Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Désorientation des joints de grains'
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Vasseur, Jérôme. "Aspects théoriques de la ségrégation d'impuretés aux joints de grains à forte désorientation dans les métaux." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10049.
Full textVolovitch, Polina. "Percolation et matériaux pollycristallins : Application au mouillage des interfaces." Paris, ENSAM, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENAM0019.
Full textRouag, Nadjet. "Influence de la texture cristallographique et de la spécialité des joints de grains sur l'anisotropie de migration des joints entourant un grain d'orientation (110)<001> au cours des premiers stades de la recristallisation secondaire dans les toles de Fe-3% SI en présence de précipités AIN et MnS." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112364.
Full textAgrizzi, Ronqueti Larissa. "Study of grain boundary oxidation of high alloyed carbon steels at coiling temperature." Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. https://bibliotheque.utc.fr/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/2018COMP2405.
Full textAdvanced high-strength steels (AHSS) have been widely used in automotive industry to improve safety and fuel economy. In order to reach the mechanical properties targets, these new steels are composed by much higher alloy contents (e.g. silicon and manganese) than usual steels. As consequence, the AHSS may suffer of selective internal oxidation during the cooling of hot coil. The selective internal oxidation, especially the grain boundary oxidation (GBO), is currently one of the main obstacles to the production of these steels. It reduces the number of cycles before fatigue failure and thus, makes it difficult to reach the specifications of the customer. Therefore, this PhD work was focused on the effect of several parameters on selective internal oxidation behavior. Among them, the impact of decarburization, the influence of coiling temperature and the mill scale, the effect of different silicon and/or manganese contents and their diffusion behavior. Moreover, the impact of grain boundary misorientation on grain boundary oxidation was also investigated. Either binary/ternary iron-based model alloys as well as industrial steels were investigated by a large set of experimental techniques. This analysis showed a stable decarburization for all investigated samples that does not impact the selective internal oxidation for long exposure time in isothermal conditions. The GBO depths were examined according to the different test configurations and were found dependent for some cases on silicon or manganese content. For some of them, different silicon diffusion behaviors were identified with regards to grain boundary oxidation depending on temperatures. Considering some restrictive hypotheses, the application of Wagner’s theory of selective internal oxidation allowed determining the grain boundary diffusion coefficient of oxygen. To overcome some limitations of Wagner’s model, a model of selective oxidation has been applied to understand the effect of different parameters on the penetration of oxygen inside the metal and principally on the grain boundary depth affected by selective oxidation. The knowledge acquired from this PhD work will help to understand and limit the selective internal oxidation (mainly GBO) in new steels with complex alloy compositions. Furthermore, the results may be used to assess a model of selective oxidation
M'rabat, Benyounes El. "Influence du phosphore sur la texture des joints de grains du fer et sur l'interaction dislocations de matrice-joints de grains." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375998860.
Full textElm'Rabat, Benyounès. "Influence du phosphore sur la texture des joints de grains du fer et sur l'interaction dislocations de matrice-joints de grains." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112244.
Full textBacia, Maria. "Comportement du carbone aux joints de grains du molybdène." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG4210.
Full textMaurice, Jean-Luc. "Contribution à l'étude des joints de grains dans le silicium." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA077127.
Full textJin, Yuan. "Formation des macles thermiques pour l'ingénierie de joints de grains." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0030/document.
Full textAnnealing twin is a crystallographic defect that is largely reported in F.C.C. metals especially those with low stacking fault energy. Despite the amount of work dedicated to the subject, the understanding of annealing twin formation mechansims is not complete in the literature. In the present work, by applying both experimental and numerical tools, we tried to have a more profound understanding of this phenomenon, which is essential to Physical Metallurgy. For this purpose, different F.C.C. Materials including 304L stainless steel, commercially pure nickel and nickel based superalloy Inconel 718 are investigated. We confirmed that annealing twins are mainly formed in the recrystallization regime, especially driven by the migration of recrystallization front into deformed regions by using in situ EBSD technique. In addition, we found in the in situ observations that there are almost no twins generated in the grain growth regime. This observation is confirmed by another grain growth experiment performed on Inconel 718. Therefore, curvature driven grain boundary migration by itself is not sufficient to generate annealing twins. A new atomistic model to explain annealing twin formation mechanism, in which the effect of migrating boundary curvature is considered, is proposed. The effects of different thermo-mechanical factors, including prior deformation level, initial grain size, annealing temperature and the heating velocity, on annealing twin formation are determined via two experiments performed on commercially pure nickel. Based on the idea of grain boundary curvature, we proposed a method to quantify recrsytallization front tortuosity. In the present study, we show evidence that this quantity is positively correlated with the twin density at the end of the recrystallization regime. In addition to experimental studies, numerical tools including both mean field and full field approaches are applied to model annealing twin evolution during grain growth by taking into account the revealed mechanisms. A basis of a new mean field model is proposed to model annealing twin density evolution during grain growth. This model, which has only one parameter to be identified, provides a better consistency with the experimental data of Inconel 718 compared to the Pande's model. Besides, full field approaches are also applied to simulate the overall microstructure evolution during grain growth. Two implicit methods i.e. the level set and the multi-phase-field methods are compared in terms of their formulations and their numerical performance in anisotropic grain growth simulations. It is the first time that these two methods are compared in the finite element context with non-structural mesh. In the present numerical context, the level set method is more suitable to describe strong anisotropy in grain boundary energy. A new methodology is thus developed in the level set framework to simulate annealing twin evolution during grain growth. This methodology, in which we can insert annealing twin boundaries into synthetic microstructures and distinguish coherent and incoherent twin boundaries, is proven to be able to counting for the strong anisotropy introduced by coherent annealing twin boundaries
Fayette, Sylvain. "Conduction thermique dans les matériaux hétérogènes, influence des joints de grains." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMOA001.
Full textGoyal, Anchal. "Comportement mécanique d'un alliage d'aluminium à grains ultrafins. Analyse et modélisation du rôle exacerbé des joints de grains." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX091/document.
Full textUltrafine grained (UFG) alloys seem promising, based on their high tensile properties and the possibility of superplastic forming at relatively low temperature. However, their deformation mechanisms are not fully understood, and their performance in fatigue has not been thoroughly investigated. This work compares the viscoplastic behavior, and the deformation and damage mechanisms in tension and fatigue of a UFG Al-Mg alloy (600 nm mean grain size) obtained by severe plastic deformation (ECAP process) with that of its coarse-grained (CG) counterpart.The strain rate sensitivity (SRS) of both materials has been measured during creep, relaxation and tensile tests run at various strain rates and temperature. Microstructural refinement is shown to increase the SRS, which rises as the strain rate decreases, and controls the ductility. The UFG material becomes softer and more ductile than the CG material at high temperature. The temperature and strain rate domain for which the UFG alloy is stronger or softer has been determined.Tensile tests run in a SEM, with DIC measurements of strain fields at meso/ micro scales (using gold microgrids printed by electron beam lithography) and at sub-micron scale (using a superfine speckle obtained by film remodelling) have shown that grain boundary sliding is more and more active in both materials as the temperature rises and as the strain rate decreases. Grain boundary sliding is cooperative and occurs mostly at high-angle grain boundaries in the UFG alloy, where the strain field is more heterogeneous, and where very high strain levels (> 100%) are often observed in localized bands.A 2D finite element model taking into account the viscoplastic behaviour inside the grains, and viscous sliding at the grain boundaries has been identified other the whole temperature range investigated. It captures well the observed behaviours and the much larger contribution of grain boundary sliding in the UFG alloy. It also provides the evolution of this contribution during strain hardening.Plastic strain-controlled push-pull tests and stress-controlled push-pull tests were run to investigate the cyclic behaviour and damage mechanisms of the two materials in low and high-cycle fatigue. The tests were followed by fractographic observations, statistical analysis of surface damage, as well as TEM observations of dislocations arrangements. Both materials exhibit cyclic hardening, although it is more modest in the UFG alloy, in which grain growth occurs at high amplitude. While isotropic hardening predominates in the CG alloy where the density of dislocation strongly increases during cyclic tests, kinematic hardening predominates in the UFG alloy, because of its limited capacity to store dislocations and its more heterogeneous plastic deformation. For a given plastic strain range, the UFG alloy has a shorter fatigue life than its CG counterpart, because of a much easier crack initiation, mostly from intermetallic particles. For a given stress range, it has a slightly higher life, due to a slower development of microcracks, which have a transgranular path in the largest grains, with some intergranular growth within the smallest grains
Hila, Chikhaoui Jalila. "Etude par microscopie électronique de la structure de joints de grains dans le germanium (somme=5, somme=25) : influence de la ségrégation d'équilibre du soufre." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30037.
Full textBernard-Granger, Guillaume. "Dévitrification de la phase intergranulaire du nitrure de silicium : Influence sur les propriétés mécaniques à haute température." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10128.
Full textTézenas, Du Montcel Henri. "Ingénierie des joints de grains dans les superalliages à base de nickel." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00688115.
Full textCREUZE, Jérôme. "Des surfaces aux joints de grains : la ségrégation dans tous ses états." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001572.
Full textBerger, Marie-Hélène. "Propriétés électriques et cristallochimie des joints de grains dans les oxydes céramiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611847p.
Full textGbemou, Kodjovi. "Modélisation de l’interaction des coeurs de dislocations et des joints de grains." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0045/document.
Full textIn this contribution, we apply and develop a mechanical theory of dislocation and disclination fields, to model in a continuous way the core structure of dislocations and grain boundaries, as well as their interactions. The Burgers/Frank vector of dislocations/disclinations is regularized by the introduction of dislocation/disclination density tensors. Incompatible elastic and plastic strains and curvatures are associated to these defect densities and they lead to internal stress and couple stress fields. The motion of defects yields plasticity. It is accounted for by transport equations, where driving forces act on the defect densities. First, we overlook disclinations and we apply the pure dislocation model to investigate the structure of planar dislocation cores, in comparison with the Peierls-Nabarro model. The self-relaxation of an initially arbitrary core structure of an edge dislocation reveals that an infinite spreading of the dislocation density occurs under its own stress field. To stop this endless relaxation, we propose to add a misfit energy in our model. The latter yields a restoring stress that opposes to the spreading of dislocation cores and allows predicting equilibrium core structures. We retrieve the Peierls-Nabarro solution when we use a sinusoidal potential for the misfit energy. We then substitute this sinusoidal potential for generalized stacking fault energies as obtained from atomistic simulations, in order to model the dissociation and motion of dislocations in zirconium and titanium. Second, we consider the full theory and we develop elastic constitutive laws that are specific to crystal defects. We propose that in addition to standard elasticmoduli tensors, additional elastic tensors exist in the core regions of defects and relate respectively stresses to curvatures and couple stresses to strains. These tensors are nonlocal by definition due to kinematic relations between strains and curvatures. They are non-zero in the core of defects, where strong heterogeneities of strains and curvatures occur, and they become progressively null far from the defects due to centrosymmetry. We apply these new elastic laws to distributions of dislocations and disclinations. We show that the nonlocal elastic tensors lead to restoring stresses and couple stresses that oppose to their local parts. In the framework of edge dislocations, we show that the representation using dipoles of wedge disclination cores allows predicting equilibrium structures without adding a misfit energy. We then investigate elastic interactions between dislocations and grain boundaries
BERGER-PINET, MARIE HELENE. "Proprietes electriques et cristallochimie des joints de grains dans les oxydes ceramiques." Caen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CAEN2015.
Full textCreuze, Jérôme. "Des surfaces aux joints de grains : la segregation dans tous ses etats." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112211.
Full textCouzinie, Jean-Philippe. "Etude des interactions entre dislocations et joints de grains dans le cuivre." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112326.
Full textThe main objective of the thesis is the analysis by transmission electron microscopy of the accommodation mechanisms of dissociated matrix dislocations in grain boundaries of copper. Such a study is essential for a better understanding of the polycrystalline materials mechanical properties. In low energy sigma 3 {111} grain boundaries, two main results are obtained: 1) if the interface plane corresponds to a glide plane for the incident dislocation, an incorporation by recombination of the shockley partials dislocations is observed; 2) if not the most probable hypothesis considers the entrance and the decomposition of the leading partial in one glissile grain boundary dislocation and one stair rod type sessile dislocation. These processes are followed by the entrance of the second partial within the grain boundary. In high energy sigma 9 {221} interfaces, the fast accommodation kinetic at room temperature of extrinsic dislocation decomposition products in the intrinsic network gives evidence of the elevated grain boundary diffusivity at low temperature. Moreover the sigma 9 grain boundary structure observed by high resolution electron microscopy is composed of symmetrical and asymmetrical facets. The "experimental observations-atomic simulations" coupling shows that the asymmetrical facets could be described using the structural unit model and are of lower energy than the symmetrical ones. Finally an in-situ deformation test in a general grain boundary shows the spontaneous accommodation of crystal dislocations when entering the interface. The grain boundary seems to behave like a quasi-viscous layer, the extrinsic dislocation like a deformation density
Nicoletti, Sergio. "Elaboration et caractérisation de jonctions Josephson YBaCuO sur joints de grains artificiels." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10091.
Full textLarranaga, Melvyn. "Mécanismes élémentaires de la migration de joints de grains couplée au cisaillement." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30202.
Full textThe shear coupled grain boundary migration of aluminum bicrystals has been investigated at the microscopic level using a double approach combining atomistic simulations of molecular dynamic and in-situ straining experiments in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). With the simulations we have characterized the effect of the introduction of a sessile disconnections dipole in a SIGMA41[001](450) symmetric tilt grain boundary (GB). The minimum energy path as well as the microscopic mechanism of the GB migration has been revealed using the Nudged Elastic Band method. The description of the migration mechanism through disconnection composition / decomposition and propagation has proven fruitful. In particular it shows that the disconnections dipole acts as a favored site for the nucleation of mobile disconnections that carry the GB migration. Despite the fact that only a tiny effect on the yield stress of the GB migration is calculated it appears that the activation energy is significantly lowered by a factor that can be of the order of 0,65 comparing to the value of the ideal GB migration case. Moreover it is also shown that a preexisting disconnection gliding in the GB experience a friction force from the disconnection dipole emphasizing the ambivalent role of this defect concerning the GB dynamic. In-situ TEM straining experiments have been performed using thin foils extracted from two different bicrystals : the SIGMA3[110](111) (known as a twin boundary) and the SIGMA41[001](450). The samples were deformed under tensile stress in the microscope at temperatures ranging from 280°C to 480°C. Globally the SIGMA3[110](111) GB showed a very low mobility, however some macro-steps associated with intergranular dislocations were seen to occasionally move in the GB. Yet an intense activity of several disconnections families has been observed among which the 1/6 < 211 > type family that has been identified using the asymmetry of their TEM contrast under several diffraction vectors (g). These results are compatible with the presence in the GB of a combination of steps of different height and sign. The straining of the SIGMA41[001](450) GB sometimes results in its shear coupled migration with a measured coupling factor close to a predicted value of the disconnection model. In both bicrystals it appears that the GB dynamic and its disconnection distribution are correlated to the interactions with the neighboring defects like sub-grain boundaries and intragranular dislocations. [...]
Tézenas, du Montcel Henri. "Ingénierie des joints de grains dans les superalliages à base de nickel." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENMP0006/document.
Full textThis work is dedicated to the study of Grain Boundary Engineering in Ni-based superalloys for aircraft turbine disk. The grain boundary engineering has proven its efficiency for the improvement of the fatigue and creep properties of copper and nickel alloys. This improvement is achieved by performing a succession of room temperature deformations interspaced by heat treatments to modify the distribution of the grain boundary network. The aim of the study is to adapt these processes to high temperature forging of superalloys. An experimental study is achieved to highlight the influence of forging parameters on the grain boundary network. The characterization of the grain boundary network is made through the completion of crystallographic orientation mapping by EBSD. An innovative characterization method based on the discretization of orientation maps in a triple junction network is proposed. This method allows to analyze the connectivity in the grain boundary network with the objective of a correlation with mechanical properties
Lens, Arnaud. "Mobilité des joints de grains dans les alliages Al-Mn et Al-Fe-Si." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EMSE0004.
Full textExperimental grain boundary mobilities were studied with an in-situ SEM/EBSD technique in order to understand the recrystallization and grain growth processes in relevant, close to industrial Al-Mn alloys. Therefore, an in-situ technique was developed for annealing between 200°C to 450°C. Theoretical velocities estimated from the approaches of the solute drag theories of Cahn, Lucke and Stuwe were compared to the experimental results. Several Al-Fe-Si alloys were studied in order to validate some ideas of Doherty concerning abnormal grain growth in the presence of low angle grain boundaries and precipitates. Moreover, mobilities were measured during normal and abnormal grain growth at 600°C
Tabet, Nouar. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés électriques de volume et des joints de grains dans le germanium : application de la méthode du courant induit par faisceau d'électrons "EBIC"." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112318.
Full textDetre, Laurent. "Étude spectroscopique et optique de phases liquides cristallines récentes en vue de leur caractérisation structurale." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-41.pdf.
Full textCornen, Marilyne. "Ségrégations intergranulaires d'impuretés dans le modèle Ni-S." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2009.
Full textPerinet, François. "Autodiffusion de l'oxygène en volume et aux joints de grains dans Cu...O." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608744v.
Full textLEBOUVIER, BENOIT. "Energie libre de joints de grains de flexion d'axe 011 dans le silicium." Caen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CAEN2079.
Full textPROT, DOMINIQUE. "Autodiffusion de l'oxygene en volume et aux joints de grains dans l'alumine alpha." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066292.
Full textHagège, Serge. "Contribution a l'etude des joints de grains en coincidence dans la symetrie hexagonale." Caen, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985CAEN2019.
Full textFournel, Frank. "Réalisation par adhésion moléculaire d'un substrat induisant l'auto-organisation latérale et contrôlée du dépôt de nanostructures." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10066.
Full textSemiconductor nanostructures are interesting objects for many microelectronic and optoelec-tronic applications. Nevertheless, to use them, it is necessary to control their size, their density and their in-plane distribution. Therefore an important work in research has been done for some years to control these parameters. Most of these researches try to find out a self-organized collective growth method of nanostructures. In our work, we have chosen to elaborate a functional substrate inducing a lateral self-organization of nanostructures. The organization driving force is the strain field induced on the surface by a buried dislocations network. This network is obtained by the molecular bonding and the transfer of a silicon ultra-thin film onto a silicon wafer. In order to do this, we have developed original methods for controlling the bonding angles. Performing simultaneously the realization process and structural studies, we demonstrate that these substrates organize laterally the nanostructures deposit of Si quan-tum dots. These substrates could then be used to manufacture new microelectronic or optoelectronic components such as, for instance new non-volatile memory types
Khalfallah, Omar. "Interaction dislocations de matrice-joints de grains dans le fer : influence des paramètres cristallographiques et de l'anisotropie du métal." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112363.
Full textAndriamisandratra, Mamiandrianina. "Analyse numérique de la microplasticité aux joints de grains dans les polycristaux métalliques CFC." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2013. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1148/1/ANDRIAMISANDRATRA_Mamiandrianina.pdf.
Full textDaveau, Gaël. "Interaction dislocations - joints de grains en déformation plastique monotone : étude expérimentale et modélisations numériques." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740650.
Full textMaunier, Caroline. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du fluorure de calcium : simulation des processus de diffusion en volume et dans un joint de grains par la dynamique moléculaire, fluage haute température /." Saclay : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35494882z.
Full textBenamara, Mourad. "Contribution à l'étude des interfaces de soudure directe dans le silicium." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30135.
Full textDufour, Jean-Paul. "Application de l'électroréflectance à l'étude de couches minces évaporées de sulfure de zinc." Dijon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988DIJOS002.
Full textAlmazouzi, Abderrahim. "Diffusion volumique et intergranulaire de l'or, de l'étain et du germanium dans le germanium." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30047.
Full textYazidi, Samir. "Influence du caractère de spécialité des joints de grains sur la texture granulaire et la texture de joints dans l'oxyde de nickel." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37619180h.
Full textYazidi, Samir. "Influence du caractère de spécialité des joints de grains sur la texture granulaire et la texture de joints dans l'oxyde de nickel." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112155.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to verity whether the intrinsic properties of special and general grain boundaries (GB) may influence such characteristics as grain texture and grain boundary texture, during grain growth process in a polycristalline material. Three parameters are of importance: -average grain diameter which is an indicator of the residual driving force responsible for grain growth; -average grain growth rate, since GB mobility is a discriminative factor for special and general GB behavior and is a function of impurity conten; -specialness character Of the GB's which allows their classification. In order to examine the influence of the first two parameters, about 250 GB's belonging to several samples prepared by oxidation of nickel in various conditions, were characterized. The data which were obtained up to now do not seem to indicate that the specialness character of the, grain boundaries influences significantly grain texture or GB texture. This conclusion can be explained by topological requirements relative to a polycrystal tree of external stresses
Marrouche, Abdelkhalek. "Caractérisation par microscopie électronique en transmission de joints de grains d'oxyde NiO formé par oxydation." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112128.
Full textThis thesis presents the results of a statistical study of the geometrical features of grain boundaries in nickel oxide NiO obtained by thermal oxidation of nickel. This work is divided into two parts: The first is a critical study of the methods used to determine the geometrical characteristics of the grain boundaries, orientation relationships, coincidence index, criteria of specialty, grain boundary plane. In the second part, we present the date of the study of 128 boundaries taken in 3 types of specimen resulting either from oxidation or additionally annealed. The following features were examined for each sample: granular morphology, distribution and density of dislocations, distribution of grain boundaries between subgrain boundaries and boundaries, oxidation texture, orientation relationships, "special" grain boundaries. It is shown in particular that boundaries parallel to a {011} plane are quite unstable and that the proportion of coincident boundaries is higher than that existing in a randomly distributed sample
Rajabzadeh, Armin. "Étude expérimentale et théorique de la migration de joints de grains, couplée à un cisaillement." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2290/.
Full textContrary to conventional coarse-grained metals where plastic deformation is carried out by intragranular dislocation motion, specific grain boundary-based mechanisms are involved in deformation of nanocrystalline metals. Among them, the shear-coupled grain boundary migration, i. E. The motion of the grain boundary perpendicular to its plane in response to a shear strain, has been found to be efficient to accommodate the deformations observed in several small-grained metals and under different mechanical solicitations. Despite many experimental and theoretical efforts in recent years, the elementary mechanisms of the shear-coupled grain boundary migration are still poorly known. The major purpose of the present work is thus to investigate these elementary processes both experimentally by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and theoretically by atomistic simulations. In-situ TEM straining experiments on Al bicrystal at 400C show the migration of a S41<001>{540}grain boundary by the collective motion of macro-steps moving along the interface. These macrosteps are characterized by measuring the deformation (related to the coupling factor) that they induce by their motion. This deformation can include both parallel (shear-coupled migration) and perpendicular (involving climb) components to the interface. Moreover, different macrosteps carry different deformations indicating the multiplicity of the possible coupling modes for a given grain boundary. Moving elementary steps, presumably composing the macro-steps are also observed in the grain boundary. By high resolution TEM (HRTEM) observations the elementary steps are identied as disconnections and are characterized by their step heights and Burgers vectors. The TEM in-situ straining experiments at ambient and 400C show also the rapid decompositions of lattice dislocations in the grain boundary, suggesting a possible mechanism for the creation of disconnections. The possible decomposition reactions are hence considered in order to determine the nature of the produced disconnections. The disconnections with small step heights and Burgers vectors and small climb components are thought to be mobile and the potential deformation that they would carry is in agreement with the experimentally measured coupling factors. The shear-coupled grain boundary migration is studied by atomistic simulation in a Cu bicrystal containing a symmetrical S13<001>{320} grain boundary, at 0 K. The minimum energy path (MEP) of the grain boundary migration is determined by the Nudged Elastic Band (NEB) method. The structural evolution of the grain boundary along the MEP shows that the grain boundary migration occurs through the nucleation and motion of grain boundary steps, identified as disconnections, in agreement with experimental observations. The energy barrier for the nucleation of the disconnections is found to be about 11 times larger than the energy barrier for their motion. Hence, in the absence of pre-existing disconnections in the grain boundary, the nucleation of the disconnections is the limiting step of the shear-coupled grain boundary migration
TORRENT, MARC. "Etude numerique de la structure atomique et electronique de quelques joints de grains du silicium." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066712.
Full textDang, Mau-Chien. "Comportement rhéologique, percolation et endommagement de matériaux à joints de grains visqueux, solides ou liquides." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0083.
Full textVaugeois, Antoine. "Modélisation de l'influence de la structure des joints de grains sur les phénomènes de ségrégation." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR096/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the modeling of grain boundaries (GB) structure and segregation phenomena. Segregation at GB in polycrystalline materials can have profound consequences on structural and functional properties : intergranular slipping, intergranular corrosion and mechanical properties. Segregation becomes really important in irradiated materials where radiation-induced segregation can change th local composition of GB and sometimes impact the macroscopic properties of materials. In this work, the quasi-particles approach is developed to model these phenomena in binary systems. The quasi-particles approach is a continuous model able to model physical phenomena at atomic scale. One of the insight of this model is the capability to simulate atomic displacement in continuum space and diffusive transitions at mesoscale. In this work, the quasi-particles approach is used to study phosphorus segregation at GB. The link between GB structure and phosphorus concentration is highlighted. Next, vacancies or self-interstitial are introduced into the quasi-particles approach to model some specific phenomena which occur in irradiated materials. In particular, the diffusion and annihilation of vacancies (or self-interstitials) at GB could be modeled. When sink strength of GB is large enough, vacancies diffuse to GB and create voids with elongated shape, consistantly with experimental observation. Finally, the quasi-particles approach is used to study grain growth in polycrystalline materials
Vystavel, Tomas. "Structure de joints de grains dans des bicristaux de molybdène et mouillage de ces joints par du nickel : étude expérimentale par microscopie électronique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10091.
Full textDerraz, Younes. "Etude par diffraction des rayons X des contraintes dans des matériaux à gros grains et des bicristaux." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT021G.
Full textAmanrich, Hélène. "Origine et caractérisation des centres recombinants aux joints de grains de bicristaux et multicristaux de silicium." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX30014.
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