of their poor management also persists in the last 25 years.
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García Cuetos, María Pilar. "The hórreos in Riaño Mountain, León, Spain. Vernacular architecture between conservation and musealisation." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.14266.
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Hórreos, aerial or raised barns, constitute a very singular typology of vernacular architecture. The guardianship of Spanish hórreos began with their recognition as personal properties in 1926. In 1973, all the hórreos and paneras in Asturias and Galicia were placed under state pro-tection. Later, the autonomous laws included its preservation. In 1984 an order that protected the Leonese hórreos was approved. However, this legislative protection was useless when the Remolina reservoir, which flooded several towns in the region of Riaño Mountain – León, Spain – was built in 1985.The value of traditional architecture and the hórreos in the villages of the Riaño Mountain was claimed by architects such as Leopoldo Torres Balbás or Manuel Cárdenas. The disappearance of many of them has meant an irreparable loss of a unique type of vernacular architecture. When it came to deciding which elements should be saved from the destruction caused by the reservoir, vernacular architecture was neglected. One of the hórreos was dismantled and remounted in Nuevo Riaño, the new settlement built to replace the disappeared village. Isolated from its con-text, it became a museum element, perceived as a cultural relic.At the beginning of the 20th century, the council of Riaño became aware of how valuable these elements are and proposed the recovery of the constructive techniques and traditions related to Leonese hórreos. In 2014 a new one was built and placed in Nuevo Riaño square. Surrounded by buildings that have nothing to do with the vernacular architecture in the territory and decon-textualised, it is perceived as something beyond to the present days. Today, 142 hórreos are preserved in Riaño Mountain and they must be kept as something more than cultural relics and, additionally, the constructive traditions linked to them must be preserved.
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Esposto, Stefano, Enrico Sciubba, and Claudia Toro. "Process Simulation and Exergy Analysis of a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant Powered by Photovoltaic Panels in Basra (Iraq)." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24171.
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The paper presents the simulation and the exergy analysis of a solar-powered reverse osmosis plant (PV-RO) located in Basra (Iraq) characterized by an average production of 5 m3 of fresh water per hour. The system layout includes the PV system powering the reverse osmosis unit. Since the purpose of the plant is to supply freshwater to a rural village, the installation of a battery pack as an energy storage is not foreseen. The influence of some relevant process parameters like ambient temperature, global radiation and salinity of the raw water are studied by means of numerical process simulations of the plant. A suitable thermodynamic model of the PV-RO has been developed and implemented into the library of a modular object-oriented Process Simulator, CAMEL-Pro™ and the code has been then used to study the exergetic performance of the plant, to help identify and quantify irreversibilities and losses in energy quality. In CAMEL, the exergy flow associated with each energy and material stream in the plant is calculated on the basis of mass- and energy balances and of a proper set of libraries of material properties, so that the values of the exergy destruction, ExD and of the exergy efficiency, ExEff, of each component can be evaluated.
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Paralska, Katia, Petko Tsarev, Rositsa Stefanova, and Georgy Koshinchanov. "ANALYSIS OF HIGH WAVE DURING HYDROLOGICAL EXTREME EVENT ON 10-15 DECEMBER 2021 WITH SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL IN SOUTHERN BULGARIA." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s12.04.
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Manual measurement of flow velocity and streamflow discharge during high waters is often impossible because of different factors: night events, harsh meteorological conditions, very high dangerous river velocities and levels or infrastructure destruction. The purpose of this study is to determine maximums of river flow velocity and streamflow discharge with hydraulic engineering methods, as well to determine the modulus of runoff at some stations in the East Aegean River Basin in South Bulgaria for the period between 10 and 15 December 2021 characterized with heavy rain. At that time significant precipitations were observed in South Bulgaria as result of a large cyclone over the East Mediterranean area. As a result of these precipitations, the river water levels in the whole country have raise, but the most significant increases were observed in the rivers of the Rhodope Mountains: upper streams of Arda River, the rivers Varbitsa, Krumovitsa, Vacha, Shirokolashka, Chepelarska, etc. On Arda River a large pedestrian bridge altogether with the telemetric station for quantitative river flow monitoring were destroyed and engulfed by water. We determined analytically the maximum streamflow discharge and water levels of Arda River at the village of Kitnitsa and of Vacha River at the station of Zabral. Computed data shows statistic probabilities of maximum streamflow discharge of about 20 year return period (5%). Hydrographs from stations for water levels in the upper or downstream of the river flow are used for revision and verification. We also use information about the calculated surface velocity with the LSPIV method and we show results computed with the coupled SURFEX-RAPID hydrological model. A retrospective analysis is made using data on high waters that passed on 12th December 1991, during which similar water quantities were observed along Varbitsa River.
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Onan, Cenk, and Derya B. O¨zkan. "Daily Exergy Assessment of LiBr-Water Absorption Chiller Used for Solar Cooling." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90162.
Full textAbstract:
In today’s society in which energy costs are high, the use of renewable energy sources has gained importance in cooling and heating systems. In recent years, solar cooling, which is a type of renewable energy source, is increasing rapidly in use in Europe. A solar assisted absorption cooling system was designed for acclimatizing villas in Mardin, Turkey, and the performance of the system under different temperatures was analyzed using Matlab. The cooling load of the villas was calculated assuming a cooling season of May 15 to September 15. The cooling capacity was calculated to be 106 kW. Changes in the coefficient of performance, the capacity of the hot water driven absorption cooling system and the exergy destruction values of the system according to our country’s meteorological data were calculated using Matlab. The amounts of inlet and outlet exergy were calculated separately for each component. Calculations were performed for two dead state temperatures: 25 °C and the environmental temperature, which is a more realistic approach. Therefore, the effect of varying the dead state temperature on the results was determined. It is observed that the greatest source of exergy destruction in the system was the solar collectors and the second greatest source of exergy destruction was the generator. The hourly distributions of exergy destruction values are given in a table. The effects of environmental temperature and solar insulation were stated for the optimization of energy and exergy in the combined system, which are planned to be established.
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Rafaat Star, Hawar, and Zrar Ali Hassan. "Economic Genocide in the Anfal Process of the Kurdish People." In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/29.
Full textAbstract:
" The determination of all criminal offenses that have been committed by the regime of Ba’ath, the former Iraqi government, or by other countries against Kurdish people was to discriminate and suppress Kurds’ identity. Eventually, the operation of eliminating Kurdish people started in 1987 and this massive murder reached its peak through Anfal campaign in 1988. This operation was planned and carried out progressively and wasexerted systematically through eight waves around all different areas in Kurdistan; these military procedures became the reason behind the destruction of the Kurdish villages and districts, which was not the only devastation for the Kurdish towns, but actually, the farmers and other workers were mainly the victims. Consequently, this created financial crises and economic destruction; plainly, the lives of people in those places depended completely on agriculture andlivestock farming. Deporting Kurds to other various places was another way for forcing them to settle in camps which was a factor for creating the financial crisis. Because there was no role of their interests. Close reading and investigations are needed to study these cases and issues botheconomically and academically – this is to understand the detailed particularities and their impact on people and Kurdistan at that duration and the forthcoming damages – through concrete facts and data. "
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Asslan, Hala. "Syrian Earthen Villages: Recovery of Construction Crafts to Revive Dome Houses." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15148.
Full textAbstract:
The existence of earthen domed houses constructed of mud bricks has been attested for at least 5000 years in Syria. Earthen villages are most extensive and recognized as some of the richest Earthen Villages in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This construction technique which has been perpetuated in the region without discontinuity is currently experiencing a painful decline. Only a handful of master masons still have the know-how necessary to build the domes. It is therefore to be feared that, after centuries of transmission, the experience and skills of these craftsmen will disappear. These specialists knew how to build modest houses which were integrated into their environment without harming it. And though heritage should never be the target of any clashes , during the conflict which has raged since 2011, Syrian heritage has been the object of significant destruction, looting, and the damage. This is very significant in historic cities and rural landscapes. Among the objects damaged the most are the domed houses. This paper discusses the basic architectural details and features of traditional construction system, as well as, current threats, the maintenance and future of the domed houses during and after the war, in addition to the role of rural women in rehabilitating and applying traditional techniques and methods. Additionally, it suggests a brief documentation and digitalizing for tangible and intangible heritage of rural communities living in domed mud houses. The paper proposes documenting and preserving by detailing the tangible heritage damaged by conflict, and giving an intensive training to the young generation on the building methods and traditional lifestyles, and finally recovery and maintenance of construction crafts.
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Yazdi, Pouye, Jorge Miguel Gaspar Escribano, and Miguel Angel Santoyo. "STRESS TRANSFERE AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF 2012 AHAR-VARZEGHAN SEISMIC SEQUNCE, NORTHWESTERN IRAN." In 1st Congress in Geomatics Engineering. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cigeo2017.2017.6662.
Full textAbstract:
In 11 of August 2012, two destructive earthquakes with Mw= 6.4 and 6.2 occurred between cities Ahar and Varzeghan (Northwest Iran). They had a close epicentral distance of 6 Km and also had a short time lag of 11 minutes. Following that, a high-rate of aftershock activity began where during the first month more than 2000 events (M≥0.7) affected several villages in the area. The seismic released energy induced significant damage and losses in an extensive zone. Right after the seismic doublet occurrence, a surface rupture with a primarily east-west orientation was observed. The idea of having an almost vertically dipped fault plane for the first shock is more consistent with the trace of the upper edge on the surface and the focal mechanism solutions which propose a steady dipping EW. Previous studies propose different geometries for the generating faults of the second earthquake. In this study, we associate the surface rupture with the first mainshock and both nodal plane explaining the relationship between the two main seismic events are discussed after Coulomb failure stress calculation due to the first shock. Then the stress transfer because of the doublet is analyzed in order to determine its consistency with the statistical modeling prediction for the aftershock population and spatial distribution. For statistical modeling a temporal version of Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) is applied on one-year seismicity including events with minimum magnitude of 2.5.http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIGeo2017.2017.6662